professor isam shahrour summer course « smart and sustainable city » chapter 4 “smart drinking ...
DESCRIPTION
This lecture presents the Smart Drinking Water Concept. It includes a presentation of the drinking water system, the smart water system and the implementation of this concept in the SunRise demonstrator “Smart and Sustainable City - Lille1 Campus – France”TRANSCRIPT
Sustainable and Smart City : AUST Summer Course
Chapter 4 : Smart drinking water
Professor Isam SHAHROUR Isam.shahrour@univ-‐lille1.fr
• Drinking water system • Smart water system • Smart water pilot
Key Figures
In the world
Cost of the water supply: 184 billion € Cost of leakage = 9.6 billion €
France
Drinking Water network • 906 000 km (value: ~ 80 billion €) • Annual investment = 1.5 billion € Sewage network : • 394 000 km (~ 70 billion €) • Annual investment =: 0.8 to 1.3 billion € �
• Average life span of a pipeline: ~ 70 years • Average age of pipes: ~ 40 years (more
than 100 years for some pipes) • Average renewal rate = 0.6%
France
Lebanon
Dam capacity regarding the renewable water
Lebanon : Water demand
Lebanon : Water losses
The cost of the reducMon of the water from 40%, to 20% ranges between 50 and 117 million $
Lebanon : waste Water collecMon
Lebanon has potenMally sufficient water resources to meet domesMc demand. Nonetheless, transforming resources into quality drinking water suffered from lack of investments in the infrastructures. As a result, the water supply service is poor in most parts of the country.
Water Service in Lebanon
1) Water resources are overexploited due to excessive pumping. There are an esMmated 40,000 private wells, compared with 3,000 in 1970 which is factor in contaminaMon of the groundwater by seawater. Most of these wells are Illegal
Factors contribuMng to the poor water quality:
2) inadequate provision of sanitaMon services has led to polluted streams, rivers and aquifers. Up to 70% of natural sources are affected by bacterial contaminaMon.
3) Lebanon’s potable water was ranked below the World Health OrganizaMon (WHO) standards.
MulMple factors contribute to poor water quality:
4) Absence of water metering Without a metering system, supply and demand is de-‐linked at the household level: the amount of water provided to each household is unrelated to the amount of water a household would consume and pay for.
The effecMve cost of the public water is o_en much higher than the quoted tariff: The unreliability of supply imposes its own costs, because of storage, and purchase of alternaMve water supply.
Water system organisaMon and operaMon
Water System organisaMon
(1)
(1) (2) (3)
(4)
(5) (6)
(7)
(1) : Water Source (2) Drinking water
treatment (3) DistribuMon Tank (4) Drinking water
network (5) SaMaMon network (6) SanitaMon treatment (7) Rain network (8) Rain treatment
20
Fire Hydrants
21
22
Kinds of Pipe
• Ductile iron • Plastic (HDPE/PVC) • Concrete • Steel • Residential (copper or plastic)
24
Valves
water counter
Movies about the water distribuMon A1 to A5
Challenges : 1) Water quality : contaminaMon (biological,
chemical) could occur at : • The Source (strict control) • TransportaMon from the treatment staMon to
the tank (strict control) • TransportaMon from the tank to consumers
(Control at large Mme interval)
Challenges : 2) DetecMon of water leakage : • In the pipes (provider responsibility) (in ciMes it
could take long Mme,…) • In buildings (the owner responsibility)
Challenges : 3) Energy consumpMon: • Water treatment • Water transport (pumps) • Pressure …(affects also the network
deterioraMon and the leakage).
Challenges : 4) Balance between the demand and the producMon. It requires a good knowledge of the consumers behavior.
Challenges : 5) Investment : establish priority for the network maintenance, rehabilitaMon, modernizaMon and extension (huge investment)
• Drinking water system • Smart water system • Smart water pilot
Smart Technology Smart governance
ObjecMve of the smart water system
Improve the management of the water system • Assets management • Leakage detecMon • Early contaminaMon detecMon • User awareness • Energy saving • OpMmizaMon of the investment (priority
according to the operaMon sate of the network…)
CommunicaMon : • OpMcal (wired) • Contactless
SunRise -‐ Plateform InformaMon System
• Asset data (SIG) • Monitoring data
3D graphic tools AnalyMcal tools
CommunicaMon web Servor
• Users • Technical team
Governance team • Public data
Monitoring: • Leakage • Quality
Leakage Quality Sensors • Flow • Pressure
Sensors • Chlorine, • ConducMvity, • pH, • Turbidity • temperature, • +
OrganizaMon
Asset informaMon : Pipes : geo-‐localizaMon, diameter, material, roughness, surrounding soils, accident, maintenance,…
InformaMon system Geographic informaMon system (GIS)
Asset informaMon : Valves : type, geo-‐localizaMon, sate, accident, maintenance,… Counters : type, geo-‐localizaMon, accident, maintenance,… Hydrants : type, geo-‐localizaMon, maintenance,
InformaMon system Geographic informaMon system (GIS)
OperaMonal data : ConsumpMon : Water counter, Velocity : water flow meter Pressure :
InformaMon system Geographic informaMon system (GIS)
Smart meters
OperaMonal data : Water quality
Chlorine Intellesonde
12 Parameters Monitored Physical • Temperature • Flow • Pressure OpMcal • Turbidity • Colour Chemical • Free Chlorine • Mono-‐chloramine • Dissolved Oxygen • ConducMvity • pH • ORP • ISE (e.g. Ammonium,
Fluoride, Nitrate)
Optiqua EventLab: measures refracMve index changes in the water It allows monitoring of the water quality for any change in (chemical)
Quality instrumentaMon
S::Scan AOC, BOD, BTX, COD, color, DOC, FTU/NTU, H2S, NO2-‐N, NO3-‐N, O3, TOC, TSS, UV254,
• Drinking water system • Smart water system • Smart water pilot (SunRise)
SunRise project
Urban Information System
Site Buildings
Residential Careting Admin & Service
Projet SunRise : SIG Eau potable
Water Network Tubes Points
Projet SunRise : SIG Eau potable
Data verification
!Cité!Scien*fique!(5)!!!
4!Cantons!
ECL!!
M5!
Bachelard! Chemistry
Sector
Biology Sector
75 AMR
Smart metering
Water balance verification
Secteur Chimie
Analysis of builidings water consumption
Leakage detection
(I) Working Days
ProbabilisMc modeling
Numerical modelling using EPANET
Water velocity March, 12, 2014 at 8:00 am
Vitesse (m/s)
Vitesse (m/s)
Water flow March, 12, 2014 at 4:00 pm
Pression (bars)
Water pressure March, 12, 2014 at 8:00 am
Movies about water distribuMon B1 to B5