PROPOSAL TO CONVERT THE USAGE OF THE MANDAUE CITY SANITARY LANDFILL INTO A TRANSFER STATION AND

CONTRACT OUT FINAL DISPOSAL SITE FOR MANDAUE CITY RESIDUAL WASTE

Prepared by:

ENGR. RICARDO D. MENDOZA, MPASWMO-Director 

I. RATIONALE

Mandaue City is one of the fastest growing industrial hubs in Metro Cebu. Through the years past ever since the city was declared as highly urbanized and industrialized in 1991, the population and the city’s income grew exponentially. Due to its strategic location, people migrated to the city as well as commercial and industrial establishments opened their doors in the city. Due to such influx, the city has significantly benefited from industrialization and commercialization putting at risk its precious natural resources as population grew at very fast pace. 

In light of this, the city faces a daunting task to safeguard its environment preserving its social, economic and industrial advances. The city’s resources such as creeks and rivers and other vegetation are adversely affected due to its urbanization and industrialization. Waste produced from the migrants as well as commercial and industrial establishments has increased exponentially. 

The City has rehabilitated the dumpsite in Barangay Umapad into a sanitary landfill where scavengers converge to collect recyclables that are sold to independent traders unfortunately a 1 hectare sanitary landfill cannot cope up the increasingly volume of garbage in which the city has generated. The dumpsite is a host to all types of garbage be it biodegradable, recyclable, special, or residual. As the City has not have an alternative site for final waste disposal, the Umapad Sanitary Landfill continues to be patronized with the hope that the volume of wastes to be thrown there will be reduced through the material recovery facilities and segregation at source.

II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of this proposal is to justify the conversion on the usage of the Mandaue City sanitary landfill into a transfer station and contract out final disposal site for Mandaue City residual waste. Specifically, the following sub-problems were taken into consideration: 1. What are the main factors for the increasing of solid wastes generated by the City?

2. What types of wastes and quantities are generated by the City?

3. What is the estimate cost in operating a dumpsite and operating a transfer station?

4. What are the estimated waste volumes generated per day;  

a. In operating a dumpsite? and, b. In operating a transfer station?

 

III. COST ESTIMATE ON OPERATING A DUMPSITE For a 1 hectare sanitary landfill to operate considering the daily activities: spreading and compacting solid waste in layers with repeated passages of the landfill equipment to maximize compaction to approximately 0.60 m or 2 ft. Placing daily soil cover at least 6 inches over the waste at the end of each day’s operation. 1 hectare area at thickness of 6 inches for soil cover1,500cum where:

1 truck load = Php 4,320 cost per truck @ 18m3= 1,500m3 / 18m3/truck

1 hectare = 83 trucks= 83 trucks x 4,320

1 hectare = 358,560/day / 2

179,280  Let’s say, every three days, we put soil cover for just half a hectare on the amount of

Php 179,280 x 10 = Php 1,792,800/month 

FOR EQUIPMENT COST (BULLDOZER)  where: Php 43.50/liter x 100liter Php 4,350/day x 30days Php 130,500/month 

FOR LABOR 1 Driver = Php 265.00/day x 26working days Php 6,890.00

1 Helper = Php 265.00/day x 26working days

Php 6,890.00

Total = Php 13,780.00/month

Grand total of Php 1,937,080.00 for operating a dumpsite.

IV. COST ESTIMATE ON OPERATING A TRANSFER STATION For 1 truck load 10 wheeler truck is 5 tonsProjected population in 2014 is 434,863 

where:434,863x .5 kl = generated/person217,431.5x 30% = residual wastes65,229.45 kl 1,000.00 tons 65.22 tons/day

5 ton/trip 13 trips

_ x 5 65 tons

x 700 /ton = tipping fee Php 45,500/day x 30 days Php 1,365,000/month

  

conversion

For fuel consumption in transporting for 13 trips for transfer station 

where:

1 trip = 20 liter @ Php 43.50/liter= Php 870.00 liter x 13 trips

Php 11,310/day per trip

Labor (driver & helper)

Php 11,310/day per tripx 30days

Php 339,300/month   

FOR EQUIPMENT COST (BACKHOE)  where: Php 43.50/liter x 20liter Php 870/day x 30days Php 26,100/month 

FOR LABOR 1 Driver = Php 265.00/day x 26working days Php 6,890.00

1 Helper = Php 265.00/day x 26working days

Php 6,890.00

Total = Php 13,780.00

Grand total of Php 1,755,490.00 for operating a transfer station.   

V. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 

OPERATING A LANDFILL TO OPERATING A TRANSFER STATION

Industrialization and urbanization are the main factors for the increasing solid wastes generated by the City, which hosts major industries such as food processing, furniture, metal/steelworks, construction, textiles, bottling, automotive/electronics repair and manufacturing, chemical, cottage, agriculture, and others.

  For this justification, planning involves the collection of information on type, amount, generation rate, trips, fuel allocation in each trip, monthly maintenance, type of equipment/truck, total amount of tons and characteristics of the wastes to be accepted for landfilling. Acquisition of this information is a prerequisite to an efficient and effective development of a transfer station. Indeed, it should be noted that the underlying assumption is that reduction and recycling are the preferred courses of action, and that transfer station is intended for the residue left after recycling.

At present time, the volume of garbage disposed in Umapad dumpsite has been increasing due to non-compliance of segregation at source. In this case, if the location will operate as a landfill in three years’ time it will become a mountain of garbage. The mere fact that the location itself is intended to be a commercial area. In effect, it will reduce the value of property considering the negative impact of environmental issues and concerns. In converting the landfill into a transfer station, the volume of garbage will not be mounted due to transferring the waste into a private landfill.

In the barangay level, based on the data we monitored and gathered, it shows that at present there are only 5 functional Material Recovery Facility (MRF), 9 non-functional and the 13 barangays don’t have its own MRF. Upon converting the landfill into a transfer station, all barangays will be given an MRF at the said location and can be easily monitored.

The present condition of our dumpsite during bad weather is that our garbage trucks cannot dispose waste due to the condition of the access road of the area and also if the equipment is not functional, the operation will be hampered. This will greatly affect the collection of garbage at the barangay level. Access roads from the public road to the site should be accessible in any weather condition. The roads should be designed to support the anticipated volume of wastes.

Consequently, in operating a sanitary landfill, it will entice a large amount of cost on having for soil cover daily not considering the volume of garbage that will generate. While operating a transfer station the cost will only the tipping fee and fuel cost for transport. But if we will have a final sorting and make sure that waste to be disposed will be purely residual it will reduce the cost of waste.  

 B. CONCLUSION 

As the population of the City increases, the pile of solid waste that households generate gets higher and higher. Unfortunately, the amount of space available in Umapad Dumpsite cannot keep up with the increased volume of wastes dumped, and all that trash generated from 27 Barangay Local Government Units (BLGUs) have to go somewhere.

Based on the data we monitored and gathered for this justification, it safely be concluded that for half hectare of sanitary landfill to operate considering the daily activities: spreading and compacting solid waste in layers with repeated passages of the landfill equipment to maximize compaction to approximately 0.60 m or 2 ft. Placing daily soil cover at least 6 inches over the waste at the end of each day’s operation. 

The cost estimate in operating a dumpsite in every three days for half hectare is 179,280/day; the projected estimated amount that may cost if we put a soil cover isPhp 1,792,800/month . For its equipment cost (Bulldozer) and its labor (Driver & Helper) is Php 13,780.00/month.

Grand total for operating a dumpsite is Php 1,937,080.00

While the cost estimate in operating a transfer station is Php 1,365,000/months. For the fuel consumption in transporting for 13 trips from Umapad Dumpsite to Consolacion Landfill, it estimated to Php 11,310/day per trip and with its labor (driver & helper), projected amount to Php 339,300/month. The equipment cost will be , Php 26,100/month for its labor (driver & helper) is Php 13,780.00/month.

Grand total for operating a transfer station is Php 1,755,490.00.

Cost Estimate In Operating a Dumpsite Cost Estimate In Operating a Transfer Station

Soil Cover (every three days) For a half hectare =Php 1,792,800/month

Tipping Fee =Php 1,365,000/month

Fuel Consumption =Php 11,310/day per trip Labor (Driver & Helper) =Php 339,300/month

Equipment Cost (Bulldozer ) =Php 130,500/month Labor (Driver & Helper) =Php 13,780.00/month Equipment Cost (Backhoe) =Php 26,100/month

Labor (Driver & Helper) =Php 13,780.00/month

GRAND TOTAL =Php 1,937,080.00

GRAND TOTAL =Php 1,755,490.00

GIVENDaily Tonnage 65 TonsBiodegradable 25 Tons (15 Tons for the plant + 10 tons for barangays)

Recyclables 20 TonsResiduals 15 TonsHazardous waste 5 Tons

MONTHLY COMPUTATIONS

SAVINGS FACTOR

OPEN DUMPSITE LANDFILL TRANSFER STATION

Tipping Fee 1,365,000.00 136,500.00 only 10% of input waste will

go to landfill Soil Covering 1,937,080.00

Monthly Savings 572,080.00 1,800,580.00

REVENUE FACTORS

OPEN DUMPSITE LANDFILL TRANSFER STATION

BIODEGRADABLE WASTE RECOVERYBarangay MRF Barangay Compost 1,500,000.00

(@ 5/kg per day times 10 tons/day barangay)Waste to Resource Facility Anaerobic Digestion Soil Conditioner 750,000.00

(@ 10 Tons per day @ Php 2.5/Kg) Methane Gas 132,000.00

(@ equivalent to 80Kg of LPG/day equivalent to 2000kWh)

Plant Compost 1,500,000.00 (@ 5 tons/day

@ php10/kg from the plant)

OPEN DUMPSITE LANDFILL TRANSFER STATION

NON-BIODEGRADABLE WASTE RECOVERY

Refuse Derived Fuel 150,000.00 (@ 10 Tons per day @ Php .5/Kg)

Plastic to FuelPlastic to Pellets

Hazardous Waste 144,000.00 (@Php 30/kg; 40Kg/ batch/; 6 batches/8hr day; 20 days/month)- auto-claving process

Monthly Revenues 2,382,000.00

OPEN DUMPSITE LANDFILL TRANSFER STATIONENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Airborne Pathogens Very High High Low Water Contaminants Very High High Very Low Population Risk Very High High Very Low Greenhouse Gases CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) Unabated Unabated Sequestered 39.60 Cubic meters (volume of CO2)

CH4 (Methane) Unabated Unabated Sequestered 59.40 Cubic meters (Volume of Methane)

Nox (Other Gases) Unabated Unabated 1<

Carbon Credits CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) 29,937.60 (@ US$ 10 per tone) (CO2 is 1.8 Kg/CuM))(weight)

CH4 (Methane) 351,018.36 (@ US$ 10 per tone) (CH4 is 0.6 Kg/CuM but 21 times more harmful than CO2))(weight)

SAVINGS AND REVENUES 572,080.00 4,182,580.00 with carbon credits 4,563,535.96

* Revenue estimates based on full plant operation about 6 months after installation

C. RECOMMENDATION 

People living in Mandaue City throw away household rubbish every year. All these wastes have a huge impact on the environment. The amount of wastes that are creating is increasing and the nature of waste itself is changing. This means waste now contains an increasingly complex mix of materials, including plastics, precious metals and hazardous materials that are difficult to deal with safely.

Based on the foregoing data gathered and conclusions, the following recommendations are hereby given:

1. The usage of City’s Sanitary Landfill into a transfer station represents an opportunity to recover resources. It offers an appealing solution looking to hold the wastes generated by households in the City.

2. We understand that the Barangays are individually responsible for the waste collection. To make it expedient, the Mandaue City government should adopt the conversion of landfill into a transfer station so that the waste collection will be centralized. So as, the volume of garbage will not be mounted due to transferring the waste into a private landfill. And upon converting the landfill into a transfer station, all barangays will be given a Material Recovery Facility (MRF) at the said location and can be easily monitored. 

  3. Maintenance of access roads at the site should be conducted on a continuous basis. Roads should be inspected and repaired frequently. Lack of proper road maintenance leads to equipment damage, unnecessary delays in operations, and safety problems. So as in converting the dumpsite into a transfer station, we have to make sure that we will provide a concrete and passable access road and assigned well-conditioned equipment for transferring the residual waste to the assigned city transport truck.

4. Landscaping in transfer station would suffice for it creates green buffer zones to increase liveability and a beautiful environment to decrease your stress levels. Adding trees, shrubs, flowers, grasses and plants to the landscaped areas can attract wildlife such as birds. It offers substantial environmental benefits because it reduces air pollution by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. Having it landscaped, it can also reduce noise pollution by blocking out surrounding noises and heat reduction.

By this, the City government can promote this one of a kind environmental friendly transfer station to other LGUs where they can visit, conduct educational tour and they can also replicate this to their respective city/municipalities.

PROPOSED CONCEPT PLAN FOR MANDAUE CITY TRANSFER STATION

PROPOSED CONCEPT PLAN FOR MANDAUE CITY TRANSFER STATION

GUARD HOUSE & WEIGHING SCALEGUARD HOUSE & WEIGHING SCALE

GUARD HOUSEGUARD HOUSE

WEIGHING SCALEWEIGHING SCALE

HOLDING AREAHOLDING AREA

HOLDING AREAHOLDING AREA

HOLDING AREAHOLDING AREA

ENTRANCE TO ADMIN OFFICE & MRF AREA

ENTRANCE TO ADMIN OFFICE & MRF AREA

ENTRANCE ENTRANCE

OFFICEOFFICE

OFFICE DESIGN OFFICE DESIGN

MRF MRF

MRF DESIGNMRF DESIGN

PROCESSING AREAPROCESSING AREA

SORTING AREASORTING AREA

COMPOSTING AREA WITH AGRICULTURE OFFICE

COMPOSTING AREA WITH AGRICULTURE OFFICE

TRANSFER STATIONTRANSFER STATION

SANITARY LANDFILLSANITARY LANDFILL

THANK YOU!