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Sustainable and Smart City : AUST Summer Course Chapter 4 : Smart drinking water Professor Isam SHAHROUR [email protected]

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This lecture presents the Smart Drinking Water Concept. It includes a presentation of the drinking water system, the smart water system and the implementation of this concept in the SunRise demonstrator “Smart and Sustainable City - Lille1 Campus – France”

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Page 1: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Sustainable  and  Smart  City  :    AUST  Summer  Course  

Chapter  4  :  Smart  drinking  water  

Professor  Isam  SHAHROUR    Isam.shahrour@univ-­‐lille1.fr  

Page 2: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

 •  Drinking  water  system  •  Smart  water  system  •  Smart  water  pilot    

Page 3: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Key  Figures    

Page 4: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

In  the  world  

Cost  of  the  water  supply:  184  billion  €  Cost  of  leakage  =  9.6  billion  €  

Page 5: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

France    

Drinking  Water  network  •  906  000  km  (value:  ~  80  billion  €)    •  Annual  investment  =  1.5  billion  €      Sewage  network  :    •   394  000  km  (~  70  billion  €)    •  Annual  investment  =:  0.8  to  1.3  billion  €  �    

Page 6: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

•  Average  life  span  of  a  pipeline:  ~  70  years    •  Average  age  of  pipes:  ~  40  years  (more  

than  100  years  for  some  pipes)  •  Average  renewal  rate  =  0.6%  

France    

Page 7: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Lebanon    

Page 8: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014
Page 9: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Dam  capacity  regarding  the  renewable  water  

Page 10: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Lebanon  :  Water  demand    

Page 11: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Lebanon  :  Water  losses  

The  cost  of  the  reducMon  of  the  water  from  40%,    to  20%  ranges  between  50  and  117  million  $  

Page 12: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Lebanon  :  waste  Water  collecMon  

Page 13: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Lebanon  has  potenMally  sufficient  water  resources  to  meet  domesMc  demand.    Nonetheless,  transforming  resources  into  quality  drinking  water  suffered  from  lack    of  investments  in  the  infrastructures.      As  a  result,  the  water  supply  service  is  poor  in  most  parts  of  the  country.  

Water  Service  in  Lebanon  

Page 14: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

1)  Water  resources  are  overexploited  due  to  excessive  pumping.  There  are  an  esMmated  40,000  private  wells,  compared  with  3,000  in  1970  which  is  factor  in  contaminaMon  of  the  groundwater  by  seawater.  Most  of  these  wells  are  Illegal    

Factors  contribuMng  to  the  poor  water  quality:    

Page 15: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

 2)  inadequate  provision  of  sanitaMon  services  has  led  to  polluted  streams,  rivers  and  aquifers.  Up  to  70%  of  natural  sources  are  affected  by  bacterial  contaminaMon.    

3)  Lebanon’s  potable  water  was  ranked  below  the  World  Health  OrganizaMon  (WHO)  standards.  

MulMple  factors  contribute  to  poor  water  quality:    

Page 16: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

4)  Absence  of    water  metering  Without  a  metering  system,  supply  and  demand  is  de-­‐linked  at  the  household  level:    the  amount  of  water  provided  to  each  household  is  unrelated  to  the  amount  of  water  a  household  would  consume  and  pay  for.  

Page 17: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

 The  effecMve  cost  of  the  public  water  is  o_en  much  higher  than  the  quoted  tariff:  The  unreliability  of  supply  imposes  its  own  costs,  because  of  storage,  and  purchase  of  alternaMve  water  supply.    

Page 18: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Water  system  organisaMon  and  operaMon    

Page 19: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Water  System  organisaMon      

(1)  

(1)   (2)  (3)  

(4)  

(5)   (6)  

(7)  

(1)  :  Water  Source  (2)   Drinking  water  

treatment  (3) DistribuMon  Tank  (4)   Drinking  water  

network  (5) SaMaMon  network  (6) SanitaMon  treatment  (7) Rain  network  (8) Rain  treatment    

Page 20: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

20

Fire Hydrants

Page 21: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

21

Page 22: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

22

Kinds of Pipe

•  Ductile iron •  Plastic (HDPE/PVC) •  Concrete •  Steel •  Residential (copper or plastic)

Page 23: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014
Page 24: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

24

Valves

Page 25: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

water  counter  

Page 26: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Movies  about  the  water  distribuMon  A1  to  A5    

Page 27: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Challenges  :  1)  Water  quality  :  contaminaMon  (biological,  

chemical)  could  occur  at  :  •  The  Source  (strict  control)  •  TransportaMon  from  the  treatment  staMon  to  

the  tank  (strict  control)  •  TransportaMon  from  the  tank  to  consumers  

(Control  at  large  Mme    interval)        

Page 28: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Challenges  :  2)  DetecMon  of  water  leakage  :  •  In  the  pipes  (provider  responsibility)  (in  ciMes  it  

could  take  long  Mme,…)  •  In  buildings  (the  owner  responsibility)      

Page 29: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Challenges  :  3)  Energy  consumpMon:  •  Water  treatment  •  Water  transport  (pumps)  •  Pressure  …(affects    also  the  network  

deterioraMon  and  the  leakage).  

Page 30: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Challenges  :  4)  Balance  between  the  demand  and  the  producMon.  It  requires  a  good  knowledge  of  the  consumers  behavior.  

Page 31: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Challenges  :  5)  Investment  :    establish  priority  for  the    network  maintenance,  rehabilitaMon,  modernizaMon  and  extension  (huge  investment)  

Page 32: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

•  Drinking  water  system  •  Smart  water  system  •  Smart  water  pilot    

Page 33: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Smart  Technology   Smart  governance  

Page 34: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

ObjecMve  of  the  smart  water  system  

Improve  the  management  of  the  water  system    •  Assets  management    •  Leakage  detecMon    •  Early  contaminaMon  detecMon  •  User  awareness  •  Energy  saving  •  OpMmizaMon  of  the  investment  (priority  

according  to  the  operaMon  sate  of  the  network…)  

Page 35: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

CommunicaMon  :    •  OpMcal  (wired)  •   Contactless  

SunRise  -­‐  Plateform  InformaMon  System  

• Asset  data    (SIG)  • Monitoring  data  

3D  graphic  tools  AnalyMcal  tools  

CommunicaMon    web  Servor  

•  Users  •  Technical  team  

Governance  team    •  Public  data  

Monitoring:    •  Leakage  •  Quality  

 

Leakage   Quality  Sensors  •  Flow  •  Pressure  

Sensors  •  Chlorine,  •  ConducMvity,    •  pH,    •  Turbidity  •  temperature,  •  +  

OrganizaMon    

Page 36: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Asset  informaMon  :    Pipes  :    geo-­‐localizaMon,  diameter,  material,  roughness,    surrounding  soils,  accident,  maintenance,…  

InformaMon  system  Geographic  informaMon  system  (GIS)  

Page 37: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Asset  informaMon  :    Valves  :  type,  geo-­‐localizaMon,  sate,  accident,  maintenance,…  Counters  :  type,  geo-­‐localizaMon,  accident,  maintenance,…  Hydrants  :  type,  geo-­‐localizaMon,  maintenance,    

InformaMon  system  Geographic  informaMon  system  (GIS)  

Page 38: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

OperaMonal  data  :  ConsumpMon  :  Water  counter,    Velocity  :    water  flow  meter    Pressure  :        

InformaMon  system  Geographic  informaMon  system  (GIS)  

Page 39: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Smart  meters    

Page 40: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

OperaMonal  data  :  Water  quality    

Chlorine   Intellesonde    

12  Parameters  Monitored  Physical  •  Temperature  •  Flow  •  Pressure  OpMcal  •  Turbidity  •  Colour    Chemical  •  Free  Chlorine  •  Mono-­‐chloramine  •  Dissolved  Oxygen  •  ConducMvity  •  pH  •  ORP  •  ISE  (e.g.  Ammonium,  

Fluoride,  Nitrate)    

Page 41: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

 Optiqua EventLab:      measures  refracMve  index  changes  in  the  water    It  allows  monitoring  of  the  water  quality  for  any  change  in  (chemical)    

Quality  instrumentaMon  

 S::Scan  AOC,  BOD,  BTX,  COD,  color,  DOC,  FTU/NTU,  H2S,  NO2-­‐N,  NO3-­‐N,  O3,  TOC,  TSS,  UV254,  

Page 42: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

•  Drinking  water  system  •  Smart  water  system  •  Smart  water  pilot  (SunRise)    

Page 43: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

SunRise  project  

Page 44: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Urban Information System

Site Buildings

Residential Careting Admin & Service

Projet  SunRise  :  SIG  Eau  potable  

Page 45: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Water Network Tubes Points

Projet  SunRise  :  SIG  Eau  potable  

Page 46: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Data verification

Page 47: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

!Cité!Scien*fique!(5)!!!

4!Cantons!

ECL!!

M5!

Bachelard! Chemistry  

Sector  

Biology  Sector  

75  AMR  

Smart  metering  

Page 48: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Water balance verification

Page 49: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Secteur      Chimie  

Page 50: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Analysis of builidings water consumption

Page 51: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Leakage detection

Page 52: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

(I)  Working  Days  

ProbabilisMc  modeling    

Page 53: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Numerical  modelling  using  EPANET  

Page 54: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Water velocity March, 12, 2014 at 8:00 am

Vitesse  (m/s)  

Page 55: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Vitesse  (m/s)  

Water flow March, 12, 2014 at 4:00 pm

Page 56: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Pression  (bars)  

Water pressure March, 12, 2014 at 8:00 am

Page 57: Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City »  Chapter 4 “Smart Drinking  Water” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Movies  about  water  distribuMon  B1  to  B5