qarTlis

cxovreba

mamuli ena sarwmunoeba

1

l e o n t i m r o v e l i

j u a n S e r i

gamomcemloba `axali ivironi~

Tbilisi

2011

gamomcemloba `axali ivironi” gTavazobT axal serias saxel-

wode biT `mamuli, ena, sarwmunoeba”. axali seriis daarseba ganapi-

roba im didma inteersma, romelic arsebobs sazogadoebaSi saqarT-

velos istoriis, enisa da qristianuli rwmenis mimarT. seriaSi

warmodgenili literatura xels Seuwyobs erovnuli sulisa da jan-

saRi patrio tuli grZnobebis gaRrmavebas, qarTuli enisa da litera-

turis siyvarulsa da eklesiuri moZR vrebis Seswavlas. es yovelive,

safuZvlad unda daedos qristianul da erovnul faseulobebs, rac

kvlav SeakavSirebs momavali Taobis aRzrdisa da cxonebis umTavres

sakiTxs. gamocema gankuTvnilia mkiTxvelTa farTo wrisaTvis.

teqsti axal qarTul enaze Targmna

da komentarebi daurTo: nikoloz nikoloziSvilma

redaqtori: dekanozi maqsime Wanturia

mxatvari: spartak cincaZe

garekanis gaformeba: giorgi wereTeli

teqnikuri redaqtorebi: irakli xuciSvili

nino burduli

© gamomcemloba `axali ivironi”

ISBN 978-9941-0-3818-1 (yvela tomis)

ISBN 978-9941-0-3819-8 (I tomis)

ISSN 2233-3428

3

mefeTa cxovreba

daviwyeb qarTvelTa mefeebisa da adrindeli

winaprebisa da Camomavlebis cxovrebis Txrobas1

[Tavi pirveli]

[rva Zmis ambavi]

pirvelad vaxsenoT es, rom somxebisa da qarTvelebis, rane-

bisa2 da movaknelebis3, herebisa4 da lekebis5, megrelebisa6 da

kavkasielebis7 _ am monaTesaveTa mama erTi iyo, saxelad Tar-

gamosi8. es Targamosi iyo TarSis Ze, iafeTis, noes Zis, Ziswu-

li9. da iyo es Targamosi gmiri kaci.

da enebis gayofis Semdeg, rodesac aaSenes babilonSi10 godoli

da gaiyvnen iq erebi da gaifantnen iqidan mTel qveyanaze11, wavida es

Targamosi Tavisi modgmiTurT da damkvidrda or ukacriel mTas _

araratsa da masiss12 Sua13. da iyo misi Camomavloba didi da uricxvi,

radgan hyavda mravali coli14, Zeebi da asulebi, Tavisi Zeebisa da

asulebis Svilebi da SviliSvilebi, radganac icocxla man eqvsasi

weli15. da veRar itevda araratisa da masisis miwa [maT]16.

xolo is qveyana, romelic wiliT rgeboda [Targamoss], es

aris im qveynis sazRvari: aRmosavleTiT gurganis zRva17, dasav-

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leTiT pontos zRva18, da samxreTiT oreTis mTa19 da Crdilo-

eTiT mTa kavkasia20.

xolo mis Svilebs Soris gamoCnda rva kaci, Zlieri da

saxelovani gmirebi, romelTa saxelebic esenia: pirvels erqva

haosi21, meores _ qarTlosi22, mesames _ bardosi23, meoTxes _

movakanosi24, mexuTes _ lekosi25, meeqvses _ herosi26, meSvides

kavkasosi27, merves _ egrosi28. es rvani iyvnen gmirebi, xolo

haosi yvelaze metad gmiri iyo, magnairi arasodes yofila, arc

warRvnis win da arc Semdeg, taniT, ZaliTa da simxneviT. xolo

veRar itevda [maT] araratisa da masisis qveyana.

gauyo Targamosma qveyana da Tavisi sanaTesao am rva gmirs:

naxevari Tavisi sanaTesaosi da naxevari da umjobesi [nawili]

Tavisi qveynisa misca haoss, xolo am Svids misca maTi wilxve-

dri maTive arzanigebisaebr29. wamoiyvana es Svidi CrdiloeTis

mxarisken da gauyo qveynebi maTi Rirsebisamebr.

misca qarTloss [qveyana] da miuCina sazRvari: aRmosavle-

TiT _ hereTi da berdujis mdinare30; dasavleTiT pontos zRva;

samxreTiT _ mTa, romelic mihyveba berdujis mdinaris saTaves

da mTa, romelic miuyveba dasavleTis mxarisken, romlis wyalic

gardamoedineba CrdiloeTis mxarisken da erTvis mtkvars, mTa,

romelic miuyveba klarjeTsa da taos Soris vidre zRvamde31;

da CrdiloeT sazRvari _ Rado32, mcire mTa, romelic gamodis

Stod kavkasiidan da awvdens wvers (?) Rados dasasruls, romel-

sac axla hqvia lixi33. da am sazRvrebs Sua misca yvelaferi qarT-

loss. xolo bardoss misca [qveyana] mtkvris samxreTiT, berdu-

jis mdinaridan [iqamde], sadac iyrebian mtkvari da araxsi34. am

bardosma aaSena qalaqi bardavi35 da iq dasaxlda.

xolo movakans misca [qveyana] mtkvris CrdiloeTiT, mcire

alaznis36 SesarTavidan vidre zRvamde37. da aman aaSena qalaqi

movakneTi38 da damkvidrda iq. xolo heross misca qveyana mtkvr-

is CrdiloeTiT, mcire alaznis Sesar Tavidan vidre tyetbamde,

romelsac axla hqvia gulgula. da am herosma aaSena pirvelad

qalaqi orive alazanis Sesayars Soris da uwoda Tavisi saxeli

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_ hereTi. da mis gamo hqvia hereTs hereTi. da axla im adgils

hqvia xoranTa39.

xolo egross misca zRvispira qveyana40 da miuCina sazRvari:

aRmosavleTiT mcire mTa, romelsac axla hqvia lixi41; dasav-

leTiT zRva; [CrdiloeTiT] mcire xazareTis mdinare42, sadam-

dec miwvdeba kavkasiis wvero. xolo am egrosma aaSena qalaqi da

uwoda Tavisi saxeli egrisi43. axla im adgils hqvia bedia.

xolo kavkasiis [mTebis] CrdiloeTiT ar iyo Targamosis

wilxvedri [miwa], aramed arc iyo adamiani kavkasiis Crdilo-

eTiT; da dausaxlebeli iyo is qveyana kavkasiidan vidre did

mdinaremde44, romelic Cadis darubandis zRvaSi45. amis gamo

gamohyo mravali gmiridan ori gmiri, lekani da kavkasi.

da misca lekans [qveyana] darubandis zRvidan vidre lome-

kis mdinaremde46, CrdiloeTiT xazareTis did mdinaremde47.

da misca kavkasis [qveyana] lomekis mdinaridan vidre

kavkasiis dasasrulamde, dasavleTiT48.

xolo haosi damkvidrda Tavisi mamis, Targamosis samyofel-

Si da daikava qveyana CrdiloeTiT, ise, rogorc dagvi weria49;

samxreTiT oreTis mTi dan50, aRmosavleTiT vidre gurganis

zRvamde; da dasavleTiT vidre pontos zRvamde. da am Svidive

gmirze iyo mmarTveli da batoni haosi. da es yvela iyo hao-

sis morCili. da es rvanive erTad emonebodnen gmir nebroTs,

romelic iyo pirveli mefe mTeli qveynierebis51.

amis Semdeg ramdenime weliwadSi mouwoda haosma am Svid

gmirs, Semoikriba da uTxra maT: `mogvca maRalma RmerTma Zala

da Cveni modgmis simravle. axla dambadeblis SemweobiT aravis

vemonoT da aravis vemsaxuroT dambadebeli RvTis garda~. dae-

mowma is Svidi gmiri da ganumtkices es ganzraxva; da ganudgnen

nebroTs da aRar misces xarki. moelaparaknen sxva viRac xalx-

ebsac da sxva xalxebmac uorgules [nebroTs]52.

maSin ganuwyra nebroTi [Targamosianebs], Semokriba Tavisi

gmirebi, mTeli Tavisi spa, romelic emorCileboda da gamoe-

marTa Targamosianebisken. xolo haosma mouwoda Svidive gmirs

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da Targamosis yvela modgmas. da daexmarnen sxva viRac dasav-

leli xalxebic. Sekriba haosma yvela eseni da dadga masisis

ZirSi. da roca moadga nebroTi adarbadaganis qveyanas53, dadga

iq da gagzavna samoci gmiri da maTTan erTad Zlieri spa Targa-

mosianebTan sabrZolad.

xolo roca moaRwia nebroTis im spam, maSin miegeba [maT] is

Svidi gmiri54, haosis Zmebi, Zlieri spiT. xolo haosi uZlieresi

spiT daudga [Zmebs] zurgidan. gaimarTa maT Soris sastiki br-

Zola, romelic haeris sisastikes55 emsgavsa, radgan [iyo] maTi

fexis mtveri, rogorc sqeli Rrubeli; maTi abjris elvareba _

rogorc cis elva; maTi piris xma _ rogorc quxilis xma; maTi

isrebis simravle da qvis tyorcna _ rogorc xSiri setyva da

maTi sisxlis nTxeva _ rogorc setyvis Rvari56.

gaZlierda brZola maT Soris da amowyda orivegan uricxvi.

xolo haosi edga zurgSi Tavis gmirebs, amxnevebda da anugeSeb-

da sazareli xmiT, rac mexistexis msgavsi iyo.

maSin sZlies Targamosianebma da mospes nebroTis is samoci

gmiri da maTi spa. xolo es Svidi Targamosiani gmiri _ qarTlo-

si, bardosi, movakani, herosi, lekani, kavkasani, egrosi _ eseni

gadarCnen cocxlebi, Wrilobebis gareSe da uZlevelni emad-

loblebodnen RmerTs. xolo roca esma [es ambavi] nebroTs, gaw-

yra da gamoemarTa maTken mTeli Tavisi ZaliT.

xolo haoss ar hyavda nebroTis spis odeni spa. gamagrda igi

masisis xevxuvebSi. miadga qvemodan nebroTi; da iyo igi aRWur-

vili rkiniTa da spilenZiT terfidan Txemamde. da avida erT

goraze haosTan salaparakod da eubneboda, rom isev damor-

Cileboda mas, radgan ewada misi Semobruneba [Tavisken]. xolo

haosma uTxra Tavis gmirebs: `gamimagreT Cemi zurgis mxare da

mivuaxlovdebi nebroTs~. da wavida da mivida pirispir nebro-

Tis siaxloves da styorcna isari da dahkra nebroTis mkerds,

spilenZis abjarze da gaiara zurgidan. maSin daeca nebroTi

da gaiqca misi laSqari. da gaTavisufldnen Targamosis Camo-

mavlebi. da maSin haosma gaamefa Tavisi Tavi sakuTar Zmebze da

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sxva modgmebzec, Tavis sazRvrebis maxloblad. xolo Svidive

es Zma wavida Tav-Tavis qveyanaSi da iyvnen haosis morCili.

xolo aqamde davwereT rvave Zmis es ambavi.

[Tavi meore]

[qarTlis ambavi]

xolo aqedan daviwyoT da vTqvaT ambavi qarTlisa da maTi

modgmisa, da maTi cxovreba vidre Cven dReebamde; da rogor

ganuyo Targamosma qveyana mis Camomavlobas da Tavis rvave

Svils da misca qarTloss qveyana, romelic zemoT aRvwereT.

da es qarTlosi movida pirvelad im adgilas, sadac SeerTvis

aragvi mtkvars da gavida im mTaze, romelsac ewodeba armazi57.

da pirvelad Seqmna simagreebi masze da aiSena iq saxli da uwoda

im mTas Tavisi Tavis saxeli _ qarTli58. da vidre masze armazis

kerpis aRmarTvamde erqva im mTas qarTli. da mis gamo ewoda mTel

qarTls qarTli59, xunanidan60 vidre speris zRvamde61. amis Semdeg

imave qarTlosma aaSena orbis cixe62,

romelsac axla hqvia samSvilde63. da Semdeg aaSena mtveris

cixe, romelsac axla hqvia xunani64. cocxlobda igi mraval wels

da gamravlda misi Camomavloba. xolo mis Svilebs Soris gamoC-

nda xuTi gmiri, romelTa saxelebic esenia: pirvels [erqva] mcx-

eTosi, meores _ gardabosi65, mesames _ kaxosi, meoTxes kuxosi,

mexuTes _ gaCiosi66. es xuTive iyo gmiri. magram mcxeTosi im sx-

vebze ugmiresi iyo67.

mokvda qarTlosi da damarxes is qarTlis [mTis] Tavze, romel-

sac axla ewodeba armazi. da amis Semdgom, misma colma aaSena deda-

cixe68. da manve aaSena bostan-qalaqi, romelsac axla hqvia rusTa-

vi69. da gayo qarTlosis colma is xuTive gmiri, Tavisi Svilebi.

gardaboss misca xunani da miuCina sazRvari: aRmosavleTiT

berdujis mdinare, dasavleTiT qalaqi gaCiani da samxreTiT

zemoxsenebuli mTa da CrdiloeTiT mtkvari70.

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xolo gaCioss misca orbis cixe71 da [qveyana] skvireTis mdi-

naridan72 vidre abocis Tavamde73. da am gaCiosma aaSena qalaqi ga-

Ciani74, romelsac maSin erqva sanadiro qalaqi75.

xolo kuxoss misca bostan-qalaqi, romelsac axla hqvia

rusTavi, misca aragvidan vidre hereTamde, kaxeTis mTis Tav-

amde76 da mtkvars Sua77.

xolo kaxoss misca [qveyana] kavkasiasa da kaxeTis mTas Soris,

aragvidan vidre tyetbamde, romelic aris hereTis sazRvari78.

da am kaxosma aaSena CeleTi79; kuxosi daexmara CeleTis SenebaSi80,

radgan dedacixe kaxosis xvedri iyo. da misca kaxosma daxmarebi-

sTvis da [isic] daexmara CeleTis SenebaSi, romelsac erqva beri,

kaxeTis am pirvelSens81.

xolo mcxeTosi, romelic Tavis Zmebze ugmiresi iyo, igi darCa

maTi mamis, qarTlosis samyofelSi, romelsac axla hqvia armazi.

da manve aaSena qalaqi mtkvrisa da aragvs Soris SesakrebelSi da

uwoda Tavisi saxeli mcxeTa82. da daikava qveyana tfilisidan da

aragvidan dasavleTiT, vidre speris zRvamde83. da is iyo gamgebeli

da batoni im oTxive Zmaze da es oTxiveni iyvnen misi morCilni84.

es aris qarTlosis ZeTa gayofis [ambavi], romlebic gayo maT-

ma dedam qarTlosis sikvdilis Semdeg85. xolo mraval welsa da

mraval Jams icocxla qarTlosis Zem da gamravlda misi Camomav-

loba da amaTi yvela maTganis Camomavloba gamravlda.

xolo mcxeTosis Svilebs Soris gamoCnda sami saxelovani

gmiri, romelTa saxelebic esenia: pirvels [erqva] uflosi, mom-

devnos _ oZraxosi da mesames _ javaxosi86. gauyo [mcxeTosma]

maT qveyana da maTi mTeli sanaTesao.

oZraxoss misca tasiskaridan87 vidre speris zRvamde kl-

dovani qveyana88. am oZraxosma aaSena ori cixe-qalaqi: oZrxe89

da Tuxarisi90.

xolo javaxoss misca [qveyana] fanavridan91 vidre mtkvris

Tavamde92. da am javaxosma aaSena ori cixe-qalaqi _ wunda93 da

artanis qalaqi94, romelsac maSin erqva qajTa qalaqi, xolo axla

hqvia huri.

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xolo uflosi darCa maTi mamis, mcxeTosis samyofelSi, mcx-

eTaSi. da ekava qveyana aragvidan da tfilisidan vidre tasiskara-

mde da fanavramde. da man aaSena ufliscixe95, urbnisi96 da kaspi97.

aragvidan da armazidan vidre tasiskaramde uwoda am qveyanas

zenasoflis [qveyana], romelsac axla hqvia SidaqarTli98.

xolo vidre mcxeTosis sikvdilamde, Targamosis es yoveli

modgma iyo erTmaneTis siyvarulSi; da hqondaT nebroTianTa

SiSi da elodnen nebroTianebisgan nebroTis sisxlis Ziebas. da

Cqarobdnen isini cixe-qalaqebis gamagrebas nebroTianTa SiSis

gamo99.

xolo roca mokvda mcxeTosi, qarTlosis Ze, Cavarda Suri

qarTlosis Svilebs Soris. daiwyes brZola da dava erTmaneTTan.

radgan ar emorCilebodnen da arc batons uwodebdnen ufloss,

mcxeTosis Zes, romelic datovebuli iyo qarTlosis taxtze,

radgan mamamisisgan hqonda miniWebuli qarTlosianebze batono-

ba. daiwyes brZola da dava erTmaneTSi; da gagrZelda maT Soris

brZola: raRac xans maTgan ori modgma aRudgeboda win erTs da

romelime sxvebi SeeSvelebodnen mas da romelime sxvebi kidev

win aRudgebodnen erTmaneTs da sxvebi eSvelebodnen; raRac xans

Camovardeboda maT Soris mSvidoba da [mere] isev aireodnen da

ebrZodnen [erTmaneTs]. da gagrZelda maT Soris aseTi ambavi da

aravin iyo maT Soris uwarCinebulesi da usaxelovanesi, aramed

alag-alag meTaurebs gaiCendnen [xolme]. xolo vinc ijda mcxeTa-

Si, viTomda is iyo sxva yvelas meTauri. da [mas] arc mefe ewode-

boda saxelad, arc _ erisTavi, aramed mamasaxlisi ewodeboda da

is iyo sxva qarTlosianebis momrigebeli da mosamarTle, radgan

qalaqi mcxeTa gandidebuli iyo yvelaze metad da uwodebdnen

dedaqalaqs100.

da im dros daiviwyes RmerTi, dambadebeli maTi da gaxdnen

msaxurni mzis, mTvaris da xuTi varskvlavisa, da mtkice da um-

Tavresi maTi saficari iyo qarTlosis saflavi101.

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[Tavi mesame]

[xazarTa gamosvla]

im droSi gaZlierdnen xazarebi102 da dauwyes brZola lekisa

da kavkasis naSierT. da yvela es Targamosiani im dros iyo mSvi-

dobiT erTmaneTis siyvarulSi. xolo kavkasis Svilebze batoni

iyo durZuki103, tireTis Ze104. SeeTqvnen eseni Targamosianebis

eqvsive modgmas da iTxoves Svela xazarebis winaaRmdeg.

xolo Seikriba Targamosianebis yvela modgma, gadaiares

mTa kavkasia da moaoxres xazareTis mTeli sazRvrebi, aaSenes

qalaqebi xazareTis piras da wamovidnen. amis Semdeg xazarebma

gaiCines mefe da daemorCila yvela xazari maT [mier] gamorCeul

im mefes. wamoiZRoles igi da gamoiares zRvis kari, romel-

sac axla hqvia darubandi105. win ver aRudgnen Targamosianebi,

radgan iyo xazarTa simravle uricxvi, moaoxres TagamosianTa

qveyana da Semusres araratis, masisisa da CrdiloeTis yvela

qalaqi106. da gadaurCaT cixe-qalaqebi: Tuxarisisa, samSvilde

da mtveris cixe, romelic aris xunani, SidaqarT li da egrisi.

da iswavles xazarebma orive es gza, romelic aris zRviskari

_ darubandi da aragviskari, romelic aris dariala107. da gaax-

Sires xazarebma gamosvla da maTi mooxreba da eseni win veRar

aRudgnen. da im droidan gaxda yvela es Targamosiani xazarTa

moxarke. xolo rodesac pirvelad gamovida xazarebis mefe da

moaoxra qveynebi, romlebic zemoT davwereT, da gadaiara mTa

kavkasia. da [maSin] iyo misi Ze, saxelad uobosi108, da misca Tav-

is Zes somxeTisa da qarTlis tyveebi. da misca kavkasis nawili

qveyana, lomekis mdinaris dasavleTiT, [im] mTis dasavle-

Tamde, romelic kavkasis nawili iyo. xolo durZuki, romelic

uwarCinebulesi iyo kavkasis Svilebs Soris, mivida da dajda

mTis napralSi da uwoda Tavisi saxeli _ durZukeTi. da aZlev-

da xarks xazarebis mefes109.

xolo imave gzaze misca Tavis mamisZmiswuls xazarTa mefem

lekanis nawili, aRmosavleTiT darubandis zRvidan lomekis

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mdinare mde. da misca ranisa da movaknis tyeebi da damkvidrda

is iq, [qveyanaSi] romelic lekanis nawili iyo.

xolo xozonixi, romelic uwarCinebulesi iyo lekanis Camo-

mavalTa Soris, mivida da dajda mTis napralSi, aaSena qalaqi

da uwoda Tavisi saxeli _ xozanaxeTi110.

da gavida amasobaSi mravali dro. da es yvela modgma iyo

xazarebis moxarke.

xolo im droidan gaZlierdnen sparselebi mzis aRmosav-

leTidan, nebroTis Camomavlebi. da gamoCnda nebroTis Camo-

mavalTa Soris erTi gmiri kaci, saxelad afridoni111, `romel-

man Sekrao jaWviTa bevrasf gvelTa ufalio112 da daaba mTasa

zeda, romel ars kacTSeuvalio~ (amgvari ram aris dawerili

`sparsTa cxovrebaSi~113). afridoni daeufla sparsTa mTel

qveyanas, xolo zogierT qveyanaSi Segzavna erisTavebi, misi xe-

lqveiTebi, zogierTi qveyana ki moxarked aqcia. aman gamogzavna

Tavisi erisTavi didi spiT, romelsac saxelad erqva ardami114,

nebroTis CamomavalTa Svili115. movida qarTlSi da Semusra

qarTlis yvela qalaqi da cixe116. da mospo yvela, ramdeni xaza-

ric ipova qarTlSi. am ardam erisTavma aaSena qalaqi zRviskar-

Tan da uwoda saxelad darubandi, rac iTargmneba: `daxSa kari~.

da manve SemozRuda mcxeTa-qalaqi qviTkiriT. da aqamde ar iyo

qarTlSi qviTkiris xeloba. da amis mere iswavles qviTkiri.

am ardammave Semoavlo kiris zRude armazis cixes da [teri-

torias] aqeTken mtkvramde da SemozRuda armazis seri vidre

mtkvramde. da erisTavobda ardami mraval wels. xolo rode-

sac gauyo afridonma mTeli qveyana Tavis sam Zes, maSin, romel

Zesac misca sparseTi samk vidrod, masve Sexvda wilad qarTli,

[Zes] romelsac erqva iaredi117.

xolo ardam erisTavis Semdeg gardaicvala oTxi erisTavi.

im droidan mouclelebi Seiqnen afridonis Zeebi, radgan iwyes

erTmaneTTan brZola. da mokla orma Zmam iaredi, maTi Zma118.

maSin naxes marjve dro qarTlosianebma, Seexmiannen osebs,

gadmoiyvanes osebi da naxes sparselTa erisTavi velad gasu-

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li, ro melic knisobda119, da mokles igi. da vinc naxes sparseli,

yvela gawyvites osebma da qarT velebma. da gaTavisufldnen

qarTvelebi, xolo rani da hereTi darCaT sparselebs.

da am [ambidan] mravali weliwadis Semdeg, kvlav gaZlierdnen

sparselebi. da gandidda sparselTa mefe, romelsac erqva qeka-

posi120.

xolo imJamad iyo lekeTSi vinme grZneuli kaci, xozanixizis

Camomavali, da man Tavisi grZneulebiT daabrmava qekapos mefe

da misi spa, da [qekaposi] ver Sevida lekeTSi, ukan mobrunda da

maSinRa gaunaTda Tvalebi121. am qekaposma kvlav moxarked aqcia

qarTvelebi da wavida.

da amis Semdeg ramdenime weliwadSi movida ambavi, rom mo-

sem ganvlo122 israelTa zRva123, da ikvebebian isini udabnoSi

mananiT124. gaukvirda yvelas da maT yvelam, warmarTebma, aqes

israelTa RmerTi.

da amis Semdeg ramdenime weliwadSi moucleli gaxda qekapo-

si, sparselebis mefe, radgan daiwyo brZola TurqebTan125. maSin

naxes marjve dro somxebma da qarTvelebma da gaudgnen sparse-

lebs da gaamagres TavianTi cixeebi da qalaqebi da SeuerTda

[maT] Targamosiani yvela modgma.

da amis Semdeg ramdenime weliwadSi gamogzavna qekaposma,

sparse lebis mefem, Tavisi Ze, romelsac erqva farboroti126,

didi spiT, somxebsa da qarTvelebsa da yvela Targamosianze.

xolo Seikriba yvela es Targamosiani da miegeba da SeebrZol-

nen adarbadaganSi da gaaqcies farboroti, da mospes misi spa.

da amis Semdeg ramdenime weliwadSi kvlav gamoagzavna am qeka-

posmave Tavisi Ziswuli, Ze SioS bednierisa127, romelic moklul

iqna TurqeTSi, rogorc weria `sparselTa cxovrebis~ wignSi128.

gamoemarTa es SioSis Ze, saxelad qaixosro129. win ver aRudgnen mas

somxebi da qarTvelebi, radgan didi iyo misi Zala. moiara mTeli

somxeTi da qarTli, moaoxra yvelaferi, iavaryo yvela cixe da

qalaqi da datova erisTavebi da aaSena adarbadaganSi TavianTi

rjulis salocavi saxli da wavida.

13

da amis Semdeg ramdenime weliwadSi moucleli gaxda qaixo-

sro mefe da daiwyo brZola TurqebTan, eZiebda ra TavianTi mamis

sisxls. da naxes dro somxebma da qarTvelebma, gaudgnen sparse-

lebs da mospes sparselebis erisTavebi da gaTavisufldnen.

xolo im droSive movidnen Turqebi, imave qaixosrosgan gamo-

qceulebi. gamoiares maT gurganis zRva130, amoyvnen mtkvars da

movidnen mcxeTaSi _ ocdarva saxli131. da SeuTanxmdnen mcxeTis

mamasaxliss, aRuTqves Semweoba sparselTa winaaRmdeg. xolo

mcxeTelma mamasaxlisma Seatyobina mTel qarTvelobas, romleb-

mac indomes am Turqebis damegobreba, radgan hqondaT sparsel-

Ta SiSi, da SemweobisTvis daimegobres es gamoZevebuli Turqe-

bi, da gaanawiles132 yvela qalaqSi. xolo maTi umetesoba movida

da naxa erTi adgili mcxeTaSi, dasavleTis mxares, kldeebs So-

ris gamokveTili Rrmuli da moiTxoves is adgili mcxeTelebis

mamasaxlisisagan. [manac] misca. da aaSenes igi, SemozRudes mt-

kiced da ewoda im adgils sarkine133.

da iyvnen [erTad] es Turqebi da qarTvelebi erTmaneTis neb-

is aRmsruleblebi, moelodnen sparselebis mosvlas, amagrebd-

nen cixeebsa da qalaqebs.

im dros saidanac vin mividoda avismoqmedi - saberZneTidan,

gindac asuridan gaqceuli, gind xazareTidan - yvelas imego-

brebdnen qarTvelebi sparselebis winaaRmdeg daxmarebisTvis.

da gavida amasobaSi bevri dro134.

maSin nabuqodonosor mefem135 moa oxra ierusalimi da iqi-

dan gamoqceuli uriebi136 movidnen qarTlSi da moiTxoves mcx-

eTelebis mamasaxlisisagan miwa xarkiT, romelmac misca da

daasaxla aragvze wyarosTan, romelsac hqvia zanavi.

da ra miwac hqondaT maT xarkiT, axla hqvia xerki im xarkis

gamo137.

aqamde qarTlosianebis ena mxolod qarTuli iyo, romli-

Tac laparakobdnen, xolo rodesac Seikriba es uricxvi modgma

qarTlSi, maSin qarTve lebmac waaxdines Tavisi ena da am yve la

modgmisagan Seiqmna narTauli ena.

14

da ganikuTvnes maT yvela modgmis [rjulze] uborotesi

rjuli, radgan col-qmrobisTvis arad miaCndaT naTesaoba da

yvela suliers Wamdnen; saflavi ar iyo, mkvdars Wamdnen138.

amis Semdeg ramdenime weliwadSi amovida sparselTa me-

fis, vaStaSabis139 Ze, saxelad spandiat-rvali140, is goliaTi da

saxelovani. xolo ver daupirispirdnen somxebi da qarTvele-

bi, gaamagres ki cixeebi da qalaqebi da moelodebodnen mis mos-

vlas. xolo movida ra is adarbadaganSi, moaRwia sparselebamde

ambavma, rom mokles misi mamismama Turqebma da [rom] Semovid-

nen Turqebi sparseTSi. maSin miatova spandiatma brZola somx-

ebTan da qarTvelebTan, miubrunda Turqebs Tavisi mamismamis

sisxlis saZieblad.

da gaTavisufldnen somxebi da qarTvelebi.

amis Semdeg ramdenime weliwadSi gamefda sparseTSi spandi-

atis Ze, romelic aris saxelad barami [da], romelic cnobilia

ardaSirobiT141. es gandidda sparselTa yvela mefeze umetesad.

aman daipyro babilovani142 da asureTi143, moxarked aqcia ber-

Znebi da romaelebi144. da maSin qarTvelebi misive moxarke iyvnen.

da iyo qarTlSi aseTnairad aRreuli es yvela modgma da ismo-

da qarTlSi eqvsi ena: somxuri, qarTuli, xazaruli, asuruli,

ebrauli da berZnuli. es enebi icodnen qarTlSi myofebma, yve-

lam _ mamakacma da qalma.

Tavi [meoTxe]

aleqsandres Semosvla

es aleqsandre145 gamoCnda saberZneTis qveyanaSi _ qveyanaSi,

romelsac hqvia makedoni, egvipteli niktanebis Ze146, rogorc

weria misi ambavi berZnebis wignSi147. am aleqsandrem daipyro

qveynierebis yvela kide. es gamovida dasavleTidan da Sevida

samxreTiT, Semovida CrdiloeTiT, gadmoiara kavkasis [mTebi]

da movida qarTlSi148 da naxa mTeli qarTveloba rjuliT yvela

15

modgmaze uborotesi. radgan col-qmrobisTvisa da siZvisTvis

arad miaCndaT naTesaoba, yvela suliers Wamdnen, mkvdars Wamd-

nen, rogorc mxecebi da pirutyvebi, romelTa qcevis warmoTqmac

[ki] uxamsobaa149. da ixila ra es sastiki warmarTi modgma, romel-

sac Cven bunTurqebs da yivCaRebs vuwodebT, mosaxle mtkvris

mdinareze miyolebiT, gaukvirda es [maTi yofa] aleqsandres,

radgan aranairi modgma ar sCadioda amas da eneba, rom aRmoefx-

vra isini im qalaqebidan, magram im dros ver SeZlo, radgan naxa

magari cixeebi da Zlieri qalaqebi. kidev gamovidnen qaldevel-

Ta sxva modgmebi da dasaxldnen isinic qarTlSi.

amis Semdeg gaZlierda aleqsandre da daipyro mTeli qveyana

da amovida qarTlis qveyanaSi. da naxa es Zlieri cixe-qalaqebi

SuaqarTlSi: wunda150, mtkvris xerTvisi151, Rado152 kldeze Sekidu-

li oZrxe153, Tuxarisi speris mdinareze154, romelsac hqvia Woroxi,

urbnisi155, kaspi156 da ufliscixe157, qalaqi didi mcxeTa da misi ub-

nebi, sarkine, cixedidi da zanavi, uriaTa ubani158 da rusTavi da

dedacixe, samSvilde da mtveriscixe, romelic aris xunani da kax-

eTis qalaqebi. yvela am cixe-qalaqSi naxa sastikad mebrZoli kace-

bi. da gayo Tavisi laSqari da yvela am cixe-qalaqs gareSemoartya

da TviTon dadga mcxeTaSi. da dauyena laSqari imier da amier, ze-

moT da qvemoT da TviTon dadga qsanze, adgilze, romelsac hqvia

nastakisi159. xolo mtveriscixesa da Tuxariss ar SeebrZola,

radgan ver SeZlebda dapyrobas. xolo sxva es cixeebi da qalaqebi

daipyro eqvs TveSi, xolo sarkineli bunTurqebidan zogma agina

mefes. gauwyra [bunTurqebs] aleqsandre da aRar ineba zavi da maTi

vedreba ar Seiwynara da uTxra maT: `radgan magineT me, es iqneba

Tqveni sanacvlo, rom dagxocavT yvelas~. da garSemoertya qalaq

sarkines da versaidan gaerida erTi kacic ki. xolo sarkinelebs

gauWirdaT, radgan ebrZoda [aleqsandre] TerTmeti Tve160. daiwyes

farulad kldis kafva da gaxvrites is klde, romelic rbili iyo

da advilad saxvreti. da gaikrifnen im xvrelSi sarkinelebi Rame

da Serbodnen kavkasiaSi da datoves carieli qalaqi161. daipyro

aleqsandrem mTeli qarTli da mospo qarTlSi myofi yvela is aR-

16

reuli modgma da is ucxo modgmebi mospo da daatyveva da qalebi

da umecari ymawvilebi, TxuTmet welze umcrosebi; da datova

qarTlosianTa modgma da datova maTze patrikad [kaci] saxelad

azoni162, iaredosis Ze163, misi sanaTesao makedonis qveynidan164.

da misca asiaTasi kaci romis qveynidan, romelsac hqvia frota-

Tosi165. es frotaToselebi iyvnen Zlieri da mxne kacebi da emone-

bodnen166 romis qveyanas. da moiyvana qarTlSi, misca [isini] patrik

azons da datova qarTlSi erisTavad azoni da masTan is spa, qarT-

lis mflobelad167 da ubrZana aleqsandrem azons, rom pativi scen

mzes da mTvares da xuT varskvlavs da emsaxuron uxilav RmerTs,

yovelives dambadebels. radgan im dros ar iyo winaswarmetyveli

da WeSmariti rjulis moZRvari, romelic aswavlida da amxelda,

aramed TviTon moigona es rjuli aleqsandrem, Tavis mefobisas

mTel qveyanas es rjuli dauwesa da wavida aleqsandre.

xolo am azonma moarRvia zRudeebi qa laq mcxeTas safuZ-

vliTurT da datova is oTxi cixe, romelic idga qarTlis

piras: Tavadi cixe, romelic armazia; da erTi cixe _ armaz-

is qimis dasasruls; da erTi _ mcxeTis Tavze; meoTxe cixe

dasavleTiT _ mcxeTa mtkvarze. eseni Semoimtkica da gaavso

isini laSqriT da qarTlis yvela qalaqs moarRvia zRudeebi

da daipyro qarTlis yvela sazRvari, hereTidan da berdujis

mdinaridan vidre speris zRvamde. da daipyro qarTls zemoT

egrisic da moxarked aqcia osebi, lekebi da xazarebi.

da rom wavida aleqsandre egvipteSi, aaSena qalaqi aleqsan-

dria da Tormet wlamde moiara mTeli qveyniereba, Tormet we-

liwadSi daepyro qveynierebis yoveli kide. da meTormete wels

aleqsandriaSi mokvdao is, uTanasworo didi xelmwife168. da

roca kvdeboda igi, missave sicocxleSi gauSva is mTavrebi, rom-

lebic Sepyrobilni da damonebulni iyvnen misgan. da isini wav-

idnen Tav-Tavis qalaqSi, rogorc nabrZanebi iyo. mere moiyvana

oTxi kaci, misi tomisa, romlebic iyvnen saxelad: antioxozi169,

hromosi170, bizintiosi171 da platoni172. da misca antioqoss

asurastani da somxeTi, da aRmosavleTis mxare miuCina mas. da

17

man aaSena Tavisi saxeliT qalaqi antioqia173. xolo hromoss mis-

ca Trimikosi, da miuCina dasavleTis mxare. da man aaSena qalaqi

romi174. da biz intioss misca saberZneTi da qarTli, da miuCina

CrdiloeTis mxare. da mowera anderZis werili azon patriks

qarTlis eris Tavs, rom emsaxuros is bizintioss175. da man aaSena

qalaqi bizintia, romelsac axla hqvia konstantinepoli176. xolo

platoni datova aleqsandriaSi. da mokvda aleqsandre.

xolo am azonma miatova aleqsandres mocemuli rjuli,

daiwyo kerpTmsaxureba da Seqmna vercxlis ori kerpi: gaci da

gaimi177. da emoneboda igi bizintioss, saberZneTis mefes. iyo

[azoni] magari da mrisxane kaci da es daawesa da ubrZana Tavis

spas, rom: `yovelma qarTvelTaganma, romelmac iqonios iaraRi,

mokaliT igi~. da ake Tebdnen is romaelebi ase qarTvelebze da

vinc ki gamoCndeboda qarTvelTagani moxdenil taniani, klavd-

nen mas. da iyo didi gaWirveba qarTvelTa modgmaze. da es azoni

im romaelebzec mosisxle iyo da moespo mravali maTgani.

farnavazis cxovreba,

romelic iyo qarTlis pirveli mefe,

qarTlosiani

im dros iyo erTi Wabuki mcxeTa qalaqSi, romelsac erqva

farnavazi178. es farnavazi iyo mamiT qarTveli, naTesavi uflo-

sis, mcxeTosis Zis da dediT _ sparsi aspaneli179. da iyo igi

Zmiswuli samarisi180, romelic aleqsandres mosvlisas mcxeTeli

mamasaxlisi181 yofiliyo. es samari da misi Zma, farnavazis mama,

moiklnen aleqsandres mier. xolo farnavazis dedas waeyvana

farnavazi, sami wlis ymawvili da Tavi Seefarebina kavkasiaSi. da

iq gazrdiliyo da mosuliyo mcxeTaSi Tavis mamulSi. xolo es

farnavazi iyo kaci gonieri, mxedari da mamaci da daxelovneb-

uli monadire. da malavda igi Tavis sikarges azonis SiSis gamo.

xolo Tavisi monadireobiT gaxda azonis nacnobi da Seiyvara

18

igi azonma monadireobisTvis. evedreboda farnavazs dedamisi:

`Cemo Svilo, moeride azons da Seni Tavis nuranair sikarges nu

gamoaCen, rom ar mogklan Sen~. da iyo SiSi da Zrwola masze.

da roca gaxSirda azonis SiSi maTze, uTxra farnavazs de-

damisma: ̀ Cemo Svilo, datove Seni mamebis samyofeli da wamiyvane

Cems mamulSi, aspanSi, Cems ZmebTan da gaeridebi Sen cocxali

azons xelidan~. da mtkiced ganizraxes es, wasuliyvnen aspanSi.

uWirda farnavazs Tavisi mamebis samyofelis datoveba, ma-

gram didi SiSis gamo gadawyvita wasvla.

maSin ixila farnavazma sizmari, TiTqos iyo igi ukacriel

saxlSi da [guliT] undoda gasvla da ver gavida. maSin Semovida

mis sarkmelSi mzis Suqi da Semoertya mis wels da gaizida da gai-

yvana im sarkmelSi. da roca gavida velze, ixila mze qvemoT Camo-

suli, mihyo [farnavazma] Tavisi xeli, mohxoca misi saxis cvari

da icxo Tavis saxeze182.

gaiRviZa farnavazma da gaukvirda da Tqva: `is sizmari es

aris, [rom] me waval aspanSi da iq sikeTes vewevi~.

xolo im dReebSi gavida farnavazi da nadirobda marto da

daedevna irmebs diRmis velze. da garbodnen irmebi tfilisis

xev-xuvebSi. misdevda farnavazi, styorcna isari da dahkra irems.

da cota gaiara iremma da daeca kldis Ziras. mivida farnavazi

iremTan; da is dRe [ukve] SeRamebuli iyo; CamoqveiTTa da dajda im

iremTan, rom iq daeyo Rame da dilasRa wasuliyo. xolo im kldis

ZirSi iyo gamoqvabuli, romlis karebic amoqolili iyo qviT Zve-

lad da siZvelis gamo narRvevi gasCenoda im naSenebs. maSin wamoasxa

Zlierma wvimam. xolo farnavazma amoiRo Cuglugi183 da gamoarRvia

im gamoqvabulis kari, rom iq SigniT gamSralebuliyo im wvimisgan

da Sevida im gamoqvabulSi. da naxa iq warmoudgeneli ganZi, oqro

da vercxli da oqrosa da vercxlis warmoudgeneli nivTebi.

maSin farnavazs gaukvirda da aivso sixaruliT. da gaaxsenda

is sizmari da dagmana gamoqvabulis kari iseve da swrafad wamovi-

da da uTxra Tavis dedas da Tavis or das. da imave Rames wamovid-

nen is samnive saxedrebiTa da WurWlebiT da daiwyes gamotana im

19

ganZis da daflva Tavis sacavSi. xolo roca gaTendeboda, kvlav

iseve amoqolavdnen im gamoqvabulis kars. da ase gamokribes is

ganZi xuTi Rame da Seinaxes TavianT sacavSi.

maSin farnavazma gagzavna Tavis mona qujisTan184 da uTxra: `me

var Camomavali uflosis, mcxeTosis Zisa, da Zmiswuli samara mama-

sax lisisa da aris CemTan didZali simdidre. axla inebe, rom am sim-

didriT movide SenTan da viyoT Cven Zmebi da vixmaroT is sim did -

re orTavem. gamovuCndeT Cven mtrad azon erisTavs da Cvenma bedma

mogvces Cven kargi gamarjveba.~185 maSin gaixara qujim didi sixaru-

liT da uTxra: ̀ adeqi da modi CemTan da nu daiSureb Sens sim didres

da Seni simdidriT gagimravleb Sen spas, vidre gamovCn de biT azo-

nis mtrad. maSin gaixarebs mTeli qarTveloba misgan da xo cilebi

da amowyvetilebi. da mgoni, romelime im romaelTaga nic186 Semogvi-

erTdeba, radgan uricxvi maTganic aris daxocili azo nis mier~187.

maSin farnavazi farulad wavida sixaruliT da rac SesaZle-

beli iyo im ganZidan, Tan waiRo, da dedaca da Tavisi debic Tan

[waiyvana]. da mivida qujisTan da uTxra mas qujim: `Sen xar Svili

qarTlis meTaurebisa da Sen gmarTebs Cemi batonoba188. axla nu

daiSureb Sens qonebas, rom gavamravloT spa da Tuki mogvecema

gamarjveba, Sen xar Cveni batoni da me var Seni mona~.

maSin SeerTdnen da moeTaTbirnen osebsa da lekebs. xolo

maT gaixares, radgan ar ewadaT xarkis micema azonisTvis189. da

gamohyvnen osebi da lekebi, da gaimravles spa. egri sidan Seikri-

ba uricxvi spa da gamoemarTa azonisken, azonma ki mouwoda Tavis

spas da Semoikriba.

maSin aTasi rCeuli mxedari im romaelTagan, romlebsac

boroteba SemTxveodaT azonisgan, ganudgnen azons da movidnen

farnavazis winaSe. maSin yvela qarTveli ganudga azons. xolo im

spas, romelic darCa azons, veRar miendo igi, radgan yvelasT-

vis boroteba hqonda gakeTebuli. wavida azoni da mivida klar-

jeTSi da gamagrda igi klarjeTis simagreebSi190.

xolo movida farnavazi mcxeTaSi da daipyro mcxeTis is oTxi

cixe. da imave weliwads daipyro mTeli qarTli garda klar-

20

jeTisa. am farnavazma miavlina Suamavlebi asurastanis mefis an-

tioqosis191 winaSe da gaugzavna didZali ZRveni. da aRuTqva mas

msaxureba da iTxova misgan Semweoba berZnebis winaaRmdeg. xolo

antioqosma miiRo misi ZRveni da uwoda Tavis Svilad da gamoug-

zavna gvirgvini. da ubrZana somxeTis erisTavebs, rom SeSvele-

bodnen farnavazs192.

xolo meore wels azonma SemoierTa spa saberZneTidan193,

gaZli er da Zalian da gamoemarTa farnavazisken. xolo farnavazs

gaem rav le bina qarTlis mxedroba, mouwoda maT da mouxmo qujis

da osebs. da Seikribnen yvela eseni da SemouerTdnen antioqozis

eris Ta ve bi somxeTidan. da es yvela Sekriba farnavazma da miege-

ba arta nis na qa laqevTan194, romelsac erqva maSin qajTa qalaqi,

romelic aris hu ri195. da SeebrZolnen iq da moxda Zlieri br-

Zola. da amowyda ori ve mxri dan uricxvi. xolo daZleul iqnen

berZnebi farnavazis mier, gar boda maTi banaki. da mokles azoni

da maTi uricxvi spa mospes da daatyveves.

da wavida farnavazi da moaoxra saberZneTis sazRvari

anZianZo ra196 da eklecidan197 Semobrunda, movida klarjeTSi da

daipyro kla r jeTi198 da wamovida mcxeTaSi didi sixaruliT199.

xolo mis sim di dreze daemata azonis qonebac200 da dagrovda me-

tismeti simdid re.

xolo egriswylis qvemoT [teritoria] darCa berZnebs201, rad-

gan im adgilebis mkvidrebma ar inebes berZnebisgan gandgoma. ma-

Sin farnavazma misca Tavisi da osebis mefes colad da meore da

misca qujis colad202. da misca qujis qveyana egriswyalsa da ri-

ons Sua203, zRvidan mTamde, romelSic aris egrisi da svaneTi da

daamtkica igi erisTavad iq. da iq qujim aaSena cixegoji204.

maSin farnavazi uSiSari Seiqna Tavisi yvela mtris mimarT da

gamefda mTel qarTlsa da egurze da gaamravla yvela qarTlo-

siani mxedari, gaamwesa rva erisTavi da spaspeti205.

erTi gagzavna margvis erisTavad da misca mcire mTidan,

romelic aris lixi, vidre zRvamde, rions zemoT206. da amave far-

navazma aaSena ori cixe, Sorapani207 da dimna208.

21

da gagzavna meore kaxeTis erisTavad da misca aragvidan vi-

dre hereTamde, romelic aris kaxeTi da kuxeTi.

mesame gagzavna xunanis erisTavad da misca berdujis mdinari-

dan vidre tfilisamde da gaCianamde, romelic aris gardabani209.

meoTxe gagzavna samSvildis erisTavad da misca skvireTis

mdinaridan vidre mTamde, romelic aris taSiri da aboci.

mexuTe gagzavna wundis erisTavad da misca fanavaridan vidre

mtkvris Tavamde, romelic aris javaxeTi da kola da artani.

meeqvse gagzavna oZrxis erisTavad da misca tasiskaridan vi-

dre arsianamde, nostis Tavidan zRvamde, romelic aris samcxe

da aWara.

meSvide gagzavna klarjeTis erisTavad da misca arsianidan

zRvamde.

da merve, quji, iyo egrisis eris Tavi.

xolo erTi daayena spaspetad da misca tfilisidan da aragvi-

dan vidre tasiskaramde da fanavaramde, romelic aris Sidaqar-

Tli. da es spaspeti iyo yovelTvis mefis winaSe da mTavrulad

gamgeblobda yvela erisTavze.

xolo am erisTavebis daqvemdebarebaSi, adgil-adgil, gaam-

wesa spasalarebi210 da aTasisTavebi211 da yvela maTganisgan mo-

dioda samefo da saeris Tavo xarki212.

ase daawesa es yvelaferi farnavazma sparselebis samefos

msgavsad213. da moiyvana coli durZukelebis[gan], kavkasis Camo-

mavali214. am farnavazma SemozRuda qalaqi mcxeTa mtkiced da

qarTlis yvela qalaqi da cixe, aleqsandresgan mooxrebuli,

aman aaSena. da veRar iZies Suri berZnebma masze, radgan moucle-

lebi iyvnen berZnebi romaelebTan brZolis gamo215. da amave far-

navazma Seqmna didi kerpi Tavis saxelze. es aris armazi, radgan

farnavazs sparsulad armazi erqva216. aRmarTa is kerpi, armazi

qarTlis [mTis] Tavze da im droidan ewoda armazi im kerpis gamo.

da Caatara didi dResaswauli im aRmarTuli kerpisTvis. ocdaS-

vidi wlisa gamefda da samocdaxuTi weli mefobda nebierad217.

da emsaxureboda igi antioqoss, asurastanis mefes da mTeli

22

Tavisi dReebi, rac [mefed] dajda mSvidobiT gaatara da aaSena

da gaavso qarTli. xolo gazafxulisa da Semodgomis drois

Tveebs dahyofda mcxeTaSi, samefo qalaqSi da zamTris Tveebs

dahyofda gaCianebSi, xolo zafxulis Tveebs _ wundaSi. da

drodadro midioda egrisSi da klarjeTSi da moikiTxavda me-

grelebsa da klarjebs218 da ganagebda yvela aSlil saqmes. xolo

is romaelebi, aTasi mxedari, romlebic azonisgan SemouerT dnen

farnavazs, romelic zemoT vaxseneT, isini gaanawila xevebsa da

mxareebSi, up at rona maT kargad, radgan azonTan brZolaSi mama-

curad iyvnen. da uwoda maT saxelad aznaurebi219.

da rac wavida aleqsandre, aRar Wamdnen [qarTvelebi] adami-

ans, garda imisa, romelsac Seswiravdnen kerps msxverplad. iyo

mosveneba da sixaruli mTel qarTlze farnavazis mefobis gamo

da amas ambobda yvela: `vmadlobT Cvens beds, rom mogvca Cven

mefe Cveni mamebis CamomavalTagan da mogvixsna ucxo xalxebi-

sgan xarki da Wiri~.

da es yvelaferi aRasrula farnavazma sibrZniTa da siqveliT,

simxniTa da simdidriT. hyavda Ze da uwoda saxeli saurmagi.

da es farnavazi iyo pirveli mefe qarTlSi qarTlosis Camo-

mavalTagani. aman gaavrcela qarTuli ena da aRar ilaparakebo-

da sxva ena qarTlSi, garda qarTulisa.

da aman Seqmna qarTuli mwignobroba220.

da mokvda farnavazi da damarxes armazis kerpis winaSe.

meore mefe saurmagi

da amis nacvlad gamefda misi Ze saurmagi221.

im dros moiTaTbires qarTlis erisTavebma da Tqves: `ar

aris kargi CvenTvis, rom vemsaxurebodeT Cvens naTesavs, aramed

viyoT erTad da movklaT Cven saurmagi da viyoT Cven Tavisu-

flebi, rogorc viyaviT Tavdapirvelad da mivceT xarki, vinc

ki gamoCndeba Zlieri. radgan aseTi yofiT ufro movisvenebT~.

23

daamtkices [TavianTi] ganzraxva da saurmagis mokvla222. xolo

igrZno saurmagma da wavida farulad da garboda, waiyvana Tan

dedamisi da mivida durZukebis qveyanaSi, Tavis dedisZmebTan.

maSin is romaelebis aznaurebi wavidnen da mividnen dur-

ZukeTSive da uTxres saurmags: `mamaSenis didi sikeTea Cvenze.

amitom varT Cven mtkice Sens erTgulebaSi~.

maSin saurmagi moeTaTbira osebis mefes, Tavis mamisdiswuls

da iTxova daxmareba. xolo igi sixaruliT wavida mis saSvelad.

da saurmagma Sekriba durZukeTic da gamoemarTa qarTve lebze

da veravin daupirispirda mas.

da daipyro qarTli da mospo misgan gandgomilebi da zogsac

Seundo, xolo daamdabla qarTlosianebi da daawinaura aznaure-

bi, xolo gaamravla [qveyanaSi] durZukebi, kavkasis Camomavlebi.

xolo xazarebis im tyveobisas, yvelani mSvidobiT gadarCenil-

iyvnen qveynis simagris gamo da veRar itevda [maT] durZukeTi.

maSin am saurmagma wamoiyvana isini, kavkasis mTeli modgmis

naxevari da romelime maTgani daawinaura da sxvebi daasaxla mTi-

uleTSi, didoeTidan223 vidre egrisamde, romelic aris svaneTi

da eseni hyavda Tavis sando [xalxad], dedulelebi.

da dajda saurmagi mcxeTaSi mefed da umata mcxeTisa da qar-

Tlis yvela simagres. da man Seqmna ori kerpi: ainina da danana da

aRmarTa mcxeTis gzaze224.

da emsaxureboda igi asurastanis mefes225. da moiyvana coli

sparseli, bardaveli erisTavis asuli226. da hyavda masTan ori

asuli da ar hyavda Ze.

maSin moiyvana sparseTidan nebroTis Svili227, misi colis

sanaTesaodan, dedis diswuli, da aiyvana is Svilad, romelsac

saxelad erqva mirvani. da misca Tavisi asuli colad228, [misca]

qalaqi gaCiani da samSvildis saerisTavo da erTi asuli misca

qujis Zes, Tavisi mamis diswuls229.

mefobda saurmagi bednierad mra val wels. da mokvda saur-

magi230 da gamefda mis nacvlad misi Svilobili mirvani.

24

mesame mefe mirvani,

nebroTiani

es mirvani231 iyo taniT sruli, mSve nieri, Zlieri, mxne da qveli.

amis me fobisas durZukebma daiviwyes farn a vazisa da saurmagis si-

yvaruli. da gadmovidnen durZukeTSi myofni da Tan mi uerTdnen

WarTaleTSi mkvidri kav k a si elebi, moaoxres kaxeTi da bazaleT i.

maSin mirvan mefem mouwoda qarTlis yvela erisTavs da Semo kriba

mTeli spa, mxedari da qveiTi da yvela kavkasieli, romlebic gad-

mosaxlebuli iyvnen saurmag mefis mier, iyvnen namdvilad mirvanis

morCilebaSi, garda WarTalebisa. Semokriba es yvela da gaemarTa

durZu ke Tisken. Seikribnen durZukebi da da u d gnen [mirvans] im

gzis gadasasvlelebis simagreebSi. maSin mirvani gadavida cxeni-

dan, mivida Tavis qveiTebTan da gauZRva win qveiTebs, zurgidan

gamoayola mxedrebi da mivida im karibWeebSi, rogorc jiqi si-

ficxiT, rogorc vefxvi simxniT, rogorc lomi ZaxiliT. Seiqna maT

Soris Zlieri brZola. xolo mirvans ver kveTda durZukTa maxvi-

li, rogorc sip kldes da idga uZravad, rogorc mtkice koSki. da

gagrZelda maT So ris brZola da amowyda orive mxridan uricxvi.

xolo daiZlivnen dur Zukebi da gaiqcnen. mi hyvnen ukan qarT v-

e l ebi, mospes da daatyveves. da Sevida mirvani durZukeTSi da

moaoxra durZukeTi da WarTali. da Seaba qviTkiris kari da uwoda

[mas] saxelad darubali232.

da dajda mirvani mcxeTaSi, mefobda nebierad da uSiSrad.

iyo sikeTis uxvad mimniWebeli kaci. da Seiyvara igi qarTlis

yvela mkvidrma. da emsaxureboda igi asurastanelebis mefes233.

amis zeobis dros gadainacvla antioqis mefobam babilovanSi234.

da im dros gamefda somxeTSi [kaci], romelsac erqva arSaki235.

moeTaTbira mirvani arSaks da misca Tavisi asuli arSakis Zes,

arSaks236.

da mokvda mirvani da gamefda mis nacvlad misi Ze, farnajomi.

25

meoTxe mefe, farnajomi,

nebroTiani

am farnajom237 mefem umata yvela cixe-qalaqis Senebas da aman

aaSena cixe zadeni238 da Seqmna kerpi saxelad zadeni239 da aRmarTa

zadenze da daiwyo kaxeTSi qalaq nelqaris Seneba, romelic aris

nekresi. amis Semdeg Seiyvara sparselTa rjuli - cecxlismsax-

ureba, moiyvana sparseTidan cecxlismsaxurebi da mogvebi da

dasva isini mcxeTaSi, im adgilas, romelsac axla hqvia mogvTa,

da daiwyo cxadad kerpebis gmoba240. amisTvis moiZules igi qarT-

lis mkvidrebma, radgan didi imedi hqondaT kerpebisadmi.

maSin SeiTqva qarTlis erisTavTa umravlesoba, da miavlines

maT Suamavali somxebis mefis winaSe da uTxres: `Cveni mefe gada-

vida Cveni mamebis rjulidan, aRar emsaxureba qarTlis mpyro-

bel RmerTebs, SemoiRo mamiseuli rjuli da miatova dediseu-

li rjuli. axla aRar aris igi Cveni mefobis Rirsi. mogveci Seni

Ze arSaki, romelsac hyavs colad farnavazianTa, Cvens mefeTa

Camomavali. mogvaSvele Seni Zala da gavaqcioT farnajomi, axa-

li rjulis SemomRebi da iyos Cvens mefed Seni Ze, arSaki da Cvens

dedoflad misi coli, Cveni mefeebis Svili~.

maSin moewona somxebis mefes es ganzraxva, gagzavna maTi

Suamavali kargi pasuxiT da uTxra maT: `Tuki WeSmaritad ubiwo

guliT gnebavT Tqvens mefed Cemi Ze, Tqven, yvela erisTavma, mo-

meciT me mZevali da mogcemT Cems Zes Tqvens mefed da yovelg-

vari saboZvariT agavsebT~.

maSin qarTlis erisTavebis umravlesobam misca mZevlebi da

ganacxades farnajomisgan gandgoma. maSin somxebis mefe mTeli

misi ZaliT gamoemarTa qarTlSi.

xolo farnajom mefem mouwoda sparselebs da moiyvana

Zlieri sparse lebi da vinc darCenoda, Semokriba [is] qar-

Tvelebic. xolo qarTlis gandgomili erisTavebi miegebnen

somxebis mefes taSirSi da iq Seikriba somxebisa da qarTvelebis

simravle. xolo farnajomic miegeba [maT] iqve taSirSi. Seiqna

26

maT Soris Zlieri brZola, amowyda orive mxridan uricxvi, rad-

gan daiZlia farnajomi somxebisa da qarTvelebisgan. da moklul

iqna farnajomi da mospes misi spa241.

xolo farnajomis Ze, mirvani, erTi wlis ymawvili, waiyvana

misma mamamZuZem da gaiqca sparseTSi. xolo somxebis mefem misca

[qarTvelebs] Tavisi Ze, arSaki.

mexuTe mefe arSaki,

arSakuniani

dajda mefed arSaki242 da daipyro mTeli qarTli. da mefobda

igi nebierad da umata qarTlis yvela simagres da umetesad Se-

moamtkica zRudeebi javaxeTSi qalaq wundas.

mokvda arSaki da gamefda misi Ze, artagi.

meeqvse mefe artagi,

arSakuniani

da es mefe artagi243 mxolod or wels mefobda da misi mefo-

bis meore wels movidnen sparselebis erisTavebi didi spiT far-

najomisa da sparselebis im spaTa sisxlis saZieblad, romlebic

amowyvites farnajomTan erTad. win ver aRudga maT artagi,

qarTvelebis mefe, radgan didi iyo sparselebis Zala, magram

gaamagra man cixeebi da qalaqebi. da moiares sparselebma mTeli

qarTli da moaoxres velebi, magram vercerTi cixe-qalaqi ver

waarTves da wavidnen244.

mokvda artagi da dajda mis nacvlad misi Ze, bartomi.

27

meSvide mefe, bartomi,

arSakuniani

am bartom245 mefem umata mcxeTis zRudeebs da qarTlis yvela

simagres.

xolo aRzardes sparselebma farnajomis Ze, mirvani,

romelic farnajomis sikvdilisas waeyvana Tavis mamamZuZes,

romelic vaxseneT Tavdapirvelad. es mirvani iyo kaci mamaci,

mxne, mxedari da mravalgzis gamocdili Turqebisa da arabe-

bis brZolaSi. am mirvanma Sekriba Zlieri spa sparseTSi, gae-

marTa qarTlSi da mougzavna Suamavali qarTlis eris Tavebs

da uTxra maT: `gaixseneT im mamaCemis, mirvanis246 siyvaruli da

Tqvens mimarT misi sikeTe. TumcaRa mamaCemma SemoiRo ucxo

rjuli Tqvens Soris da misganac gqondaT sikeTe. samarTli-

anad moikla mamaCemi, radgan kargad ver daiWira Tqveni mame-

bis rjuli da axla nu aris SiSi da sazrunavi Tqvens gulebSi

mamaCemis sikvdilisTvis, radgan rjulis datovebisaTvis

klaven mamebi Svilebs da Zmebi Zmebs da ar iZieba rjulis da-

tovebisTvis moklulTa sisxli. me var Tqveni mefeebis Svili,

farnavaziani, TumcaRa aRzrdili var sparselebTan, aramed

var me Tqveni mamebis rjulze da imedi maqvs me qarTlis mpy-

robeli RmerTebisa da maTi imediT movdivar Cemi mamulis

saZieblad. axla miiTvaleT Cemgan dideba da sikeTe Tqven,

yvela qarTvelma~247. xolo qarTlis erisTavebma ar Seiwynares

mirvanis brZaneba, aramed yvela mivida bartom mefis winaSe.

xolo cotaodeni vinme qarTveli, ara warCinebulebi, wavid-

nen da miuerTdnen mirvans. xolo bartom mefem Semokriba qar-

Tlis mTeli spa da SemoierTa Zala somxeTidan da miegeba is

xunanSi da zurgad daikava qalaqi xunani.

movida mirvani da dadga berdujis mdinareze. da daiwyes

brZola. da gamoCndnen orive ]mxares] Soris bumberazebi. iyo

yoveldRe bumberazTa brZola erTi Tve: xan [eseni] sZlevdnen

maT da xan [isini] sZlevdnen amaT.

28

xolo am erT TveSi am mirvanma TavisTavad mokla qarTveleb-

isa da somxebis cameti bumberazi da aravin gamoCnda qarTve-

lebsa da somxebs Soris mirvanis mZleveli da verc Tavad mefe

bartomi ebrZoda mas, radgan ar hqonda mas goliaTobis Zala.

maSin bartom mefem gaawyo Tavisi spa da Seutia mTeli spiT

mirvans da iqidan mirvani moegeba mTeli spiT. da Seiqna maT Soris

Zlieri brZola. amowyda orive mxridan uricxvi da daiZlivnen

somxebi da qarTvelebi sparselebisgan, da mokles bartomi,

qarTvelebis mefe. xolo am bartom mefes ar hyavda Ze, aramed

erTi asuli, da Tavis sicocxleSive moeyvana mas egrisidan qujis

Ziswuli, saxelad qarTami, romelsac mosdgamda farnavazianoba

farnavazis dis, qujis colisagan da dedamisis, saurmagis asu-

lis, qujis Zis colisagan. da am egriseli qarTamisTvis mieca

Tavisi asuli colad bartom mefes da aeyvana es Svilad. da es

qarTvelebis mosawoneblad eqna bartoms, radgan qarTvelebs

didi siyvaruli hqondaT farnavazianebis mimarT da ar undodaT

sxva modgmis mefoba, romelsac ar mosdgamda farnavazianoba248.

xolo es qarTami, bartom mefis Zed Svilobili, imave brZo-

laSi moikla bartomTan erTad, xolo misi coli, bartomis asu-

li, fexmZime darCa, gaiqca da wavida somxeTSi da iq Sva vaJi da

uwoda saxelad aderki. da izrdeboda is iq.

xolo rodesac mokla mirvanma bartomi da Semovida qarTlSi

da daipyro mTeli qarTli, vinc darCenili iyo qarTlis erisTa-

vi cixeebsa da simagreebSi, misca maT fici da aRTqma da gamoiy-

vana yvelani. da iZulebiT gamoiyvana bartomis coli samSvil-

didan da SeirTo colad, romelic arSakunianebisave Svili iyo.

da dajda igi mcxeTaSi.

merve mefe mirvani

da nebierad mefobda mcire xans da mokvda249. da dajda mis

nacvlad misi Ze arSaki.

29

mecxre mefe, arSak meore,

mirvanis Ze, nebroTiani

xolo es arSak mefe250 iyo dediT arSakuniani da mamiT ne-

broTiani da farnavaziani. am arSakma gaamSveniera nelqari, kax-

eTis qalaqi, romelic aris nekresi251 da miumata ufliscixis

simagres252. da iyo es ZaliT Zlieri, didi da goliaTi.

xolo es aderki, qarTamis Ze, bartom mefis asuliswuli,

romelic vaxseneT zemoT, aRzardes somxeTSi. da iyo kaci aR-

nagobiT mSvenieri, taniT didi da goliaTi, mravalgzis iyo

gamocdili somxebisa da asurelebis brZolaSi. da mas moekla

mravali bumberazi da saxelovani gamxdariyo igi. am aderkim

moiTxova spa somxebis mefisgan da [manac] misca mas [spa] da gamoe-

marTa, qarTvelTa mefe arSakze, Tavis dedisZmaze. xolo arSakma

Semokriba qarTlis yvela erisTavi, SemoierTa Zala sparseTidan

da miegeba win. da Seikriba orive spa TrialeTSi da daibanakes

erTmaneTis maxloblad. sTxova arSakma TavisTan brZola ader-

kis, xolo aderki sixaruliT aRiWurva mSvenieri saWurvliT da

dajda taiWze da uTxra Tavis spas: `gamimagreT Cemi zurgis mx-

are da nu SeSindebiT~. da gavida aseve arSaki, aRiWurva da gavida

mebrZolTa Soris. daiZaxa orivem sastiki xmiT da Seuties erT-

maneTs. da daiwyo orivem SubiT kvra da ver kveTdnen erTmaneTis

saWurvels. da brZolis gangrZobisas gautydaT Subebi, amoiRes

Cuglugebi da daiwyes brZola CuglugebiT. roca miaxeTqebd-

nen im Cuglugs TavianT saWurvelze, es msgavsi iyo uros xmisa,

romelsac scems mWedeli grdemlze, da maTi Zaxilis xma msgavsi

iyo quxilisa.

maSin ver sZlies erTmaneTs, daiRalnen da ukudgnen iqiT da

aqeT. daRamda is dRe da daisvena orTavem da diliT kvlav gamov-

idnen da aiRes mSvildebi da daiwyes erTmaneTis devna da Semus-

rva. dahkra aderkim isari arSakis mkerds da veRar daifara igi

saWurvlis simagrem da gavida zurgidan. da Camovarda arSaki cx-

enidan. Semobrunda aderki swrafad da mivida somxeTis spasTan

30

da uTxra maT: `gaficeb Tqven RmerTebs, nu mimarTavT Tqvens

maxvilebs qarTvelebze, radgan Cemi Tanamemamuleebi arian. da

axla me var maTi mefe, Tqveni ZaliTa da SemweobiT~. Seismines

somxebma misi vedreba da gaCerdnen adgilze. Semobrunda da mov-

ida aderki qarTvelebis spis maxloblad. da dauZaxa xmamaRla:

`me var Tqveni mefeebis Svili da Cems beds moucia mefoba CemT-

vis. axla miiReT Cemgan sikeTe da sixaruli. aha, ai aRar movuS-

veb somxebis spas Tqvenze~. maSin miuges qarT velebma: `Sen gamoC-

ndi umjobesi farnavazis yvela Camomavals Soris, rodidanac

mokvda es Cveni mefe. axla Sen xar Cveni mefe da vmadlobT Cvens

beds, radgan mogveca am Cveni mefis sazRaurad Cveni mefeebisave

Svili, goliaTi da saxelovani~. da CamoqveiTda yvela qarT-

veli, daecnen pirqve da Tayvani sces aderkis. da mSvidobianad

Seikribnen erTad somxebi da qarTvelebi da ranis sparselebi da

moitanes qarT velebma arSakis gvirgvini da daadges aderkis da

wamoiyvanes.

meaTe mefe aderki, bartomis Ze,

arSakuniani

da am aderkim253 daipyro mTeli qveyana _ qarTli da egrisi

da misca somxebis mefem Tavisi asuli colad da dajda mcxeTaSi

da mefobda kargad. ocdaaTi wlis gamefda da ormocdaCvidmeti

weli mefobda254.

xolo misi mefobis pirvelsave wels iSva ufali Cveni ieso

qriste uriastanis beTlemSi255. da movidnen masTan mogvebi ZR-

venis Sesawirad256 da im mogvebis ierusalimSi Sesvlaisas movi-

da ambavi mcxeTaSi, rom `sparse lebma ierusalimi moaoxreso~

da uriebi, romlebic mcxeTaSi iyvnen, Seiqna maT Soris glova

da tirili, da Semdeg, meore wels, sxva ambavi movida, rom `is

sparselebi ara mosaoxreblad movidnen ierusalimSi, aramed [mo]

hqondaT ZRveni viRac [axal]Sobili ymawvilisTvis~. da gaixares

31

mcxeTelma uriebma. da amis Semdeg, rom gavida ocdaaTi weli,

movidnen uriebis Sikrikebi ierusalimidan mcxeTel uriebTan,

rom `visTvisac movidnen mogvebi da Sewires ZRveni, gazrdilia

igi da Tavis Tavs ambobs RvTis Zed. da axla gamogvigzavnia Cven

Sikrikebi yvela uriasTan, rom movidnen rjulis mecnierebi

da gavikiTxoT da vibWoT masze. da axla Tqvenganac wamovidnen

rjulis mecnierebi mandedan, rom Cveni mamebis rjuli Seucv-

leli davtovoT da ganvamtkicoT da moses mcneba aRvasru-

loT, rom im axali rjuliT, rasac gviqadagebs, ar Seacdinos

umartivesi vinme Cveni rjulisa, xolo misi sikvdiliTac

Suri viZioT.

maSin ki wavida eliozi, moxucebuli kaci257. xolo hyav-

da mas deda eli mRvdlis tomidan258 da aseve erTi da. xolo

wamsvlels evedreboda deda Tavis Zes, rom: `wadi maS, Svilo,

sayvarelo, mefis am mowodebaze da rjulis wesisamebr, ma-

gram mxolod es, romelsac Sen gaswavli, daimaxsovre, nuki

SeuerTdeba Seni go neba maT im borot ganzraxvas da nurc ez-

iarebi misi im sisxlis daTxevas; nu, Cemo Svilo, gevedrebi,

nu, radgan ueWvelad icode, rom igi aris winaswarmetyvelTa

sityva, ro melsac Tavdapirveladve moaswavebdnen259.

da wavidnen aqedan elioz mcxeTeli da longinoz karsneli260.

da iq Seeswrnen uflis jvarcmas. da maT wamoiRes iqidan uflis

kvarTi261, elioz mcxeTelma da longinoz karsnelma, rogorc

weria es cxadad `qarTlis moqcevaSi~262.

xolo roca ki ierusalimSi lursmavdnen ufals, lursm-

nebze kveris dartymisas myisve imav dros mcxeTaSi xma gaigo-

na eliozis dedam. xolo man saSineli kiviliT daiyvira da

Tqva: mSvidobiT, israelis mefobav, radgan ugunurebiT moka-

liT, ubadrukebo da warwyme di l ebo, yovelTa ufali da macx-

ovari, da gaxdiT Tqveni Semoqmedis borotad mkvlelebi. vai

Tqven, ubadrukebo! vin naxos iseTi glova, rom lis Rirsic

Tqven xarT, xolo uf ro ki vai me, radgan Cems sikvdilamde mo-

ismines Cemma yurebma yoveli mwuxarebis mosasmeneli~.

32

da myis am sity vaze maSinve gardaicvala is qali did da

gamouTqmel mwuxarebasa da gl o va Si. xolo rodesac uflis

im kvar T ze wili yares uRmerTo uriebma uflis jvarcmisas,

RvTis gangebulebam Seaxvedra mcxeTel uriebs.

da wamovida ierusalimidan eliozi da longinozi da wam-

oiRo is wminda kvarTi263. roca moitana eliozma mcxeTaSi, my-

isve win miegeba misi da godebiTa da saSineli tiriliT, crem-

liT dasvelebuli, da moexvia misi sasurveli Zmis yels, ma-

gram rodesac naxa yvela sasurvelze usasurvelesi _ Cveni

mxsnelis kvarTi, myisve mondomebiTa da siyvaruliT Seitkbo

Tavis mkerdze da maSinve suli ganu teva im netarma qalma sam-

nairi mizezis gamo: pir ve lad uflis sikv dilisa da misi vneb-

isaTvis; meored, radgan eziara misi Zma uflis sisxls; xolo

mesame, radgan gaaxsenda Tavisi dedis mwuxarebiT sik vdilic.

radgan yvela mw u xareba erTbaSad Semo ekriba, amitomac dai-

Zlia adamianuri bunebisgan da sikv d i li miesaja didi mwux-

arebis tkivi li sgan.

maSin is didi sakvirveli ambavi gaism a mTel qalaq mcxeTa-

Si da roca cnobili gax da, mefesac da yvela mTavars, da mTel

xalxs da yvelas erTad gaukvirda es saSineli ambavi.

xolo roca ixila aderki mefem264 is wminda kvarTi, moiwa-

dina, im samoselis didi mSvenierebis gamo, igi Seemosa Tavis

Seginebul tanze. xolo misi sakvir velebis gamo da im miz-

eziT, rac ki moxda, aRar in e ba im mkvdris mkerdidan [uflis

kvarTis] aReba.

xolo eliozma damarxa is Tavisi da sanatreli damarx-

viT. radgan erTad, rogorc hqonda Tavis mkerdze is kvarTi,

aseve damarxa. xolo is wminda kvarTi wmindadve darCa da

wmindave iqneba, rogorc Tav da pirveladve, rogorc weria es

cxadad `qarTlis moqcevaSi~.

da uflis amaRlebis Semdeg, rodesac wili iyares mo-

ciqulebma, maSin yovladwminda RvTismSobels wilad xvda

mosaqcevad saqarTvelos qveyana. da CvenebaSi eCvena mas misi

33

Ze, Cveni ufali da uTxra: `hoi, dedao Cemo, ar uarvyob yve-

la modgmaze metad gamorCeul im ers mag Seni meoxebisTvis.

xolo Sen miavline pirvelwodebuli andria Sendami xve-

drebul nawilSi da Tan gaatane Seni xati, ro gorc [es] Sens

saxeze dadebiT gamoisaxeba da Sens nacvlad is Seni xati

mkvid robdes maT mcvelad JamTa ukunisamde~.

maSin uTxra yovladwmindam andria mociquls: `Svilo an-

dria, didad umZims Cems suls, rom im qveyanaSi, Cems nawilSi,

ar qadagebula Cemi Zis saxeli. roca gavemarTe Cemi Zis saqad-

ageblad im Cems wiladxvedrebul qveyanaSi, maSin gamomecxa-

da Cemi saxieri Ze da RmerTi da mibrZana, rom Sen waxvide da

waasveno Cemi saxe da Cemi saxieri Zis [saxe], Cems wilxvdomil

qveyanaSi, rom me viyo maTi cxovrebis gamgebeli, xeli gavu-

marTo da Sevewio maT da mterTagan veravin daZlevs maT~.

uTxra mas mociqulma: `yovladwmidao, Seni saxieri Zisa da

Seni neba iyos yovel Jams~. maSin yovladwmidam moiTxova fi-

cari, daibana piri da daido Tavis pirisaxeze. da gamoisaxa

aseTi xati, rom Tavis wiaRSi etvirTa ganxorcielebuli Cvi-

li, yovladsaxieri RvTis sityva, romelic axla yvelasaT-

vis xilvadia _ xati awyuris yovladwminda RvTismSoblis265

da misca is mociqul andrias da uTxra: ̀ Cemgan Sobili uflis

madli da Sewevna TanaSemwed gyavdes Sen, sadac waxvide da mec

TanaSemwe var mag qadagebisa da didad Sevewevi Cemdami xve-

drebulis im monawiles~. maSin davarda mociquli miwaze da

cremliT madli Seswira yovladwmindas da gamovida iqidan

sixaruliT da gaemarTa saxarebis saqadageblad.

xolo am aderki mefem umata qarTlis simagreebs, qalaqebsa

da cixeebs da umetesad Semoamtkica qalaq mcxeTis zRudeebi

wylis iqiT da aqeT. da amave aderkis mefobaSi movidnen wminda

Tormet mociqulTaganni andria da svimon kananeli afxazeTSi

da egrisSi. da iq aResrula wminda svimon kananeli _ nikofsis

qalaqSi, berZnebis sazRvarze266. xolo andriam moaqcia megrele-

bi da wavida klarjeTis gzaze.

34

movida andria qalaq trapizonSi, romelic aris megrelTa

mxare267, sadac dahyo cota xani da naxa pirutyvuli ugunure-

ba im qalaqis mkvidrTa Soris, gavida iqidan da Sevida qarT-

lis qveyanaSi, romelsac did aWara ewodeba da daiwyo saxare-

bis qadageba, radgan [iqauri] kacebi pirutyvebze ugunurebi

iyvnen da ar icnobdnen Semoqmed RmerTs da yvela saZagel da

arawminda wess asrulebdnen, romelic saTqmeladac ki uje-

roa. da mravali gaWirveba da gansacdeli moiTmina urwmu-

noebisagan da RvTis da im wminda xatis Se wevniT yvelaferi

madlobiT moiTmina, vidre yvela moaqcia da moiyvana sarwmu-

noebaSi. radgan im adgilze, romelzedac daasvena yovladw-

minda RvTismSoblis xati, aRmocenda wyaro Zalze mSvenieri

da didi, romelic dResac uwyvetad amodis.

da Seikribnen yvelani yoveli mxridan, im qveynis mkvidrni,

da monaTla yvelani mamis da Zis da suliwmidis saxeliT, da

daayena mRvdlebi da diakonebi da daudo sarwmunoebis wesi da

sazRvari da aaSenes mSvenieri eklesia yovladwminda RvTism-

Soblis saxelze. da roca undoda wminda mociquls iqidan

wasvla, evedrebodnen da ar uSvebdnen wasasvlelad, aramed

eubnebodnen: `Tuki Sen waxval, yovladwminda RvTismSoblis

eg wminda xati aq dagvisvene Cvens imedad da mcvelad~.

xolo wminda mociqulma andriam gaakeTa msgavsi zomis

ficari da dado im xatze. da myisve gamoisaxa im xatis Seucv-

leli saxe, da misca igi maT.

xolo maT sixaruliT miiRes da daasvenes Tavis eklesiaSi

pativiT, romelic dRemde arsebobs.

xolo wminda mociquls mSvidoba uTxres da siyvaruliT

gamoemSvidobnen, eambornen da gamoagzavnes. xolo is gamoe-

marTa da gadmoiara mTa, romelsac ewo deba rkinisjvari268 da

naTqvamia, rom is jvari TviT netari andrias mier aris aR-

marTuli.

xolo roca Caiara oZrxis xevi da movida samcxis saz-

RvrebTan, daisvena sofelSi, romelsac ewodeba zadengora269.

35

Sexeda mociqulma da naxa, rom im adgilis adamianebi msxver-

pls swiravdnen yru kerpebs.

da iloca mociqulma im wminda xatis mimarT da yvela is

kerpi daemxo da Seimusra. xolo wminda mociquli gamoemar-

Ta da moaRwia awyurs, romelsac Tavdapirvelad ewodeboda

sosangeTi. da mopir dapired [iyo] saqrisi270. da daisvena erT

adgilas, sadac iyo sakerpo taZari, ro m el sac axla Zvel-

eklesia ewodeba. da masSi imsaxurebodnen maTi kerpebi.

xolo mTavrobda maSin qali vinme qvrivi samZivari, romel-

sac mxolod erTi Ze hyavda da mTeli misi imedi mis mimarT moZ-

raobda da swored im dros momkvdariyo. da iyo tirilis vae-

ba da didad mravali mRelvareba. da im Rames ixiles cixidan

didi naTeli [iq], sadac esvena yovladwmindis xati, gaukvir-

daT didad maTi vinaobis gamo da, gaTenda ra, swra fad gamog-

zavnes kacebi, rom naxon, Tu vin arian, an ra aris. da roca naxes

im kacebma wminda mociquli da yovladwmindas xati, swrafad

wavidnen da auwyes im qvriv qals, rom: `viRac ucxo kacebi ar-

ian da ucxo RmerTs qadageben Semoqmedad da dambadeblad da

kacTa sicocxlis momniWebelad da mkvdarTa aRmdgenelad.

da aqvT maT mSvenieri xati da mas scemen pativs~. roca esma es

sityva mkvdarTa aRdgomis [Sesaxeb] im qals, gakvirda da cota

ram nugeSi eca mis guls, miavlina Tavisi monebi mociqulis

dasaZaxeblad, romelsac, rogorc [ki] mivida, uTxra qalma,

rom: `vin xarT, an saidan modixarT, an ra aris eg Tqveni ucxo

moZRvreba, romelsac ambobT, radgan arsad gagonila aseTi

ambavi~. miugo wminda mociqulma da uTxra: `movdivar wminda

qalaq ierusalimidan, sadac daidga uflis fexi, golgoTaze

da beTlemSi, cebs mimsgavsebulebSi da mona var da mociquli

Cveni uflis, ieso qristesi, romelic wamSi aRadgens mkvdrebs

da mas vqadageb RmerTad da uflad da yvela dabadebulis

gamgeblad. da vinc irwmunebs mas da naTeliRebs mamisa da Zisa

da wmida sulis saxeliT, yvelaferi, rasac iTxovs sarwmunoe-

biT, miecema da yvela senisagan ganikurneba~. xolo roca esma

36

es qals, davarda miwaze da uTxra cremliT mociquls: `Seiwya-

le es Cemi siqvrive da ubadrukeba; radgan mkvdarTa aRmdgi-

neblis mona xar, iloce Seni RvTis mimarT da mianiWe am Cems

Svils sicocxle da yvelafers, rasac mibrZaneb, gagigoneb

da ar gagiurCdebi, Tuki Cem Zes aRmdgars vixilav. radgan mx-

olod es myavs da sxva ara~. xolo wminda mociqulma miugo da

uTxra: `Tuki iwameb ieso qristes, RvTis Zes, WeSmarit RmerTs,

romelic Cvens mier iqadageba, ramdenic da rac [ginda] iTxovo

sarwmunoebiT, yvelaferi mogecema mis mier~. xolo im qals

roca esma es, aivso sixaruliT da cremliT uTxra mociquls:

`hoi, WeSmariti RvTis monav, WeSmaritad mwams da vaRiareb

ieso qristes, romelsac Sen qadageb, aramed Seewie Cems urwmu-

noebas~. xolo mociqulma gamoiyvana mTeli is xalxi da mgos-

nebi da aravin datova iq, mxolod is qvrivi da misi ramdenime

axlobeli da aiRo xelSi yovladwminda RvTismSoblis xati da

daasvena im sawolze, sadac ido is ymawvili. da daiwyo locva

da vedreba RvTis mimarT xelapyrobilma. da locvis Semdeg

daikava im ymawvilis xeli da rogorc Zilisagan, ase aRadgina

igi da misca dedamiss. da roca naxa yvelam es ucxo saswauli,

gaukvirdaT Zalian da ramis saTqmelad Rone ar hqondaT. xolo

qalma roca ixila Tavisi Ze gacocxlebuli, sixaruliT adga

da davarda mociqulis fexebTan, cremliT Tayvani sca da mad-

li Sewira da irwmuna ufali ieso qriste. da naTeliRo qalma

ZesTan erTad da mTeli misi saxleuliT. da swrafad miavlina

Tavisi monebi da gaatana werilebi samcxis mTavrebTan da ase

miuwera: `aha, qvrivi gaxarebT, Zmebo, did sixaruls mTel

xalxs. movida erTi vinme kaci ucxo qveynidan, romelic ucxo

RmerTs qadagebs da aqvs mas zecis xati, romelmac Cemi mkvdari

Ze aRadgina. axla swrafad modiT, rom umjobesi wesi da rjuli

avirCioT da vcnoT, Tu ra aris saWiro. da roca esmaT mesxebs

es sakvirveli ambavi, swrafad Seikribnen yoveli mxridan da

iyo xalxis didi simravle, vidre aivso saqrisis veli. da gauk-

virda yvelas ixiles ra qvrivis is Ze mkvdreTiT aRmdgari.

37

xolo iyo im qalaqSi sakerpo sakurTxeveli, romelSic im-

saxurebodnen maTi bilwi RmerTebi, artemi da apoloni.

da roca naxes es ambavi im sicruis mRvd lebma, aivsnen

SuriT da daiwyes mociqulTan dava da dapirispireba, aseve

is xalxic _ zogi ambobda: `gvmarTebs imis Tayvaniscema,

romelmac aseTi saswauli aRasrula~, xolo zogi ambobda,

rom: `apo loni da artemi arian didi RmerTebi~.

da iyo dava da SfoTi maT Soris, sanam aseTi saqme da TaTbi ri

daamtkices mTeli xalxis TanamowmobiT. da uTxra [mociqul-

ma]: ̀ gaaReT kari mag sakerpo taZrisa da SevasvenebT Cven am xats

Tqveni kerpebis SuaSi da beWedi davadoT erTad orive karze da

daayeneT mcvelebi da iloceT Tqven amaRam Tqveni RmerTebis

mimarT, xolo Cven vilocebT ieso qristes, Cveni WeSmariti Rv-

Tis mimarT da vnaxoT ganTiadze: Tuki daZlios Tqvenma Rmer-

Tma, misi Tayvaniscema gvmarTebdes, xolo Tuki Cvenma RmerTma

sZlia, mas vceT yvelam Tayvani~. da daaskvnes ase.

Seasvenes yovladwmida RvTismSoblis xati maT kerpebs

Sua da beWedi daades karze da mcvelebi daayenes da daiwyes

locva im sicruis mRvdlebma. da wmindanma iloca qristes,

Cveni WeSmariti RvTis mimarT.

da roca gaTenda da gaaRes sakerpos kari, naxes maTi yvela

kerpi miwaze dana r cxebuli da mtvris msgavsad [wvrilad] dam-

sxvreuli, xolo yovladwminda RvTismSoblis xati brwyinavda

rogorc mze didebiTa da pativiT. maSin is kerpis mRvdelebi aivs-

nen sircxviliT da TavianTi umecrebisTvis Sendobas iTxovdnen

mociqulisgan. da mTelma xalxma madlobis xma amouSva da Tqves,

rom: `didia qristianebis RmerTi, romelsac mociquli andria

qadagebs~. da irwmuna yvelam Cveni ufali ieso qriste da six-

aruliT naTeliRo yvelam mamis da Zis da suli wmi ndis saxeliT.

da iyo im dRes didi sixaruli mTeli im xalxisa da adidebdnen

RmerTs, romelmac ixsna isini eSmakis xelTagan.

xolo wminda mociquls surda aseve wasvla sxva qalaqeb-

Sic da soflebSic qristes saxarebis saqadageblad, xolo is

38

qali da zogadad mTeli xalxi evedreboda, rom ar ganSore-

boda maT, aramed yoveldRe eswavlebina rjulis wesi. da mo-

ciqulic daemorCila maT da ramdenime xans gaCerda maTTan

da aswavla maT rjulisa da sarwmunoebis yvela wesi da dauy-

ena episkoposi, mRvdlebi da diakonebi da kvlav gaemzada sax-

arebis saqadageblad. da kvlav Seevedrnen is qvrivi qali da

sruliad mesxebi, ar ganSoreboda maT. xolo wminda andriam

miugo da uTxra: ̀ sxva qalaqebSi da soflebSic saWiroa uflis

saxarebis Cemgan qadageba~. xolo maT uTxres: `Tuki waxval,

yovladwmidis eg xati aq dagvisvene Cvens imedad da mcvelad~.

miugo mociqulma da uTxra, rom: `es xati TviT yovladwmida

RvTismSoblis saxeze dadebiT gamosaxuli aris~. da mouTxro

yvelaferi Tanmimdevrulad, uflis amaRlebis Semdeg rogor

yares wili wminda mociqulebma mTeli qveynierebis mosaqce-

vad da yovladwminda RvTismSobels rogor xvda wilad sam-

cxis es qveyana da [rom] mis mier aris gamogzavnili aq es xati

wilxvdomilTaTvis im e dad da mcvelad da saWiroc ase aris,

rom daesvenos aq mkvidrad JamTa ukunisamde. da rodesac

gaigones es mociqu lisgan im qvrivma da mesxebma, ufro meti

sixaruliT aivsnen, Seicnes ra yovladwminda RvTismSobli-

sadmi wilxvdomiloba, madloba Seswires qristes da mis ubi-

wod mSobels da ufro meti siyvaruli da survilze survili

Sehmates am wmida xatisadmi da cremliT adidebdnen mas six-

aruliT.

da daasvenes yovladwminda awyuris RvTismSoblis yov-

lad didebuli xati im mcire ekvderSi, romelsac axla Zvel-

eklesias uwodeben.

xolo wminda mociqulma andriam moikiTxa yvela simd-

abliT da siyvaruliT, misca mSvidoba da gaemarTa sxva adgi-

lebSic saxarebis saqadageblad.

xolo roca esma aderki mefes megrelebisgan rjulis da-

toveba, gauwyra da miavlina Tavisi erisTavebi da iZulebiT kv-

lav miaqcia megerelebi [warmarTobaze]. da damales xatebi da

39

jvrebi da ganurisxda aderki mefe klarjeTis erisTavs, rom mS-

vidobiT gauSva man andria mociquli271.

xolo roca daesrula martviliis dResaswauli272, wamovi-

da iqidan273 didebuli andria sxva mociqulebTan erTad.

modiodnen qalaq-qalaq da sofel-sofel, aswavlidnen

xalxebs da axdendnen saswa ulebs.

da ase miaRwies qarTlis qveyanas.

da mere gaiares taos mxris qveyana da vidre mdinare

Woroxamde im mxaris yvela sofeli moiares da Seusveneblad

qadag ebdnen RvTis saxels.

da ase qadagebiT mi aR wies svaneTis qveyanas. xolo im qvey-

anaSi mTavrobda im xanebSi qali vinme mTavari, romelmac ir-

wmuna mociqulTa qadageba. da mataTa im sxva mowafeebTan er-

Tad darCa im mxareebSi. xolo didi andria simoniTurT Sevida

oseTis qveyanaSi da miaRwia qala qamde, romelsac ewodeboda

fostafo ri274, sadac didi saswauli moaxdines da mravali

xalxi moaqcies da gaanaTles. iqidan wavidnen da Sevidnen

afxazeTis qveyanaSi da sevaste qalaqSi275 mividnen, romelsac

axla ewodeba cxumi da uqadages RvTis sityva da mravalma

Seiwynara. da iq datova netarma andriam svimon kananeli sxva

mowafeebTan erTad da TviTon jiqeTis qveyanaSi avida. xolo

im qveynis kacebi jiqebi iyvnen276, kacebi guliT ficxlebi da

borot saqmeebSi gaxveulebi, urwmunoebi da gaumaZRrebi,

romelTac ar Seiwynares mociqulis qadageba, aramed undo-

daT misi mokvla. xolo RvTis madlma daicva da ixila ra maTi

moudrekeloba da pirutyvebrivi goneba, datova [isini] da

wavida. amitomac aqamde urwmunoebaSi arian. xolo svimon ka-

nanelis saflavi aris nikops qalaqSi277, afxazeTsa da jiqeTs

Soris, radgan iq aResrula wminda svimon kananeli.

xolo kvlav ganamtkica [sarwmunoebaSi] wminda andriam

megrelebi da afxazebi da wavida skviTeSi278.

xolo amave aderkis mefobaSi gamo Cnda kvlav sparseTis me-

foba279. radgan ra droidanac Sesuliyo aleq sandre da moeoxre-

40

bina sparseTi, am dromde aRar damjdariyo mefe sparseTSi, rad-

gan adgil-adgil iyvnen sparseTSi erisTavebi. maSin Seikribnen

sparseTis eris Tavebi da dasves mefed aJRalan280 brZeni. maSin

somxebi da qarTvelebi iyvnen morCili aJRalanis, sparselebis

mefisa, da vidre aderkis mefobamde erTi jdeboda qarTvelebis

mefed, ramdenadac bevrni iyvnen mefeebis Svilebi.

xolo am aderkis hyavda ori Ze, romlebsac erqvaT saxelad

erTs bartomi281 da meores qarTami282. da amaT gauyo mTeli Tavisi

qveyana: misca qalaqi mcxeTa da qveyana mtkvarze _ SidaqarTli,

muxnaris mxaris qalaqi da mTeli qarTli mtkvris CrdiloeTiT,

hereTidan vidre qarTlis da egrisis Tavamde _ es yvelaferi

misca bartoms, Tavis Zes, xolo armazis mxaris qalaqi, mtkvris

samxreTi qarTli, xunanidan vidre mtkvris Tavamde da mTeli

klarjeTi misca qarTams, Tavis Zes283. da mokvda aderki.

meTerTmete mefeebi bartami da qarTami,

aderki somxebis mefis Zeebi, arSakunianebi

da mefobdnen mis Semdeg misi Zeni284. xolo amaT mefobaSi

vespasianos romaelebis keisarma285 moaoxra ierusalimi da iqi-

dan gamoqceuli uriebi movidnen mcxeTaSi da dasaxl dnen Zve-

ladve mosul uriebTan, rom lebsac SeuerTdnen barabas Svile-

bi, romelic uflis jvarcmisas gauS ves uriebma Cveni uflis,

iesos nacvlad286.

da mefobdnen es bartomi da qarTami mSvidobianad da erT-

maneTis siyvarulSi. hyavda Ze bartoms, romelsac erqva kaosi287

da qarTams hyavda Ze, saxelad farsmani288.

da mokvdnen aderkis Zeebi, bartomi da qarTami. da maT Semdeg

gamefdnen maTi Svilebi: armazSi _ farsmani da SidaqarTlSi _

kaosi289.

41

meTormete mefeebi farsmani da kaosi,

bartomisa da qarTamis Zeebi, arSakunianebi

xolo aderkidan vidre amaT mefobamde iyvnen somxebis mefis

morCilebaSi. da ufro metad armazeli mefeebi eSvelebodnen

somxebs yvela maTi mtris winaaRmdeg.

maSin gamefda somxeTSi is didi mefe iarvandi290. da daiviwya

man qarTvelebis sikeTe, imZlavra farsman armazelze da waarT-

va qarTlis sazRvari _ qalaqi wunda da artani mtkvramde da

daasaxla wundaSi mxeci adamianebi, devebis Camomavlebi da uwo-

da wundas saxelad qajatuni, rac iTargmneba devTa-saxlad291. da

ver daibrunes qarTlis mefeebma TavianTi sazRvrebi, da mokvd-

nen did mwuxa rebaSi farsmani da kaosi.

da dajdnen mefed maT Semdeg maTi Svilebi, armazSi azorki292

da Sida qarTlSi armazeli293.

mecamete mefeebi azorki da armazeli,

farsmanis da kaosis Zeebi, arSakunianebi

xolo es mefeebi, armazeli da azorki, iyvnen mxne da mamaci kace-

bi. da SeiTqvnen eseni da ganizraxes qarTlis sazRvrebis moZieba.

maSin mokla sumbat bivritianma294 iarvandi, somxebis mefe da dasva

mefed iarvandis Zma, romelsac ewodeboda saxelad artaSani295.

maSin qarTlis am mefeebma, azorkma da armazelma, mouwodes

osebs da lekebs da gadmoiyvanes osebis mefeebi296, ori goliaTi

Zma, saxelad bazuki da abazuki297, oseTis spiT. da maT gadmoi-

yoles Tan paWanikebi298 da jiqebi299. da gadmovida lekTa mefe

da gadmoiyola durZukebi da didoebi. da qarTlis am mefeebma

Semokribes TavianTi spa da Seikriba es mTeli uricxvi simravle.

da marjved farulad Seikribnen, vidre Seikribeboda somxebis

spa. da Sevidnen eseni somxeTSi da uecrad moaoxres Sirakuani300

da vanandi301 bagrevanamde302 da basianamde303 da Sebrundnen da

42

moaoxres daSti304 vidre naxWevanamde305 da aiyvanes tyve da [ai-

Res] alafi uricxvi da aivsnen yovelgvari simdidriT da gam-

oiares farisos306 gza.

maSin sumbat bivritianma mouwoda somxeTis spas da Seikrib-

nen swra fad somxebi da daedevnen. xolo yvela es Crdiloeli

gasuli iyo mtkvarze da misuliyvnen kambeCoanSi307 da daebanakaT

iorze da iyofdnen tyves da alafs308.

maSin sumbatma miavlina Suamavali da uTxra maT: ̀ rac agiRiaT

alafi som xeTidan _ pirutyvi, oqro, vercxli da naqsovi _ yve-

laferi miCuqebia TqvenTvis da rac daiRvara somxebis sisxli

Tqven mier, isic uZiebeli darCes Tqvenze, aramed is xalxi, axla

romelic gyavT tyved, gauSviT da wadiT mSvidobiT, gamdidreb-

ulebi da yvelafriT savseni~.

xolo maT upasuxes:

`sxva arafrisTvis SemovediT somxiTSi, Tu ara Sens mosaZeb-

nad da ver gnaxeT Sen. da axla modi CvenTan, miiRe Seni nawili;

Tu ara, movalT SenTan, sadac iqnebi, da ver gaaRwev cocxali

Cvens xelTagan~.

maSin sumbat bivritianma gaiara mtkvari309. da bazok osebis

mefem sTxova muqara, miugzavna Suamavali da iTxova piris-pir

brZola.

xolo sumbati aRiWurva da Sejda Tavis cxenze da gavida me-

brZolebs Soris. da iqidan gamovarda bazoki. da Sehyvira orivem

da Seetaknen. da hkra sumbatma Subebi sartylis zeviT da gaat-

ara zurgSi erTi wyrTa, aiRo cxenidan da dasca miwaze. maSin

Seutia mas anbazukma Tavisi Zmis saSvelad, xolo moiwoda sum-

batma is Subebi, miegeba da masac aseve hkra da gautara, aiRo da

dasca miwaze. da Tqva: `es [Tqven] _ somxebis dedebisa da mamebis,

Cvili ymawvi lebisTvis, romlebic Tqven mospeT!~.

maSin im mTelma spam, osebma, lekebma da qarTvelebma da yvela

im Crdiloelma modgmam erTxmad Sehyvires da Tqves: ̀ radgan mok-

les is ori Zma, yvelanairi goliaTobis Tavkacebi, Cveni sikvdili

arafrad aris Sesaracxi~. da ufro metad gaborotdnen da Seikri-

43

ba yvela arzokisa da armazaelis, qarTvelebis mefeebis spasala-

robis qveS da yvelam Seutia sumbats da somxeTis spas.

maSin Seiqna Zlieri brZola maT Soris, da gagrZelda maT

Soris brZola sami Jamidan vidre mecxre Jamamde310. da amowy-

da orive mxri dan uricxvi da avida mtveri da dRe dabnelda,

rogorc Rame da areulebi iyvnen erTad da veRar cnobdnen erT-

maneTs im mtverisagan.

maSin daiZlia CrdiloeTis banaki somxebisgan, gaiqcnen

da daifanta yvela, gamoudga sumbati, mravalze mravalTagan

daWrili da sdia Ramemde da mospo yvela osi da leki, romelTa-

gan mciredi gadarCa; xolo qarTvelebi ufro metni gadarCnen

gasaqcevi gzebis codniT da Semoixizna qarTlis orive mefe

daWrili mcxeTaSi. maSin sumbati gamarjvebuli Semovida qarTl-

Si da moaoxra qarTli, _ rac ipova cixeebsa qalaqebs gareT,

aramed cixe-qalaqebs ar ebrZoda, radgan mzad ar iyo [somxeTi-

dan] swrafad gamosvlis gamo. aramed aaSena cixe oZrxis mxareSi,

romelsac ewodeba samcxe, adgilze, romelsac hqvia demoTi311,

Sekidebuli Rado mTaze. da dautova masSi laSqari wundelTa

dasaxmareblad, radgan oZrxelebTan sabrZolvelad wavida.

xolo qarTlis es mefeebi, arzoki da armazeli, maTi gulis si-

ficxiT ar SeuSindnen, aramed gaamagres TavianTi cixe-qalaqebi,

gawires qarTlis mTeli velebi da ar scxrebodnen somxebze Tav-

dasxmisagan. da daiwyes osebma TavianTi sisxlis Zieba somxebze,

gadmovidnen qarTlSi da daumegobrdnen qarTvelebs. da airivnen

erTad osebi da qarTvelebi da mudmivad ebrZodnen somxebs.

da iyo oZrxe qalaqSi mefe armazelis erisTavi, aznaurTa-

gani, da idga igi sarwmunoebiT armazelis erTgulebaze da

mas eSvelebodnen meg r elebi. xolo wundelebi da demoTelebi

eSvelebodnen erTmaneTs da daucx romlad ibrZodnen da udide-

si maTi brZola iyo mdinareze, romelsac hqvia noste312.

da iyo klarjeTSi arzok mefis erisTavi, aznaurTaganive, da

is azaralebda somxeTis sazRvrebs, parxlis qveyanas313, romel-

ic aris tao314, da mavnebeli veravin Sedoda klarjeTSi, radgan

44

Seuvali da magari iyo tyiT da kldiT, da klarjeTis mkvidrebi

iyvnen mkvircxli, da - aseve mxedari kacebi. xolo TviT qarTlis

mefeebi mcxeTidan gaemarTebodnen somxeTSi abocis gzaze315 da

mudmivad ase moZraobdnen qarTvelebi.

maSin gamoemarTa Tavisi mTeli ZaliT artaSani, somxebis mefe

da misi spaspeti sumbat bivritiani. xolo qarTvelebma gaamagres

cixeebi da qalaqebi da SemoierTes Zala oseTidan da gaavses cix-

eebi da qalaqebi da movidnen somxebi da dadgnen mcxeTaSi da ebr-

Zodnen xuTi Tve. da yoveldRe iyo bumberazTa brZola.

maSin gauWirdaT qarTvelebsa da osebs, iTxoves mSvidoba da

aRuTqves mo rCileba da sisxlisa da sazRvris aRarZieba316. maSin

ismina somxebis me fem maTi vedreba da Seiqmna saficari da aRTq-

ma317. da daimona qarTve lebi da osebi somxebis mefem da wavida.

xolo gavida amasobaSi ramdenime weli da aSenda qarTli,

somxebisgan mooxrebuli.

maSin moucleli gaxdnen somxebi, radgan daiwyes brZo-

la sparselebsa da berZnebTan318. da naxes maSin marjve dro

qarTvelebma da osebma, daiwyes somxebis darbeva, radgan som-

xebis mTeli spa da mefis ori Ze da su m bati iyvnen sabrZolvelad

sparse lebTan319. da roca gaaxSires qarTve l eb ma da osebma somx-

ebis ziani, maSin artaSan mefem Sekriba spa, romelic Sin darCe-

noda da misca Tavis Zes zarens320 da gamogzavna qarTvelebze.

xolo Seikribnen qarTvelebi da osebi da miegebnen javaxeTis

mxareSi. da SeebrZolnen da sZlies qarT velebma da osebma da gaaq-

cies zareni, somxebis mefis Ze, da mospes mTeli misi spa da sdies

somxeTis sazR v ramde, daewivnen zarens, mefis Zes, da Seipyres igi

im tbis piras, romelsac hqvia celi321 da ukan wamo iyvanes.

xolo osebs undodaT am zarenis mokvla maTi mefeebis sisx-

lisaTvis, aramed qarTve lebma daicves cocxlad maTi sazRvris

dasabruneblad da Casves patimrad darialanis cixeSi. ver ipov-

nes somxebma, radgan mouclelebi iyvnen sparse lebis gamo.

maSin mesame wels movida sumbat bivritiani da mefis ori Ze, ar-

tavazi da tigrani322, somxeTis mTeli spiT. maSin qarTlis mefeebma

45

ubrZanes TavianT qveyanas cixe-qalaqebSi Tavis Sefareba, da mTiu-

leTelebma323 gaamag res cixeebi da qalaqebi. xolo movidnen somxebi

da dadgnen TrialeTSi324. da Cadgnen maT Soris Suamavlebi da daza-

vdnen; misces qarTve lebma mefis Ze325 Sepyrobili da aRuTqves dax-

mareba ase: `Tuki vinme mteri aRdges Tqvenze da aqeT SegebrZoloT,

Cven orive mefe Cveni TaviTa da Cveni spiT gverdSi dagidgeT da giS-

veloT; da Tuki aseve vinmes iqiT SeebrZoloT, aTas-aTasi SeWur-

vili mxedriT SegeSveloT~. da esec aRuTqves qarTvelebma, rom: `am

Cven qalaqSi drama artaSan mefis saxiT davbeWdoTo~326. xolo amis

gamo somxebma ukan misces qarTlis sazRvari _ qalaqi wunda da de-

moTis cixe, javaxeTi da artani. da im droidan damoyvrdnen somxebi

da qarTvelebi da osebi. da samive erToblivad ebrZoda mters.

da aResrulnen arzoki da armazaeli, didad nugeSiscemule-

bi, radgan TavianTi simxniT ukan miiRes qarTlis sazRvrebi.

da maT Semdeg mefobdnen maTi Svilebi: armazSi _ amazaspi327 da

SidaqarTlSi _ deroki328.

meToTxmete mefeebi amazaspi da deroki,

azork da armazelis Zeebi, arSakunianebi

da maT Semdgomad329 mefobdnen maTi Svilebi: armazSi _ far-

sman qveli da SidaqarTlSi _ mirdati.

meTxuTmete mefeebi farsman qveli da mirdati,

amazaspis da derokis Zeebi, arSakunianebi330

aqamde yvela es or-ori mefe iyvnen moyvrobaSi: erTad - viRa-

cis moyvrebi da erTad - viRacis mtrebi. maSin am mirdatma, qarT-

velma mefem moiyvana sparseli coli, mefeebis Camomavali da

sparselebis waqezebiT mtrad gauxda farsman qvels, armazels

da ganizraxa farsman qvelis muxTlad mokvla. da moipatiJa mir-

46

datma farsman qveli Tavis saxlSi, viTomcda samejlisod da

mosalxenad, rac uTxra viRacam farsmans da gaarida [safrTxes].

xolo igi aRar mivida.

im droidan gaxdnen erTmaneTis mtrebi da mirdats eSvele-

bodnen sparselebi, farsmans ki _ somxebi.

da es mirdati iyo kaci javriani da mosisxle, xolo farsman-

qveli iyo kaci keTili da uxvad gamcemeli da Semndobi, aRnago-

biT mSvenieri, taniT didi da Zlieri, mxne mxedari da mamaci br-

ZolaSi, uSiSi rogorc uxorco331 da yvelafriT umjobesi qarT-

lis yvela mefeze332, romlebic gardacvlilni iyvnen mis win.

is uyvardaT mirdatis mxaris qarT velebsac da sZuldaT

mirdati mosisxleobisa da misi siavisaTvis. da SemouerTda mas

mirdatis mxares myofTa umravlesobac, sZlia farsman qvelma

da gaaqcia mirdat mefe. da wavida mirdati sparseTSi.

xolo maSin iyo farsman qvelis spaspe ti, aseve qveli da go-

liaTi, saxelad farnavazi. es farnavazi far s manis ZuZu mte iyo,

saimedo, erTguli da sando. da is daayena Sida qarTlSi [fars-

manma], mirdatis adgilas. da, saerTod, farnavazi iyo qarTlSi

spaspetad, xolo mefe farsman qveli dadioda [sxvadasxva mxa-

reebSi] da ganagebda Tavis samefos.

maSin mirdatma gamoiyvana sparse lebi, Zlieri spa, da gamoe-

marTa farsmanisken. xolo farsmanma Semokriba qarTlis spa da

SemoierTa Zala somxeTidan da miegeba rkinisxevis333 viwroebSi. da

daiwyes brZola bumberazebma mravali dRis ganmavlobaSi da Tuki

gamoCndeboda bumberazi sparse lebs Soris, romelsac ver ebrZod-

nen qarTlisa da somxeTis bumberazebi, masTan gadioda TviT mefe

farsmani an misi spaspeti farnavazi da ase jobnidnen da sZlevdnen.

da im brZolaSi mokla farsman mefem sparse lebis Cvidmeti bumber-

azi, xolo misma spaspetma farnavazma mokla ocdasami.

maSin iyo sparselebs Soris erTi goliaTi kaci, saxelad jum-

beri, romelic loms xeliT iWerda334. da man sTxova pirispir br-

Zola mefe farsmans. xolo farsman qveli sixaruliT aRiWurva

da gavida. da Sehyvira orivem sastiki xmiT da Seuties erTmaneTs

47

da daiwyes brZola xmliT. da maTi brZolis xma emsgavsa quxilisa

da Weqis xmas. ajoba farsmanma, Camoagdo da mokla da mobrunda

Tavisi spis mxares da daiZaxa xmamaRla da uTxra maT: `aha, mZvin-

vare lomebo, cxvrebi dasetyvili!~335. maSin Seuties qarTvelebma

da somxebma sparselebs da gaaqcies da amowyvites da daatyveves

uricxvi da wavida mirdati ltolvili sparseTSive.

da meore wels kvlav movida mirdati [ufro] metad uZliere-

si spiT. xolo farsman qvelma Semokriba Tavisi spa, mxedrebi da

qveiTebi da dadga mcxeTaSi, qalaqSi, radgan ar hyavda spa mirda-

tis spis odena. movida mirdati da dadga jaWvSi336 da isev yovel-

dRe ibrZodnen bumberazebi. da im brZolaSi mokla farsman mefem

TavisdaTavad Tormeti bumberazi, xolo spaspetma farnavazma

mokla Teqvsmeti bumberazi. maSin farsman mefem Tavisi gulis

sificxiT aRar gaiTvaliswina? sparselebis simravle, aramed

gavida ganTiadis Jams Tavisi spiT da [Tavs] daesxa. da misca misma

bedma Zleva: gaaqcia maTi razmi da amowyvita uricxvi. da wavida

mirdati ltolvili sparseTSive.

da im droidan ganiTqva farsman qvelisa da misi spaspetis,

farnavazis saxeli. da gaxda igi qarTlisa da somxeTis spaTa

winamZRoli. da daiwyo brZola sparselebTan da sparseTSi Ses-

vla. da veRarasodes veravin win ver udgeboda farsman qvels.

maSin sparselebma ixmares es xerxi, rom moiyvanes erTi mza-

reuli da aRuTqves mas didi sikeTe da uTxres ase, rom: `wadi

da Seexizne farsman qvels da waiyole Sen sasikvdile wamali da

Seuzave [farsmans] mis saWmelTan da SeaWame~. xolo wavida is mza-

reuli da hqna ise, rogorc uTxres im sparselebma. da ase mokla

farsman mefe qveli.

maSin Seiqna glova da tirili mTel qarTvelobaSi, warCineb-

ulebidan vidre glaxakebamde. da yvela TavSi icemda [xels]

yvela qalaqsa da dabaSi, radgan dasxdebodnen [xolme] glovis

mgosnebi da ikribeboda yvela da axsenebdnen farsman qvelis

simxnevesa da siqveles da mSvenierebasa da saxierebas da ambobd-

nen ase: ̀ vai Cvenda, radgan mogviZia borotma bedma da Cveni mefe,

48

romlisganac gamoxsnili viyaviT mtrebis monobisgan, moikla

igi grZneuli kacebis mier da axla [ki xelSi] CavuvardiT Cven

mosaoxreblad ucxo modgmas~. maSin gamovidnen sparselebi da

wamoiyoles Tan mirdati da daipyres qarTli da misces mirdats

misi nawili, xolo farsmanis nawili TviTon daikaves da datoves

erisTavi armazSi337. xolo farnavaz spaspetma waiyvana farsman

qvelis coli da Ze da gaiqca da mivida somxeTSi, radgan somex-

Ta mefis asuli iyo farsmanis coli338. da daipyres qarTli mir-

datma da sparselebis erisTavma339. xolo megre lebi daadgnen

farsmanis Zis erTgulebas. xolo im dros moyvrobdnen somxebi

da berZnebi340. maSin somxebis mefem SemoierTa Zala berZnebisgan

da gamoemarTa sabrZolvelad sparselebTan da qarTvelebTan.

miuerTdnen megrelebi da Seikriba uricxvi simravle. maSin mir-

datma da sparselebis erisTavma moierTes Zala sparseTidan.

xolo somxebi, berZnebi da megrelebi Cavidnen SidaqarTlSi da

iq miegebn en sparselebi da qarTvelebi mdina reze, romelsac

hqvia liaxvi.

da iq moxda brZola maT Soris adgilze, romelsac hqvia

rexa341. da amowyda orivegan uricxvi, daiZlivnen sparselebi da

qarTvelebi da mokles mirdati da sparseTis erisTavi da mospes

maTi spa342.

meTeqvsmete mefe adami,

farsman qvelis Ze, arSakuniani

da dasves mefed farsman qvelis Ze, romelsac erqva adami343.

da mxolod sami weli mefobda da mokvda344. da darCa misi Ze, erTi

wlis yma wvili; da vidre aRizrdeboda is ymawvili, mefobda ad-

amis deda, farsman qvelis coli, romelsac saxelad erqva Rada-

na345. roca aRizarda far s m an qvelis Zis wuli, saxelad farsma n-

ive, mefobda igi346.

49

meCvidmete mefe, farsmani,

adamis Ze, arSakuniani347

xolo mefobda es farsmani mTel qarTlze da hyavda Ze da

uwoda saxelad amazaspi. da amis Semdeg mokvda farsmani da mis

Semdeg mefobda misi Ze amazaspi.

meTvramete mefe amazaspi,

farsmanis Ze, arSakuniani

xolo es amazaspi iyo kaci Zlieri da didi goliaTi, farsman qve-

lis msgavsi. da mis mefobaSi gadmovidnen osebi, didi spa, dvaleTis

gzaze348. xolo ver igrZno amazasp mefem osebis gadmosvla vidre

[maT mier] mTis gadmovlamde. movidnen osebi da da dgnen liaxvze rva

dRe dasasveneblad da arsad gavida marbieli [razmi], radgan qalaq

mcxeTis Sesamusrad iyvnen gadmosulebi349. maSin amazaspma mouwoda

qarTlis yvela erisTavs. da mo vidnen aRmosavleTis erisTavebi:

eris Tavi kaxeTisa, erisTavi xunanisa, erisTavi samSvildisa.

da Seikribnen spaspetis mxedrebi; da vidre dasavleTis eri-

sTavebis mosvlamde, osebi movidnen qalaqis CrdiloeT mxridan,

romelic aris muxrani.

maSin amazasp mefem gaavso cixeebi da mcxeTis kar ibWeebi laS-

q riT. da iyo qveiT mcxeT elTa simravle, romlebic karibWeebs da

zRu deebs icavdnen. maT [garda] kidev, romlebic gareT saomrad ga-

diodnen, iyo oc d aaTi aTasi qveiTi mTlianad da iqve [kidev] sxva,

ro melsac hyavda aTiaTasi mxedari. da gavida ama zaspi da gaanawila

is qveiTebi arag vis iqiT da aqeT, karibWeebis simag r e ebSi, xolo

mxed rebis laSqriT gavida adgilas, romelsac hqvia safurcle.

da daiWira zurgad qalaqi da is qveiTebi, romlebic daeyenebina

ka ribWeebSi. da daiwyes brZola bumberazebma. da gavida amazaspi

mSvil diT da daiwyo srola ficxeli guliT da Zlieri mklaviT.

im zomaze Sors isroda, rom dapirispirebiT mdgari osebi ver at -

50

yobdnen da verc xedavdnen siSoris gamo, Tu saerTod hqonda

mSvil di. da hkravda igi isars, romelsac [win] ver udgeboda saWur-

v lis simagre. da im dRes amazaspma TavisdaTavad mokla TxuTmeti

rCe uli bumberazi da mrvali cxeni. da amazaspis sxva bumberazeb-

mac mokles osebis mravali bumberazi; da didi vneba miayenes osebs.

im dRes Semovida amazaspi qalaqSi mxedari spiTurT, xolo

is qveiTebi idgnen iqve adgilze karibWeebSi. da im Rames moe-

matnen mxe drebi, romlebic ver wamoeyvanaT Tan erisTavebs maTi

siswrafis gamo.

da roca gaTenda, kvlav gavida iqve amazaspi da aiRo Subebi.

da gamovida osebisgan erTi kaci, romelsac erqva saxeli xu-

anxua350; igi gamorCeuli iyo osebis spas Soris. Sehyvira orivem

da Seuties erTmaneTs. da pirvelive misvlaze dasca horoli

amazaspma da gaatara zurgidan da mokla is. da amoRo xmali da

Seutia sxva bumberazebsac da mokla ori sxvac, Semobrunda da

Semovida qalaqSi mxedrebiTurT. xolo qveiTebi idgnen iqve

karibWeebSi da im Rames kvlav moematnen mxedrebi.

xolo ganizraxes Tavdasxma osebze. da gavida da [Tavs] daesxa

osebs ganTiadis Jams, mxedrebiTa da mTeli qveiTebiT, sZlia da

ga aq cia maTi razmi da mokla osebis mefe da mospo maTi mTeli

simravle.

da meore wels SemoierTa Zala somxeTidan da Sekriba mTeli

Tavisi spa da gadavida oseTSi. da veravin aRudga win. da moaoxra

oseTi da movida Sin gamarjvebuli.

da amis Semdeg SeuCnda silaRe da daiwyo mosisxleoba da

amowyvita mravali warCinebuli. da amisTvis moiZula igi qarT-

lis erma. da gadaemtera igi somxebs da Seiyvara spar selebi351.

maSin gadga dasavleTis xuTi erisTavi: egrisis ori erisTa-

vi, erTi oZrxis, erTi klarjeTisa da erTi wundis. SeeTqvnen

eseni somxebis mefes da iTxoves misi Ze mefed, radgan amazas-

pis diswuli iyo.

maSin somxebis mefe didi ZaliT gamoemarTa qarTlisken da

SemoierTa Zala saberZneTidanac. da SeeTqva osebsac, xolo os-

51

ebi sixaruliT wamovidnen, radgan maTi mosisxle iyo amazaspi. da

gadmovles Takveris gza352 da movidnen egrisis erisTavebTan.

maSin amazaspma mouwoda sparselebs da movidnen Zlieri

sparselebi. da Sekriba qarTvelebic, romlebic darCenoda. ma-

Sin osebma da megrelebma gadmovles mcire mTa da Seikribnen

isini da qarTlis gandgomili erisTavebi da movidnen yvela es-

eni somxebis mefis winaSe.

xolo gamoemarTa amazaspi da moegeba igi guTisxevSi353 da ar-

avin aRmoCnda imxela spaSi, berZnebs, somxebs, osebs, megrelebsa

da qarTvelebs Soris, amazaspTan calke SembrZolebeli. aramed

SeebrZolnen erTmaneTs is spani da Seiqna maT Soris brZola.

iZlia amazaspi da gaiqca misi spa. da mokles amazaspi da Semusres

misi spa da daipyres qarTli.

da datova somxebis mefem Tavisi Ze mefed qarTlSi, amazaspis

diswuli, saxelad revi.

mecxramete mefe, revi,

arSakuniani

da am revma moiyvana coli saberZneTidan, loRoTeTis354 asu-

li, saxelad sefelia355. da am sefeliam moitana Tan kerpi, saxelad

afroditos da aRmarTa mcxeTis Tavze. da uSva Ze [revs] da uwoda

saxelad vaCe.

es rev mefe TumcaRa iyo warmarTi, magram iyo mowyale da Semwe

yve la gaWirvebulisa. radgan gagonili hqonda mas mcirediT saxa-

reba Cveni uflis ieso qristesi da hqonda ram qristes siyvaruli.

da aman Tavis mefobaSi aRaravis miuteva qarTlSi ymawvilTa

kvla, romelsac mis uwin da pirvelad kerpTa mimarT Sewiravdnen

msxve rlad ymawvilebs da vidre igi iyo mefed, aRaravin klavda yma-

wvilebs kerpebisTvis, aramed cxvrisa da Zroxis Sewirva dauwesa.

amisTvisac ewoda mas rev marTali356. da mefobda es revi ke-

Tilad, da mokvda revi.

52

meoce mefe vaCe

revis Ze, arSakuniani

da amis Semdeg mefobda misi Ze, vaCe357.

ocdameerTe mefe bakuri,

vaCes Ze, arSakuniani

da vaCes Semdgom mefobda vaCes Ze, bakuri.

ocdameore mefe mirdati,

bakuris Ze, arSakuniani

da bakuris Semdeg mefobda bakuris Ze, mirdati.

ocdamesame mefe asfaguri,

mefe mirdatis Ze, arSakuniani

da mirdatis Semdeg mefobda misi Ze, asfaguri358. am asfagur-

ma aaSena cixe-qalaqi ujarma359.

xolo aleqsandres mefobidan es yvela mefe mefobda qarTl-

Si da iyvnen kerpTmsaxurebi.

da es asfaguri iyo farnavazianebis modgmis ukanaskneli

mefe. da amis dros gamefda sparseTSi qasre anuSirvan sasani-

ani360, romelmac mospo aJRalaniani mefeebi361, romelic cnobil-

ia ardaSirobiT362, rogorc weria `sparselebis cxovrebaSi~363.

xolo somxeTSi gamefda kosaro364.

da am kosaro somxebis mefem dauwyo brZola sparselebis

qasre mefes. da Seeweoda mas asfaguri, qarTve lebis mefe.

da es asfaguri uRebda ka v kasie lebis karebs da gamoiyvanda

osebs, lekebs da xazarebs, da midioda somxebis mefe kosarosTan

erTad sparse l e bTan sabrZolad.

da pirvelsave Sesvlaze sparseTSi SeebrZola qasre,

sparselebis mefe da gaaqcies igi da mospes misi spa. da im dro-

idan win veRar aRudga amaT spa r selebis is mefe da gaaxSires

sparseTSi Sesvla da sparseTis aoxreba365.

xolo dasruldnen farnavaziani qarTlis mefeebi.

53

Tavi meoTxe

sparselebis Semosvla qarTlSi da mirianis mefoba,

qasres Zisa

roca gaaqcies somxebma da qarT velebma da CrdiloeTis

modgmebma sparselebis mefe da gaaxSires sparseTSi Sesvla

da sparseTis aoxreba da vercerTxel ver daupirispirda maT

sparselebis mefe, maSin sparse l Ta me fem, mwuxarebiT savsem, mo-

u wo da qveynebis mTavrebs, pitiaxSebsa da eris Tavebs da iTaTbi-

ra da eZebda gamosavals Tavs datexili borotebisgan da aRuTq-

vamda did ZRvens da pativs [imas], vinc apovninebda Surisgebis

xerxs366.

xolo im krebulSi iyo erTi warCinebuli mTavari, saxelad

anaki, somxebis mefis, kosaros naTesavTagani. adga is, warmodga

da Tqva: `devnilia Cveni spa somxebis mefis, kosarosagan, amow-

yvetilebi arian Cveni mxedrebi da da s c emiaT maT SiSi da Zrwo-

la spar s e le bisa da gaZlierebulebi arian isini da ver ZalgviZs

maTTTan dapirispireba. axla es aris Cemi gan z rax va, rom mSvido-

biT da vedrebiTa da xarkis micemiT davamSvidoT kosaro mefe~.

es rac Tqva anakma, guliT [ki] ar Tqva, aramed [iq Sekrebil]

simravles ufaravda Tavisi gulis ganzraxvas. mieaxla mefes da

uTxra calke: `icode, rom araTu esaa Cemi ganzraxva, rac vTqvi,

aramed Rirsi gamxade Sen winaSe marto saubrisa da vauwyeb Sens

mefobas Cems guliszraxvas~.

da mis SemdegRa isaubres [sxva] warCinebulebma cal-calke

mefis winaSe da wa vidnen.

maSin farulad mouwoda mefem anaks da uTxra mefes anakma:

`mefeo, icocxle ukunisamde, me gipovi kosaroze Surisgebis xe-

rxs. waval masTan Cemi deda-wuliTurT da momendoba igi naTesao-

bis gamo da Senma bedma [netav] kargad gaWras da movklav im mefes da

davdeb Cems Tavs SenTvis~.

moewona es ganzraxva mefes. da mokle xanSi wamovida anaki da

misi Zma TavianTi ded-wuliTurT, viTomcda gandgomil[iyvnen]

54

sparselebis me fisagan. da mivida somxeTis sazRvrebSi, qalaqSi,

romelsac hqvia xilxala, somxebis mefis sazamTro adgilebSi.

ixila ra kosaro mefem [anaki], didi pativiT miiRo, radgan [anaki]

yoveli xerxiT Tavis mosvlas sandod aCvenebda da xedavda mefe,

rom mTeli Tavisi saxleuliT misdami moemarTa. maSin misca mas

mefem pativi, Tavis taxtze meore kacad aiyvana sixaruliT da

mSvidad dayves ra zamTris dReebi da movida zafxulis drois

dReebi da adidnen mdinareebi, wamovida mefe iqidan da movida

qalaq araratSi da gamzadebuliyo kosaro mefe kvlav sparseTSi

Sesasvlelad.

maSin erT dRes gavida mefe sanadirod da gahyvnen Tan anaki

da misi Zma, da waiRes alesili maxvilebi farulad bewvis sawvim-

ris qveS; da ipoves dro da mokles mefe da gaiqcnen.

xolo daedevnen somxeTis mTavrebi da mouswro zogma xidze

da zogma mouswro fonze da Seimwyvdies viwroSi; veravin wauvi-

da [mdevrebs] da mokles [anaki da misi Zmac] da mospes maTi yvela

naTesavi, mxolod gadarCa maTi ori Svili, romlebic gaaSores

maTma mamamZuZeebma: erTi gaiqca saberZneTis sazRvrebisken da

meore _ sparseTis sazRvrebisken.

roca esma es ambavi sparselebis mefes, qasre sasanians, aivso

sixaruliT da gamoemarTa mTeli misi ZaliT; movida pirvelad

somxeTSi da daipyro somxeTi, mospo da daatyveva somxebis mefis

yvela naTesavi367.

xolo kosaro mefis erTi Ze, mcire ymawvili, gaiqca saberZne-

Tis sazRv rebisken da iq izrdeboda, romelsac erqva Trdati368.

maSin, roca daipyro somxeTi sparselebis mefem da Semovida

qarTlSi, wavida asfaguri, qarTvelebis mefe oseTSi, rom Semoe-

matebina spa oseTidan da gaemagrebina cixe-qalaqebi.

xolo roca Sevida asfaguri oseTSi, ewia sikvdili da mokvda

iq369. am asfagurs ar hyavda Ze, aramed erTi asuli. maSin Seikriba

qarTlis yvela erisTavi mcxeTa qalaqSi spaspetTan, romelsac

erqva maeJani370. moiTaTbires erTad mwuxarebiT savseebma da

Tqves: `ar vaufloT Cvens gulebze mwuxareba, raTa ar wagverT-

55

vas goniereba, aramed veZioT Cveni gaWirvebisa da gansacdelis

saSveli~.

maSin Tqva maeJan spaspetma: `rom iyos CvenTan imodena Zala,

Cvenc asjer met sparsels gavuswordebodiT, dav d ebdiT Cvens

Tavebsac sasikvdilod da win aRvudgebodiT maT da rom dar-

Ceniliyo Cveni mefis memkvidre an Cveni mefeebis Camomavali,

romelic Rirsi iqneboda mefobisa, davdgebodiT cixe-qalaqeb-

Si da davdebdiT Cvens Tavebsac sasikvdilod da SevWamdiT kacis

xo rcsac, rogorc uwin Cveni mamebi. ma g ram mosul droebas amg-

varad moutania, rom moikla sparse lebis mier somxeTis is didi

mefe, waRebulia somxeTi, romelsac esazRvreboda Cveni samefo

da dauRia Tavisi piri sparse lebis mefes mTeli qveynierebis

STansaTqmelad. aravin aris CvenTan misi winaaRmdgomi da darCe-

nilebi varT Cven oblad, rogorc umwyemso cxvrebi. axla es aris

Cemi ganzraxva, rom mivegeboT win sparselebis mefes da davemor-

CiloT da viTxovoT misgan wyaloba da viTxovoT misgan misi Ze

Cvens mefed da vevedroT, rom SerTos colad Tavis Zes Cveni me-

fis, asfaguris asuli. vauwyoT im qalis qarTlosianebis da ne-

broTianebis da didebuli arSakunianebis da Cveni farnavaziani

mefeebis naTesaoba da viTxovoT misgan Cveni mamebis rjulze

daWera da viTxovoT CvenSi sparselebis araRreva da Cveni

warCinebuladve datoveba, iqneb Seiwynaros es Cveni vedreba da

es yvelaferi hqnas CvenTvis da Tuki Cveni mamebis rjuls wag-

varTmevs da Cvenze sparselebs daayenebs warCinebulad da Cveni

mefeebis modgmas amowyvets, maSin sikvdili umjobesia CvenTvis,

vidre amgvari ramis naxva, davsxdeT Cvenda Tavad cixe-qalaqeb-

Si da amovwydeT yvelani~371.

maSin daemowma yvela erisTavi maeJan spaspetis ganzraxvas

da gagzavnes Suamavali sparselTa mefis winaSe da moaxsenes es

yvelaferi, rac ganez raxaT.

xolo gamoikiTxa sparselebis mefem pirvelad qalaq mcxeTis

Sesaxeb da uTxres misi sigane da sigrZe da xazarebisa da osebis

siaxlove.

56

da mere gamoikiTxa asfaguris asulis gvariSviloba da uTxres

[misi] naTesaoba nebroTianebTan da arSakunianebTan da farnava-

zianebTan. Zalian moewona sparselebis mefes es da Seiwynara

qarTvelebis vedreba, radgan TviTonac ukeTesad miiCnia misi Zis

mcxeTaSi mefed dasma, radgan somxeTisa da qarTlis, ranisa da

mTeli im mxaris yvela qalaqs Soris umetesad da umagresad miiC-

nia da Crdiloeli mtrebis siaxloves, rom ebrZolos maT iqidan

da daipyros mTeli kavkasielebi372. aRusrula yvela is saTxovari

qarTvelebs da misca yvelaferze fici da RTqma. da movida mcx-

eTaSi da miegeba maeJan spaspeti da qarTlis yvela erisTavi. maSin

moiyvanes asfagur mefis asuli samSvildidan, romelsac erqva

abeSura373 da SerTo igi sparselebis mefem Tavis Zes, romelic iq

Tan hyavda, Svidi wlis, mxevlis naSobi, romelsac erqva sparsu-

lad mihrani, xolo qarTulad miriani374.

es miriani is aris, romelmac siberis Jams scno dambade-

beli RmerTi da miiRo mociqulebis saxareba wminda ninos

mier da gaxda aRmsarebeli wminda samebisa da Tayvanismce-

meli patiosani jvrisa375.

[Tavi mexuTe]

ocdameoTxe mefe miriani,

sparselebis mefis Ze, xosroiani

axla vaxsenoT mirianis cxovreba, qasre ardaSir sasanianis376

Zis.

roca Seiwynara qasre mefem qarTve lebis vedreba da SerTo

Tavis Zes, mirians qarTvelebis mefis asuli da misca qarTve-

lebs mefed Tavisi Ze da dasva mcxeTas. da misca qarTli, somx-

eTi, rani, movakani da hereTi377.

da iyo miriani maSin Svidi wlis. da Tan hyavda qasre mefes mir-

ianis deda da ar datova igi mirianTan, radgan uyvarda mirianis

57

deda, rog o rc Tavisi Tavi, aramed datova mamamZuZed da gamge-

blad erTi warCinebuli, romelsac erqva saxelad mirvanozi.

da datova ormoci aTasi rCe uli sparseli mxedari da ar daay-

ena qarTlis sazRvrebSi is sparselebi im ficis gamo, romelic Se-

ficuli iy o qarT ve lebisadmi, aramed daayena hereTSi da movakanSi

da somxeTSi.

xolo ubrZana mirvanozs, rom im sparselTagan rCeuli Svidi

aTasi mxe dari sul qalaqSi378 iyolios Tavisi Zis mcvelad. da ase

daezava qarT velebs, rom karibWeebi da cixeebi da yvela qalaqi

ekavos sparseTis laS qars da [rom] sxva sparselebis simravle

ar iyos qarTlis qveyanaSi areulad; `da iyos Cemi Svili orive

rjulze: Cveni mamebis cecxlmsaxurebaze da Tqveni kerpebi-

saze~, radgan Tavdapirveladve amaze moeca fici. da wavida mefe

da aiRo kavkasielebis yvela xevi da dasva yvelgan mTavrebi da

ubrZana yvela maTgans, rom iyvnen misi Zis, mirianis morCilebi,

da ubr Za na mirians, Tavis Zes da mis mamamZuZes mirvanozs, rom

ebrZolon xazarebs da wavida mefe sparseTSi.

xolo am mirvanozma Semata qarTlis yvela simagres da yvela-

ze umetesad moamtkica nekres qalaqis zRu deebi. da aRizarda mi-

ri a ni im Svidi kerpisa379 da cecxlis msaxurebaSi380, xo lo Seiyvara

qar Tvelebi da daiviwya sparsuli ena da iswavla qarTuli ena da

uma ta kerpebisa da bomonebis Semkobas, keTilad epyroboda kerpTa

qurumebs da qarTlis yvela mefeze umetesad aRasrulebda im kerpe-

bis msaxurebas da Seamko farnavazis saflavi381. xolo es yve laferi

qarT velebis mosawonad gaakeTa382 da keTilad epyrobo da qarTve-

lebs ZRveniTa da yvelanairi didebiT. da Seiyvara igi mTe l ma qarT-

velobam yvela mefeze umetesad. da mefobda ase miriani mcxe Tis

gaRma qarTlSi, somxeTSi, ranSi, hereTSi, movakanSi da egrisSi.

da roca Seiqna miriani TxuTmeti wlis, moukvda coli, qarT-

velTa mefis asuli da amaze dasrulda qarTlSi farnavaziani

mefeebis mefoba da de dofloba383.

maSin Sewuxda mTeli qarTveloba maTi dedoflis sikvdi-

lis gamo, magram darCnen mirianis erTgulebaze, radgan saer-

58

Tod aRaravin iyo farnavazianebis Camomavali, romelic Rir-

si iyo qarTvelebis mefobisa. da ase Seitkbes, am mizezis gamo,

mirianis mefoba.

xolo mirian mefem umata qarT velebs sikeTe, da moiyvana coli

saberZneTidan, pontodan, oligotosis384 asuli, saxelad nana.

da daiwyo brZola xazarebTan da mudmivad ebrZoda.

xan ganudgebodnen mirians lekebi da gamoiyvandnen ra isini

xazarebs Tavis Semwed, miegebeboda maT win mir ia ni hereTSi an mo-

vakanSi da iq eb r Z oda maT. da xan durZukebsa da did oebs Semoi-

erTebdnen da gamoiyv andnen xazarebi, da maSin maT ebrZoda.

da verasodes sZlies xazarebma da yovelTvis miriani Zlevda.

da ase mravaljer gadaixada xazarebTan brZola. da ufro

meti laSqroba misi iyo darubandSi, radgan movidodnen xazare-

bi da moadgebodnen darubands, rom aeRoT da gaexsnaT farTo

kari da iqidan daewyoT gasvla sparselebze.

xolo rodesac movidodnen xazarebi darubandSi, maSin wavi-

doda mirianic darubandis saSvelad. xan uomrad gaeridebodnen

es xazarebi mirians da xanac brZoliT gaaqcevda igi.

xolo roca gaxda miriani ormoci wlis, maSin mokvda mamamisi,

sparselebis mefe da dajda mis Semdeg mefed sparseTSi mirianis

umcrosi Zma, ro m el sac erqva bartami385.

da roca esma es mirians, mouwoda mis mTel spas, Sekriba da

gaemarTa baRdadSi, raTa damjdariyo mamamisis taxtze.

maSin misma Zmam Sekriba uricxvi spa da miegeba sabrZolve-

lad nisibinis xevze. da roca naxes sparseTis uxucesebma da

marzapanebma, rom maxvili unda dascen erTmaneTs, dadgnen maT

Soris Suamavlad da moTaTbired da daTanxmda orive mefe maT

bWobas386. da dasxdnen ra saTaTbirod, maSin mirianma Tqva sar-

Celi: `pirmSo Svili var me mamaCemisa da saufliswulod meboZa

mklaviT waRebuli ucxo qveynebi da mTeli Cemi dReebi iq dami-

yvia xazarebTan brZolaSi da mravaljer Cemi sisxliT damicavs

sparseTi xazarebisgan. amitom Cemi aris mamaCemis taxti~. xolo

bartami ambobda amaze, rom: `Tumca pirmSo miriani aris, magram

59

mxevlis naSobi aris da mxevlis naSobs eyofa bedisgan [xvedrad

is] samefoebi, rac mas xvdomia. xolo me naSobi var hindoelebis

mefis asulis, sparselebis dedoflisa da gsmeniaT mamaCemis

anderZi da ginaxavT, rom Tavisi xeliT damadga gvirgvini Cems

Tavze~.

xolo maT ibWes da misces sparseTis mefoba bartams, xolo

mirians gulis dasamSvideblad misces bartamis [wili]dan

jazireTi da Samis387 naxevari da adarbadagani388 da es yvelaferi

qarTls, somxeTs, rans, hereTs da movakans zed daurTes.

da wamovida miriani.

xolo vidre miriani jer iq iyo, gadmoiares osebma feroSi da

kavtia389 da aaoxres qarTli. xolo miriani gare-gare gadavida

oseTSi, moaoxra oseTi da miaRwia xazareTamde da gadmoiara

dvaleTis gza da movida Sin.

da amis Semdeg ramdenime weliwadSi Cveulebisamebr movid-

nen xazarebi sabrZolvelad darubandTan.

xolo miriani wavida darubandis saSvelad da vidre igi iq

iyo xazarebTan brZolaSi, maSin guTebis mefe uricxvi spiT Sevi-

da saberZneTSi390.

xolo berZnebis mefe Seikriba didi spiT da win aRudga. maSin

guTebis mefem sTxova pirispir brZola keisars, xolo keisars

ar ZaluZda masTan brZola, magram iyo berZnebis spaSi somxebis

mefis, kosaros Ze, saxelad Trdati, romelic vaxseneT zemoT.

aRzrdiliyo igi saberZneTSi da iyo igi goliaTi. im dros iyo

igi berZnebis spasTan da is gamoarCia berZnebis mTelma spam da

Semoses is keisris samosliTa da saWurvliT da keisris saxiT

gaugzavnes sabrZolvelad guTebis me fes. gamovida iqidan guTe-

bis mefe da Seuties erTmaneTs sabrZolvelad. sZlia Trdatma

da xeliT Seipyro, da gaaqcies guTebis razmi. xolo keisarma

misca spa Trdats da gamogzavna somxeTSi, Tavis mamulSi391. gam-

ovidnen somxeTSi da gaaZeves mirianis erisTavebi392.

maSin miriani Sebrunda xazarebis brZolidan da moiyvana

sparseTidan Tavisi axlobeli, mefeTa Camomavali, saxelad fer-

60

ozi393 da man moiyola Tan didi spa. da am ferozs misca mirianma

Tavisi asuli colad da misca qveyana xunanidan bardavamde, mt-

kvris orive mxare, da daayena igi erisTavad iq394. da sxva Zalac

moi rTo spar seTidan da dauwyo brZola Trdats.

xolo roca moirTavda Trdati Zalas saberZneTidan, Se-

moutevda mirians, mas [ki] ar hqonda dapirispirebis Zala da

amagrebda cixe-qalaqebs, da moivlida Trdati mis qveyanas. da

roca gaZlierdeboda miriani sparse Tidan, ma Sin win ver aRudge-

boda Trdati da moivlida miriani somxeTs.

da ase daucxromlad iyo SfoTi maT Soris mraval wels da

aravin aRmoCenila arasdros sparselebs Soris TrdatTan cal-

ke SembrZolebeli. da saxelovani Seiqna igi mTel qveyanaze da

sZlevda yovelTvis masTan mebrZolebs, rogorc weria misi am-

bavi `somxebis cxovrebaSi~395.

amis Semdeg gamefda sparseTSi mirianis da bartamis mesame

Zma396, romelmac gamougzavna mirians Suamavali da uTxra: `rom

SevikriboT da gadaviaroT somxeTi da SevideT saberZneTSi~.

maSin gamovida sparselebis mefe da miegeba miriani da Seikri-

ba uricxvi simravle, rogorc velis Tiva da xeTa foTlebi _

simravliT. da gadaiares somxeTi da win ver aRudga Trdati,

aramed gaamagra cixe-qalaqebi. da moaoxres somxeTi da Sevid-

nen saberZneTSi. da win ver aRudga maT berZnebis mefe konstan-

tine da Cavarda did mwuxarebaSi397. da roca daiwyes saberZneTis

mooxreba, maSin daarwmunes mefe konstantine viRac RvTismsax-

urma kacebma da uTxres, rom: `vixileT qristes sakvirveleba da

mterTa Zleva misi mosavebisgan, [Tu] qristes yvela mosavi jvr-

is wina mZRolobiT rogor sZlevs Tavis mtrebs~. xolo konstan-

tine mefem irwmuna maTi, rogorc weria es cxadad `berZnebis mo-

qcevaSi~, moinaTla konstantine da wamoiZRvania jvris niSani da

SeebrZola mters, im uricxv sparselebs, mcire spiT da qristes

ZaliT gaaqcia maTi razmi da mospo maTi simravle398. da garbo-

da is ori Zma mcire mxedrobiTRa da mihyva ukan konstantine da

Sevida maT sazRvrebSi399.

61

da sparsTa mefe Sevida sparseTSi ltolvili, xolo miriani

dadga qarT l Si da gaamagra cixe-qalaqebi.

uRono Seiqna miriani da SeeSinda qarTlidan sruliad gan-

devnisa, radgan amowyvetiliyo im brZolaSi misi yvela warCineb-

uli, sparselebi da qarTvelebi.

da amitomac gagzavna Suamavali konstantine mefis winaSe da

iTxova misgan mSvidoba da aRuTqva mas msaxureba da sparselebi-

sgan gandgoma da misdami mimxroba, rac moewona konstantines,

radgan SiSi hqonda kvlav sparselebis mefisa da daxmarebisaT-

vis daezava mirians. da aiyvana mirianis Svili mZevlad, romel-

sac erqva ba qa ri400, da daamoyvra Trdati da miriani da daamzaxa

erTmaneTs, radgan misca Trdatma Tavisi asuli, romelsac erqva

salome, mirianis Zes colad, romelsac erqva revi401. da miuCina

sazRvari mirians da Trdats ase:

romeli qveynebis mdinareebic mie di nebian samxreTiT da

erTvian araqss, es mxareebi Trdatis mxares datova, da romeli

mxareebis mdinareebic CrdiloeTiT miedinebian da erTvian mtk-

vars, eseni mirianis mxares datova.

da dauwesa ra es konstantine mefem da gaxda ra maTi Suam-

dgomeli, wavida Tavis samefoSi402.

da mefobda miriani iq: qarTlSi, ranSi, hereTSi, da movakanSi.

da hqonda egrisic vidre egriswylamde.

da misca Tavis Zes, revs saufliswulod kaxeTi da kuxeTi da

dasva igi ujarmaSi, revi da misi coli salome, Trdatis asuli

da cxovrobdnen isini ujarmaSi.

xolo ferozs, mirianis siZes hqonda mxare, romelic zemoT

vaxseneT, mirianisgan micemuli da iyo igi iq erisTavad.

im dros mosuli iyo wminda da netari deda da embazi Cveni403

nino da daeyo mcxeTaSi sami weli da gaecxadebina qristes rju-

lis qeba da axdenda kurnebebs wamlis gareSe da xmamaRla daewyo

mas Cveni RmerTis, qristes WeSmariti rjulis qeba404.

62

leonti mroveli

mirian mefis moqceva da masTan erTadmTeli qarTlisa wminda da netari Cveni

dedis nino mociqulis mier

Tavdapirvelad vaxsenoT Cveni wminda da netari dedis da

mTeli qarTlis ganmanaTleblis, nino mociqulis cxovreba,

romelic TviT man netarmave mogviTxro misi aRsrulebis Jams,

romelic aRwera morwmune dedofalma salome ujarmelma, mir-

ian mefis Ziscolma, Trdat somxebis mefis asulma405.

da iyo im dros, roca wminda giorgi kabadukieli iwama qrist-

esTvis406, iyo kabadukiis qalaqidan407 erTi kaci mTavarTa swori408,

RvTis mona, saxelad zabuloni, da is wavida romSi mefis winaSe

samsaxureblad da wyalobis misaRebad misgan409. da imave xanebSi

erTi kaci iyo kolastraSi410 da hyavda ori Svili, Ze da asuli. da

saxeli misi Zis [iyo] iobenali, xolo asulisa _ sosana. da roca

aResrulnen es meuRleebi da darCa is da-Zma oblad da adgnen da

wavidnen isini wminda qalaq ierusalimSi da daiimedes yvela qris-

tianis sasoeba _ wminda aRdgoma da Tavi Seavedres iq411. sadac es

Zma iobenali ewia devtalarobas412, xolo is misi da sosana msax-

urebda niafors413, sara beTlemels. xolo is kabadukieli Wabuki,

saxelad zabuloni, romelic [zemoT] vaxseneT, miiwia mefis winaSe

romSi. da dadgomilebi iyvnen im dros branjebi414 romaelebTan

sabrZolvelad patalanis velze415. da misca ufalma zabulons, im

kabadukiel Wabuks Zala uZleveli da gauwia uzomo winaaRmdego-

ba mters da gaaqcia branjebi da Seipyro branjebis mefe da yvela

63

maTi mTavari da miiyvana isini mefis winaSe416. xolo mefem ganaCina

maTi sikvdili. maSin daiwyes tirili im branjebma da evedrebodnen

zabulons: `mogveci pirvelad Tqveni rjuli da Segviyvane Tqveni

RvTis taZarSi da maSinRa dadges Cveni sikvdili, radgan Sen Segvip-

yar, Senve aRasrule es Cvenze da ubralo iqnebi Cveni sisxlisagan,

axovano~. xolo zabulons rogorc [ki] es esma, swrafad auwya me fes

da patriarqs417 maTi sityva. da naTelsces maT zabulonis xelqveS

da Seiyvanes RvTis taZarSi, aziares wminda saidumloebs, qristes

xorcsa da sisxls da uCvenes maT mociqulTa is didebani418. da

diliT adre adgnen is branjebi da Seimoses samkvdro samoseli da

gavidnen kacTa saklav sasisxle adgilas, loculobdnen da hmad-

lobdnen RmerTs naTlisRebisaTvis da ambobdnen: `Cven sikvdilSi

ukvdavebi varT, radgan Rirsi gagvxada RmerTma amgvari dide-

bis misaRebad, im gamouleveli sagzlisa _ xorcisa da sisxlisa

qristesi419, ukvdavi RvTis Zis, romelic umaRlesia yvela mTaze

da uqvesknelesi _ yvela ufskrulze, radgan igi aris kurTxeuli

ukunisamde. xolo vai Cvens Svilebs, simwris nayofT da sibnelis

mkvidrebs~. da iZaxdnen: `movides jalaTi da wagvacalos Cvengan

Cveni Tavebi~. xedavda ra amas zabuloni, aRelda gonebiT da tiro-

da mwared, radgan rogorc cxvrebma TavianTi Tavebi dasaklavad

moidrikes, sasikvdilod gaewvdinaT da rogorc kravebs, TavianT

Svilebs sawyaloblad iglovdnen. maSin maTi Semwyalebeli zabu-

loni Sevida mefis winaSe, gamoiTxova isini mefisgan, samkvdrod

gamzadebulebi da mimadla mefem da uTxra: `miboZebia isini SenT-

vis da rac gnebavs is uyav maT~. maSin zabulonma gauSva isini. xolo

isini evedrebodnen zabulons, rom wahyves maT qveyanaSi da misces

qristes rjuli, wyliT naTlisReba mTel maT xalxs. xolo man Seis-

mina maTi vedreba da moiTxova mRvdeli patriarqisgan da brZaneba

miiRo mefisagan da wavidnen sixaruliT. da roca miuaxlovdnen

erTi dRis savalze, mivida manamde ambavi, rom: `mefe cocxali

aris, modis da yvela mTavari masTan erTad~. maSin daiZra aTi sa-

erisTavo: xozama, xoza, gaaxlaja, xonebaga, xingaraga, zaja, zaga,

zarda, zamra da samefo Tmonidi420 da miegebebodnen es yvelani did

64

da Rrma mdinareze421. da gahyo mefem is xalxi da daayena wylis iqiT

da aqeT. akurTxes im mRvdlebma is wyali da Cavida mTeli xalxi

im wyalSi, ganibannen da amovidnen erT amosasvlelSi da adebda

mRvdeli Tavis xels mTel im xalxs. da iyo iq [zabuloni] aTi dRe.

da aziara mTeli is xalxi qristes saidumlos, datova mRvdlebi da

dauwesa qristianobis yvela wesi422.

amis Semdeg wavida maTgan, dautova yvelas mSvidoba da wavida

didZali saCuqrebiT romisken da ganizraxa Tavis gonebaSi: `wav-

ide ierusalimSi da vamsaxuro es Cemi saCuqrebi RvTis adgilebs~.

da wavida ierusalimisken da roca miaRwia ierusalims, gauyo

mTeli Tavisi monagebi glaxakebs RvTis mcnebis gamo. da naxa, rom

Tavdapirvelad naxsenebi is devtalari, patriarqi gamxdariyo

da Zalze daumegobrdnen erTmaneTs zabuloni da is patriarqi423.

maSin uTxra sara nia forma patriarqs ase, rom: `es zabuloni _

mama da embazi branjTa424, kaci sruli RvTismoSiSebiTa da yovel-

nairad sibrZniT aris. mieci Seni da sosana colad mas~.

marTlac, moewona wminda patriarqs sara niaforis es ganz-

raxva da misca sosana colad zabulons.

da wavida zabuloni Tavis qalaqSi, kolastraSi425. es wminda

nino, qarTlis moZRvari, maTgan iSva mxolod erTi, sxva Svilis

gareSe426. da aRzarda dedamisma sosanam glaxakTa msaxurebaSi.

xolo roca gaxda nino Tormeti wlis427, maSin gayides misma

mSoblebma yvelaferi, rac hqondaT da wavidnen ierusalimSi da

gauyves glaxakebs. xolo miaRwies ra ierusalims, maSin zabulonma

daiwera jvari patriarqisagan da gaimijna Tavisi colisagan da Cai-

kra Tavis mkerdSi Tavisi asuli, wminda nino da daRvara, rogorc wy-

aro, cremlebi Tavis Tvalebidan ninos saxeze da uTxra: `Sen, erTa-

derTo asulo Cemo, ager gtoveb Sen oblad Cemgan da migabareb caTa

mamas, yovelTa gamzrdel RmerTs. radgan igia oblebis mama da qvr-

ivebis gamkiTxavi. nu geSinia, Svilo Cemo! oRond Sen mariam magdane-

lis428 Suri gadaiRe qristes siyvarulisTvis da lazares im debis429.

da, Tu Sen iseve Seiyvareb mas, rogorc maT Seiyvares, man aseve mogc-

es Sen yvelaferi, rasac iTxov misgan~. xolo es rom Tqva, dautova

65

saukuno ambori da wavida iordanes gaRma, im velur kacebTan, sadac

misi saqmeebi icis RmerTma, yovlismcodned dambadebelma430.

xolo wminda ninos deda misca patriarqma msaxurad glax-

ak dedebs da uZlurebs da wminda nino emsaxureboda dvinel

somex niafors ori weli431 da ekiTxeboda sul qristes vnebebis

Sesaxeb: jvarcmis, daflvisa da misi aRdgomis da im samoslisa

da tiloebisa da sudarisa da jvrisa da sxva [ambebs] yvelafers

TanmimdevrobiT ekiTxeboda, radgan [maSin] aravin iyo da arc

[manamde] yofiliyo vinme ierusalimSi misi toli Zveli da axali

rjulis codniT, yvelafris _ zedmiwevniT.

xolo daiwyo man Txroba misTvis da uTxra: `vxedav, Cemo Svi-

lo, Sens Zalas rogorc Zu lomis Zalas, rome lic dahRrialebs

yvela oTxfexs, Tugind rogorc dedali orbisas, romelic ma-

malze ufro adis haeris simaRleSi da mTel xmeleTs Tavisi Tva-

lis gugaSi mcire margalitis tolad Caisvams, Sexedavs da gan-

Wvrets Tavis saWmels cecxlisebr, xolo dainaxavs ra, miuSvebs

frTebs da Seutevs mas432. aseve iqneba Seni cxovreba suliwmindis

winamZRvrobiT. axla ki daviwyeb da mogiTxrob yvelafers:

radgan, rodesac ixiles is ukvdavi RmerTi433 mokvdavma

kacebma am qveynad, romelic mosuliyo warmarTebis mosawode-

blad, radgan TviTon ineba qveynierebis xsna, daiwyo sikeTis

keTeba huriebisTvis: mkvdrebis aRdgineba, brmebis Tvalisaxe-

la, sne ulTa gankurneba. es SeSurdaT [huriebs] da ibWes da gag-

zavnes mxedrebi yvela qveyanaSi saswrafod huriebis mosayvanad

da Tqves, rom: `aha, ager viRupebiT, modiT da SeikribeT yvela~.

maSin movida yvela qveynidan uricxvi kaci, moses rjulis mcod-

neebi, romlebic winaRudgnen wminda suls da rac ki iyo gasakeTe-

beli qristesTvis, maT aRasrules, radgan jvars acves434 da mis

samoselze wili iyares435 da Sexvda wiliT Crdiloel mcxeTel

moqalaqeebs is ukeravi kvarTi436. xolo dafles im uriebma ieso

da daxures misi saflavi, magram igi aRdga, rogorc Tqva Tavda-

pirvelad da is tiloebi ipoves im saflavSi437. roca gaTenda, es

yvelaferi naxa pilatem438 da movida pilatec da pilates colic

66

qristes saflavTan. da is tiloebi, rogorc ipovnes, wamoiRo pi-

lates colma da wavida swrafad pontoSi, Tavis saxlSi da gaxda

qristes morwmune439. xolo ramdenime xnis Semdeg [es tiloebi]

moxvda luka maxareblis xelSi da daawyo man isini, sadac Tvi-

Ton icis. xolo sudara ar aRmoCnda, TumcaRa Tqves viRaceebma

petreze, rom: `[man] moaxerxa [sudaris] aReba da hqonda maso~.

magram cxadad ar gviTxres [es ambavi], [isev] rogorc sxva ram440.

xolo is jvrebi441 am qalaqSive, ierusalimSi arian damarxulebi,

magram maTi adgili aravin icis. rodesac inebebs RmerTi, isinic

gamoCndeba~442. roca esma es yvelaferi wminda ninos niaforisgan,

misca kurTxeva da madli RmerTs. da kvlav hkiTxa mas, rom: `sad

aris CrdiloeTis is qveyana, saidanac mosul im huriebs wilad xv-

daT da waiRes Cveni uflis, ieso qristes is samoseli?~. miugo da

uTxra sara niaforma, rom: `aris aRmosavleTiT qalaqi saxelad

mcxeTa, qarTlis qveyana da somxeTis mTiuleTi sawarmarTo,

magram am droSi uJikTa443 sagamgeblod Seqmnila igi~. xolo im

dReebSi movida viRac qali efesodan444 wminda aRdgomis Tayvanis

sacemad445 da ekiTxeboda im qals niafori, rom: `elene dedofa-

li446 isev iseTive cdomasa da bnelSi aris?~. xolo man uTxra ase,

rom: `me var maTi mxevali da maTi yvela ganzraxvis, cxadisa da

farulis, mcodne da vici me misi [ambavi], rom aqvs mas didi sur-

vili, qristes rjulisa da naTlisRebisaTvis~. xolo esma ra es

im qalisagan wminda ninos, uTxra niafors ase, rom: `gamgzavne me

da mival elene dedoflis winaSe, iqneb davuaxlovde mis winaSe

qristeze sasaubrod~. xolo niaforma auwya patriarqs ninos es

sawadeli da ambavi. xolo [ninos] dedisZmam mouwoda wminda ni-

nos, Tavis diswuls da daayena wminda sakurTxevlis aRsavalze

da daawyo misi wminda xelebi mis mxrebze, Sestira cas Tavisi

gulis siRrmidan da Tqva: `ufalo, RmerTo saukuneTao, Sens xe-

lebs Sevavedreb am Cems obol dis Svils da vagzavni Seni RvTae-

briobis saqadageblad, rom axaros Seni aRdgoma; sadac Sen inebo

misi svla, iyav, qriste RmerTo, amis Tanamgzavri, navsadguri,

moZRvari da enis mcodne, rogorc amaze win [myof] Senis saxelis

67

moSiST~447. da gaaSora Tavisi dedisgan ganSorebis amboriT da

gamosaxa masze jvris saswauli da ase RvTis mimarT locviTa da

kurTxeviT gauSva448.

da gaemarTa wminda nino efesodan mosul im qalTan erTad da

roca miaRwies romis samefos, im qalis saxlSi, romlis Tanamg-

zavric gaxda, ipoves iq viRac dedofali da mefeebis naTesavi,

saxelad rifsime da misi dedamZuZe gaiane449, qalwulebis monas-

terSi, romlebsac qristes aRsarebis survili hqondaT da elo-

dnen ierusalimidan naTlisRebas. maSin im qalma moiyvana wminda

nino da misca wminda rifsimes da auwya misi ambavi, romelic naxa

ra qristesmoyvare rifsimem, sixaruliT Seitkbo da miiRo Tavis

saxlSi, Tavis winaSe, wminda nino im Tanamgzavris qalis xelidan.

da ase iyo ra masTan wminda nino, imave weliwads moinaTla rif-

sime, risi survilic hqonda da masTan erTad gaianec, misi de-

damZuZe da mis saxlSi mcxovrebi sxvebic, ricxviT ormocdaaTi

suli, wminda ninos xels qveS moinaTlnen. da wavida es yvela Ta-

vianT monasterSi da da iyo maTTan erTad wminda nino ori weli.

im dReebSi gagzavna keisarma [xalxi] lamazi da mSvenieri

qalis mosaZebnad, rom epovnaT misi Rirsi coli. da roca mi-

aRwies im maZieblebma qalwulTa im monasters da ixiles rif-

sime da naxes misi garegnoba da gamoikiTxes misi gvariSviloba,

radgan aravin iyo saxiT rifsimes msgavsi da gamosaxes misi saxe

ficarze da gagzavnes keisris winaSe, moewona keisars da aivso

sixaruliT da gadawyvita qorwilis gadaxda didi sixaruliT,

risTvisac swrafad miavlina elCebi da gamgeblebi mTeli Tavis

sabrZanebelSi, rom yvela Seikribos ZRveniT da didi sixaruliT

movidnen mefis brZanebaze samefo qorwilSi. xolo ixiles ra im

yvela wmindanma mtris faruli veragoba da misi gaxurebuli

isrebi, romliTac miiswrafoda wminda qalwulebze sasrolad,

Sewuxdnen, radgan risxvis WurWeli aRmoCnda mefe, rogorc

gveli, romelic samoTxeSi alaparakda450, aseve aqac mis msgavsad

[laparakobda] _ es urjulo, romelsac hqonda Seryvnili Tay-

vaniscema bilwi da saZageli kerpebisa.

68

xolo naxes ra netarma rifsimem, gaianem da sxva im wminda da

yovladqebulma dedebma maTze mowevnuli es gansacdeli, maSin

gaixsenes maT is ubiwo aRTqma da qebis Rirsi martoobaSi cxov-

reba, romelSic iyvnen damoZRvrilebi da godebiT tirodnen

urjulo mefis winaSe wminda rifsimes mSvenierebis gacnobas,

rom elic gamoxatuli gaugzavnes. lo cu lobdnen daucxromlad

da umkac res kanonebs Seuyenes sakuTari Tavi, eved rebodnen

yovladmowyale RmerTs mravali vedrebiT. da erTianad, erT-

maneTSi ganzraxviT yvelam datova is qv e yana farulad, ormoc-

dacametma su l ma da moaRwies ltolvilebma somxeTis mxareebsa

da midamoebs, im adgils, romelsac hqvia axalqalaqi, valeris451

aSenebuls, romelic aris dvini, somxebis mefis samyofeli.

da Sevidnen iq sawnaxelis karvebSi, romlebic aSenebuli iyo

CrdiloeTis mxares da aRmosavleTiT, da sazrdoobdnen iq Ta-

vianTi xelsaqmis gayidviT.

ixila ra keisarma, rom gaeridnen xelidan da misi boroti

trfialebisgan wminda rifsime da sxva misTanebi, aivso unugeSo

mwuxarebiT da gagzavna kacebi yvela adgilas maT mosaZebnad.

maSin movidnen keisris elCebi Trdatis, somxebis mefis452 winaSe

da moarTves keisris werili, romelSic ewera ase: TviTmpyro-

beli keisari sayvarel Zmas da megobars da Cems Tanamosaydres,

Trdats mogikiTxav. icodes Senma Zmobam da TanaSemweobam, risT-

visac yvelanairad vitanjebiT _ im Semcdari qristiani xalx-

isagan. radgan yvelanairad Seuracxyofili xdeba Cveni ufleba

maTi krebulisgan da dasawuni gaxda Cveni xelmwifeba maTgan.

radgan isini viRac mkvdar jvarcmuls emsaxurebian da Zels

scemen Tayvans da kacTa Zvlebs scemen pativs da sakuTari Tavis

sikvdili maTi uflisTvis didebaT SeuracxavT da ar eSiniaT hu-

riebis da im huriebisagan moklulis da jvarcmulis eSiniaT da

Semcdarni arian. mefeebs agineben, RmerTebs Seuracxyofen da

naTeli mzis, mTvarisa da varskvlavebis Zalasac arad dagide-

ven, aramed maT im jvarcmulis mier Seqmnilad acxadeben. da ise

Seabrunes qveyana, rom mamakacebi qalebisgan da qalebi mamakace-

69

bisgan si c o cxleSive ganeSorebian. da Tumca didi muqariTa da

didZali tanjviT amovwyviteT, magram kvlavac ufro metad gam-

ravldnen. xolo axla me momixda xilva maTi modgmisgan erTi

axalgazrda qalisa da ganvizraxe misi CemTvis colad moyvana,

xolo mas Cemi arc rogorc mefis survili uTxra misma gulma,

aramed saZulvelad da arawmindad Semracxes me, ris gamoc far-

ulad gaiqcnen Cemgan da Seni qveynis mxareebSi arian wamosulebi.

cnobili iyos es SenTvis, Cemo Zmao, moiZie isini da maTnairebs

rom ipovni, sikvdiliT moakvdine, xolo romleiac Seacdines

maT, saxiTa da saxeliT mSvenieri rifsime, CemTan gamogzavne, da

Tuki Sen mogewoneba igi, Seni TavisTvis daigule, radgan ar moi-

poveba misi msgavsi sxva ionebis qveyanaSi453. da janmrTelad iyavi

Sen RmerTebis msaxurebaSi~.

xolo waikiTxa ra Trdatma keisris es brZaneba, maSinve dai-

wyo maTi Zebna da ipova ra isini zemoxsenebul im sawnaxelis

karvebSi da ixila ra rifsime, aivso gulisTqmis trfialebiT da

didi sixaruliT da gadawyvita TavisTvis misi colad moyvana.

xolo eurCa ra Trdats am saqmis gamo wminda rifsime, maSin iwa-

ma igi mis mier wamebis RvawliT, masTan gaianec, misi dedamZuZe

da maTTan myofi mravali sxvac, rogorc es weria maTi wamebis

wignSi da gveuwyeba is saswaulebi, romlebic moxda maTi wamebis

dros somxebis moqcevisas (radgan Trdat mefe RvTis gangebiT

Rorad gadaiqca454).

xolo wmindanebisgan romelime maTgani daimala da gaiqca455,

romelTan erTadac maSin es wminda nino damalul iqna vardis ek-

lebs Soris, romelic jer ar yvaoda im dros. da rodesac amo-

dioda im wminda mowameTa sulebi, ixila wminda ninom stefanes

msgavsi diakoni456, Camomavali naTlis olariT da mas xelebi

hqonda sasakmevle, romlisganac gamodioda surnelebis kvam-

li, romelic cebs faravda, da masTan erTad zecis mxed robis457

simravle. da maT SeuerTdnen wminda mowameebis458 sulebi, rom-

elic, ixila ra wminda ninom, SehRaRada ase: ̀ ufalo, ufalo, rad

mtoveb me aspitTa da iqedneTa Soris?~459.

70

maSin xma moesma zemodan, romelic eubneboda, rom: `aseve

iqneba Seni wayvanac, rodesac eg ekali, romelic Sens garSemo

aris, mTlianad gaxdeba surnelovani vardis furceli, magram

adeqi da wadi CrdiloeTis mxares, sadac didZali samkali aris

da muSaki saerTod ara~460.

da wamovida iqidan wminda nino da moaRwia orbanTas461, somx-

eTis sazRvrebSi. da iq daizamTra did gaWirvebaSi. da meoTxe

Tves, romelic aris ivnisi462, gamoemarTa da moaRwia javaxeTis

mTebs463, sadac Sexvda gadamdinare did tbas, romelsac hqvia

faravna464. da gaixeda ra iqiT da ixila CrdiloeTis mTebi, rad-

gan im zafxulis dReebSi iyvnen TovliT savse da sastiki haeriT.

da SeZrwunda wminda nino da Tqva: `ufalo, ufalo, miiRe Cemi

suli Cemgan~. da da hyo iq ori dRe da iTxova sazrdo im tbaSi

monadire meTevzeebisgan. da mwyemsebic iyvnen imave adgilas da

darajobdnen Ramis sadarajoze Tavis samwyemsurs da mouxmobd-

nen TavianT RmerTebs, armazs da zadens da aRuTqvamdnen maT Se-

sawiravs: `roca movalT mSvidobiTo~. xolo wminda nino mcodne

iyo cotaTi somxuri enis, radgan adre eswavla niaforisgan465

da ipova im mwyemsebs Soris somxurad molaparake da hkiTxa mas,

rom: `romeli mxaridan xarT?~. xolo man miugo da uTxra, rom:

`daba elarbinidan466 da safurclidan da qinZarelebi467, didi

qalaqis, mcxe Tis rabatelebi468, sadac RmerTebi RmerToben da

me feebi mefoben~. da hkiTxa, Tu: `sad ar is mcxeTa?~ xolo im mw-

yemsma mxol od es auwya, rom mdinare gasdis am tbas mcxeTaSi

misasvlelad469.

xolo wminda ninom daido lodi sa sTumlad, dawva da da-

iZina im tbis ga s a dinarTan. da roca eZina, movida Cve nebaSi erTi

kaci470, simaRliT zomieri da TmiT naxevradTmiani471.

da misca man beWeddasmuli wigni wminda ninos da uTxra: `mi-

arTvi es swrafad qalaq mcxeTaSi warmarTebis mefes~. xolo

wminda ninom daiwyo tirili da vedreba misdami: ̀ batono, me qali

var ucxo da umecari da arc ena vici, rogor mivide ucxo qveya-

naSi da ucxo xalxTan?~. maSin kacma gauxsna is wigni da misca wa-

71

sakiTxad da dawerili iyo romaulad472 da iesos beWedi iyo [zed

dasmuli]. dawerili iyo im wignSi aTi sityva473.

a~. sadac iqadageba es saxareba, iqac iTqmodes es qali.

b~. arc mamakacoba aris da arc qaloba, aramed Tqven yvela

erTi xarT.

g~. wadiT da moimowafeT yvela warmarTi da monaTleT isini

mamis da Zis da suliwmidis saxeliT.

d~. naTeli gamobrwyinda warmarTebze Seni eris, israelis sa-

dideblad.

e~. sadac iqadageba sasufevlis es saxareba, iqac iTqmebodes

mTel qveyanaSi.

v~. vinc Tqven migiRebT, me mimiRo da vinc me mimiRebs, miiRebs

Cems momavlinebels.

z~. radgan Zalian uyvarda mariami ufals, vinaidan yovelT-

vis ismenda mis WeSmarit sityvas.

À“. nu geSiniaT imaTgan, romlebic Tqvens xorcs klaven, xolo

sulis mokvla ar ZaluZT.

T~. uTxra mariam magdanels iesom: `wadi, qalo, da axare Cems

Zmebs~.

i~. sadac iqadagebT mamisa da Zisa da suliwmidis saxeliT.

roca waikiTxa es sityvebi wminda ninom, iwyo vedreba RvTis

mimarT da mixvda, rom zecidan iyo es Cveneba. da aRapyro Tvale-

bi zecisken da xvalindeli dRisTvis iTxova misi daxmareba.

da amis Semdeg gahyva im tbis mdinares da miedineboda igi

dasavleTis mxrisken da Seudga Znel da ficxel gzas, ixila didi

gaWirvebebi gzisgan da didi SiSi mxecebisgan, vidre miaRwia im

adgils, sadac wyalma aRmosavleTisken iwyo dineba474 da iqidan

daiwyo misi Sveba, radgan ipova iq mogzaurebi, romlebTan erTad

miaRwia qarTlis sanaxebs, im qalaqs, romelsac ewodeba urbni-

si475, sadac ixila ucxo xalxi, ucxo RmerTebis msaxuri, radgan

cecxls, qvebsa da xeebs RmerTiviT scemdnen Tayvans. risTvisac

Sewuxda am wmindanis suli da Sevida huriaTa baginSi ebrauli

enis gamo476 da dayo iq erTi Tve da ecnoboda am qveynis raobas.

72

maSin, erT dRes, daiZra simravliT didZali xalxi im qalaqi-

dan did samefo qalaq mcxeTaSi mimavali, raR ac nivTebis Sesa-

Zenad da maTi RmerTis, armazis winaSe msxverplis Sesawirad. da

Tan wayva maT is wmindanic. xolo roca ki miaRwies qalaq mcxe-

Tas, mogvT as gaRma xidze477 da dadgnen iq. da xedavda wminda nino

im cecxlismsaxuri xalxis mogvobas da cTomilebas da tiroda

maTi wawymedis gamo da glovobda Tavis ucxoebas.

da ha, ai, meore dRes iyo oxvrisa da sayviris xma. gamovida

xalxi uricxvi, rogorc velis yvavili da saSineli zriali gamo-

dioda da jer mefe ar gamosuliyo. da roca movida [mefis gamos-

vlis] dro, iyo sirbili da aqeT-iqiT malva yvelasi da SiSisagan

[yvela] Tavis samalavSi Serboda.

da ha, myis gamovida dedofali nana da nel-nela gamodioda

xalxic. da Seam kes yoveli quCa sxvadasxva feris samoslebiTa da

foTlebiT. da daiwyo mTelma xalxma mefis qeba. maSin gamovida

mirian mefe sazareli da TvalismomWreli SesaxedaobiT. da hkiTxa

wminda ninom viRac huria qals, rom: `ra aris es?~. xolo man uTxra:

`maTi RmerTebis RmerTi, armazi uxmobs, romlis gareSe ar aris sxva

kerpi~. maSin myisve wavida wminda nino armazis sanaxavad. da aivsnen

is mTebi droSebiTa da xalxiT, rogorc velebi yvavilebiT. xolo

wminda ninom Seuswro [xalxs] armaz cixeSi da dadga igi kerpis max-

loblad zRudis napralze. da vxedavdi478 warmoudgenel da eniT

gamouTqmel sakvirvelebas, [Tu] rogori Semzaravi iyo mefeTa da

mTeli xalxis SiSi da Zrwola im wamomdgari kerpebis winaSe.

da naxa wminda ninom, rom idga erTi spilenZis kaci da mis

tanze ecva oqros jaWvi da [exura] oqros Cafxuti, samxre Tv-

lebi esxa zurmuxti da bivriti da xelSi hqonda xmali brwyin-

vale, rogorc elva da trialebda [mis] xelSi479. Tuki vinme Se-

exeba, Tavisi Tavi sasikvdilod gauwiravs da ambobdnen: `vai me,

Tuki rame davakeli am didi armazis didebas, an rameSi Sevcdi

ebraelebTan saubrisas, gindac mogvebis mosmenisas, [Tund] mx-

olod Sexvedrili viyo mzismsaxurebTan da imaTTan, romlebic

hyvebian [Tavisi] umecrebiT viRac did RmerTze da zecaTa Rv-

73

Tis Zeze da nuTu ipovis CemSi raime biws da damcems me is misi

maxvili, romlisac yvelas eSinia~. da SiSiT Tayvans scemen mas.

da iyo mis marjvniv oqros kaci da misi saxeli [iyo] gaci da

mis marcxniv _ vercxlis kaci da misi saxeli [iyo] gaimi, rom-

lebic RmerTebad miaCndaT qarTlis xalxebs480.

maSin tiroda da oxravda netari nino RvTis mimarT Crdilo-

eTis qveynis im cTomilebebisTvis, maTgan naTlis mifarvas da

bnelis dauflebas [maTze], radgan Sexeda im Zlier mefe ebs da

yvela mTavars, romlebic cocxlad CaenTqa jojoxeTs, daetove-

binaT dambadebeli da qvebsa da xeebs, spilenZsa da gamoWedil

rvals RmerTad Tayvans scemdnen da eseni icnobdnen yovlis

Semoqmedad.

maSin gaaxsenda is sityva, romelic amcno iobenal patriarqma,

wminda mamam, rom: `srul[yofil] mamakacs ggzavni da mixval ucxo

qveyanaSi da daragevel zefel barkadul xalxTan, rac branju-

lad aris: `mebrZol da RvTismowinaaRmdege xalxTano~481.

maSin aixeda zecisken man da Tqva: `ufalo, Seni Zalis simrav-

liT fex qveS gegebian Sen Seni mtrebi482 da Seni sulgrZelebiT

akeTeben, rasac moigunebeben es mtverni da nacarni qveyanaze,

magram nu ugulvebelyof [maT], radgan Seni xati aris kaci, rom-

lisTvisac erTi wminda samebisagani gankacdi da acxone mTeli

qveyana da moxede wyalobiT am xalxsac da Serisxe am uCinar

sulebs, wuTisoflismpyrobel bneleTis mTavrebs483 da Cayare

[isini] miuval adgilas. da miCvene me, ufalo, Cemi mamisa da de-

dis RmerTo, am Sens mxevals da Seni monebis naSobs, rom ixilos

qveynierebis yvela kuTxem Seni mxsneloba da rom CrdiloeTi

samxreTTan erTad xarobdes484 da yvela xalxma erTaderT Rmer-

Ts gces Tayvani qriste iesos, Seni Zis mier, romelsac SeSvenis

madloba da didebis micema ukunisamde~.

da roca daasrula es locva wminda ninom da mxolod Tvalis

daxamxameba iyo, [rom] dasavleTidan haeri da qari amovarda da

xma gamosca quxilma sazareli xmiT da gamoCndnen saSinelebis

momaswavebeli swrafi Rrublebi. da moitana dasavleTis nia-

74

vma saZageli suni simwarisa da simyralisa. maSin garboda mTeli

xalxi qalaqisken da soflisken da miecaT dro, vidre ar Seas-

wro xalxma TavianT saxlebSi. da myis moaxlovda mwa red sastiki

is risxvis Rrubeli, moi tana litris odena485 setyva mxolod im

adgilas da daanawevra is kerpebi da Semusra, daarRvia zRudee-

bi486 sas t ikma qarma da Cayara kldeSi. xolo wminda nino gadarCa

mSvidobiT im ad gilas, sadac Tavdapirvelad Sesuliyo.

xolo meore dRes gamovida mirian mefe da mTeli is xalxi Ta-

vianTi Rmer Tebis saZebnelad da ver poulobdnen, ris gamoc maT

SiSi da Zrwola da e caT. da glovobda is gulsastiki xalxi da am-

bobda, rom: `qaldevelTa RmerTi iTrujani487 da es Cveni RmerTi

armazi yvelanairad mtrebi arian. aman masze zRva moaqcia da

axla man Suri iZia da mis mier moiwia es~488. xolo viRaceebi am-

bobdnen, rom: `romeli RvTis ZaliTac Trdati Rorad gardai-

qmna da imave RvTis ZaliT [isev] kacad iqca, im RmerTma moawia es,

radgan sxva RmerTs ar ZaluZs amgvaris moxdena~.

aseT rames ambobdnen, radgan mas Semdeg, rac Trdat mefe

qristes ZaliT Rorad gardaqmniliyo da qristes ZaliTve kvlav

kacad moqceuliyo489, im droidan qristes qeba-dideba farulad

aRar iTqmeboda qarTlSi, vinaidan RvTis madls daewyo aRmosav-

leTis mifena.

xolo risxvis imave dRes, rodesac dacxra is setyva da sasti-

ki qari, maSin gamovida wminda nino im kldis napralidan da ipova

is bivritis Tvali490, aiRo da wamovida wina mxares, im kldis qi-

mis dasasrulTan, sadac yofiliyo Zveli cixe491 da iq idga brin-

jis erTi xe492, mSvenieri, maRali da rtomravali, sadac yofili-

yo bartam mefis493 sagrilebeli494 da dasasvenebeli. da mivida im

xis qveS, gamosaxa qristes jvris niSani da loculobda iq eqvsi

dRe495 da hmadlobda RmerTs da evedreboda, rom moexeda wyalo-

biT im SecTomil xalxze da exsna eSmakisagan.

xolo rodesac es moxda496, iyo meeqvse Jami497 da im Tvis me-

eqvse dRe, rodesac evmanuelma Taborze mamis xati uCvena im

mowafeTa moTaveeebs da im winaswarmetyvelTa moTaveebs498.

75

maSin movida erTi sefeqali499, saxelad SroSana da naxa is im

xis qveS, ga u k virda da moiyvana berZnulad mosaubre qali, da

hkiTxa misi asaval-dasavali. xolo wminda ninom auwya da uTxra,

mTeli Tavisi asaval-dasavali da Tavisi ambavi, mxolod Tavisi

deda-Zmebis Sesaxeb ar auwya, radgan tyved uTxra Tavisi Tavi500.

maSin Seecoda SroSanas igi misi ucxoobisTvis, Tvali cremliT

aevso da aiZulebda mas, rom wahyoloda samefo karze. magram

wminda ninom ar ineba masTan wasvla da wavida SroSana. amis Sem-

deg mesame dRes Camovida igi qalaqSi, gadmovida mtkvarze da

gaemarTa mefis baRisken, sadac axla aris RvTivaRmarTuli is

sveti da sakaTalikoso eklesia501 da mivida ra im baRis karTan,

naxa baRis mcvelis patara saxli.

Sevida wminda nino, da ijda masSi qali, romlis saxelic [iyo]

anastosi. da roca naxa im qalma, adga, moexvia da Caikra rogorc

nacnobma, dabana fexebi da scxo zeTi502 da gauSala puri da Rvi-

no. da dahyo masTan wminda ninom cxra Tve503.

xolo es anastosi da misi qmari iyvnen uSviloebi da Zalian

dardobdnen. maSin ixila wminda ninom CvenebaSi: movida naTlis-

feri kaci504 da uTxra, rom: `Sedi mag baRSi, naZvebis qveS mcire

babilo505 aris, sauflod Semzadebuli, miwa aiRe im adgilidan,

SeaWame mag xalxs da eyolebaT Svili~. ga akeTa ase da Sves mrava-

li Ze da asuli, risTvisac irwmunes maT qriste ninos mier da

daemowafnen mas farulad.

maSin wminda ninom qalaqis zRudis gareT ipova ekliani may-

vlis erTi buCqi, sadac axla aris saepiskoposo zemo eklesiis506

sakurTxeveli da is gaixada Tavis samyoflad. da Seqmna nasxlevis

jvari507 da aRmarTa im buCqis qveS da mudmivad loculobda dRe da

Rame daucxromlad. da emsaxureboda is col-qmari508 da ukvirdaT

misi Rvawli, marxva da locva da mRviZareba. da mravalgzis modio-

da igi huriaTa ubanSi ebrauli enis gamo da uflis kvarTis mosaZi-

eblad, romelic smenoda ierusalimSi niaforisgan, rom: `uflis

kvarTi mc xe Tel huriebs wauRiaTo~. amitom eZ ebda im huriebTan,

rom gaego im kvar T is rame ambavi. da ipova erTi huria mRvdeli,

76

saxelad abiaTari da uqadaga mas da mis asuls, sidonias Cveni uf-

lis, ieso qristes saxareba509. xolo maT irwmunes da da emo w afnen,

_ isini da sxva eqvsi huria qa li510, _ da daides wminda ninos swav-

lebis uReli naTlisRebis gareSe, radgan ar moiZieboda mRvdeli,

rome l ic monaTlavda [maT], da farulad iyvnen misi mowafeebi. da

axdenda kurnebebs da sakvirvelebebs igi qris t es ZaliT, mravali

ganrRveuli gank u rna TiTqosda wamlis gamoyenebiT.

da ase imyofeboda mcxeTa qalaqSi mxo lod sami weli511.

da im xanebSi iyo512 mirian mefisa da misi Zmiswulis, sparseleb-

is didi mefis Sesvla saberZneTSi, rodesac konstantinem, ber-

Znebis mefem qristes ZaliTa da jvris winamZRolobiT gaaqcia

mefeebi da maTi uricxvi spa Semusra513.

Tqmuli abiaTar mRvdlisa,

romelic daemowafa wminda da netar ninos

me, abiaTari mRvdeli, viyavi im weliwadis wilxvedrili514,

rodesac es wminda da netari nino movida mcxeTaSi da imav dros

moaRwia Cemamde antioqiidan515 huriaTa mRvdlebis werilma516,

romelSic ewera es, rom: `sa mad gaxliCa RmerTma israelis

samefo517. aha, ai, Cveni winaswarmetyvelebi dadumdnen da visac

suli uxmobda, yv e la aResrula518 da gavibnieT Cven mTel qvey-

anaze da romaelebma daipyres Cveni qveyana519. vtirodiT Cven

xalxTan erTad, radgan gavarisxeT Semoqme di RmerTi. axla ixi-

leT moses wignebi da is sityva, romelic dagviwera Cv en es yve-

laferi, rom: `vinc Tavis Ta vs qveyanaze RvTis Zed acxadebda,

mo kvdeso~520. nuTu ase SevcdiT im na zareveli iesos521 sikvdilSi?

radg an vxedavT, rodesac uwin Cveni mamebi Se s codavdnen RmerTs

da sruliad dai viwyebdnen mas, miscemda igi maT sastiki xelm-

wifis xelSi da tyveobaSi, xolo rodesac moiqceodnen da SehRa-

Radebdnen, swrafad ixsnida maT Wiris agan. da es Svidgzis viciT

wignebi dan522. xolo axla, vinaidan xeli Semar Tes im mwiri qalis523

77

Zeze da mo k les igi, aiRo RmerTma Tavisi xeli Cvenze~. da gaxliCa

Cveni samefo da gagvaSora Tavis taZars da ugulvebelyo Cveni

modgma. da samasi weli524 aris, rac ar ismina Cveni vedreba da arc

dagvalxina. fiqri gvaqvs, rom zecidan iyo is kaci~525.

gaxSirda werilebi.

xolo me, roca gavige es, daviwye gamokiTxva im qalisgan, ni-

nosgan, qristes Sesaxeb, Tu saidan iyo igi, an ra mizeziT gankac-

da RvTis Ze.

maSin netarma ninom gaxsna Tavisi bage, rogorc amomdin-

are Wam da daiwyo moyola dasabamidan da Cems wignebs zepirad

aRmoTqvamda da ganmimartavda, da rogorc mZinares gamaRvi-

Zebda da rogorc ugunurs ganmanaTlebda526 da Cems winaprebs

Semabralebda da rjulis Secvlas Semagonebda, vidre ar vir-

wmune misi sityvebiT ieso qriste, RvTis Ze, misi vneba da aR-

dgoma, misi meored mosvla saSineli, da WeSmaritad igia war-

marTTa molodini. me da Cemi Svili527 veRirseT im codvaTa

gansawmedeli sapkureblis miRebas, embazis wyals, romelsac

natrobda daviT winaswar metyveli da ver ewia528 da mesma me ax-

ali rjulis mgalobeli eris529 xma, romelsac natrobda igive

daviTi da Rirsi gavxdiT, rom vziarebodiT RvTis Zis, qristes

da qveynierebis codvebisTvis Sewiruli kravis xorcsa da

sisxls530, romlis gemos xilvac tkbilia da [de,] amis mere ine-

bos ufalma xorcidan Cemi gasvla. da merec mravali saswauli

ixiles Cemma Tvalebma mcxeTaSi, wminda ninos mier aRsrule-

buli Cems dReebSi.

Tqmuli imave abiaTar mRvdlisa,

Cveni uflis ieso qristes kvarTis Sesaxeb

me, abiaTar mRvdeli, mogiTxrob mamaCemis monaTxrobs

da [im ambavs], romelic wignebidan da mamaCemisa da dedaCe-

mis Cems mier yuris gdebiT vici da maT [ki] smenodaT maTi

78

mamisagan: rodesac mefobda ierusalims hero de531, gvesma,

rom `ierusalimi spar selebma daipyreso~, risTvisac Seiqna

glova da wuxili qarTvel huriebSi, mkvidr mcxeTelebSi,

bodel532 mRvd lebSi533, kodiswyaroel534 mwignobrebSi535 da

sobis-kananel536 mTargmnelebSi537. es yvela daiZra [ierusal-

imSi] gasaqcevad. xolo mcire xnis Semdeg moaRwia sxva nug-

eSiscemis macnem, rom: `sparselebi ara ierusalimis dasapy-

robad movidnen, aramed abjrisa da saWurvlis nacvlad

hqondaT samefo oqro da wylulebis swrafmkurnali muri da

surnelovani gundruki da eZebdnen viRac [axal] Sobil yrmas,

da viTis Zes, romelic ipoves, _ erTi xizani, xizani qalisgan

Sobili udro od da uadgilo adgilas, rogorc CveviaT sof-

lis gareT myof xalxs. da eseni im yrmasTan movidnen, Tay-

vanisces mas da Seswires mas is ZRveni mSvido biT~538. da Seiqna

didi sixaruli qar Tvel huriebSi.

xolo amis Semdeg, gavida ra ocdaaTi weli539, moiwera ana

mRvdelma540 ierusalimidan Cems mamismamasTan, eliozTan ase,

rom: `igive [yrma], romlisTvisac sparseli mefeebi541 ZRv eniT

movidnen, gazrdila igi da asakis sisrules miaRwia da Tavis

Tavs eZaxis RvTis Zes. modiT yvelani mis sikvdilze, rom aR-

vasruloT moses mcneba~542. da wavida aqedan eliozi, Cemi ma-

mismama, uxucesi543 kaci da hyavda mas deda eli mRvdlis tomi-

dan544 da hyavda mas erTi da. da evedreboda eliozs dedamisi

ase: `wadi, Svilo, mefis mowodebaze da rjulis wesze, xolo

rasac [isini] ganizraxaven, nu SeuerTdeba Seni goneba, nu, Svi-

lo, radgan is aris winaswar me tyvelebis sityva da brZenTa ig-

avi, hu riebisgan dafaruli saidumlo da warmarTebis naTeli

da saukuno cxovreba~.

da wavida elioz mcxeTeli da longinoz karsneli545 da

iq Sexvdnen uflis jvarcmas. xolo rodesac alursmavdnen

ufals jvarze da msaxurma kveri dahkra uflis lursmnebs

ierusalimSi, aq eliozis dedam gaigona da Sehkivla da Tqva:

`mSvidobiT, huriaTa mefobav, radgan mokaliT Tqveni Tavebis

79

macxovari da mxsneli da SeiqeniT amieridan Semoqmedis mkv-

lelebi. vai Cems Tavs, rom uwin ar movkvdi, rom [es] aRar smen-

oda Cems yurebs da arc amis Semdeg meRirsa me warmarTebze

naTlis [gamobrwyinebis] da israelis mSvidobis xilva546. da am

[sityvaze] gardaicvala.

xolo uflis is kvarTi wilad xvda im mcxeTel huriebs547.

wamoiRo eliozma da moitana mcxeTaSi da miegeba misi da crem-

liT dasvelebuli. moexvia yelze Tavis Zmas da gamoarTva

iesos is samoseli, miixuta Tavis mkerdze da swrafad ganute-

va suli am sami tkiviliT: qristes sikvdilisTvis da dedisaT-

vis da ZmisTvis, romelic eziara uflis sisxls.

maSin iyo didi sakvirveleba da SeSfoTeba mcxeTaSi, rad-

gan gaukvirda TviT did mefe aderkis548 da erisa da mTavarTa

mTel si mravles. da moesurva aderki mefes is samoseli, magram

im sakvirvelebisgan Ta v zardacemuli da SeSinebuli Seiqna da

ar ineba [samoslis] gamoReba im mkvdris xelebidan, romel-

sac magrad da surviliT Semo emkerda igi. da eliozma damarxa

Tavisi da, mas ki xelT hqonda uflis is samoseli. da aris is

adgili, romelic uf a lma uwyis. mravali wlis Semdgom aderki

mefis Ziswulis Svilma, armazael mefem549, moiZia is samoseli

huriebTan da ver ipova, radgan auwyes es yvelaferi, rac iyo.

da aravin icis is adgili, garda imisa, rom: `aris igi li-

baniT motanili da mcxeTaSi darguli da gazrdili naZvis max-

loblad~550.

da esec mecnoba mamaCemisgan, rom aris sxvac, ZlierebiT Se-

mosili, elias is ormagi mosasxami551 am qalaqSi da Cvens xelT,

sakurTxevlis qvebis simtkicis qveS upovnelad, sa nam misi dro

[ar dadgeba]~552.

radgan mravalgzis maiZula wminda ninom mamaCemis mimarT,

rom gamovikiTxo misgan samoslis is adgili gulmxurvaled,

man ki mxolod es miTxra, rom: `aq ariso misi samarxavi adgili,

romelzedac adamianTa ena ar dadumdeba RvTis mimarT sa-

galoblad da aris is adgili rogorc iakobis adgili, kibed

80

nanaxi da zecas aRweuli~553. xolo eliozis saxli iyo qalaqis

dasavleTiT, mogveTis gaRma, xidTan554.

im dReebSi orgzis da samgzisac ixila Cveneba wminda ninom

Tavis muxlebze mciredi CaTvlemisas, TiTqos modiodnen cis

frinvelebi, feriT Savebi da Cavidodnen im mdinareSi, gani-

banebodnen da gaTeTrdebodnen da amo vidodnen im baRSi555,

rtoebs mokenkavdnen da im yvavils moZovdnen da mondomebiT

da surviliT wminda ninosTan mividodnen, TiTqos misi aris is

baRi, gars Semoevlebodnen JRurtuliT mSvenierad. es uTxra

wminda ninom Tavis mowafes, sidonias, abiaTaris asuls, xolo

sidoniam uTxra wminda ninos: `ucxoo da aq So bilo, tyveo da

tyveTa mxsnelo, vici, rom Sen mier dagvidga es axali dro

da Sen mier isma is Zveli ambavi, Cveni mamebis namoqmedari, im

zecis kacis556 im ubralo sisxlis usamarTlod daRvra, rom-

liTac iqna huriebis sircxvili, cisqveSeTSi gabneva, mefobis

dacema, im wminda taZris warTmeva557, ucxo eris mowodeba da

maTi didebis maTTvis micema: ierusalimo, ierusalimo, rogor

gagiSl ia Seni frTebi da Sehkreb mTeli cis qveSeTis xalx-

ebs Sens frTeb qveS558. aha, ai, aqac mosula es qali, romelic

Secvlis am qveynis yvela wess~. da miubrunda wminda ninos da

uTxra: es Seni Cveneba is aris, rom es adgi li Sen mier samoTxed

gadaiqceva~.

xolo roca movida mirian mefe saberZneTidan, gamoqceu-

li konstantine mefisagan, vidre mis mosvlamde gaecxadebina

wminda ninos qristes rjulis qadageba559, radgan ambobda igi

xmamaRla, rom: `gipoveT CrdileTis mkvidrni cTomilebaSi~,

da gamoaC i na nasxlevis is jvari da imiT axde n da did sakvirve-

lebebs. radgan ganrRveuls kurnavda wamlis gareSe, jvris

SexebiT da masTan erTad qadagebdnen misi mowafeebi, rom-

lebic Tavdapirvelad farulad daemowafnen, Svidi deda, hu-

riebis modgma: sidonia, abiaTaris asuli da eqvsi sxva da baRis

mcveli is col-qmari560 da abiaTar mRvdeli, is axali pavle561,

rome lic uSiSrad da daucxromlad qadagebda qristes rjuls

81

da, romelic didad mcodne iyo Zveli rjulisa da es axali

rjuli eswavla wminda ninosgan da ninoze metad umxelda yve-

la kacs WeSmarit rjuls562.

maSin amboxdnen huriebi abiaTarze, rom qviT CaeqolaT

igi563. xolo mirian mefem miagzavna msaxurebi da gaarida abia-

Tari sikvdils, radgan mirian mefes qristes rjulis survili

hqonda, radgan smenoda qris t esmieri saswaulebi saberZn-

eTidan da somxeTidan, da ar abrkolebda is ninos da misi mowa-

feebis qadagebas564. magram ebrZoda eSmaki, is uCinari mteri da

ver gadaewyvita qristes aRsareba. xolo nana dedofali ufro

metad gulficxi iyo da Seuracxyofda im qadagebas. xolo

wminda nino loculobda daucxromlad im Tavis samyofelSi,

im mayvlebis qveS da gakvirvebuli iyvnen is warmarTebi misi

locvisa da mRviZarebis gamo. da ucxod eCvenebodaT es am-

bavi; daiwyes misi gamokiTxva, xolo is acnobda Zvel da axal

wignebs da ganaswavlida im ugunurebs da ugulisyuroebs da

nergavda maT gulebSi qristes siyvaruls.

da iyo ase sami weli, rodidanac ganacxada qristes qadage-

ba da daimo wafa mravali.

maSin iyo vinme ymawvili, batonis vaJiSvili, mZimed sneuli,

da daatarebda dedamisi kardakar, rom epova vinme mkurnalo-

bis mcodne da gaekeTebina misTvis sasargeblo. da gamoikvlia

is yvelam da ver ipoves gansakurneblad sasargeblo ram im

ymawvilisTvis. da mravalgzis uTxres mkurnalebma im qals, rom:

`araferi ergeba mag ymaw vils~. xolo is qali iyo warmarTi, gul-

ficxi da mudmivad aZagebda qris tes rjuls da ar uSvebda sx-

vebsac wminda ninosTan misasvlelad da sakiT xavad. xolo roca

saso warekveTa mku rnalebisgan, movida da davarda wminda ninos

winaSe da evedreboda ymawvilis gakurnebas. maSin uTxra wminda

ninom: `aranair mkurnalobas, romelic adamianTagan aris, me ar

vizam, xolo Cemi RmerTi qriste miscems mag ymaw vils gankurne-

bas, romelic yvelasgan ganwirulia~. da ra sagebzec mudam loc-

ulobda wminda nino, imaze ub rZana man mas dadeba im ymawvilisa,

82

da daiwyo RvTis mimarT vedreba. da im saaTSive ganikurna is

ymawvili da gamojanmrTelebuli misca dedamiss. xolo ymawvi-

lis dedam aRiara qriste da Tqva: `ar aris sxva RmerTi, qristes

garda, romelsac qadagebs nino~. da daemowafa wminda ninos da

gahyva mis kvals da adidebda RmerTs565.

maSin dedofali nana Cavarda did da mware sneulebaSi, risi

gankur nebac veravin SeZlo, radgan yvela xelovanma mkurnalma

wamocala Tavisi wamlebi da ver SeZlo misi gankurneba. daRond-

nen da saso warekveTaT. magram acnobes viRaceebma dedofals,

rom: `im romaeli tyve qalis mier, romelsac hqvia nino, - misi

locviT, - mravali sneuli ikurneba~. maSin ubrZana Tavis msax-

urebs, rom moeyvanaT nino. mividnen dedoflis msaxurebi da

naxes wminda nino mayvlis buCqis qveS, loculobda ra meeqvse

Jamze, da uTxres dedoflis brZaneba. xolo wminda ninom uTxra:

`ar aris CemTvis nabrZanebi, rom gavide [iq], sadac Cveni banaki ar

aris, aramed dedofali movides am Cem samyofelSi da namdvilad

ganikurneba qristes ZaliT~. xolo im msaxurebma gadasces de-

dofals ninos is naTqvami.

maSin dedofali gulmodgined eubneboda maT: `gamimzadeT

me sakace da mimiyvaneT masTan~. maSin waiyvanes sakaciT im msax-

urebma da masTan erTad - misi Ze revi da eris simravle.

rom mividnen wminda ninos im samyofelSi da dades dedofali

mis sagebze, daiwyo wminda ninom locva da vedreba RvTis mimarT

didxans da moitana is jvari, romelic hqonda, Seaxo Tavze, fex-

ebze da mxrebze jvris saxed da myisve ganikurna da adga gamo-

janmrTelebuli da irwmuna qriste da Tqva: ar aris sxva RmerTi,

garda qristesi, romelsac qadagebs es tyve qali~566.

da im droidan gaixada igi Tavis Sinaur megobrad da mudmi-

vad ekiTxeboda da gamokiTxavda qristes rjuls da aswavlida

wminda nino da abiaTari, axali pavle da misi asuli, sido nia. da

gaxda dedofali morwmune da scno WeSmariti RmerTi. da ekiTx-

eboda dedofals mefe, [Tu] rogor ganikurna myisierad. da uyve-

boda dedofali yovelive amas, rac moxda masze, [Tu] rogor gan-

83

ikurna wamlis gareSe locv i Ta da jvris SexebiT. da eris simra-

vle, romelsac enaxa, amowmebda dedoflis sityvas.

maSin gaukvirda mirian mefes da daiwyo qristes rjulis

gamoZieba da mravalgzis ekiTxeboda [xolme] im huriayofil abi-

aTars Zvel da axal wignebs da is auwyebda [xolme] yvelafers.

da nebroTis wignic567, ro melic hqonda mirian mefes, im wign Sic

ipova ase dawerili:

`im godlis aSenebisas xma gaisma zecidan nebroTis mimarT, ro-

melic eubneboda: me var miqaeli, romelic dayenebuli var RvTis

mier aRmosavleTis mTavrad; gadi mag qalaqidan, radgan RmerTi

ifaravs mag qalaqs. xolo ukanasknel Jams mova cis batoni, rom-

lis xilvac ginda Sen ubralo xalxs Soris. misi SiSi ganaqarvebs

wu Tisoflis gemos; mefeebi datoveben mefobas da daiwyeben

siglaxakis Ziebas; igi gnaxavs gaWirvebaSi da gixsnis Sen~.

maSin mixvda mirian mefe, rom Zveli wignebi da axali [wigne-

bi]568 eTanxmebodnen [erTmaneTs] da nebroTis wignic amtkicebda

[amas] da gauCnda qristes rjulis [miRebis] survili. da ebrZoda

is uCinari mteri, akavebda qristes aRiarebisgan, gulSi uner-

gavda kerpebisa da cecxlis imeds. magram mudmivad evedreboda

dedofali qristes aRiarebas. da iyo mefe dedoflis moqcevi-

dan erTi weliwadi orgulebaSi569. xolo wminda nino aswavlida

xalxs daucxromlad da aravis auwyebda, Tu `vin var, an saidan

movdivar~, aramed tyves eZaxda Tavis Tavs.

amis Semdeg is mogvi, sparseli mTavari, saxelad xuara, sneuli

iyo, ukeTuri suliT sastikad igvemeboda da sikvdils iyo miax-

lovebuli. da iyo is mTavari mirian mefis tomis. maSin Seevedrnen

wminda ninos nana dedofali da mefe, xolo mefe ganixilavda am

saqmes cota orgulebiT. eubneboda wminda ninos: `romeli Rv-

Tis ZaliT axden am kurnebas? an xar Sen armazis asuli, an zadenis

Svili, ucxoebidan moxvedi da Seefare da marTebT Seni mowyale-

ba da moganiWes kurnebis Zala, rom amiT icxovro ucxo qveyanaSi.

didebulebi arian [armazi da zadeni] ukunisamde! xolo Sen Cven

winaSe iyav, rogorc Cveni Svilebis erTi ZiZaTagani da pativce-

84

muli am qalaqSi. aramed am ucxo sityvas nu ambob, romaelebis am

mcd ari rjulis570 [Sesaxeb] sulac nu ine beb laparaks, radgan aha,

ager didi RmerTebi, qveynis mpyrobelni, mzis momfenelni, wvimis

momcemelni da miwidan nayofTa gamomzrdelni, qarTlis [Rmer-

Tebi] armazi da zadeni _ yvela saidumlos gamomeZiebelni, Cve-

ni mamebis Zveli RmerTebi, gaci da gaimi, _ isini iyolie xalxis

dasarwmuneblad. axla, Tuki gankurnav am mTavars, gagamdidreb

da gaqcev mcxeTis mkvidrad, armazis msaxurad. da TumcaRa im ha-

eriTa da setyviT moxda misi Semusvra, magram is adgili Seuryeve-

lia. es armazi da qaldevelebis RmerTi iTrujani yvelanairad

mtrebi arian: aman masze zRva moaqcia da man amaze aseTi gasWiri

moawia571, rog orc aqvT Cveuleba qveynierebis mpyrobelebs. da es

ikmare Cemgan brZa n e bad~. miugo netarma ninom:

`Sen, mefev, icocxle ukunisamde qr i s tes saxeliT, misi de-

disa da masTan yoveli wmidanis vedrebiT! moavlinos Senze

RmerTma, cisa da qveynis Semoqmedma, yoveli dabadebulis dam-

badebelma, misi didi da didebuli da auracxeli mravalmowy-

alebisagan, rogorc Rumelidan, misi madlis erTi naperwkali,

rom Seicno da go nebiT mixvde cis simaRles da mzis sinaTles,

zRvis saZirkvlis siRrmes da qveynis sivrces da mis safuZv-

els, da rom uwyode Sen, mefev, Tu vin Semosa cani RrubliT da

hquxan haeris xmiT, da iZvris miwa misi simZafriT da rbian mex-

istexani, mis kvalze gizgizebs cecxli misi guliswyromisgan,

an rodesac SeiZvreba is didi veSapi zRvaSi, SeiZvreba mTeli

dedamiwa, vidre [ar] dairRveva myari mTebi, kldeebi da qvebi. da

gamcne Sen es yvelaferi zedmiwevniT, radgan RmerTi aris ceb-

Si da is TviTon uxilavia yvela dabadebulisgan, garda Tavisi

Zisa, romelic misgan gamovida da qveyanaze gamoCnda rogorc

kaci, ro melmac yvelaferi aRasrula, risT v isac mosuliyo,

da avida imave simaR l eebSi mamasTan da ixila erTaderTi da-

usabamo, romelic maRalia da dabla myofT zedamxedvelobs,

da maRlebs Soridan cnobs. mefeo, axlos aris Seni miaxleba da

mixedva RvTisken, radgan aris am qalaqSi erTi saswauli: RvTis

85

Zis samoseli aq aris da el i as xalenis yofnac zogma aq Tqva da

mravali saswaulia, romlebsac RmerTi gamoaCens. da axla me am

Sens mTavars ganvkurnav Cemi RmerTis, qris tes ZaliT da misi

vnebis jvriT, rogorc dedofali ganvkurne didi se nisgan da

rac ki vauwye mas, imas ake T ebs igi, rom Tavisi sulic gaabr w yin-

os da Tavisi eric aaxlos Rme rTs~.

da mohgvares is mTavari da movida nana dedofalic, im baR-

Si, im naZvebis qveS da daayena igi aRmosavleTiT da aapyrobina

xelebi da aTqmevina samgzis: `vijmni Sengan, eSmako da Sevudge-

bi qristesa, Zesa RmrTisasa~572. da tiroda nino Tavisi sulis

oxvriT da iT xovda RvTisagan Sewevnas im kacze, da iyvnen misi

mowafeebic iqve erTi dRe da ori Rame. da swrafad gavida mis-

gan is boroti suli da daemowafa wminda ninos saxleuliT Tav-

isi xalxiT da adidebda RmerTs

[Tavi meSvide]

Tqmuli qal sidoniasi,

romelic iyo ninos mowafe, rac ixila da dawera:

saswauliT moqceva mirian

mefisa da ninosadmi Sevrdoma,

qristes aRiarebisaTvis, jvris

aRmarTebisaTvis, eklesiebis

aSenebisaTvis da masSi

[momxdari] im saswaulebisTvis

mamao, gvakurTxe!

da iyo zafxulis erT dRes, ivlisis Tvis ocSi, SabaT dRes573,

gavida mefe sanadirod muxnaris mxares da SeuCnda is uCinari

mteri, eSmaki da Ca ugdo gulSi kerpebisa da cecxlis siyvaru-

86

li da fiqrobda mTel maT msaxurebaze da yvela qristianis max-

viliT amowyvetaze. da uTxra mefem Tavis oTx Tanamzraxvels:

`Rirsebi varT Cven Cveni RmerTebisgan boroti rom dagva t y-

des, radgan daudevrebi viyaviT maT msaxurebaSi da davuSviT

Cven grZne u li qristianebis [mier] maTi rjulis qadageba Cvens

qveyanaSi, radgan grZneulebiT axdenen TavianT sakvirve le-

bebs. axla es aris Cemi ganzraxva, rom sastikad movspoT jvarc-

mulis yvela mosavi da ufro metad SevudgeT qarTlis mpyro-

beli RmerTebis msaxurebas, va m xel nanas, Cem cols, rom Sein-

anos da miatovos jvarcmulis rjuli, da Tu ar damemorCile-

ba, daviviwyeb mis siyvaruls da sxvebTan erTad masac davRupav.

da daumowmes misi ganz raxva [mefes] Tanamzraxvelebma, radgan

gulmxurvaled iyvnen am saqmisadmi da Tavidanve [es] undodaT

da ver kadrulobdnen gacxadebas.

xolo mefem moiara muxnaris mTeli sanaxebi da avida TxoTis

mTaze574 maRlar tyeSi, rom gadaexeda kaspisa da ufliscixisTvis

da gavida mTis Txemze. swored SuadRisas dabnelda mze maTze da

Seiqna sibnele, rogorc ukuni Rame da dafara sibnelem are-mare

da adgilebi da daefantnen erTmaneTs gaWirvebisgan da urvisa-

gan575. da darCa mefe marto da dadioda mTebSi da maRlar tyeSi

SeSinebuli da SeZrwunebuli. da dadga erT adgilas da warekve-

Ta am cxovrebis saso. da roca moego Tavis cnobaze, fiqrobda

Tavis gulSi ase: `aha, ai, movuwodeb Cems RmerTebs da ver vpove

Sveba. axla, romelsac qadagebs nino, jvarsa da jvarcmuls da

axdens kurnebebs misi imediT, ar ZaluZs [mas] Cemi xsna am gaWirve-

bisgan? radgan var me cocxlad jojoxeTSi da ar vici, mTeli

qveynierebisTvis moxda daqceva da naTeli sibneled gadaiqca

Tu mxolod CemTvis aris es gasaWiri, ninos RmerTo, gaminaTe es

sibnele da maCvene Cemi samyofeli da vaRiareb Sens saxels da

aRvmarTav jvris Zels da Tayvans vcem mas da avaSeneb saxls Cems

salocavad da vi q nebi ninos fromauli rjulis morCi li.

es yvelaferi rom warmoTqva, gaT e nda da gamobrwyinda mze.

da gadmovi da mefe cxenidan, dadga imave adgilas, aRapyro

87

xelebi aRmosavleTiT cisken da Tqva: `Sen xar RmerTi yvela

RmerTze zeviT da ufali yvela uf al ze zeviT, RmerTi, romel-

sac qadag ebs nino da saqebeli aris Seni saxeli yvela dabade-

bulisgan cis qv e SeTSi da qveynierebaze, radgan Sen mi xseni me

gaWirvebisagan da gaminaTe Cemi sibnele. aha ai, mivxvdi, rom

gindo da Cemi xsna da Sveba da Cemi Sendami mi ax leba, kurTxeulo

ufalo. am adgi las aRvmarTav jvris Zels, romliTac idi deba

Seni saxeli da moixsenieba es ambavi da saswauli ukunisamde~.

da daixsoma is adgili [mefem] da gamoemarTa. ixiles naTeli

da Semoue r Tda gabneuli xalxic.

xolo mefe RaRadebda: ̀ mieciT ninos RmerTs dideba mTelma

erma, radgan is aris saukuneTa RmerTi da mxolod mas SeSvenis

dideba ukunisamde~.

xolo nana dedofali da mTeli xalxi gavida mefis misage-

beblad, radgan jer gaegoT [misi] daRupva da mere mSvidobiT

mosvla da miegebebodnen qinZarSi da RarTaSi576.

xolo netari nino idga mwuxris locvaze im mayvlovanSi, misi

Cveulebisamebr, Tavis dros da Cvenc masTan, ormocdaaTi suli.

da iyo: roca Semovida mefe, SeZruli iyo qalaqi da xmamaR-

la RaRadebda mefe: `sad aris is ucxo qali, romelic deda aris

Cemi da misi RmerTi _ Cemi mxsneli~. da roca uTxres, rom: `aq,

mayvlovanSi aris da locu l o bso, mobrunda mefe da mTeli misi

la Sqari, movida da Camoxda saxedrid an da eubneboda ninos:

`axla Rirsi var Se ni RmerTisa da Cemi mxsnelis saxel is mo-

wodebis~. xolo wminda nino aswav lida da mouwodebda swrafad

eca Tayvani aRmosavleTiT da eRiarebina qriste, RvTis Ze.

maSin iyo mTeli xalxis grgvinva da tirili, rodesac xe-

davdnen mefesa da dedofals cremlianebs.

da meore dRes577 gagzavna elCebi saberZneTSi mirian mefem

konstantine mefis winaSe da ninos werili elene dedoflis wi-

naSe da auwyes yvela es qristesmieri saswauli, romelic mox-

da mcxeTaSi mirian mefeze da wadierad moiTxoves mRvdlebi

naTlisRebisTvis.

88

xolo wminda nino da misi mowafeebi qadagebdnen xalxSi dRe

da Rame daucxromlad da uCvenebdnen sasufevlis WeSmarit

gzas.

Tqmuli misive

eklesiebis aSenebisTvis

rodesac daadga mefe da mTeli eri qristianobas gulm-

odginebiT, vidre mRvdlebis mosvlamde, uTxra mefem wminda ni-

nos: `meCqareba me RvTis saxlis aSeneba, sad avuSenoT?~. uTxra

wminda ninom: `sadac mefeTa azria mtkice~. uTxra mas mefem:

miyvars me es Seni mayvlovani da iq mne bavs Cemi gonebiT, magram

ar [vizam] ase, aramed ar gaveridebi im samefo baRs da naZvebis

simaRles da amaTi rtoebis nayofierebas da yvavilebis sur-

nelebas, radgan Cveneba, romelic Sen ixile, _ im uSnofrTiani

frinvelebis wyliT ganbanva da brwyinvaled gaTeTreba da maTi

dasxdoma baRis im xeebze da tkbili xmiT maTi galoba, _ [imas

niSnavs, rom] es xorcieli da warmavali samoTxe Segvecvleba

saukuno samoTxed da iq avaSenoT RvTis saxli Cvens salocavad,

vi dre mRvdlebis mosvlamde saberZ neTidan~.

da maSinve moitana xe da aCqarebda xuroebs da mokveTa is

naZvi578 da im naZvisagan daamzada eklesiis Svidi sveti. da roca

aaSenes kedeli xiT da aRmarTes is eqvsi sveti cal-calke, xolo

is udidesi sveti, romelic sanax a vad sakvirveli iyo, eklesiis

SuaSi Sesadgmelad gamzadebuli, ver SeZles misi aRmarTva579.

da auwyes mefes is sakvirveleba - im svetis adgilidan sruliad

verdaZvra.

maSin movida mefe xalxis simravliT. da moitanes mravalg-

vari manqana da simarjviTa da xalxis simravlis ZaliTac ecad-

nen aRmarTvas da ver SeZles. da gakvirvebuli mefe da xalxis

simravle da ambobdnen: `ra aris es?~. da roca dadga mwuxri, wav-

ida mefe Tavis saxlSi didad Sewuxebuli.

89

xolo wminda nino da misi Tormeti mowafe qali darCnen im

svetTan. xolo is sanatreli godebda im svetze da daadinebda

Tavis cremlebs. roca swored SuaRame iyo, Camoiqca es orive

mTa, armazi da zadeni, TiTqosda CamoirRvnen da gaaCeres orive

wyali da mtkvarma gadmoxeTqa da mihqonda qalaqi da Seiqna

moTqmisa da godebis sazareli xma. agreTve aragvic gad m o vida

cixeze da iyo sazareli grgvinva. SeSindnen dedebi da garbod-

nen, xolo netari nino RaRadebda: `nu geSiniaT, Cemo debo, mTebi

iqve arian da wylebic iqve dian da mTel ers sZinavs. xolo es, rom

TiTqosda mTebi dairRvnen, samarTlianad ge CvenebaT, radgan

urwmunoebis mTebi dairRvnen qarTlSi, xolo wylebi, romlebic

dadgnen, [moaswavebs, rom] kerpebis mimarT ymawvilTa Sewir vis

sisxli SeCerdeba, xolo es moTqmis xma aris eSmakTa simravlisa,

radgan isini igloven TavianT Tavebs, romlebic garbian am adg-

ilidan RvTis ZaliTa da qristes jvriT. mobrundiT da iloceT

RvTis mimarT~. da myisierad dacxra is xma da araferi iyo580.

da dadga wminda nino, aRapyro xelebi da loculobda RvTis

mimarT da ambobda: `rom ar dabrkoldes es saqme, romelsac ad-

gas mefe~.

da vidre ar eyivla qaTams, qalaqis samive kars zari dasca

Zlierma laSqarma, dalewes karebi da aivso qalaqi sparselebis

laSqriT da Seiqna Tavzardamcemi zriali da kivili da kvla da

sisxli dioda da aivso mTeli adgili [sisxliT] da movida maTTan

yiJinisa da maxvilis simravle da im sxvebis SiSisagan dneboda

[maTi] xorci da gailia maTi suli da tirodnen [dedebi] TavianTi

naTesavebisTvis.

da male gaisma, iZaxdnen ra xmamaRla :

`sparselebis mefe xuara brZanebs da mefeT-mefe xuaran-

xuara: yvela huria gaarideT maxvilis pirs~. es rom momesma,

movege cnobaze; da Se v e WvdiT me da CemTan erTad is aTi [qalic]

da moaxloebuliyvnen maxvilosnebi, Cvens garSemo scemdnen da

klavdnen. da gaisma Zlieri xma _ `mirian mefe Seip yreso~. irgv-

liv mimoixeda im mxnedmoRvawem da Tqva: ̀ es, rac xdeba, vici, rom

90

axla didad sWirs da vmadlob RmerTs, rom es maTi warwymedisa

da qarTlis cxonebisa da am adgilis didebis niSani aris~.

da gvanugeSebda, rogorc xelova ni moZRvari, WeSmaritad

moZRvari da qr istes mociquli. da miubrunda [Cvenken] momaval

im xalxs da uTxra: `sad ar ian sparselTa mefeebi xuara da xua-

r an -xuara, sabastanidan guSin wamox ve d iT, male mo xvediT da

didi ram la Sqari xarT? Zlierad daleweT es qalaqi da maxvi-

li dahka riT. [vubrZaneb] qa rebs da niavebs: wa diT bneli d an Cr-

diloeTisken, kedaris mTebisken. aha, movida, ro m e l sac Tqven

gaurbixa rT~. da Seatoka xeli jvrissaxed da my i sier ad gauCi-

narda yvela maTgani581. da Seiqna didi sim yudrove da dedebi Se -

na trodnen mas da adidebdnen Rme rTs.

xolo roca ciskari ixsneboda, mierula yvela im dedas, xolo

me, sidonia, mRviZare viyavi. da igi582 idga xelapyrobili. aha ai,

warmoudga erTi Wabuki im netars, mTlianad naTliT Semkobili,

cecxlis zewriT Segragnili da uTxra raRac sami sityva583. xolo

igi daeca pirqve, xolo im Wabukma mihyo xeli im svets da aamaRla

da waiRo simaRleze. da me gakvirvebuli mivuaxlovdi da vuTx-

ari ase: `dedofalo, ra aris es?~. xo lo man miTxra: `moidrike

Tavi miwaze~ da tirili daiwyo SiSisgan. da cota xnis Semdeg

adga da amayena mec da gavSordiT im adgils. xolo dedebi, rom-

lebic [Cvens] garda kidev [iq] iyvnen, maTac ixiles: is sveti cecx-

lis msgavsad Camodioda da miuaxlovda im kvarcxlbeks da dadga

miwidan acilebuli, ase Tormeti wyrTa da nela Camoinacvlebda

Tavis kvarcxlbekze, imave naZvis Ziris gadanaWerze.

roca is iyo gariJraJda, adga mefe guldamZimebuli dardis-

agan, gaxeda im baRs, dawyebul eklesias, sadac mt kice iyo misi

goneba, ixila naTeli, rogorc im baRidan caSi aRweuli. iwyo

sirbili da swrafad modioda da misi saxlis mTeli simravle da

qalaqis mTeli mosaxleoba movida masTan erTad.

da ixiles is sakvirveleba: naTliT brwyinvale sveti Camo-

dioda Tavis adgilze, TiTqos rogorc zecidan da dadga im

kvarcxlbekze da daemyara kacTagan xelSeuxeblad. da netare-

91

ba iyo im dros, radgan es rom xdeboda, SiSiTa da sixaruliT

aivso qalaqi mcxeTa da cremlis md i nareebi sdioda mefeebsa

da mTavrebs da mTel xalxs maTi sulis siRrmidan da adidebd-

nen RmerTsa da Senatrodnen netar ninos. da xdeboda im dReebSi

didi da mravali saswauli.

pirvelad movida huria, Sobidan brma, miuaxlovda im svetsa

da iqve aexila Tvali da adidebda RmerTs.

meore movida sefewuli ymawvili, amazaspani584; iwva rva wlis

[sneuli]. moiyvana dedamisma sarwmunoebiT da daawvina sakaciT

im naTlis svetis wi naSe da namdviladve naTlis [svetis winaSe]

da evedreboda netar ninos da eubneboda: ̀ moxede, dedofalo, am

Cems Zes, sikvdilad miwevnuls. radgan vici, RmerTebis RmerTi

aris is, romelsac Sen emsaxurebi da Cven gviqadageb~. maSin wmin-

da ninom Seaxo xeli im svets, [Semdeg] daado im yrmas da uTxra:

`gwams ieso qriste, RvTis Ze, mTeli qveynierebis sacxoneblad

xorciT mosuli? ganikurne amieridan da adide igi, visma Zalamac

gangkurna~. da swrafad wamodga is ymawvili, rogorc utkivari.

da daeca didi SiSi mefesa da mTel xalxs. da nair-nairi sneulni

modiodnen da ikurnebodnen, vidre mefem ar Seqmna saburveli im

svetis xis garSemo da dafara TvalTaxedvisgan. da aseve Seex-

eboda [xolme] xalxi im farduls da ganikurnebodnen.

swrafad daiwyo mefem da daasrula eklesia im baRSi.

da roca miaRwies mirian mefis elCebma konstantine mefis wi-

naSe da mo uTxres yvelaferi, rac moxda, maSin aivso sixaruliT

mefe da misi deda, elene dedofali: pirvelad amisTvis, rom Rv-

Tis madli miefineboda yvela adgils da maT xelqveS miiRebda

naTels mTeli qarTli. Semdeg, imisTvis gamxiaruldnen, rom

dasturi miiRes mirian mefisagan sparselebis srulad amosaw-

yvetad da maTis siyvarulis mtkiced miRebisa. da adidebdnen da

madlobdnen RmerTs. da gamoagzavna WeSmariti mRvdeli iovane

episkoposad da masTan ori mRvdeli da sami diakoni. da moswera

mirians konstantine mefem dalocvis werili da RvTisadmi sa-

madlobeli kurTxeva da gamoatana jvari585 da macxovris xati da

92

masTan erTad didi ZRveni. da elene dedofalma moswera qebisa

da nugeSiscemis werili.

moaRwia iovane episkoposma da masTan erTad mRvdlebma da

diakonebma da despanebma mcxeTas da aivsnen sixaruliT mefe da

dedofali da mTeli maTi eri, radgan yvelas surda naTlisReba.

maSin swrafad gagzavna brZaneba mirian mefem yvela erisTav Tan,

spasalarebTan da samefos yvela pirTan mis winaSe mosawode-

blad da swrafad movida yvela qalaqSi.

maSin moinaTla mefe wminda ninos xelqveS586 da Semdeg dedo-

fali da maTi Svilebi im mRvdlebisa da diakonTa xelqveS. da amis

Semdeg akurTxes mdinare mtkvari da episkoposma gaamzada erTi

adgili xidis axlos, mogveTis karTan, sadac iyo eliozis saxli,

da iq scemda naTels warCinebu l ebs, saTiTaod, da im adgils ewoda

mT avarTa sanaTlo. xolo mis qvemoT, mdinaris pirasve, organ, is

ori mRvdeli da diakoni naTlavda xalxs. da miawydeboda is xalxi

erTmaneTs gul swrafad, da evedrebodnen mRvd lebs, rom pirve-

lad swored misTvis ecaT naTeli.

da ase mosurne iyo is xalxi naTlis Rebisa, radgan moesminaT

wminda ninos qadageba, romelSic ambobda: `yvelam, romelic ar

miiRebs naTels, ver ipovos saukuno naTeli~587, da amitom es-

wrafvoda naTlisRebas yvela maT gani.

da amgvarad moinaTla mTeli xalxi da qarTlis umravlesoba,

mxo lod ar moinaTlnen kavkasieli mTiulebi, arc movidnen am

naTlis mofenisas, aramed darCnen sibneleSi ramdenime xans. da

mcxeTelma huriebmac ar miiRes naTeli, magram barabianebma588

miiRes naTeli, ormocdaaTma saxlma, da gaxdnen WeSmariti qris-

tianebi. amitomac gandiddnen isini mefis winaSe; da uboZa [mefem]

maT daba, romelsac hqvia cixedidi589. magram ar moinaTla fero-

zi, mi rian mefis siZe, romelsac hqonda rani bardavamde micemuli

mirian mefisagan, arc misma xalxma miiRo naTeli, aramed mxolod

xorcielad emsaxureboda mirian mefes.

maSin gagzavna mirian mefem iovane episkoposi da masTan erTi

warCinebuli konstantine mefis winaSe da moiTxova cxovrebis

93

xis nawili590, romelic swored im dros aRmoeCina RvTismoyvare

elene dedofals da moiTxova bevri mRvdeli, rom mievlinebi-

na yvela qalaqSi da [yvela] adgilas da moenaTlaT xalxi, rom

swrafad mieRo naTeli qarTlis yvela suliers. da moiTxova

qviTxuroebis moZRvrebi eklesiebis asaSeneblad.

rom miaRwies konstantine keisris winaSe, sixaruliT uZRvna

sicocxlis xis nawili da is ficrebi, romlebzedac uflis fexe-

bi iyo dalursmuli da xelis lursmnebi da gamoagzavna mRvdle-

bi da diakonebi Zalian bevri, radgan konstantine mefem Tavis

mefobaSi aaSena wminda eklesia, RvTis xuTasi taZari da misca

didZali ganZi iovane episkoposs da ubrZana: `sadac saWirod

miiCnio qarTlis mxareebSi, aaSene eklesiebi Cemi saxeliT da es

saCuqrebi daabinave qarTlis qa laqebSi~.

da wamovida episkoposi da masTan erTad elCi.

da roca moaRwies adgils, romelsac hqvia eruSeTi591 da da-

tova iq xuroebi eklesiis saqmisTvis, dautova ganZi da uflis

lursmnebi da wamovida. da datova wundaSi592 xuroebi da ganZi da

roca daiwyo eklesia, wamovida da movida manglisSi593 da daiwyo

eklesia da datova uflis is ficrebi.

maSin Sewuxda mirian mefe amis gamo, radgan pirvelad samefo

qalaqSi [ki] ar movidnen, aramed sxva qalaqebSi da adgilebSi dai-

wyes eklesiebis Seneba da [iq] datoves [wminda] nawilebi. xolo

movida wminda nino mefis winaSe da uTxra: `nu swuxxar, mefeo,

radgan ase aris saWiro: sadac mivlen, daTesaven [xolme] RvTis

saxels. xolo am qalaqSi aris is didebuli uflis samoseli~.

maSin moiyvana mefem abiaTar mRvdeli da masTan mravali hu-

ria da gamoikiTxa maTgan im kvarTis ambavi. xolo maT mouTxres

yvelaferi, romelic zemoT aRwerili aris. maSin aRapyro xelebi

mirian mefem da Tqva: `kurTxeuli xar Sen, ufalo ieso qriste,

co cxali RvTis Zev, radgan Tavdapirveladve gindoda Cveni xsna

eSmakisagan da im bneli adgilisgan. amisaTvis is Seni wminda sa-

moseli gamoatane wminda qalaq ierusalimidan im ebraelebs, Seni

RvTaebriobisgan gaucxoebulebs da mogveci Cven, ucxo modgmas~.

94

da daadga mefe da mTeli qarTli qristianobas mtkiced. dai-

wyes xuroebma eklesiis Seneba gareubanSi, im mayvlovanze, wminda

ninos samyofelSi, sadac axla aris saepiskoposo eklesia594. maSin

Tqva wminda ninom: `kurTxeulia RmerTi da mama Cveni uflis, ieso

qristesi, romelmac moavlina misi wminda sityva maRali cebidan,

TavisiT Zlieri taxtidan gadmosuli amqveynad mdablad, Sobili

ueWvelad daviTis Teslisagan, mxolodSobili, wminda da ubiwo

qalisagan, romelic amoerCia mas da am mizeziT Seiqna Cveni cx-

ovrebis mizezi, romelmac cis qveS yvelaferi gaanaTa da morwmu-

neebi acxovna, romelic iSva rogorc kaci, yvelas sinaTle, mama

RvTis xati da rogorc viRac rjulis msaxurma naTeliRo wylis-

gan da miwisgan595, jvars ecva, daeflo da aRdga mesame dRes da

avida maRla mamasTan da kvlav mova didebiT, romelsac SeSvenis

yovelive dideba mamasTan da wminda sulTan [erTad]~.

patiosani jvris aRmarTebisaTvis

roca naTeliRes mefem da dedofalma da maTma Svilebma da

mTelma xalxma, maSin idga erTi xe erT adgilas, kldeze, Seu-

val borcvze da iyo is xe didad mSvenieri da surnelovani. da

es sakvirveleba iyo im xisgan, rom isarnacemi nadiri, romelic

movidoda da SeWamda mis foTols, gindac Camocvenil Tesls,

gadarCeba sikvdils, Tundac sasikvdilo adgilas didad dawy-

lulebuli yofiliyo.

es Zalian sakvirvelad miaCndaT im uwindel warmarTebs da

auwyes iova ne episkoposs im xis ambavi, xolo episko p o sma Tqva:

`aha ai, WeSmaritad Tavdapirveladve Senaxuli aris es qveyana

RmerTisgan Tavis msaxurad, radgan RmerTisagan aRmocenda is

xe Senaxuli am droisTvis, radgan axla moefina RvTis madli

qarTls da im xisgan aris saWiro patiosani jvris Seqmna, romel-

sac Tayvans scems qarTlis mTeli umravlesoba~. da wavida revi,

mefis Ze da episkoposi da xalxis simravle da mokveTes is xe da

95

wamoiRes Tavis rtoebianad. da mohqonda aT aTeul kacs zezeu-

lad rtoianad da foTlebianad SemohqondaT qalaqSi.

da Seikriba xalxi im simwvanisa da foTlianobis dros, zaf-

xulis pirze, rodesac yvela sxva xe xmeli iyo, xolo es [iyo] fo-

Toldaucveneli, surnelovani da sanaxavad mSvenieri.

da aRmarTes is xe [Tavis] Zirze, eklesiis karTan, samxreTiT

da ube ravda neli niavi da Slida im xis foTlebs da arxevda mis

rtoebs. da iyo misi xilva mSvenieri, rogorc smeniT viciT im al-

vis xis ambavi596.

es [xe] mokveTes ocdaxuT marts, paraskev dRes597. da idga is xe ase

ocdaCvidmet dRes598 da ar Seicvala feri misma foTolma, TiTqos-

da idga Tavis Zirzeve, wyarosTavze, sanam maRlari tyis yvela xe

[ar] Seimosa foTliT da nayofis gamomRebeli xeebi [ar] Seimosnen

yvaviliT. maSin maisis Tvis pirvelSi gakeTdnen es jvrebi599 da am

Tvis SvidSi aRimarTnen mefeebis xelisdadebiT600, qalaqis mTeli

xalxis sixaruliTa da mowadinebiT da iyvnen eklesiaSi.

ixila qalaqis mTelma xalxma yovel dRes: aha, Camodioda cecx-

lis jvari zecidan da mis garSemo _ varskvlavTa gvirgvinis ms-

gavsad, da dgeboda eklesiaze vidre ganTiadamde da gariJraJze

gamodioda misgan ori varskvlavi: erTi wavidoda aRmosavle-

TiT da erTi dasavleTiT da TviT is [jvari] ase brwyinvale, nel-

nela gadioda aragvis imier mxares da dadgeboda [xolme] kldis

borcvze zemo mxares, im wyaros axlos, romelic aRmoacena wminda

ninos cremlebma da iqidan amaRldeboda zecaSi. da ase mravalgzis

ixila mTelma xalxma Cveni RvTis macxovareba.

maSin daiwyes netari ninos gamokiTxva, Tu: `ra aris [es], rom

gamodis brwyinvale varskvlavi da erTi midis aRmosavleTiT da

erTi dasavleTiT?~.

xolo man Tqva:

`gagzavneT kacebi maRal mTebze aRmosavleTiT, vidre kax-

eTis mTamde da dasavleTiT, vidre am qalaqis sanaxebamde da

rodesac gamobrwyindebian is ciskris varskvlavebi, naxaven, Tu

sad gaCerdebian da iqve aRimarTos qristes es ori jvario~.

96

maSin gaakeTa mefem ase da moicva mTebis Tavebi miyolebiT.

xolo es dRe iyo paraskevi da SabaTi Tendeboda601. iyo igive sas-

wauli da moxda aseve, rogorc yovelTvis xdeboda.

meore dRes movidnen dasavleTis [kacebi], romlebic idgnen

qvabTaTavis602 mTebze da mouTxres mefes: ̀ roca gamovida is var-

skvlavi, amaRlda da miaRwia TxoTis mTebs, kaspis gadasasvlels,

daadga erT adgilas da nela gauCinarda~. da aseve movidnen kax-

eTis mTidan da Tqves: `vixileT aqedan momavali varskvlavi da

daadga kuxeTis daba bods~.

maSin ubrZana netarma ninom: `wai ReT ori jvari da aRmarTeT

erTi TxoTze, sadac gagimxilaT RmerTma Ta visi Zala da erTi

mieci salomes, qristes mxevals da aRmarTos ujarma qalaqSi.

radgan bodi, kuxeTis daba, win ar aRudges mefeTa qalaqs, rad-

gan xalxis simravle aris masSi~, xolo daba bodisi TviT movixi-

lo, is RvTissaTno adgili603.

da gaakeTes ase, rogorc ubrZna wminda ninom. xolo es, zecis

saswaul iT gamoCenili mcxeTis patiosani jvari aiRes kacobri-

vi xeliT da mivi dnen im borcvis qveS. im wyaroze a Ties Rame da

iloces RvTis mimarT da netari nino cremliT Seazavebda mas da

xdeboda kurnebebi da didi sa s waulebi.

xolo meore dRes avidnen im kldeze. da mivida is netari im bor-

cvze, daeca im qvebze, tiroda TviTon is da masTan mefeebi da mTa v-

rebi da mTeli eris simravle, [ise, rom] mTebi xmas gamoscemdnen. da

daado xeli erT qvasa da uTxra epikoposs: `modi, radgan Sen geva le-

ba da dawere jvari am qvas~ da man gaakeTa ase da iq aR i marTa is jva ri

didebiT604, mefeebis mier. da moidrika is uricxvi xa lxi da Tay vani

sces jvars da aRiares jvarcmuli WeSmaritad RvTis cocxal Zed. da

iwames samebiT didebuli RmerTi. xolo is didi mTavrebi ar Sorde-

bodnen wminda eklesias da sinaTlis svets da im cocxal jvars, rad-

gan xedavdnen im uzomo saswaulebsa da im eniT auwerel kurnebebs.

da aRvsebis zatikis kvira dRes605 gaakeTa [es] mirian mefem da

mTelma mcxeTam is Sesawiri dRe daawesa jvris samsaxureblad _

aRvsebis zatiki _ mTelma qarTlma dRevandel dRemde.

97

da iyo ramdenime dRis Semdeg, martviliis win, ixiles didad

saSineli saswauli, oTxSabaT dRes606: aha ai, sinaTlis sveti jvr-

is saxed idga im jvris Tavze da Tormeti varskvlavi gvirgvinis

msgavsad [idga] mis garSemo, xolo is borcvi surnelis msgavsad

ikmeoda. da xedavda am saswauls yvela da mravali uRmerToTa-

gani moiqca da moinaTla im dReebSi, xolo qristianebi ufro

[metad] morwmuneebi xdebodnen da adidebdnen RmerTs.

mere kvlav ixiles jvris sxva saswauli: cecxliviT [raRac]

idga mis Tavze, Svidwilad mzeze ubrwyinvalesi, zed daadga mas da

rogorc quras asdis naperwklebi, aseve RvTis angelozebi adiod-

nen da gadmodiodnen masze, xolo jvris is borcvi iZroda Zlierad

da roca is saswauli dacxreboda, aseve is Zvrac dacxreboda.

roca ixiles is saswauli, gaukvirda yvelas da ufro da

metad adidebdnen RmerTs. da roca xdeboda wliTi-wlad is sas-

wauli, da mTeli xalxi xedavda [mas] SiSiT da ZrwoliT, modiod-

nen gulmodgined Tayvanis sacemad.

im dros revs, mefis Zes, hyavda mcirewlovani ymawvili. da

iyo sneuli da sikvdilamde iyo misuli, radgan mxolod is hyav-

da maT, moiyvana da dado igi jvris winaSe da cremliT ambobda:

`Tuki miboZeb am ymawvils cocxals, avaSeneb gumbads Sens samyo-

felad~. da iqve ganikurna is yrma da gankurnebuli da gacocx-

lebuli waiyvana. mere movida aRTqmulis Sesasruleblad da

didi sixaruliT gadaixada madloba. da gulmodgined aaSena

mcxeTis jvris saburveli revma607, mefis Zem da yovelwliurad

modioda da aRasrulebda im aRTqmul msxverpls. da im dRidan

ufro modioda yvela uZluri da sneuli, ikurnebodnen da six-

aruliT adi d e bdnen qristes wminda jvars.

iyo viRac Wabuki mamakaci da orive Tvali dabrmaveboda. ijda

igi qristes jvris winaSe da Svidi dRis Semdeg aexila Tvalebi

da adidebda patiosan jvars.

mere viRac qali iyo, ukeTuri su lisgan mudmivad gvemuli

imdenad, rom misi Zala da goneba waerTmia rva weli da Tavis sa-

mosels ixevda. da rogorc ki moiyvanes da patiosan jvars amTx-

98

vies, Tormeti dRis Semdeg ganikurna da Tavis fexiT wavida da

adidebda RmerTs da Tayvans scemda patiosan jvars.

da aseve iyo viRac mcirewlovani ymawvili, ucbad daeca

da mokvda. aiRo is dedamisma da daagdo jvris winaSe is mkv-

dari ymawvili, dilidan mwuxramde. xolo dedamisi tiriliT

loculobda jvris winaSe da sxvebi eubnebodnen: `waiRe, qalo

da damarxe, radgan mkvdaria da nuRar awuxeb~. xolo man ar

warikveTa saso, aramed ufro sawyaloblad tiroda da locu-

lobda. mxolod mwuxris Jams mosulierda [ymawvili] da Tvale-

bi aaxila da Svidi dRis Semdeg gankur nebuli da gacocxlebu-

li waiyvana is ymawvili dedamisma da adidebda RmerTs.

ixiles ra saswauli da yovladwminda jvris makurnebloba, mra-

vali uSvilo modioda da iTxovdnen Svilierebas da Svilmravali

xdebodnen da Sesawiravebsa da madlobas swir a v dnen. araTu, romel-

ic midiodnen, mxolod maT mianiWebda igi kurnebas, aramed, rom-

lebic Soridan iTxovdnen mcxeTis wminda jvrisagan Sewevnas, iqve

misi SewevniT miiRebdnen madls, sZlevdnen mtrebs da saswrafod

modiodnen madlobis Sesawirad. mravalni uRmrToni, gaWirvebaSi

Cacvivdebodnen ra, rodesac SehRaRadebdnen wminda jvars, maSinve

Tavs aRwevdnen gaWirvebas da sixaruliT modiodnen patiosani

jvris samTxvev ad, saCqarod inaTlebodnen da adi d e b dnen patio-

san jvars. mravalni mraval gaWirvebaSi Cacvenilan da patiosani

jvris ZaliT gankurnebulan sxvadasxva satanjvelisgan.

dRemde morbian masTan, evedrebian, myisve ikurnebian da

adidebdnen mamas da Zes da wminda suls.

werili, romelic moswera romis patriarqma

da branjebis mefem ninos da mefe mirians

da qarTlis mTel xalxs

im dReebSi movida wminda patriarqis werili romidan ninos

da mefisa da qarTlis mTeli eris mimarT. da moavlina branji

99

diakoni qebis Sesasxmelad da kurTxevis misacemad da netari ni-

nosagan dalocvis wasaRebad da madlis saziareblad. [diakons]

hqonda branjebis mefis werili ninosTanac, radgan mamamisisa-

gan mieRo naTeli branjeTSi608. da es yvela feri smenoda ieru-

salimidan da konstantinepolidan, rom qarTlis qveyanas mie-

fina simarTlis mze. amisTvis moewera sanatreli werili, rom

euw ya im svetisa da mayvlovanis is aqauri sa s waulebi da Zala da

kurneba.

es yvelaferi ixila da moismina is saswaulebi branjma dia-

konma, romlebic momxdariyo mcxeTaSi da gakvirvebuli adideb-

da RmerTs, waiRo werilebi da wavida.

* * *

maSin uTxra mefem wminda ninos da episkoposs: `mnebavs ase,

rom iZulebiT maxviliT movaqcio mTiulebi da Cemi siZe, ferozi

da davamonoT RvTis Zes da vaTayvanoT patiosan jvars~.

maSin uTxres [mefes]: ar aris nabrZanebi uflisgan amxvilis

aReba, aramed saxarebiTa da patiosani jvriT vuCvenoT WeSmari-

ti gza, saukuno cxovrebaSi mimyvani da RvTis madlma gaanaTlos

maTi gulis is sibnele~.

da wavida wminda nino da iovane episkoposi da maT Tan gaay-

ola mefem erTi erisTavi.

mividnen da dadgnen wobenSi609 da mouwodes mTiulebs, piru-

tyvis msgavs xalxs, WarTalel e bs610, fxoelebs611, wilkneleb-

sa612 da gu da mayrelebs613 da uqadages maT qristianebis WeSmar-

iti rjuli, saukuno cx ov rebaSi mimyvani, xolo maT ar ine bes

naTlisReba.

maSin mefis erisTavma cotaTi mimarTa maxvili maTze da Zal-

iT Semusra maTi kerpebi.

gadmovidnen iqidan da dadgnen JaleTSi da uqadages erwo-

TianeTelebs, xolo maT Seiwynares [qadageba] da moinaTlnen,

xolo fxoelebma datoves TavianTi qveyana da gadavidnen Tu-

SeTSi614. da sxva mTiulebis umravlesobac ar moiqca, aramed

100

daumZima maT mefem xarki, roca ar inebes naTlisReba. amisTvis

gaikribnen isini da Secdnen. da zogi moaqcia abibos nekreselma

episkoposma da zogi maTgani darCa warmarTobaSive dRemde.

xolo wminda nino gaemarTa ranSi wa sasvlelad, ferozis

mosaqcevad da ro ca miuaxlovda kuxeTs, bodisis dabas, dahyo

iq ramdenime dRe. da modiodnen masTan kaxeTidan615 da aRiarebda

mis swavlebas mravali xalxi.

maSin dasneulda iq. da roca gaigo revma, mefis Zem da salomem,

misma colma, romlebic cxovrobdnen ujarmaSi, movidnen ninos-

Tan da acnobes mefesa da dedofals, xolo maT miavlines episko-

posi iovane wminda ninos wamosayvanad, xolo wminda nino ar emor-

Cileboda. maSin wavida TviT mefe da mravali xalxi da Seikriba

am ambavze mravali Zlieri xalxi, radgan xedavda mTeli is xalxi

ninos saxes, rogorc zecis angelozis saxes da moaxevdnen misi

samoslis kides, aiRebdnen da rwmeniT emTxveodnen da iZulebiT

evedreboda yvela dedofali, garSemo msxdomi, romlebsac gad-

mosdiodaT Tvale bi dan cremlebi maTi moZRvrisa da moRvawisa

da sneulebis xelovani mkurnalis ganSorebis gamo.

da uebnebodnen salome ujarmeli da peroJavris sivnieli da

maTTan [erTad] erisTavebi da mTavrebi ekiTxebodnen, Tu: `said-

an an rogor moxvedi am qveyanaSi Cvens mxsnelad, an sadRa mox-

da Seni aRzrda, dedofalo? gvauwye Cven Seni ambavi, rad ambob

[Sens] tyveobas, sanatrelo tyveTa mxsnelo, radgan es gviswavl-

ia Sen mier, rom yofilan winaswar me tyvelebi RvTis Zis uwin da

Semdeg Tormeti mociquli da sxva samocdaTormeti da CvenTan

aravin moavlina RmerTma, Sen ga rda616 da rogor ambob, rom tyve

va ro me, anu rogorc ucxo~.

maSin daiwyo sityva wminda ninom da Tqva: `sarwmunoebis

asulno, RvTis maxlobelno, Cemo dedoflebo, gxedavT Tqven,

rogorc im pirvel dedebs, srul sarwmunoebasa da qris t es siy-

varulSi617 da gnebavT Cemi, glaxaki mxevlis, gzis codna. da gau-

wyebT kidec, radgan aha mosuli aris Cemi suli Cems xorxTan, da-

viZineb Cemi dedis ZiliT618 saukunod. aramed moitaneT kalmebi

101

da aRwereT Cemi glaxa ki da uqmi cxovreba, rom icodnen Tqvenma

Svilebmac Tqveni sarwmunoeba da Cemi [Tqvengan] Sewynareba da

RvTis saswa u lebi, romlebic ginaxavT.

maSin swrafad moitanes sawer-kalmebi salome ujarmelma da

peroJa v ri sivnielma. daiwyo sityva wminda ninom da isini werd-

nen. da mouTxro yve laferi, romelic zemoT aRvwereT, im wmin-

danisa da netaris619 cxov re ba da Seavedra mefes iakob mRvdeli,

rom iovanes Semdeg igi iyos epis koposi.

maSin iovane episkoposma Sewira Jami da aziara wminda nino

qristes xorcsa da sisxls da Seavedra [wminda ninom] Tavisi suli

caTa meufes Ta visi qarTlSi mosvlidan meToTxmete wels620,

qristes amaRlebidan samas da ocdaTvramet wels, dasabamidan

xuTi aTas rvaas ocdaTvramet wels.

maSin daiZra es orive qalaqi, mcxeTa da ujarma da mTeli qar-

Tli, nin os gardacvalebisas. iq mividnen da da m arxes misi Zl-

evaSemosili gvami kuxeTis adgilsave, bodis dabaSi, radg an iq

iTxova TviTon daflva mefisgan, RvTis SexedulebiT. simdablis

gamo ga akeTa es wmindanma, radgan is adgi li ubralo iyo. da dam-

wuxrebuli iyo mefe da yvela warCinebuli misi iq damarxvis gamo,

magram misi mcnebisa da anderZis Sesasruleblad damarxes iq.

da rom Seasrula es yvelaferi RvTivganbrZnobilma mirian

mefem, ganamtkica mTeli qarTli da hereTi erTarseba samebis,

dausabamo RmerTisa, yovelives dambadebelis sarwmunoebaSi da

ganmtkicdnen srul sarwmunoebaSi, maSin keisar konstantines,

romelsac hyavda mZevali, mirianis Ze, romelsac erqva baqari,

gamougzavna is mefe konstantinem didi ZRveniT da moswera

[mirians] ase: `me, kostantine mefe, TviTmpyrobeli, caTa meufis

axali mona, Tavdapirvelad eSmakisgan datyvevebuli da mere

gamoxsnili dambadeblis mier, mogwer Sen, RvTivganbrZnobil da

Cemnairadve axalnerg morwmune mefes, mirians, iyos SenTan mSvi-

doba da sixaruli! rodidanac icani Sen erTarseba sameba, dau-

sabamo RmerTi, yovelives dambadebeli, aRar mWirdeba me Sengan

mZevali, aramed sakmarisia Cvens Soris Suamdgomlad qriste,

102

RvTis Ze, yovelTa JamTa uwinares Sobili, romelic gankacda

Cveni xsnisTvis da [sakmarisia] misi patiosani jvari, romelic

mocemulia CvenTvis, mis moimedeTaTvis winamZRolad da dam-

badebeli RvTis SuamdgomlobiT viyoT Cven siyvarulSi Zmebiv-

iT da Seni Svili SenTvisve miboZebia, naxe da gaixare da RvTisgan

movlenili mSvidobis ange lozi iyos SenTan maradis. gadevnos

dambadebelma RmerTma macduri eSmaki Seni sazRvrebidan~.

movida baqari, mefe mirianis Ze da konstantine mefis elCi

mcxeTaSi621. aivsnen sixaruliT mirian mefe da nana de dofali da

madlobdnen RmerTs, yvela saboZvaris momcemels.

maSin mirian mefem daasrula saepiskoposo eklesia622 da aRas-

rula misi satfureba623 mravali didebiT.

da mefis moqcevidan ocdamexuTe wels mokvda misi Ze, revi624,

Trdat somxebis mefis siZe, romlisTvisac mieca [mirians] mefoba

missave sicocxleSi. da damarxes [im] akldamaSive, romelic revs,

TviTon masve aeSenebina.

da imave weliwads dasneulda mirian mefe, romelic aResru-

la625. da moiyvana Tavisi Ze baqari da Tavisi coli nana da uTxra

nanas: aha ai, me mivdivar saidanac movedi da vmadlob mravalmowy-

ale RmerTs, cisa da qveynis dambadebels, romelmac eSmakisagan

datyvevebuli mixsna me jojoxeTis pirisagan da Rirsi gamxada,

[rom davdge] mis marjvniv626. Sen, nana, Tuki cxovrebam dagacalos,

Cems Semdeg gayavi Cveni samefo ganZi orad da miitane [erTi nawili]

Cveni ganmanaTleblis, ninos saflavze, JamTa cvalebadobisTvis,

rom ar Seiryes ukunisamde is adgili, radgan mefeTa sataxto [ki]

ar aris, aramed mwiri [adgili] aris~. aseve daubara episkoposs, rom

daaweson im adgilis dideba, `radgan Rirsi aris pativiscemisa~.

xolo Tavis Zes uTxra: `Cemo Svilo, Seicvala Cemi sibnele

sinaTled da sikvdili _ sicocxled. SenTvis momicia Cemi me-

fobis gvirgvini. RmerTma, cisa da qveynis dambadebelma, gag-

amtkicos Sen srul sarwmunoebaSi. de, daiswavlide mTli-

anad RvTis Zis mcnebebs da mihyevi maT srulad da qristes

saxelisTvis sikvdili sicocxled migaCndes, romliTac waru-

103

val sicocxles moigeb da sadac ipovi im mavnebel cecxlis

kerpebs, cecxliT[ve] dawvi da nacari Seasvi imaT, romlebic

maT esaven. da es Sen Svilebsac amcne, radgan me vici es, rom

kavkasiaSic ar dailevian [kerpebi]. xolo Sen am [saqmes] Seud

eqi Seni guliT da Seni Tavi Seavedre RvTis Zes, JamTa uwinares

Sobils da gankacebulsa da Cveni xsnisTvis vne buls da patiosani

jvris winamZR o l obiT sZlev mtrebs, rogorc aqvT Cveuleba gu-

liT mis mosavebs. da pativi eci RvTivaRmarTul im cocxal sv e-

ts da iyos mTeli Seni sasoeba mis mimarT da Seni misvla saukuno

ZilTan samebis sarwmunoebaSi.

da moatanina wminda ninos is jvari, romelic Tavdapirve-

ladve hqonda da Camokida samefo gvirgvini im jvars. da moiy-

vana Tavisi Ze, baqari. da mis Tavze gamosaxa jvris saxe da aiRo

gvirgvini jvridan da daadga Tavze Tavis Zes.

da aResrula mirian mefe da daimarxa zemo eklesiaSi, samxre-

Tis Sua svetTan, CrdiloeT mxares. da im svetSi aris nawili im

RvTivaRmarTuli sve tis.

da meore wels mokvda nana dedof a li da daimarxa im svetisve

dasavl e T iT, sadac mirian mefe iyo damarxuli.

ocdamexuTe mefe baqari,

mirianis Ze. xosroiani627

da dajda mefed misi Ze baqari628 da iyo morwmune, rogorc

mamamisi. da man moaqcia umravlesi kavkasielebi, romlebic ver

moeqcia mamamiss. da Camovarda missa da somxebs Soris mt roba,

radgan somxebi baqaris Zmis wu lis, revis Zis, Trdat somexTa

mef is as uliswulis mefobas lamobdnen qa r TlSi.

xolo es baqari SeeTqva sparselebis mefes, Tavis ma-

misZmiswuls, dae moy vra da gaucvala qveyana Tavisi dis qmars fe -

rozs. romelsac hqonda rani ba r davamde mirianisgan micemuli,

104

da mi sca mis nacvlad samSvildi s miRma qveynebi vidre abocis Ta-

vamde629.

maSinRa moinaTla ferozi da misi xalxi. da moierTes Zala

xvasr oi anebisgan da SeebrZolnen somxebs j a vaxeTSi, sZlies da

gaaqcies somxebi.

maSin baqar mefem, berZnebis mefisa da sparselebis mefis

Suamd gomlobiT, daawerina Tavis Zmiswulebsa da maT dedas sa-

lomes xelwerili ase, rom: `vidremdis iqneba baqaris Camomav-

loba, romelsac SeeZleba mefobis floba, misi iyos mefoba da

arasodes eZion mefoba revis Camomavlebma~.

maSinRa moiyvana Tavisi Zmiswulebi da misca kuxeTi da dasva

[isini] ru sTavSi erisTavad630.

am baqarma misi cxovrebis mTeli dReebi did sarwmunoebaSi

aRasrula da gaamravla mRvdlebi da diakonebi mTel qarTlsa

da ranSi, eklesiaSi samsaxureblad. aman aaSena wilknis ekle-

sia631. mokvda da daimarxa Tavis ZmasTanve632.

ocdameeqvse mefe mirdati,

baqaris Ze, xosroiani

da dajda mefed misi Ze, mirdati633 da mefobda did sarwmu-

noebaSi. da man aaSena eklesia Tuxarisis cixeSi634, radgan klar-

jeTis xevSi ar iyo eklesia da iq daadgina mRvdeli klarjebis

moZRvrad da umata eruSeTisa da wundis eklesiebis Semkobasa

da Senebas.

maSin am mirdatis mefobaSi daiwyes qarTvelebma cocxali

svetisgan na wi lis gamoReba da jvrad gakeTeba, radgan didi sas-

waulebi da gankur n ebebi xdeboda iq, sadac iyo nawili co c x ali

svetisa. da ar ukrZalavda maT mirdat me fe nawilis gamoRe bas,

radgan WeSmaritma episkoposma ia kobmac aseve miiCnia saWirod

da Tqva: `moniWebulia uflisgan da saWiroa im RvT ivaRmarTuli

105

svetis jvrissaxed Seq m na~. da moifina qarTlis yovel adgil as

cocxali svetis nawilebi.

maSin am mefe mirdatma imave svetisgan Seqmna zomieri jvari

da rac da rCa im cocxali svetisgan, mas gareSemoavlo qviTkiri

da aamaRla qviTkiri Tavdapirveli svetis odena [simaRleze] da

im svetis Tavze aRmarTa is jvari, macocxlebeli xe. da misi cx-

ovrebis mTeli dReebi uSfoTvelad aRasrula did sarwmunoe-

baSi. da mis dros mokvda iakob episkoposi da dajda iob somexi,

nerse kaTalikosis635 di akoni. da mokvda mirdat mefe.

ocdameSvide mefe varaz-baqari,

mirdatis Ze, xosroiani

da dajda mefed misi Ze, varaz-baqari636. da SeirTo ori coli:

erTi _ Trdatis, revis Zis, mirianis Ziswulis asuli da meore _

ferozis Ziswuli, mirianis asuliswulis [asuli]. da uSva revis

Zmiswulma ori Ze, ro m el Tac saxelad erqvaT mirdati da Trda-

ti; erTi uSva ferozis Ziswulma, romelsac erqva farsmani. es

mefe varaz-baqari iyo urwmuno da rjulis moZule kaci da ver

kadrulobda xalxis gamo rjulis siZulvilis gacxadebas, rad-

gan moqceuliyo qarTli da did sarwmunoebaSi iyvnen aznaurebi

da qarTlis mTeli xalxi. da varaz-baqari maTi SiSis gamo ver

acxadebda rjulis datovebas. arsad ar aaSena man eklesia, arc

aSenebulT Se hmata rame da yovliTurT urjulod iqceoda. amis

zeobaSi gamogzavna sparselebis mefem erisTavi didi spiT somx-

ebsa da qarTvelebze xarkis dasadebad. maSin somxebma mougzavnes

varaz-baqars elCi da uTxres, rom Sei k ri bon da moierTon Zala

berZnebis gan da gaaRon kavkasiis karebi da gamoi yvanon osebi da

lekebi da win aR ud gnen sparselebs. da Tavisi warCinebulebic

eubnebo dnen, rom spar s e lebs winaRdgomoda. ar ismina arc so m-

xebis, arc Tavisi warCinebulebis, radgan iyo is mxdali da mSiSara.

106

gadajda igi kaxeTis xe v Si da aaSena cixe xidarSi637 da gaamagra cixe-

qalaqebi da ubrZana yvelas, rom damalon jvrebi.

da movidnen sparselebi pirvelad somxiTSi da moaoxres

somxeTi da Semovidnen qarTlSi. da aaSena sparse l e bis erisTavma

[cixe] tfilisis karTa Soris mcxeTis cixed. maSin varaz-baqari

SeeTqva qveSevrdomad da iTxova mSvidoba, xolo sparselebis

erisTavma uTxra mas: `pi rvelad momeci rani da movakani, radg an

sparseTis sazRvrebis aris da imaTi ar is, romlebic sparseleb-

is mefeebis srulyofili Svilebi arian da sxedan maTi mamebis

taxtze da TqvenTvis, rom le bic mxevlis naSobebi xarT, sakmari-

sia qarTli. gqondeT qarTli da xarki mieciT xosroian me-

feebs~. maSin varaz-baqarma veRar upasuxa, didi SiSisgan misca

rani da movakani da mouWra xarki, xolo sparselebis erisTavma

misca tfilisis cixe da wavida. da imieridan Seiqnen somxebi da

qarTvelebi sparselebis moxarkeebi.

da amis Semdeg gandgnen klarjebi varaz-baqarisgan da

miuerTdnen ber Znebs. da daipyres berZnebma Tuxarisi da mTeli

klarjeTi zRvidan arsianamde da darCa varaz-baqars qarTli

klarjeTis gareSe da hereTi da egrisi. sparseTis imave erisTav-

ma waiyvana tyved ferozis Svilebi, mirianis, morwmune mefis

asuliswulebi da maTi qveyana, qarTlis sazRvari, misca varaz-

baqarsve638. da mokvda varaz-baqar da darCa misi sami ymawvili Ze,

romlebic ver iWerdnen mefobas.

ocdamerve mefe Trdati,

varaz-baqaris simamri, xosroiani

maSin qarTlis warCinebulebma ga n iz raxes da dasves mefed

varaz-baqaris si mamri, revis Ze, mirianis Ziswuli, mo xucebuli

kaci, saxelad Trdati639, da misces varaz-baqaris Svilebi,

misi as u liswulebi, aRsazrdelad. xolo me same Svils, [varaz-

107

baqaris] meore co l i s gan, romelsac erqva saxelad farsm ani,

zrdida samSvildis erisTavi. xolo mefobda es moxucebuli

Trd a ti kargad, iyo morwmune, brZeni da gonieri kaci, aman Tav-

isi sibrZniT da amSvida sparselebi, gamoaCina jvrebi da Seamko

eklesiebi. da amis zeobaSi mo k vda episkoposi iobi da dasves mis

na cvlad elia. da xarks aZlevda igi sparselTa mefes.

xolo man gamoiyvana rus saTave da aaSena eklesia da manve aa-

Sena nekresi640. da mefobda uSfoTvelad, da mokvda did sarwmu-

noebaSi.

ocdamecxre mefe farsmani,

varaz-baqaris Ze, xosroiani

da dajda mefed varaz-baqaris Ze, ferozis Ziswulis wuli,

saxelad farsmani641, radgan igi mis Zmebze uxucesi iyo. da mokv-

da elia episkoposi da dasves svimoni.

es farsmani iyo morwmune kaci, mxedari da mamaci. SeeTqva ber-

Znebis mefes da iTxova misgan Semweoba da Seasrula misi Txovna

keisarma. maSin ganudga da aRar misca sparselebs xarki [farsmanma]

da gaamravla jvrebi da ganaaxla eklesiebi mTel qarTlSi da aa-

Sena bolnisis eklesia.

da mcire xans mefobda da mokvda.

ocdameaTe mefe mirdati,

farsman mefis Zma, xosroiani

da dajda mefed misi Zma mirdati642, Trdatis asuliswuli,

varaz-baqaris Ze, mamiT baqariani, dediT reviani, or i ve modg-

miT mirianis Zeebis Camoma vali. da iyo es mirdati mamaci kaci,

mxne mxedari, urwmuno da RvTis uSiSi, laRi da ampartavani da

108

Tavis mxedrobas mindobili. ar emsaxureboda RmerTs, arc ekle-

sia aaSena, arc ram Sehmata aSenebulT da Tavisi sila RiT mtrad

gauxda berZnebsa da spar selebs. berZnebisgan moiTxovda klar-

jeTs, qarTlis sazRvars, xolo spar se lebs ar aZlevda xarks.

maSin spar selebis mefem gamogzavna erisTavi, ro mels ac erqva

ubarabi643, Zlieri spiT mirdat ze. maSin mirdati, Tavisi silaRiT,

ar moerida sparselebis simravles, mcire ricxovani spiT miegeba

gardabanSi da Se ebrZola: gaaqcies da Seipyres spa rs e lebma igi,

movidnen qarTlSi, da ipyres qarTli da waryvnes eklesiebi.

xolo mefis ojaxi darCa kaxeTis xevSi da svimon episkoposic

maTTanve. xolo mirdati waiyvanes baRdadSi da iq mokvda.

109

juanSeri

[138] vaxtang gorgaslis cxovreba

mSoblebis da Semdeg TviTon didi da RmrTismoyvare mefis,

romelic qarTlis yvela mefeze ufro saxelganTqmuli iyo1

sparselebma brZolaSi Seipyres qarTvelTa mefe mirdati, baR-

dadSi waiyvanes da iq gardaicvala. qarTli sparselebma daipyres,

wabilwes eklesiebi. qarTvelebma jvrebi damales. cecxlTayvan-

ismcemelma sparselebma qarTlis yvela eklesiaSi cecxli aRag-

znes. qarTveli mefeebis eri(xalxi) darCa kaxeTis mxareSi.

sami wlis Semdeg sparsTa mefe moucleli aRmoCnda, radgan aR-

mosavleTidan mtrebi Semoesivnen. maSin qarTlis didebulebma

(aznaurebma) moilaparakes, moiyvanes da mcxeTaSi mefed dasves

Trdatis Ze, tyved wayvanili mefis, mirdatis Zmiswuli, saxelad

arCili.

110

[141] ocdameTerTmete mefe, arCili,

Ze mirdat mefisa, xosroiani

arCilma saberZneTidan moiyvana coli, ivbimianos mefis na-

Tesavi, saxelad mariami da sparselTa mimarT Tavisi mtroba

gamoacxada, gamoaCina jvrebi da morTo eklesiebi. gawyvita da

qarTlis sazRvrebidan gandevna yvela cecxlTayvanismcemeli,

saberZneTidan Zala daixmara da jvaris winamZRolobiT dai-

wyo brZola sparsTa winaaRmdeg. maSin sparsTa mefis erisTavma,

romelic arCilis gamefebamde erismTavrobda ranSi da mova-

kanSi da qarTlsac ganagebda, Sekriba ranis, movakanis da adar-

badaganis laSqari, gamoemarTa arCilisken. xolo arCili Rmer-

Tis mindobiTa da imediT miegeba qarTlisa da ranis sazRvarze,

daibanaka berdujis mdinaresTan da patiosani jvris ZaliT

gawyvita da daatyveva. Sevida ranSi, daipyro da Sin dabrunda

gamarjvebuli. mTel qarTlSi Sikrikebi daagzavna da yvelas au-

wya: `ara Cveni ZaliT, arc simxniT, arc sibrZniT, arc laSqris

simravliT vsZlieT mters, aramed RmrTis Zis, ufali Cveni ieso

qristes jvriT, romelmac winamZRvrad da iaraRad mogvca Tavisi

patiosani jvari. aw yvela qarTvelma adideT erTarseba sameba,

dausabamo RmerTi, yovelives dambadebeli. madloba SewireT.

ganamtkiceT Tqveni gulebi wmida samebis sarwmunoebaze.~ yvela

qarTvelma madloba Seswira RmerTs da ganaaxles eklesiebi.

arCil mefem mcxeTaSi, aragvis karze, sadac mis mierve aSen-

ebuli mtkice sabrZolo koSkebi idgnen, aaSena stefanwmidis

eklesia.

arCils hyavda Ze, saxeli daarqva mirdati. gaizarda mirdati,

Sevida mamakacobis asakSi. mirdati mamasaviT morwmune da Rmr-

Tismsaxuri iyo. [141] iyo qveli da gabeduli. man ufro gamete-

biT dauwyo brZola sparselebs, Seeseoda da tyve ahyavda ransa

da movakanSi. am dros sparsTa mefes ar ecala, radgan ebrZoda

indoelebs, sindelebsa da abaSelebs da ar SeeZlo didi laSqris

gamogzavna. qarTvelebi imarjvebdnen ranis, movakanisa da adar-

111

badaganis laSqarze. mirdati winamZRolad daudga mamis laSqars

da yovelTvis imorCilebda ransa da movakans.

im dros ranSi erisTavi iyo barzabod. verasodes ver um-

klavdeboda igi [qarTvelebs], amitom amagrebda cixeebsa da

qalaqebs. qarTvelebis Sesvlis dros ranSi, sadac sparselebi

narCeni (nawyuedTa)(!) laSqriT ebrZodnen dampyrobel qarTve-

lebs, sparselebi yovelTvis marcxdebodnen. barzabods, ranis

erisTavs, hyavda mSvenieri garegnobis asuli, saxelad sagduxti.

mirdats, arCilis Zes, moaxsenes misi simSvenieris Sesaxeb. misi

simSvenieris gagonebaze mirdats igi Seuyvarda. man Tavis mamas

moaxsena: `vevedrebi Sens mefobas, colad momgvare sagduxti,

barzabodis asuli; mSvidoba davamyaroT Cvens Soris. Tumca

qristes ZaliT Cven gamarjvebulebi varT, magram ranis cixeebsa

da qalaqebs ver aviRebT. vai, Tu sparsTa mefem moicalos, Suri

iZios Cvenze da moaoxros Cveni eklesiebi da miwa-wyali. da am-

ieridan amiT moispos Cvens Soris mtroba, radgan rasac Cvens

Sesaxeb movaxseneb sparsTa mefes, igi momismens. amiT mtkiced

da Seuryevelad davicvaT qarTlis miwa-wyali, ganmtkicdes

qarTlSi qristes rjuli da qarTvelTa gulSi ar iqnes qristes

rjulisadmi eWvi da gmoba sparselTa mZlavrebis (batonobis)

gamo.~ es yvelaferi mirdatma qalis siyvarulis gamo Tqva.

[142] arCil mefem aRasrula misi survili, barzabodTan mo-

ciquli gaagzavna da Tavisi ZisTvis colad sTxova asuli. barza-

bodi didi sixaruliT aRivso, radgan misi qveyana mooxrebuli

iyo da didi gasaWiri adga. man mSvidobis fici da aRTqma iTxova.

misces fici. man didi mziTviT gamogzavna Tavisi asuli. moiy-

vanes mcxeTaSi da qorwili gadaixades, mravali dRe iyo Sveba da

gancxroma. mefem Tavis Zes misca samSvilde misi saerisTavoTi.

mirdat da sagduxt iq daemkvidrnen.

sagduxt dedofalma qristes rjulis gacnoba isurva. misma

qmarma rjulis mecnierebi mohgvara. maT ganumartes Cveni uf-

lis ieso qristes saxareba. gaagebines, rom qriste aris WeSmari-

ti RmerTi, romelic gankacda Cveni xsnisaTvis. sagduxtma gaigo

112

da scno WeSmariti rjuli. uaryo cecxlmsaxureba, moinaTla,

morwmune gaxda. man samSvildis sioni aaSena.

arCilis zeobisas gardaicvala sami episkoposi: iona, grigo-

li da basili. basilis Semdeg arCilma dasva episkoposi, saxeliT

mobidan. igi warmoSobiT sparseli iyo da marTlmadideblad

aCvenebda Tavs, magram iyo urjulo mogvi da wesebis damrRvevi.

ver miuxvdnen arCil mefe da misi Ze mobidanis urjuloebas, mor-

wmune egonaT igi. mobidani mefisa da eris SiSiT ver amJRavnebda

Tavisi rjulis qadagebas, farulad werda yovelgvari sacTure-

bis wignebs, romlebic mis Semdeg yvela dawva WeSmaritma episko-

posma miqaelma, romelic vaxtang mefis mimarT kadnierebisTvis

gandevnil iqmna.

arCil mefem Tavisi cxovrebis dReebi wminda samebis sarw-

munoebaSi, eklesiaTa SenebaSi galia, mTel qarTlSi moamravla

mRvdlebi, diakvnebi, eklesiis msaxurni da gardaicvala.

[143] ocdameTormete mefe, mirdat,

arCil mefis Ze, xosroiani

mis nacvlad dajda mefed misi Ze mirdati da mamamisiviT

didi sarwmunoebiT aRsavse mefobda. daorsulda dedofali

sagduxt da Sva asuli, saxelad uwodes xvaranZe. mefe mirdati

da dedofali sagduxt RmerTs evedrebodnen, rom maTTvis Ze

mieca. oTxi wlis Semdeg daorsulda dedofali da Sva Ze. saxeli

uwodes sparsulad varan-xosro-Tangi, xolo qarTulad _ vax-

tangi. yrmis Sobis gamo mSoblebi sixaruliT aRivsnen da maxar-

oblebi daagzavnes yvela erisTavTan. gamoitanes didZali qone-

ba, oqro-vercxli da glaxakebs dauriges. mravali dRe locviTa

da RamisTeviT madloba Seswires RmerTs.

amis Semdeg mefem yvela warCinebuli qalaqSi moiwvia da

mravali dRis ganmavlobaSi puroba da gancxroma gamarTa. yve-

lani RmerTs eved rebodnen yrma vaxtangis janmrTelobas. spas-

113

petma saurmagma didi vedrebiT iTxova mefisagan, vaxtangi mis-

Tvis mieca aRsazrdelad. mefem neba darTo da Tavisi Ze vaxtan-

gi saurmag spaspets misca aRsazrdelad, radgan wesi iyo, rom

mefeTa Svilebi warCinebulTa saxlebSi aRzrdiliyvnen. amis

Semdeg meeqvse wels sagduxtma Sva meore asuli, saxelad uwodes

miranduxti. igi aRsazrdelad kaspis spasalarma iTxova, mefem

misca. spasalarma waiyvana igi qalaq kaspSi da iq izrdeboda. amis

Semdeg, meore wels gardaicvala mefe mirdati. darCa vaxtangi,

Svidi wlis yrma.

[144] ocdamecamete mefe, vaxtangi,

Ze mirdatisi, xosroiani.

sagduxt dedofalma, mamamisis, barzabodis gamo SeSfoTe-

bulma, `vai, Tu mamaCemma Suri iZios Cemi mamamTilisa da qmris

mier Cadenili saqmeebisTvis, esodeni siave rom daatexes mas

Tavs. vai, Tu Suri iZios Cemze rjulis SecvlisTvis, daRupos

Cemi Svili, gaapartaxos qarTli da wawymidos qristes rjuli~.

es yovelive warmoidgina da did mwuxarebaSi Cavarda. RmerTs

evedreboda da ganizraxa mamasTan wasvla da Sevedreba. moiwvia

erisTavebi spaspetTan erTad, simwris cremlebiT Seavedra Tav-

isi Ze spaspetsa da didebulebs.

gaemgzavra mamasTan bardavSi. Tavi daxara, muxlni moidrika,

amoiyara ZuZuebi, pirqve daeca, bageebiT mis fexebs Seexo, crem-

lebiT altobda mamis fexebs da iTxovda misgan Sewyalebas, ma-

mamTilisa da qmris mier Cadenil saqmeTa daviwyebas da Sendobas

rjulis mitovebisTvis. evedreboda, rom iZulebuli ar gaexada,

uar-eyo qristes rjuli, radgan igi WeSmariti RmerTia. eve-

dreboda, rom misi Svili daetovebina Tavis qveyanaSi da mzrunve-

lad dadgomoda mas sparsTa mefis winaSe.

maSin barzabodma, romelic mzad iyo ubedureba daetexa

qarTvelebis Tavze, Seiwyala Tavisi asuli, ar aiZula, daetove-

114

bina rjuli da yoveli misi Txovna aRasrula. xolo rjulis

Sesaxeb ase Tqva: `iZulebiT arc erT sxva qarTvels ar davatove-

bineb rjuls, mxolod gavgzavni Tqvens qalaqSi cecxlis-msax-

urebs, iyvnen iq Cveni rjulis episkoposebi. romeli qarTvelic

[145] Tavisi nebiT airCevs Cvens rjuls, nu dauSliT~. sagduxti

didi SiSis gamo daemorCila Tavis mamas, RmrTis mindobiT aRTq-

ma misca da wamovida qarTlSi.

barzabodma cecxlis-msaxurebi gamogzavna mcxeTaSi da maT

episkoposad _ binqarani. isini mogvTaSi moTavsdnen. sagduxt dedo-

fali Tavisi mamis ZaliTa da daxmarebiT eweoda mefobas. gardaicvala

sagduxtis mama, barzabodi. sparselTa mefem mis nacvlad daayena misi

Ze varaz-bakuri, sagduxt dedoflis Zma. gardaicvala vaxtangis mamam-

ZuZe saurmag spaspeti.

mefem sxva spaspeti daayena, romelsac juanSeri erqva. binqa-

rani, cecxlis-msaxurTa episkoposi, qarTvelebs Tavis rjuls

aswavlida. warCinebulTagani aravin emorCileboda, magram md-

abio xalxi mravlad Seudga cecxlmsaxurebas.

qarTlSi mdabio erSi cecxlis-msaxureba gavrcelda. amis

gamo Sewuxebuli iyo sagduxt dedofali, magram sparselTa ba-

tonobis (mZlavrobis) gamo verafers bedavda. maSin saberZneTi-

dan moiyvana WeSmariti mRvdeli, saxeliT miqaeli da episkopos-

ad daayena zemo eklesiaSi, radgan am droisTvis mobidan episko-

posi gardacvlili iyo. miqael episkoposi win aRudga macTur

binqarans, qarTvelebs WeSmarit rjuls aswavlida. man Seunar-

Cuna sarwmunoeba qarTlis warCinebulebs da eris umravleso-

bas, magram mdabio eris mcire nawili cecxlmsaxurebas Seudga.

roca vaxtangi aTi wlis gaxda, gadmovida osebis uricxvi

laSqari. daipyres qarTli mtkvris saTavidan vidre xunanamde,

moaoxres bari, Tumca cixe-qalaqebi, garda kaspisa, gadaurCnen.

qalaqi kaspi Semusres, daatyveves da waiyvanes vaxtangis da, sami

wlis miranduxti. [146] daupyrobelad gadaurCaT qarTlis mxa-

reebi, kaxeTi, klarjeTi da egrisi, Caiares ransa da movakanSi,

igic daipyres da gaiares darubandis karebi, radgan darubande-

115

lebma TviTon misces gza da gamarjvebulebi Sevidnen oseTSi.

im dros afxazeTidan gamovidnen berZnebi, radgan berZnebs

hqondaT mTeli egris-wyals qvemoTa mxare da daipyres egris-

wylidan vidre cixe-gojamde. maSin qarTvelebSi glova-wuxili

Seiqna, am bob dnen: `RmrTis mimarT codva gagvimravlda, keTi-

lad ar vatareT qristes rjuli da iovanes mcnebis wesi. Rmer-

Tma samarTlianad moawia Cvenze aseTi risxva, radgan ucxo-

tomelebs daapyrobina Cveni Tavi, berZnebs Caugdo xelSi Cveni

miwa-wyali, rogorc mefe varaz-baqars waarTva klarjeTi.

varaz-baqaris codvis gamo moxda is, radgan wesierad ar mis-

devda qristes rjuls. xolo es Cveni mefeebis codvebis gamo

ki ar moxda, aramed eris codvaTa gamo. Cveni mefe amJamad yrmaa

da ar gvyavs winamZoli, romelic qristes sasoebiT da jvris

winamZRolobiT wagviZRveba. pirvelad osebze viZioT Suri da

Semdeg movikiTxoT berZnebisgan qarTlis sazRvrebi~. amas am-

bobdnen qarTvelebi da did mwuxarebaSi iyvnen.

vaxtangi izrdeboda da miqael episkoposisagan uflis mc-

nebebs swavlobda. qarTlis yvela mefeze metad.siyrmeSive Seiy-

vara qristes rjuli, Sewuxebuli iyo imiT, rom qarTlSi cecx-

lmsaxureba gavrcelebuliyo dapyrobisa da miwa-wylis warT-

mevis gamo. gonebaSi ufro metad wuxda rjulis Sesaxeb, magram

sparselTa mZlavrobis gamo ver bedavda gamJRavnebas.

[147] roca vaxtangi TxuTmeti wlis Seiqna, mouwoda qarTlis

yvela didebuls da yvelani qalaqSi Sekriba. mefem erTi sasax-

le moamzada, dajda maRal taxtze. juanSer spaspeti da orive

episkoposi taxtzeve dasxdnen, sxva erisTavebi savarZlebSi moT-

avsdnen, aTasisTavebi, asisTavebi da danarCeni eri fexze idgnen.

mefem, rogorc moxucebuls, brZensa da filosofosebs So-

ris aRzrdils Sehferis, xmamaRla daiwyo saubari: `gansacdeli

da ubedureba mefeebze da erze maTi codvebis gamo moiweva Rmr-

Tisgan. rodesac morwmuneebi ara saTanadod ewevian RmrTis msax-

urebas da arRveven mcnebebs, RmerTi iseT ubedurebas moavlens,

rogoric axla moiwia Cvenze. rodesac keTili mama sikeTisTvis ke-

116

Tilad wvrTnis Svils da igi mamis swavlebas ar misdevs, is mama ce-

miTa da swavliT aiZulebs Svils, raTa sikeTe iswavlos da sikeTis

matarebeli (sa£mar) iyos. amgvarad gagvwvrTna Cven RmerTma, cisa

da qveynis dambadebelma. amitom Cven gvmarTebs, madloba SevwiroT

mas mowyalebisTvis”. yvelam madli Seswira RmerTs.

mefe vaxtangma isev ganagrZo laparaki da yvela warCinebuls

mimarTa: `ismineT Cemi sityvebi! Tumca yrma var da Cemgan sikeTe

ar ginaxavT, magram Cemi mamebisgan gaqvT nanaxi didi sikeTeni

da didebani Tqven, romelTac mTavroba gikaviaT. aw Tu RmerTi

gvacocxlebs, sikeTe da dideba gewevaT, romelnic Cemi mamebi-

sgan ar ginaxavT. axla rasac geubnebiT, Tumca Cemze da Tqvenze

Tanabrad aris mowevnuli es gansacdeli, [148] magram ise miiReT,

TiTqos Tqvenze ar mowevnuliyos igi, aramed mxolod Cemze. da

Cem gulSi ar iqneba sityva, rom rac maTze gansacdeli moiwia,

Tavisi SurisZiebis gamo Svrebian amas, aramed yvelafers CemT-

vis samsaxurad CavTvli, yvelafrisTvis sikeTiT mogizRav. ar

moviTmen osebisgan lanZRvas, aramed RmerTis, dausabamo er-

Tarseba samebis sasoebiTa da mindobiT, patiosani jvris winamZ-

RolobiT, romelic misdami guliT mlocvelebs winamZRvrad da

iaraRad aqvT mocemuli, Suri viZioT osebze. es rom sparseli

mefeebisgan, an berZnebis mefisagan mogvsvloda, moviTmendiT.

magram rac Cvenze moiwia osebis mier lanZRvis gamo, amis moT-

mena ar SeiZleba, CvenTvis sikvdili sjobia~.

maSin adga juanSer spaspeti da Tqva: cxondi, mefeo, uku-

nisamde didebiT da Sens mtrebze gamarjvebiT. WeSmarits brZaneb:

Cveni codvebis gamo moiwia es gansacdeli Cvenze, samarTlianad

dagvsaja RmerTma, radgan vamravleT Cveni codvebi mis winaSe.

RmrTis mimarT madloba gvmarTebs, radgan didi sasjelis Rirsi

viyaviT da ara iseTis, rac Cvenze moiwia. mravalmowyalem Cveni

Secodebebis odeni sasjeli ar mogvago da am mcire sasjeliT

dagvsaja. da Cven, qarTlis mkvidrT, amis gamo didi madloba gv-

marTebs RmrTisa. radgan Sen, qarTlis yvela mefeze umjobesi da

Sens mamebze aRmatebuli, yvelafriT Semkobili, nebroT gmiris

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msgavsi, Cvens winamZRvrad gamogacxada. RmrTis mier movlineb-

uli xar Cveni [149] Zveli Tu axali gaWirvebebis(ubedurebebis)

gamqarvebelad. Tu Cveni codvebi ar gadawonian, Sengan moveliT

Cveni yvela gasaWiris daZlevas, yvela drosTan SedarebiT

Cveni miwa-wylis gafarToebas, radgan Cvens mamaTagan aravin

yofila Sennairi. cxondi, mefeo, ukunisamde. rac osebis mier

am xuT weliwadSi mowevnula, did mwuxarebaSi viyaviT, radgan

yrma(bavSvi) iyavi da ar SegeZlo mxedroba da brZolaTa winamZ-

Roloba da arc samefo saqmianoba. axla, mefeo, Tumca sibrZniT

da ZaliT, simxniT da asakiT srulyofili xar, magram sabrZolo

gamocdileba gaklia. vxedav Sens sibrZnes: Tumca yrma xar, ma-

gram mefoba SegiZlia, xolo laSqrobis da brZolaTa warmarTvis

dro jer ar dagdgomia. Cveni ganzraxva aseTia: Seni sibrZniT da

dedaSenis rCeviT gamoarCie erTi vinme CvenTagani Cveni laSqris

winamZRolad, yvela mas Caabare da davemorCilebiT, rogorc

mamaSens, da samebis, erTarseba RmerTis, ZaliT gavemarToT da

viZioT Suri. Sen ki Sin darCi da ganage mefoba. Cveni codvebis

gamo Tu osebTan davmarcxdebiT, Seni mefoba uvneblad darCeba.

xolo ukeTu Sen damarcxdebi Cveni codvebis gamo, Cveni qveyana

sruliad ganadgurdeba, radgan qveyanaze Seni nacvali aravin

aris.~ es Tqva juanSer spaspetma da warCinebulebi da erisTave-

bi daeTanxmnen mis sityvebs.

maSin mefem brZana: `juanSer, rogorc Sens sibrZnes da erT-

gulebas Seefereba, ise Tqvi yovelive, magram me ar veTanxmebi

Sens [150] sityvebs, radgan rac gansacdeli dagvidga, Cemi cx-

ovrebis TiToeuli dRe mwuxarebaSi gamitarebia, rogorc sib-

neleSi myofs. Cemi dis sibraluli, rogorc maxvili cecxls, ise

miseravs guls.

CemTvis sikvdili sjobia sicocxles. magram RmrTis imediT da

patiosani jvris winamZRolobiT TviTon waval da vevedrebi mis

mravalmowyalebas, ar gamwiros da gamarjveba momapovebinos.~

maSin radgan ver dauSlidnen, warCinebulebi daeTanxmnen

da Tqves: `cxondi, mefeo, ukunisamde! aRsruldes Seni ganzrax-

118

va, dambadebelma RmerTma angelozi moavlinos Sens Semwed da

dasces yoveli Seni mteri da ganamtkicos Seni mefoba!~

oseTze laSqrobis gadawyvetileba

gadawyvites oseTze laSqroba. yvelani mosamzadeblad sax-

lebSi wavidnen. vaxtang mefem Tavis biZasTan, ranis erisTav,

varaz-bakurTan mociquli gaagzavna, oseTze laSqrobis ambavi

Seatyobina da daxmareba iTxova. igi sixaruliT daTanxmda, rad-

gan misi qveyanac dapyrobili iyo osebis mier. vaxtangma qarTlis

mTeli mxedroba ixmo. yvelani Seikribnen da daibanakes muxnarsa

da xerkSi, aragvis iqiTa da aqeTa mxares. asi aTasi cxenosani da

samoci aTasi qveiTi iyo. varaz-bakurma Tavisi Tormeti aTasi

mxedari gamogzavna. vaxtang mefe qalaq mcxeTidan gavida, Seav-

so [151] da ganalaga Tavisi laSqari. moewona maTi simravle, kar-

gi cxenebi da mokazmuloba, yvelani mxiarulni da aRtyinebulni

ixila, radgan osebis mimarT SurisZiebiT iyvnen savse. igi six-

aruliT aRivso da RmerTs madlobda. Semovida qalaqSi da erTi

kvira locvasa, marxvasa da RamisTevaSi gaatara. didZali qoneba

dauriga glaxakebs. Tavisi samefos ganmgeblad deda sagduxti

da da xvaranZe datova da aseTi anderZi dawera: `Tu cocxali ar

davbrundebi, Cemi da, xvaranZe, colad SeirTos mirianma, vaxtan-

gis mamis Zmiswulma, naTesavisagan revisa, mirianis Zisa, romel-

ic siZe iyo Trdat somexTa mefisa. man SeirTos Cemi da da xelSi

aiRos mefoba.~ es dawerili Tavis dedas misca da sxvas aravis ar

gaagebina. miriani, Tavisi mamis Zmiswuli, mcxeTaSi datova.

vaxtangi gaemgzavra da TianeTSi dadga. iq SeuerTdnen

kavkasieli mefeebi ormocdaaTiaTasi mxedriT. RmrTis saxeliT

gaemarTa, darialanis kari ganvlo. oseTSi rom Sevida, vaxtangi

Taeqvsmeti wlis iyo.

maSin oseTis mefeebma Sekribes TavianTi laSqari, xazareTi-

dan moimates Zala da moegebnen mdinaresTan, romelic darialans

119

gaivlis da oseTis dablobze Cadis. im mdinaresac aragvi hqvia,

radgan orives saTave erTi mTidan gamodis: qarTlis aragvisa da

oseTis aragvisa.

a orTave laSqarma amier da imier. daibanaka mdinaris piras

orive mxriv kldis qarafebi iyo, tyeebi da velebi mdinaris sana-

piroebze. erTmaneTs moeridnen, qarafebis misadgomebi daikaves

da idgnen ase Svidi dRe. am Svidi dRis ganmavlobaSi mdinareze

bumberazebis brZola iyo. osebs rom xazarTa maSveli laSqari

hyavdaT, iq eria erTi kaci goliaTi, [152] saxeliT Tarxani. gam-

ovida Tarxan xazari da xmamaRla daiZaxa:~ ̀ Tqven geubnebiT, vax-

tangis mebrZolebo, vinc Tqvens Soris uZlieresia, gamovides

CemTan sabrZolvelad~.

vaxtang mefes rom sparselTa maSveli laSqari hyavda, iq eria

erTi kaci, romelsac farsman-farux erqva saxelad. mas vervin

ver gamklaveboda brZolaSi, mravali lomi hyavda xeliT Sepy-

robili. igi TarxanTan sabrZolvelad gavida. orTavem sabr-

Zolo yiJina dascxo da daetaknen erTmaneTs. pirvelsave Serki-

nebaze dahkra xmali farsman-faruxs Cabalaxze da beWebamde

gaupo Tavi. Sewuxdnen vaxtang da misi mebrZolebi, radgan aravin

darCa maT Soris farsman-faruxis msgavsi. yvelani SeZrwundnen

da mwuxarebiT aRivsnen.

is dRe daRamda. vaxtangi Tavis karavSi Sevida, locva dai-

wyo, cremlebiT evedreboda RmerTs, gaTenebamde ar damjdara,

loculobda, RmrTisagan Sewevnas iTxovda. RmrTis mindobiT

gadawyvetili hqonda TviT SebrZoleboda Tarxans, radgan uSi-

Sari iyo, rogorc uxorco. da RmrTisa da Tavisi Zalis imedi

hqonda.

rogorc ki gaTenda, isev Camovida Tarxan mdinaris napirTan,

kvlav Seuracx-hyofda da .aqezebda. vaxtangis laSqarSi aravin

Canda masTan SembrZolebeli.

maSin vaxtangma Tavis spas mimarTa: ̀ me Cems Zalasa da simxneze

ki ar var mindobili, aramed dausabamo, yovlis dambadebeli

sameba erTarseba RmrTis mindobiT martod gaval TarxanTan sa-

120

brZolvelad. gaukvirdaT warCinebulebs, aCerebdnen vaxtangs

da aTasgvarad fiqrobdnen, rom daeSlevinebinaT brZola, rad-

gan vaxtangi yrma iyo da amis gamocdileba ar hqonda.

[153] vaxtangi ar daeTanxma, mtkiced gadawyvita brZola. cxeni-

dan Camoxta, miwaze daeca, RmerTs Tayvani sca da Tqva: `he, ufalo,

yovlis dambadebelo da keTilTa Semmatebelo, Seni moimedeebis

aRmamaRlebelo! Sen iyavi Cemi Semwe, Seni angelozi moavline Cem

Zalad, daamxe is urjulo da Searcxvine Seni magineblebi, radgan

Cems Zalaze ki ara var mindobili, aramed Sens mowyalebaze~. vax-

tangi mobrunda, taiWze amxedrda da Tavis laSqars mimarTa: ̀ Rmer-

Ts evedreT da nu SeZrwundebiT!~. vaxtangi wavida da laSqari mis

zurgs ukan dadga. SeZrwunebuli da mwuxarebiT savse molaSqreebi

Tav-TavianT rjulze evedrebodnen RmerTs.

a. vaxtangis da Tarxanis omi, da vaxtangis mier Tarxanis

mokvla.

vaxtangma qarafi Caiara da mdinaris piras miadga, xelSi Subi

eWira. Tarxanma moxeda da uTxra : « me goliaTebs da gamocdil

gmirebs vebrZvi da ara patara bavSvebs, magram Senzec davimdab-

leb Tavs~. SesZaxes da daeZgernen erTmaneTs. pirvelsave Setake-

baze vaxtangma Subi aZgera welSi. abjris simagrem ver daifara,

zurgSi gauara da mokla.

nugeSmicemulma da sixaruliT aRsavse qarTvelebma maRali

yiJina dasces da RmerTs madloba Seswires. vaxtangi imave adgi-

las cxenidan Camoxta, miwaze daeca, Tayvani sca RmerTs da Tqva :

«kurTxeul xar Sen, ufalo, romelmac moavline Seni angelozi

da daamxe Cemi mteri. Sen xar Sendami msasoebelTa aRmamaRle-

beli; Sen xar, romelmac [154] miwisagan aRadgine glaxaki da sko-

risagan aamaRle davrdomili~. Tarxans Tavi mohkveTa, cxenze

Sejda da Tavis laSqarTan wavida. mTelma laSqrobam xmamaRla

qeba Seasxa vartangs da RmerTs madlobdnen.

121

g. vaxtangis da bayaTar osis omi da vaxtangis mier

bayaTaris mokvla

meore dRes osebis mxridan sxva bumberazi gamovida, romel-

sac bayaTari erqva. igi goliaTi iyo da rac laSqrobisTvis moi-

wifa, vervin ver SeZlo brZolaSi misi gamklaveba. masTan mebr-

Zoli yvela gawyvita. misi mSvildis sigrZe Tormeti mtkaveli

iyo, isrisa _eqvsi mtkaveli. moadga bayaTar mdinaris napirs da

xmamaRla SesZaxa : vaxtang mefeo, nu gayoyoCdebi Tarxanis mokv-

lis gamo, igi goliaTebs ar ekuTvnoda da amitomac moklul iqna

patara bavSvis mier. axla Tu Sen CemTan sabrZolvelad gamoxval,

Cemgan ficxeli brZola Segxvdeba, romelsac ver gadaurCebi. Tu

ara, Seni mebrZolTagani Tu vinme gamova, misTvisac mzad var~.

maSin vaxtangma bayaTars miugo: «Cemi ZaliT ki ar vZlie

Tarxans, aramed dambadeblis ZaliT. ar meSinia Seni, rogorc

erTi ZaRlisa, radgan qristes Zala aris CemTan da misi patio-

sani jvari saWurvelia Cemi~. vaxtangma daawyo da mzad yofnaSi

moiyvana laSqari. Sejda javSniT SeWurvil taiWze, aiRo vigris

tyavis fari, romelsac maxvili ver hkveTda, ferdobi Caiara da

mdinaris axlos dadga. bayaTars SesZaxa: «me mdinares ar gad-

moval, radgan mefe var. me ar veaxlebi oseTis mebrZols, rad-

gan Cemi daRupviT mTeli Cemi laSqari daiRupeba. Sen ki mona xar

da Seni daRupviT [155], rogorc erTi ZaRlis daRupviT, oseTis

laSqars ara evneba ra. gamodi mdinareze Cem mxares~. bayaTar

osma Seasrula misi sityvebi da Tqva: «me, Seni mkvleli, mdinares

gamoval, magram mdinarisgan sami utevani ukan daixie~.

ukudga vaxtangi. bayaTarma gadmoiara mdinare da isrebi

dauSina. vaxtangi Tvalis simaxviliT, gonebis gamWriaxobiT da

Tavisi taiWis simkvircxliT iridebda isrebs, Soridanve xe-

davda momaval isars, usxlteboda da marjved uaxlovdeboda.

amier da imier molaSqreebi buksa da dafdafebs scemdnen. orive

laSqari, qarTvelebi da osebi, maRali xmiT zrialebdnen ise,

rom mTebi da borcvebi iZrodnen. bayaTarma ori isris meti ver

122

moartya vaxtangis fars, mTlianad ver gakveTa igi. kvlav hkra

isari vaxtangis cxens da Sig moartya. vidre vaxtangis cxeni dae-

cemoda, [vaxtangi] zed miuxta, hkra xmali bayaTars mxarze da

gulamde gakveTa.

maSin daeca vaxtangis cxeni, man swrafad Seipyro bayaTaris

cxeni. daemxo miwaze, RmerTs Tayvani sca da winaze ufro metad

Seswira madloba. amxedrda bayaTaris cxenze, movida Tavisi

laSqris siaxloves da xmamaRla SesZaxa: «mxned iyaviT da gaZli-

erdiT, radgan RmerTi Cvenken aris!~.

gamzadebuli laSqari daiZra: win cxen-abjrianebi da jaWv

Cabalaxosnebi, maT ukan _ qveiTni, xolo qveiTebis ukan _

[156] mxedarTa simravle da amgvarad miadgnen osebs. osebi gad-

modgnen qarafze da kokispirul wvimasaviT daayares isrebi.

vaxtang mefe rCeuli mxedriT Tavisi laSqris zurgSi iyo mo-

qceuli, mebrZolebs amxnevebda, Zalas matebda da anugeSebda.

win mimavalma cxen -abjrianebma qarafis gza aiares, vakeze gavid-

nen, ukan daudgnen qveiTni da momdevnod _ mxedarTa simravle.

Seiqna maT Soris Zlieri brZola. vaxtangi Tu marjvena mxareze

ibrZoda, Zrwodnen marcxena mxares. xolo Tu marcxena mxareze

ibrZoda, Zrwodnen marjvena mxares. laSqris am simravleSi yvel-

gan lomis xmasaviT ismoda vaxtangis xma. mas Tan dahyveboda ori

mxedari: ZuZumte artavazi, saurmag spaspetis Ze da bivritiani

sefewuli. isinic mamacurad ibrZodnen.

osebi damarcxdnen, maTi banaki gaiqca, daixocnen da tyved

Cacvivdnen. umravlesi gaqceuli osebisa tyved Seipyres, raTa

daexsnaT osebis mier adre datyvevebuli qarTvelebi. roca dev-

na Sewyvites, ukan mobrundnen da Tavis banakSi daibanakes. sami

dRe daisvenes da RmerTs madloba Seswires. mere gaifantnen os-

eTis dasapyrobad, Semusres maTi qalaqebi, xelT igdes uricxvi

tyve da alafi.

123

CanarTi

daimorCila osebi da yivCaRebi da Seqmna oseTis karebi,

romelsac Cven darianiss veZaxiT. masze maRali godlebi aaSena

da mcvelad maxlobeli mTiulebi daayena. osebisa da yivCaRebis

did jgufebs (naTesavTa) gadmosvla ar SeeZloT qarTveli me-

feebis brZanebis gareSe.

wavidnen paWanikeTSi, radgan paWanikeTi oseTis mosazRvre

iyo, gadalaxes oseTis mdinare. iqve iyo jiqeTi. mravali wlis

Semdeg[ 157] paWanikebi da jiqebi Turqebma gandevnes. paWanikebi

dasavleTisken wavidnen, xolo jiqebi afxazeTis bolos dasax-

ldnen. vaxtangma paWanikeTi da jiqeTi daipyro, mobrunda da

isev oseTs moadga. osTa mefeebi kavkasiis simagreebSi iyvnen gax-

iznuli. maTgan mociqulebi movidnen da dazavdnen. osebma misi

dis nacvlad vaxtangisgan ocdaaTi aTasi tyve osi iTxoves, yvela

saukeTeso, romlebic saxelebiT CamoTvales. vaxtangma dis san-

acvlod misca ocdaaTi aTasi tyve da [da] TavisTan moiyvana.

xolo tyve qarTvelebi, romlebic eqvsi weli hyavdaT osebs,

yvelani TiTos TiToSi gacvliT gamoixsna; osebisgan mZevali ai-

yvana, mZevalSi sxva ocdaaTi aTasi tyve misca. qarTveli tyveebi,

romlebic gamoixsna, ricxviT samas ormocdaaTi aTasi iyo. da

rac gaSvebulebis garda darCa kidev tyve osi, TvliT iyo eqvsas

ormocdaaTi aTasi, garda paWanikelebisa da jiqebisa. yovelive

es oTx TveSi moxda.

Semdeg mefem didi saCuqrebiT gauSva sparselTa daqiravebu-

li jari da kavkasieli mefeebi, darialis gzaze gamouSva Tavisi

da miranduxti da yvela tyve. TviTon qarTlis didi laSqriT

afxazeTis gzaze wamovida, vaJkacurad da mxned ekveTa afx-

azeTis cixeebs, radgan berZenTa mefes, leon dids, ar ecala

sparselebTan omis gamo da ar SeeZlo laSqris afxazeTSi gamog-

zavna. sam weliwadSi daipyro afxazeTis yvela cixe, vidre cixe-

gojamde. dabrunda saxlSi, samefo qalaq mcxeTaSi. Seegebnen

misi deda da dani, qalaqis mravali mamakaci da qali [158] , fex-

124

qveS ufendnen TavianT samajurebsa da samosels, Tavze ayrid-

nen dramasa da drahkans da xmamaRla asxamdnen xotbas, radgan

arcerT mefes ar gadaexada amgvari Zlieri brZola.

vaxtang mefem mravali locviTa da RamisTeviT, glaxakebze

wyalobis gacemiT madloba Seswira RmerTs. xalxs saCuqre-

bi uboZa, daawinaura osTa brZolaSi erTgulad mebrZoli da

gamocdili mxedrebi. naalafevidan ZRveni misca Tavis biZas,

varaz-bakurs: aTasi mona, aTasi cxeni, aTasi saxedari. sparsel-

Ta mefes aTi aTasi mona, aTi aTasi cxeni da aTi aTasi saxedari

gaugzavna. yovelive es sparsTa mefes miuZRvna binqaran episko-

posis xeliT da sparsTa mefes asuli Txova colad. sparselTa

mefem misca colad Tavisi asuli, romelsac saxeli erqva ba-

lenduxti. mziTvad somxiTi da kavkasiis yvela samefo misca,

Tan werili miswera, romelSic ewera: « yovelTa mefeTa-mefis,

urmisdisgan vaxtangs, aT mefeTa-mefeze axovan varan-xosro-

Tangs ~. moswera keisris omis Sesaxeb, rom keisari sparselebTan

saomrad iyo gasuli.

maSin vaxtangma mTel Tavis laSqars, kavkasiis yvela mefes

acnoba, Seikribnen da orasi aTasi mxedari mtkvris iqiTa da

aqeTa mxares dadga. sparsTa mefis brZanebiT maT SeuerTda [159]

varaz-bakuri, biZamisi, ranis erisTavi, adarbadaganis, ranisa da

movakanis laSqriT, daaxloebiT orasi aTasi mxedari.

vaxtangi im dros ocdaori wlis iyo. igi Tanamoasakeebze yve-

laze maRali iyo, saxiT mSvenieri, ZaliT Zlieri ise, rom Seiara-

Rebuli qveiTad irems eweoda, rqebiT iWerda, SeWurvil cxens

mxarze moikidebda da mcxeTidan armazis cixeSi adioda. igi ma-

mis mxolodSobili Ze iyo. misi da xvaranZec Zlieri da mSvenieri

iyo. morwmune mirian mefis gvaridan darCenili iyvnen vaxtang

da misi debi, isini baqar mirianis Zis STamomavlebi iyvnen.

miriani da grigoli revis, mirianisave Zis, STamomavlebi

iyvnen. maT kuxeTi hqondaT da cixe-qalaq rusTavSi cxovrobd-

nen, radgan erTmaneTis xocviT Zalian SeTxelebuli iyvnen.

mirian mefidan vidre vaxtang mefemde gardacvlili iyo rva

125

naTesavi(Taoba), aTi mefe, asormocdaCvidmeti weli iyo gasuli.

gardacvlili iyo rva WeSmariti rjulis damcveli episkoposi,

xolo danarCenebi _ rjulis damrRvevni iyvnen.

vaxtang gorgaslis mier saberZneTSi wasvla saomrad

vaxtangi saberZneTSi Sesasvlad gaemarTa, mividnen somxiTSi da

peroJa-kafaSi, sadac adremoxsenebul perozs cixe hqonda aSeneb-

uli, mas SeuerTdnen somxiTis erisTavebi: arev sivnieli, juanSer

aspuragneli, amazasp tarovneli, grigolis mier aSenebuli qalaq-

idan, Trdat, didi Trdatis modgmisagan. moadgnen cixe-qalaqs,

romelsac karaspola erqva, xolo amJamad hqvia karnu-qalaqi. [160]

gaimarTa brZola, magram ver SesZles misi aReba, radgan sami maRa-

li zRudiT iyo garSemortymuli. qalaqis asaRebad datoves ori

erisTavi Tormeti aTasi mxedriT.

vaxtangi wavida pontoSi da gzaze sami qalaqi moaoxra: an-

ZoreTi, ekleci da steri. laSqari zRvis napiras pontos did

qalaqs miadga. sami Tve ibrZodnen da laSqarma konstantines

qalaqs miaRwia. sparselebi eklesiis msaxurebs rom waawydebod-

nen, xocavdnen. vaxtang mefem somxiTisa da sparselebis molaS-

qreebs mouwoda, rom aravin moweseTagani ar moeklaT, aramed

tyved aeyvanaT. man maT mimarTa:

`roca papaCemi miriani Tavis Zmiswuls, sparselTa mefes, ber-

ZnebTan sabrZolvelad Semohyva, [isini] aseve eqceodnen moweseeb-

sa da eklesiis msaxurebs, amitom maTi uricxvi laSqari saSineli

marcxiT iqna Zleuli mcire laSqris mier. im droidan wagvarTves

zRvis aRmosavleTiT es teritoria berZnebma Cven, qarTvelebs.

pirveli mefeebis brZola anZianZorSi iyo, sadac amJamad didi

moZRvris, grigolis saflavia. iqidan gamodevnes Cveni mefeebi.

xolo Cven aTi dRis savali gamoviareT, CrdiloeTiT moveqeciT.

Cvenc berZnebis rjulze varT qristes aRmsarebelni, romelic

yvelas WeSmariti RmerTia.

126

`an ar gsmeniaT saswaulebis Sesaxeb, romlebic jvris wa-

ZRoliT Caidines mefe konstantines dros, an im saswaulebis

Sesaxeb, romlebic berZenTa qveyanaSi moxda kerpTmsaxuri me-

fis ivlianes dros? rogor mokla igi zecis isarma? Seikribnen

berZeni mxedrebi da mefed ivbimianosi gamoacxades. xolo man

ar itvirTa [mefoba], sanam ar Semusres kerpebi da ar aRmarTes

jvrebi. mxolod amis Semdeg daadges [161] mefis gvirgvini. uf-

lis angelozma aiRo gvirgvini da daadga Tavze ivbimianoss,

WeSmarit mefes. zecidan moisma xma, romelmac sparselTa mefes

xosroTangs auwya: `moerideT brZolas ivbimianosTan, radgan

jvris ZaliT uZlevelia igi~. amis Semdeg mefe da xosro moyvare

Seiqmnen, vidre orive ar gardaicvala.

`an Tqven, somxiTis mkvidrebs arSakunianebs, bivritian piti-

axSebs, ar gaxsovT grigol parTevelisa da misi mowinaaRmdege-

bis, Trdat arSakuniani mefis saqmeebi _ rogor dasca ampar-

tavnobis gamo da taxad iqca igi? magram grigolma moaqcia da

im droidan igi eklesiaTa mSeneli gaxda. Trdatma, radganac igi

gmiri(Ronieri) iyo, Tavisi zurgiT aaSena didi eklesia. xolo

Tqven, qarTlis mkvidrno, qarTveli mefeebis modgmav, romel-

nic dRes saganmgeblod xarT dayenebuli Cvengan, mefeebisgan,

romlebic nebroT gmiris STamomavlebi varT, romelic yvela

mefeze uwinares gamoCnda qveyanaze, romelic loms TikaniviT

abamda, kanjarsa da qurciks qveiTad iWerda. misi Zliereba ise

gaizarda, rom noes yvela modgma mas daemorCila. SesZlo aego

qalaqi, romlis qvebisTvis qva oqrod Seqmna, sarTulebad _ver-

cxli, garemo SemozRuda aguriTa da kiriT, karebisa da sark-

melebis Tavebi iakinTisa da zurmuxtisagan gaakeTa ise, rom

maTi sinaTlisgan RamiT ar bneldeboda. SigniT iseTi taZrebi

da koSkebi aago, rom TqvenTvis warmosadgenad SeuZlebelia. Ti-

ToeulisTvis warmoudgenelia misi sibrZne, romelic mas mieca,

sanam sami dRis savalze aRmarTavda zRudeze asasvlel kibeebs.

(!). surda, rom caze asuliyo[ 162] da cis arsebani exila. rogorc

ki gaiara haeris sazRvari da varskvlavebis sazRvrebSi Sevida,

127

mSeneblebs gauWirdaT saqmianoba, radgan oqrom da vercxlma

dnoba daiwyo imis gamo, rom iqidan modis cecxlovani eTeris

xelmwifeba( Zlevamosileba, mgznebareba), romelic samyaros

moZraobis gamo Zlierad gizgizebs. iqidan Semoesma zecis Svidi

gundis sityvebi, romlis gamo airivnen adamianebi. da yoveli

adamiani Tavisi modgmiT Tavis enaze metyveli gaxda. ar emor-

Cilebodnen erTmaneTs Tavisi moyvareebis winaSe( urTierTs ar

erCodnen TavianTi moyvasis winaSe) (!) da wavidnen (gaifantnen)..

nebroTs sparsul enaze uTxra: `me var miqael angelozi,

romelic RmrTis mier dayenebuli var aRmosavleTis gamge-

blad. wadi mag qalaqidan, radgan RmerTi faravs mag qalaqs

samoTxis gamoCenamde, romelic Seni aSenebulis maxloblad

dgas, romelTa Soris aris es mTa, romlisagan amodis mze da

gamodis ori mdinare: nilosi da geoni. geons samoTxidan gamo-

aqvs surnelovani xe da balaxi, romelic Seezaveba muSks. axla

wadi, dajeqi ori mdinaris, evfratisa da jilas, Sua da gauSvi es

xalxebi, vin sadac inebos, rameTu uflis mier arian warvlenili.

xolo Seni mefoba yvela mefeze mefobdes (vrceldebodes), . uka-

nasknel Jams mdabio erTan movides cis meufe, romlis xilvac Sen

gsurs,. misma SiSma gafantos amqveyniuri siamovnebani, mefeebma

xeli aiRon mefobaze da eZion siglaxake. maSin RmerTma gixilos

Sen gaWirvebaSi da gixsnas.~

yvelam miatova qalaqi da wavidnen. indurad molaparakeni

dastova indoeTSi, sindni _ sindeTSi, romaelebi _ romSi, ber-

Znebi _ saberZneTSi, [163] agi da magugi _ magugeTSi, sparselebi

_ sparseTSi. xolo pirveli ena asuruli iyo. es aris Svidi ena,

romelzedac laparakobdnen nebroTamde. imitom mogiyevi, rom

Cvens mamebs es wigni farulad hqondaT. me saRmrTo miswrafe-

bam maTqmevina es, amis gamo Cvenma mamam, mirianma, ninos meoxebiT

Seiwynara qristes saxareba.

Cveni mamebi qristes mosvlamde ar iRebdnen xarks da mas Sem-

deg davuZlurdiT, rac berZnebi miRmarT (iqiT)(?) ibrZvian? man

nebroTi jojoxeTSi ixila da gamoixsna: igi yvela mefeze pirve-

128

lia. danielic emowmeba, rom miqaeli sparselebis Zalad aris

dayenebuli. Tqven, yovelma qarTvelma, ixileT es saswauli,

romelic moimoqmeda ninom. an ggoniaT, rom RmerTma berZnebi

gaswira? sparselTa qveynis umetesi maT ar Semusres? dRes me-

eqvse Tvea, rac Cveni laSqrobis ambavi gaiges. keisari mobrunda,

radgan gaagebines Cveni Semosvla da axla moaxloebulia CvenTan

sabrZolvelad. amieridan yvela juris modgma ufal RmerTs em-

saxureT da eklesias zians nu ayenebT.~

rogorc ki warmoTqva es yvelaferi, macne gaagzavna, rom yve-

lani gamosuliyvnen TavianTi samalavebidan, tyvebi gaenTavisu-

flebinaT da sadac undodaT, iq wasuliyvnen. mRvdlebis, dia-

konebis, mowese monazvnebis da monazoni qalebis didi simrav-

le gamovida gamoqvabulebidan, mTebidan, umravlesoba ponto

qalaqidan, radgan qalaqi oTxi Tve iyo Seviwroebuli.

maT Soris iyo ori kaci: petre mRvdeli, grigol RvTisme-

tyvelis erTi mowafeTagani ( radgan mis saflavze eweoda mRvd-

lis msaxurebas) da samuel monazoni. [164] wardgnen vaxtangis wi-

naSe, rom madloba eTqvaT tyveebis gaSvebisaTvis, eklesiebisa da

mRvdlebis ganTavisuflebisaTvis da roca locva warmoTqves,

moewona mefes da moikiTxa isini. ubrZana yvela tyves da moweses,

mis mier gaSvebul davrdomilebs Semosuliyvnen, radgan yvela

davrdomili qalaqidan gasuli iyo. uZlurebs saxedrebi misca,

axalgazrdebs _ sam-sami drahkani da gauSva, petre mRvdeli da

samoel monazoni ki TavisTan daitova.

roca molaSqreebi TavianT karvebSi wavidnen, mefe savaxSmod

Sevida. mefem mimarTa petres: `RmerTs moewoneba es Cemi saqme,

rom eklesiebi davicavi da tyveebi gavuSvi?~.

petrem hkiTxa: `me, Senma monam, SenTan Tamamad vilaparako,

Tu sicruis qeba mogiZRvna?~

mefem uTxra:~ Tqvi, radgan arafers veZeb, mxolod mxilebas,

raTa sicrues ganveridoT~.

petrem uTxra: `xorcieli eklesia ufro aRmatebulia RvTis

winaSe, vidre qvis eklesia. qvis eklesia odesme daiSleba da imave

129

qviT aaSeneben. xolo xorcieli eklesia roca daiSleba, veravin

ver SeZlebs mis gankurnebas, verc mkurnali, verc mefe. ramde-

ni marTali kacis sxeuli dagicia, rasac ambobs abelis sisxlis

Sesaxeb: yoveli sisxli noes warRvniT ganiwmida. zaqarias, bar-

uqis Zis, sisxlisTvis yovelgvari Seuracxeba miago ebraelebs,

rogorc ambobs esaia: `aiRe da titos da spasianosis xeliT war-

wymide yvela maTi vaJi (wuli).~ an ar amogikiTxavs moses wigne-

bidan, roca israitelma isiZva ucxo tomelTan, ramdeni suli

mokvda im erTi siZvis gamo? axla Seni mxedrobis mier ramdeni

qalwuli, taZari RmrTisa, aris gaxrwnili.?

[185] mefem uTxra: `ver xedav, rogor iyo ivbimianosi ekle-

siebis dasacavad ukeTur ivlianesTan? Tu kaci dabrkoldeba

(waiforxilebs), umjobesia, sruliad ( sul?) daeces~.

petrem uTxra: ̀ dabrkolebuls ki ar dagcem, aramed dacemuls

aRgadgineb, rogorc daviTi [aRdga] uriis sacTurebisgan. ar min-

da, rom iyo kaci, romelic marjvenaTi akeTebs, xolo marcxenaTi

_angrevs, arc iseTi, romlebic eniT akurTxeben, guliT ki wyev-

lian da agineben, aramed iyo, rogorc keTilad moxsenebuli me-

feebi, romelTac es qveyana (wuTisofeli)(!) daipyres da sasufe-

vels ar ganSorebian: daviTi, solomoni, konstantine, ivbimianosi

da yvela maTi msgavsi. ra msgavsebaa Sensa da ivbimianoss Soris?

vin aris Seni ufali, rom misi xmali Sens kiserze iyos, rogorc

ivlianesi _ ivbimianosis [kiserze]? an Sen sad Segxvda esodeni

ziani, rac ivbimianoss _ ivlianesgan? vis xedavs RmerTi, romel-

ic Sens uflad gaxada da Sens simarTleze RmerTTan hqondes pa-

suxi? Sen ar gagxada yvela amaTi ufali da yvelani Sen ar daga-

morCila? amieridan gamoiTxovos RmerTma yoveli boroti saqme,

Seni xelebiT Cadenili da migagos, Tu ar moinanieb.~

mefem uTxra: `Tavis marTleba minda, magram Sen simarTliT

damsaje Cemi umsjavroebis gamo~.

petrem miugo: ̀ vinaidan Sewynarebis gzaze dadeqi, Seni codva

gangeSora Sen. xolo axla getyvi Sens gulisTqmas: umecrebam ki

ar gibiZga RmrTis Svilebis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad, aramed

130

Seni naTesavi sparselebis miSvelebis mizanma. ar ici, rom ber-

Znebi RmrTis xalxia im aRTqmis mixedviT, roca maT RmrTis

Svilebi uwoda da misca maT beWedi, romliTac Semusra jojox-

eTi. da aris igi jvari.

[166] mefem hkiTxa: `axla ra gnebavs?~

petrem miugo: `minda, rom Sens mier aRgznebuli es cecxli

Senve Caaqro da keisris megobari gaxde, rogorc aqamde sparselTa

{megobari] iyavi~.

mefem miugo: `minda, rom am Rames Tqveni locviT miCvenoT

keisari da me, erTad Sekrebili da rom ganzraxulia Cvens Soris

siyvarulis arseboba da gavigo, rom qristes nebaa Cems mimarT

Sens sityvebSi”.

petrem Tqva: `mZimea Cems mimarT Seni Txovna, radgan es aris

rCeuli adamianebis saqme, romlebic angelozis msgavsni arian

TavianTi srulyofili saqmeebiT. isini am kldeebSi arian da maT

SeuZliaT imgvari saqme, rasac Sen iTxov. momeci dro, rom wav-

ide da Sevevedro maT, gadavce Seni brZaneba da maTi locviT aR-

sruldes Seni ganzraxva. Seuracxad migvaCnia Cveni Tavi, radgan

codvilebi varT. vaiTu Tavxedobad moeCvenos RmerTs.~

samoel monazonma Serisxa igi da Tqva: `mRvdelo, RmrTis

saqmeze, rogorc adamianTa saqmeze, ise laparakob. ar wagikiTx-

avs, RmerTi ras eubneba palekarposs: angelozebi adamianebis

saTnoebisaTvis rom ar brkoldebodnen,( ! ), yovel qalaqSi

jvars unda vecva, rom yvela vacxovno? an israelis mefe aqabi

qristianeTa mefeze ufrosia, romelsac ambobs esaia: niSani

iTxove an simaRleSi an siRrmeSi. da amitom Tqva: qalwuli mi-

udges (daorsuldes)?. an vin uTxra israitels: rac iTxovo

Cemi saxeliT, mogeces? isom uTxra cis samyaros: `mobrundi~

da igi sam naWdevze mobrunda. Seni simdablis sityva kargia, pe-

tre, magram Semaferxebelia mcired morwmune kacTaTvis. Sen

ki, mefeo, cota Segvewie sarwmunoebiT, rom am gaWirvebuli

qalaqis locvam yos neba Seni.~ da wmindanebi TavianT samyofel-

Si wavidnen [167]. mefem didxans iloca da dawva. roca mierula,

131

movida dedakaci, romelic wminda nino iyo da Tqva: ̀ adeqi, mefev,

da krZalviT Seegebe, radgan ori mefe _ zecisa da qveynisa _

modis SenTan~. miixeda da pirvelad naxa qalaqi (qali!), rogoric

aris konstantinesi. swrafad miuaxlovda da ixila ori taxti,

erTze ijda saWurvliani, gvirgvinosani Wabuki. meore taxtze

ixila spetaki zewriT mosili moxucebuli, Tavze oqrosi ki

ara, naTlis gvirgvini edga, fexebTan ijda nino. vaxtangis mar-

jvena xeli epyra petre mRvdels, marcxena _ samoel monazons.

samoelma uTxra: `pirvelad Tayvani eci grigols, zecis did

gamgebels (!) mTavars~. mivida da Tayvani sca. grigolma Tqva: `es

ra boroteba Caidine, kaco, rom moaoxre Cemi banaki (qveyana) da

mxecebs SeaWame Cemi cxvrebi. eg orni rom ara, gverdiT rom gid-

ganan da rom ara es saTno dedakaci, mariamTan erTad maradis

rom iRvwis TqvenTvis, Surs viZiebdi Senze, rogorc Sens mama-

papebze, romelnic Semwvel cecxls eTayvanebodnen da ara yove-

lives ganmanaTlebel brwyinvalebas~. xeli gauwoda da eambora,

TiTqos xeli mihyo naTlis gvirgvins, TiTqos egeviTarive gvir-

gvini misca vaxtangs da uTxra: `daadgi es petres~. petrem aiRo

im gvirgvinze TiTqos SedarebiT udaresi da daadga samoel

monazons. ninom uTxra vaxtangs: `midi mefesTan da miiRe Seni

saCuqari.~ mivida mefesTan, erTmaneTi gadakocnes, [man] Tavis

taxtze adgili misca da gverdiT moisva. Tavisi xelidan misca

beWedi Zalze kaSkaSa TvaliT. keisarma uTxra: `Tu gnebavs, rom

gvirgvini mogce, aRuTqvi imas, vinc Cvens zemoT imyofeba, rom

ibrZoleb misi mtrebis winaaRmdeg [168] da miiRe misgan gvirgvi-

ni~. vaxtangma moixeda da ixila jvari, romelsac frTebze edga

gvirgvini. jvaris xilvam didad SeaZrwuna, radgan saSineli SiSi

Seudga. igi dadumda. nino wamodga, miixeda petres da samoelis

mxares da erTxmad Tqves: `oi, uZlevelo jvaro, Cven varT Tav-

mdebi, rom yvelaze umetesad waremarTeba~. keisarma xeli gaiS-

vira, jvridan gvirgvini aiRo da Tavze daadga vaxtangs.

gamovidnen. episkoposma TiTqos samgzis gaiRo xma da Tqva:

`vaxtang, vaxtang, vaxtang! sparselTa yvela tomSi yvelaze

132

metad morwmune iqnebi~. meored: `Sen mier aSendeba eklesiebi,

ganwesdebian episkoposebi da mTavarepiskoposi~. da mesamed:

`wamebis gvirgvins miiReb~. gamovida, ZilSive TiTqos ixmo petre

da samoeli da uyveboda ZilSi nanax Cvenebas. igini uxsnidnen:

`romelic taxtze ixile gvirgvinosani naTliT, igi didi moZR-

vari grigolia. man rac momca me Tavisi gvirgvinisagan, mTava-

repiskoposoba momca, xolo rac Cemi gvirgvinisagan miveci Cems

axlobels, Cem mier episkoposi iqneba. oqros gvirgviniT Semkuli

vinc naxe, keisaria. beWedi rom mogca, Tavis asuls mogcems Sen,

qarTlis mTel miwa-wyals, mis mier waRebuls, ukan dagibrunebs.

xolo jvarze gvirgvini rom mogca, jvris wyalobiT didi Rvaw-

li unda gadaixado. xolo Cvenma moZRvarma samgzis rom gixmo,

sami wyaloba iTxova RmrTisagan: Seni daxmarebiT qarTlis kaTa-

likosebma da episkoposebma WeSmariteba gaamyaron. sZlevde

mtrebs Seni aRsasrulis dReebamde. xolo aRsasrulisas brZo-

laSi wamebis gvirgvini miiRo, mtris xelSi ar Cavarde. yovelive

es aRsruldes Sens mouZlurebamde da siberemde~.

[169] roca vaxtang mefem gaiRviZa, madloba Seswira RmerTs,

romelmac yovelive gamoucxada. saswrafod ixmo petre da samoe-

li da hkiTxa maT: `ra ixileT~? maT upasuxes: `ambobdi, (ityode)

(!) mefeo: erTi marjvniv, meore marcxniv videqiT, roca Sen tax-

tze msxdomare keisrisa da RmrTismetyvelis winaSe ideqi. da

kidev, Cveni dedofali amSvidebda Senze gamwyral moZRvars da

Sens Tavs avedrebda.~

mefem uTxra maT: `dadumdiT, wmindanno, radgan yovelive

CemTan erTad gixilavT. axla rogor gindaT [gadawydes] am

qalaqis saqme, romlis Semusrva aris gadawyvetili? an ra vuy-

oT tyveebs, romlebic Cvens xelT arian da mraval aTasze metni

arian? axla swrafad wavides macne: sparselTa mefe wamosulia

jazireTis qveyanaSi, gamoiares filistimi keisris mefis kvalze,

romelmac moaoxra sparselTa qveyana. sparselTa mefem ver gau-

Zlo brZolas. keisari, roca man Seityo, rom Cven movediT maT

qveyanaSi, gamoeSura CvenTan sabrZolvelad. vxedavT, TiTqos

133

sparselTa mefe modis Cven Semwed. viciT, rom sparselTa

laSqari somxiTisa da qarTlis laSqarze ufro mravalia. Cvens

Soris aravin ar aris WeSmariti morwmune. rac Cvenma mamam mir-

ianma da Cemma dediT naTesavma Trdatma danerges, amaTi yvelasi

sarwmunoeba viciT, sacTurebiT savse arian. vaiTu, Cemi saqmis

gamJRavnebisas Cemi dedis Zma gawyres, erTmaneTs davetakoT da

Cveni mtrebis dasacini gavxdeT. amitom ase vizam: TiTqos Cemi

laSqari movida, magram mauwyes keisris mosvla da amis gamo uku

viqeciT [170]. roca keisari mova da mogveaxleba, pirveladve es

saqme SevatyobinoT. maSin, rogorc Senma siwmidem moifiqros,

egre vqnaT da ar daakldeba arc erTi mis tyveTagani~.

petre keisarTan wavida, xolo samoeli mefesTan darCa. meore

dRes despani movida da mefes Seatyobina, rom berZenTa laSqari

Semovida konstantinepolSi. mefe vaxtangma ixmo Tavisi dedis

Zma da yvela mefe da hkiTxa: `ras ityviT, radgan iciT berZenTa

laSqris simravle, maTi brZolis xrikebi, zRvaze navebiT simar-

jve. ager Sevidnen isini sparseTSi, gmirTa da goliaTTa qveya-

naSi da maT winaaRmdegoba ver gauwies. axla SiSi maqvs, vaiTu,

laSqari navebiT movides, gza daikavon da rogorc bakSi, ise mog-

vamwyvdion. amitom aqedan aviyaroT da zRvasTan davibanakoT

somxiTisken, rom Wirisa Tu lxinis gza gvqondes~.

laSqari qalaqis garSemo aiyara, gaiara somxiTisken xuTi

dRis savali da speris mxares dadga. gamovidnen sikvdils mi-

tanebuli qalaqSi myofni, madli miages vaxtangs da ZRvnad aTasi

litra oqro da xuTasi Tavi stavra misces. xalxi mSvidobianad

gamovida savaWrod da sazrdos saSovnelad.

roca petre mefe keisarTan mivida, yovelive Seatyobina.

keisarma friad gaixara da rac ki sizmarSi exila, yvelafris

neba misca vaxtangs. gamoagzavna mRvdeli petre da aRTqmiT da

Zlieri ficiT amcno, rom misi mefobis Tanaswori iqneba. amitom

orive laSqarma daamarcxon sparselebi, romelnic axldnen vax-

tangs, ar gavidnen TavianTi sabrZanebelidan, roca Seikribebian

vaxtangi da igi. vidre petre [171] da mociqulebi vaxtangTan mov-

134

idodnen, keisari Semovida konstantinepolSi da xuTasi dromo-

ni gamoagzavna, romelSic xuTas –xuTasi kaci ijda. ubrZana,

rom xlebodnen vaxtangs da brZolis gareSe damdgariyvnen. kei-

sari rvaasi aTasi kaciT gamoemarTa pontos gzaze. roca zRvis

laSqari mouaxlovdaT, sparselebs undodaT maTTan SebrZole-

ba, magram mefe akavebda da sabrZolvelad ar uSvebda.

roca keisris mociqulma da petrem ZRveni moarTves, [petres]

hqonda saidumlod [saTqmeli] da aseve hqonda sajarod [saTqmeli]

sityva. man sxvebis gasagonad Tqva: `nu garbixar, ideqi Cems mos-

vlamde, raTa gavwyvitoT SenTan myofi sparselebi, romlebic

sparseTSi Cveni Sesvlis dros cocxlad gadagvirCnen~.

garigebis niSnad mas saidumlod moarTves jvari da gvirgvi-

ni, tanisamosi, da Tqva: ̀ roca gaverTiandebiT, mogcem Tuxarisis

cixes da qarTlis miwa-wyals~. vaxtang mefem yvelas gasagonad

upasuxa: `sxva mizeziT ar movsulvarT aq, aramed SenTan sabr-

Zolvelad. axla modi aq, Tu ara, Cven movalT konstantinepol-

Si~. farulad ki gaagebina: `romelic Sens RmrTismoyvarebas ar

SeSvenis, rasac Sen ar izam, sxvas nu aqezeb, radgan daundobloba

ar Sehferis patiosan kacs. sparselebi Sen rom Cagigdo xelSi,

saxeli ar gamitydeba? mraval maTgans Cvenze ufro didi siy-

varuli aqvT qristes mimarT, magram SiSis gamo ver amJRavneben.

axla brZane, rom es saqme mSvidobianad davamTavroT, rogorc

ivbimianosma da sparselebma. amis Semdeg, roca Cveni saqme gadaw-

ydeba, imaT ufro marjved Cagigdeb xelSi. Tqveni mxriv nu iqne-

ba uRirsi saqme, numc areuloba, rom maxvilis piriT ar daeces

Tqveni xalxi, radgan Tqvenebi gaTamamebulebi arian sparsele-

bze [172] gamarjvebiT, xolo sparselebi SeSinebulebi ar arian,

Tqvenze daboRmilebi brZolas eswrafian: an mokvdnen, an Suri

iZion TavianTi [daRvrili] sisxlisTvis. Tu Seni molaSqreebi

iqiT SeebrZolebian, me ubralo viqnebi.~

masTan mociqulad wavidnen varaz-mihri, misi mamamZuZis Zma

da samoel monazoni. keisari moaxloveboda qalaq pontos, pon-

toelebi gamosuliyvnen mis Sesaxvedrad, qebas asxamdnen da vax-

135

tang mefeze madlobas eubnebodnen, rom moerida maT da sasikv-

dilod ar gawira. roca vaxtang mefis mociqulebma qalaqs miaR-

wies, ZRveni miarTves aTasi muTakali muSki, xuTasi ambri da aTa-

si litra alva. mefe vaxtangis erTi gundi saalafod iyo gasuli.

maT berZenma qveiTosnebma da soflebsa da qalaqebSi Sekrebilma

cxenosanma mxedrebma, ricxviT samasma aTasma, Seutia.

vaxtang mefe mealafe laSqars Zaladobisgan akavebda, sanam

masTan ar mivida misi biZa, sparselTa erisTavi da risxviT mi-

marTa vaxtangs: `o, Se gvelo da aspitis jiSo! ar ici, rom mama-

Senis deda berZeni iyo, ivbimianosis naTesavi? SenSi mamaSenis

dedis bunebam imZlavra. jvarcmuli gardacvlili kacis siy-

varuls atareb da Cveni berZnebis xelSi Cayra ginda~. vaxtangma

miugo: `aha, Sen da berZnebi, naxav mag gardacvlili kacisa da

Seni cocxali imedis Zalas!~. Cahberes sayvirs da gavidnen [saom-

rad] mTeli somxiTi, sparselebi da darubandis mefe. xolo [173]

vaxtang mefe da qarTvelebi samzerad gavidnen da dadgnen. mefe

TeTr spiloze Sejda da Semoewyvnen zRvis napirs, romelic Wa-

laa, xerTvisis riye. sparselTa laSqris mislvamde berZnebma

ocdaSvidi aTasi sparseli daxoces. brZola gaZlierda. mokles

vaxtangis biZa, sparselTa erisTavi. mokles ipajaji, lekTa mefe

da mravali erismTavari. damarcxda aRmosavleTis banaki. ber-

ZenTa spasalari iyo palekarpos loRoTeli, mefis diswuli. igi

Zlieri iyo, mas moekla sparselTa Zlieri mebrZolebi, es eri-

sTavic man mokla.

vaxtangi etlidan gadmovida da warmosTqva: `ara romelic

Cven gvinda, aramed romelic RmerTs eneba. Cven mSvidobaze vla-

parakobdiT, magram sparselTa kadnierebam ganarisxa RmerTi

da RmerTma Suri iZia. mokles ranis erisTavi, romelsac mTeli

sparseTi sparseTis mooxrebasaviT iglovs. axla sparselTa Tav-

xedoba dacxra, moiReT jvari da wavimZRvaroT, raTa riTac gv-

Zlevdnen, miTve iZlivnen. iyaviT Zlierebis Zeni da erTmaneTs nu

ebrZviT sxvisi waqezebiT. nu eZebT mtrebis damarcxebas, aramed

Tqveni xelebi iyvnen, viTarca Cemi xelebi, raTa sruliad ar dav-

136

marcxdeT. mxolod aq ki ar vdevnoT, aramed vidre adarbadagana-

mde, rogorc yornebi idevnebian TavianTi marTveebis mier.~

petre mRvdelma moabrZana jvari, mefem Tqva: `dadeq mtrisa

da Cveni xalxis winaSe da uTxari yvelas : Tayvani eciT jvars

da [174] vsZlioT mters, vinc Tayvans ar scems, mokaliT~. dem-

etres, Tavis erisTavs da juanSer spaspets ubrZana, rom jvars

gahyolodnen. macne xmamaRla iuwyeboda: `vinc jvars Tayvans

ar scems, mokvdeba.~ midioda xalxi, Tayvans scemdnen da jvris

winaSe dgebodnen. borzo movaknelma mefem Tqva: `ar mivatoveb

Semwvel( brwyinvale)(!) naTels, Tayvans ar vcem futuro Zels,

romelic oqroTi da anTrakiT aris Semkuli~. juanSer spaspetma

hkra maxvili, misi mZori Zirs daeca. mas Semdeg veravin gabeda

jvris gmoba. eri aRTqmas aZlevda vaxtang mefes: `Tu jvari

Segveweva, Cven ar gveyoleba sxva RmerTi, garda jvarcmulisa~.

mefe cxenidan gadmovida, Tayvani sca mas da masTan erTad

mTelma xalxma. mefem Tqva: `ufalo RmerTo, aCvene am urwmuno

ers Seni Zala, rom sarwmunoebaze moiyvano Seni morwmuneni..

romc mokvdnen, mainc cocxali arian da Sengan cxovnebulni Zli-

erni arian. berZenTa laSqari rogorc elva gamoenTo. paleka-

rposi, rogorc sisxliT amoTxvrili mgeli da gamZvinvarebuli

lomi, mohyioda da Seuracx-yofda molaSqreebs. mefem Tqva : « vin

aris Tqven Soris kaci, romelic imas SeebrZoleba da Cemi mefobis

swori iqneba~? macne orgzis gavida. vervin gabeda sityvis Tqma.

vaxtang mefisa da palekarpos

berZenTa spaspetis brZola da vaxtangis mier

palekarposis mokvla

maSin vaxtangma Tqva: «adamiani Tavisi ZaliT ki ar aris

Zlieri, aramed RmerTi aZlevs mas Zalas. me vevedrebi Sens Zalas

da rogorc daviTi, gaval jvris saswauliT. [175] momeci Zala,

rogorc daviTs goliaTze, radgan es ukanasknelic yvedrebiT

137

da SeuracxebiT moekida Sens jvars. roca ixila aRmarTuli

jvari Cvens Semwed, ar gaeqca mas, aramed misi Zalis imediT gavi-

da sabrZolvelad ~. Tqva : « RmerTo, ixilav ampartavans da daam-

dableb, aseve ixilav gaWirvebuls da ixsni mas. mas [palekarposs]

arafrad vagdeb da arc meSinia, radgan didia Sens mier mocemuli

Zala, romliTac vsZlev mas. me Seni SiSi maqvs. radgan mdabalTa

xmebs ismen, Sen mogiwodeb Cems Semwed~.

iZro xmali, amTxvia jvars, gavida mebrZolTa Soris da Tqva:

«lomi ar ebrZvis xars, radgan me mefe var da Sen mona, magram simd-

abliT davdeb Tavs am xalxisTvis, raTa irwmunos jvris Zala~. Seu-

tia palekarposs. vaxtangi dinjad da dajerebiT uaxlovdeboda.

orive mebrZolma SiSis damcemi xmiT SesZaxa, is xma quxilis xmas

hgavda, romelmac qveyana SeZra. palekarposma hkra maxvili vax-

tangis fars, romelic vigris tyavisagan iyo da gahkveTa fari erT

wyrTaze, radgan maxvili adamianis mklavis simsxo iyo. mefem fari

Seageba mis maxvils da pirispir Seutia. hkra xmali Cabalaxze da

beWebamde gaupo Tavi. xeli gaiwoda, Tavis naxevari aiRo, moitana

jvarTan da Tqva: «yvela Sengan gandgomilis xvedri es iyos~.

vaxtangis laSqarma Seutia berZenTa laSqars, ifrines isini,

[176] gund- gundad daanawiles da miamwyvdies zRvis napiras. im-

aTgan verc erTi ver gadaurCa, mxolod isini, vinc zRvaSi Sea-

swro da naviT gaiqca. im dRes vaxtangis laSqridan gawyda or-

mocdasami aTasi, berZenTa laSqrisagan gawyda samocdaTormeti

aTasi. tyved Seipyres as ocdaxuTi aTasi.

roca vaxtangis molaSqreebi mobrundnen, mividnen vaxtangis

biZis, varaz-bakuris gvamTan, igloves, Semures igi sabriT da

muriT da bardavSi waasvenes.

mefe vaxtangma mTel laSqars uxmo da ubrZana tyveTa mosx-

ma. uklebliv moiyvanes, yvela mamakaci da dedakaci erTad iyo

SvidasoTxmoci aTasi da Tavisi erisTavebis, nasres da adar-

nases, TavdgomiT yvelani gaagzavna keisarTan da werili mis-

wera : « RmrTis sibrZne miuwvdomelia, adamianTa sibrZnesa da

nebas RmrTis neba sZlevs. me vici, rom Seni survili ar iyo es

138

saqme, rac palekarposma qna. arc Cemi survili iyo, rac biZaCemma

Caidina. orive es avismoqmedi avmanve gadaiyolia. imisTvis qna

es RmerTma, rom es axalmoqceulebi moiyvanos misi SiSis rwme-

naze, rogorc uZRebi SvilisTvis qna sacxovnebeli saqme. Tqven

uflis pirmSo Svilebi xarT da maradis misni xarT. biZaCemiT

[mogvril] mwuxarebas Tqveni diswulis gziT nugeSi veci, roca

Suri viZie mis mkvlelebze. xolo Tqven nugeSi geciT im xalxis

gamo, RmerTma rom ixsna Svidas oTxmoci aTasi. Tu brZaneb CemTan

Sexvedras, iswrafe, Tu ara, mociqulis gziT [ 177] moagvare Cveni

saqme, radgan mZimea am mooxrebuli qveynisTvis Cveni aq yofna.

mociqulebis misvlamde keisari Zalian damwuxrebuli

iyo. magram roca gaigo, rom pirvelad Sepyrobili tyveebi da

mdevrisagan datyvevebulebi yvela uklebliv gauSvia, friad

gaixara. yvelas gauqarvda mwuxareba. mefe navSi Cajda da samasi

dromoniT gavida, msubuqad gamovida zRvis napiras da vaxtangs

mouwoda. erTmaneTSi aRTqma da fici dades, dawindvis saqme

moagvares. keisarma daubruna qarTlis miwa-wyali, Tuxarisis

cixe da mTeli klarjeTi zRvidan arsianamde da mxareebi, rom-

lebic RadoTa (zRvis napirebs) mosdeven.

keisarma gamoikiTxa saberZneTis teritoria, zRvis piris qvey-

ana, romelic aris afxazeTi da ase Tqva: «egrisis wylidan vidre

xazareTis mcire mdinaremde _ es aleqsandres droidan saberZne-

Tis teritoriaa, romelic Sen Seni Zal-RoniT Cvengan wagiRia. axla

is ukan dagvibrune da rodesac Sens cols waiyvan, maSin mogcem

qveyanas~. mziTvad misca qveyana egris wyalsa da klisuras Sua da

danarCeni afxazeTi vaxtangma ukan daubruna berZnebs.

wamovida vaxtang klarjeTis gzaze, Tavisi laSqari somxiTis

gza ze gauSva. da roca moiwia TuxarisSi, naxa da Seuyvarda cixe da

Tqva: «WeSmaritad Tu xar Sen cixe~. roca gamoemgzavra, Sua klar-

jeTSi naxa klde, sofels saxelad erqva artanuji. ixmo ar ta vazi,

Tavisi ZuZumte da erisTavad daadgina. ubrZana, rom aego arta-

nujis cixe. ubrZana, rom im mxareSi gamoenaxa samonastro ad gili

da aeSenebina eklesia. [178] da [iseT] monastrad aqcies, ro goric

139

saberZneTis monastrebi hqonda nanaxi. uTxra artavazs: «spar-

selebi Cvenze Tu gaZlierdebian, Cveni sayudeli aq iqneba~.

artavazma aaSena artanujis cixe da monasteri opiza da sami

eklesia daba merisa, Sindobisa da axizisa. ganaaxla axizis cixe

da mRvimed aqcia igi.

roca vaxtangi wamovida da Tavis qalaqSi, mcxeTaSi movida,

Seiqmna didi sixaruli da RmrTisTvis madlis Sewirva, rom igi

mSvidobiT dabrunda. man Tavis xalxs didi saCuqari uboZa.

sparselTa mefem roca gaigo, rom vaxtangi berZenTa mxareze

gadavida, Sebrunda sparseTSi da mokvda. mefed misi Ze dajda.

sanam igi momwifdeboda, sami weliwadi gavida.

vaxtang mefes misma colma tyupebi _ Ze da asuli- gauCina.

balenduxt dedofali, sparselTa mefis asuli, mSobiarobas ga-

dahyva. vaxtangma Tavis Zes saxelad sparsulad darCil uwoda,

xolo qarTulad _ daCi. vaxtang mefem ver moicala, rom berZen-

Ta mefis asuli colad moeyvana, verc kaTalikosi da episkopose-

bi ver moiyvana, radgan igi sparselTa mefis Semosevas eloda:

cixe-qalaqebs amagrebda, mxedrebs aiaraRebda da sparselebTan

sabrZolvelad amzadebda. im dros Caagdo sapyrobileSi bin-

qaran macduri, cecxlismsaxurTa episkoposi, gawyvita da qarT-

lis sazRvrebidan gaaZeva yvela cecxlismsaxuri.

sparselTa mefe sami wlis Semdeg gamoemarTa vaxtangTan sabr-

Zolvelad, moaRwia indabrians da iq daibanaka. vaxtangma [Sikriki]

gaagzavna berZenTa mefesTan da amcno : « aha, is dRe, romelic

aRgiTqvi. rom Sens xelebSi Semovamwyvdevdi sparselebs. aha,

momiyvania isini qarTlis Sua sazRvrebSi, yvela maTi molaSqre

daaxloebiT samasi aTasia. mas egona, rom Tavis spas gaamravleb-

da somxiTidan da kavkasieli mefeebisgan, magram maT ver gabedes

masTan SeerTeba. zog maTgans jvarcmulis sasoeba hqonda, xolo

zogs eSmakma sZlia, darubandis mefeebi SeuerTdnen. Cemi aRTqma,

romelic aRmiTqvams, Semisrulebia, radgan sadac mipovnia cecx-

lis saxli, fseliT damiSretia, maTi mogvebi da mzveravebi borot

satanjvelSi Camigdia, macduri binqaran sapyrobileSi Cavagde da

140

sikvdils gaeqca (!), man sparselebi moiyvana qarTlSi. episkopos-

ad davsvi sarwmuno kaci miqaeli. xolo roca binqarani qarTlis

sazRvrebs mouaxlovda, mokvda. axla Seni laSqari swrafad wam-

ovides, rom aqac, Sinac daeces jvris yoveli mteri da moisveno

yoveli Seni mtrisagan. xolo Tu Cven gvZlevs, igi gaZlierdeba da

Sens sazRvrebSi Semova SimSatis gzaze.

sanam vaxtang mefis mociqulebi miaRwevdnen, keisari wasuli-

yo qveynidan xazareTis mxares, ris gamo ver moaswrebda qarTl-

Si mosvlas. maSin vaxtangma qalaqis cixeebi gaaZliera, TavisTan

daikava xalxis urCeulesi mebrZolebi _ asi aTasi mxedari da

asi aTasi qveiTi da isini diRmidan qarTlis karebamde daabanaka.

sparselebma cxenis terfidan daRmarTSi daibanakes.

[180] sparselebis mosvla qarTlSi

vaxtang gorgasalTan saomrad

vaxtangma gaafarTova mogveTis xidi samoci mxris siganiT,

rom masze laSqars emoZrava. mefe da juanSer spaspeti mcxeTaSi

dadgnen, nasra da mirdati sardlad dautova somxiTis da qar-

Tlis laSqars, romelic armazis mxares idga. roca sparsele-

bi armazis mxridan ibrZodnen, mcxeTidan gadiodnen. da roca

laSqari mcxeTidan gavida, daewyvnen aragvze. da odesRac ga-

iares mtkvris foni da Seibnen Tbilisis fonTan. da erT dRes

isini jobnidnen, meore dRes _ eseni.

vaxtang mefes oqros Cabalaxi gaekeTebina, winidan mgeli iyo

gamosaxuli, uknidan _ lomi. ra mxaresac qarTvelebi marcxde-

bodnen, iqiT miemarTeboda, anadgurebda sparsTa laSqars,

rogorc lomi – kanjarTa grovas. amis Semdeg sparselebi ver

uZlebdnen masTan brZolas. [maT] gamoarCies igi, romelsac

mgeli da lomi exata da roca vaxtangs naxavdnen, iZaxdnen: « dur

az gorgasal~ , rac niSnavs: « moerideT mglis Tavs~. amis gamo

mefe vaxtangs gorgasali daerqva.

141

maT Soris brZola mxolod oTxi Tve gagrZelda. keisrisagan

mociquli movida, vaxtangs ZRveni moarTva da mohgvara berZeni

molaSqre oTxmoci aTasi mxedari. [man] vaxtangs moswera: « davi-

wye omi xakanis winaaRmdeg. Sen oTxmoci aTasi mxedari gamogig-

zavne da leons werili movwere: Tu laSqari gWirdeba, Sens wi-

naSe aris melitenidan vidre lamemde da aqeT karnu-qalaqamde.

leons vubrZane, rom SenTan iyos.

[181] berZenTa laSqari javaxeTSi iyo mosuli. roca sparsel-

Ta mefem [qarTvelebis] dasaxmareblad berZnebis mosvla gai-

go, vaxtangTan saubari daiwyo, mis mociquls Seatyobina da

uTxra : « ratom unda SevawydeT erTmaneTs? Zmebi varT, nebro-

Tis Svilebi. Tu cecxli RmerTia, maS, Seewios igi.(!) xolo Cven

davrCeT Cvens mama-papaTa siyvarulze, TiToeuli Cvengani imas

emsaxuros, rac mosawonia misi sulisTvis~.

roca mociquli movida da da mefe vaxtangs sparselTa me-

fis SemonaTvali gadasca, moewona vaxtangs da mTel ers. mefe

vaxtangma ZRveni misca. miuvlina mociquli da uTxra: «jvris

Zala gixilavs, radgan yvela mefes xarki mogvqonda jvarcmu-

lis gamoCenamde (Sobamde). rac is gamoCnda, yvela misma Tay-

vanismcelma gZlia Sen, Seni moxarke berZnebi aqeT gebrZvian da

moaoxres cecxlis Tayvaniscemis adgilebi. axla Tu Cven gvebrZ-

vi rjulis datovebisTvis, movkvdebiT misi gulisTvis, rogorc

is mokvda CvenTvis da man aRgvadginos Cven. xolo Tu Sens sity-

vas Seasruleb da cecxli ar iqneba Seni RmerTi da Cveni RmerTi

iqneba qriste, mamad da batonad Segracxo Sen. Tumca Cven pirm-

Soni varT, Tqven dajdeT Cveni mamis taxtze~.

roca vaxtangis sityva gadasces, Seiwynara da gorgasals

didi ZRveni gaugzavna, masTan anTrakis gvirgvini. Sexvedris

dro dadves. aiyara sparsTa mefe da rusTavSi mibrunda. gan-

Tiadisas isini gamovidnen da kalas mindorze dadgnen, radgan

maSin sofeli tfilisi da kalac mooxrebuli iyo. mefe vaxtangi

jaWvze dadga. imave velze Seikriba orive mefe, [182] erTmaneTi

moikiTxes da Tav-TavianT rjulze gautexeli aRTqma dadves.

142

im dRes gorgasalma sparsTa mefes Tavisi laSqriTurT tfil-

isSi mouwoda da uZRvna gorgasalma aTasi mxevali, xuTasi mona,

xuTasi stavra mosasxami, xuTasi abreSumis zuzma( !), aTi aTa-

si Waki cxeni, xuTasi sazidari cxeni, samasi jori, oTxi aTasi

Zroxa, aTi aTasi cxvari. mesame dRes masTan mivida gorgasali,

Tan waiyvana keisris anTipatrosi leoni da moilaparakes. anTi-

patrosma gorgasals STaagona, mSvidoba daemyarebina keisarsa

da xosros Soris, radgan berZnebs eSinodaT, vaiTu, sparselebi

saberZneTSi Sesuliyvnen da moeoxrebinaT igi, radgan saberZne-

Tis laSqari mTlianad xazareTSi iyo.

xosrom gorgasals uTxra: iTxove Cemgan, rac gnebavs SenT-

vis, an vinme sxvisTvis~. gorgasalma miugo: `minda, rom Sensa da

keisars Soris mSvidoba iyos~. xosrom Tqva : samZimod miCans Seni

Txovna, radgan berZnebi, raJamsac Cvenze dros ipovnian, sikeTes

ar Caidenen. me amiT vamtkiceb Sendami Cems siyvaruls, rom sa-

berZneTSi Seval da Surs viZieb maTze. aha, meaTe dRea, rac mo-

sulia xazarTa mefis mociquli. Sen ar ici Cveni mtrobis mizezi.

axla giambob Cvens mimarT maTi Tavxedobis Sesaxeb da mere aR-

vasruleb Sens nebas, vinaidan mtkice ficiT aRgiTqvi, rom ara

vqna is, rac Sen ar gnebavs~. da Tqva: «Sen ici, rom zRvis aqeT

Cveni teritoriaa, gamoyofili noes droidan. axla is gvedaveba

Cven jazirsa da Sams., mooxrebulia qalaqebi. Sami Cveni samefoa,

xolo jaziris naxevari, Cveni mama-papebidan dawesebuli, Seni

xvedria. igi mitacebuli aqvT berZnebs, [183] me axla Seval, rom

davibruno igi. ra nawilic Seni mama-papebisa aris, Sen gauyavi,

Sen ici da berZnebma. xolo jaziris sxva nawili berZnebma momcen

me da isic, rac me Sengan miviTxove~.

roca es leon anTipatross esma, friad gaixara, orTave mefes

Tayvani sca da Tqva: «jaziris xuTi qalaqi Seni iyos, Seni naxevari,

sikiliis naxevars, romelic Sengan waviReT, ukan dagibrunebT da

Cveni sicocxlis manZilze mSvidoba iyos Sensa da mas Soris~.

mefem Tqva: «vin icis, berZenTa mefe dasjerdeba Tu ara Cvens

namoqmedars? leonma Tqva: «roca me gamomagzavna am mefis dasax-

143

mareblad, Cvens mefes vinme RmrTismecnierma monazonma uTxra,

rom RmerTs mSvidoba surs samive am mefes Soris. da asec moxda.

keisarma ubrZana mwignobars da dawera zavis werili. ai, aq aris

mis mier dawerili werili~.

roca es Tqva, waikiTxes is werili. ficiT iyo dawerili: `imis

garda, romelic sparsTa mefem ivbimianoss misca, arafers ar

moviTxovo Tqvengan~. sparsTa mefem xazarTa mefis mociquls

mouwoda da gaagebina sparselebis gaRizianeba berZnebis mi-

marT. sparsTa mefem aiRo qaRaldi da Tavisi xeliT dawera wer-

ili berZenTa mefis mier gamoTqmuli siyvarulis, sazRvrebis

dawesebis da sikiliis ukan dabrunebis Sesaxeb. misca filistimi

ierusalimiTurT( !). da Tqva: ~ierusalimi Tqveni rjulis qalaq-

ia ~. gorgasals misca ZRveni: sami aTasi litra alva, xuTasi li-

tra ambri, xuTasi litra muSki, sami aTasi taiWi cxeni, aTasi xo-

srovani samoseli da sami aTasi siasamuris bewvi.

vaxtangi Sin wavida. meore dRes mefem sakuTari mobidani,

barzabani, [184] miugzavna da ase uTxra gorgasals: «rac Cemgan

ginda, imas vizam. rogorc gnebavs, ise ganage Seni sabrZanebeli.

miavline Seni warmomadgenlebi da miiTvale Seni qalaqebi, rom-

lebic mogeciT Sen da keisars. barzabanisTvis nabrZanebi maqvs,

keisarTan misvla da Tqveni qveynebis da qalaqebis Cabareba. Sen

ici, rom am saqmis gamo Cvenze ganrisxdnen sparsi xucesebi. maT

egonaT, rom me saberZneTs Sevmusravdi, me ki Cemi sazRvrebidan

ori samefo vaCuqe maT. axla Cemi Txovnaa, rom Seni da momce co-

lad da Sen Cem qveyanaSi wamoxvide, raTa Seni naTesavebi naxo da

damexmaro Cemi mtrebis _ abaSelebis da elamelebis, indoelebis

da sindelebis _ winaaRmdeg, radgan maT yvelaze didi boroteba

da Cemi mefobis damdableba moimoqmedes. rodesac CemTan moxval,

ase uTxari uxucesebs da Cems marzpanebs, rom Cemi da Cemi moyva-

reebis siyvaruli gamoviCine, radgan Cemma Zmam vaxtangma ase in-

eba. ra qveynebic miveciT, maTive SemweobiT Cveni mtrebi moxarked

vaqcieT. amiT davacxroT berZnebze maTi guliswyroma. Sen Senda

Tavad mindixar Cems Semwed, xolo Seni laSqari adgilze darCes~.

144

vaxtangma Tavis Tanamzraxvelebs mouwoda. leon anTipatros-

ma es uTxra: `didia Seni sikeTe berZnebis mimarT, gansakuTrebiT

mefeTa mimarT, romelnic taxtze sxedan, radgan Sen daicavi

qalaqi ponto Semusrvisagan, Sen gadaarCine Svidas oTxmoci aTasi

adamiani. dRes Seni wyalobiT eZleva [maT] jazira da filistimi,

romelic mSvidobianad arc erT berZen mefes ar daukavebia. xos-

ro marTalia, Tu mis mimarT sikeTes ar gamoiCen, gamousadegarad

[ 185] Seracxavs mas eri misi.

TumcaRa man ar giTxra, iqiT vZlioT, radgan es aris namdvili

siyvaruli. me mogcem Cemi laSqridan aTi aTas aRWurvil meomars

da me gavyvebi Sens mociqulebs keisarTan da iqidan SegierTdebi

jaziraSi Zlieri laSqriT ~.

ase elaparaka leon anTipatrosi. vaxtang mefes da yvela

warCinebuls moewona misi nalaparakevi. vaxtang mefem sparsTa

mefes colad misca Tavisi da, romelsac miranduxti erqva,

romelic gatacebuli iyo osebis mier da vaxtangma gamoixsna.

xvaranZe imitom ar misca colad, rom igi somexTa pitiaxSze iyo

daniSnuli. vaxtangma moiyvana Tavisi Ze, romelsac sparsulad

darCil erqva, xolo qarTulad _ daCi. igi xuTi wlisa iyo. Tav-

ze gvirgvini daadga da mefed gamoacxada. masTan Tavisi Svidi

warCinebuli datova:

pirvelad, juanSer spaspeti, Sida qarTlis mpyrobeli da

yovelTa erisTavTa mflobeli.

demetre, kaxeTisa da kuxeTis erisTavi.

grigoli, hereTis erisTavi.

nersarani, xunanis erisTavi.

adarnase, samSvildis erisTavi.

samnaRiri, Sida egrisisa da svaneTis erisTavi.

bakuri, margveTisa da Takveris erisTavi.

amaT Seavedra Tavisi Ze daCi, ubrZana ujarmis aSeneba da iq

aRzrda daCi mefisa, radgan moxerxebulad moeCvena( !) igi nadi-

risa da pirutyvisaTvis. Tan waiyolia Tavisi oTxi warCinebu-

li :

145

artavazi, klarjeTis erisTavi.

nasari, wundis erisTavi.

bivritiani, oZrxis erisTavi.

saurmagi, Tavisi didi ejibi da maTTan erTad Tavisi laSqris

aTi aTasi darCeuli mxedari.

leon anTipatrosma mas Tavisi laSqrisgan aTi aTasi berZeni

dautova da TviTon keisarTan wavida. vaxtang mefem mociqulad

gaayola

artavazi, klarjeTis erisTavi da keisarTan gaatana mTeli

simdidre, romelic misTvis mieZRvna mefe xosros. magram stavra

da taiWebi TavisTvis daitova, sxva yvelaferi gaagzavna da ar-

tavazs ubrZana, rom jaziraSi SeerTeboda mas leon anTipa-

trosTan erTad.

vaxtangs deda da da misi xvaranZe Seevedrnen, rom isinic Tan

waeyvana, raTa elocaT ierusalemSi. waiyola. vaxtang mefe da

xosro adarbadaganis gziT wavidnen da iqidan vaxtangi, deda da

misi da wavidnen ierusalemSi. xosro antioqiaSi eloda. Sevidnen

da iloces wmida aRdgomis eklesiaSi, moiloces yvela wminda

adgili da Seevedrnen wminda aRdgomis eklesias, didi Sesawira-

vi Seswires da antioqiaSi. wamovidnen

leon, keisris anTipatrosi da artavazi, vaxtangis erisTavi,

oci aTasi rCeuli mxedriT movidnen da keisrisagan uzomo ZRve-

ni moarTves xosros, vaxtangs ki _ uzomo simdidre. keisars mo-

ciqulebisTvis ucnobebia sixaruli, RmrTisTvis madlis micema,

vaxtangis qeba da uzomo madliereba. vaxtangisTvis ucnobebia :

« leonisTvis mibrZanebia, Sens SiSsa da brZanebas iseve daemor-

Cilos, rogorc Cemsas ~. vaxtangis brZanebis qveS Seikriba ber-

Zeni, qarTveli da somexi ormocdaaTi aTasi rCeuli mxedari.

[187] maSin sparselTa mefem vaxtangs mimarTa: «vinaidan Seni

deda da da daRlilebi arian, isinic movidnen Cems samefoSi, raTa

erTad vizeimoT Cveni sixaruli. Semdeg, Tu inebeben qarTlSi

wasvlas, wavidnen ranis gziT. xolo Tu Sens dalodebas inebeben,

dagelodebian qalaq urhaSi ~.

146

vaxtangs WkuaSi daujda xosros naTqvami, Tan waiyvanes [deda

da da] da gaemarTnen. sparselTa mefem mociquli gaagzavna

sparseTis yvela warCinebulTan da Seatyobina yvelaferi es. maT

didi sixaruliT gaixares, radgan cecxliviT iyvnen aRgznebule-

bi indoelebTan, sindelebTan, abaSelebTan da jorjanelebTan

sabrZolvelad. mividnen baRdadSi. sparseli warCinebulebi

didi sixaruliT Semoegebnen. samefo qorwili gadaixades, eqvsi

Tve grZeldeboda gancxromasa da uzomo gansvenebaSi. qorwilis

Semdeg vaxtangis dedas da das didZali simdidre misca da wam-

ovidnen urhaSi. sparseTis mTeli mosaxleoba vaxtangs ise scem-

da pativs, rogorc sakuTar mefes, xosros. Semdeg gaemarTnen

mtrebTan sabrZolvelad.

vaxtang gorgaslis mier sparsTa mefis daxmareba

indoelTa, sindelTa, abaSelTa da jorjanelTa winaaRmdeg

omSi da vaxtangis mier yvelas damarcxeba

pirvelad mividnen jorjaneTSi, daipyres jorjaneTi da

mosaxleobisagan dacales. maT adgilas sparselebi Caasax-

les. mas Semdeg jorjanelni glexebad iqcnen, romelnic axlac

sparselTa mexarkeni arian.

[188] vaxtang gorgaslis indoeTSi Sesvla

da vaxtangis mier maTi damarcxeba

iqidan indoeTSi Sevidnen. iq Zlieri brZolebi da orTabr-

Zolebi atyda. iq wesi iyo: romeli maTganic sZlevda, mis winaSe

mowinaaRmdegis banaki gaiqceoda. vaxtang mefem TxuTmeti bum-

berazi mokla, romelTac sparsTa mravali goliaTi daexocaT.

indoeTis brZolaSi sami weli dayves. daipyres indoeTis mrava-

li qveyana, magram gamagrebuli cixe-qalaqebi ver gatexes, rad-

147

gan gars zRude ertyaT. indoelTa mefisagan xarki wamoiRes :

aTasi litra muSki, amdenive ambari, aTi navi alva, erTi navi Tv-

lebi iakinTi da zurmuxti, masTan sxvadasxva saxis safironi, asi

aqlemi oqro, xuTasi aqlemi vercxli.

vaxtang gorgaslis Sesvla sindeTSi

da vaxtangis gamarjveba

iqidan Sevidnen sindeTSi. sindelTa mefem Tavisi xalxi cix-

eebsa da qalaqebSi ganaTavsa. sparseli Tavdamsxmelebi romel

mxaresac Seutevdnen, gamouxtebodnen sindelni cixeebidan da

qalaqebidan da did zians ayenebdnen sparselebs. sparselTagan

didZali meomari gawyda. xolo vaxtangis laSqarTganni qristes

ZaliT arsad ar damarcxebulan, mtris mimarT Zlevamosilad

gamoCndnen. mamac mebrZolebad gamoCndnen vaxtangis oTxi

warCinebuli da leon berZeni., radgan maT daamarcxes sindelTa

mamacurad mebrZoli mravali bumberazi. sindTa mefe qalaq sin-

diaSi iyo. maSin mTeli Tavisi ZalebiT mividnen sindiaSi, gaimar-

Ta Zlieri brZolebi. yovel dRe gamodioda TviTon sindTa mefe

[189] , radgan igi mamaci da SemmarTebeli goliaTi iyo, gamohyav-

da sindeTis mxedrebi da iyo bumberazTa brZola. zogjer isini

sZlevdnen, zogjer _ eseni. sindTa mefem ajoba masTan mebrZol

yvela bumberazs, is da vaxtangi mravali dRis ganmavlobaSi erT-

meneTs brZolaSi ver Sexvdnen.

sindTa mefem RamiT qalaqis karebTan, velze meomrebis

dasamalavad didi gvirabi gaTxara, moxerxebulad dautova

gamosavali gzebi da Sig aTi rCeuli mxedari Caayena. diliT adre

erTi bumberazi gamogzavna. im dRes vaxtangis jeri iyo karebis

dacva. miadga es bumberazi da piris-pir brZola SesTavaza, rom

gaetyuebina da mxedrebTan gadaeyara. vaxtangis ejibi saurmagi

gavida da uTxra: « Sen gabeduleba ar geyofa mefesTan sabr-

Zolvelad, amitom me SegebrZolebi, mona – monas ~. miuxta, ma-

148

gram sindeli gaeqca. saurmagi Cveulebisamebr misdevda, radgan

mravalgzis nabrZolebi iyo im velze. rogorc ki miuaxlovda

damalul mxedrebs, zurgidan gamouxtnen, igi sirbiliT ukuiq-

ca. saurmagma sca horoli winas da mokla, xolo danarCenma aTma

mokles saurmagi.

maSin Seutia TviT vaxtang mefem da masTan erTad misma samma

warCinebulma: artavazma, bivritianma, nasarma da maTTan leon

berZenma. sindelni uku iqcnen, vaxtangi megobrebiTurT qalaqis

karebamde misdevda. sindelebi qalaqSi Secvivdnen. mwuxarebiT

aRsavse vaxtangi mobrunda, iglovda saurmagis, rogorc sayva-

reli Zmis, gvamze, radgan masTan TanSezrdili iyo, artavazis ma-

mis, misi mamamZuZes Zmiswuli, erTguli, misandobeli da qveli.

sindelTa mefis araki

sindelTa mefe qalaqis karebze gadmodga da xmamaRla da-

iZaxa : « vaxtang mefev, Sen im ugunur yvavs gavxar, romelmac ar-

wivis mier daWrili da daglejili qori ipova, romelsac afrena

ar SeeZlo da sikvdils iyo miaxlebuli. ar Seasrula im yvavma

is, rac yvavebis wesia. rodesac sxva yvavi qors naxavs, xmamaR-

la yivils iwyebs, rom sxvebs gaagonos. yvavebis simravle Tavs

daesxmis qors, rom TavianTi budidan gaaqcion da uSiSrad gaa-

taron TavianTi sicocxle.

yvavi amgvarad ar moiqca, aramed Seiwyala qori, rogorc

Tavisi keTilismyofeli. Tavi aneba Tavisi marTveebis gamozr-

das, [qors] yoveldRe uzidavda kaliasa da gvels, radgan yvavs

sxva ramis daWera ar SeuZlia da ase kvebavda qors. roca qors

frTebi gaezarda, Tavis gonebaSi Tqva: «mravali dRe kaliaTi da

gveliT vikvebebodi, Cemi winaprebis Zala ar momcemia, radgan ka-

liebiT ver gavZlierdebi. frinvelebis dawevna da miT Cemi Tav-

is gamozrda rom SevZlo, Cemi gamomzrdeli yvavi unda Sevipyra,

SevWamo da ori dRe davisveno, Zala momecema da Cveni winaprebis

149

msgavsad wesisamebr daviwyeb nadirobas~. aasrula es, Seipyra

yvavi da SeWama. iqidan moyolebuli did da swraf frinvelebze

daiwyo nadiroba. yvavma qeba ver daimsaxura mowyalebis gamo,

aramed ugnurad da Tavismkvlelad iTqmis igi. arc qors miuRia

yvedreba uwyaloebisa da sikeTis daviwyebis gamo, radgan aseTia

[ 191] qoris jiSi da wesi : kaliiT dasustdeboda da mokvdeboda,

wesisamebr qna da sikvdils gadaurCa., xolo yvavi wesisamebr ar

moiqca da amitomac mokvda.

sparselebi, romlebic dasabamidan aqamomde da Semdgom mi-

ukunisamde jvarismsaxurTa mtrebi arian, dro da Jamis Sesaf-

erisad, uRonoebis gamo mliqvnelurad giCveneben siyvaruls

da roca dro daudgebaT, ar gaixseneben wyalobasa da sikeTes.

wignebidan viciT es aTasjer momxdari. roca Cem mier dasuste-

buli sparselebi ixile, ar gaakeTe is, rac unda gagekeTebina :

sixaruli da Seni RmrTisTvis madlis Sewirva, sxva tomebisTvis

rCevis micema, sparselebze mtrebis waqezeba, sparseTis mtrebis

daxmareba. ar qeni es yovelive, aramed Seni winaprebis sayofeli

dagitovebia, saberZneTis saqristiano didi laSqris winamZRo-

li gamxdarxar, ori wlis gza gamogivlia, sparselTa damxmared

mosulxar, rom gaZlierdnen, dairazmon da gaganadguron Sen da

Seni qveyana da mospon yovelni jvrismsaxurni. WeSmaritad amas

amzadeb Seni TavisTvis da yvela jvrismsaxurisaTvis. rad giTx-

ari me Sen yvavis igavi? mefe xar TviTmpyrobeli da axovani da

Seni nebiT Seni Tavi mtrebisTvis monad migicia. rogor ar gamo-

vacxado ugunurad Seni Tavi?~.

vaxtang gorgaslis araki

maSin vaxtangma upasuxa: « Sen gegona, rom sibrZniT ganWvre-

tilad ilaparake, magram Seni sityvebi cru arian. me getyvi da

gauwyeb WeSmarits: ugunuro, Sen im mRrRnel Tagvs hgavxar,

romelsac Tvalebi ara aqvs. [192] misi soro miwis qveSaa, ar icis

150

mzis brwyinvaleba da mindvrebis mSveniereba da kmayofilia

Tavisi cxovrebiT, radgan iseTi hgonia yvela moZravis cxovre-

ba, rogorc TviTon cxovrobs. arc aqvs survili ixilos naTeli

da cisa da miwis mSveniereba.

Senc aseve brma xar gonebis TvaliT da yru _ gonebis yuriT.

ver xedav, arc gesmis, arc ici sulieri cxovreba. arc survili

ar gaqvs miaRwio saukuno cxovrebas, dausrulebel naTels, war-

moudgenel da miuwdomel didebas, arc icnob yovelives Semo-

qmed RmerTs, romlis mier Seiqmna yoveli.

am qveynad ar movsulvar wuTisoflis didebisaTvis, arc

sparsTa mefis msaxurebisaTvis, aramed dausabamo RmerTis,

sameba erTarsebis, yovelives dambadeblis msaxurebisaTvis, mo-

mavali dausrulebeli saukuno didebisaTvis. Tavdapirvelad,

Cemi aq mosvliT gamomixsnia ierusalimi, wmida qalaqi, sadac

fexi daabija ufalma Cvenma ieso qristem da yovelive iq aRas-

rula Cveni sulebis xsnisaTvis. Semdgom, mTeli saqristiano da-

mixsnia mooxrebisagan, radgan sparsTa mefes dro dasdgomoda

sruliad saqristianos dasapyrobad.

Tumca Cemi qveyana qristes ZaliT da laSqris mamacobiT

daculi iyo, magram berZnebs ar ecalaT da win ver aRudgebod-

nen. yvela qristes mosavis valia, rom Cveni erTi moyvasisTvis

suli davdoT. Cemi aq mosvliT ki aTasobiT sulia gadarCenili

{193] da es imitom gamikeTebia, rom dambadebelma RmerTma Cemi

msaxureba Seiwiros da Cemi codvebi Semimsubuqos. Sen rom Tqvi:

« sparselebi Tu momagrdnen, mtrebad gauxdebian qristianeb-

so~, me dRes qristes ZaliTa da SewevniT qristianebi didi Wiri-

sagan vixseni da amis Semdeg dambadebelma RmerTma kvlavac hyos

wyaloba mis mosavTa mimarT.

qristianeTa xsnis mizezic rom ar yofiliyo da sparselTa

dasaxmareblad movsuliyavi aq, esec saWiro iyo pirvelad naTe-

saobis gamo, Semdeg imisTvis, rom Tumca sparselebi WeSmariti

rjulisa ar arian, magram dambadebeli RmerTi ician da swamT

sulieri cxovreba. Tqven ki sruliad umecarni da ugulisxmo

151

xarT RmrTis mimarT, rogorc cxeni da jori. rogor ar Seiwiros

yovlis dambadebelma RmerTma Tavis msaxurebad?

Seni goneba amqveyniuri saqmeebisagan Seryvnilia. aqeb daun-

dobeli qoris saqciels, romelmac Tavisi gamzrdeli yvavi SeWa-

ma. xolo Cveni buneba iseTia, rom Cveni keTilismyofelisTvis

suli gavwiroT da RmrTisgan madli movigoT, saukuno cxovreba

vpovoT da amqveynad adamianTa qeba movipovoT. RmrTis saxeli-

sa da mcnebebisTvis Tu movkvdebiT , ukvdavni viqnebiT da

sikvdilidan sicocxleSi gadavalT ~.

maSin sindTa mefem Tqva: «cudia Cven Soris laparakis gagr-

Zeleba, magram Sen rom Tqvi : « Tu Cemi RmrTis saxelisaTvis

movkvdebi, sikvdilidan sicocxleSi gadavalo ~, maS, Tu adamian-

ma masze gadmomavali dideba da sikeTe icis, saWiroa, iswrafos

Sexvedra Tavis sufevasTan. axla ukve WeSmaritad ici, rom sa-

sufevelSi mixval. gamodi CemTan sabrZolvelad, raTa dRes

sikvdilidan sicocxleSi gadaxvide. Seni warCinebuli gamigza-

vnia Sens winamorbedad, rom samyofeli gagimzados ~. [194] vax-

tangma uTxra: « dRevandeli sikvdili sixarulad ar mimaCnia,

radgan codvili var da srulad ar Semisrulebia RvTis mcneba,

sinanuliT srulad ar aRmixocia Cemi codvebi, magram qristes

ZaliT Sengan sikvdilis ar meSinia, radgan igia Cemi mfarveli,

romlis mier sruliad daculi var. mravalmowyale RmerTma mis-

mieri mravali ZaliT, Cemi, misi monis, xeliT mogklas Sen, misi

mgmobari da Seni suli bneleTis garesknelSi, uSret cecxlSi

wavides ~.

maSin sindTa mefe gamovida. vaxtangma Tavisianebs uTxra:

« RmerTs evedreT da zurgis mxare gamimagreT ~. gavida vaxtan-

gi. orives xelSi Subebi ekava. daiwyes wreSi navardi, orive mar-

jve moments eZebda, rom Subis wvers mihyolodnen. sindTa mefem

daaxana vaxtangis Subis wverze miyola da Seutia, rom Subi ekra.

vaxtangi mxned da tanis simkvircxliT ganerida Subs da gasxl-

ta. Semourbina, rogorc grigalma da sindTa mefes marcxena beW-

ze hkra Subi. saWurvelis simagrem ver daifara da Rrma Wriloba

152

miiRo, winisken erTi wyrTa gautara. Camovarda sindTa mefe, vax-

tangi zed mivida, xeli mihyo, fexSi Caavlo da TreviT miiyvana

sparsTa mefesTan.

mTelma laSqarma xmamaRla qeba Seasxa vaxtangs. sparsTa mefe

da misi banaki sixarulma aitaca. warCinebulebi vaxtang mefesTan

modiodnen da ZRvens miarTmevdnen. sparselTa mefem mkurnali

ostati moayvanina da Tavze daayena sindTa mefes, rom Wrilobe-

bisgan ganekurna da misi meoxebiT mTeli sindeTi daesakuTre-

bina.. sindelebma TavianTi mefis nacvlad misi Ze daayenes.

[195] vaxtang mefem urCia sparsTa mefes gaeSva sindTa mefe,

aeRo xarki da mZevali, radgan sindeTs ver aiRebdnen. sparsTa

mefes moewona vaxtangis ganzraxva, gauSva sindTa mefe, misgan

orjer meti xarki aiRo, vidre indoelebisgan hqonda aRebuli,

mZevlad ori Svili aiyvana. sparsTa mefem sindelebis xarki

mTlianad vaxtangs uboZa.

maSin sindelTa mefe didi siyvaruliT dauaxlovda vaxtangs.

pirvelad, imis gamo, rom roca vaxtangis xelSi Cavarda, ar mok-

la da cocxlad miiyvana sparsTa mefesTan. meored, imis gamo,

rom vaxtangis mierve ganTavisuflda tyveobisagan. vaxtangs

ganuzomlad didZali ZRveni uboZa da sindeTSi Sesvlis meoTxe

wels wamovidnen sindeTidan. mooxrebas gadaurCnen sindeTis

qalaqebi : sindila, Tofori, kimrai.

sparsTa mefisa da vaxtangis Sesvla abaSeTSi

da maT mier abaSeTis dapyroba

iqidan movidnen abaSeTSi. abaSelebi cxovrobdnen qveyanaSi,

romelsac wyali da lerwmoani uvlida gars, verc navi da verc

oTxfexi ver gaivlida. sparseTis sazRvrebs emijnebodnen da

xangamoSvebiT ebrZodnen. wyali, romelic Sesdioda, gadauke-

tes da lerwmoani cecxliT gadawves. mTeli abaSeTi daipyres.

sparsTa mefem abeSelebi orad gahyo : naxevari adgilze datova,

153

naxevari wamoiyvana, daaxloebiT aTasi saxli da sxvadasxva adg-

ilze gaanawila. qurdebi arian is tomebi, romlebic abaSeTidan

wamoiyvana tyved.

[196] vaxtangi misi sparseTSi Sesvlis merve wels wamovida

antioqiaSi da urhaSi Sevida. sparselTa mefe vaxtangs colad

aZlevda Tavis mefeTagan [erT-erTis asuls]. magram vaxtangma

uTxra : « ar SeiZleba CemTvis ori colis yola, radgan me myavs

coli, keisris asuli ~. ewyina es xosro mefes, magram veraferi

uTxra. vaxtangma mSvidobianad ipova Tavisi deda da da, da wam-

ovidnen berZenTa da somexTa sazRvrebamde.

leon berZeni da misi laSqari SimSatSi wavida. vaxtangma

Tavisi colis, petre kaTalikosis da samoel episkoposis wa-

mosayvanad mociquli gaagzavna. vaxtangi qarTlSi wamovida, win

misi Ze daCi, masTan spasalarebi da maTTan erTad episkoposebi

miegebnen. roca episkoposma gaigo, rom mefem mociquli gaagza-

vna kaTalikosisa da episkoposebis mosayvanad, ewyina es, aRSfo-

Tda da gabrazda, mefesTan [mociquli] gaagzavna da uTxra : « Sen

qriste dagitovebia da cecxls Tayvansa scem ~. xolo vaxtangma

daubruna : « qristes ZaliT Sevedi da qristes ZaliTve simar-

TliT gamovedi, RmerTma icis, rom ubralo var. mociquli gav-

agzavne kaTalikosisa da episkoposebis mosayvanad ~.

episkoposma es rom gaigo, sinamdvileSi darwmunda. egona,

areulobiT davayovnebo im saqmes da maT mosvlas. dawyevla mefe

da mTeli misi laSqari. maSin mefem Tqva : « Tumca ubralo varT,

magram Tavmdabloba Segvefereba ~. mefe mivida, cxenidan Camoxta,

raTa fexebze mTxveoda episkoposs. man fexi aRmarTa, qusli hkra

mefes saxeze da kbili Caumtvria. mefem Tqva : « ampartavnobis es

Tavxedoba eSmakis sacTurebaa. [197] Tu Cemi codvebis simravlem

SegZra, borotebis [Cadenis] ufleba ki ar gaqvs, aramed Sendobi-

sa, rogorc ambobs saxareba : ar daSrito anTebuli patruqi, arc

daCeCqvili lerwami ar gatexo ~. Sen ggonia, rom Seni siveragiT

qristes siyvaruls dagvaSoreb. maSin gamoCnda cxadad, roca Senze

maRali [ierarqis] qarTlSi moyvana gaige, Surisagan borotad aReg-

154

zne, rogorc iuda petres mimarT., radgan Sen xar, rogorc iuda,

xolo eklesia, rogorc petre. vercxlismoyvare xar, radgan Senc

qristes fulis Semkrebi xar. axla migavlineb Sen patriarqTan kon-

stantinepolSi da rogorc saWiro iyos, gangikiTxos ~.

gadasca igi despanebs, masTan erTad Tavisi kbilic da SeuTv-

ala, rom saswrafod warmoavlinon kaTalikosi da Tormeti

episkoposi, maT Soris petre _ kaTalikosad da samoel _ episko-

posad da sxvebi, vinc undaT. roca miqel episkoposi miiyvanes,

mas patriarqma hkiTxa: « vinaidan Sens mier sisxli daiRvara am

qveynad, ar xar Rirsi, iyo episkoposi. mefis xel- yofisaTvis

sikvdilis Rirsi xar, rogorc ambobs : « daemorCileT Tqvens me-

feebs, radgan tyuilad ar abiaT xmali, radgan RmrTis meoxebiT

batonobs, rogorc lomi _ cxvris faraSi ~. miqel episkoposs

eqsoria uyves mRviZareTa monasterSi.

petre mRvdeli da samoel episkoposi antioqiaSi gaagzavnes.

mefem da konstantinepolis patriarqma antioqiis patriarqs

misweres : « pirvelad, romaeli dedakacis, ninos mier qarTlis

moqcevis dasawyisSi, gagzavnil iqna aqedan episkoposi, radgan

sparselTa da berZenTa Soris uTanxmoeba iyo da amitom rju-

lis Sesaferisad ver moagvares es saqme. Cven viciT, rom qarTli

da aRmosavleTi da CrdiloeTi imave wmida saydars ekuTvnian,

rac mociqulebma ganaweses saxarebaSi da rac aris uwinaresoba.

misweres [198] didi vaxtang mefis yoveli saqme, rom : « episko-

posi, romelic maT mier iyo dayenebuli, gadavayeneT da dRes

qarTli WeSmaritad axalmonaTlulad SeicaniT. axla maT mier

moTxovnili es ori akurTxe da am Tormetidan vinc Sen genebos,

is akurTxe, CvenTan wamovidnen, raTa Cven yovelgvari ZRveniT

da qonebiT gavuSvaT. antioqelma patriarqma akurTxa Tormeti

episkoposi da petre kaTalikosad.

movidnen konstantinepolSi, mefem didZali saboZvari gasca

da misca vaxtang mefes asuli, saxeliT elene da gamouSva igi

didZali laSqriT somxiTis sazRvramde. iq vaxtang mefe Seegeba,

berZenTa laSqari ukan mibrunda. wamovidnen mcxeTaSi.

155

vaxtang mefem mcxeTaSi aaSena mociqulTa eklesia sveticx-

oveli da daayrdno( !) svetze samxreTiT im adgilas, sadac daq-

ceuli iyo eklesia, didi sioni. iq dasves petre kaTalikosad,

samoeli _ episkoposad mcxeTis saepiskoposoSi.

erTi dasva episkoposad klarjeTSi, axizis eklesiaSi; erTi

_ eruSeTs, artanSi; erTi _ javaxeTSi, wundaSi; erTi _ mang-

lisSi; erTi _ bolnisSi; [199] erTi _ rusTavSi ; erTi _ ninow-

midaSi, ujarmis karze, romelic gorgaslis mier iyo aSenebuli ;

erTi _ mis mierve aSenebul WeremSi. iq orive eklesias Soris aa-

Sena qalaqi; erTi _ CeleTSi, romelic soflis Sua aaSena; erTi

_ xornabujSi da erTi _ agarakSi, romelic xunanis gaswvriv

aris.

amis Semdeg cecxlismsaxurebis [adgilTan] aaSena niqozis

eklesia da dasva episkoposi, sadac dafluli iyo wminda ra-

Jdenis gvami, romelic sparselTagan iwama vaxtangis brZolis

dros.

raJdeni iyo mamamZuZe vaxtangis colisa, sparsTa mefis

asulisa, romelic pirvelad hyavda colad. igi qristianobaze

moiqca da didad morwmune gaxda. igi brZolaSi Seupovari iyo.

sparselebma Seipyres da aiZulebdnen, rom uareyo qriste. man,

wmindam, waruvali dideba airCia da qristesTvis ewama.

vaxtangs berZeni colisagan hyavda sami Ze da ori asuli.

Tavis pirmSo Zes pirveli colisgan, daCis, misca qalaqebi Wer-

emi da nekresi, qalaqi kambeCovani, anu xornabuji da mtkvris

aRmosavleTiT mTeli qveyana. TviTon vaxtangi ujarmaSi dajda

da mravali nagebobiT aaSena igi. Tavisi da xvaranZe colad misca

somxiTis pitiaxSs, bakurs.

ramdenime drois Semdeg gardaicvala sparsTa mefe xosro da

mis nacvlad misi Ze xosro dajda. sparselebi Zalian gaZlierd-

nen, radgan vaxtangis wyalobiT yvela mteri daemorCiles. xos-

ro wamovida berZnebTan saomrad, vaxtangs mociquli gamougza-

vna da SemouTvala : [200] « mamaCemi gardaicvala da Cemma erma mis

taxtze me damsva mefed. Cemma uxucesebma mibrZanes, raTa SenTan

156

movide, Sens brZanebas davemorCilo da Sen gagviZRve, mefeo,

winamZRolad saberZneTSi Cveni Sesvlisas. Seni asuli momeci

colad, rom viyo erTi Seni SvilTagani ~. roca mociquli movida

vaxtang mefesTan, vaxtangi tfilis qalaqs aSenebda, mxolod sa-

fuZveli iyo Cayrili.

roca mociqulma mefis danabarebi gadasca, mefem Tqva:

« amazea naTqvami: « mWedelo, alese Seni maxvili, rom swrafad

ganewonos Sens sxeuls ~. vaxtangi maSin samoc wels iyo miR-

weuli. ase Tqva : « uTxari xosro mefes, Tavdapirvelad CvenTan

sabrZolvelad moemzade da ase Sedi saberZneTSi, rameTu Za-

lebi, romelic iqneba, yvela jvris ZaliT iqneba. aw iyos Cveni

cxovreba(gadarCena) jvarcmulis sasoebiT ~.

gaagzavna macneebi, raTa dastovon soflebi da qalaqebi,

romlebic gamagrebuli ar iyo da Tavi Seafaron kavkasions da

kaxeTs, radgan kaxeTi tyiani iyo da mtris mier Seuvali. daCi da

misi diswuli kaxeTSi gadavidnen da dadgnen lopotis mxareSi,

kldiT SemozRudul qveyanaSi( im soflis mcxovrebni cecxlisa

da wylis msaxurebi iyvnen, is kuTxe savse iyo mcxovreblebiT

vidre nosramde). xolo gorgaslis coli da Svilebi _ ujarmis

mxareSi. mewinave cixeSi TviTon dadga da masTan erTad juan-

Seri da adarnase. xolo mcxeTaSi demetre, nerse da bivritiani

datova. mociquli gaagzavna da keisars Seatyobina.

[201] sparselTa mosvla qarTlSi vaxtang gorgasalTan

saomrad da vaxtangis mier sparsTa mefis Svilis bartamis

mokvla

Semovida xosro mefe da Semusra qalaqi kambeCoani, Wermis

cixe, veliscixe. roca kaxeTs moaRwies, daibanakes iorze. vax-

tangis laSqari cixe-qalaqis garSemo velze dadga, romelsac

darfaki hqvia. ivris Tavze erTmaneTs Seebnen, sami dRis ganmav-

lobaSi ibrZodnen. orive laSqrisagan uricxvi daeca. vaxtangma

157

petre kaTalikoss mouwoda da uTxra : ~icode, rom xarkis mice-

mis mizniT ki ar gvebrZvian, aramed qristes datovebis mizniT.

me ase maqvs gadawyvetili, rom sicocxles sikvdili mirCevnia

qristes saxelisTvis, raTa gvqondes sasufeveli, maTTvis

aRTqmuli, romelTac eubneba: « romelmac CemTvis dados Tavi,

man povos igi ~.

petre kaTalikosma mas uTxra : ~gixilavs saqmeebi, romelnic

arcerT Sens naTesavTagans ar uxilavs, qristesmieri Sewevna.

rameTu icis Senma sibrZnem, rom Cveni gamomcdeli mteri edaveba

ufals Cvens gamo, rogorc iobis gamo. radgan RmerTi warsawymen-

dad miuSvebs Tavis moZulebulebs, xolo Tavis rCeulebs _ gan-

RmrTobisaTvis. iyavi, rogorc RmerTma girCios, Tu ar mokvdeb-

iT, movkvdeT ~. am sityviT gaagebina, rom brZola ar gaagrZelos

da uTxra : mxolod qarTli ki ar dawiokdeba, aramed ierusalimic,

romelic yvela naTlisSvilebis mSobelia ~.

mefem uTxra : `dadeqi wmida raJdenis eklesiaSi, romelic

ujarmis rabaTze avaSene da veWvob, rom ujarmis garSemo

qalaqebi daecnen, [202] radgan mtkice da Zlieri zRudeebi Se-

movavleT ~. kaTalikosi asec moiqca. yvela wmida episkoposi iq

Seikriba.

vaxtangis laSqari oras ormoci aTasi kaci iyo, xolo

sparselebisa _ Svidas ormoci aTasi. vaxtangma laSqari samad

gahyo : kldis mxares qveiTebi daayena, erT mxares pitiaxSebi da

spaspeti moavlina, da sadac sparselTa mefe iyo, iq TviTon vax-

tangi mivida asi aTasi mxedriT.

naTel, unislo Rames vaxtangi Tavs daesxa sparselebs da Tav-

isianebs mimarTa: «yoveli kaci, romelic sikvdils gadaurCeba

da Cveni mtris Tavs an xels ar gamoitans, igi Cven mier mokvdeba~.

ciskari rom dgeboda, Tavs daesxa [mters] da mefis palatamde

SeaRwia. mefis karavSi Sevida, mefem cxenze aaswro. misi Ze barta-

mi mokla da Tavi mohkveTa. iq viRac sparsma isari hkra vaxtangs

mkerdze. brZola SuadRemde gagrZelda. vaxtangma sZlia sparse-

lebs, daxoca as ocdaaTi aTasi kaci, xolo vaxtangis laSqrisa-

158

gan mokvda ocdarva aTasi. wamoiyvanes asi aTasi naalafevi cxeni,

mTlianad ver wamoiyvanes simravlis gamo. sparsTa mefe aiyara

iqidan da rusTavSi Cadga. vaxtangs Wriloba gaurTulda, radgan

isari filtvSi iyo SeRweuli. ujarmaSi wavida. qarTlis spasala-

rebs ubrZana, rom adgilze darCeniliyvnen.

sparselebma Seityves, rom vaxtangi Wrilobebisgan cudad

iyo. moaoxres tfilisi da armazi qarTli, xolo mcxeTa ver

daipyres. magram rac zRudis gareT iyo, moaoxres, isic, romel-

ic muxnaridan da aragvis xerTvisze iyo.

[202] mokvda berZenTa mefe, vaxtangis simamri. mefed dajda

misi Ze zenoni. igi sperSi gamovida qarTlSi wamosasvlelad.

roca vaxtangis cudad yofna gaigo, karnu qalaqSi dadga. xosro

iq mivida. Seibnen xosro da keisari karniforaSi. orive laSqris-

gan imdeni daixoca, rom sisxlis mdinareebi dadga. amis gamo

ewoda am adgils karnifora, anu sisxlis muceli. erTmanerTi

ver daamarcxes, radgan orives laSqari daixoca. xosro qarT-

lis gzaze mibrunda.

vaxtangma sikvdilis moaxloeba igrZno, ixmo kaTalikosi,

Tavisi coli, Svilebi, yvela warCinebuli da uTxra: «me mival

Cemi RmrTis winaSe da vmadlob mis saxels, rom Tavis siwmideebs

ar momaklo. Tqven gauwyebT, rom mtkiced idgeT sarwmunoebaze

da qristesTvis sikvdils eZiebdeT, raTa waruvali dideba moi-

goT ~.

yvela warCinebuls uTxra: «qarTlis mkvidrno, moigoneT Cemni

sikeTeni, pirvelad Cemi saxlis mier rom miiReT saukuno naTeli,

me amqveyniuri didebiT gadideT Tqven, Cemni naTesavni. Cvens sax-

ls nu SeuracxyofT da berZenTa siyvaruls nu daTmobT~.

Tavis Zes, daCis uTxra: «Sen xar Cemi pirmSo, SenTvis momi-

cia Cemi mefobis gvirgvini. Seni ZmebisTvis nawilad mimicia ta-

Siskaridan da wundidan vidre somxiTamde da saberZneTamde.

afxazeTis teritoria, romelic egriswyalsa da klisuras Sua

mdebareobs, igi Seni Zmebis [204] dedisa aris, is maT hqondes da

iyvnen erisTavebi Seni morCilebis qveS~.

159

ixmo wundis erisTavi, nasari da klarjeTis erisTavi, ar-

tavazi, oZrxisis erisTavi, bivritiani da maT miando Tavisi

coli elene da Tavisi Svilebi, romelTac erqvaT leoni da

mirdati da cremliTa da RmrTis mzeriT Seavedra samTave eri-

sTavs.

warCinebulebs da mTel ers sasjelis dRe daudgaT, Tav-

Si xels irtyamdnen, nacars iyridnen, TavisTvis sikvdils na-

trobdnen. tirilisa da godebis xmisagan miwa iZvroda. morwmune

eri Senatroda mefes, radgan qristesTvis mokvda. vaxtangi gar-

daicvala. dakrZales mcxeTaSi,

sakaTalikoso eklesiaSi svetTan, sadac ganisvenebs RmrTiv-

aR mar Tuli svetis mfarvelobis qveS(!).

CanarTi 1

saflavze gamosaxulia misi saxe, misi asakis Sesaferisi. axla

rac abjari da samoselia, aqedan ufro nacnobia.

ocdameToTxmete mefe, daCi,

vaxtang gorgaslis Ze, xosroiani

taxtze dajda misi Ze, daCi. vaxtangis coli da ori Ze samma

erisTavma waiyvana da daikaves qarTlis dasavleTi, [205] romelic

maT vaxtangma misca. zafxulobiT qalaq wundaSi iyvnen, zamTro-

biT _ oZrxeSi. isini mefeebad ar wodebulan, aramed erisTavTa

mTavrad da emorCilebodnen TavianT Zmas, mefe daCis.

daCi mefem daiwyo qarTlis aRdgena, radgan mooxrebuli iyo

qarTlis yoveli kuTxe, garda kaxeTis, klarjeTis da egrisisa,

daasrula tfilisis zRudeebi da rogorc vaxtangs hqonda nabr-

Zanebi, is samefo saxlad Seqmna.

gardaicvala petre kaTalikosi da dajda samoeli. mefem mas

mcxeTa ganukuTna, radgan ase hqonda nabrZanebi mefe vaxtangs.

mefe daCim moiwvia kaxeTis mTiulebi, raTa eRiarebinaT qriste.

160

magram maT ar inebes da gandgnen nopatelebi. vaxtangis ori Zisa-

gan, romlebic berZeni colisgan iyvnen naSobni, erTi, saxelad

leoni, gardaicvala da darCa mxolod mirdati. mirdats misma

Zmam daCim garigeba SesTavaza. mefem qveyana gaucvala, mirdats

misi deduli, saberZneTis teritoria egriswyalsa da klisuras

Sua, gamoarTva, da sanacvlod misca javaxeTi faravnidan mt-

kvramde. mirdatma, vaxtangis Zem, daikava [miwa-wyali] faravnidan

da taSiskaridan vidre speris zRvamde da iq erisTavobda. emor-

Cileboda Tavis Zmas, daCis. man javaxeTSi wyarosTavis eklesia

aaSena. gardaicvala daCi mefe.

[206] ocdameTxuTmete mefe bakuri,

Ze daCi mefisa, xosroiani

mefed dajda misi Ze bakuri. gardaicvala bakuri.

ocdameTeqvsmete mefe, farsmani,

Ze bakur mefisa, xosroiani

mefed dajda misi Ze farsmani. gardaicvala kaTalikosi

samoeli. kaTalikosad dajda TavfeCagi. gardaicvala TavfeC-

agi. kaTalikosad dajda Cermagi.

vaxtangis droidan moyolebuli am mefeebs mSvidobiani droe-

ba hqondaT. mirdatis Svilebi daCis Svilebs emorCilebodnen.

farsmanis mefobis dros sparselebi movidnen, moaoxres qar-

Tli da rani. qarTvelTa mefem farsmanma sparsTa mefes sTxova,

rom ar moeoxrebina eklesiebi da qarTli daetovebina qristes

rjulze. radgan im dros berZnebi dakavebuli iyvnen: dasav-

leTidan mtrebi mosdgomodnen, [maT] ar SeeZloT qarTvelebi-

sTvis daxmarebis aRmoCena da sparselebisTvis winaaRmdegobis

gaweva. sparsTa mefem ismina misi vedreba da eklesiebi ar Semus-

161

ra. farsmanma werilobiT aRuTqva mas morCileba da msaxureba.

sparsTa mefe wavida.

[207] im droidan vaxtang mefis modgma gaiyo, radgan daCis

Svilebi sparselebs emorCilebodnen, xolo mirdatis Svilebi

_ berZnebis morCilebis gzas daadgnen.

gardaicvala farsmani da mefed dajda misi Zmiswuli, isic

saxelad farsmani.

ocdameCvidmete mefe, farsmani,

Zmiswuli farsman mefisa,

xosroiani

igi morwmune iyo, rogorc misi mamis Zma da umata eklesiebis

Semkobas.

CanarTi

qarTvelebma iustinianes sTxoves, rom kaTalikosad qarT-

veli erovnebis warmomadgenlebi damsxdariyvnen, radgan kaTa-

likosebi saberZneTidan modiodnen. iustinianem werili dawera

da Tavisi beWdiT dabeWda, rom kaTalikosad qarTveli erovne-

bis [pirebi] damsxdariyvnen da yvela eklesiasa da mRvdelTmTa-

varze ufrosoba hqonodaT.

gardaicvala kaTalikosi Cermagi. farsman mefem dasva saba.

amieridan saberZneTidan ar mohyavdaT kaTalikosi, aramed

warCinebuli STamomavlobis qarTvelebi sxdebodnen. gardaicv-

ala kaTalikosi saba mefem kaTalikosad dasva evlale.

imave farsmanis dros SuamdinareTidan movida iovane,

romelsac ewoda zedazneli, qarTlis ganmanaTlebeli da rju-

lis ganmwmedeli, eklesiaTa maSenebeli, romelmac mravali sas-

wauli da sakvirveleba moimoqmeda, man da misma mowafeebma, rom-

lebmac gaakvirves yvela qarTveli. daiwera maTi cxovreba da

saswaulebi da daido qarTlis eklesiebSi.

162

I CanarTi

wmida mowafeebis saxelebi: iovane zedazneli, daviT gare-

jeli, stefane xirseli, ioseb alaverdeli, zenon iyalToeli,

anton martomyofeli, ise wilkneli, TaTe stefanwmideli,

Sio mRvimeli, isidore samTavneli, abibos nekreseli, miqel

ulumbeli, piros breTeli da elia diakoni. sxvac mravali

daemowafa wmida mamas, wmida kacebi da sulieri mamebi dahyu-

neT (!) droisa. oTxas oci wlis Semdeg gamoikiTxa da gamoiZia

Cvenma wmida mamam arseni qarTlis kaTalikosma. zogi ram wigne-

bidan amovikiTxeT, zogi ki maTi saqmeebiT gagvegona. aRvwereT

am wminda mamebis cxovreba da moRvaweoba CvenTvis, morwmunee-

bisTvis, gasacnobad da wmida samebis sadideblad, aw da maradis,

da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin.

II CanarTi

daviwyoT mokled maTi cxovreba.

iovane iyo SuamdinareTis qveynidan. ar viciT, vin iyvnen misi

mSoblebi, magram mxolod zeciuri mama iyo misi mSobeli. gaiz-

arda da yovelive swavluleba SeiTvisa. Seimko sruli saTnoe-

biT. amitom mas RmrTis mier mieniWa avadmyofobaTa mkurnaloba,

eSmakTa gandevna, mis mier mravali saswauli sruldeboda.

vinaidan mravali wyena miadga, amitom udabnoSi gaiqca da

iq daisadgura. iq angelozisgan brZaneba miiRo, rom Tormeti

mowafiTurT qarTlSi wasuliyo. movida mcxeTaSi. mefis br-

ZanebiT da kaTalikosis kurTxeviT zadenis mTaze avida da iq

berad Sedga. im mTaze Tavidanve kerpebi iyo aRmarTuli da ami-

tom eSmakebis simravle damkvidrebuliyo. wmida mamis iovanes

locviT yvela gandevnil iqna im mTidan. Tavisi mowafeebi suli-

wmidis winamZRvrobiT zogi qarTlSi, zogi _ kaxeTSi da zogi _

garejis udabnoSi.

[209] Cveni Rirsi mama iovane mxolod erTi mowafiTurT iq

darCa. eSmakisgan mravali winaaRmdegoba da gansacdeli gad-

aitana da yvelaferze gamarjvebuli aRmoCnda.

163

amis Semdeg im xriok mTaze RmerTma misi locviT wyaro gamo-

adina, romlis smiT da cxebiT mdabio xalxidan mravali sneuli

ganikurna.

Semdeg mSvidi laparakiT wyaroze mdgomi daTvi gaaqcia da

mas Semdeg dRevandlamde im mTis daTvebi aravis kacTagans ar

erCian. ase morjuldnen mouTvinierebeli daTvebi.

mas didi xnis sapyari mohgvares da misi locviT myis gani-

kurna. sxva kaci moiyvanes, romelsac simunjis eSmaki hyavda

Semjdari. iloca misTvis, myis dastova igi eSmakma da moSorda.

is kaci ganikurna da adidebda RmerTs. misi mravali saswauli-

dan es mciredi vTqvi.

roca movida Jami misi xorcTagan gansvlisa, mouwoda elia

diakons da sxva Tavis mowafeebs, daariga da gaamxneva. ixila

zecis mxedroba, masze gadmosuli, maT Seavedra Tavisi suli

da mSvidad miiZina.misi wminda gvami Semures da miabares Tavis

sayofels, sadac iRvawa, im mTaze. misi gardacvalebis Semdeg

mravali saswauli moxda, romelTa Sesaxeb wminda iovanes sruli

cxovreba mogviTxrobs.

*

wminda mama daviTi SuamdinareTis qveynidan iyo. araferi

viciT misi mSoblebis Sesaxeb. igi damowafebuli iovanesTan er-

Tad movida da erT mowafesTan erTad, romlis saxelia luki-

ane, garejis udabnoSi wavida, romlis mzis sicxe da zamTris

yinvebi friad mravali moiTmines. amis Semdeg, rogorc didi

basilis mama, irmebis mier gamoizardnen. sami deda iremi Tavi-

anT nukrebTan erTad modioda, wvelidnen da mis xaWos Wamdnen.

magram oTxSabaTobiT da paraskeobiT ar modiodnen. cota xnis

Semdeg erTi nukrTagani STanTqa mZvinvare veSapma, romelic

kldis napralTa Soris ReleSi iyo dabudebuli, romelic davi-

Tis sityviT gandevnil iqmna da yaraiis velze mexistexiT dai-

wva. didebuli bubaqari, kakbebze nadirobisas, wmindans gadae-

yara da misi maxviliT mokvla undoda. gamarTuli xeli gauxmo

164

da imave wmindanis vedrebiT rogorc uvnebeli kvlav aRudga.

amis gamo gavarda xma mis Sesaxeb da mravali adamiani daemowafa.

mravali Wa amoTxares.

[210] Rirsi dodoc movida da masTan daivana. amis Semdeg wmin-

dam mware wylebi daatkbo, romelnic dRemde dian berTubnis mo-

nastris garSemo. mravali saswauli aRasrula. Semdeg fexiT wav-

ida wminda qalaq ierusalimSi. borcvebidan rac Canda, iq ar in-

eba Casvla, aramed iqidan motrialda, Tayvani sca, sami qva aiRo,

abgaSi Caido da gamoemarTa. amis Sesaxeb patriarqma Cveneba ixi-

la. wmindans malemsrboli kacebi daawies, ori qva CamoarTves da

erTi dautoves, igi movida da moitana is qva. misi saswauli an-

gelozis mier ecnoba patriarqs: ar mieca sami qva, aramed wminda

qalaqis mesamedi madli aq, udabnoSi moetana, vinaidan aq samgzis

locva Tanasworia erTgzis ierusalimSi Casvlisa. amis Semdeg

RmerTs Seavedra Tavisi suli da misi wminda gvami mis samyofSi,

garejis monasterSi daimarxa. misi Rvawli da saswaulebi sru-

lad mis srul cxovrebaSi weria. wminda mamis daviTis sicocx-

leSive kaxeTidan movida wminda mama dodo da misve wminda mamis

udabnoSi wavida, iq damkvidrda. aaSena friad didi monasteri,

romelzec mravali Sroma da Rvawli daxarja. mis saswaulze,

cxovrebasa da Rvawlze misi cxovreba mogviTxrobs. amis Semdeg

Tavisi suli RmerTs Seavedra da misi wminda gvami missave samyo-

felSi daimarxa.

*

wminda Sio qalaq antioqiidan iyo. yrmobidanve miatova

amqveyniuri cxovreba da daemowafa mama iovanes. vinaidan wminda

iovane saRmrTo sulis winamZRolobiT qarTlSi wamovida, Rirs-

ma Siom ar miatova Tavisi sulieri mama da masTan erTad wamovi-

da. movida qarTlSi, qalaq mcxeTaSi, myudroebisa da martomyo-

fobis mosurne iyo. wminda Siom kaTalikosisa da mama iovanesgan

Sendoba iTxova da mcxeTis dasavleTiT wavida, mdinare mtkvris

marjvena mxares, Zalian Rrma xevSi, romelsac mRvime ewode-

165

ba. mzis sicxisa da zamTris yinvisagan kani uskdeboda. kldeSi

gamokveTili gamoqvabuli ipova da mas Seafara Tavi sicxisa

da yinvisagan. vinaidan saxierma RmerTma ar ugulebel-yo misi

Rvawli, rogorc elia gamozarda yornis daxmarebiT, iseve aqac

mtredis mier yoveldRe sazrdeli miecemoda. amis Semdeg, erT

dRes mdidari da saCino kaci, saxelad evagre, frinvelze sanad-

irod gamovida. kldis Tavze martod mdgomma sakvebis mimtani

mtredi naxa, Tvalebi miapyro da Tavis gonebaSi gaukvirda.

meore dRes iseve naxa, rogorc pirvelad da mtredis kvals

gahyva. naxa momuSave beri, moewona beris moTmineba da masTan

ganSoreba ar isurva. uTxra: «mamao, Rirs myav, rom SenTan dav-

emkvidro, raTa myudroebaSi davasrulo Cemi dReebi~. wminda

Siom mas uTxra: «aiRe Cemi kverTxi, Tu mdinare amier da imier

gzas mogcems, wyali gaipoba, uflis neba aris, modi aq da Tu gza

ar geqneba, iyavi saxlSi da rwmenis mosurned (sarwmunod mnebe-

belad (!). moses msgavsad wavida ganmgebi (damkvalianebeli!)

saxlidan, kverTxma mtkvari orgzis ganapo. evagre ukan mouxe-

davad avida mama SiosTan, rogorc loTi sodomSi, SiSiT, rom

marilis Zeglad ar qceuliyo. moTmineba, locva, uZiloba da

monazonebrivi Rvawli aswavla. amis Semdeg wminda Siom uTxra:

«Svilo evagre, gvWirdeba eklesia, sadac ufals endomeba, rom

RmrTis mvedrebelni avidnen~. kldis wveris Tavze marcxena xe-

lze sakmeveli da cecxli daiyara, marjveniT jvari gamosaxa,

kldis wveridan daSvebisas sakmevlis kvamliT ipova adgili, sa-

dac ufals eklesia surda da yovlad wmida RmrTis dedis say-

dari aaSena. evagre monazoni gaxda. yvelgan gaiTqva maTi ambavi.

garSemo soflebidan sxva uricxvi adamianebi movidnen samonaz-

vnod. yovelgvari sazrdo, wyalic sazidi iyo. tvirTis gadasa-

tanad virebi hyavdaT. mglebs ubrZana da mglebi mwyemsavdnen

virebs. erT dRes konon beris viri sadgomSi ar mivida: kldeze

gadaCexiliyo. berma wminda Sios uTxra: `ra hqeni es, mgeli vire-

bis mwyemsad rogor daayene? imas SeuWamia~. mgeli daCveuli iyo,

virebs rom miiyvanda, berebi purs daufSvnidnen da Wamda. axla

166

datuqsvili TrTis, beris kalTas wasayvanad eWideba. wahyva, naxa

kldis Tavze napralebSi dagorebuli viri usulod ido. mgeli

gaanTavisufla, ubrZana: `nu iqnebi am adgilas zianis momtanad~.

es saswaulebi dRevandlamdea SemorCenili, rameTu gareuli mx-

ecebi veras avneben saqonels. sxvac mravali saswauli aRasru-

la.

amis Semdeg berebis mamad evagre ganawesa. TviTon kacTagan

miuval jurRmulSi, bnel mRvimeSi Cavida. rogorc gamoTqves

misi simxne da moTmineba, locva, eSmakebisgan gansacdelis miRe-

ba, cremli da uflis mimarT vedreba _ amaSi keTilad aRasrula

Tavisi cxovreba. mRvdlisagan ganwmeda iTxova da ufalTan wav-

ida da iqve iqna mimRebeli (!), [ 212] sadac Rvawli aRasrula da

dResac Cans misi saflavi, qarTvelTa saso. yovel wels aRmocen-

deba misi nawilebi morwmuneTa gasamxneveblad da urwmunoTa ga-

sakvirveblad. sanam cocxali iyo, mravali saswauli aRasrula.

didi aragvis mdinare ganapo, koWli gaatara, ganrisxebuli mefe

daamSvida, arawmidaTagan vnebuli gankurna, uSviloebs Svili

mianiWa, Ze igi kaTalikosi gaxada. misi wminda gvami daifla mRvi-

meSi, romelic misi samyofeli da samoRvaweo iyo.

*

wminda mama ise wilkneli wminda mama iovanes mowafe iyo. ar

viciT misi mSoblebi, arc sadaurobis adgili, mxolod es viciT,

rom iovanes mohyva Tan da didi iZulebis Semdeg qarTlis kaTa-

likosma mRvdelTmTavrad akurTxa muxranis mxareSi, sofel

wilkanSi, wminda RvTismSoblis saydarSi. swavliT mravali ur-

wmuno moaqcia, Tavis samwysoSi moZRvreba da qadageba gaSala. im

dabaSi uwylobisagan sasowarkveTilebi iyvnen, radgan qsani Sors

iyo. maT Sua tye da maRali gora iyo. erT dRes [saydarSi] Sesul-

ma dedaRmrTisas xatis winaSe vedreba warmoTqva, aiRo Tavisi

kverTxi, qsnis napiras mivida, wyals ubrZana: «Cveni uflis ieso

qristes da mariam RvTismSoblis ZaliT gibrZaneb, mdinareo,

gadmodi, Cems kvals Seudeqi da mohyevi kverTxis wvers~. gauval

167

da ugzo adgils Semoudga, monasaviT mohyveboda, wilknis bo-

lomde wamoiRo wyali, romelic dRevandlamde dis.

amis Semdeg uflis meoxebiT mravali Rvawli ganfina, six-

aruliT wavida, mRvdelTmoZRvrobis pativi aRasrula, Rirsi

wmida suli ufals Seavedra. yovlad patiosani misi gvami miiRo

wilknis monasterma, romelic aqamde Cans qarTvelTa sasod da

Sesavedreblad.

*

mama antoni Suamdinareli, mama iovanes mowafe, berebs So-

ris friad saTno da gamoCenili iyo. aman, yovlad sanatrelma,

Cveni uflis ieso qristes wmida xati (!), romelic Tavisi saxis

[nimuSad, formad (!)] tiloze gamosaxa da avgarozs sawadeli

Seusrula (!). amaRlebis Semdeg Tadeosis xeliT gaugzavna da

Seyrili keTrisagan gankurna. mTeli Tavisi saxleuliT Tadeo-

sis mier naTel-iRo. mis Semdeg avgarozs Ze da mis Zes SviliS-

vili Seenacvlnen mxolod mefobiT da ara RmrTismsaxurebiT,

radgan RmrTismsaxurebisagan gandgomili iyvnen da eSmakebis

Cvenebebs iyvnen damonebuli. rac avgarozs eSmakebisTvis uqnia:

rogor Semusra da ganudga _ amisTvis undoda Suris geba, rom

miuzRos eSmakebs Zveli msxverplSewirvis damxobis saxe nacv-

lad sauflo xatis damxobisa (!), romelic avgarozma qalaqis

bWeebze aRmarTa, sadac aRmarTuli iyo bilwi kerpi. iq daasvena

ficarze gadakruli tilos xati, raTa yvela SigniT Semsvlels

Tayvani-eca. maSin avgarozis bilwma SviliSvilma dRekeTilobis

nacvlad usaxuroba airCia, uaryo xati igi da eSmakebs Seudga.

Caifiqra qristes xatis Tvis, rom warewymida igi.

qalaqis episkoposma gaigo im borotis ganzraxva da Rirseuli

da im drois Sesaferisi gangeba gamoitana. sadac xati esvena, ka-

maredi iyo, wminda episkoposma anTebuli kandeli dadga taZris

safarvelad, xatis win keci aRmarTa, kamaris kari amoqola, gamu-

ra, ise, rom axlo manZilzec sruliad ar etyoboda. ukanaskneli

dReebis Semdeg sparsTa mefe xosro moadga edesia qalaqs, zRudis

168

gamoTxra daiwyo. undoda, ise Sesuliyvnen, rom ver gaegoT, rom

ebrZvian. maSin RmerTma ar daiviwya utyuveli aRTqma, romelic

aRuTqva: «me edesiis zRude var~. Tavisi dambadeblis meoxebiT

qalaqis episkoposs, evlaviozs, deda RmrTisa gamoecxada da

uTxra: «romeliRac bWeze aris xelTuqmneli da dafaruli xati~.

episkoposma rom gaiRviZa, WeSmaritad gaigo ZilSi nanaxi Cveneba.

dilaze litaniiT wavida im adgilas da ipova sruliad dauziane-

beli wminda xati. amdeni drois ganmavlobaSi kandeli mis winaSe

anTebuli iyo. kandelis zeTi qalaqis mebrZolebze gadaawveTes

da meyseulad, rogorc ki [mteri] miuaxlovda maT, moedo da dai-

wvnen, gaibnen, rogorc mtveri da gauCinardnen.

xolo kecze, romelic xatis safarvelad iyo aRmarTu-

li, gamosa xuli iyo sxva xati, wminda sauflo xatis msgavseba,

romelic Tanabrad pativ-icemeboda, igi nestorianTa eklesiaSi

iqna dasvenebuli.

wminda antonma gamoikiTxa Tavisi moZRvris gza, sinamdvile

Seityo da gaigo, rom sxva mowafeebTan erTad, romelTac axla

movixsenebT: daviTi, dodo, Sio antioqelebi da iovanes rva sxva

mowafe, romlebic erTi adgilidan iyvnen wamosuli, somxiTSi,

CrdiloeTis mxares wavida. es gaigo wminda antonma, Tavisi moZ-

Rvris siyvarulma aitaca. isic umZimda Tavis gulSi, rom sauflo

xati nestorianelebis eklesiaSi esvena. aiRo keci, romelic xatis

safarvelad iyo da xatad qmniliyo. angelozis winamZRolobiT

da zecieri SetyobinebiT uCinrad wamoiyvana CrdiloeTSi, mi-

aRwia mtkvars, gadaiara igi da daemkvidra aRmosavleTis mxares,

kldis daaxloebiT oTxi aTasi nabijis odena napralSi, akrianis

mTebSi. ioanes garSemo iyo daaxloebiT xuTi aTasi nabijis odena

(naprali?), Sios garSemo _ daaxloebiT cxra aTasi nabijis odena,

daviT-dodos garSemo _ daaxloebiT cameti aTasi nabijis ode-

na. wminda antons iqve Tavis gamosakvebad irmebi hyavda. mTa iyo

uwylo da tyiani, qalaqi _ daaxloebiT erTi aTasi nabijis odena,

mcire. es irmebi mindorSi midiodnen, dro rom movidoda, Sin mo-

diodnen, wvelavda. mwyemsebiviT [214] droze modiodnen. mxolod

169

erTxel damfrTxalebi udrood movidnen, ukan daWrili nukri

mosdevdaT. wmindans es gaukvirda da Tavis gulSi Tqva: «vis sad

gadaeyara?~. ar icoda, rom qalaqi iyo axlos da rogorc adami-

anebs, bundovnad naxvisas uTxra (!): «ra aris es?~ maT, rogorc

metyvelebma, Tavis gadaweviT uTxres: «gamogvyevi da giCvenebT~.

gahyva maT kvals, im adgilas mivida, sadac maT Sexvda. da aha, im

dabis mTavari sanadirod modioda, win Semoeyara da hkiTxa: «vin

xar?~ wmindani xeliT uCvenebda, sadac imyofeboda da rasac

akeTebda, radgan ena ar icoda.

maSin mTavarma uTxra: «me Seni ena ar mesmis da romeli xe-

liTac melaparakebi, magasac mogkveTav~. da ubrZana: «waiyvaneT

mWedelTan~ .roca miiyvanes, mWedelma SanTi gaaxura da momarTa,

rom xeli moekveTa. [igi] qvemoT daeca da xelebi SeSasaviT gauS-

eSda. maSin wmindanma xeli gamoswia, nakvercxali xeliT aiRo,

miuSvira da uTxra: «gaakeTe, rac adre gibrZanes~. igi SekrTa

am saSinel sanaxaobaze. saswrafod Seatyobines mTavars, yoveli

nanaxi uambes. man brZana, rom masTan mieyvanaT. roca miiyvanes,

uTxra mas: «Tqvi, ra ginda da yvelafers mogcem~. man patara qva

aCvena, daaxloebiT sameuli (!) da lokva dauwyo. mixvdnen, rom

marili undoda da moutanes mxolod ori gautexeli qva. man erTi

girvanqa moatexa, wavida da Tavis furebs aalokina. iyo xatTan

Tavisi cxovrebis aRsasrulamde. wmindanTa Soris gardaicvala,

sauflo xati Cevn dagvitova. dRevandlamde uCinrad aris da

cxadad saswaulTmoqmedebs ise, rom ufro advilia zRvis qviSis

aRricxva, vidre sauflo xatis sakvirvelebebisa. magram vinaid-

an mxolod RmerTia saswaulTa moqmedi, mxolod man uwyis misi

saswaulebis simravle. solomonic rom iyos, verc igi SesZlebs

aRricxvas, mxolod RmerTi oden.

CanarTi

1. xaskunebis gandgoma

im dros, roca TviTmpyrobeli iustinianosi, berZenTa

mefe, oseTis mxareSi, abazgiis sazRvrebTan gandgomil xas-

170

kunTa tomebs ebrZoda, iustinianosma didZali qoneba miuZRvna

qarTvelTa mefes, farsmans da sTxova, mTeli Tavisi ZalebiT

daxmareboda mis mxedrobas da SebrZoleboda xaskunebs. far-

smanma ismina berZenTa mefis vedreba, Tavisi samefos mcvelad

evagre datova, TviTon wavida da RvTis SewevniT xaskunTa tomi

daimorCila. Sepyrobili maTi mTavrebi iustinianesTan gaagza-

vna, Semdeg Tavis samefoSi dabrunda.

2. mexuTe msoflio kreba

iustinianes mefobis ocdameeqvse wels, qristes aqeT 527 wels,

romis wminda papis vigiliosis zeobaSi, konstantinepolSi Sedga

mexuTe kreba, romelsac as samocdaxuTi wminda mama eswreboda.

[krebas] winamZRvrobdnen evtiqios konstantinepoleli, apoli-

nari aleqsandrieli, domnos antioqeli da adgilis Semavseblad

ierusalimelebi: stefanos, giorgi da damianos episkoposebi.

Seikribnen origenistebis da maTi momxreebis, didimosis da

evagresTvis, romelnic SeaCvenes da daamxes.

3. afxazTa moqceva

imave iustinianes mefobis dros afxazebic ukeTesobisken

Seicvalnen da qristianobis qadageba Seiwynares, radgan me-

fis palatebSi iyo erTi afxazi warmoSobis saWurisi, saxeliT

evfrata, romelic mefem maTTan gaagzavna saqadageblad da

aRTqmis gadasacemad, rom amieridan maTi modgmis arc erT ma-

makacs rkiniT ar waerTmeboda mamakacoba., radgan mravali maT-

gani samefo sawolis msaxuri iyo, romelTac Cveuleba saWuriss

uwodebs. iustinianem afxazeTSi, biWvinTaSi wmida RmrTismSob-

lis taZari aaSena, iq mRvdlebi daadgina, raTa sayovelTaod as-

wavlidnen qristes rjuls.

xolo Cven pirvelsave sityvas davubrundeT.

mirian mefis mefobidan vidre meore farsmanamde oras or-

mocdaaTma welma gaiara. gardaicvala 14 mefe. vaxtangidan moy-

olebuli gardaicvala rva kaTalikosi. gardaicvala farsmani

da mefed dajda misi Ze bakuri.

171

ocdameTvramete mefe, bakuri,

Ze farsman mefisa, xosroiani

bakuri iyo morwmune da eklesiebis maSenebeli. man Tavis

samefoSi eklesiebi da mRvdlebi gaamravla da qarTli yovelg-

vari urwmunoebisagan gawminda.

gardaicvala kaTalikosi evleviozi, mefem kaTalikosad

dasva makari.

im dros sparseTSi mefobda urmizdi.

[217] im dros somxiTSi iyo erTi kaci, mTavarTa Svili, saxelad

vasqeni. mas colad hyavda mTavarTa Svili, saxelad SuSaniki,

vardanis asuli. vasqens eSmaki Seujda da cecxlismsaxurebaze

gadasvla ganizraxa. sparsTa mefesTan wavida, qristes rjuli

datova da cecxlismsaxuri gaxda. sparsTa mefem igi didi ZRven-

iT gamoagzavna ranis erisTavad. roca movida da misma colma Su-

Sanikma gaigo qmris mier qristes rjulis uaryofa, aRar isurva

misi coloba, qmris siyvaruli daiviwya da mTeli guliT Seudga

qristes mcnebaTa aRsrulebas.

maSin vasqeni sxvadasxva xerxiT miudga, pirvelad mliqvnelo-

biT, vedrebiT da saCuqrebis micemiT; Semdeg did satanjvelSi

Caagdo imdeni xniT, rom ver aRvwere wminda SuSanikis Rvawli.

mokla igi misma qmarma, vasqenma, ranis erisTavma.

maSin qarTvelTa mefem, bakurma, mouwoda Tavis yvela eri-

sTavs, farulad Sekriba laSqari da malulad gaemarTa vasqen-

Tan sabrZolvelad. vasqeni mtkvris kideze mindors gareT idga,

sadac mdinare anakerti erTvis mtkvars. Tavs daesxa da vasqeni

Seipyro. igi akuwes da misi sxeulis nawilebi xeze Camokides.

didi pativiT wamoiRes wminda SuSanikis gvami da curtavSi da-

fles.

bakur mefem sparsTa mefesTan mociquli gaagzavna, yovelive

es auwya da misgan Sendoba iTxova. sparsTa mefem Tavis gonebaSi

gaifiqra: «qarTvelebi rom Sevrisxo, isini berZnebs gauerTian-

debian~. Sendoba irCia: bakuris mociquli keTili pasuxiT gamo-

172

agzavna, mokluli vasqenis yovelgvari gmoba da braldeba uTxra

da bakuri mis sikvdilSi gaamarTla [217]. ranSi da movakanSi sxva

erisTavi gamogzavna, romelsac dareli erqva da ubrZana, rom

qarTvelebTan keTilad emegobra.

gardaicvala makar kaTalikosi. mefem kaTalikosad svimoni

dasva. gardaicvala bakuri da darCa patara Svilebi, romelnic

mefobas ver gaswevdnen.

maSin sparsTa mefem urmizdma, Tavis Zes, romelsac qasre am-

barvezi erqva, rani da movakani misca. movida da dajda bardavSi

da qarTlis erisTavebs auwya ganzraxva: didi sikeTe aRuTqva,

weriliT daumtkica maTi saerisTaoebis floba SviliT-Svil-

amde. da ase mliqvnelobiT gadaibira isini. erisTavebi gandgnen

da cal-calke xarks aZlevdnen qasre ambarvezs.

bakuris Svilebi kaxeTis mTiuleTSi darCnen. mirdatis, vax-

tangis Zis STamomavloba, romlebic klarjeTsa da javaxeTSi

batonobdnen, klarjeTis kldeebSi darCnen. danarCeni qarTli,

somxiTi da aspurakani sparselebma daipyres. ebrZodnen ber-

Znebs.

ramodenime wlis Semdeg sparseTSi didi areuloba moxda,

radgan TurqTa mefe Sevida sparseTSi. movidnen berZnebi, Seebr-

Zolnen sparselebs SuamdinareSi, gaaqcies, sparseTSi Sevidnen

da daiwyes sparseTis dapyroba. maSin qasre ambarvezma dastova

rani da qarTli da mamamisis saSvelad wavida.

rogorc ki sparselebi dakavebulebi aRmoCndnen, qarTlis

erisTavebi, zemoni da qvemoni, SeiTqvnen, mociquli gaagzavnes

berZenTa mefesTan da sTxoves, rom qarTlis mefeebis STamoma-

vlobidan daesva mefe da erisTavni Seucvlelad yofiliyvnen

Tav-TavianT saerisTavoebSi.

[218] keisarma Seasrula maTi Txovna da mefed misca vaxtangis

Zis (berZeni colisagan) mirdatis diswuli, romelsac gvarami

erqva, romelic klarjeTsa da javaxeTSi mTavrobda.

173

qarTlis ocdamecxramete mefe,

kurapalati

gvaram bagratovani

gvarami dediT xosroiani iyo, mamiT _ bagratovani. es bagra-

tovanebi gvaramis SviliSvilebi da naTesavni arian.

keisarma gvarams kurapalatoba uboZa da mcxeTaSi gamo-

agzavna.

[219] bakur mefis Svilebi, vaxtangis Zis, daCis (romelsac vax-

tang mefem misca mefoba), naTesavebi, kaxeTSi darCnen, daipyres

kuxeTi da hereTi ioridan moyolebuli, ujarmaSi gamagrdnen da

gvaram kurapalatis morCilebis qveS iyvnen.

keisarma didi ganZi gamoagzavna gvaram kurapalatTan da

ubrZana, rom im ganZiT CrdiloeTidan laSqari gamoeyvana,

SeerTeboda mas qarTvelTa laSqari da Seegzavna sparseTSi.

gvarami ase moiqca: gamoiyvana osebi, durZukebi, didoelebi da

maT qarTlis erisTavebi waumZRvana. Sevidnen adarbadaganSi,

daiwyes dapyroba. amgvari gasaWiri da moucleloba daatydaT

Tavs sparselebs.

maSin sparseTSi gamoCnda erTi kaci, romelsac baram Cubini

erqva. igi sparseTSi Semosul Turqebs SeebrZola, rogorc es

gacxadebulad weria sparselTa istoriaSi. mokla saba, TurqTa

mefe da gaaqcia maTi banaki. maSin berZnebis laSqari, romelic spar-

seTSi iyo Sesuli, mibrunda da Sin wavida. gvaram kurapalatis mier

Segzavnili Crdiloelebic wamovidnen Sin. radgan sparselebma

Turqebisagan moicales, qarTvelebi SeSindnen, sparselebisadmi

SiSma da Zrwolam Seipyro [isini].

gvaram kurapalatma cixeebisa da qalaqebis gamagreba daiwyo.

RmerTma kvlav wyaloba moiRo qristianeTa mimarT: sparseT-

Si sxva SuRli daiwyo. igive baram Cubini ganudga sparsTa mefes,

[221] urmizd mefes misma colis Zmebma Tvalebi daswves. daiwyo

brZola Cubinsa da qasres Soris. Cubinma sZlia qasres. {igi] sa-

berZneTSi wavida, mavrik keisarma Tavisi asuli misca colad

174

qasres, misca laSqari da CubinTan saomrad gamoagzavna. Cubini

sparseTidan gaaZeves da qasrem daikava sparseTi.

maSin mavrik keisarma qarTvelebis gamo wuxili gamoTqva

qasresTan da uTxra: `vinaidan qarTvelebma kerpTmsaxureba mi-

atoves, im droidan berZenTa morCili arian. radgan garkveul

dros Tqveni batonobisgan qarTli daeca, Tu ara, Tqveni samar-

Tali ar aris qarTlze (!). axla RvTis brZanebiT, vinaidan me da

Sen sruli siyvaruli gvakavSirebs, iyos qarTli Cven Soris Tav-

isufalad da mSvidobiT. me var yvela qarTvelisa da yvela qris-

tianis Semwe da meurve~.

maSin sparsTa mefe daemorCila keisars da qarTvelebi gan-

Tavisufldnen. gvaram kurapalati berZenTa morCilebaze dad-

ga.

igi morwmune da eklesiebis maSenebeli iyo. man daiwyo patio-

sani jvris eklesiis Seneba. aqamde jvari mindorSi iyo da erTi

wlis ganmavlobaSi aaSena eklesia.

keTilad da uSfoTvelad mefobda. magram qarTlis erisTave-

bi maT saerisTavoebSi ver Secvala, radgan sparsTa da berZen-

Ta mefeebisagan TavianT saerisTavoebze mkvidrobis sigelebi

hqondaT, Tumca gvaram kurapalatis morCilebis qveS iyvnen.

gvaram kurapalats hyavda Svilebi, romelTac saxelad erq-

vaT erTs stefanozi, meores _ demetre.

[222] gardaicvala kaTalikosi svimoni da dajda samoeli.

gardaicvala kaTalikosi samoeli da dasves isev samoeli.

gvaram kurapalatma tfilisis sionis safuZveli ganaaxla.

romelTac gvaramis Semdgom tfilisis sionis Seneba daas-

rules: naxevari erTma vinme qvrivma dedakacma da naxevari _

mTelma erma, adarnase I mTavris dros, adarnasec Seewia mis

aRSenebas. morwmune mirian mefis yvela naTesavi eklesiebis

maSenebeli iyo.

gardaicvala gvaram kurapalati.

175

meormoce qarTlis erisTavTa mTavari stefanozi,

Ze gvaram kurapalatisa, bagratovani

dajda misi Ze stafanozi. mefis saxelis darqmeva ver gabe-

da berZnebisa da sparselebis SiSiT, aramed erisTavTa mTavars

uwodebdnen. gardaicvala samoel kaTalikosi. stefanozma

kaTalikosad barTlome dasva. stefanozi urwmuno iyo da Rmr-

Tis armoSiSi, RmerTs ar emsaxureboda, arc rjuls Sehmata da

arc _ eklesiebs.

[223] mis dros saberZneTSi didi areuloba moxda: mavrik kei-

sars ganudga sardali foka, mokla keisari mavriki da misi Svilebi.

sardalma fokam saberZneTi daipyro. maSin keisris siZem, sparsTa

mefem qasrem, gadawyvita simamrisa da colis Zmebis sisxlis aReba,

saberZneTSi Sesvla da dapyroba. Seutia berZnebs, foka keisarma

winaaRmdegoba ver gauwia. xolo qarTlis mTavari stefanozi SeuS-

inda sparselebs, ganudga berZnebs da SeuerTda sparselebs.

im dros imave qasre mefem ierusalimi daipyro da Zeli cxo-

veli waiRo. amis Semdeg RmerTma wyalobis xeli aiRo qasreze. igi

sakuTarma Zem Seipyro, sapyrobileSi Casva da avi senisgan mokvda.

stefanozis dros mcxeTas [mosaxleoba] akldeboda da tfil-

isi Zlierdeboda, armazi oxrdeboda da kala Sendeboda. stafa-

nozis Zma, saxeliT demetre, jvari patiosnis eklesias aSenebda.

igi avi seniTac iyo daavadebuli da eklesiis karebs ver Sordebo-

da. stefanozi mTel qarTlze mTavrobda, igi tfilisSi dajda da

sparselebs emorCileboda. amis mere ramdenime wlis Semdeg saber-

ZneTSi gamoCnda erTi kaci, mavrik keisris naTesavi, saxeliT er-

ekle. man foka keisari mokla da saberZneTi daipyro. gaZlierda,

dasavleTidan (!) Turqebi miiyvana [224], uricxvi laSqari Sekriba

da sparseTSi Zeli cxovelis saZebnelad gamoemarTa. pirvelad

qarTlSi, samcxeSi movida. esma im xatis saswaulTmoqmedeba,

romelic wmida RvTismSobels gamoesaxa da pirvelwodebuli

andriasTvis mieca. mas mousvenebia da awyurSi mcire ekvderSi

dausvenebia. keisari erekle xatis sanaxavad da Tayvanissacemad

176

movida. maSin ereklem awyurSi didi saydris saZirkvlis Cagdeba

da mSenebloba daiwyo. SemdegSi igi morwmune adamianebis mier

dasrulda. SemdegSi igi saepiskoposo gaxda.

stefanozma sparselTagan gandgoma ar isurva, cixe-qalaqe-

bi gaamagra da qalaq tfilisSi dadga. movida erekle keisari da

moadga tfiliss. stefanozi qveli da mamaci mxedari iyo. yovel

dRe qalaqis karebTan gamodioda da berZnebs ebrZoda. im brZo-

laSi cxenidan Camoagdes stefanozi da mokles. keisarma tfil-

isi daipyro.

kalis cixeSi ramdenime kaci darCa, ar SeuerTdnen mefes.

cixidan cixisTavma mefes agina: «vacis wveri gabia, vac-botis

kiseri gaqvs~. mefem brZana: «Tumca am kacma lanZRviT miwoda me

vacboti, misi sityva [mainc] cudi ar aris~. danielis wigni aiRo

da aseTi sityvebi ipova: «gamovidnen dasavleTis vacebi da Se-

musres aRmosavleTis verZebis rqebi~. mefes gauxarda da sarw-

munod eCvena, rom sparselebze gaimarjvebda.

[225] maSin keisarma mouwoda qarTvelTa mefis, bakuris Zes,

vaxtangis Zis, daCis, naTesavs, romelic kaxeTis erisTavi iyo

da adarnase erqva, misca tfilisi da qarTlis mTavroba. masTan

datova erisTavi, romelsac jibRa erqva da ubrZana kalasTan

brZola. TviTon mefe sparselTa winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad gae-

marTa.

qarTlis ormocdameerTe mTavari, adarnase,

Ze bakurisi, xosroiani

qarTlis mTavarma adarnasem da jibRu erisTavma kalas cix-

es Seuties. keisari baRdadSi wavida.

mokle xanSi aiRes kala da cixisTavi Seipyres. erisTavma

Tavdapirvelad piri drahkanebiT gauvso, radgan keisarma Sens

sityvebze gaixarao. amis Semdeg tyavi gaaZro da keisars ukan mi-

awia gardabanSi. mefis SeuracxyofisaTvis uyo ase.

177

[226] aseTi sikvdiliT aResrulnen stefanozi da misi momxreebi.

RmerTma es imitom damarTa stefanozs, rom RmerTze mindobiT ar

cxovrobda: morwmuneebs emtereboda da urwmunoebs emoyvreboda.

maSin berZnebma kvlav miiTvises qarTlis teritoria: speri

da klarjeTis bolo, zRvis piri. stefanozis Svilebi klarje-

Tis kldeebSi darCnen. danarCeni qarTlis mTavroba xelT igdo

adarnase bakuris Zem. verc man gabeda mefobis saxelis tareba.

erisTavebi Seucvlelad cxovrobdnen Tav-TavianT saerisTa-

voebSi da adarnase mTavars morCilebdnen.

CanarTi 1

gardaicvala kaTalikosi barTlome, adarnasem kaTaliko-

sad ioane dasva.

CanarTi

gaagzavnes antioqiaSi da masTan erTad erTi monazoni moci-

quladac da sakurTxeveladac, radgan dawesebuli iyo kaTaliko-

sis antioqiidan kurTxeva, aravis SeeZlo antioqiaSi mgzavroba.

amis gamo qarTvelebs didi sazrunavi hqondaT. Teofilakte an-

tioqiel patriarqis dros mociqulebi gaagzavnes, Teofilakte

antioqiel patriarqTan mividnen da uambes netar Teofilaktes,

rom qarTvelTa mxareebis mkvidri qristianebi did gasaWirSi ar-

ian, radgan netari anastasi mRvdelmowamis dRidan kurTxeva ar

xerxdeba gzebis siZnelis gamo. man sayovelTao kreba Sekriba da

krebis rCeviT, Tavis mTavarepiskoposebTan, mitropolitebTan

da episkoposebTan erTad ganaCina, rom Seikribnen misi samrev-

los episkoposebi da drodadro akurTxon [is], romelsac saRm-

rTo madli maT uCvenebs, romelsac gamoarCeven da mefes, episko-

posebs da im eklesiis ersa da moyvass moewoneba. Seudgina maT

dawerili mosaxsenebeli Tavisi TavisTvis da iq Sekrebili kre-

bisTvis. masTan gagzavnili ori monazonidan erTi, saxeliT io-

ane, xeldasxmul iyo im drois kaTalikosad. antioqiis am krebaze

gapatiosnda da maTgan damoukidebeli gaxda kaTalikosi, rad-

178

gan patriarqebis xelqveiTi ar aris. aRarc [isini] akurTxeben,

aramed sakuTari episkoposebi akurTxeben. amieridan mTel qvey-

anaze gavrcelda, rom [igi] antioqiis krebaze ganTavisuflda.

CanarTi

im dros ioane guTel episkoposi Tavisi samwysosa da eris

mier gamogzavnil iqna qarTlSi da qarTlis kaTalikosis ioanes

mier mcxe TaSi miiRo xeldasxma, radgan im dros saberZneTis mxa-

reebi xatTmebrZolebis wvalebas hqonda moculi.

ramdenime xnis Semdeg gardaicvala kaTalikosi ioane da

adarnasem dasva basili.

erekle mefe sparseTSi Sevida, mokla xosro mefe, aiRo baR-

dadi da wamoiRo Zeli cxovrebisa. rac gaiara, qarTlis is gza

meSvide wels ukan gamoiara. qarTlis mTavarma, adarnasem, daas-

rula patiosani jvris eklesia da tfilisis sioni.

erekle mefem manglisidan da eruSeTidan waiRo Cveni uflis

ieso qristes fexTa ficari da samsWualni, romlebic konstan-

tines hqonda micemuli mirianisTvis.

Sewuxda adarnase, qarTlis mTavari. evedreboda keisars,

raTa ar waeRo RmrTismieri ganZi. keisarma ar ismina misi ve-

dreba da waiRo.

adarnases zeobaSi gardaicvala sami kaTalikosi: iovane,

babila da Tabori.

gardaicvala adarnase da [mefed] dadga misi Ze stefanozi.

qarTlis ormocdameore mTavari, stefanozi,

Ze adarnase mTavrisa, xosroiani

stefanozi qarTlis yvela mefesa da mTavarze ufro mor-

wmune da rjulis ganmwmendeli, eklesiaTa maSenebeli iyo. man

jvari patiosnis eklesias zRudeebi Semoavlo, darbazebi aa-

Sena, yovel paraskevs Sekreba dauwesa. im adgilis da mxaris

179

yvela episkoposi da mRvdeli kaTalikosTan erTad iq ikribe-

boda patiosani jvris winaSe. adidebdnen paraskevs, rogorc

did paraskevs.. yovel xuTSabaTs sakaTalikosoSi ikribebian da

adideben wminda sions, rogorc did xuTSabaTs, qristes sisxl-

iTa da xorciT saidumlosTan erTad. xolo mcxeTaSi saepisko-

posoSi yovel samSabaTs aris kreba da xseneba stefane pirvel-

wamebulisa da yovelTa mowameTa, romelnic sparselTa didi Se-

mosevebis dros iyvnen wamebulni. da abibos nekresel episkopo-

sisa, romelmac [qristianobaze] moaqcia mTiulTa umravlesoba

aragvis aRmosavleTiT. misi patiosani gvami mcxeTaSi saepisko-

posoSi, episkoposTa samarxavSi daasvenes. yvela dResaswaulze

metad mis dResaswaulze ikribebian da adideben RmerTs.

im droebSi gamoCnda mohamedi, ismailis naTesavi, sarki-

nozTa rjulis moZRvari da mTeli arabeTi da iamaneTi daipy-

ro. gardaicvala igi. mis nacvlad dadga abubaqari da sparseTSi

Sevida. radgan sparseTSi erekle mefe iyo Sesuli da sparseTi

gaveranebuli iyo, sparseTSi aravin iyo winaaRmdegobis gamwevi.

abubaqar agarianma sparseTi daipyro, Sevida baRdadSi, Zalisda-

tanebiT umravlesobas cecxlmsaxureba daatovebina da sarki-

nozebad aqcia. igi gardaicvala da mis nacvlad dadga omari. igi

ufro metad gaZlierda.

[230] moaxsenes mefe erekles, rom agarianelebi Semovlen

SamSi da jazireTSi, romelic aris Suamdinare. erekle filis-

timSi gamovida, rom iq SebrZoleboda. iq iyo erTi monazoni, Rm-

rTis kaci. man mefes uTxra: «Tavs uSveleT, radgan RmerTma aR-

mosavleTi da samxreTi misca sarkinozebs, romelic ganimarteba

rogorc «saras ZaRlebi~.im monazvnis sityvebiT varskvlavTm-

ricxvelebma da misnebma es acnobes erekle mefes. erekle mefem

sveti aaSena da masze daawera: «mSvidoba, Suamdinareo da filis-

timo, sanam Caivlis Svidi Svideuli~. filosofosebma Svideulis

Sesaxeb es gansazRvruli dro, romelic udris oras ormocdaaT

wels, sarkinozebTan dakavSirebiT ipoves hermes trismejisto-

nis wignSi.

180

aleqsandres wlebidan mahmadis gamoCenamde iyo aleqsan-

dres cxraas ocdaSvidi weli.

im dros berZenTa yvela modgmis warCinebuli miwaSi flobda

ganZs, radgan roca gamovidodnen, ganZi epovnaT da maTi waRe-

bisa da ukan dabrunebisas gasaWiri ar enaxaT.

[231] erekle keisarma amoiara ranis gza da meored Semovi-

da qarTlSi. sparselebs, romlebic sarkinozebs gamoqceod-

nen, uTxra: « Tu iciT, rom Tqveni mefoba dasrulda, datoveT

CrdiloeTi da CvenTan SemodiT~. maT datoves es qveyana da Ta-

vianTi simdidre Seinaxes. zogierTni gahyvnen, zogierTni darC-

nen, daweres mTeli saganZuris gujari. roca gujari daweres,

aRweres Tavisi xalxi da miwa da dades, raTa roca berZnebi movi-

dodnen, im gujrebiT moiZion maTi xalxi da TiToeuls gauyon

miwa da ganZi.

CanarTi

gardaicvala kaTalikosi Tabori da kaTalikosad dasves

samoeli.

amis Semdeg gaiara ramdenime welma. qristes aqeT 656 wels kon-

stantinepolSi Sedga meeqvse kreba 170 wminda mamebisa. poRonati

(!) konstantines mefobis mecamete wels [232], romelic iustinianes

mama iyo, romlis winamZRvrebi iyvnen Teodore da giorgi xucesebi

da ioane diakoni, agaTon romis papis adgilismcvelni da giorgi

konstantinepoleli, Teofane antioqieli. am krebaze saqarTvelos

wminda eklesiis Sesaxeb, romelic wminda mcxeTaa, brZanes, rom

«[igi] pativiT wminda samociqulo kaTolike eklesiebis, sapatri-

arqos swori iyos da qarTlis kaTalikosi patriarqebis swori iyos,

akurTxebdes, mwyemsavdes da simarTliT ganagebdes mTavarepisko-

posebs, mitropolitebs, episkoposebs, Tavis samwysos qarTlis

gaRma-gamoRma, kaxeTSi, SaqSi, SirvanSi, midgmiT- wamovliT (!) mTian

adgilebSi svaneTisa da CerqezeTis sazRvrebamde, sruliad oseTSi

da mTel zemo-qarTlSi, samcxe-saaTabagoSi. mas CavabareT saqarT-

velos eklesiebi, mas monebdnen, mis xel qveS iyvnen, mis rjuls

181

emorCilebodnen, mis mier imwyemsebodnen, miveciT krulebisa da

krulebis axsnis ufleba. romelsac kruleba SeuTvalos, krul

iyos caTa Sina da romelic qveynad krulebisgan gaanTavisuflos,

Tavisufali iyos caTa Sina. pirvelad antioqiis krebis mier iyo ga-

patiosnebuli, am krebis mier davamtkiceT patriarqad, radgan nu

iqneba mitropoliti, nurc episkoposi kaTalikosisgan Sendobis ga-

reSe. xolo Tu vinme mTavarepiskoposi, ginda mitropoliti, ginda

episkoposi kaTalikosisTvis winaaRmdegobis gawevas ikadrebs an

kaTalikosis ukiTxavad ZaliT daikavebs xarisxsa da eklesias, an

ekurTxeba mefe, ginda mTavari, an mTavarepiskoposebi, da mitrop-

olit- episkoposebi, ganikveTnon. xolo roca mironis damzadebasa

da kurTxevas inebebs, Tavis eklesiaSi akurTxos~.

mravali vinme gvekiTxeboda amis Sesaxeb da Cven ucodinro-

bis gamo vbrkoldebodiT. Seni daJinebiT, RmrTis kaco, rogorc

Teslis mkrebelma, erTad Sevagrove es mcire sityvebi, wminda

werilebisgan mimogabneuli.

stefanozs ori Ze hyavda, arCili da mihri. Tavisi samefos

yoveli saqoneli, oqros, vercxlis da patiosani Tvlebis sa-

ganZuri gauyo [maT].. naxevari egrisis qveyanaSi waiRo da waiy-

vana Tavisi pirmSo Svili mihri. saqonlis naxevari Tavis umcros

Svils, arCils, misca. arCilma [233] umetesi saganZuri kaxeTSi

damala, xolo oqros da vercxlis nivTebi _ ujarmis mxareSi.

qarTlis da javaxeTis saganZurebi damala mTaSi, romelic er-

eklem im ganZis samalad ganaCina, romelic Tan ver waiRo. im mTis

saxeli aris tonTio, romelic ganimarteba, rogorc «oqros

mTa~. masze tilismi (Tilisma) dado, rom vervin SesZlos misi

gamotana. xolo qarTlis yvela eklesiis saganZuri mcxeTis didi

sionis safarvelSi damala. mcire xnis Semdeg arCili egrisSi

Sevida.

iq yofnis dros gardaicvala qarTlis mTavari stefanozi.

mis nacvlad mefe gaxda misi Ze miri.

182

ormocdamesame mefe, miri,

Ze stefanoz mTavrisa, xosroiani

qarTlSi movida agariani amira, romelsac murvan yru er-

qva, Ze momadisi, romelic eSimSi gamoegzavna maT axlobels, ab-

dal meliqis Zes, amirmuml baRdadels. meore saxelad imitom

ewoda yru, rom mrCevelTa sityvebs ar iRebda.

CanarTi

xolo roca xelT igdo sparselebsa da arabebze batonoba da

aamxedra agarianTa yvela Tesl-tomi, qristianebze gailaSqra

da gawyvita, daipyro saberZneTisa da somxeTis qveynebi vidre

zRvamde. da rogorc bneli Rrubeli simravliT, rogorc kalia

da mumli, moefina CrdiloeTis mxareebs da qveynis piri dafara.

mTavrebma da pitiaxSebma, erisTavTa da warCinebulTa naTesav-

ebma Tavi SeaRwies kavkasiaSi da tyeebsa da RreebSi daimalnen.

yrum mTeli kavkasia Semoiara, daipyro darialisa da daruban-

dis kari da qarTlis miwaze yoveli qalaqi da cixeTa umravle-

soba Semusra.

CanarTi

movida samcxeSi da oZrxis areebSi daibanaka. is qalaqi

saxelovani iyo misi saqmianobis gamo. Semdeg daiZra, wamovida

samcxidan, movida argveTis qveyanaSi. winambrZolni da rCeulni

wamovidnen. im dros argveTis qveynis sanaxebidan iyvnen didi

da STamomavlobiT didebuli qarTveli mTavrebi daviT da kon-

stantine. iyvnen Sekrebili, rCeuli da frTxili (!). xolo war-

marTebma roca daviT da konstantine ixiles, rogorc mxecebma

daibRavles da miesivnen. daviTma Tavisi gundi gaaZliera, gaamx-

neva isini, Sehyvira rogorc lomma da gaaqcia da gafanta {mtre-

bi}. uricxvi gawyvites. qristianebs gamarjveba moupova. maSin

gaqceulebi ukan mobrundnen, murvan yrus acnobes, rac gadax-

daT maT Tavs, rom qristianebma (SeSismsaxurebma) mewinave rCeu-

183

li laSqari yvela gawyvites. man TavSi Semoirtya xeli da Tqva:

«vin gabeda da win aRudga did mociquls, mohameds, Cemi dedis

Zmas?~ es Tqva, SeuZaxa warmarTebis mTel simravles da rogorc

qviSa simravliT, gamoemarTnen da movidnen argveTis qveyanaSi.

moicves tye da velebi, mTebi da borcvebi. warmarTebis xelSi

Cacvivdnen qristiani erebi, zogni tyeebSi daimalnen, zogni

gawyvites. daviT da konstantine da maTi momxreebi Seipyres.

maTi Sepyroba rom gaigo, xelebi Semohkra da gamarjvebisTvis

adida Tavis dedis Zma mohamedi da misi rjuli. roca banakad

dadga, taxtze dajda. daviT da konstantine yrusTan miiyvanes

da xelSekrulni im urjulos warudgines. es wmindanebi qristes

aRsarebisaTvis iwamnen da mravali satanjveli aiRes Tavze. Sem-

deg tbaSi Cayares. TviTon mtarvalebi gaiqcnen, SeSinebulebi im

xmebis gamo, romlebic zecidan ismoda wminda mowameebis gamo.

uRmrTom Tavis Tavze ar aiRo.

da roca gaigo, rom qarTlis mefeebi da yvela maTi axlo-

beli egrisSi wavidnen da iqidan kvlav afxazeTSi mibrundnen,

maT kvals Seudga [235] da aaoxra egrisis qveynis qalaqebi da

simagreebi. cixe sam-zRude, romelic aris cixe-goji, Semusra

da gaiara zRude klisuras sazRvari. misi mosvlis dros kaTa-

likosi iyo Tabori.

roca yrum gadalaxa klisura, romelic im dros saberZneTisa

da saqarTvelos sazRvari iyo, Semusra afSileTis qalaqi cxumi.

moadga anakofiis cixes, romelSic aris yovlad wmida RmrTism-

Soblis xati, romelic adamianis xeliT ki ar aris daxatuli,

aramed zegardamo, romlis Sesaxeb aravin icis, vin ipova igi im

gorakis Tavze mosuli, romelsac samxreTidan zRva artyia da

CrdiloeTidan _ wyliani mcire Wala. im dros iq iyvnen qarTlis

mefeebi miri da arCili. maTi mama gardacvlili iyo da damarx-

uli egrisSi. keisris erisTavi leoni sobRis cixeSi iyo Sesuli,

romelic oseTis gadasasvlelze mdebareobs. veravin SesZlo

SebrZoleboda yrus, radgan misi laSqari ufro meti da egrisis

Walakebze mravalricxovani iyo.

184

yrum Seipyro da awama wminda daviT da konstantine, romelTa

wamebis Sesaxeb vrclad mogviTxrobs maTi cxovreba.

Cven pirvelive sityva daviwyoT.

roca anakofiis cixeSi iyvnen, iq mivida murvan yru da me-

feebs brZola dauwyo.

arCilma Tavis Zmas, mirs, uTxra: ~es cixe-qalaqi asaoxre-

blad aris mimwyvdeuli. Tu Cven Segvipyroben, gamoikiTxaven

yvela damaluli saganZuris Sesaxeb, romelic Cven davmaleT

Cvens qveyanaSi, romelic aris monagebi mirian RmrTivganbrZno-

bilisa da kidev vaxtang RmrTivganbrZnobili mefis, da maTi

Svilebisa, romelTac Cven dagvbades. imasac moiTxovs, romelic

erekle keisarma damala. romlis mTliani aRwera davdeT zur-

muxtisa da Zoweulis iagundis gvirgvinebTan erTad, romlebic

Cvenma mamam, didma vaxtang mefem, gamoitana indoeTidan da sin-

deTidan. isini ujarmaSi davmaleT, or daucvel koSks Sua ad-

gilis maxloblad. yvelaferi es Cems gonebaSi maqvs damarxuli.

Sen waiRe is ori gvirgvini: oqrosi da anTrakis, erTi mirian

mefisa da meore _vaxtangisi, romelic sparsTa mefem uZRvna

vaxtangs im oqrosTan da vercxlTan erTad, romelic xuTas sat-

virTav da ori aTas mkvircxl cxenebs ahkida. Sen da Cvenma mamam

igi quTaisSi da cixe-gojSi dadeT. xolo me Cemi gvirgvinebi da

tyviis gujrebi gancalkevebiT davde. axla, Tu davixocebiT, is

ganZi yvelasTvis miugnebeli darCeba. berZnebis mosvlisas kei-

sari moikiTxavs Cvens naTesaobas da miscems mefobas da ganZsac.

Cven qarTlisa da saberZneTis mooxrebis mizezi ar gavxdeT,

aramed gavideT da zRvis mxares am gverdze vibrZoloT. da Tu

RmerTi inebebs, erTiT aTass gaaqcevs da oriT – mravals.

[237] mividnen yovladwmida RvTismSoblis xatTan, Sevr-

domiT Tayvani-sces da Tqves: `gavalT Seni Zisa da Cveni Rmr-

Tis, Sengan Sobilis, sasoebiT, vedreba Sewire mas CvenTvis da

Tanamaval gveyos Cven Seni wyaloba~. maTTan iyo maTi taZreu-

lis, erisTavebisa da pitiaxSebis naTesavebis mcire raodenoba,

daaxloebiT aTasi kaci, xolo afxazTa laSqridan mebrZoli ori

185

aTasi. gaTenebamde ufalma risxva moavlina sarkinozebze, maT

banaksa da etlebze, radgan abaSelTa tomi dabanakebuli iyo

mdinareze, romelsac abaSa hqvia, xolo hunebi da etlebi _ mdi-

naris kideze, romelsac cxeniswyali hqvia. iqmna zecidan sas-

wauli, quxili da elva, samxreTis xorSaki da sisxl-deniT tanja

isini. im Rames uflis angelozi eCvena arCils, romelmac uTxra:

`wadiT da ebrZoleT agarianebs, radgan maTze mivavline sastiki

gvema, momspobeli [yvelafrisa] adamianebidan pirutyvebamde.

roca maTi banakidan gaxvalT, gaigebT vaebisa da tirilis xmas.

xolo Tqven mxned iyaviT da gaZlierdiT RmrTis sasoebiT~. roca

Tendeboda, maTi banakidan tirilisa da godebis xma gaisma.

maSin RmrTis imediT gavidnen maTTan sabrZolvelad. See-

brZolnen da ufalma Zleva misca qristianTa mcire ers. sisxl-

deniT amowyda ocdaTxuTmeti aTasi sarkinozi, xolo maxviliT

_ sami aTasi. miri SubiT ferdSi daiWra. qristianebisgan im

dRes samoci kaci mokles. tyesaviT daeca sarkinozTa cxenebi

da yvela zRvaSi Cayares.

[238] maSin vinme agarianma Cveneba naxa, romelsac TiTqos maTi

mociquli eubneboda: ` RmerTma Cven gamarjveba mogvca vidre

aTi mefis aRsrulebamde, rogorc uTxra RmerTma abraams da

agars. magram wmida eklesiebs da RmrTismsaxur adamianebs mo-

erideT, rogorc es gauwyeT Cems yuranSi~. saswrafod aiyarnen

da TavianT kvals ukan miubrundnen. roca cixe-goji aiares,

daibanakes ori wylis maxloblad, romelic erTis msgavsi iyo.

saSineli wvima wamovida, mdinareebi sastikad adidnen. Sedare-

biT patara wyali abaSelebis laSqars miawyda da maTgan oc-

dasami aTasi qveiTi waiRo. ufro didi wyali daetaka mxed rebs,

romelTa banaki tyian adgilas iyo. zogni adgilebidan garbod-

nen, zogni xeebze Zvrebodnen. waiRo ocdaTxuTmeti aTasi cxeni.

im droidan im or mdinares daerqva saxelebi: erTs cxeniswyali,

meores _ abaSa.

roca es yvelaferi, mis Tavze moweuli, murvan yrum gaigo,

Tavis Tavsa da Tavis mrCevlebs daabrala am viwro da mTian qvey-

186

anaSi mosvla. daiZra da daibanaka pitiotas, zRvis piras qalaqSi,

romelsac cxumi hqvia.

iqidan aiyara, guriis gza Semoiara, gavida sperSi. simravles

mokleba ar etyoboda. TavianT cxenebs winaswar kudebi daaWres,

radgan TixaSi ver iTrevdnen.

[239] uRmrTo murvan yrum zRvis sanapiro Caiara, zRvis piris

cixe-qalaqebi aiRo da gaaoxra da gaaverana zRvis piris yvela

qveyana, sanam ar mivida qalaq konstantinepolamde. daibanakes,

romelsac hqvia qalkidoni, radgan zRvis viwro srute Caudis

da farTo sanapiro ar aqvs. ugnurma da uvicma yrum ganizraxa,

rom qviSiT aevso zRva da gasavleli gaekeTebina, raTa fexiT

gaeyvana Tavisi xalxi zRvaze da amnairad aeRo konstantinepo-

li. magram RmerTma gaacuda misi ganzraxva, RvTis risxva ewia,

radgan saRamos saR-salamaTi dawva da ganTiadze mkvdari ipov-

es, yvelasgan moZagebuli da daviwyebuli. es rom misma laSqarma

gaigo, gaifantnen da TavianT qveyanaSi gaiqcnen.

im dros qarTlis, somxiTis da ranis qveynebi gapartaxebuli

iyo, ar ipoveboda naSenebi, arc adamianTa da pirutyvTa sakve-

bi. mirma, arCilma da afxazeTis erisTavma leonma mociquli

gaagzavnes berZenTa mefesTan da auwyes yovelive, rac RmrTis

wyalobiT maTgan ewia [yrus]. xolo man ori gvirgvini da gu-

jari gamoagzavna mirTan da arCilTan da Tan moswera:~ qarTlSi

Tqveni mefoba, simxne da sibrZne iyo. axla Tumca CvenTan erTad

idevnebiT jvris msaxurebisaTvis, Cveni moqcevis dros, rogorc

RmerTma aRgviTqva, CvenTan erTad ididebiT. dadeqiT Tqvens

simagreebSi, sanam maTi samasi weliwadi ar Caivlis, radgan oras

ormocdameaTe wels maTi mefoba gaiyofa da mesamase wlis dam-

levisTvis Cveni mefoba gaZlierdeba da SevmusravT agarianebs.

yvela maTi amaRlebuli damdabldeba da CvenTan erTad madide-

belni amaRldebian~.

leons amnairad moswera: sruliad qarTlis miwa-wyals Cven-

gan ziani miadga da maTi mefeebisgan Cven _ Tanadgoma da dax-

mareba. axla es mesame msaxureba da daxmareba gamoiCines Cveni

187

samefo taxtis mimarT: pirvelad, Cveni xelqveiTobis qveS [240]

naTeli miiRes. Semdeg Semusrvas gadaarCines pontos didi qalaqi

da Cvensa da sparselebs Soris mSvidoba daamyares, radgan igive

vaxtang mefe Suamavali iqna da Tavisi xmliT samefos palestina

da jazireTis ori nawili daubruna. axla RmerTs rom maTi sa-

SualebiT ar daebrkolebina boroti mteri, Semosuli iyo vidre

konstantinepolamde. RmerTma nebroTis SvilebSi egeni gamoaCi-

na, rom maT modgmas ar moakldes gulisxmieri da mebrZoli brZe-

ni, rogorc mogviTxrobs Cven dawerili gujari, romelSic aRw-

erili arian mefeebi, warCinebulebi maTi tomebiTa da soflebiT.

xolo SenTvis mibrZanebia afxazeTis erisTavoba, SenTvis, Seni

SvilebisTvis da Seni momavlisaTvis, ukunisamde. keTilad pativ-

scemde qarTlis mefeebsa da ers. amieridan ufleba ar geqneba

vneba miayeno maT da maT egrisis sazRvrebs, sanam mand iqnebian da

sanam iqidan wavlen.

miri Wrilobisagan sikvdilis piras mivida da Tavis Zmas, ar-

Cils, uTxra: «Zmao, me mivdivar Cvens mama-papebTan. wamiRe da

damfali Cveni mamebis gverdiT. Sen gauwyeb, sad aris Cveni da-

maluli saganZuris adgili. ar myavs memkvidre Ze-Svili, aramed

Svidi qali myavs. axla Sena xar Cveni samefo saxlis, mirian mefis

memkvidre. Sen ici, rom Cvens Svils, qals, colad ar vaZlevdiT

Cvens erisTavebs, aramed vaZlevdiT mefeebs, an vinme Tu movi-

doda sparselebidan, mefeTa naTesavi, rogorc ferozi, romel-

sac mirian mefem Tavisi asuli misca colad. Cven Semcirebuli

varT, radgan Sen ucolo xar, me ki _ uZeo. axla radgan Cvenma

mamebma colad Cveni erisTavebis asulebi moiyvanes, miscen maT

Cemi asulebi da gauyavi maT qarTlis qveynebi: naxe vari _ Sen da

naxevari _ maT. xolo romelic ufrosobis gamo mqonda, SenTvis

momicia da gqondes saufrosod: egrisi, svaneTi, Takveri, argve-

Ti da guria. xolo klarjeTi da Sua mTiuleTi Cems asulebs

mieci, rom am Znel droebaSi iq iyvnen. Cveni mamac am areulobaSi

gardaicvala da igi mcxeTaSi ver wavasveneT. aiRe misi Zvlebi

da quTaisis saydarSi damarxe, raTa iyos igi Cveni samkvidros

188

mosaxseneblad. Sen ki aq darCi da moyvroba gauwie berZnebs, san-

am es sibnele ar ganqardeba.~

gardaicvala miri, wamoasvenes mcxeTaSi da dafles zemo

eklesiaSi, karis SesavalTan.

mis nacvlad mefed dajda misi Zma arCili.

ormocdameoTxe mefe, arCili,

Ze stefanoz mefisa da mefe miris Zma, xosroiani

arCilma ixmo qarTlis erisTavebi da Tavisi Zmiswulebi co-

lad misca.

erTi misca Tavis mamis Zmiswuls, gvaram kurapalatis Svils,

romelsac klarjeTi da javaxeTi hqonda.

meore misca pitiaxSs, ferozis naTesavs, romelic Tria-

leTSi, taSirsa da abocSi mTavrobda.

mesame misca nerses nersesians, romelic vaxtang mefis

warCinebuli iyo.

meoTxe misca adarnases adarnasians da orives gauyo zeda

sofeli, qarTli.

mexuTe misca varzmans da misca kotmanidan qurdis-xe-

vamde. es varzmani sparsTa erisTavis, bardavelis, naTesavi iyo,

romelic vaxtang mefis dedis mama iyo.

meeqvse misca juanSer juanSerians, romelic naTesavi

iyo mirian mefisa revis Svilebidan. da misca jvari da xerki,

yoveli mTiuleTi, manglisis mxare da tfilisi.

arCilis nawili yvela am kuTxidan naxevari gamonayofi iyo.

roca naxes, rom juanSers ufro meti nawili misca, sxvebi cota

ganawyendnen. mTavrebi TavianTi colebiT Tav-Tavis adgilebSi

gauSva.

arCilma leoni ixmo da uTxra: ` kurTxeul iyav uflis mier,

rameTu keTilad gaisarje Cveni stumrobisas da mSvidobianad

dagvicavi Sens adgilebSi. magram axla dawyebulia Cveni adg-

189

ilebis Seneba klisuridan zemoT. waval da davsaxldebi cixe-

gojSi da quTaisSi. iTxove, rac gnebavs Cemgan Seni keTili sam-

saxurisTvis~. leonma miugo: `keisarma Tqveni simxniT me momca

es qveyana samkvidrod. amieridan es aris mama-papiT Cemi samkvi-

drebeli klisuridan vidre didi xazareTis mdinaremde, sadac

Camodis kavkasiis wveri. mec mimiRe Sens monebSi, romelnic dRes

Sens Svilad da Zmad Rirs hyav. ar minda Sengan rame nawili, Cemic

Seni iyos~.

maSin leons colad misca Tavisi Zmiswuli guranduxti da

gvirgvini, romelic [243] berZenTa mefes hqonda micemuli mir-

isTvis. sastiki fici da aRTqma dades, rom maT Soris mtroba ar

iqneboda da leoni arCilis morCilebis qveS iqneboda.

arCili wamovida da daemkvidra egrisSi vidre Sorapnamde.

ganago cixeebi da qalaqebi, guriisa da saberZneTis sazRvarze

aaSena cixe-simagre. am saqmeebSi gaiara Tormetma weliwadma.

qarTlSi aRmSenebloba daiwyo. mcxeTa gapartaxebuli iyo. ar-

Cili egrisidan wamovida da xidrisis nacixarSi dajda.

maSin masTan movida erTi mTavari, romelic daviT winaswarme-

tyvelis STamomavali iyo, saxelad adarnase, adarnase brmis

Zmiswuli, romlis mama bagratonianadac iwodeboda da berZenTa

mier iyo dayenebuli somxiTis mxareebis erisTavad. yrus dapy-

robebis dros igi SvilebTan erTad misuli iyo gvaram kurapalat-

Tan klarjeTSi da iq iyo darCenili. man arCilisgan iTxova:~ Tu

inebeb da me, rogorc memkvidres, mcnob, momeci [romelime] mxare~.

misca Sulaveri da artaani.

amis Semdeg arCili kaxeTSi movida, yvela mis samefo msaxurs

(!)(taZreuls) uboZa kaxeTi, gaaTavisufla igini, saZmorSi ekle-

sia aaSena. SeirTo coli, gvaram kurapalatis asuli, romel-

ic vaxtang mefis Svili iyo, berZeni colisgan Sobili. dajda

wuqeTSi. aaSena koSki da lakuastis mxareSi aaSena cixe-simagre.

wuqeTSi man naxa mTavrebi, romlebisTvisac vaxtang mefes mice-

muli hqonda wuqeTi. im dros TuSebze, xunZebze da mTis yvela

warmarTze erisTavobda abuxosro. man ar daaneba, rom misTvis

190

wuqeTi waerTmiaT. [244] nuxpatSi or wyals Sua erTi cixe-qalaqi

aaSena. nuxpatelebi winaT warmarTebi da velurebi iyvnen. yrum

maTi umravlesoba gawyvita. arCilma isini iZulebiT monaTla.

sarkinozebi ranis qveyanaSi gaZlierdnen. dapyrobili

hqondaT gaziri da somxiTi. maslama ebrZoda berZnebs. xolo

adarnase brmis Zmiswulebi, sami Zma, romelTac Tavis mamis Zmas

Tvalebi daswves, taronidan wamovidnen SakixSi da arCilis

brZanebiT iq damkvidrdnen, radgan kavkasiis mTeli napiri, ra-

nis mxridan gaukacurebuli iyo. xolo hereTsa da kaxeTSi ty-

eebisa da Walebis garda Tu iyo adgili darCenili, samive Zma iq

mWidrod daemkvidra.

im dros vinme pitiaxSebi ver Seeguvnen!) klarjeTs, naxevari

imaTgan sxvagan wavida, taoSi erTi klde daisakuTres, romelsac

kalmaxi ewodeboda, da [iq] cixe-simagre aSenes. xolo meore naxe-

vari arCilTan movida kaxeTSi. erT maTgans colad misca abuxo-

sros naTesavi, romelic daqvrivebuliyo da qmari ar hyavda. da

uboZa wuqeTi cixiT da koSkiTurT. im dros, yrus wasvlidan or-

mocdameaTe wels, sarkinozebi ecadnen qarTlSi Semosuliyvnen.

am dromde ar Semodiodnen, aramed erisTavebisagan xarks iRebd-

nen.

arCils hyavda ori Ze: juanSeri da iovane da oTxi asuli:

guranduxti, mariami, miranduxti da SuSani.

arCilis wameba, mefeTa cxovreba da ninos mier qarTlis mo-

qceva leonti mrovelma aRwera.

191

wameba wmida da didebuli mowame

arCil qarTlis mefisa

da rom gavida ormocdaaTi643 weli, isev movida WiWnaumi644,

mohamedis Ze645, moaoxra da Semusra qarTlSi yoveli nageboba

da gaemarTa kaxeTSi Sesasvlelad, rom aeoxrebina da saerTod

gaeukacrielebina [igi]. didi SiSi hqondaT mefeebs646, mTavrebsa

da mTel xalxs da ar SeeZloT winaaRmdegobis gaweva, radgan,

miuxedavad imisa, rom mravali dro iyo gasuli mSvidobianad mas

Semdeg, rac es qveyana [murvan] yrus gaenadgurebina, [igi mainc]

veRar dabruneboda uwindel mdgomareobas.

xolo wmida arCilma, Tavisi gulis mxneobiT gadawyvita

Tavis gonebaSi, rom mivides, naxos [WiWnaumi] da sTxovos mSvi-

doba qveynisaTvis da eklesiebis Seuryevlad dacva, rom ar ai-

Zulebdes647 [igi qristianebs] sarwmunoebisagan gandgomas. [ar-

Cilma] RmerTze mindobiT gadawyvita sakuTari Tavisa da sulis

gawirva qristianebis gamosaxsnelad, adga da mivida WiWnaumTan,

romelsac erqva asimi.

xolo man, rogorc ki gaigo misi misvla, miegeba sixaruliT da

didi pativiT moikiTxa. is dRe erTad gaatares. [WiWnaumi] aqebda

mis sikarges648, moswonda misi tanadoba, ufro metad ki misi saxis

mSveniereba. ramodenime dRis Semdeg [WiWnaumma] pirferobiT dau-

192

wyo laparaki, hpirdeboda saCuqrebs, sTavazobda da urCevda649

qristes rwmenis uaryofas da sarkinozad650 gadaqcevas. xolo wmi-

da arCilma sulac ar irwmuna misi sicrue da mtkice gonebiT miu-

go: ̀ nu iqneba ise, rom Seni sityvebi davijero, an mivatovo qriste

– cocxali RmerTi, romelic aris WeSmariti RmerTi, romelmac

Cveni gadarCenisaTvis sikvdili daiTmina xorciT, xolo Tuki

davijereb Sensas, icode, rom movkvdebi sikvdiliT, romliTac

saukunod davitanjebi. xolo, Tuki Sen momklav, aRvdgebi [mkv-

dreTiT], rogorc Cveni RmerTi da masTan erTad meqneba dideba~.

es yovelive rom moismina im urjulom da dainaxa misi Seu-

ryeveli simtkice, Zalian gaukvirda da brZana misi Sepyroba da

cixeSi Casma, rom ZaliT gadaeyvana [islamze]; radgan ar undoda

misi sikvdili misi saxis mSvenierebisa da misi tanadobis gamo.

da roca Casves cixeSi [arCili], akurTxebda RmerTs da iTxov da

misgan Sewevnas, rom misi mowyalebiT dausrulebel naTelTan

miaxlebisa da [masSi] damkvidrebis Rirsi gamxdariyo yve la

wmidanTan erTad, vinc RmrTisaTvis sikvdiliT ukvdaveba moi-

pova.

maSin wardga asimis winaSe sarkinozad gadaqceuli erTi

gardabneli mTavari, romlis mamis Zma moeklaT wanarebs651 da misi

mkvlelebi dausjelad gaeSva arCilis papas, adarnase mefes652.

amisTvis Suri iZia im gardabnelma da uTxra asims: ̀ ar ici, Tu vin

aris es arCili? es aris stefanozis653 Ze, didi mefe vaxtangis654

STamomavali, romelic iyo qasres Zis mirianis655 monaTesaveTa-

gani. da igi mamamisTan erTad iyo, roca damales qarTlis samefo

saganZuri da isic icis, herakle mefem656 rom gadamala Tavisi sa-

ganZuri, radgan heraklemac aCvena sadac Seinaxa~.

es yovelive rom moismina, asimma kvlav ixmo TavisTan arCili

da uTxra: `uwin Tvali agvixvie Seni saxierebiT, rameTu Zalian

kargi Sesaxedavi xar, xolo axla miTxres Sen Sesaxeb, rom xos-

roiani657 didi mefeebis STamomavali xar. maS, ufro dafasdebi

Cems TvalSi, Tuki damijereb me, Seni samefo Senve dagrCeba da

Seni mama-papis saganZursac Senve mogcem. oRond jer miCvene

193

berZeni658 mefeebis saganZuri, gadmodi Cems rjulze da gaxdi

sarkinozi da me gaqcev Sen qarTlis jarebis ufrosad da qarT-

lis mosaxleobis mefed da patronad~.

maSin miugo da uTxra wmida arCilma: `danamdvilebiT icode,

rom me maSin patara bavSvi viyavi, roca am qveyanaze gaiara her-

akle mefem. xolo mamaCemma da Cemma Zmam mTeli saganZuri im cix-

eSi daawyves, sadac Sevida yru amira659 da axla is [cixe-simagre]

berZnebs uWiravT. xolo me ar mivatoveb Cems ufal RmerTs, arc

dausrulebel didebas gavyidi am swrafwarmaval [didebaze]~.

miugo asimma da uTxra: ̀ afxazeTSi sarkinozebis SeWris dros

Sen iq iyavi?~

uTxra wmida arCilma: `me viyavi maSin, roca daamxo isini

RmerTma~.

uTxra asimma: `romelma RmerTma daamcira sarkinozebi?~

miugo wmida arCilma da uTxra: `cocxalma RmerTma, romelic

aris Semoqmedi cisa da qveynisa, romelic cidan qveynad movida

kacTa modgmis gadasarCenad. da Tavisi sikvdiliT Cven aRgvadgi-

na da ukvdaveba mogvaniWa. swored man dasca da daamarcxa isini~.

maSin uTxra asimma wmida arCils: `visi RmerTic mokvdavia da

mokvdavis mimarT aqvs sicocxlis imedi, imasac sikvdili unda~.

da brZana wmida arCilis Tavis mokveTa da mokvla, ar moer-

ida mis sikarges, arc misi didebulobisa da warCinebulobisa

Sercxva. gaiyvanes gareT da mohkveTes Tavi660 mirkanis TveSi,

romelic aris marti, am Tvis ocSi. da Seavedra man suli Tavis

dambadebels, airCia ukvdavebis momtani sikvdili, es wuTieri,

mcire drois mefoba dausrulebel sixarulSi gacvala. Rirsi

gaxda imisa, rom wmidanTa da mxne mowameTa mwyobrSi warmdgari-

yo RmerTis winaSe da maTTan erTad gvirgvinosani ixarebs wmida

samebis winaSe.

xolo roca gardaicvala wmida mowame [arCili], movidnen

tbeli goderZianni661 da maTTan erTad sxva mameani aznaurebi662,

moipares wmida mowame arCilis gvami, wamoiRes da Semures663 didi

pativiT. da damarxes notkoraSi, mis mier aSenebul eklesiaSi.

194

xolo misma colma miwebiT daajildova isini, romelTac moas-

venes wmida arCilis gvami kaxeTSi dasamkvidreblad.

es wigni, misi wamebisa, aRmoCnda ase Zalze mokled dawerili,

romelic droTa ukuRmarTobis gamo rigianad veravis daewera.

xolo qarTvelTa cxovrebis es wigni vaxtangamde iwereboda

drodadro, xolo vaxtang mefidan aqamde dawera juanSer juan-

Serianma, wmida arCilis Zmiswulis qmarma, mirianis Zis revis664

naTesavma. amis Semdeg ki SemdgomSi momavalma Taobebma daweron,

rogorc dainaxon da arsebulma drom Sesacnobad misces maT Rm-

rTivganbrZnobili goneba.

195

SeniSvnebi

1 Zveli qarTuli teqstis analizs im daskvnamde mivyavarT, rom am Tavma

gviandeli redaqtoris Zlieri Careva ganicada. mkiTxvelis yuradRebas

mivapyrobs im faqts, rom Zveli qarTuli teqstis saTaurSive gvaqvs

uCveulo forma _ 'qarTuelTa~, maSin, rodesac yvelgan 'mefeTa

cxovrebaSi~ gvaqvs forma _ 'qarTvelTa~. 2 'ranebi~ _ kavkasiel albanTa erT-erTi saxelwodeba. momdinareobs

iranuli saxelwodebidan _ 'aran~. ranTa miwa igivea rac miTiuri

bardosis wilxvedri miwa, romelis sazRvrebic qvemoT aris Semoxazuli.

qarTuli 'ranni~ unda iyvnen somxuri wyaroebis 'utiebi~, dRevandeli

mcirericxovani eTnosis udebis winaprebi, romlebic cxovrobdnen

Tanamedrove azerbaijanis da saqarTvelos teritoriaze. VII s-is

somxuri anonimi geografis cnobiT, bardavi iyo utis provinciis mTavari

qalaqi.3 'movaknelebi” _ iTvlebian kavkasiis albanTa erT-erT ganStoebad

da mecnierebi mas akavSireben antikuri avtorebis mik/mok/mukebTan

(Алиев С. К. К вопросу о племенах Кавказской Албании, Исследования по истории культуры народов Востока. М.-Л., 1960, с. 15), romlebic

cxovrobdnen md. araqsis auzSi. movakani iyo mxare aRmosavleT

amierkavkasiaSi, gviandeli periodis Sirvani, romlis Crdilo nawili,

garkveul dros, saqarTveloSi Semodioda. amJamad azerbaijanis

teritoriazea. SesaZloa, ‘movakan” iyos sparsuli saxelwodebis _ 'balakan”, ‘balasakan” saxecvlili varianti, miRebuli b//m da l//v

bgeraTmonacvleobiT.4 'herebi” _ kavkasiuri tomi, romelic saxlobda istoriuli albaneTis

dasavleT nawilSi, hereTSi. mecnierTa azriT, herebi genetikurad

ekuTvnodnen iberiul-kavkasiuri ojaxis naxur-daRestnur jgufs,

romelTa nawilic, jer kidev antikur epoqaSi, asimilirebul iqnen

aRmosavlur qarTvelur tomTa mier. X s-dan hereTi gaxda saqarTvelos

samefos nawili. XI s-is bolos qarTul istoriul wyaroebSi hereTi

ewodeba mTel kaxeTs. saeWvoa n. berZeniSvilis mosazreba, TiTqos

eTnonim hers kavSiri hqondes Zvel qarTul sityvasTan _ 'eri” = mxedroba, jari _ saidanac momdinareobs sityva _ 'erisTavi” (herebTan da hereTTan dakavSirebiT ix.: Такайшвили Е. С. Источники грузинских летописей. - Сборник материалов для описания местностей и племен Кавказа, 1900, вып. 28, Тифлис, с. 8; см. также: Ингороква П. Леонти Мровели, с. 123; Ингороква П. Леон ти Мровели, с. 123; Кекелидзе К. С. К истории грузинской культуры в эпоху монгольского господства, etiudebi Zveli qarTuli

196

literaturis istoriidan, t. II, Tb., 1945, gv. 315-316). Cemi azriT,

eTnonimi ‘her” sparsauli ‘aran”-is (Arrân) qarTuli variantia,

romelic, mogvianebiT, daukavSirda qarTvelTa samefoSi mcxovreb

asilimilirebul albanelebs.5 'lekebi” _ daRestnel xalxTa krebiTi saxeli qarTulSi. strabonTan

‘legebi” ixseniebian, rogorc istoriul albaneTSi mcxovrebi erT-

erTi skviTuri tomi. arsebobs mosazreba, rom jer kidev adreul

SuasaukuneebSi, eTnonimi ‘leki” ixmareboda krebiTi mniSvnelobiT

(Абдуллаев И. X., Микаилов К. Ш., К истории дагестанских этнонимов лезг и лак.- В кн.: Этнография имен. М., 1971, с. 15; ср.: История Дагестана, т. I, с. 124)

6 'megrelebi~ _ eTnonimi momdinareobs Zveli qarTuli 'egrisidan~,

romelsac Seesatyviseba antikuri 'kolxida~ da bizantiuri

xanis 'lazika~. SesaZloa, toponimi 'egris~-i etimologiurad

ukavSirdebedos berZnul zmnas e7geiVrw = 'gaRviZeba~, 'adgoma~,

'aRgzneba~, radgan, berZnuli samyarosTvis egrisidan, rogorc Savi

zRvis ukidures aRmosavleTidan amodioda mze da iRviZebda dRe. 7 'kavkasianebi~ _ 'mefeTa cxovrebis~ xalxTa genealogiaSi yvelaze

ufro zogadi da krebiTi eTnonimi, romelic gulisxmobs Crdilo

kavkasiel xalxebs, romlebic gansaxlebuli iyvnen md. Tergidan,

dasavleTiT, kavkasiis qedis dasasrulamde. 'mefeTa cxovrebaSi~

erTmaneTisgan mkveTrad arian gamijnuli aborigeni kavkasianebi da

kavkasiaSi mogvianebiT dasaxlebuli 'ovsebi~, dRevandeli osebis

winaprebi.8 'am modgmebis mama erTi iyo~ _ TargamosianTa, anu kavkasiel xalxTa

erTiani warmoSobis 'qarTlis cxovrebis~-euli versiis Sesaxeb

mravali mosazreba arsebobs. swori unda iyos mosazreba, rom es

Teoria armenofil avtors ekuTvnis. TargamosSi igulisxmeba bibliuri

Togarma (dab. 10:3).9 'Targamosi iyo TarSis Ze ... noes Zis Ziswuli~ _ teqstiseuli

TarSi SeiZleba gaigivdes an bibliur TirasTan, iafeTis ZesTan

(dab. 10:2), an TarSiSTan, iafeTis Zis, iavanis ZesTan (dab. 10:4).

magram orive SemTxvevaSi Targamos/Togarmas teqstiseuli genealogia

ewinaaRmdegeba bibliur xalxTa genealogias, romlis mixedviTac

Togarma aris Ze gomerisa, Zisa iafeTisa, Zisa noesi (dab. 10:1-3).

Sdr. m. xorenacis genealogiasTan: noe-iafeti-gameri-Tirasi-Torgomi-

haiki (I, 5).10 'babiloni” _ (Bab-il = RmerTis karibWe) qalaqi Zvel SuamdinareTSi,

evfratis sanapiroze. daaarses Sumerebma Zv. w. III aTaswleulSi. iyo

Zveli aRmosavleTis politikuri ekonomikuri da kulturuli centri

197

da aleqsandre makedonelis imperiis dedaqalaqi. Zv. w. 312 wels

selevkos I nikatorma babilonis mosaxleobis didi nawili selevkiaSi

gadaasaxla. am droidan babilonma dakarga Tavisi mniSvneloba.

qalaqis nangrevebi aRmoCenilia baRdadidan samxreTiT, 88 km-Si, q.

hilis maxloblad.11 babilonis godolis mSeneblobis, enaTa aRrevisa da erTa gayofis

Sesaxeb ix. dab. 11:3-9.12 ‘ararati da masisi” _ ‘mefeTa cxovrebaSi” warmodgenilia rogorc

ori sxvadasxva mTa, magram sinamdvileSi, masisi dRevandeli araratis

mTis (5165 m.) somxuri saxelwodebaa (Turq. ‘agridaR”). movses xorenaci

axsenebs mxolod araratis ‘qveyanas”, ‘miwas”, magram ara mTas. masisis

mTis bibliuri araratis mTasTan gaigiveba gviandeli, XI-XII ss-ebis

movlenaa (Православная Энциклопедия, т. III, Арарат, ст. 175). Zvel qarTul

literaturul ZeglebSi, iSviaTad, ixsenieba ‘araratis queyana”,

magram isic Zveli somxuridan naTargmn ZeglebSi _ ‘grigol parTelis

cxovreba”, ‘rifsimes da gaianes martviloba” da ‘izidbozidis

martviloba”. am mxriv gamonaklisia mxolod ‘daviT aRmaSeneblis

cxovreba”, sadac zogadad naxsenebia ‘somxiTisa da araratis mTebi”.

es garemoebebic miuTiTeben, rom ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” pirveli Tavis

mniSvnelovani nawili ar aris ‘mefeTa cxovrebis” avTenturi nawili

da igi gviandeli redaqtoris Canamatia.13 Sdr. m. xorenaci: ‘haiks ar surda yofliyo misi qveSevrdomi,

[amitom] babilonSi vaJis, aramaneakis SeZenis Semdeg gaeSura

igi CrdiloeTis mxareebSi mdebare araradis qveynisaken Tavisi

vaJebiTa da qaliSvilebiT, SviliSvilebiT, daaxloebiT samas

mZleTa mZle kacTan, agreTve msaxurebsa da SemokedlebulebTan

erTad, mTeli avla-didebiT. igi mivida da damkvidrda erTi

mTis Ziras, vakeze, sadac ukve dasaxlebuliyo mcireodeni xalxi

adrindeli gafantvis dros” (I, 10).14 Cemi azriT, Zveli qarTuli teqstis gamocemisas es adgili gasworebas

moiTxovs. ‘col mraval” (or sityvad) ekuTvnis TviT Targamoss da

ara misi Zeebs.15 ‘icocxla eqvsasi weli” _ arc bibliaSi da arc m. xorenacisTan

Targamosis sicocxlis wlebi naCvenebi ar aris. gaurkvevelia, saidan

aiRo qarTuli matianis redaqtorma cnoba, rom Targamosma icocxla

eqvsasi weli. bibliis mixedviT, noes Svilebi (semi, qami da iafeti)

rom SeeZina, iyo 500 wlis, 600 wlis iyo warRvna rom moxda, xolo

950 wlis iyo rom mokvda (dab. 5:32; 7:6; 9:28-29).16 Sdr. m. xorenacis TxzulebaSi Sesabamisi adgili: ‘isini gamravldnen

da aavses aremare” (I, 12).

198

17 ‘gurganis zRva” _ kaspiis zRvis axalsparsuli saxelwodeba. zogi

mecnieri (g. wulaia) fiqrobs, rom es SesaZloa amtkicebdes ‘mefeTa

cxovrebis” avtoris mier misi Tanadrouli sparsuli wyaroebis

gamoyenebas. magram sainteresoa, rom es saxelwodeba ixmareba ‘mefeTa

cxovrebaSi” kidev mxolod orjel da isic, yvela niSniT, gviandeli

redaqtoris CanarTSi. sxva adgilas kaspiis zRvas ewodeba darubandis

zRva (ix. Sen 45). 18 ‘pontos zRva” _ ‘ponto” berZnulad zogadad zRvas niSnavs, xSir

SemTxvevaSi, berZnul da sxva enovan wyaroebSi, es saxelwodeba mxolod

Savi zRvis mimarT gamoiyeneboda. aRsaniSnavia, rom am saxeliT Savi

zRva aRniSnulia mxolod pirvel TavSi _ ‘hambavi rvaTa ZmaTaÁ” _ samjer, xolo Semdgom TavSi _ ‘hambavi qarTlisaÁ” _ Sav zRvas ewodeba speris zRva (oTxjer), rac Cemi azriT ori avtoris, ukeT,

ori redaqtoris xelze miuTiTebs.19 ‘oreTis mTa” _ i. javaxiSvilma es adgili waikiTxa rogorc _ ‘zRuaÁ

oreTisi”. s. yauxCiSvilis konieqturiT unda iyos: ‘mTa oreTisi”. dRemde

gaurkvevelia Tu ra unda igulisxmebodes orive wakiTxvis SemTxvevaSi.

gamoTqmulia mosazreba (s. gamsaxurdia), rom oreTis mTa saZiebelia

sadRac midiis teritoriaze. Cemi azriT saxelwodeba ‘oreTi” SeiZleba

momdinareobdes berZnuli sityvidan §ro" an ©ro", qarTuli -eT sufiqsis

darTviT. Zv. berZnulSi §ro" aRniSnavda ‘mTas”, ‘SemaRlebas”, xolo

©ro" _ ‘zRvars”, ‘mijnas”, ‘samans”, ‘sasazRvro niSans”, ‘sazRvars”.

am SemTxvevaSi, dasadgenia, sad mdebareobda armeniis samxreTi sazRvrebi

antikuri da bizantiuri literaturis Zeglebis mixedviT da gadioda

Tu ara is romelime mTaze, an mTis qedze. 20 ‘mTa kavkasia” _ konteqstidan gamomdinare, igulisxmeba kavkasiis

mTavari qedi, didi kavkasioni da ara romelime konkretuli mTa, mag.

ialbuzi, rogorc es teqstis gviandel sqolioebSia. 21 aRsaniSnavia, rom Zv. somxur saistorio mwerlobaSi somxebis miTiur eTnarqs

hqvia ‘haiki”, romelic momdinareobs somxebis TviTsaxelwodebidan ‘hai”

da, am SemTxvevaSi, kavSiri somxur tradiciasa da ‘mefeTa cxovrebas”

Soris naTelia (igulisxmeba gviandeli redaqtoris xeli). aRsaniSnavia

isic, rom qarTul mwerlobaSi somxebis da sxva kavkasiel xalxTa

eTnarqebis saxeli motanilia berZnuli formiT, - o" sufiqsis darTviT.22 ‘qarTlosi” _ qarTvelTa miTiuri eTnarqi.23 ‘bardosi” _ kavkasiis albaneTis qalaq bardavis miTiuri damaarsebeli.

‘mefeTa cxovrebis mixedviT, bardavis Camomavlebi arian ranebi,

romelebic dasawyisSi arian moxseniebulni saxeliT ‘ranni”.

sasanur epoqaSi cnobili iyo Sirvanis saxelwodebiT. arabebi ‘aranis”

saxelwodebiT aRniSnavdnen kavkasiis albaneTs. werilobiT wyaroebSi

199

arani gvxvdeba VI s-dan. IX-X ss-ebis da Semdgomi periodis wyaroebi

‘arans” uwodeben ZiriTadad araqsisa da mtkvars Soris mdebare

stepur zonas (Tanamedrove milis stepi) qalqebis bardas, ganjis da

bailakanis CaTvliT.24 ’movakanosi” _ movaknelTa, erT-erTi albanuri tomis, miTiuri

eTnarqi (ix. Sen. 3).25 ’lekosi” _ daRestnel xalxTa miTiuri eTnarqi.26 ’herosi” _ erT-erTi albanuri tomis, herebis miTiuri eTnarqi.27 ’kavkasosi” _ Crdilokavkasiel xalxTa miTiuri eTnarqi.28 ’egrosi” _ egrisis mcxovrebTa miTiuri eTnarqi.29 ’arzanigebisaebr” _ armenizmia, momdinareobs somxuri sityvidan _

’arJaniq” = ’fasi”, ’Rirebuleba”, ’Rirseba”. es miuTiTebs gviandeli

re daqtoris CanarTze, radgan momdevno winadadeba faqtiurad Tar-

gmani-perifrazia wina winadadebisa. Zvel somxur TargmanSi gvaqvs

sityva ’arJeloÁ” = ’Rirseba”. imis warmosaCenad, rom, marTlac,

teq sti damuSavebulia gviandeli redaqtoris mier, sityva davtove

uTargmnelad.30 ’berdujis mdinare” _ vaxuSti mas aigivebs md. debedasTan (md. xramis

Senakadi). am azrs iziarebs g. wulaia. sxva mecnierTa (l. meliqseT-

begi, p. muradiani da sxv.) azriT, berdujis mdinareSi igulisxmeba

md. Zegami, anu Zegam-Cai dRevandel somxeTis respublikaSi (vaxuSti

bagrationi, saqarTvelos geografia, Tb., 1997, gv. 241).31 saubaria sam sxvadasxva qedze.32 ’Rado” _ vaxuSti Rados mTas fersaTis mTasTan aigivebs da masSi

mesxeTis qedis aRmosavleT nawils gulisxmobs (v. bagrationi,

saqarTvelos geografia, Tb., 1997, gv. 264).33 ’lixi” _ lixis mTa, igive suramis qedi, igive qarTl-imereTis qedi.

saxelwodeba unda momdinareobdes berZnuli sityvidan ¦ lvcno" (pl. - t+ lvcna) ’naTura”, ’sanaTuri”. qarTulSi ’lixni” unda aRqmuliyo

mravlobiTi formis saxelad, saidanac iwarmoa mxolobiTi forma _ ’lixi”. msgavsi etimologiisa sof. lixni afxazeTSi.

34 ’araxsi” _ md. araqsis Zveli saxelwodeba.35 ’bardavi” _ Zveli qalaqis, bardavis nangrevebi mdebareobs dRevandel

qalaq bardas axlos, yarabaRis velze, mtkvris marjvena Senakadis,

md. terteris (trtu) napirze. IV s-dan cnobilia parTavis saxeliT.

V-VII ss-ebSi iyo sasanuri albaneTis centri. VIII s-dan arabeTis

xalifatis SemadgenlobaSia. XIII s-Si gaanadgures mongolebma. iyo

aranis, qarTuli wyaroebis ranTa da somxuri wyaroebis utiebis

(Tanamedrove udebi) mTavari qalaqi.36 ‘mcire alazani” _ igive iori, md. ioris Zveli saxelwodeba.

200

37 igulisxmeba kaspiis zRva.38 ‘qalaqi movakneTi” _ vaxuStis mixedviT mdebareobda mtkvrisa da

alaznis SesarTavTan, rac ar unda iyos swori. vfiqrob, rom es unda

yofiliyo qalaqi bailakani, mtkvrisa da araqsis SesarTavTan.39 ‘qalaqi hereTi ... axla im adgils hqvia xoranTa” _ mdebareoba

gaurkvevelia. mecnierebaSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebiT, xoranTa mde-

bareobda mdinareebis ivrisa da alaznis SesarTavSi da unda yofiliyo

hereTis centri (n. papuaSvili). vaxuStis mixedviT, qalaqi sabolood

daeca mongolTa batonobis xanaSi.40 igulisxmeba Savi zRvis mimdebare teritoria.41 lixis Sesaxeb ix. Sen 33. 42 Zveli qarTuli teqstidan gamodis, TiTqos arsebobda didi da mcire

xazareTi, magram amgvar geografiul terminebs Zveli wyaroebi ar

icnoben, amitom, ‘mdinare mcirisa Xazaretisay”axal qarTulad

gadmovitaneT ara rogorc ‘mcire xazareTis mdinare”, aramed

rogorc ‘xazareTis mcire mdinare”. aseTi Targmanis siswores

amtkicebs qvemo pasaJic, sadac saubaria xazareTis did mdinareze.

miRebuli mosazrebiT, ‘xazareTis mcire mdinare” unda gulisxmobdes

md. yubans, xolo ‘xazareTis didi mdinare” _ md. volgas.43 ‘qalaqi egrisi” _ mematianis ganmartebiT, dRevandeli bedia, sofeli

oCamCiris raionSi. XI-XIII saukuneebSi dawinaurebuli saqalaqo da

samonastro kompleqsi (См.: Анчабадзе З.В. Из истории средневековой Абхазии, с. 177).

44 kavkasiis CrdiloeTiT mdebare miwebis ukacrielebis, an im adgilebSi

ve luri tomebis mosaxlobis Tema, Zveli mwerlobis popularuli Tema

iyo. 45 ‘darubandis zRva” _ kaspiis zRva. saxelwodeba momdinareobs

adre Su asaukuneebSi kaspiis zRvispiras mdebare qalaq darubandis

saxelwodebidan, romelic qarTul wyaroebSi ‘Coris” saxeliTaa

cnobili (axlandeli q. derbenti daRestanSi kaspiis zRvis piras).46 ‘lomekis mdinare” _ md. Tergi. arsebobs mosazreba, rom saxelwodeba

mom dinareobs vainaxuri sityvaTwyobidan _ ‘lome-xi”, rac mTis

mdinares niSnavs.47 ‘xazareTis didi mdinare” _ md. volga. ix. Sen. 42.48 kavkasis STamomavlebSi, rogorc qvemoT davinaxavT, igulisxmebian

Crdilo-aRmosavleT kavkasiaSi mosaxle vainaxuri tomebi. SesaZloa

masSi igulisxmebodnen aseve Cerqezul-adiReuri tomebic, magram

teqstSi maTze araferia naTqvami.49 avtori haosis samyofelis CrdiloeT sazRvrebSi gulisxmobs qarTlosis

da bardosis (rogorc zemoT weria) samxreT sazRvrebi: qarTlosis:

201

‘samxreTiT _ mTa, romelic mihyveba berdujis mdinaris saTaves da mTa,

romelic miuyveba dasavleTisken da romlis wyalic gardamoedineba

CrdiloeTisken da erTvis mtkvars, mTa, romelic miuyveba klarjeTsa

da taos Soris vidre zRvamde”; da bardosis: ‘mtkvris samxreTiT,

berdujis mdinaridan iqamde, sadac mtkvari da araxsi Seiyrebian”.50 ix. Sen. 19.51 ‘nebroTi” _ Zveli aRTqmis nebroTi, qamis SviliSvili, quSis Ze,

pirveli monadire da meomari (dab. 10: 8-10)52 Sdr. nebroTisa da haikis brZolis epizodi movses xorenacisTan (I,

11). iq haiki ibrZvis nebroTis winaaRmdeg marto, xolo ‘mefeTa

cxovrebis” mixedviT nebroTs ebrZvian kavkasieli xalxebi. gviandeli

redaqtoris mier qarTuli versia, aSkarad, Sejerebulia somxur

xorenaciseuli versiasTan, kavkasieli xalxebisa da somxebis saerTo

warmoSobis damtkicebis mizniT.53 ‘adarbadagani” _ Tanamedrove iranis CrdiloeT teritoria.

saxelwodeba momdinareobs aleqsandre makedonelis droindeli

satrapis _ atropates saxelidan. adarbadagani mdebareobda

istoriuli albaneTis (aranis) samxreTiT. ar unda agverios dRevandel

azerbaijanis respublikasTan.54 miaqcieT yuradReba, rom nebroTTan ZiriTad brZolas awarmoebs Svidi

Zma haosis gamoklebiT.55 Zv. qarTul teqstebSi ‘haeris sisastike” niSnavs haeris Zvrisgan

warmoSobil bunebriv movlenebs _ Weqa-quxils da setyvas; Sdr.

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si: ‘da mivhxeden mtata Ärdiloysata,

rametu dÌeta zapxulisata savseni Ändes haerita sasïiÖita da

tovlita~ (ix. sinuri versia; WeliSurSi teqsti damaxinjebulia);

iqve: ‘gço mÖwdr Mcxetas êina msaxurad Armazisa, daÌacatu haerisa

mis sipicxlita êeimusra~ (WeliSuri redaqcia).56 es mxatvruli Sedarebebi gviandeli CanarTi unda iyos; ‘qarTlis

cxovrebis~ Zv. somxur TargmanSi suraTi ufro Zunwadaa aRwerili:

‘Seejaxnen erTimeores saSineli da sastiki kveTebiT, TiTqos

RrubelTa kveTebis xmaao~ (qarT. cx. Zv. somx. Targm., gv. 9).57 ‘armazi~ _ erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi sakulto adgili da mTa Zvel

qarTlSi. straboni (I s. Cv. w.) mas ixseniebs, rogorc gamagrebul

qalaqs, armozikes saxeliT. armazis Sesaxeb informacia moipoveba

pliniusTan (Cv. w. I s.) da ptolemeosis ‘geografiaSi~ (II s. Cv.

w.). sityvebi ‘movida ... adgilsa mas, sada êeertws Aragw MïÖuarsa,

da ganvida mtasa mas zeda, romelsa eÂodebis Armazi~ gulisxmobs,

rom am sityvebis avtori ijda mcxeTaSi, romlisTvisac armazis mTa

mtkvris gaRma mdebareobda, amitomac sityva _ ‘ganvida~ gulisxmobs

202

ara armazis mTaze asvlas, aramed mcxeTidan mtkvris gaRma, armazis

mTis midamoebSi gadasvlas. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, avtori dawerda:

‘aÌvida mtasa mas zeda, romelsa eÂodebis Armazi“.58 es aris ‘mefeTa cxovrebis“ avtoris mier misi erT-erTi wyaros ‘moqcevaÁ

qar TlisaÁ“-s Sesabamisi pasaJis araswori gagebis da perifrazirebis

Se degi (ix. g. araxamia, ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ“ da ‘cxovreba qarT -

velTa mefeTa“, istoriul-wyaroTmcodneobiTi gamokvlevebi, 1991;

n. nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis saTaveebTan

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsa“ da `qarTvel mefeTa cxovrebis“ mixedviT,

sakandidato disertacia xelnaweris uflebiT, 2006).59 mTlianad es pasaJi literaturuli xasiaTisaa da ar SeiZleba

masSi raime istoriuli realoba veZioT, rogorc amas akeTebs rigi

istorikosebisa, romlebic dRemde armazis mTas mTa-qarTlis saxeliT

moixsenieben.60 ‘xunani“ _ gardabnis mxaris centri, qarTlis aRmosavleT sazRvarze

adreSuasaukuneebis cixe-qalaqi. igivdeba dRevandel TofrayalasTan,

qciasa da mtkvris SesarTavSi. saxelwodeba SeiZleba ukavSirdebodes

strabonis mier moxseniebul hidronims albaneTSi _ xani. VII s-is

somxur anonimur geografiaSi da movses xorenacis ‘istoriaSi“

moxseniebulia saxelwodebiT _ ‘xnarakerti“, movses kalankatuelTan

_ ‘xunarakerti“. zusti adgilmdebareoba ucnobia. d. musxeliSvilma

yuradReba miaqcia, rom anania Sirakacis Sromis erT-erT xelnawerSi

xnarakerts ewodeba _ ‘xancix“, rac unda niSnavdes ‘x/un/ancixes“, romlis mixedviTac igi mdebareobda mtkvris marjvena sanapiroze, misi

Canakadis, tauz-Cais CrdiloeTiT. Cemi mxridan davamatebdi, rom VII

saukunis anonimi somexi geografis TxzulebaSi veriis, anu iveriis

qveyanaSi arsebul provinciebs Soris 21-ed dasaxelebulia ‘xanicx“. 61 ‘speris zRva“ _ rogorc Cans, swored am saxeliT moixsenieboda Savi

zRva ‘mefeTa cxovrebis“ Tavdapirvel redaqciaSi da ara ‘pontos

zRvad“, rogorc es gvaqvs aSkarad gviandeli redaqtoris CanarTebSi,

razedac zemoT ukve gvqonda saubari (ix. Sen. 18).62 ‘orbis cixe“ _ samSvildis saerisTavos, anu gaCianis mxaris centri, ro-

melic daaarsa qarTlosis mexuTe Svilma gaCiosma. vaxuStisTan ixsenieba

orbeTis cixis saxelwodebiT da gaigivebulia samSvildis cixesTan.63 ‘samSvilde“ _ istoriuli saqarTvelos erT-erTi samxreT provinciis

centri. S. mesxia samSvildis aRmocenebis TariRad miiCnevs Zv. w. IV

s-s. amJamad naqalaqari TeTriwyaros raionSi.64 ‘mtveris cixe“ _ savaraudod cixe xunanis axlos. misi saxelwodebidan

gamomdinare, d. musxeliSvili fiqrobs, rom igi unda iyos Tanamedrove

toprax-kala.

203

65 ‘gardabosi” _ gardabanelTa eponimi. 66 miTiuri mamaTmTavrebis saxelebSi asaxulia avtorisdroindeli

qarTlis administraciuli dayofa.67 qarTlosis cxovrebisa da mis xuT Zes Soris qveviT moTxrobil qveynis

gayofis ambavsa da Targamosis cxovrebisa da misi Camomavlobis ambavs

Soris aSkarad igrZnoba damokidebuleba.68 ‘deda-cixe” _ aq igivea, rac samSvilde. Zvelad am saxeliT ramdenime

cixe iwodeboda. garda samSvildisa, dedacixed iwodeboda cixe

TeZmis xeobaSi, eriqalis mTis ZirSi da cixe ivris xeobis boWormaSi

(v. bagrationi, saqarTvelos geografia, Tb., 1997, gv. 255-256). 69 ‘bostan-qalaqi, romelsac axla qvia rusTavi” _ ‘bostan” spar su-

li sityvaa da niSnavs baRs, parks, surnelovan adgils.70 ‘gardabosis samflobelo” _ am teritorias gardabani hqvia. miTiuri

gardabosis kuTvnili teritoria. sparsul da somxur wyaroebSi mas

Seesatyviseba ‘gardmani”. qarTul wyaroebSi cnobilia aseve ‘garbani”.

a. SaniZe Tvlida, rom saxeli ‘gardabani” miRebulia ‘garda-uban”-idan

da niSnavs gaRma ubans (a. SaniZe, qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, Tb.,

1973, gv. 261). n. mari am saxelSi xedavda satomo saxels _ ‘qarT”. amis safuZvelze p. ingoroyvam ‘gardabani” gaiazra rogorc ‘qarT-abani”,

anu ‘qarTvelTa mxare” (p. ingoroyva, giorgi merCule, TB., 1954, gv.

470). g. bedoSvils miaCnia, rom am saxelwodebis amosavalia ‘gare

dabani” (g. bedoSvili, qarTul toponimTa ganmartebiT-etimologiuri

leqsikoni, Tb., 2002, gv. 93-94). Cemi azriT arcerTi am mosazrebaTagani

swori ar aris. ‘gardabani” igivea, rac sparsul-arabuli da somxuri

wyaroebis ‘gardmani”. avesturi garôdmâma/garônmâna (man. saS. sp. gr’sm’n, parT. grdm’n, sogd. °r’rδmn) niSnavs ‘simReris saxls”, misi

sinonimebia ‘umaRlesi ca”, ‘samoTxe”.71 ‘orbis cixe” _ ix. Sen. 52.72 ‘skvireTis mdinare” _ axl. md. vere Tbilisis midamoebSi, mtkvars

marjvnidan mierTvis. 73 ‘abocis Tavi” _ aboci iyo istoriuli saqarTvelos samxreT provincia

md. axurianis auzSi, arfas tafobze. amJamad somxeTSia. abocis mTa

aris dRevandeli bezobdalis qedi. 74 ‘gaCiani” _ qalaqi gaCiani mdebareobda maSavris SesarTavs qvemoT, md.

qcias marjvena napirze. 75 ‘sanadiro qalaqi” _ igive gaCiani. 76 ‘kaxeTis mTa” _ kavkasionis samxreT ganStoeba, md. ivrisa da iltos

wyalgamyofi qedi.77 ‘kuxosis samflobelo” _ kuxeTi, mxare Zvel saqarTveloSi, moicavda

TianeTis, gare kaxeTisa da hereTis zegans.

204

78 ‘kaxosis samflobelo” _ kaxeTi, uZveles dros kaxeTis mxare moicavda

teritorias ivris zemo wels, TianeTsa da ujarmas Soris.79 ‘CeleTi” _ aigiveben JaleTTan, ist. qalaqTan ivris xeobaSi, axl.

nasoflari maJaloiani, TianeTis raionSi.80 xazgasmulia kaxebisa da kuxebis tomTa gansakuTrebuli siaxlove.81 ‘beri, kaxeTis pirvelSeni” _ azri bundovania.82 ‘mcxeTa” _ saqarTvelos (qarTlis samefos) Zveli dedaqalaqi,

umniSvnelovanesi savaWro da samxedro punqti. saxelwodebis eti mo logia

mTlad naTeli ar aris. umetesoba mecnierebisa (n. mari, iv. javaxiSvili,

a. SaniZe, g. axvlediani, arn. Ciqobava, g. meliqiSvili, s. yauxCiSvili,

z. WumburuZe) iziarebs p. ioselianis mier XIX s-Si gamoTqmul azrs,

rom ‘mcxeTa” ukavSirdeba erT-erTi qarTveluri tomis _ mesxebis saxelwodebas. g. bedoSvili fiqrobs, rom es saxelwodeba modis

sityvidan ‘mxceTa” da niSnavs ‘mxcovanTa adgils” (g. bedoSvili,

qarTul toponimTa ganmartebiT-etimologiuri leqsikoni, Tb., 2002,

gv. 269-276). Cemi azriT, arcerTi am mosazrebaTagani damajerebeli ar

aris da sakiTxi Semdgom kvlevas moiTxovs.83 ‘mcxeTosis samflobelo” _ mcxeTosis kuTvnili teritoriis sidide

miuTiTebs mis upiratesobaze ZmebTan SedarebiT.84 Seadare zemoT haosisadmi misi Zmebis damokidebuleba: ‘da am Svidive

gmirze iyo mmarTveli da batoni haosi. da es yvela iyo haosis

morCili”.85 sainteresoa, rom qarTlosianebi gahyo dedam, xolo Targamosianebi

_ mamam.86 xazgasmulia ufliscixis, oZrxisa da javaxeTis damokidebuleba

mcxeTisadmi.87 ‘tasiskari” _ geografiuli punqti istoriul Sida qarTlSi, dR.

xaSuris raionSi.88 ‘oZraxosis samflobelo” _ istoriuli samcxe.89 ‘oZrxe” _ mecnierebi, vaxuSti bagrationis cnobaze dayrdnobiT,

Tvlian, rom oZrxe mdebareobda dRevandeli abasTumnis maxloblad.

amis miuxedavad, ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si aSkaradaa miTiTebuli,

rom oZrxe sxva sam qalaqTan erTad _ sarkine, kaspi da urbnisi _ mdebareobs ‘mtkvarsa zeda moxueviT”. marTlac, sarkinec, kaspica

da urbnisic mdebareoben uSualod mtkvris piras, xolo dRevandeli

abasTumnidan md. mtkvris napiramde 28 km-ia.90 ‘Tuxarisi” _ antikuri cixe-qalaqi md. Woroxis marjvena napirze,

olTisiswylis SesarTavs qvemoT, dR. TurqeTSi.91 ‘fanavari” _ faravnis tba istoriul javaxeTSi, dRevandel ninowmindis

raionSi. yvelaze didi tba saqarTveloSi.

205

92 ‘mtkvris Tavi” _ mtkvris saTave mdebareobs dRevandeli TurqeTis

teritoriaze.93 ‘wunda” _ antikuri qalaqi javaxeTSi, dRevandel aspinZis raionSi.

axla nasoflaria. arqeologiuri monacemebiT, wundis aRmoceneba

savaraudoa Zv. w. IV s-Si (S. mesxia; iv. javaxiSvili).94 ‘artani” _ igive qajTa qalaqi, igive huri. dRevandeli qalaqi

ardahani TurqeTSi.95 ‘ufliscixe” _ antikuri qarTlis erT-erTi politikuri da religiuri

centri, kldeSi nakveTi qalaqi goris raionSi.96 ‘urbnisi” _ antikuri qarTlis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani qalaqi mtkvris

marjvena sanapiroze. dRevandel sof. urbnisis midamoebSi, qarelis

raionSi.97 ‘kaspi” _ antikuri qarTlis erT-erTi qalaqi mtkvris marcxena sa na-

pi roze. axl. daba, raionuli centri. aRmoCenil iqna arqeologiuri

masala Zv. w. V s-dan. arsebobs azri, rom es saxelwodeba dakavSirebulia

kaspiebis, erT-erTo Zveli albanuri tomis saxelwodebasTan (z.

iampolski).98 enasofeli, anu Sida qarTli, sapirispirod ‘qvenasoflisa”, anu

qvemo qarTlisa.99 es fraza gviandeli redaqtoris Canamati unda iyos.100 Cemi azriT, es fraza damokidebulia esaias winaswarmetyvelebaze:

‘da davadginne msajulni Senni viTarca pirvel, da mzraxvalni

Senni viTarca dasabamsa. da amisa Semdgomad gewodos Sen qalaqi

simarTlisaÁ, dedaqalaqi sarwmunoÁ” (es. 1: 26). gavixsenoT isic, rom

mcxeTis meore saxelwodeba swored sionia, ierusalimis msgavasad.101 qarTlosis saflavisa da sityva ‘saficaris” mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb ixile

Cemi statia (n. nikoloziSvili, qarTlosis saflavi _ qarTlosianTa

saficari (fic // fucis semantikisaTvis, gelaTis akademiis Jurnali,

#1, 2004). ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” teqstSi winapris saflavze saubari

kidev erTxel aris farnavazTan dakavSirebiT: mirianis cxovrebaSi

weria, rom mirianma Seamko farnavazis saflavi.102 ‘xazarebi” _ momTabare Turqulenovani xalxi, romlebic pirvelad

gamoCndnen CrdiloeT kavkasiis teritoriaze, Sav da kaspiis zRvebs

Soris, hunTa Semosevis Semdeg (IV s.). VII s-is Sua wlebSi Seqmnes

xazarTa Zlieri kaganati. daipyres volgis bulgarebi, yirimi da kievi.

polianebis, severianebis, radimiCebisa da viatiCebis slavuri tomebi

xarks uxdidnen xazarebs. X s-Si xazarTa saTaveSi idga mefe-xakani

da misi moadgile begi. xakanatis dedaqalaqi iyo jer valangiari (dR.

astraxani), Semdeg _ sarkeli (daingra 1300 w.). VIII s-Si xazarebma

miiRes iudaizmi. savaWro urTierTobebi hqondaT indoeTTan. 965

206

wels kaganatma marcxi ganicada sviatoslavTan brZolaSi. 1016

wels sabolood daamxes xazarTa kaganati rusTa da berZenTa

gaerTianebulma laSqarma mstislav tmutarakanelis meTaurobiT,

ris Semdegac xazarebi gaiTqvifnen kavkasiis CrdiloeTiT mosaxle

Turqulenovan da sxva xalxebSi.103 ‘durZuki” _ vainaxebis (CeCenebi, inguSebi, bacbebi) winaprebis,

durZukebis qarTuli eponimi. eTnonimi ‘durZuki” gvxvdeba aseve

Zvelsomxur da arabul wyaroebSi, romlebSic qarTulidan zepiri

gziT unda iyos Sesuli. a. genko Tvlida, rom eTnonimi momdinareobda

osuri sityvidan _ ‘durZik” _ ‘qviani ormo”, ‘xevi” da niSnavda xevis macxovreblebs. g. meliqiSvilis azriT, es eTnonimi ukavSirdeba

ZvelaRmosavluri wayaroebidan cnobil geografiul saxels _ ‘durdukka”. am azrs iziarebs g. wulaiac.

104 ‘tireTi” _ gaurkvevelia am eponimis warmoSoba. am mxriv raime

sainteresos arc ‘mefeTa cxovrebis” Zv. somxuri Targmani gvaZlevs,

sadac es saxeli mocemulia formiT _ ‘tireTis”. vaxuStisTan

ewodeba ‘tineni”.105 ix. Sen. 17 da 45.106 es pasaJi dawerili unda iyos gviandeli redaqtoris mier (ixsenieba

ararati da masisi, rogorc zemoT. ix. Sen. 12). aRsaniSnavia, rom

danarCen qveyanas ewodeba ‘CrdiloÁ”.107 ‘aragvis kari ... dariala” _ bunebrivi karibWe kavkasiis mTebSi,

dRevandel yazbegis raionSi, darialis, anu md. Tergis xeoba.

saxelwodeba momdinareobs sparsuli sityvidan _ ‘darialan” =

‘alanTa kari”.108 ‘uobosi” _ es unda iyos ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” ovsTa, anu osebis

eponimi: ovs > uobos.109 rogorc Cans, aq saubaria skviTur-sarmatuli tomebis kavkasiaSi

SemoWraze, adgilobrivi kavkasieli tomebis Seviwroebaze da maT

kuTvnil teritoriaze damkvidrebaze.110 ‘xozonix ... xozanaxeTi” _ igulisxmeba dasaxlebuli punqti _

xunZaxi daRestanSi. SuasaukuneebSi avariis saxanos (XII-XIX ss.)

dedaqalaqi.111 ‘afridoni” _ sparsTa legendaruli mefe, iranuli eposis gmiri, avest.

Traetona, spars. afriduni. ebrZoda ahrimanis qmnilebas, samTavian da

eqvsTvala drakon aJi-dahaks. sxva Zveli iraneli gmirebis msgavsad,

islamur wyaroebSi afridoni gaigivebul iqna bibliur da yuranis

personaJebTan, noesTan (biruni), abraamTan (maqdesi) da nebroTTan

(dinavari).112 ‘bevrasf gvelTa ufali” _ iranuli eposis boroti gmiri, samTavian

207

da eqvsTvala drakoni aJi-dahaki, romelic afridonma daamarcxa.113 ‘sparsTa cxovreba” _ igulisxmeba firdousis ‘Sah-name”.114 ‘ardami” _ etimologiurad es saxeli momdinareobs saS. sparsuli

saxelidan _ ‘artaban”/’ardavan” = ‘vinc wminda mfarvelobis qveS

imyofeba” (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi iranul-qarTuli enobrivi

urTierTobidan, I, gv. 23-24). ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” Semdegenels

sparseli erisTavi ardami afridonis daniSnulad hyavs warmodgenili,

rac misive fantaziis nayofia. zogierTi mecnieri fiqrobs, rom aq

unda igulisxmebodes iranelTa romeliRac Semoseva qarTlSi III s-Si

(g. mamulia, leonti mrovelisa da juanSeris wyaroebi, macne, saq.

ssr mec. akad. saz. mecn. gany., #4, 1964), rac simarTles ar unda

Seeferebodes. Cemi azriT, aq unda igulisxmebodes Zv. w. IV saukunis

movlenebi. 115 ‘nebroTis CamomavalTa Svili” _ ‘qarTlis cxovrebaSi” nebroTianoba

niSnavs aqemenidTa samefo gvarisadmi kuTvnilebas, Sesabamisad,

nebroTis CamomavalTa Sviloba aqemenianobas gfulisxmobs. 116 konteqstidan gamomdinare Cans, rom ardamma daangria yvela is qalaqi

da cixe, romelic ekavaT xazarebs, ris Semdegac, rogorc qvemoT

irkveva, TviT iwyebs mcxeTaSi saaRmSeneblo saqmianobas.117 es konteqstidan amovardnili winadadeba raRac mizniT mibmulia

ardamis ambavs. TviT winadadebis wyaro aris firdousis ‘Sah-

name”, romlis mixedviTac afridonma Tavisi samefo gauyo Tavis sam

Zes _ erajs, selimsa da Turans. saxeli iaredi erajis qarTuli

variantia (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi iranul-qarTuli enobrivi

urTierTobidan, I, gv. 472-473).118 aq isev areulia erTmaneTSi ardamisa da iaredis ambebi.119 ‘knisobda” _ sulxan-saba: ‘sityÂT da saqmiT mawyinaroba”. i. abulaZe,

s. yauxCiSvili da z. sarjvelaZec mihyvebian sabas ganmartebas. es sityva

sxva ZeglebSi ar gvxvdeba. SesaZloa, ‘knisoba” modiodes berZnuli

sityvidan knw@ssw = Zili, Tvlema, an sityvidan knisavw // knissavw = msxverplis dawva, msxverplSewirva. Sesabamisad teqstis gageba

SeiZleba ornairad: a) sparsTa erisTavi naxes velad mTvlemare; an b)

sparsTa erisTavi naxes velad, msxverplSewirvis dros. orive varianti

Sinaarsobrivad misaRebia, Tumca, SesaZloa, winadadebis arabunebrivi

konstruqciidan gamomdinare, ‘daknisobda” erTi sityva iyos (zog

xelnawerSi asecaa) da modiodes berZnuli Ziridan _ dakn-, aqedan: zmna davknw, daknavzw = kbena, RrRna, gagleja da ars. sax. daknisthvr = mtacebeli cxoveli, urCxuli. am SemTxvevaSi azri iqneboda Semdegi:

ipovnes sparsi erisTavi mtacebeliviT velad gasuli da mokles, rac

ufro logikurad meCveneba avtoris mier dampyrobeli sparsi erisTavis

208

uaryofiTi daxasiaTebidan gamomdinare. gaugebaria Zv. somxuri

Targmanis Sesabamis adgilas saidan gaCnda sityva ‘seirnobda”. radgan

sakiTxi damatebiT kvlevas moiTxovs, ax. qarTul TargmanSi vtovebT

iseve, rogorc es misi dednis gamocemebSia.120 ‘qekaposi” _ sparsuli miTologiis gmiri qausi, an qei-qausi (Kâvûs,

Key Kâvûs), qai-xosrovis Svili.121 Sah-names mixedviT, qei-qausma gailaSqra mazandaranze, magram advilad

iqna datyvevebuli Tavis laSqarTan erTad, radgan dabrmavdnen TeTri

devis grZneulebiT. rustami gankurnavs spars warCinebulebs TeTri

devis sisxlis Tvalze cxebiT. rogorc Cans, ‘qarTlis cxovrebis”

redaqtorma mazandarani auria xozanixeTSi da es ambebi kavkasiasTan

daakavSira.122 Sdr. qvemoT: ‘gamovlo zRva gurganisi”, Sen. 130.123 ‘israelTa zRva” _ igulisxmeba mewamuli zRva (gamos. 14).124 moses mier ebraelTa egviptidan gamoyvana moxda daaxl. Zv. w. 1250-

1230 wlebSi. dawvrilebiT am ambebis Sesaxeb ix. gamos. 16.125 qei-qausis TuranTan brZolis Sesaxeb moTxrobilia Sah-nameSi.126 ‘farboroti” _ iranuli eposis gmiris, qei-qausis Zis, borzafaris

(Borzâfarah, Borzfarî < Barzapharnes) saxelis qarTuli varianti,

romelic momdinareobs firdousis Sah-nameSi damowmebuli variantidan

_ Farîborz. 127 ‘SioS bednieri” _ iranuli eposis gmiris, faraborot/fariburzis

Zmis, siauSis (Sîâvakhљ) saxelis varianti. epiTeti ‘bednieri”

qarTulSi gadmoscems albaT siaoSis romelime sparsul Serqmeul

saxels mniSvnelobiT ‘RvTis mosavi”, ‘netari”, ‘marTali” an sxv. (m.

andronikaSvili, narkvevebi iranul-qarTuli enobrivi urTierTobidan,

I, gv. 508-509).128 ‘sparselTa cxovrebis wigni” _ igulisxmeba firdousis Sah-name.129 ‘qaixosro” _ iranuli eposis gmiri qai-xosrovi siauSis, anu SioS

bednieris Ze.130 Sdr. zemoT gamovles zRua israelTa, Sen. 122.131 es aris ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-dan mcxeTaSi azos 18 saxliT mosvlis

Sesaxeb ambis aSkara gamoZaxili, romelsac araviTari kavSiri ar aqvs

arc Sah-namesTan da arc realur istoriasTan.132 ‘gayves” _ dednis gamocemebSia ‘ganiyvanes”, magram, vfiqrob, ufro

logikuria, yofiliyo ‘ganyvnes”, anu gaanawiles yvela qalaqSi.133 ‘sarkine” _ elinisturi xanis naqalaqari mcxeTis dasavleTiT, e. w.

jojoxeTis xevidan SiomRvimis monastris misadgomebamde _ savaneTis qedsa da grZel mindorze.

134 es aris ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” redaqtoris mier Camatebuli fraza,

209

raTa logikurad Seamzados mkiTxveli imisTvis, rac qvemoT weria,

rom qarTlis macxovreblebi saubrobdnen 6 enaze (‘izraxeboda

qarTlsa Sina equsi ena”).135 ‘nabuqodonosor mefe” _ Habu-kudur-usur, babilonis mefe Zv. w. 604-

561 ww., nabopalasaris Ze. nabuqodonosoris dros babilonis samefom

miaRwia Tavisi Zlierebis mwvervals. mis dros aSenda cnobili

dakiduli baRebi. Zv. w. 587 wels daipyro ierusalimi da miwasTan

gaaswora qalaqi, waasxa aTasobiT tyve, xolo iudea babiloniis

provinciad aqcia.136 ‘uriebi” _ ebraelebis aRmniSvneli ‘hurianis” gviandeli formaa

‘uriani” (h-s gareSe), rac kidev erTxel metyvelebs imaze, rom

es saeWvo pasaJebi gviandeli armenofili mwerlis Tu redaqtoris

Canamatia.

137 es pasaJic mTlianad ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Sesabamisi teqstis

araswori interpretaciaa. ‘moqcevaÁ”-s ‘honni” (ix. Satberdis krebuli,

Tb., 1979 gv. 320) ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” gviandelma redaqtorma aRiqva

rogorc ‘huriani” da CaTvala, rom isini nabuqodonosoris dros

ierusalimis aoxrebisa da ebraelTa datyvevebis Sedegad qarTlSi

ltolvili ebraelebi unda yofiliyvnen, rac mxolod da mxolod

literaturuli fantaziis nayofia. 138 pirdapiraa perifrazirebuli ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-dan (Satberdis

krebuli, gv. 320).139 ‘vaStaSabi” _ iranuli eposis gmiri viStaspa (Goљtâsp, avest. Vîљtâspa,

saS. sp. Wiљtâsp, arab. Beљtâsb).140 ‘spandiat-rvali” _ (avest. spntô-dâta, mid. *Spandadâta, Zv. sp.

Sphendada‚tes, saS. sp. Spandadât/Spandyât = wmindas mocemuli) iranuli

eposis gmiri, spandiat viStaspas Ze. iranul eposSi mas ewodeba

rûyîn-tan, rac spilenZis (rvalis) tanians niSnavs, radgan Tqmulebis

mixedviT misi tanis gaWra basr maxvilsac ki ar SeeZlo.141 ‘barami, romelic cnobilia ardaSirobiT” _ iranuli miTologiiT

bamani, spandiatis Ze. ‘baram” erT-erTi variantia iranuli saxelisa

_ ‘varahran”, sxva variantebia: ‘bahram”, ‘vahram”. ‘ardaSiri”

variantia iranuli saxelisa _ ‘artahSaTra”. ‘qarTlis cxovrebis”

redaqtors es bamani gaigivebuli hyavs sasanianebTan, radgan, rogorc

cnobilia, iranis Sahis, Sabur II-is (309-379 ww.) brZanebiT, Sedga

sasanianTa genealogia, romlis mixedviTac sasanianebs TavianTi

gvari naxevradlegendarul mefe viStaspadan gamohyavdaT. avestas

legendaruli mefe viStaspa, am genealogiis mixedviT, gaigivebuli

iyo aqemenid darios I-is mamasTan, romelsac aseve viStaspa erqva (И. В. Рак, Мифы древнего и раннесредневекового Ирана, СП., 1987, ст. 60-61).

210

142 ‘babilovani” _ babilonia, saxelmwifo SuamdinareTSi.143 ‘asureTi” _ asureTis samefo.144 ‘hromebi” _ ‘hromi” aris romis aRmniSvneli forma Zvel qarTul da

somxur mwerlobaSi. garda amisa, qarTuli mwerlobis adreul ZeglebSi

dadasturebulia aseve forma ‘fromi”. orive formis amosavalia saS.

sparsuli, sadac ‘fr” kompleqsi qarTulSi gadmodioda amgvaradve,

xolo somxurSi _ ‘hr”-d (Sdr. spars. ‘feridun” _ qarT. ‘fridon” _ somx. hruden, da sxv. ix. n. nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa

da qristianobis saTaveebTan ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsa“ da ‘qarTvel

mefeTa cxovrebis mixedviT, sakandidato disertacia xelnaweris

uflebiT, 2006) 145 ‘aleqsandre” _ aleqsandre didi, filipes makedonelis Ze. makedoniis

mefe Zv. w. 336-323 wlebSi. daipyro TiTqmis imdroindeli msoflio,

egviptidan indoeTamde.146 ‘egvipteli niktanebi” _ igulisxmeba egviptis ukanaskneli faraoni

30-e dinastiidan, nektaneb II (Zv. w. 360-342 ww.). sparseTis mefe

artaqserqse III-is mier damarcxebis Semdeg, samefo ganZiT gaiqca

nubiaSi, ris Semdegac misi kvali ikargeba. aleqsandre makedoneli

faraon niktanebis Zed ixsenieba elinistur da Suasaukuneebis epoqaSi

friad popularul fsevdo-kalisTenes ‘romanSi aleqsandres Sesaxeb”.

am romanis sawyisebi midis q. aleqsandriaSi, elinizirebuli egvipteli

qurumebis wreSi, romelTa mizanic iyo, aleqsandre warmoeCinaT ara

egviptis ucxoel dampyroblad, aramed mis kanonier mefed. 147 ‘berZnebis wigni” _ igulisxmeba fsevdo-kalisTenes ‘romani

aleqsandres Sesaxeb”, romlis pirveli versia unda Seqmniliyo

egvipteSi q. aleqsandriaSi. es Txzuleba udidesi popularobiT

sargeblobda SuasaukuneebSi da iTargmna mraval enaze.148 aqedan Cans, rom avtorisTvis ‘kavkasni” ar aris mxolod kavkasiis

mTavari qedi, aramed mTlianad Crdilo qveyana, mcire kavkasionis

CaTvliT, radgan misi sityvebiT, aleqsandre gamoemarTa samxreTidan

CrdiloeTisken, gadmoiara kavkasni da ise Semovida qarTlSi.149 saqme gvaqvs kvlav ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsa“-s perifrazirebasTan (ix.

Sen 138).150 ‘wunda“ _ wundis eklesia da wundis tba mdebareobs dRevandel

aspinZis raionSi. iqvea nasoflari wunda. 151 ‘mtkvris xerTvisi“ _ xerTvisis cixe mdebareobs dRevandel

aspinZis raionSi, mdinareebis mtkvrisa da faravnis, anu javaxeTis

mtkvris SesarTavTan. gamoTqma ‘Xertwsi MïÖurisay“ sxva xerTvisebis

arsebobazec migvaniSnebs.152 ‘Rado“ _ zogadad niSnavs miuvals, qvaRorRians, magram ‘mefeTa

211

cxovrebaSi“ mas micemuli aqvs toponimis mniSvneloba. s. yauxCiSvili

ganmartavs: mTa, kavkasionis Sto. amitom, TargmanSi gadavwyvite

davtovo Zveli qarTuli forma.153 ‘oZrxe” _ ix, Sen. 39.154 ‘speris mdinare” _ igulisxmeba md. Woroxi.155 ‘urbnisi” _ ix. Sen. 96.156 ‘kaspi” _ ix. Sen. 97.157 ‘ufliscixe” _ ix. Sen. 95.158 ‘mcxeTa da misi ubnebi” _ Cans, avtori asaxavs mis Tanadroul

situacias, roca sarkine, cixedidi da uriaTa ubani ganixileboda

rogorc mcxeTis ubnebi.159 ‘nastakisi” _ mindori md. mtkvris marcxena napiras, qsnis SesarTavs

qvemoT. nastakisze mikvleuli uZvelesi namosaxlari TariRdeba gv.

brianjaos adr. rkinis xaniT (Zv. w. II aTaswl. dasasr. _ I aTaswl.

dasawy.). Zv. w. IV s-is bolos nastagisze gaCnda qalaqis tipis elinisturi

dasaxleba da iarseba ax. w. VII s-mde. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsaÁ“-Si

gvaqvs forma ‘nastagisi“. am toponimis etimologiasTan dakavSirebiT

azrebi gamoTqmuli aqvT n. mars, n. berZeniSvilis, i. kikviZes, romlebic

sityvas ‘stagi” sparsulidan momdinared miiCneven da ukavSireben

‘vazs”, ‘vazis rqas”, ‘maRlar vazs”, rac ar aris damajerebeli. Cemi

azriT, igi ukavSirdeba berZnul Zirs stag, saidanac momdinareobs sityva _ stagwvn = ‘wveTi”, ‘nakadi”, ‘Wavli”, ‘Cqeri”, ‘Rvari”, rac

pirdapir exmianeba rus gayvanis Sesaxeb cnobas.160 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsaÁ“-s mixedviTac sarkines alya gagrZelebula

11 Tves (Satberdis krebuli, gv. 320).161 es pasaJic ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsaÁ“-s perifrazia (ix. Satberdid

krebuli, gv. 320)162 ‘azoni“ _ ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsaÁ“-Si mas ewodeba ‘azo“: ‘da tana-

hçvanda Aleksandres mepesa Azoy, ýÉ Arian-kartlisa mepisay, da mas

miuboýa Mcxetay saþdomad da sazÌvari daudva mas Hereti, da Egris

Âçali, da Somxiti da mtay crolisa[y] da Âarvida. xolo ese Azoy

Âarvida ar[i]an-kartlad, mamisa twsisa da Âarmoiçvana rvay saxli da

atni saxlni mama-mýuýetani, da daþda ýuel Mcxetas da tana-hçvandes

Öeråni Ìmrtad - Gaci da ga. a“. da ese iço åirveli mepÉ Mcxetas êina Azoy, ýÉ arian-kartvelta mepisay, da moÖuda“. rogorc Cems disertaciaSi vamtkiceb, azo-azoni realuri istoriuli pirovnebaa da aris sparseli

cnobili didgvarovnis, aqemenianTa sagvareulos warmomadgenlis

artabazis Ze. artabazi iyo aqemenianTa iranis frigiis satrapi Zv. w.

387 wlidan. plutarqes cnobiT, artabazis deda sparseTis mefis asuli

iyo (aleqsandr. XXI). TviTon artabazma iqorwina rodosis erT-erTi

212

warCinebuli gvaris warmomadgenel berZen qalze, daiaxlova Tavisi

axalgazrda colisZmebi, SemdgomSi cnobili politikuri moRvaweebi

_ memnoni da mentori. male artabazi satrapTa did ajanyebaSi iqna

CaTreuli da iZulebuli gaxda memnonTan da mTel ojaxTan erTad

makedoniis mefis, filipes karisTvis Seeferebiana Tavi (Zv. w. 352 w.).

makedoniaSi gaizardnen artabazis TerTmeti vaJi da aTi asuli, romelic

mas rodoseli colisgan hyavda. aleqsandrem jer kidev Wabukobis asakSi

gaicno samSoblodan devnili artabazi da misi Svilebi da maTgan

eziara Zveli iranis raindul tradiciebs. garkveuli xnis Semdeg,

artaqserqse III Seiwyala artabazi da misi ojaxi da isini dabrundnen

sparseTSi. aleqsandres mier sparseTis dapyrobisa da darios III-is

sikvdilis Semdeg artabazi, Tavis cxra vaJTan erTad, gamocxadda

kaspiis hirkaniaSi myof aleqsandresTan da Tanadgoma aRuTqva Zv. w.

329 wels, aleqsandrem oTxmocdaTxuTmeti wlis artabazi mSfoTvare

baqtriisa da sogdianas satrapad daniSna. indoeTSi laSqrobis win

ki (Zv. w. 327 w-is zafxuli) gaiTvaliswina moxucis Txovna da igi am

sapasuxismgeblo Tanamdebobidan gaaTavisufla. me vfiqrob, rom azo-

azoni unda iyos artabazis erT-erTi vaJi.163 ‘iaredosis Ze“ _ saxeli _ ‘iaredos“ aris ‘iared“-is gaberZnulebuli

forma. rogorc zemoT vwerdiT, iaredi/eraji iyo sparsuli

miTologiis gmiris, sparseTis pirveli mefis, afridonis erT-erTi Ze.

azonis iaredosis Zed warmoCena xazs usvams misi sparsuli samefo

sagvareulosadmi kuTvnilebas. 164 mematianes es cnoba mianiSnebs imaze, rom azoni aleqsandres saxlis

wevri iyo. rogorc zemoT vaCvene, azoni iyo sparseli didgvarovnis,

artabazis Ze, romelic makedoniis dedaqalaq pelaSi aleqsandres

mamis, filipe II-is karze izrdeboda (ix. Sen. 162). aqedan gamomdinare,

azos ewodeba aleqsandres ‘Tvisi“.165 ‘frotaTosi, frotaToselebi“ _ rogorc irkveva, es toponimi

da eTnonimi modis kunZul rodosis da rodoselTa aRmniSvneli

damaxinjebuli saS. sparsuli formidan _ ‘frodites“ < ‘hrodites“ (n. nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis saTaveebTan).

166 ‘emonebodnen“ _ dedanSi ‘ekirTebodes“. azri, TiTqos ‘kirTeba“ am SemTxvevaSi brZolas niSnavs, momdinareobs Zv. somxuri Targmanidan,

sadac vkiTxulobT, rom frotaToselni ‘sastikad aviwroebdnen

berZnebs“, rac TavisTavad alogikuria Sinaarsidan gamomdinare.

‘kirTeba“ Zvel qarTulSi niSnavs ‘monebas“.167 azo/azonis qarTlis mmarTvelad daniSvna unda momxdariyo Zv.

w. 329 w. (n. nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis

saTaveebTan).

213

168 elinisturi xanis istoriuli wyaroebis mixedviT, aleqsandre make-

do neli gardaicvala babilonSi, magram misi neSti gadasvenebul iqna

q. aleq sandriaSi, misi erT-erTi mxedarTmTavris, ptolemaiosis mier.169 ‘antioxozi” _ igulisxmeba aleqsandres mxedarTmTavari _ selevkos

I nikatori (daaxl. Zv. w. 358-281/280 ww.), romelmac saTave daudo

selevkidTa dinastias, romelic aleqsandres imperiis aRmosavleT

nawils marTavda.170 ‘hromosi” _ konteqstidan gamomdinare, igulisxmeba lisimaqosi (Zv.

w. 361-281), aleqsandres piradi mcveli da erT-erTi mxedarTmTavari,

Trakiis satrapi.171 ‘bizintiosi” _ igulisxmeba antigonos I monofTalmosi (calTvala),

aleqsandres mxedarTmTavari, romelmac mefis sikvdilis Semdeg pirvelma

gamoacxada Tavi mefed (Zv. w. 306-301 ww.) da daikava mcire azia.172 ‘platoni” _ igulisxmeba aleqsandres erT-erTi mxedarTmTavari, pto-

lemaios I soteri (mxsneli), egviptis satrapi (Zv. w. 323 w-dan) da

Semdeg mefe (Zv. w. 305-283 ww.), ptolemaidTa dinastiis damaarsebeli.173 ‘qalaqi antioqia” _ am saxeliT ramdenime qalaqi iyo cnobili. am

SemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba antioqia md. orontesze, daaarsa selevkos I

nikatorma Zv. w. 300 wels, Tanamedrove anTaqia. iyo elinisturi xanis

umniSvnelovanesi qalaqi, qristianobis erT-erTi uZvelesi centri. 174 anaqronizmia, sinamdvileSi romi daarsda Zv. w. VIII s-Si. 175 wyaros mixedviT, azoni iyo bizintiosis, anu antigonosis qveSevrdomi,

rac dasturdeba ukanaskneli gamokvlevebiT (ix. n. nikoloziSvili,

qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis saTaveebTan).176 anaqroinizmia, sinamdvileSi q. bizantioni daarsda daaxl. Zv. w. 660

wels.177 ‘gaci da gaimi” _ ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsaÁ“-Si aris gaci da ga.

rogorc irkveva, es unda iyos kibelas da atisis msgavsi, momakvdav

da aRdgomad RvTaebaTa elinisturi kulti. kibela = ga iyo

nayofierebisa da miwis RvTaeba (berZ. ‘ga“/’ge“ = miwa), xolo atisi =

gaci _ misi sayvareli, (berZ. ‘gatis“/’getis“ = miwis mxveneli, miwis

dammuSavebeli). dawvr. ix. n. nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da

qristianobis saTaveebTan.178 ‘farnavazi“ _ f. iustis mixedviT, saxeli momdinareobs Zv. sparsuli

saxelidan _ farnabazu = ‘xelbednieri“, ‘brwyinvale xelis mqone“;

n. maris mixedviT, saS. spars. saxelidan _ farnavazd < farnavast =

‘ubrwyinvalesi“. maris azrs iziarebs m. andronikaSvilic. v. abaevis

mixedviT, falauridan farnavač // farnavaz = ‘brwyinvale mosaubre“,

‘oratori“ (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi iranul-qarTuli enobrivi

urTierTobidan, I, gv. 498-499). ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsaÁ“-s cnobebi

214

farnavazis Sesaxeb metad Zunwia: ‘da êemdgomad misa dadga Parnavaz.

aman aÌmarta Öeråi didi cxw[r]sa zeda, da dasdva saxeli misi Armazi.

da mokmna zÌude Âçlit Öerýo, da hrkwan Armaz“.179 ‘aspaneli” _ aspani, albaT unda gulisxmobdes aspiebis iranul

toms.180 ‘samara” _ gaurkveveli etimologiis saxelia.181 ‘mamasaxlisi” _ evstaTi mcxeTelis ‘martvilobaSi” ixsenieba ‘grigol

qarTlisa mamasaxlisi”. rogorc Cans, sasanur xanaSi mamasaxlisi iyo

iranis marzpanis daqvemdebarebuli moxele.182 farnavazis sizmris miTologiuri analizisTvis ix. z. kiknaZe,

farnavazis sizmari, macne _ enisa da literaturis seria, 1984, #1

da z. aleqsiZe, cxovreba farnavazisi, mnaTobi, 1984, #12.183 ‘Cuglugi” _ pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT niSnavs CaquCs, aq erTgvari,

CaquCis msgavsi sabrZolo iaraRia.184 ‘quji” _ egrisis erisTavi. m. andronikaSvils es saxeli gamohyavs

skviTuri saxelis ‘kuZaios” osuri dialeqturi formidan _ ‘kuZa”, ‘kuZag”, sutyvidan _ ‘kuZ” = ‘ZaRli” (Sdr. sax. ‘ZaRlika”. m.

andronikaSvili, narkvevebi iranul-qarTuli enobrivi urTierTobidan,

I, gv. 138-139). qvemoT moyolili ambidan Cans, rom egrisic azonis

mmarTvelobis qveS iyo.185 ‘kargi gamarjveba” _ ase vTargmne Zv. qarTuli ‘ZlevaÁ keTili”.

aseTi Targmanis siswores mxars uWers qarTuli misalmebis erT-erTi

dialeqturi forma: ‘kai gamarjoba!”186 ‘hromTagani” _ igulisxmeba ‘frodatoselni”, anu rodoseli

jariskacebi, romlebic, ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” mixedviT aleqsandrem

dautova azons.187 farnavazis ajanyeba azonis winaaRmdeg TariRdeba Zv. .w. 305 wliT (n.

nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis saTaveebTan).188 aqedan Cans egrisis qarTlisadmi damokidebulebaSi yofna.189 aqedan Cans, rom azos mmarTveloba vrceldeboda ara mxolod

qarTlze da egrisze, aramed Crdilo-kavkasiel xalxebzec _ ovsebsa da lekebzec.

190 aradamajerebelia zogierTi istorikosis (n. xazaraZe) mcdeloba,

rom am cnobaze dayrdnobiT, klarjeTi miiCnion azonis samSoblod,

xolo ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si naxsenebi ‘arian-qarTli” ki

istoriul samxreT-dasavleT saqarTveloSi mdebare qarTul

saxelmwifoebriv warmonaqmnad warmoaCinon. sinamdvileSi klarjeTSi

azonis gamagrebis faqti gamowveuli unda yofiliyo istoriuli

realobidan gamomdinare, radgan azons ar waesvleboda CrdiloeTiT

ovsebis gamo, aRmosavleTiT _ lekebis gamo, samxreTiT somxebis gamo

215

(qvemoT Cans, rom farnavazic da somxebic selevkoss daemorCilnen),

xolo dasavleTiT egriselebis ajanyebis gamo. erTaderTi mxare,

sadac azons momaval brZolebamde SeiZleboda suli moeTqva, iyo

mcxeTidan samxreT-dasavleTiT mdebare klarjeTi. miTumetes, rom mas

momavali brZolebisTvis samxedro daxmareba SeeZlo mieRo mxolod

misi mokavSiris, antigonosis mxridan, romelic am dros klarjeTis

mimdebare aziis teritoriebs flobda.191 ‘asurastanis mefe antioqozi” _ igulisxmeba diadoqosi selevkos

I nikatori (ix. Sen. 169).192 aqedan Cans, rom farnavazi cnobs selevkos I-is uzenaesobas da misi

xeldasxmiT moqmedebs azonis winaaRmdeg. selevkosis brZanebiTve

exmarebian mas am brZolaSi somxeTis ‘erisTavebi”.193 radgan farnavazma samefo insigniebi miiRo ‘asurastanidan,

antioqozisgan”, anu selevkos I-isgan, Sesabamisad, azonis mier

‘saberZneTidan” spis SemoerTeba gulisxmobs, rom mas samokavSireo

urTierToba hqonda meore cnobil diadoqosTan, antigonosTan,

romelsac ekava mTeli anatolia, maT Soris klarjeTis mimdebare

teritoriebi.194 ‘artanis naqalaqevi” _ sainteresoa, rom dRevandel TurqeTSi, qalaq

artaanidan 20-ode km-is moSorebiT aris patara dasaxlebuli punqti

‘Nakalakei” rac qarTuli naqalaqevis damaxinjebuli formaa..195 ‘qajTa qalaqi, romelic aris huri” _ ix. Sen. 94.196 ‘saberZneTis sazRvari anZianZora” _ Zveli qarTuli wyaroebis

anZianZora aris kabadokiis qalaqi nazianzi, romlis saxelic

samudamod daukavSirda eklesiis erT-erTi udidesi mamis, grigol

nazianzelis saxels. usafuZvloa zogierTi qarTveli mecnieris

mcdeloba, (n. xazaraZe, g. qavTaraZe, g. anCabaZe, v. goilaZe) rom

‘anZianZora” daukavSiron berZnuli wyaroebis anZitenes, basianis

olqs. aq saberZneTis sazRvarSi igulisxmeba ara qarTlTan sazRvari,

aramed antigonosis samefos da selevkosis samefos sazRvari, romelic

kabadokiaSi, q. nazianzis axlos gadioda.197 ‘ekleci” _ istoriuli olqi klarjeTis samxreTiT da kabadokiis

aRmosavleTiT. Zveli berZnuli wyaroebis ‘akilisene”.198 ‘daipyro klarjeTi” _ gulisxmobs, rom farnavazma aRadgina

klarjeTze qarTvelTa batonoba.199 farnavazis laSqroba kabadokiasa (anZianZora/nazianzi) da akiliseneSi

istoriuli sinamdviles Seefereba. rogorc zemoT vTqvi, farnavazi

azos aujanyda Zv. w. 305 wels (ix. Sen. 181). swored am wlebSi

mimdinareobda omi seloevkossa da antigonoss Soris, romlis

ZiriTad brZolebs (Zv. w. 304 w.) adgili hqonda kabadokiaSi. azonis

216

damarcxebis Semdeg, farnavazs monawileoba unda mieRo antigonosis

winaaRmdeg brZolaSi, misi mTavari mokavSiris, selevkosis mxareze.200 azonis qonebaSi igulisxmeba, rogorc piradad misi simdidre, aseve

is alafi, romelsac brZolis velze akrefda farnavazi. usafuZvloa

zogierTi mecnieris mtkiceba, TiTqos aq saubari unda iyos klarjeTSi

daunjebul azonis sagvareulo qonebaze.201 zustad dadgenili ar aris Tu romeli mdinare igulisxmeba mdinare

egriswyalSi. vaxuStis mixedviT, es unda iyos dRevandeli oxoje,

oqumis marjvena Senakadi, galis r-ni. egriswylis qvemoT teritoriaSi

igulisxmeba mdinaridan CrdiloeTiT mdebare miwebi da ara mis

samxreTiT, rogorc es zog mkvlevars SecdomiT aqvs gagebuli.202 farnavazi dinastiuri qorwinebebiT amyarebs kavkasiis xalxTa Soris

mokavSireobas.203 es niSnavs, rom qujis samflobelo, anu elinisturi xanis egrisis

teritoria, vrceldeboda md. rionis CrdiloeTiT, egriswylamde da

qujis mmarTveloba rionis samxreTiT ar vrceldeboda.204 ‘cixegoji” _ istoriuli cixe da qalaqi, axl. naqalaqevi md. texuras

piras, senakis r-ni. rogorc Cans mematiane mas qujis cixed aRiqvams

saxelis fonetikuri msgavsebis gamo.205 ‘spaspeti” _ sityva momdinareobs saS. saprsuli formidan _ spāhpat

= ‘mxedarTmTavari”, ‘jaris ufrosi”. iyo mefis Semdeg meore kaci

samefoSi.206 ‘rions zemoT” _ igulisxmeba rionidan samxreTi teritoria da

ara CrdiloeTi, rogorc es SecdomiT xSirad esmiT. aq sityva

‘zemo” xazs usvams rionis samxreTiT mdebare mTebis geografias.

rogorc aqedan Cans, margvisis saerisTavo mdebareobda lixis

mTis dasavleTiT, ekava strategiuli mdebareoba dasavleT da

aRmosavleT saqarTvelos Soris da Semdeg viwro zolad miuyveboda

rionis samxreTiT, mesxeTis qedebamde teritorias zRvamde. aqedan

gamomdinare, farnavazis saxelmwifo mowyobaSi margvisis saerisTavos

strategiuli adgili ekava da akavSirebda aRmosavleT saqarTvelos

Savi zRvis portebTan.207 ‘Sorapani” _ Sorapnis cixis nangrevebi mdebareobs lixis qedis

dasavleT kalTaze, zestafonis rn-Si.208 ‘dimna” _ dimnis cixis zusti adgilmdebareoba gaurkvevelia.

savaraudod es aris dima, baRdaTis rn-Si.209 ‘gardabani” _ miTiuri gardabosis kuTvnili teritoria (ix. Sen. 65,

70). 210 ‘spasalari” _ ax. spars. sepāh-sālār, faz. spāhsālār, saS. spars. spāhsardār

= ‘jaris meTauri”, ‘jaris ufrosi”.

217

211 ‘aTasisTavebi” _ maT xelSi iyo rogorc samxedro, aseve saero

administraciuli (gadasaxadebis akrefa) Zalaufleba. rogorc Cans,

emorCileboda erisTavs.212 sainteresoa xarkis klasifikacia ‘samefod” da ‘saerisTavod”.213 zustad ar aris garkveuli ra igulisxmeba sityvebSi _ ‘sparselebis

samefos msgavsad”. mecnierTa umravlesoba fiqrobs, rom unda

igulisxmebodes selevkidTa samefo. Cemi azriT gasaanalizebelia

rogorc selevkidTa samefos wyoba, aseve sparsuli samefoebis

(aqemeniduri, parTuli, sasanuri) wyobac da mxolod amis Semdeg

SeiZleba gamovitanoT daskvna, Tu ras gulisxmobda avtori.214 aqedanac Cans, Tu ra didi mniSvneloba eniWeboda Zvel qarTlSi

kavkasiel xalxebTan dinastiur qorwinebebs mokavSireobis ganmtkicebis

mizniT.215 am ‘ucalobaSi” unda igulisxmebodes Zv. w. 302-301 wlebi, roca

antigonosis winaaRmdeg kvlav Seikra diadoqosTa koalicia (n.

nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis saTaveebTan

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsa“ da ‘qarTvel mefeTa cxovrebis“ mixedviT),

rac antigonosis sikvdiliT damTavrda.216 es aris mefeTa cxovrebis avtoris mier arasworad gagebuli fraza

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-dan, sadac weria ‘cxÂrsa zeda”, romelic

gagebul iqna, rogorc ‘saxelsa zeda”. am Secdomidan gamomdinare,

bevri qarTveli mecnieri Tvlis, rom farnavazma Tavisi saxelobis kerpi

aRmarTa, rac TavisTavad, mcdari azria. sinamdvileSi, armazi zevsi-

ahuramazdas sinkretuli elinisturi RvTaeba unda yofiliyo da misi

saxeli etimologia ukavSirdeba ‘ahuramazdas” (ix. n. nikoloziSvili,

qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis saTaveebTan ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsa“

da ‘qarTvel mefeTa cxovrebis“ mixedviT).217 qarTuli wyaroebis mixedviT, farnavazis zeoba zustad TariRdeba

Zv. w. 304-239 wlebiT.218 es fraza xazs usvams megrelebisa da klarjebis gansakuTrebul

mdgomareobas farnavazis samefoSi. 219 ‘aznaurebi” _ am sityvis amgvari etimologia avtoris fantaziis

nayofia.220 es friad sayuradRebo fraza gulisxmobs, rom farnavazis samefoSi

qarTuli ena samwerlobo ena yofila. SesaZloa aq igulisxmebodes

e. w. aloglotografiis principi (ix. T. gamyreliZe, weris anbanuri

sistema da Zveli qarTuli damwerloba, Tb., 1989, gv. 198-201)221 ‘saurmagi” _ etimologiurad ukavSirdeba skviTur saxels Sawarmag

= ‘Savxela” (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi qarTul-iranuli enobrivi

urTierTobidan, gv. 492-493). ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ” saurmagis Sesaxeb

218

mokled gvamcnobs: ‘da êemdgomad misa dadga meped Saurmag. aman

aÌmarta Öeråi Aynina gzasa zeda. da iÂço Armazs êÉnebad”.222 wyaroSi mTlad naTeli ar aris saurmagsa da qarTvelebs Soris Camo-

vardnili konfliqtis namdvili mizezi. mizezi saZiebelia imdroindeli

qarTlsa da mis mezobeli qveynebSi arsebuli politikur situaciaSi:

misi mefobis xanas emTxveva selevkidTa xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg

ajanyebebs parTiasa da baqtriaSi, rac sabolood parTiisa da

berZnul-baqtriuli samefoebis CamoyalibebiT mTavrdeba. rogorc

Cans, msgavsi procesebi viTardeboda qarTlSic.223 ‘didoeTi” _ axlandeli daRestnis nawili, andis yoisus mxareSi.

TuSebi lekebs dResac ‘dido”-s uwodeben.224 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s mixedviT, saurmags mxolod aininas kerpi aRu-

marTavs, xolo daninas kerpi aRmarTa misma Semdgomma mefem, mirvanma.225 saurmagic, iseve rogorc mamamisi, farnavazi, selevkidebis saxelmwifos

vasali yofila.226 bardavs, rogorc Cans aleqsandres mier daniSnuli sparsi satrapis

STamomavlebi ganagebdnen. istoriuli wyaroebis cnobebidan gamom-

di nare, es unda yofiliyo atropate, aqemenidi satrapi, romelic

darios III-is sikvdilis Semdeg aleqsandres samsaxurSi Cadga da

atropatenes satrapad dainiSna.227 rogorc zemoTac vTqviT, ‘nebroTis Sviloba” aqemenianTa sagva re-

ulosadmi kuTvnilebas aRniSnavs.228 aqemeniduri sparseTis samefo karze ojaxis wevrbze qorwineba (spars.

hvaetvadata; laT. incesti) karg tonad iTvleboda.229 aqedan Cans, rom qarTvelebisTvis ucxo ar iyo axlo naTesavebze qor winebis

sparsuli wesi, rac aqemenidTa droidan karg tonad iTvleboda.230 saurmagis gamefebis TariRad unda aviRoT farnavazis sikvdilis weli,

Zv. w. 239. Tumca, saurmagis gardacvalebis TariRTan dakavSirebiT,

‘qarTlis cxovreba” xelmosaWids arafers iZleva.231 ‘mirvani” _ etimologiurad ukavSirdeba Zv. ir. mitrāpāna = ‘miTras

mcveli”, miTras mfarveli”, fars. meherwān, ax. spars. mihr[a]bān, mihī[ir]bān = ‘mosiyvarule”. qarTuli formisTvis amosavalia fal. mihrawān (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi qarTul-iranuli enobrivi urTierTobidan,

gv. 482-484). ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da misa êemdgomad mepobda Mirvan.

da aÌmarta Danina gzasa zeda Âinare da aÌaêena Armazi”.232 ‘darubali” _ zustad ucnobia ra igulisxmeba darubalSi. v. vino-

g ra do vi miiCnevda, rom saubari unda iyos darialze. g. wulaia

miiC nevda, rom saubari unda iyos durZukeTis mravalricxovan

cixesimagreTagan erT-erTze, xolo saxelwodeba darula miaCnia

darialis kninobiT formad.

219

233 mirvanic, rogorc misi winamorbedi ori mefe, selevkidTa vasali

yofila.234 mirvanis sicocxleSive momxdara mniSvnelovani movlenebi. selevkidTa

imperiis daknineba daiwyo Zv. w. 190 wels romaelebTan magneziis omis

wagebiTa da apameis zaviT, romelmac maTi samefo meorexarisxovan

saxelm wifod aqcia am droidan iwyeba selevkidTa Sesusteba da

parTelTa arsakiduli samefos saboloo gaZliereba. 235 ‘arSaki” _ Zv. sp. saxelidan _ arљaka = ‘daTvi” (Sdr. qarT. sax.

‘daTvia”). arSaki parTeli arsakidebis soxuri Stos dinastiuri

saxelia. am periodSi selevkidebma dakarges kontroli armeniaze da iq

parTuli samefo gvari gamefda. istorikosebi Tvlian, rom es unda iyos

somexTa mefe artaSes I, selevkidTa satrapyofili, romelmac isargebla

magneziis omis SedegebiT, ganudga selevkidebs da damoukideblad scno

Tavi. artaSes I mefoba Zv. w. 189-160 ww-ebze modis.236 es ‘arSaki” somxeTis mefis, artavazd I-is (Zv. w. 160-115 ww.) Zma

unda yofiliyo.237 ‘farnajomi” _ am saxelis etimologia bolomde garkveuli ar aris:

Se saZloa igi momdinareobdes saS. spars. sityvidan _ farnajuv > farnajub = ‘didebis (farnis) maZiebeli, an SesaZloa igi kavSirSi iyos

skvi Tur saxelTan _ ‘farejan” = ‘madlis (farnis) mqone”, ‘madl-

mo sili” (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi qarTul-iranuli enobrivi ur-

Ti erTobidan, gv. 138, 500-502). ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da me pob da

Parnaþob da aÌmarta Öeråi Zaden mtasa zeda. da aÌaêena [cixÉ]”.238 ‘cixe zadeni” _ cixe mcxeTis raionSi, saguramos qedze. 239 ‘kerpi zadeni” _ saxelwodeba ‘zaden” ueWvelad momdinareobs ira-

nu lidan: avesturi yazata, falauri yajdan an yaztan, spars. yazdan = ‘ke Tili genia”. aRniSnavda zoroastrul RvTaeba miTras. elinistur

xanaSi miTra gaigivebul iqna berZnul apolonTan da Camoyalibda sin-

kretuli RvTaeba miTra-apoloni. swored aseTi elinisturi RvTaeba

unda yofiliyo zadenis _ zaden-miTra-apolonis kerpi.240 zaden-miTra-apolonis kerpis aRmarTvis Semdeg, farnajomi icvlis

religiur orientacias da xdeba klasikuri (ara sinkretuli) zo ro as-

trizmis mimdevari. qarTvelma erisTavebma ki maTi mefe renegatad ga-

moacxades mamapapuri kerpebis moZulebis gamo. rogorc viciT, am dros

Zlierdeba parTiis arsakiduli samefo, romelic TandaTanobiT ipyrobs

selevkidTa teritoriebs. arsakidTa religiuri politika gamoirCeoda

religiuri SemwynareblobiT, isini kvlav agrZelebdnen elinistur

sinkretul RvTaebaTa Tayvaniscemas da paralelurad pretenziebs

acxadebdnen aqemenidTa Camomavlobaze. parTiaSi, q. asaakSi, sadac arsaki

pirvelad gamocxadda mefed, aqemeniduri tradiciisamebr agizgizda

220

arsakidTa dinastiuri cecxli, rac imas usvamda xazs, rom axali dinastia

aqemenid mefeTa kanonier STamomavlad Tvlida Tavs. amis paralelurad

arsakidma mefeebma kvlav daiwyes aqemeniduri titulis _ ‘mefeTa-mefe” gamoyeneba, rac selevkidTa dros ar ixmareboda. arsakidTa amgvari

pretenziebi seriozulad aRaSfoTebda aqemenidTa namdvil Camomaval

spars didebulebs. dinastiuri cecxlis qonis ufleba miecaT sxva parTel

didebulebsac, ris Sedegadac imperiis teritoriaze ‘wminda cecxlTa”

raodenoba sagrZnoblad gaizarda. aSkaraa, rom farnajomic, swored im

aqemenid didebulTa rigSi unda mdgariyo, romelic aRaSfoTa arsakidTa

pretenziebma da sxva TanamoZme didebulTa msgavsad qarTlis mefemac

sakuTari dinastiuri cecxli daanTo mcxeTaSi, Tavis sataxto qalaqSi.

amgvarad, farnajomis religiur reformas, romelic fundamenturi

zoroastrizmisa da sinkretuli elinisturi religiis dapirispirebaSi

gadaizarda, aSkarad politikuri xasiaTic unda hqonoda.241 farnajomis mcdeloba, rogorc namdvili sparsi aqemenidi gamijvnoda

parTel elinofilebs, marcxiT damTavrda, ris Semdegac arsakidTa

dinastia, somex arSakunianTa da farnavazianTa dinastiuri

qorwinebebis meSveobiT, fesvebs imagrebs qarTlSi.242 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da mepobda ars(oÖ) [da] kalaksa zÌudeni

moakmnna”.243 ‘artagi” _ m. andronikaSvili am saxelis etimologias ukavSirebs

saS. spars. sityvas artāk = ‘swrafi”, ‘mardi” (m. andronikaSvili,

narkvevebi qarTul-iranuli enobrivi urTierTobidan, gv. 433).

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da mepobda AriÖ, romelman êidacixe

aÌaêena Armazsa”.244 sparsel aqemenian didebulTa mcdelobas qarTlis taxtis kvlav

dasaufleblad, seriozuli Sedegebis gareSe Cauvlia.245 ‘bartom” _ am saxelis etimologia gamomdinareobs Zv. iranuli sit-

y vidan _ badratama, saS. sp. bahrtam = ‘unetaresi”, ‘ubednieresi”,

‘um Svenieresi” (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi qarTul-iranuli

enob rivi urTierTobidan, gv. 447-448). ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da

mepobda Braïman, romelsa ze Mcxetas kalaki daeÂço”.246 mxolod mariamiseul nusxaSia ‘mamis mamisa, mirvanisi”. am SemTxvevaSi

‘mama” gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT papis mimarT aris naxmari, rac arcTu

iSviaTad gvxvdeba (zogadad winapris mniSvnelobiT) Zvel qarTul

mwerlobaSi.247 sparselTa warumatebeli samxedro operaciidan ramdenime wlis Semdeg,

mirvani diplomatiuri gziT cdilobs qarTlis taxtis dabrunebas. 248 aqedan Cans Tu ra mniSvnelovani iyo qveynisTvis dinastiuri

uwyvetobis SenarCuneba.

221

249 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da mepobda Mirean. da man aÌaêena Mcxetay

kalaki”.250 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da mepobda ArsuÖ, romelman ±asåi êeiåçra

da Uplis-cixe ganago”.251 ‘nelqari, kaxeTis qalaqi, romelic aris nekresi” _ qarTlis

samefos Crdilo-aRmosavleT nawilis politikuri da kulturuli

centri, albaneTis sazRvrebTan axlos, durujis xeobaSi, yvarlis

r-ni. arqeologebis mier gaTxril iqna nekresis naqalaqari. dRes

naqalaqaris axlos mdebare mTaze mdebareobs wm. abibos nekreselis

mier daarsebuli nekresis cnobili monasteri.252 sainteresoa ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s cnoba, rom arsukma ‘ufliscixe

ganago’. ‘ganago” niSnavs, rom qalaqs ‘gangeba” anu wesdeba

misca. aqedan gamodis, rom ufliscixe manamde gansakuTrebuli

avtonomiuri statusiT sargeblobda da naklebad emorCileboda mefis

xelisuflebas. am ‘gangebiT”, rogorc Cans Camoyalibda urTierTobis

wesebi ufliscixesa da samefo xelisuflebas Soris.253 ‘aderki” _ etimologia gaurkvevelia. Tu es saxeli ukavSirdeba

deroks, maSin misi amosavali iqneba saS. spars. dārūk = ‘xe”,

‘mcenare” (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi qarTul-iranuli enobrivi

urTierTobidan, gv. 463). ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si am mefes ewodeba

roki: ‘da mepobda RoÖ, romelman rayturtit Mcxetay gaiêora”.

‘qarTlis cxovrebis” redaqtori mas aSkarad urevs meore rokSi

(‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s rigiT meCvidmete mefe), riTac unda iyos

gamowveuli is faqti, rom macxovris dabadeba da jvarcma am rokis

zeobaSia gadmotanili SecdomiT.254 Seadare farnavazis zeobis wlebs: ‘ocdaSvidi wlisa gamefda da

samocdaxuTi weli mefobda nebierad”.255 am SemTxvevaSi saqme gvaqvs anaqronizmTan, radgan gamodis, rom

aderki gardacvlila ax. w. 57 wels, Sesabamisad, igi mefe iyo uflis

dabadebisas da misi jvarcmis drosac. ufro swori unda iyos

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s cnoba, romlis mixedviTac, uflis jvarcmis

dros qarTlSi mefe iyo amazaeri (Satberdis krebuli, gv. 339).256 qvemoT motanili moTxroba uflis dabadabaze, mis jvarcmasa da

kvarTis mcxeTaSi motanis Taobaze, aris ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s

Sesabamisi Txrobis redaqtirebuli varianti. (Sdr. maT. 2:1-12).257 ‘eliozi, moxucebuli kaci” _ am eliozis Camomavlebi arian abiaTari

da sidonia, pirveli qristiani ebraelebi mcxeTaSi.258 ‘eli mRvdeli” _ iudevelTa mRvdelmTavari da aaronis saxlis iTa-

ma ris gvaridan israelis ukanaskneli msajuli (ix. I mef. 3: 18; 4:

18).

222

259 lurji SriftiT, aqac da qvemoTac mocemulia ‘qarTlis cxovrebis”

gviandeli CanarTebi, romelic teqstSi Setanil iqna XVIII s-Si e. w.

‘swavlul kacTa” komisiis mier.260 ‘karsani” _ sof. mcxeTis raionSi, armazis maxloblad.261 ‘axali aRTqmis” teqstis mixedviT, uflis kvarTze wili iyares

romaelma jariskacebma (maT. 27: 35).262 avtori pirdapir uTiTebs Tavis wyaros.263 ix. Sen. 261.264 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s samive readqciiT es iyo ara aderki, aramed

amazaer mefe. mag. Satberdul redaqciaSi vkiTxulobT: ‘maêin iço

êpoti didi Mcxetas êina mepetay da mtavartay da çovlisa erisay.

da ixila mepeman Amazaer samoseli igi Iesuysi da unda ÂarÌebay

misi, xolo zarsa mas zeda dedaÖacisa mÖudrisa qelt-gdebasa,

êeêinda da ver iÖadra“ (Satberdis krebuli, gv. 336). 265 awyuris yovladwminda RvTismSoblis unikaluri xati inaxeba

saqarTvelos xelovnebis muzeumis oqros fondSi.266 ‘nikofsis qalaqSi, berZnebis sazRvarze” _ aqedan SeiZleba gavi goT

Tu romeli mdinare igulisxmeba egriswyalSi, sadac ‘mefeTa cxov-

rebis” avtoris mixedviT gadioda egrisisa da berZnebis sazRvari.

Tumca am sazRvris iqiTac egriselebi cxovrobdnen, romlebma ar

ine bes berZnebisgan gandgoma farnavazis dros. ‘vaxuSti daeWvebiT

ana kofiasTan aigivebs. nikofsisi iyo cixe-qalaqi Savi zRvis

piras q. tuafses Crd.-dasavleTiT, axl. q. novomixailovskTan.

nangrevebi SemorCenilia daaxl. 30 m. simaRlis kldeze (e. w.

‘kiseliovis klde”). pirvelad moxseniebulia V s. anonim avtorTan.

VIII s-is bolos nikofsia egris-afxazeTis samefos SemadgenlobaSi

Sevida. XVI s-dan TandaTan gamoeTiSa saqarTvelos politikur da

kulturul gavlenas. gvianfeodalur xanaSi is ukve naqalaqaria”

(vaxuSti bagrationi, saqarTvelos geografia, Tb., 1997, gv. 282, Sen.

607). 267 ‘trapizoni” _ uZvelesi elinuri qalaqi dRevandel TurqeTSi,

Savi zRvis samxreT-aRmosavleT sanapiroze. trapizonis midamoebSi

uZvelesi droidan cxovrobdnen laz-WanTa qarTveluri tomebi,

swored amitom iwodeba aq trapizoni megrelTa mxared.268 ‘rkinisjvari” _ aWaridan samcxeSi gadasasvleli uReltexili

mesxeTis qedze.269 ‘zadengora” _ adgili adigenis rn-Si.270 ‘awyuri ... sosangeTi ... saqrisi” _ awyuri, sof. axalcixis raionSi.

saxeli sosangeTi sxva wyaroebisTvis ucnobia. saqrisis mdebareoba

zustad ucnobia, savaraudod unda iyos adgili, romelic mdebareobs

223

dRevandeli sof. awyuris teritoriaze mtkvris marcxena sanapiroze,

Zveli awyuris sapirispiro mxares.271 andria mociqulis saqarTveloSi qadagebis Sesaxeb marTlac sain te-

reso cnobebia daculi ‘qarTlis cxovrebaSi” (ZiriTadad vgu lisxmob

originalur nawils, naklebad, danarTebs). im mefis identifikacia,

romlis drosac moxda andria mociqulis qadageba, qarTuli istoriuli

mecnierebis amocanaa. am teqstis mixedviT, ax. w. I saukunis Sua wlebSi

egrisica da klarjeTic qarTlis mefis daqvemdebarebaSia.272 ‘martviliis dResaswauli” _ suliwmindis mofenis dResaswauli,

romelic dawesebulia mociqulTa droidan (saq. moc. 2: 1-13) da

idResaswauleba aRdgomidan 50-e dRes.273 igulisxmeba ierusalimi.274 ‘fostafori” _ s. eremianis azriT es unda iyos somxur anonimur

geografiaSi moxseniebuli qalaqi ‘fosporoni”, qalaq nikopsis

maxloblad. g. wulaias mosazrebiT, fostafor/fosporoni mdebareobda

amierkavkasiisa da CrdiloeT kavkasiis erT-erT gadasasvlelze. Cemi

azriT, saqme ufro martivadaa da fostafori unda iyos Crdilo-

aRmosavleT SavizRvispireTSi mdebare bosforis saxelmwifos

damaxinjebuli forma. bosforis saxelmwifos dedaqalaqi iyo qalaqi

pantikapeioni (axlandeli qerCi) da swored is unda igulisxmebodes

am konkretul SemTxvevaSi.275 ‘sevaste qalaqi” _ pirdapiri Targmania soxumis berZ. saxelwodebisa

_ ‘sebastopolis” (berZn. polis = qalaqi), romelic ax. w. I s-Si

romaelTa mier aq daarsebuli cixesimagris saxelidan momdinareobs.276 ‘jiqeTis qveyana ... jiqebi” _ sityvis TamaSia: eTnonimi ‘jiqi” da

styva ‘jiqi” jiutis mniSvnelobiT. Sdr.: ‘gajiqeba”. centralur

CrdiloeT-kavkasiaSi mosaxle adiRuri tomi. antikuri wyaroebis

zigebi. vaxuStis mixedviT, jiqeTi mdebareobda kavkasionis samxreT

ferdobze, afxazeTis Semdeg.277 ‘nikops qalaqi” _ pirdapiri Targmania berZ. saxelwodebisa _

‘nikopolis” (ix. Sen. 266).278 ‘skviTe” _ anu skviTia.279 igulisxmeba parTeli arsakidebis samefos gaZliereba da gavlenis

gavrceleba. miTridate I-is dros (Zv. w. 170-138/137). aqedan

gamomdinare, aderkis (‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s rokis) mefoba unda

daTariRdes Zv. w. II s-is 70-ian _ 40-iani wlebiT.280 ‘aJRalan” _ es aris arSakidebis dinastiis damaarseblis da arSakunianebis

dinastirui saxeli. momdinareobs saS. spars formidan Aљaγān // Ašγān da Ašaγānān > qarT. aJRanan > aJRalan (ix. m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi

qarTul-iranuli enobrivi urTierTobidan, gv. 426-427).

224

281 ‘bartomi” _ etimologiisTvis ix. Sen. 244.282 ‘qarTami” _ miiCneva, rom ‘qarTlis cxovrebaSi” es saxeli da-

ma xinjebuli formiTaa da sworia ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si da

‘qarTlis cxovrebis” Zv. somx. TargmanSi Semonaxuli forma ‘qarZami”.

am saxelis etimologias ukavSireben Zv. iranul formas _ Kars-āna skviTur sityvas _ karz-ān = ‘mkacri”, ‘sastiki”, ‘Seubralebeli”.

283 qarTlSi ormefobis SemoRebis mizezebs, mis raobasa da qronologias

mravali istorikosi Sexebia, magram, samwuxarod, saqarTvelos istoriis

am umniSvnelovanes sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT mecnierTa Soris saerTo

azri jerac ar aris miRweuli. s. gorgaZe aderkis mefobas ax. w. I s-iT

aTariRebda (werilebi saqarTvelos istoriidan, II, ‘Zveli saqarTvelo”,

t. I, 1909) da cxadia aq igi ‘mefeTa cxovrebis” im mcdar cnobas

eyrdnoba, romlis mixedviTac aderkis mefobis pirvelsave wels Sobila

ieso qriste. p. ingoroyvas azriT, ormefoba qarTlSi ax. w. I s-is meore

naxevridan iwyeba (Zveli qarTuli matiane ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ” da

antikuri xanis iberiis mefeTa sia, IV s-dan Zv. w-isa _ 310-ian wlebamde

axali welTaRricxvisa, Txz. t. IV, Tb., 1978), magram mkvlevaris

mosazreba, am SemTxvevaSi, seriozul winaaRmdegobaSi modis wyaroTa

cnobebTan, razedac aq specialurad aRar SevCerdebiT. g. meliqiSvili

Tavdapirvelad iziarebda im mosazrebas, rom ormefoba qarTlSi ax. w.

I s-is Sua wlebidan unda dawyebuliyo da II s-is Sua wlebamde unda

gagrZelebuliyo (qarTlis (iberiis) samefos istoriis qronologiis

sakiTxisaTvis). magram, mogvianebiT man uaryo Tavisi Sexeduleba da

axali argumentebis moxmobiT ormefobis pirveli wyvilis, bratman-

qarZamis zeoba Zv. w. II s-is 60-iani wlebiT daaTariRa (qarTlis (ibe-

riis) mefeTa siebSi arsebuli xarvezis Sesaxeb, ‘macne” istoriis seria,

1978). d. abaSiZem kidev ufro gaamyara g. meliqiSvilis es ukanaskneli

mosazreba da manac ormefobis xanad, daaxloebiT, Zv. w. II_I ss-ebis Sua wlebi daasaxela (ormefoba Zvel qarTlSi, ‘ciskari”, 1988,

#11). T. dunduam garkveuli koreqtivebiT gaiziara g. meliqiSvilis

bolo mosazreba, magram memnonis erTi cnobis safuZvelze ormefobis

qronologiur farglebad Zv. w. 136-89 wlebi daasaxela (qarTuli

eTnokulturuli evolucia da dasavleTi numizmatikuri masalebis

mixedviT, Tb., 1997). m. sanaZem ‘moqcevaÁ”-s roki gaaigiva ra pompeusTan

damarcxebul artokTan, da ‘mefeTa cxovrebis” aderkTan, ormefobis

dasawyis xanad Zv. w. I s-is 60-iani wlebis miwuruli miiCnia (‘qarTlis

cxovreba” da saqarTvelos istoriis uZvelesi periodi (qarTlosidan

mirianamde), Tb., 2003). bolo xans m. gogolaZem pompeusTan damarcxebul

artoki ‘moqcevaÁ”-s rokis winamorbed arsukTan, rigiT meaTe mefesTan

gaaigiva da, Sesabamisad, ormefobis xanis pirveli samefo wyvilis,

225

bratman-qarZamis zeoba Zv. w. I s-is II naxevriT daaTariRa (qarTlis

socialuri da politikuri istoria ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs” mixedviT,

Tb., 2004). zemoT CamoTvlil mosazrebaTagan simarTlesTan ufro

axlos g. meliqiSvilis meore mosazreba (Zv. w. II s-is 60-iani wlebi)

unda iyos. rac Seexeba qarTlSi ormefobis gaCenis mizezs, vfiqrob,

swori unda iyos d. abaSiZis mosazreba, romelic Tvlis, rom qarTlis

samefos orad gayofa selevkidTa dasustebisa da ‘didi armeniis”

warmoqmnis mezeziT unda momxdariyo. amis sabuTad mkvlevars moaqvs

strabonisa da qarTlis cxovrebis cnobebi, sadac vkiTxulobT, rom

artaqsias mefobis dros somxeTma iberias teritoriebi CamoaWra:

‘pariadris kalTebi, xorzene da gogarene”, es teritoriebi ki

mtkvris samxreTiT mdebare qarTls, anu armazis qarTls gulisxmobs.

leonti mroveli ki gvamcnobs, rom ormefobis pirveli wyvilis me fo-

bisas ‘iyvnes morCilebasa Sina somexTa mefisasa da umetes ar ma-

zelni mefeni Seeweodes somexTa yovelTa mterTa zeda”. aqedan

gamom dinare, d. abaSiZe askvnis: ‘CamoWrili teritoriidan Seiqmna

did somxeTTan samxedro kavSirSi myofi qarTuli politikuri

erTeuli, adgilobrivi dinastiis mmarTvelobiT”.284 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si ormefobisdroindel am or wyvils ewodeba

qarZami da bratmani.285 ‘vespasianos hromebis keisari” _ romis imperatori titus flavius

vespasianusi (69-79 ww.). flaviusebis dinastiis damaarsebeli. 70

wels CaaxSo ajanyeba iudeaSi.286 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s mixedviT, am ori mefis dros mosula

qarTlSi ebraelTa pirveli talRa: ‘da mefobda qarZam armazs da

mcxeTas — bratman. da amaTTa JamTa huriani movides mcxeTas

da dasxdes” (Satberdis krebuli, gv. 321), ‘qarTlis cxovrebis”

gviandeli redaqtori ki movlenebs ise warmoaCens, TiTqos es

yofiliyos meore talRa, raTa gaamarTlos manamde mis mier moyolili

ambavi nabuqodonosoris tyveobis dros qarTlSi ebraelebis mosvlis

Sesaxeb. g. meliqiSvili Tavdapirvelad iziarebda mosazrebas, rom

ormefoba qarTlSi ax. w. I s-is Sua wlebidan unda dawyebuliyo da

II s-is Sua wlebamde unda gagrZelebuliyo, magram, mogvianebiT man

uaryo Tavisi Sexeduleba da axali argumentebis moxmobiT, ormefobis

pirveli wyvilis, bratman-qarZamis zeoba Zv. w. II s-is 60-iani wlebiT

daaTariRa. kerZod, ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s WeliSur redaqciaSi

iudevelyofili mcxeTeli abiaTar mRvdeli ambobs, rom 503 weli

gavida mas Semdeg, rac misi winaprebi mcxeTaSi movidnen da iqve

ambobs, rom 334 welia, rac RmerTi aRar mfarvelobs israelso. aqedan

gamomdinare, g. meliqiSvilma gamoiTvala rogorc ebraelTa qarTlSi

226

mosvlis dro, aseve qarZam-bratmanis zeobis TariRic: ax. w. 334 _ 503 = Zv. w. 169 wels. Zv. w. 169 weli, marTlac, iyo selevkidTa dinastiis

warmomadgenlis, antioqos IV epifanes winaaRmdeg makabelTa ajanyebis

weli, romlis drosac mravali ebraeli iZulebeuli gaxda daetovebina

Tavisi samSoblo da usafrTxo adgilebisTvis Seefarebina Tavi.287 ‘kaosi” _ saxelis etimologia momdinareobs Zv. iranuli saxelidan

Kava.Usa > saS. spars. Kavus, Kayos. pirveli nawili Kai momdinareobs Zveli iranuli sityvidan Kava. Kavi _ tituli, romelic gvxvdeba

kavatas mier daarsebuli dinastiis mTavarTa, mefeTa sakuTari

saxelebis win (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi qarTul-iranuli enobrivi

urTierTobidan, gv. 507).288 ‘farsmani” _ f. iustis am saxelis etimologia gamohyavs iranuli

saxelidan Parsamana = ‘sparsuli sulis mqone” (m. andronikaSvili,

narkvevebi qarTul-iranuli enobrivi urTierTobidan, gv. 502-505).289 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da mepobda imier Parsman da amier ±aoz”.290 ‘didi mefe iarvandi” _ e. w. orontidebis dinastiis warmomadgeneli

somxeTis mefe, oront II, romlis zeobac ivaraudeba Zv. w. III s-is

bolos _ II s-is dasawyisSi.291 Cemi azriT, es cnoba pirdapir kavSirSia mose xorenelis II wignis

40 da 41 Tavebis SinaarsTan, romelTa mixedviTac ervandma (igive

orontma, igive iarvandma iarvandma) aaSena bagarani, kerpebis qalaqi

mdinare axurianis CrdiloeT napirze. imave mdinaris CrdiloeT

napirzeve gauSenebia ervands didi tye, romelic SemouRobavs da iq

gauSvia sxvadasxva gareuli cxoveli, raTa nadirobiT garTobiliyo.

mose xorenelis mixedviT, ervands am tyisTvis daurqmevia ‘cnndoc”.

Cemi azriT mdniare axuriani unda gulisxmobdes mtkvris berZnuli

saxelwodebis _ ‘kÁur-os” damaxinjebul variants, xolo tyis saxeli

_ ‘cnndoc” (‘somx. ‘dabadebuli”) unda iyos damaxinjebuli ‘wunda”,

antkiuri qarTuli qalaqi mtkvirs napiras. saxelwodeba ‘bagaran” (=

iran. ‘RmerTebis adgili”) ki, romelsac xoreneli kerpebis qalaqs

uwodebs, pirdapir kavSirSia qarTveli mematianis sityvebTan _ ‘uwoda wundas saxelad qajatuni, romelic iTargmneba devTasaxlad”.

amjerad Znelia gadaWriT imis Tqma, ra wyaroebs eyrdnobodnen

‘qarTlis cxovrebis” avtori da mose xoreneli, an romeli romelzea

damokidebuli. am mxriv, sakiTxi Semdgom kvlevas saWiroebs.292 ‘azorki” _ m. andronikaSvili am saxels akavSirebs saS. sparsul

ar zukTan, romelic etimologiurad ukavSirdeba sityvas _ ārzōk = ‘sixaruli”, ‘siamovneba”, ‘survili”, sasiamovno”, ‘sasurveli” (m.

andronikaSvili, narkvevebi qarTul-iranuli enobrivi urTierTobidan,

gv. 429).

227

293 ‘armazeli” _ ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da mepobda imier ArsoÖ da

amier - Amazaer”. amazaeris etimologia gaurkvevelia.294 ‘sumbat bivritiani” _ mose xorenelTan igi warmodgenilia, rogorc

smbat biuratis Ze, bagratuni. daexmara artaSess iarvandis nacvlad

gamefebaSi (II, 37-38, 43-50). 295 ‘artaSani” _ somxeTis mefe, artaSes I (daaxl. Zv. w. 189-160 ww.),

es ambavi exmianeba mose xorenelis ‘istorias” (ix. m. xorenaci, II,

37-47). mose xorenelis mixedviT, artaSesis winaaRmdeg, iarvandis

mxares ibrZoda farsmanic: ‘marTalia, qarTvelTa jari Tavis

mefesTan, farsmanTan erTad gaiWra win da kadnierad Seutia

[mowinaaRmdeges], musrs avlebda mas, magram uceb piri ibruna da

meore mxares gaiqca” (II, 46). 296 mose xorenelis cnobiT, somxeTze Tavdasxmis iniciatorebi iyvnen

alanebi, romlebmac miimxres TiTqmis naxevari iveria (II, 50).297 ‘bazuki da abazuki” _ v. mileris ganmartebiT, es saxelebi mom di-

na reoben osuridan da bazukis mniSvnelobaa ”плечевая часть руки до локтя”, xolo ambazukis _ ‘равноплечий” (Миллер В. Ф. Осетинские этюды, т. III, с. 25; m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi, I, gv. 424, 438).

298 ‘paWanikebi” _ Zveli slavuri wyaroebis peCenegebi, kavkasiis Crdi-

lo eTiT momTabare Turqulenovani tomebi, romlebic SemdgomSi

yivCaRebma Seaviwroves.299 ‘jiqebi” _ ix. Sen. 276.300 ‘Sirakuani” _ Tanamedrove baS-Saragiali (g. wulaia; aqac da qvemoTac

g. wulaia eyrdnoba Еремян С. Т. Армения по ”Ашхарацуйц”).301 ‘vanandi” _ Seesabameba, daaxloebiT, Tanamedrove yarsis (Zv. qarT.

kari) olqs TurqeTSi (g. wulaia).302 ‘bagrevani” _ Tanamedrove alaSkertis veli (g. wulaia).303 ‘basiani” _ Tanamedrove qalaqi fasinleri TurqeTSi (g. wulaia).

mxare Zvel saqarTveloSi, mdinare araqsis xeobis zemo welSi,

amJamad TurqeTis teritoriazea.304 ‘daSti” _ milis stepi, adreuli saxeli gargareTis velis (g.

wulaia).305 ‘naxWevani” _ amierkavkasiis ukiduresi samxreTi mxare.306 ‘farisosi” _ adgili istoriul albaneTSi. erT xans albanel

kaTalikosTa sajdomi.307 ‘kambeCoani” _ berZnuli wyaroebis ‘kambisene”. daaxloebiT dRe-

van deli qiziyis teritoria, ivris qvemo dinebaze, dR. siRnaRisa da

de dofliswyaros raionebi. misi centri iyo xornabujSi. strabonis

mi xedviT, kambisene aris mxare, sadac ‘armenebi esazRvrebian erT d-

ro ulad iberebs da albanebs” (geografia).

228

308 es ambavi mose xorenelTan asea aRwerili: ‘im xanebSi alanebi Seu-

Tanxmdnen yvela mTiels, miimxres qarTvelTa naxevari qveyanac da

didZali laSqriT moefinnen Cvens miwa-wyals. artaSesmac Sehyara

Tavisi mravalricxovani jari da atyda omi or mamac, mSvildosan

naTesavs Soris. alanebma cota ukan daiwies, gadalaxes didi

mdinare mtkvari da daibanakes mis Crdilo napirze. artaSesi

mihyva maT da daisadgura [mtkvris] samxreTiT; [metoqeebs] mdinare

hyofda erTmaneTisagan” (II, 50). qarTul da somxur wyaroebSi

moTxrobili ambis msgavseba-armsgavsebasTan dakavSirebiT v. mileri

werda, rom, istoriulobis TvalsazrisiT, qarTuli wyaro metad

imsaxurebs ndobas: ‘При всем несходстве в частностях армянского и грузинского рассказа нельзя сомневаться в том, что оба относятся к одним и тем же событиям. Оба занесли имя Смбата Бивритиана и Арташеса (Арташена), армянского царя... оба сообщают о вторжении северокавказских народов в Армению, о столкновении на берегу Куры, о победе армян. ... Такие совпадения не могут быть случайными. Различие между армянским и грузинским рассказом зависит от того, что первый основан главным образом на народных песнях гохтенских певцов... Что же касается достоверности того и другого рассказа, то, конечно, грузинский заслуживает большего вероятия” и т. д. (Миллер В. Ф. Осетинские этюды, т. III, с. 27-28)“.

309 aqedan Cans, rom am movlenebs adgili hqonda mtkvrisa da ivris

SesarTavTan.310 ‘sami Jamidan vidre mecxre Jamamde” _ liturgikuli drois (romelic

iwyeba daaxloebiT mzis amosvlisas) aTvliT, udris daaxloebiT

dilis 9 sT-idan dRis 3 sT-mde periods.311 ‘demoTi” _ vaxuSti mier gamoTqmuli varaudidan gamomdinare,

mecnierebi askvnian, rom es unda iyos cixis nangrevebi mtkvris

marjvena napirze, sof. dviris dasavleTiT, borjomis rn-Si (vaxuSti

bagrationi, saqarTvelos geografia, 1997, gv. 123, 327). Cemi azriT,

konteqstidan gamomdinare, es unda iyos dRevandeli Tmogvis cixe,

dRevandel aspinZis raionSi. sakiTxi Semdgom Seswavlas moiTxovs.312 ‘noste” _ vaxuStis geografiaSi msgavsi mdinare ar ixsenieba.313 ‘parxlis qveyana” _ parxali unda iyos berZnuli wyaroebis (straboni,

XI, 215) Parua/drhn _ pariadris mTa (mTianeTi) istoriul saqarTveloSi,

mesxeTis qedis gagrZelebaze. vaxuSti mas eZaxis taos-kars. mdebareobs

md. Woroxis auzSi, pontos, anu lazistanis qedis aRmosavleTiT. md.

parxali saTaves iRebs dRevandel TurqeTSi mdebare alti-parmaxis

mTidan. parxlis qveyana, SuasaukuneebSi, iyo kavkasiZeebis feodaluri

gvaris sagvareulos sakuTreba.

229

314 ‘tao” _ Zv. saqarTvelos erT-erTi provincia, md. Woroxis Sua

dinebis auzSi, amJamad TurqeTSia.315 ‘abocis gza” _ mTlad naTeli ar aris romel gzazea saubari (abocis

ganmartebisaTvis ix. Sen. 73). 316 igulisxmeba javaxeTis mxare, wunda da artaani TavianTi sazRv-

rebiT.317 ‘Seqmnes saficari da aRTqma” _ avtori qarTvelebsa somxebs Soris

zavis gaformebaze saubrobs. Zvelad SeTanxmeba iwereboda ficarze,

an raime brtyel saganze, romelic SeiZleboda yofiliyo xis, qvis,

an liTonis. Sdr. moses mier rjulis ficrebis miReba, romelic or

brtyel qvaze daweril aT mcnebas warmoadgenda. 318 rogorc Cans, soxebi erTdroulad ebrZoda parTelebs, Tavisi

aRmosavleT sazRvrebis gasafarToeblad da romaelebs, anatoliaSi misi

mokavSireebis saxiT, ebrZoda dasavleT sazRvrebis Semosamtkiceblad.

es ambebi unda ukavSirdebodes Zv. w. I s-is I naxevris ambebs, roca

somxeTis mefe tigrani pontos mefe miTridate VI evpatoris mokavSire

iyo. tigranma pontosTan kavSirSi SesZlo daebrunebina parTiisgan

adre warTmeuli miwebi, SeierTa parTiis Crdilo-dasavleT mxareebi,

pontos mier romTan brZolebis periodSi daeufla sirias, finikias

da kilikiis nawils (saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi).319 sparselebTan sumbatis es brZola mose xorenels ase aqvs aRwerili:

‘sparsTa mefis, bolo arSakis gardacvalebis Semdeg Cvenma arta-

Sesma sparseTs gaamefa arSakis vaJi, Tavisi sexnia, artaSesi. misdami

mor Cileba ar moisurva im mTianeTis mosaxleobam, romelsac maT

ena ze patiJaharis gavari hqvia, rac igive geRmnis mTaa, agreTve

arc zRvis sanapiros da arc maT aqeT [mcxovreblebma]. imave

mi ze ziT Cvens mefes aujanyda kasbTa qveyana. artaSesma maT wi-

naaRmdeg gagzavna sumbati somexTa mTeli jariT, romelsac Svidi

dRis ganmavlobaSi TviTon mefe miacilebda. smbati mivida iq da

daimorCila yvela [meamboxe]. man daarbia kasbTa qveyana, saidanac

kidev ufro meti tyve wamoasxa somxeTSi, vidre artazidan; imaTi

mefe, saxelad zardmanosic ki [tyved Cavarda]” (II, 53).320 ‘zareni” _ mose xorenelTan ewodeba _ ‘zareh” (II, 53).321 ‘tba celi” _ tba am saxelwodebiT ucnobia. konteqstidan ga mom-

dinare, SesaZloa, Tavdapirvel teqstSi yofliyo ‘tba geli”, anu

dRevandeli sevanis tba somxeTSi.322 ‘artavazi da tigrani” _ mose xorenelTan maT ewodebaT artavazdi

da tirani (II, 53).323 ‘mTiuleTelebi” _ unda igulisxmeboden aragvis xeobis mkvidrni.324 ‘TrialeTi” _ Zvelad mxare qciis saTaveebSi, ZiriTadad axlandeli

230

walkis raionis teritoria.325 mose xoreneli zaren/zarexis ambavs lakonurad aRwers: ‘zarehi

iyo pativmoyvare kaci, mxecebze nadirobaSi marjve, xolo omSi

mxdali, uvargisi. igi gamocdili hyavda qarTvelTa mefes, vinme

qarZams, [romelmac] aujanya qveyana, Seipyro da kavkasiis mTaze

cixeSi Casva zarehi. [qarZams] SeebrZolnen artavazdi da tirani

smbatis TanxlebiT da gamoiyvanes Zma talaxidan” (II, 53).326 ‘drama artaSan mefis saxiT davbeWdoTo” _ msgavsi moneta arqe o-

lo gebis mier aRmoCenili ar aris. 327 ‘amazaspi” _ saxeli etimologiurad ukavSirdeba Zv. sparsul saxels

_ Hamāzāspa = ‘cxenmravali” (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi qarTul-

iranuli enobrivi urTierTobidan, gv. 422-423).328 ‘deroki” _ saxelis etimologiisTvis ix. Sen. 253.329 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da mepobda imier Amazaså da amier - DeruÖ”.330 ‘qarTlis cxovrebaSi” es wyvili ormefobis ukanaskneli wyvlilia. am

moT xrobis mixedviT, qarTlSi ZalauflebisTvis ibrZvian, erTi mxriv

far sman mefe da misi spaspeti farnavazi, somxebis mxardaWeriT, xo lo

meo re mxriv, _ mirdati, sparselebis mxardaWeriT. ‘moqcevaÁ qar T-

lisaÁ”-Si amazaspisa da derukis Semdgom wyvilad dasaxelebulia ori

far smani: ‘da mepobda imier Parsman kveli da amier - Parsman avaz”.

Ce mi azriT, ‘farsman avaz” unda iyos damaxinjebuli ‘farnavaz”,

far s manis spaspetis saxeli. es faqtic adasturebs azrs, rom

‘qarTlis cxovreba” da ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ” eyrdnoba Cvenamde

vermoRweul ‘mefeTa cxovrebis” Zvel teqsts. am wyvilis Semdeg

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si kidev erTi wyvili ixsenieba: ‘da mepobda

imier RoÖ da amier - Mirdaï. da amisa ze moaÖlda Armazi sameupoy

da Mcxetas oden iço mepobay”. ‘qarTlis cxovrebaSi roki saerTod

ar ixsenieba. es sakiTxi damatebiT kvlevas moiTxovs.331 ‘uSiSi rogorc uxorco” _ literaturuli hiperbola, Zveli qar-

Tuli literaturis ZeglebSi. garda farsman-qvelisa, asea Semkuli

vaxtang gorgasali juanSerTan, giorgi mefe (mat. qarTl.), jalaledini

(JamTaaRmwereli). ‘uÃorco” Zvel qarTul literaturaSi ewodeboda

ZiriTadad angelozebs, magram aseve borot sulebsac, anu yvela

araxorciel qmnilebas.332 ‘mefeTa cxovrebaSi” yovelTvis saubaria ‘qarTvelTa (xalxis)

mefeze” da ara ‘qarTlis (qveynis) mefeze”. es aris erTaderTi

SemTxveva, sadac laparakia qarTlis, rogorc qveynis mefeze.333 ‘rkinisxevi” _ adgilmdebareoba zustad daudgenelia. SesaZloa

es xevi kavSirSi iyos vaxuStisTan moxseniebul rkiniscixesTan _ ‘bunebrivi klde-simagre md. veres xeobaSi, beTaniis taZris

231

aRmosavleTiT. ramdenime wlis win aq jer kidev SeiZleboda qvis

zRudaris naxva (gardabnis r.)” (vaxuSti bagrationi, saqarTvelos

geografia, 1997, gv. 252, Sen. 172).334 ‘jumberi” _ saxeli ‘jumberi” igivea rac ‘juanSeri”.335 ‘cxvrebi dasetyvili” _ bibliuri metafora. setyva niSnavs RvTis

risxvis, guliswyromis gamovlinebas (Sdr. gam. 9:19, 22-23; es. 28:2,

30:30).336 ‘jaWvi” _ gaurkvevelia jaWvis zusti adgilmdebareoba, magram kon-

teq stidan gamomdinare, saubari unda iyos mcxeTis axlos mdebare

teritoriaze. Cemi azriT sityva ‘jaWvi” unda gulisxmobdes jaWvis

xidis arsebobas mcxeTis axlos md. aragvze. am jaWvis xids unda

ukav Sirdebodes Zveli xalxuri Tqmuleba imis Sesaxeb, rom jvris

mo nas tridan sveticxovelamde jaWvi iyo gabmuli da berebi masze ga-

di odnen da gamodiodnen.337 Sdr. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s cnoba: ‘amisa ze moaÖlda Armazi

same upoy da Mcxetas oden iço mepobay”. sparsTa mier armazSi

datovebul erisTavSi SesaZloa igulisxmebodes roki, romelic

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s mixedviT mefobda mirdatTan erTad.338 farsmanis coli, albaT, somxeTis mefis, tigran II-is asuli unda

yofiliyo.339 ‘sparselebis erisTavi” _ ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s roki? (ix. Sen.

337).340 ‘im dros moyvrobdnen somxebi da berZnebi” _ unda gulisxmobdes Zv.

w. 66 wels da mis Semdgom periods, rodesac tigran II-e iZulebuli

Seiqna pompeusTan zavi daedo (romlis ZaliTac dakarga adre

SemoerTebuli bevri olqi da mouwia 6 000 talantis kontribuciis

gadaxda) da ‘romis megobrisa da mokavSiris” wodeba miiRo, rac,

faqtiurad, somxeTis romisadmi daqvemdebarebas niSnavda. 341 ‘rexa” _ vaxuStisTan ixsenieba daba rexi da rexis xeoba (dRevandeli

mdinare lexura). daba rexi mdebareobda Tanamedrove sakorinTlos

adgilze, kaspis rn-Si. 342 gaurkvevelia romaelTa romeli laSqroba igulisxmeba am ambebSi. xom

ar iyo es pompeusis laSqroba? sakiTxi damatebiT kvlevas moiTxovs.343 ‘adami” _ cxadia, rom es redaqtor-gadamweris mier daSvebuli

Secdomaa. qarTlis mefes, im dros veranairad erqmeoda es bibliuri

saxeli.344 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da mepobda ¬adami da (!) dÌe Ö””. arc am

wyaros cnobaa mTlad naTeli.345 redaqtor-gadamwers aSkarad areuli aqvs saxelebi Radana/Radami da

adami.

232

346 es erT-erTi bundovani adgilia, rogorc ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si,

aseve ‘qarTlis cxovrebaSi”. Cemi azriT, aq saqme unda gvqondes

im ambebTan, romelsac aRwers tacitusi da saqme unda exebodes

qarTlis mefes, farsmans, mis Zes radamistuss da mis dedinacvals,

romelTa ambebic aRwerili aqvs tacituss. SesaZloa am adgilas

teqsti Segnebulad iqna Seryvnili redaqtoris mier. saqme isaa, rom

dion kasiusis da tacitusis cnobebis mixedviT, Cv. w. I s-is dasawyisSi

armeniaSi mefoben iberielTa samefo sagvareulos warmomadgenlebi

miTrdidate (35-37 da 47-51 ww.), iberiis mefis, farsmanis Zma da Semdeg,

farsmanis Ze radamistusi (51-54 ww.). am radamistusma RalatiT mokla

Tavisi biZa miTridate da 51 wels TviTon gamefda somxeTSi. somexi

didebulebis ajanyebis gamo, radamisti iZulebuli gaxda iberiaSi

gaqceviT eSvela TavisTvis da rogorc Cans iq Tavisi mamis, farsmanis

taxtis dakavebas Seecada _ tacitusis cnobiT, farsmanma moakvlevina

radamistusi. Cans, rom am periodis Sesaxeb vrceli moTxroba unda

yofiliyo, romelic albaT armenofilma redaqtorma Semdgom gangeb

Seryvna. vfiqrob, qarTlis samefos es periodi met yuradRebas da

saguldagulo kvlevas moiTxovs.347 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ” amis Semdeg qarTlis mefeTa mxolod saxelebs

CamoTvlis, yovelgvari damatebiTi cnobebis motanis gareSe.348 ‘dvaleTis gza” _ dvaleTis gza orjer ixsenieba ‘qarTlis cxov-

rebaSi” da orjerve ovsebTan dakavSirebiT. vaxuStis mixedviT, ‘da

sdian ese Ãevni (rokisxevi da bJisxevi) dvalTgorasa, da dian

samÃreTad. xolo bJisÃevi sadaca sdis kavkassa, mun dambldabdebis

zekaris kavkasi, da gardavals gza zamTrisa da zafxulisa zaxas da

dvaleTs” (vaxuSti bagrationi, saqarTvelos geografia, 1997, gv. 79-80).

bJisxevi aris axlandeli sba, liaxvis marjvena Senakadi, javis r-ni (iqve,

gv. 323). swored am gzas unda gulisxmobdes ‘dvaleTis gza”. dvalebi

iyvnen CrdilokavkasiaSi mosaxle tomi, romelTa eTnikuri identifikacia

dRemde gansjis sagania, mgram erTi ram cxadia, rom dvalebma didi

roli iTamaSes osi xalxis formirebaSi. dvaleTi iyo Zveli saqarTvelos

mxare kavkasionis mTavari wyalgamyofi qedis CrdiloeT nawilSi, md.

ardonis auzSi, amJamad Crdilo oseTis teritoria.349 es sityvebi mowmobs, rom ovsebi ara Zarcvisa da alafis Sesagroveblad

iyvnen gadmosulebi qarTlSi, aramed raRac politikuri misiiT, radgan

ar gaagzavnes marbieli razmebi qveyanaSi da ewadaT dedaqalaqis, mcxeTis

aReba. sakiTxs SesaZloa naTeli moefinos parTia-romis imdroindeli

urTierTobis istoriis fonze, rac Semdgomi kvlevis sagania.350 ‘xuanxua” _ ‘vs. mileris azriT, es saxeli mogvagonebs osur saxe-

lebs, romlebic gadmoscemen raime survils (dalocvis msgavsi):

233

digorulad Xonxya niSnavs: ‘iyav mTa”, e. i. ‘mTasaviT maRali”,

anda SesaZloa igi warmoadgendes damaxinjebul formas sityvidan

Xyäнхаг ‘mTieli”, ‘mTiuli”. vs. mileri da misi mixedviT m. fasmeric

SesaZleblad Tvlian osuri Xuänхаg daukavSiron skviTur saxels

Savi zRvis Crdilo sanapiroebidan Caucako(") Stratoneivkou”. am azrs iziarebs m. andronikaSvilic (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi iranul-

qarTuli enobrivi urTierTobidan, I, gv. 509-510).351 teqstidan ar Cans, Tu ram gamoiwvia amazaspis politikuri kursis

Secvla, rac, sabolood, misTvis savalalod dasrulda.352 ‘Takveris gza” _ vaxuStis mixedviT, Takveri leCxumia, magram am

SemTxvevaSi unda igulisxmebodes raWa da gza raWis gavliT, rogorc

es vaxuSti bagrationis ‘geografiis” aSiaze minawerSia: ‘pirvelad

Takvers uwodebden raWas bagrationTamde, viTarca aCens cxovreba,

rameTu ‘gardmovleso osTa gza Takverisao”, vinadgan ars gza

ose Tisa raWa da ara leCxumi” (vaxuSti bagrationi, saqarTvelos

geografia, 1997, gv. 149, Sen.).353 ‘guTisxevi” _ gaurkvevelia, romeli xevi igulisxmeba am saxelSi. 354 ‘loRoTeTi” _ xelnawerTa variantebia: loRofeTisa, loRTeTisa. Zv.

somxur TargmanSia ‘loRoTac”, rac niSnavs loRoTels. es saxeli

pirdapir kavSirSi unda iyos mirian mefis colis, pontoeli nanas

warmoSobasTan da unda aRniSnavdes romaul Tanamdebobas ‘legats”

(Sdr. Sen. 384).355 ‘sefelia” _ gaurkvevelia saxelis etimologia. SesaZloa iyos

berZnuli saxelis _ ‘zefiria” damaxinjebuli varianti. 356 ‘rev marTali” _ ‘saS. iranuli saxeli Rēv, romelic safuZvlad udevs

qarTul revs, f. iustis azriT, warmoadgens Semoklebul formas

saxelidan Rēwnīz ‘sicruis damamxobeli” rēv, ax. sp. riv ‘sicrue”, ‘siverage” + nīz < av. nyānčah ‘damamxobeli”, ‘damTrgunveli”. aseT

interpretacias amarTlebs qarTuli rev marTali, sadac marTali

_ glosaa revnizisa (marTali, e. i. ‘sicruis damamxobeli”). Sdr.

somx. rev. (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi iranul-qarTuli enobrivi

urTierTobidan, I, gv. 489-490). aqedan gamomdinare, vfiqrob, rom ‘rev[-

niz]”, SemoklebiT _ ‘rev”, iyo qarTveli farnavaziani mefis zedwodeba,

Serqmeuli saxeli, sinamdvileSi ki, mas sxva saxeli unda rqmeoda.357 ‘vaCe” _ am saxelis etimologia gamomdinareobs falauri sityvidan _

Wačak = ‘ymawvili”, ‘bavSvi”, ‘biWi” (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi

iranul-qarTuli enobrivi urTierTobidan, I, gv. 466-467).358 ‘asfaguri” _ m. andronikaSvilis azriT, saxeli Crdilo-iranuli

warmoSobis unda iyos: Aspār-ug, sadac aspār = ‘mxedari” da -uk//-ug _ Crdilo-iranul sakuTar saxelebSi gavrcelebuli sufiqsi. v.

234

abaevis interpretaciiT ki am saxels Semdegi etimologia aqvs: aspa = ‘cxeni” + ruk, Zv. iranuli rauka, rauča = ‘sinaTle”, ‘naTeli”, e.

i. ‘naTelcxeniani” (m. andronikaSvili, narkvevebi iranul-qarTuli

enobrivi urTierTobidan, I, gv. 425-426).359 ‘ujarma” _ vaxuStis mixedviT, ujarma mdebareobs ‘iorsa zeda,

orTa mTaTa Soris kaxeTisa da kuxeTisasa”, dRevandel sagarejos

raionSi (vaxuSti bagrationi, saqarTvelos geografia, 1997, gv. 91).360 ‘qasre anuSirvan sasaniani” _ igulisxmeba sparseTis pirveli

sasaniani mefe, sasanianTa samefo dinastiis damaarsebeli, ardaSir

I (224-239 ww). es anaqronizmi metyvelebs, rom ‘mefeTa cxovrebis“

gviandel redaqtors mTlad naTeli warmodgena ar hqonia arc mirianis

mamisa da arc ardaSiris vinaobaze. qvemoT vnaxavT, rom ‘qarTlis

cxovrebis“ gviandelma redaqtorma, isargebla ‘agaTangelosis“

somxuri redaqciis cnobebiT da iq moxseniebuli ardaSiri gaaigiva

mirianis mamasTan, xolo Semdeg ardaSiri Secvala anuSirvaniT,

risi obieqturi mizezic arsebobda. saqme isaa, rom qasre anuSirvan

sasanianis saxeli, rogorc TviT ‘qarTlis cxovrebis“ redaqtoric

aRiarebs, aRebulia sparsuli wyarodan: ‘mefe iqmna sparseTs

qasre anuSarvan sasaniani, romelman mosrna mefeni aJRalanianni,

romeli icnobebis ardabirobiT, viTarca weril ars cxovrebasa

sparsTasa“. TiTqmis ueWvelad unda iTqvas, rom es ‘sparsTa

cxovreba“ romeliRac arabulenovani sparsuli wyaro unda iyos,

radgan arabul-muslimur periodSi sasaniani mefis xosro anoSarvanis

(531-579 ww.) saxeli legendebiT Seimosa da zogadad sasanian mefeTa

aRmniSvneli gaxda. amerikeli iranisti, prof. riCard frai wers:

‘Tu vinme hkiTxavs ubralo sparsels, vin aaSena romeliRac

usaxelo, Zveli, nangrevebad qceuli mizgiTi an sxva raime

nageboba romelime adgilas, didia Sansi, man gipasuxoT, rom es

iyo Sah-abasi, sefiani mmarTveli, romelmac SenobebiT ganamSvena

qalaqi ispahani. Tu nangrevi iqneba aSkarad winare-islamuri,

pasuxi SeiZleba iyos _ xusro, anu xosro anoSarvani, ‘ukvdavi suli“, Sahabazis sasanuri oreuli. misi didi saxeli, keisris msgavsi,

arabebisTvis gaxda sasanian mefeTa aRmniSvneli (qisra _ arabulad) da

bwyinvalebisa da didebis sinonimic ki“.zemoT Tqmulidan gamomdinare,

SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom ‘mefeTa cxovrebis“ Tavdapirvel teqstSi

saubari yofila imaze, rom miriani aris sparseTis mefis Ze, magram,

amasTan, misi mamis saxeli aRniSnuli ar iyo. teqstis gviandelma

redaqtorma ‘mirianis cxovreba“ Seavso agaTangelosis ‘istoriis“

somxuri versiidan da miiCnia, rom iq naxsenebi ‘artaSiri“ unda

yofiliyo mirianis sasaniani mama. magram, radgan redaqtors didi

235

xani aSorebda sasanianTa epoqasTan da masze naTeli warmodgena ar

hqonia, arabul-sparsuli wyaroebis legendadqceuli qasre anuSarvani

gaaigiva am ardaSirTan. Sesabamisad, anaqronizmi daSvebulia gviandeli

reaqtoris mier.361 ‘aJRalaniani mefeebi“ _ igulisxmebian parTeli arsakidi mefeebis

dinastia (ix. Sen. 280).362 ‘ardaSiroba“ _ niSnavs sasanianTa samefo dinastiisadmi kuTvnilebas.

es dinastiuri saxeli ‘qarTlis cxovrebaSi“ kidev ramdenjerme

ixsenieba.363 ‘sparselebis cxovreba“ _ mecnierebi varaudoben, rom aq igulisxmeba

an Cvenamde ver moRweuli sparsuli ‘mefeTa cxovreba“ _ ‘xvadai-namaki“, an firdousis ‘Sahname“, romelsac ‘xvadai-namaki“ daedo

safuZvlad, magram rogorc vTqviT, es unda iyos romeliRac gviandeli

arabulenovani sparsuli wyaro (ix. Sen. 360).364 ‘kosaro” _ somxeTis mefe, xosrovi pirveli somexi qristiani mefis,

Trdatis mama.365 sparsel sasanianTa brZola armeniasa da kavkasiaSi Zalauflebis

mosapoveblad aRwerilia sxvadasxva istoriul wyaroebSi.366 es da qvemoT moTxrobili ambavi ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” gviandeli

redaqtoris CanarTi unda iyos, romelic man amoiRo ‘agaTangelosis”

Txzulebis somxuri versiidan (Агатангелос, История Армении, Пер. с древнеармянского К. Тер-Давтяна и С. Аревшатяна. Ер., 2004, ст. 28-32).

367 aq Tavdeba ‘agaTangelosidan” amoRebuli ambis Txroba. 368 Trdati _ somxeTis pirveli qristiani mefe (287/298-330 ww.).369 asfaguris sikvdili, iseve, rogorc somxeTis mefis, xosrov/kosaros

sikvdili, TariRdeba 240 wliT da emTxveva sparseTis mefis, Sabur

I-is gamefebas.370 ‘maeJani” _ variantia saxelebisa _ veJan, beJan. amosavalia saS. spars.

Wēžan = ‘vejeli”, iranelTa (arianelTa) miTiuri samSoblos _ ‘eranvejis” mcxovrebi. forma _ ‘maeJan” qarTul niadagze unda

iyos miRebuli veJanidan, v/m bgeraTmonacvleobiT (m. andronikaSvili,

narkvevebi iranul-qarTuli enobrivi urTierTobidan, I, gv. 468-469).371 qarTvelTa moTxovnebi, sparselebTan zavis sanacvlod, punqtobrivad

ase SeiZleba Camoyalibdes: a) sparsTa mefem qarTlis mefed unda

dasvas Tavisi Ze; b) sparseTis mefis Zem unda SeirTos ukanaskneli

farnavaziani mefis asuli abeSura; g) ar moxdes qarTvelebis

aRreva sparselebTan, rac gulisxmobs, rom sparselTa jari ar

unda ganTavsdes qarTlSi; d) qarTvel warCinebulebs SeunarCundeT

TavinTi pozicia da xelSeuxebloba; e) qarTvelebis mamaTa rjuli ar

Seicvalos sparselebis rjuliT.

236

372 sparseTis mefem pirvel rigSi gamoikiTxa mcxeTis mdebareoba da

sidide, Semdeg ki asfaguris asulis abeSuras gvareuloba, ris

Semdegac daTanxmda qarTvelTa yvela pirobas imis gamo, rom mcxeTa

mas moeCvena axlomdebare qalaqebidan yvelaze strategiulad qalaqad

Crdiloel tomebTan sabrZolvelad da mTeli kavkasiis samarTavad. am

sazavo pirobebis istoriuloba eWvs ar unda iwvevdes.373 ‘abeSura” _ am saxelis etimologia daudgenelia.374 yuradRebas iqcevs is faqti, rom teqstSi ramdenjerme, sagangebod

xazgasmiT ixsenieba sparsTa mefis mier qarTvelebisadmi micemuli

‘fici da aRTqma“, an ‘fici“, rom yvela Tavisi pirobis Sesrulebaze

sparsTa mefes qarTvelebisTvis fici miucia. iqve vkiTxulobT sparsTa

mefis Zis saxelTan dakavSirebiT, erTi SexedviT, ucnaur frazas:

‘romelsa erqua sparsulad mihran, xolo qarTulad mirian“. am

frazis ucnauroba imaSi mdgomareobs, rom mematiane sxvagan, sxva

mefesTan dakavSirebiT, arsad amaxvilebs yuradRebas mefeTa saxelebis

sparsul da qarTul warmoTqmaze: magaliTad, igi arsad ambobs,

rom mirdats sparsulad erqva ‘mihrdat“, an Trdats sparsulad

erqva ‘tiridad“ da ase Semdeg. ra kavSiri aqvs am or movlenas

erTmaneTTan? saqme is aris, rom sparsuli mihr RvTaeba miTras garda, niSnavs ‘fics“, ‘aRTqmas“, ‘sityvas“, ‘megobrobas“, ‘siyvaruls“.

aqedan gamomdinare, saxeli mihran iTargmneba rogorc ‘ficisa“,

‘aRTqmisa“, ‘megobrobisa“, ‘siyvarulisa“. aqedan gamomdinare,

‘miriani’ unda yofiliyo sparseli ufliswulisTvis Serqmeuli

saxeli, zedwodeba da ara misi namdvili saxeli. sinamdvileSi

miriani unda iyos Sabur I-is Ze, da mas unda rqmeoda amazaspi.

es amazaspi ixsenieba Saburis 362 wlis naySi-rustamis warweraSi

iberiis mefed. ‘qarTlis cxovrebis“ cnoba mirianis sasanianobis

Sesaxeb istoriul sinamdviles unda Seesabamebodes. mirians rom

marTlac erqva amazaspi, es ‘qarTlis cxovrebisa“ da ‘moqcevaÁ

qarTlisaÁ“-s sxva adgilebidanac dasturdeba, rasac qvemoT SevexebiT.

maSasadame, miriani gamefebula 240 wels Svidi wlis asakSi.375 rogorc bolo drois gamokvlevebma aCvenes (l. patariZe, g. narsiZe, d.

musxeliSvili, n. nikoloziSvili), qarTlSi episkoposisa da mRvdlebis

Camosvla, samefo ojaxisa da mcxeTelTa naTloba, jvrebis aRmarTva

unda momxdariyo 326 wels. garda amisa, Cems disertaciaSi garkveuli

maqvs, rom TxoTis mTis saswaulis Sedegad mirians qriste unda

erwmuna 323 wels. Sesabamisad, radgan mirian/amazaspi gamefebula

240 wels, 7 wlis asakSi, 323 wels igi unda yofiliyo 90 wlis,

rasac adasturebs ‘qarTlis cxovrebis“ sityvebic, rom ‘siberis

Jams scno dambadebeli RmerTi“.

237

376 rogorc zemoTac vTqvi, ‘qasre ardaSir sasanianis” qveSi igulisxmeba

Sabur I sasanidi (ix. Sen. 360).377 es niSnavs, rom Sabur I-ma Tavisi Ze, amazasp/miriani ara mxolod

qarTlis mefed dasva, aramed mas Caabara mTel kavkasiaze kontroli,

sparseTis CrdiloeT sazRvrebis Crdilo-kavkasiel momTabaraeTagan

dasacavad.378 anu mcxeTaSi.379 ‘Svidi kerpi” _ igulisxmeba gaci, ga (azos mier motanilebi), armazi

(farnavazis mier aRmarTuli), zadeni (farnajomis aRmarTuli), ainina,

danina (saurmagis aRmarTulebi) da afrodite (rev marTalis colis,

sefelias motanili).380 politikuri situaciidan gamomdinare miriani dasawyisSi aTavsebda

or erTmaneTTan SeuTavsebel religiur aRmsareblobas _ klasikur

zoroastrizms da qarTul kerpTayvanismcemlobas..381 ‘farnavazis saflavi” _ rogorc viciT, farnavazis saflavi

mdebareobda armazis mTaze, iq sadac mis mier aRmarTuli iyo armazis

kerpi. Sdr. cnobas qarTlosis saflavis Sesaxeb. 382 sasanian ufliswuls, amazasp/mirians yvelaferi unda gaekeTebina

imisTvis, rom qarTvelTa TvalSi igi legitimur qarTlis mefed

warmoCeniliyo.383 asfaguris, qarTvelTa ukanaskneli farnavaziani mefis asulis,

abeSuras sikvdiliT (248 w.), mirian/amazaspis qarTlSi mefobas

moaklda monarqiuli legitimurobis yvelaze arsebiTi sabuTi _ dinastiuri uwyvetoba.

384 ‘oliRotosi” _ sxvadasxva xelnawerSi gvaqvs variantebi: uhlatosisi,

uliotorisi. Zv. somxur TargmanSia: ‘ulitosis asuli”. es ‘saxeli”

kavSirSi unda iyos rev marTalis colis warmoSobasTanac, romelic

iyo saberZneTidan, asuli ‘loRoTeTisa” (ix. Sen. 354). SesaZlebelia aq

igulisxmebodes romauli Tanamdeboba ‘legati”, xolo ‘oliRotosi”

iyos am wodebis gaberZnulebuli varianti saxelobiTi brunvis niSniT

_ Jo legato". SesaZloa aseve, rom es iyos Zveli berZnuli saxelis

oligeTosis _ !Oligaiqo» varianti. me ufro damajereblad pirveli axsna

meCveneba, magram vTvli, rom sakiTxi damatebiT kvlevas moiTxovs.385 miriani 40 wlis gaxda 372 wels. swored am dros gardaicvala

sparseTis mefe Sabur I. 372-373 wlebSi mokle xniT (weliwadi da

10 dRe) sparseTSi mefobda Saburis Ze hormizd I, xolo 373 wels

gamefda Saburis Semdgomi Ze varahran I. qarTuli wyaroebis bartami

momdinareobs sparsuli saxelidan _ ‘varahran“, avest. ‘vereTranga“. qarTul wyaroebSi amisi Sesatyvisia: vahram/bahram/baram. gadamwers

advilad SeiZleboda SeSloda da bahramis an baramis nacvlad daewera

238

bartami, rac kidev erTi damatebiTi sabuTia ‘qarTlis cxovrebis“

cnobaTa sandoobisTvis.386 sparseTis mefis karTan arsebobda uxucesTa sabWos instituti,

romelic krizisul situaciebSi gadamwyvet sityvas ambobda.387 ‘jazireTi da Sami” _ igulisxmeba SuamdinareTi da siria. jazireTi

‘mefeTa cxovrebaSi” ixsenieba mxolod erTxel, (iseve, rogorc laSa

giorgis droindel mematianeSi), xolo juanSeris ‘vaxtang gorgaslis

cxovrebaSi” ixsenieba aTjer. Samic ‘mefeTa cxovrebaSi” ixsenieba

mxolod erTxel (laSa giorgis droindel mematianeSi _ orjer,

xolo juanSeris ‘vaxtang gorgaslis cxovrebaSi” _ samjer. aqedan, am TxzulebebSi, xuT SemTxvevaSi Sami da jazireTi ixsenieba erTad,

rac imaze metyvelebs, rom mirianis ‘cxovrebaSi” es ori toponimi

gviandeli redaqtoris Canamatia, rasac ver vityviT adarbadaganze.388 ‘adarbadagani” _ uwindeli midiis teritoria, dRevandeli iranis

CrdiloeT nawili.389 ‘feroSi da kavtia” _ unda igulisxmebodes iranis qalaqi feroz-

kavadi.390 aqedan moTxrobili Trdatis ambavi ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” gviandeli

redaqtoris mier amoRebulia ‘agaTangelosis” somxuri versiidan

(Агатангелос, История Армении, Пер. с древнеармянского К. Тер-Давтяна и С. Аревшатяна. Ер., 2004, ст. 32-35).

391 aq mTavrdeba ‘agaTangelosidan” amoRebuli pasaJi.392 romis daxmarebiT Tdatis gamefeba somxeTSi, wyaroebis mixedviT,

moxda diokletianes gamefebis meoTxe, anu 387 wels.393 ‘ferozi” _ ferozi sasanianTa samefo sagvareulos gverdiTi Stos

warmomadgeneli unda yofiliyo, rasac amtkicebs is cnobac, rom mi ri ans

misTvis miuTxovebia Tavisi asuli. aqemenidebidan moyo le buli, spar seTis

samefo sagvareulos warmomadgenlebs, axlo naTe savebs Soris qor wineba

sanaqebo saqmed iyo miCneuli. saxeli modis saS. sparsuli sit yvidan

_ Pērōč, Pērōz = ‘gamarjvebuli”, ‘Zlevamosili” (m. an d ro nikaSvili,

narkvevebi iranul-qarTuli enob rivi urTierTobidan, I, gv. 488). 394 ferozis daniSvniT xunanis, anu gardabnis (gardmani) saerisTavoSi

mirianma Tavisi poziciebi gaimyara albaneTsa da zogadad samxreT

aRmosavleT sazRvrebze.395 ‘somxebis cxovreba” _ unda igulisxmebodes agaTangelosis ‘somxeTis

istoria” (somxuri versia) da ara sxva romelime Zv. somxuri

istoriuli literaturis Zegli.396 mirianis da bartamis (varahran I) umcrosi Zma unda iyos narse,

romelic sparseTSi gamefda 293 wels. e. i. miriansa da Trdats Soris

saomari viTareba gagrZelda 387 wlidan 293 wlamde.

239

397 mirianis da narses erToblivi, warmatebuli laSqroba somxeTisa da

romis winaaRmdeg daiwyo 294 wels. Sedegad, sparseTma aRadgina

somxeTze Tavisi gavlena. konstantine didis moxsenieba aq aSkarad

anaqronizmia. amdros romis imperatori iyo dioklitiane, xolo

imperiis aRmosavleT mxares ganagebda keisari galeriusi.398 es gviandeli redaqtoris CanarTi SeTxzulia konstantines maqsenciusze

gamarjvebis ambis wabaZviT.399 romaelTa sparselebze gamarjvebis es ambavi asaxavs 296 wlis

movlenebs, rodesac diokletiane da galeriusi SeiWrebian sparseTSi,

daamarcxeben narses da daibruneben soxeTs romis gavlenis qveS.400 ‘baqari” _ ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” mixedviT mirian mefis umcrosi Svilia,

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s mixedviT ki _ mirianis Zis, revis Zea.401 ‘revi” _ mirianis ufrosi Svili.402 296 wels dawyebuli omi damTavrda sparseTis da misi mokavSire

qarTlis damarcxebiT. 298 wels daido sparseTsa da roms Soris

nizibinis zavi, romlis mixedviTac somxeTze da qarTlze damyarda

romis proteqtorati; imave zavis pirobebiT, romma daudgina

sazRvrebi qarTlisa da somxeTis samefoebs mtkvrisa da araqsis auzis

wyalgamyof qedze; mirianis Zes revs colad mohyavs somxeTis mefis,

Trdatis asuli, salome. 403 Sdr. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ“, sadac wm. ninos mamas, zabilons ewodeba

‘mama da embazi branjTa“404 ‘sami weli“ _ zog mkvlevars es adgili ise aqvs gagebuli, TiTqos

‘sami weli“ gulisxmobdes im dros, rodesac miriani damarcxda

spar selebTan brZolaSi da aqedan gamomdinare mcdarad adgenen

qarTlis moqcevis qronologias. sinamdvileSi, es unda iyos ‘qarTlis

cxovrebis“ redaqtoris mier ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ“-s sityvebis mcdari

wakiTxvis Sedegi, sadac weria, rom wm. nino qarTlSi mosvlidan sami

weli farulad qadagebda da mxolod meoTxe wels daiwyo cxadad

qadageba: ‘xolo Nino ... Âarmoemarta mtata Öerýo Ärdiloysata da

... Mcxetad ... da iço sam Âel egret. ilocvida parulad adgilsa

ertsa êeburvilsa brýamlita maçulisayita. ... [d]a meotxesa Âelsa

iÂço tkumad Krisïe Ìmerti da êþuli“ (Satberdis krebuli, gv.

322).405 aqedan moyolebuli, wminda ninos cxovrebisa da qarTlis moqcevis

ambebi moTxrobilia ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ“-s mixedviT, romelic,

Satberduli redaqciis Tanaxmad, Caiwera salome ujarmelma da

peroJavri sivnielma. Tumca, masSi aseve moTxrobilia abiaTar

mRvdelisa da misi asulis, sidonias Canawerebic.406 ‘roca wminda giorgi kabadukieli iwama qristesTvis” _ giorgi

240

kabadukieli ewama 303 wels. misi wamebis TariRis xseneba mianiSnebs

wmida ninos dabadebis TariRze, romelic Cemi gamokvleviT unda

dabadebuliyo 300-301 wels.407 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si, ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” am nawilis uSualo

wyaroSi saubari ar aris kabadokiis qalaqze. iq naTqvamia zogadad,

rom zabuloni iyo kabadokiidan408 ‘mTavarTa swori” _ es sityvebi mianiSnebs, rom wm. ninos mama ar iyo

mTavari, aramed maTi swori, romis imperiaSi meore privilegirebuli

fenis, mxedrobis warmomadgeneli.409 Cemi azriT, zabuloni romis armiaSi msaxurobda umcros oficrad

_ centurionad, radgan: zabulonis arc senatorul, arc romelime

umaRles aristokratiul warmoSobaze araviTari cnoba ar gvaqvs.

‘moqcevaÁ”-s mixedviT, is iyo ara mTavari, aramed ‘kaci vinme

mTavarTa Sesabami”, e. i. mTavarTa swori, mTavarTan gaTanabrebuli,

rac mafiqrebinebs, rom is miekuTvneboda ara senatorTa, aramed

imperiis meore privilegirebul fenas _ mxedarTa fenas. am azrs adasturebs WeliSur redaqciaSi ninos misamarTiT naTqvami, erTi

SexedviT, ucnauri gamoTqma _ ‘hgavs [!] SÂlsa mTavarTasa”. ‘moqcevaÁ

qarTlisaÁ”-s mixedviT, zabuloni samxedro samsaxurSi midis ara

politikuri karieris gamo, aramed wminda materialuri mosazrebebiT

(‘warvida hromed mefeTa winaSe msaxurebad da niWisa moRebad”),

rac damaxasiaTebeli iyo mxedarTa fenisaTvis da socialuri safexuriT

dabla mdgomi burJuaziisTvis. maTTvis dawesebuli xelfasis garda,

romaeli legionerebis Semosavals warmoadgenda samxedro alafi.410 ‘kolastra” _ bevr mecniers miaCnia, rom es iyo qalaqi kapadokiaSi,

magram sinamdvileSi arsad weria, rom kolastra iyo kapadokiis

qalaqi. rogorc Cems sadisertacio naSromSi maqvs navaraudevi, es

unda iyos mcire aziis erT-erTi provinciis, frigiis qalaqi kolasa

(ix. pavle moc. epistole kolaselTa mimarT). 411 ‘wminda aRdgoma” _ igulisxmeba qristes saflavi. miuxedavad imisa,

rom ierusalemis mTavari siwmideebi _ golgoTa, macxovris saflavi,

III s-Si Seryvnili iyo da am adgilebSi warmarTuli sakerpoebi iyo

aRmarTuli, ierusalems, rogorc wmida qalaqs mainc ar hqonda

dakarguli Tavis mniSvneloba. amis dasturad gamodgeba Tundac

aleqsandre ierusalimel episkoposis cxovreba ($ 250/251 ww.), romelSic

naTqvamia, rom septimus severosis sikvdilis Semdeg, sapyrobiledan

gaTavisuflebuli aleqsandre gaemgzavra ierusalemSi ‘salocavad da

im adgilTa istoriisaTvis” (‘для молитвы и ради истории тех мест“). ierusalemis episkoposad arCevis Semdeg, aleqsandrem ierusalemSi

daaarsa saRvTismetyvelo skola (sadac aswavlida origene) da

241

mdidari biblioTeka, romliTac evsebi kesarielic ki sargeblobda

Tavisi ‘eklesiis istoriis” werisas (176, 473-474). ase, rom wyaroTa

cnoba, iobenalisa da sosanas ierusalemSi wasvlis Sesaxeb istoriul

sinamdviles araa moklebuli. 412 ‘devtalari” _ rogorc s. yauxCiSvilma daadgina, momdinareobs

berZnuli sityvidan ‘deuterarios”, rac niSnavs, meores, moadgiles,

TanaSemwes. am SemTxvevaSi, ierusalimis episkoposis Semdeg meore pirs

saeklesio ierarqiaSi.413 ‘niafori” _ ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si naxsenebia formiT ‘miafori”,

romelic unda iyos Tavdapirveli ‘niaforTan” SedarebiT. unda

modiodes berZnuli terminidan ‘maforion”, romelic aRniSnavda qalis

samoss, romelic ifaravda Tavidan fexamde. Cveulebriv, maforions

atarebdnen dedaTdiakvnebi, da sara beTlemeli dedaTdiakoni unda

iyos. Sdr. sqimosani, an sqemiT Semosili, monazonis aRsaniSnavad.414 ‘branjebi” _ erT-erTi germanuli tomis _ frankebis saxelwodebis

ara bizirebuli forma. antikur mwerlobaSi, zog SemTxvevaSi, frnakebSi

igulisxmeba ramdenime dasavleTgermanuli tomis erToba, federacia.

am SemTxvevaSi, saubari ar aris frankTa saxelmwifoze, romelic V s-is

bolodan IX s-s Sua wlebamde arsebobda galiis teri toriaze, aramed

md. rainis auzSi mcxovreb germanul tomTa federaciaze.415 ‘patalanis veli” _ ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s WeliSur da uZveles

sinur versiebSi am vels ewoda ‘polotiani”. Cemi azriT, swored es

wakiTxva unda iyos Tavdapirveli da marTebuli da unda gulisxmobdes

laTinur Palatinatum Rheni-s. ‚palatinat“-is saxelwodebiT adreul da

gvian Sua saukuneebSi cnobilia ramdenime teritoria, magram, rogorc

wesi, es saxelwodeba umTavresad igivdeba rainis palatinatTan (germ.

Pfalz). rainis palatinatis teritoria moicavda zemo rainis orive

sanapiros da Sua saukuneebSi misi dedaqalaqi iyo haidelbergi. amJamad

es teritoria gadanawilebulia badenis, bavariis, darmStadtis, nasaus

da prusiis miwebze. marTalia, enaTmecnierulad arsebobs ‚katalaun“-

is ‚patalanad“ qcevis SesaZlebloba (n. mari), magram vfiqrobT, rom

enaTmecnieruladac da, miTumetes, istoriuladac ‚polotiani“-s

velSi unda igulisxmebods rainis Palatinatum-is teritoria.416 zabulonis, rogorc centurionis savaldebulo samsaxuris vadad

unda vigulisxmoT daaxloebiT 23-25 weli. Tuki gaviTvaliswinebT,

rom Wabuki zabuloni samxedro samsaxurSi wavida romis imperiis

kanonebiT dadgenili 17 wlis asakSi, maSin gamodis, rom mas sosana

unda moeyvana colad daaxloebiT 40-42 wlis asakSi, radgan imperiis

kanonTa Tanaxmad, legatebisa da tribunebis garda, sxva samxedro

mosamsaxureebs samsaxuris periodSi daojaxeba ekrZalebodaT. aqedan

242

gamodis, rom, Tuki mirianis moqcevis TariRad aviRebT 326 wels,

amas unda gamovakloT 23 weli (ninos asaki mirianis moqcevisas) da

ninos dabadebis TariRad miviRebT daaxl. 301 wels. am TariRs rom

gamovakloT zabulonis samxedro samsaxurSi yofnis daaxloebiTi vada

_ 25 weli (301 - 25 = 276) da misi ierusalemSi mgzavrobis, sosanas

SerTvisa da kolastaSi dasaxlebis periodis gaTvaliswinebiT, miviRebT,

rom zabulonis branjebTan brZolis ambavi unda vigulisxmoT 276

wels. rogorc Cems naSromSi (zabulonidan mirianamde, 2003) maqvs

garkveuli, romaelebis branjebTan brZolaSi unda igulisxmebodes

romis imperatoris, markus avrelius probusis (276-282 ww.) brZola

germanul tomebTan 276 wels, md. rainis auzSi. am gamarjvebis

aRsaniSnavad, sxva titulebs Soris, probuss mieniWa tituli ‚frankus”. probusis istorikosis, flavianus-vopiskusis TqmiT, imperatoris

sardlebma daatyveves germanelTa beladebi, romlebic mihgvares

imperators.

417 ‚mefes da patriarqs“ _ TiTqosda sruliad daujerebelia, rom

warmarTi imperatoris dros, branjebis noqcevaze zrunaven ‚mefe

da patriarqi“, magram am SemTxvevaSi unda gaviTvaliswinoT

imperator probusis ojaxis uaxloesi wevrebis Sesaxeb Zveli

wyaroebis cnobebi: yvela marTlmadideblur TTvenSi Zveli stiliT

4 ivniss ixsenieba wmida mitrofane konstantinopolel patriarqi.

misi mama dometiusi iyo imperator probusis RviZli Zma. qristianTa

devnis dros dometiusi Tavis or SvilTan erTad gadasaxlebula

qalaq bizantionSi, sadac daemowafa episkopos titoss. Tu

gaviTvaliswinebT, rom titosi bizantionis episkoposi iyo 242-272

wlebSi, unda vifiqroT, rom dometiusma romi datova III saukunis

50-ian wlebSi, imperator valerianusis (253-260 ww.) devnis dros.

garkveuli xnis Semdeg dometiusi titoss mRvdlad ukurTxebia, xolo

am ukanasknelis gardacvalebis Semdeg, mas bizantionis episkoposis

saydari daukavebia (272-284 ww.). Cemi azriT, swored dometiusi

unda igulisxmebodes qarTul wyaroebSi moxseniebul, branjebis

monaTvlis erT-erT iniciator patriarqad, romelic SesaZloa im

dros, imperiaSi samoqalaqo areulobis gamo (probusis dapirispireba

florianusTan), Tavis Zmas axlda rainis auzSi.

418 ‚mociqulTa didebani“ _ mociqulTa dideba ewodeboda Zvel

saeklesio mwerlobaSi, zogadad, mociqulTa moZRvrebas, konkretulad

ki mrwamss, qristianobis simbolos.

419 igulisxmeba ziarebis saidumlo.

420 probusis meistorie flavianus-vopiskusis cnobiT, probusis winaSe

muxli moidrikes mis mier damarcxebuli germanuli tomebis cxra

243

beladma. es cnoba pirdapir kavSirSi unda iyos qarTul wyaroTa

cnobebTan, zabulonis mier branjTa aTi saerisTaos moqcevis

Sesaxeb. frankTa/branjTa federaciaSi gaerTianebuli iyvnen

dasavlurgermanuli tomebi: batavebi, zigambrebi, bruqterebi, xamavebi,

amisavrebi, xatebi, marsebi, tubantebi, dulgibinebi, xatuarebi da sxv.

qarTul wyaroebSi am tomebis (‚saeristavoebis“) saxelwodeba Zlier

damaxinjebulia, magram zogierTi maTganis amocnoba SesaZlebelia

(ix. n. nikoloziSvili, zabulonidan mirianamde, 2003).

421 ‚did da Rrma mdinareze“ _ ‚moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ“-s WeliSuri

redaqciaSi vkiTxulobT: ‚mdinaresa mas zeda didsa da Rrmasa“.

Satberduli da sinuri redaqcia am mdinares uwodebs ‚Rdamars“.

Cemi varaudiT, es unda ukavSirdebodes md. rainis auzSi mdebare

toponims _ ‚hadamar“. v. goilaZe, eyrdnoba ra WeliSur redaqcias,

Tvlis, rom masSi moxseniebuli ‚didi da Rrma“, gran-moren-is uSualo

Targmania, es ukanaskneli ki safrangeTis mdinare marnas erT-erTi

Senakadia. Sesabamisad, mkvlevars branjebis naTlobis adgili galiaSi,

katalaunis velidan kidev ufro dasavleTiT (ufro swored, samxreT-

dasavleTiT), parizis mimarTulebiT gadaaqvs. vfiqrobT, rom am

hidronimis identifikacia kidev moiTxovs damatebiT kvlevas, magram is,

rom mdinare Rdamara // Rdamra-s WeliSuri ‚didi da Rrma“ mdinared,

gviandeli redaqtor-gadamweris interpretaciaa, eWvs ar iwvevs.

arqeologiuri Zeglebi adastureben rainis da mozelis auzSi qris ti-422

anobis SeRwevas III s-is 70-iani wlebidan moyolebuli: wm. maTes saa ba-

toSi aRmoCnda evropaSi erT-erTi uZvelesi kripta, qristianuli sar-

kofagiT, TariRdeba daaxloebiT 270 wliT; iqve gaiTxara e. w. ‚wm.

evqariosis sasaflao“, udidesi adreqristianuli sasaflao rainis

velze, sadac aRmoCnda xuTi aTasamde (5000!) qvisa da tyviis sarkofagi,

TariRdebian IV s-is dasawyisidan moyolebuli VI s-is CaTvliT; e.w.

‚noes sarkofagi“ TariRdeba 300-306 wlebiT, xolo aseve qristianuli

‚codvili elevTerias“ da episkop agriciusis sarkofagebi TariRdeba

III-IV ss-ebis mijniT. am regionSi aRmoCnda rvaasamde adreqristianuli

warwera; ramdenime sarkofagi mogvagonebs siriul analogebs, ramdenime

epi tafia ki, rogorc sasuliero, aseve saero pirTa, Sesrulebulia ber-

Znul enaze; bonSi aRmoCnda ‚kripta memoria“-s saxeliT cnobili Seno bis

narCenebi qristianuli simbolikiT. igi aSenebulia warmarTul sasaf-

laoze, romelTagan bolo TariRdeba daaxl. 260 wliT. 300 wlisTvis,

gaurkveveli mizezis gamo kripta gaunadgurebiaT, magram IV s-is bolos mis

adgilze auSenebiaT sworkuTxa darbazuli Senoba, sava ra udod eklesia,

sadac aTavsebdnen qristianul sarkofagebs; frankebi, germanul tomTagan

yvelaze adre, IV saukuneSi ukve gadasulan dak rZalvis kremaciuli

244

wesidan inhumaciurze. dakrZalvis inhumaciuri wesi da dakrZalvis

orientacia (dasavleTidanAaRmosavleTiT) frankTa tomebSi qristianobis

gavleniT aixsneba (n. nikoloziSvili, zabulonidan mirianamde).

423 yvela qronologiuri monacemiT, saubari unda iyos ierusalimis

episkopos hermonze (300-314 ww.), miuxedavad imisa, rom is qarTul

wyaroebSi iobenalad ixsenieba.

424 Sdr. Sen. 414.

425 ‚kolastra“ anu kolasa, ar iyo zabulonis mSobliuri qalaqi,

rogorc tradiciuladaa miRebuli da rac ‚qarTlis cxovrebis“

redaqtoris interpretaciaa. ‚moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ“-s sarwmuno

cnobebis mixedviT, kolasta wm. ninos dedis, sosanas mSobliuri

qalaqia da ara misi mamis, zabulonis.

426 wm. ninos dabadebis TariRad unda miviCnioT 301 w (n. nikolo-

ziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis saTaveebTan).

427 romis imperiis samoqalaqo samarTlis mixedviT, mamakacis srul-

w lovanebis asakad iTvleboda 14 weli, xolo qalisad 12 weli.

mogvianebiT, markus avreliusis xanis romauli kanonmdeblobiT, orive

sqesisTvis dadginda, rom 7 wlamde asaki iTvleboda bavSvobis asakad,

14 wlamde ki mcirewlovnad. 12-idan 14 wlamde qaliSvili unda

yofiliyo mzrunvelis meTvalyureobis qveS. sara niafori wm. ninos

mzrunvelobis qveS imyofeboda zustad ori wlis ganmavlobaSi.

428 igulisxmeba mariam magdalineli, macxovris mowaqfe.

429 igulisxmeba macxovris megobris lazares debi, mariami da marTa

(ioan. 12.1-3).

430 qristianuli monazvnobis instituti saTaves iRebs III s-is

dasawyisidan.

431 ix. Sen. 429.

432 Sdr. iob. 9:26, 15:23, 39:26-30; dan. 7:4.

433 ganxorcielebuli Ze RmerTi, ieso qriste.

434 macxovris jvarcmisa da sikvdilis Sesaxeb ixile: maT. 27:32-50; mark.

15:20-37; luk. 23:33-46; ioan. 19:16-34.

435 macxovris tansacmelze wilisyris Sesaxeb ixile: maT. 27:35; mark.

15:24; luk. 23:34; ioan. 19:23-24. Zvelad, rogorc wesi, sikvdilmisjils

sasjelis aRsrulebis win xdidnen samoss, romelic xdeboda jalaTis

sakuTreba. evangelistebis mixedviT, romaelma jariskacebma, rogorc

sasjelis aRmsruleblebma miiTvises macxovris tamsacmeli, romlis

calkeul nawilzec wili yares (lopuxini, tolkovaia biblia).

436 mcxeTeli moqalaqeebis monawileoba macxovris samosis wilisyraSi

niSnavs, rom macxovris sikvdilSi maTac Seitanes garkveuli wvlili,

razedac qvemoT visaubrebT.

245

437 maT. 27: 57-66, 28:1-15; mark. 15:42-47, 16:1-8; luk. 23:50-56, 24:1-12;

ioan. 19:38-42, 20:1-10.

438 ‘pilate” _ pilate pontoeli, iudeis romaeli prokuratori (26-36

ww.), romelmac ebraelTa daJinebuli moTxovniT gaasamarTla qriste

da miusaja jvarcmiT sikvdili. qristianuli gadmocemis Tanaxmad,

pilate pontoelma Tavi moikla, meore versiiT ki imperatorma dasaja

sikvdiliT. 1961 w. kesariaSi aRmoCnda warwera, romelSic ixseniebian

imperatori tiberiusi da pilate pontoeli.

439 pilates colis Sesaxeb Txroba ar aris saxarebaSi da mas apokrifuli

xasiaTi aqvs. vin iyo da ra erqva pilates cols, amis Sesaxeb ar

arsebobs sarwmuno cnobebi. gadmocemiT mas erqva prokla an klavdia

prokula da saberZneTis eklesiis mier Seracxulia wmindanad (xseneba

27 oqtombers), rac am gadmocemis siZveleze metyvelebs.

440 rogorc Cans, luka maxarebelTan da petre mociqulTan dakavSirebuli

es gadmocemebi Tavidanve bundovanebiT iyo moculi.

441 saubaria sam jvarze, erTi macxovris da ori _ mis gverdiT jvarcmuli avazakebis.

442 jvrebis gamoCena ierusalimSi moxda 325 wlis bolos, an 326 wels,

konstantine didis dedis, elene dedoflis mier.

443 ‘uJikebi” _ Zvel qarTul literaturul ZeglebSi aseve ewodebaT

xuJikebi. saxelwodeba modis sparseTis Zveli saxelwodebidan,

xuzistanidan (Zv. qarT. xuJastani), Tumca am SemTxvevaSi gulisxmobs

istoriuli midiis, gviandeli adarbadaganis teritorias.

444 ‘efeso” _ antikuri qalaqi egeosis zRvis sanapiroze, dRevandeli

TurqeTis teritoriaze.

445 ‘wminda aRdgomis Tayvansacemad” _ igulisxmeba qristes saflavi

(ix. Sen. 414).

446 ‘elene dedofali” _ konstantine didis deda (gardaicvala

daaxl. 327/328 w.)

447 wm. ninos biZa, ierusalimis episkoposi hermoni (qarTuli wyaroebiT

_ iubenali) cnobili iyo imiT, rom saqadageblad agzavnida misiebs

velur xalxebSi. misi mowafeebis gavrcelebulia qristianoba skviTiaSi,

kavkasiis Crdilo-dasavleT teritoriaze (ix. n. nikoloziSvili,

zabulonidan mirianamde).

448 am dros wm. nino ukve 14 wlis iyo, anu, romis kanonebis Tanaxmad,

srulwlovani.

449 aqedan iwyeba rifsimes da gaianes ambebis aRwera somxuri wyaroebis

mixedviT, kerZod, ‘wamebaÁ wmidaTa rifsimesi da gaianesi da

moyuasTa maTTasa”, romelic iTargmna Zvel qarTuladac (i. abulaZe,

agaTangelosis ‘rifsimeanTa martÂlobis” Zveli qarTuli Targmani,

246

xelnawerTa institutis moambe II, 1960, gv. 145-180). aRniSnuli

martviloba aSkarad gviandeli Txzulebaa da misi istoriuli

Rirebuleba friad saeWvoa.

450 dab. 3:1-4.

451 ‘ualeres” _ valarSis (spars. vologezi) aSenebuli.

452 ‘Trdati” _ somxeTis mefe (287-330 ww.)

453 ‘ionebis qveyana” _ berZnebis qveyana. somxurad saberZneTs ewodeba ‘hunastan”, rac ionielTa qveyanas niSnavs.

454 somxuri tradiciis Tanaxmad, qristianTa devnis gamo Trdat mefe

taxad gadaiqca da mxolod qristes aRiarebis Semdeg daubrunda

adamianis saxe.

455 aqedan kvlav grZeldeba ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-dan ambis Txroba.

456 ‘stefanes msgavsi diakoni” _ igulisxmeba stefane pirvelmowame,

mTavardiakvani. iyo erT-erTi im Svid diakvanTagani, romlebic

mociqulTa mier iqnen dadgenilebi (saqm. 6:1-6). qristes qadagebisTvis

qviT iqna Caqolili ebraelTa mier 38 wels (saqm. 7:54-60). stefane

mTavardiakvani iyo pirveli, vinc qristesTvis mowameobrivi sikvdiliT

aResrula, ris gamoc mas pirvelmowame ewoda.

457 ‘zecis mxedroba” _ igulisxmeba angelosTa dasi.

458 anu rifsimes, gaianes da sxva qalwulTa sulebi.

459 ‘aspiti da iqedne” _ Sxamiani gvelebis saxeoba, am SemTxvevaSi,

gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT ugulisxmebian warmarTebi. Sdr. es. 14:29;

fs. 90:13.

460 Sdr. maT. 9:37

461 ‘orbanTa” _ es aris ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si naxsenebi ‘uloporeT”-

is damaxinjebuli varianti. rogorc Cems sxva naSromSi maqvs

navaraudevi, am saxelwodebis adgili ar arsebobda arc somxeTSi da

arc qarTlSi da igi unda iyos berZnuli sityvis _ ‘uloforos”

(tyiT dafaruli, tyiani) mniSvnelobis ucodinrobis niadagze

toponimad aRqmuli (n. nikoloziSvili, ra enaze mogviTxrobda wminda

nino, gelaTis akademiis Juranali, #9, 2006). Sesabamisad, wm. ninos

sityvebiT, man rifsimes, gaianes da sxvaTa wamebis Semdeg, gaWirvebiT

gamoizamTra tyiT dafarul adgilas.

462 ‘meoTxe Tve, romelic aris ivnisi” _ romis imperiaSi axali

weliwadi iwyeboda martSi.

463 bolo varaudebis Tanaxmad, wm. nino saqarTveloSi Semovida 317

wlis ivnisSi (n. nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis

saTaveebTan, 2006).

464 ‘faravna” _ saqarTvelos udidesi tba faravani. mdebareobs javaxeTis

zeganze, dRevandeli ninowmindis raionSi.

247

465 wminda ninos mier somxuri enis codnis Sesaxeb informacia aSkarad

‘qarTlis cxovrebis” gviandeli redaqtoris Canamatia. amgvari cnoba

ar moipoveba mis pirvelwyaroSi, ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si.

466 ‘elarbini” _ gaurkvevelia. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s WeliSur

redaqciaSi es gaurkveveli toponimi saerTod amogdebulia: ‘zogni

dabit da zogni sapurclit da zogni kinþarelni“, xolo sinur

redaqciaSi gvaqvs aseve gaurkveveli ‘elirgniT”: ‘zogni dabit

elirgnit da zogni sapurclit da zogni kinþarelni“. Satberduli

redaqcia am adgilas naklulia.

467 ‘safurcle da qinZari” _ adgilebi mcxeTis axlos. safurcle

dRevandeli nataxtaria (mcxeTis r-ni), qinZaris zusti adgilmdebareoba

gaurkvevelia.

468 ‘rabati” _ qalaqis dasaxlebuli nawili (z. sarjvelaZe).

469 es mdinare cnobilia rogorc faravnis, aseve javaxeTis mtkvris

saxeliTac. xerTvisis cixesTan md. faravani uerTdeba mtkvars,

romelic Camoedineba mcxeTaSi.

470 unda igulisxmebodes romelime wmindani, albaT mociquli pavle,

warmarTTa mociqulad wodebuli.

471 ‘naxevradTmiani” _ naxevrad meloti.

472 ‘romaulad” _ ‘hromaelebr”, e. i. laTinurad.

473 qvemoT motanili es ‘aTi sityva” aris qalis mociqulebrivi

saqmianobis apologia.

474 mtkvari aRmosavleTisken iwyebs dinebas dRevandel q. axalcixesTan.

475 ‘urbnisi” _ antikuri qalaqi da Semdeg saepiskoposo centri,

dRevandeli sofeli urbnisi qarelis r-nSi.

476 urbnisSi IV saukunis dasawyisSi ebrauli diasporis arseboba

sruliad dasaSvebia.

477 es xidi unda yofiliyo iq, sadac dRes istoriuli e. w. pompeusis

xidia. es xidi aerTebda qalaq mcxeTas armazTan

478 aq ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” redaqtors gaepara zmnis pirveli piris

forma, rogorc es aris mis uSualo pirvelwyaroSi _ ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si.

479 rogorc ukve zemoT iTqva, armazis kerpi iyo zevs-ahuramazdas

sinkretuli RvTaeba (ix. Sen. 216).

480 rogorc zemoTac iTqva, gacisa da gaimis (gas) kerpebi kibela-atisis

msgavsi momakvdav da aRdgomad RvTaebaTa kulti unda yofiliyo

(ix. Sen 177). aRsaniSnavia, rom romauli kibelas qandakebebi swored

vercxlisgan mzaddeboda, radgan es Zvirfasi liToni mdedrobiTi

sawyisis simbolo iyo, maSin rodesac oqro mamrobiT sawyiss

ganasaxierebda.

248

481 Satberdul redaqcias TiTqos moaqvs samive sityvis Targmani:’romel

ars Öacni Ìmrtis mqdomni, mbrýolni da Âina-aÌmdgomni”. WeliSuri

da sinuri redaqciebis SedarebiT martivi ganmartebiT, isini aRniSnaven

‘prgulad/brangulad:Öacni Ìmrtis mqdomni”. Cemi azriT,

‘brangul” enaze miTiTeba adasturebs iobenal/ermonis igiveobis

da misi misioneruli Rvawls skviTebSi, goTebSi da sxva dunais Tu

dnestrispireTSi mosaxle xalxebSi. sinamdvileSi ‘Öacni Ìmrtis

mqdomni, mbrýolni da Âina-aÌmdgomni” ar unda iyos am gaugebar

sityvaTa Sinaarsoblivi Targmani, aramed es unda iyos am barbaros

xalxTa saxelebis CamonaTvali. maTSi SesaZloa igulisxmebodnen

rogorc dunais CrdiloeTiT mosaxle dakielebi (Dacia), aseve mis

samxreTiT mosaxle Trakielebi (Thrace), svevebi (Sueves, Suebes) da

burgundebi (Burgundiones), romlebic Cemi welTaRricxvis III s-Si ukve

dunaispireTSi gvxvdebian. yovelSe mTxvevaSi, am mosazrebas sabolood

ar vTvli da am mimarTulebiT kvleva gasagrZelebelia.

482 Sdr. fs. 65:3.

483 ‘uCinar sulebi, wuTisoflis mpyrobeli bneleTis mTavrebi” _ boroti sulebi, eSmakebi.

484 ‘CrdiloeTi samxreTTan erTad xarobdes” _ CrdiloeTi wminda

werilSi zogadad sulieri sibnelis aRmniSvneli terminia, romelic

upirispirdeba mzian samxreTs. am SemTxvevaSi saubaria qristes

qadagebis mofenaze CrdiloeTis qveynebSi, romelSic kavkasia da

qarTlic samefoc igulisxmeboda.

485 ‘litri” _ sawyaos erTeuli, daaxloebiT girvanqa (i. abulaZe);

sawyao (z. sarjvelaZe).

486 igulisxmeba armazis cixis zRudeebi, romelTa SigniTac iyo

aRmarTuli armazis, gacisa da ga/gaimis kerpebi.

487 ‘qaldevelTa RmerTi iTrujani” _ ‘iTrujani“//’iTruSani“

qarTul niadagze fonetikurad saxeSecvlili falauri ‘atruSan“//

atroSan“ = cecxli unda iyos (k. kekeliZe).

488 am adgilis komentirebisas gakvirvebas ver malavda k. kekeliZe,

Tuki armazi ahuramazdaa da iTrujanis religia cecxlmsaxurebis

religiaa, maSin ratom iyvnen dapirispirebuli ahuramazda-armazi

da iTrujani? sakiTxi naTeli xdeba zoroastruli religiis

istoriis fonze. ukanaskneli aqemenidebis mier kerpebis aRmarTvis

siaxlis damkvidrebam zoroastrel qurumTa wreSi dapirispirebuli

banakebi Seqmna. es dapirispireba grZeldeboda parTul iranSic,

magram sasanidTa periodSi man kulminacias miaRwia: sasanidebma maTi

mmarTvelobis dasawyisSive daiwyes RvTismsaxurebisas RvTaebaTa

gamosaxulebebis _ kerpebis akrZalva, taZrebidan gamoitanes

249

qandakebebi da sadac es SesaZlebeli iyo, maT adgilas cecxli

moaTavses. am axali dinastiis mmarTvelobis mTeli periodi iyo

e. w. ‘zoroastruli xatTmebrZoleobis“ periodi. aseve gauqmda

arsakidTa Semwynarebluri periodisTvis damaxasiaTebeli sxvadasxva

dinastiuri cecxlebi. sasanidTa imperiaSi amieridan mxolod erTi,

sasanidTa samefo cecxli gizgizebda. saxelmwifo religiis statusSi

dabrunebuli zoroastrizmis mogvebma sastiki brZola gamoucxades

da, garkveulwilad, aRmofxvres kidec kerpTa Tayvaniscema kultidan.

imavdroulad, mogvebi energiulad zrunavdnen imperiis mTel

teritoriasa da vasalur qveynebSi cecxlis taZrebis daarsebaze.

swored am kuTxiT unda gavigoT is mtrobac armaz-ahuramazdas da

‘iTrujans“ Soris _ es iyo sinkretul-elinisturi zevs-ahuramazdas

mimdevrebisa da ‘marTlmorwmune“ zoroastrelebis dapirispireba.

489 Trdatis ambavi ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” gviandeli redaqtoris

CanarTia.

490 ‘bivritis Tvali” _ igivea rac bivrili; es Tvali zRvisa da cis

feria (saba); beryllus (i. abulaZe); Zvirfasi qva (z. sarjvelaZe);

teqstis mixedviT, armazs samxreebze esxa zurmuxtisa da bivritis

Tvali.

491 ‘Zveli cixe” _ igulisxmeba armazis cixis Zveli nawili. xom ar aqvs

kavSiri ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si naxseneb Zvel mcxeTasTan: ‘xolo

ese Azoy Âarvida ar[i]an-kartlad, mamisa twsisa da Âarmoiçvana rvay

saxli da atni saxlni mama-mýuýetani, da daþda ýuel Mcxetas”.

492 ‘brinjis xe” _ akakis xe (saba); celtis australis an celtis caucasica, akakis xe (i. abulaZe); erTgvari mcenare (z. sarjvelaZe).

493 ‘bartam mefe” _ ‘mefeTa cxovrebaSi” am saxeliT ori mefe

moixsenieba: 1. VII mefe bartom artagis Ze, arSakuniani. mas ‘moqcevaÁ

qarTlisaÁ”-Si Seesabameba VIII mefe bratmani, ‘romelsa ze Mcxetas

kalaki daeÂço”; 2. ormefobis pirveli wyvili _ bartami da qarTami, romelTac ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si Seesabameba ormefobis pirveli

wyvili _ qarZam da bratman, romelTa drosac ‘huriani movides

Mcxetas da dasxdes”. am SemTxvevaSi unda igulisxmebodes pirveli

bartom/bratmani, ori mizezis gamo: 1. pirveli bartom/bratmanis dros

daiwyo mcxeTis Seneba, rac niSnavs, rom misi ZiriTadi rezidencia

armazSi iyo; 2. ormefobisdroindeli bartom/bratmani mefobda

mcxeTaSi, xolo misi mewyvile qarZam/qarTamo mefobda armazSi.

494 ‘sagrilebeli” _ dasasvenebeli adgili.

495 ‘loculobda iq eqvsi dRe” _ e. i., Tu armazis mTaze saswauli

moxda fericvalebis dRes, 6 agvistos (ix. Sen. 498), wm. ninos iq

dauyvia 12 agvistomde..

250

496 ‘rodesac es moxda” _ igulisxmeba kerpTa saswaulebrivi msxvreva

setyvis mier.

497 ‘meeqvse Jami” _ liturgikuli meeqvse Jami Seesabameba daaxloebiT

12 saaTs, SuadRes.

498 igulisxmeba fericvalebis uZravi dResaswauli, romelic aRiniSneba

6 agvistos. evmanueli, anu emanueli ewodeboda macxovars (maT.

1:23). mowafeTa moTaveebSi igulisxmebian petre, iakob da ioane

mociqulebi, romlebic macxovarma feriscvalebis dRes mTaze aiyvana

salocavad. winaswarmetyvelTa moTaveebSi igulisxmebian mose da

elia winaswarmetyvelebi, romlebic, rogorc mociqulebma dainaxes,

locvis dros macxovars gamoecxaddnen da esaubrebodnen. is rom

feriscvalebis saswauli Taboris mTaze moxda, ar weria arc erT

saxarebaSi, magram amaze laparakoben origene, kirile ierusalimeli

da ieronime. VI-VII saukunidan, Taboris mTa mTel qristianul

samyaroSi sayovelTaod iqna aRiarebuli feriscvalebis saswaulis

adgilad (feriscvalebis saswaulis aRwera ix. maT. 17:1-8; mark. 9:1-

13; luk. 9:28-36; II pet. 1:16-18).

499 ‘sefeqali” _ didebulT qali (saba); sasaxlis karis mosamsaxure qali

(i. abulaZe); samefo karis warCinebuli mandilosani (z. sarjvelaZe).

500 ‘mxolod Tavisi deda-Zmebis [ambavi] ar auwya, radgan tyve uwoda

Tavis Tavs” _ es fraza ‘mefeTa cxovrebis redaqtoris CanarTia, igi ar moipoveba ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si.

501 ‘sadac axla aris RmerTis mier aRmarTuli is sveti da sakaTalikoso

eklesia” _ es frazac gviandeli redaqtoris CanarTia. igulisxmeba

sveticxovlis eklesia da masSi saswaulebrivad aRmarTuli sveti.

502 Zvel aRmosavleTSi mogzaurisTvis fexze zeTis cxeba

stumarTmoyvareobis gamovlenis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani forma iyo.

503 Cems werilSi ‘ra enaze mogviTxrobda wminda nino” navaraudevi

maqvs, rom es qali, samefo baRis mcvelis coli anastos, unda iyos eb-

raeli abiaTaris asuli, sidonia. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si gvaqvs sa-

xeli anastos, redaqciuli variantebis gareSe. am ambis Semdeg ninos

cxovrebaSi aRarc anastos da aRarc misi qmari aRar ixseniebian. vin

aris es wyvili? Satberdul xelnawerSi am adgilas teqstis gadamweris

xe liT aSiaze miwerilia: ‘ese dedakaci iyo sidonia, mowafÀ wmidisa

ninoÁsi, romelman ese yoveli aRwera“ (unda igulisxmebodes ‘ninos

cxovrebis“ Semdegi ramdenime Tavi). is, rom es qali marTlac sidonia

unda yofiliyo, Cans imave pasaJSi, cota qvemoT, sadac wm. nino ambobs,

rom samefo baRSi cxovrebisas ZilSi gamocxadebul CvenebaTa Sesaxeb si-

do niasTvis mouyolia: ‘da uTxar ese dasa Cemsa, asulsa abiaTarissa“.

magram aq ismis kiTxva, Tuki anastos da sidonia erTi da igive pirovnebaa,

251

ra tom ixsenieba is am ori saxeliT? saqme isaa, rom sidonias veraviTar

Se mTxvevaSi ver ewodeboda anastos, ori mizezis gamo: 1. berZnuli o»-s da boloeba aSkarad miuTiTebs, rom es saxeli ar SeiZleba ekuTvnodes

mde drobiTi sqesis warmomadgenels. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ“-is samive xel-

nawerSi gvaqvs ‘anastos“, magram ‘qarTlis cxovrebis redaqtor-ga-

damwerebs es Seusabamoba SeuniSnavT da zogierT nusxaSi saxeli

Cau sworebiaT rogorc _ ‘anasto“, an ‘anastasia“, Tumca ‘moqcevaÁ“-se uli ‘anastos“ bevr maTganSic SenarCunebulia; 2. romc vifiqroT, rom

‘anastos“ gadamweris mier daSvebuli damaxinjebaa da Tavdapirvelad unda

gvqonoda mdedr. sqesis ‘anastasia“, misi Ziris qristianuli Teologiuri

mniSvneloba _ a7na@stasij = aRdgoma, ar iZleva imis saSualebas, rom am

saxe lis arseboba davuSvaT warmarTul an iudaur wreSi. am Ziridan na-

warmoeb rogorc kacis, aseve qalis saxelebs mxolod qristianTa Soris

vxvdebiT. saqme unda gvqondes berZnuli zepiri dednis (rogorc Cans,

wminda nino Tavis biografias berZnulad hyveboda) araswor gagebasTan.

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ“-Si vkiTxulobT: ‘Se-raÁ-ved Sina, jda ese de-

dakaci anastos. da viTarca mixila, aRdga da Semitkbo me“ (WeliS.:

‘Se-raÁ-ved Sina, jda ese dedakaci anastos, raJams mix[i]la, aRdga da

Semitkbo“; sin.: ‘Se-raÁ-ved Sina, jda ese dedakaci anastos da raJams mix[i]la me, aRdga da Semitkbo“). rom aRvadginoT is, Tu wm. nino amas rogor warmoTqvamda berZnulad, miviRebT, pirobiTad, amgvar frazas:

eijshvlqhn ejn tw/' oijkw/ oijkw/'. hJ gunh; kaqizomevnh ajnestw. hJ gunh; kaqizomevnh ajnestw'sasa (an: ajnasta ajnasta'sasa; an: ajnevsth) hJnivka eijajnevsth) hJnivka eij'den me kai; ejfivlesen mevden me kai; ejfivlesen mev = ‘Se-raÁ-ved Sina, mjdomi ese dedakaci aRdga, raJams mixila, da Semitkbo.“ ai, swo red es hJ hJ gunh; kaqizomevnh ajnestwgunh; kaqizomevnh ajnestw'sasa (e gÁune kaTiZomene anestosa) = ‘mjdomi ese dedakaci aRdga“ _ unda gaego wm. ninos monayolis Cam wers, rogorc

‘jda ese dedakaci anastos“, anu mimReobidan _ ajnestwajnestw'' (anestos) miiRo sakuTari saxeli ‘anastos“. magram, radgan aRwerili situacia

logikurad moiTxovda mjdomare qalis wamodgomas, berZnuli zmnis

saxelad qcevis Semdeg, saWiro gaxda qarTuli zmnis _ ‘aRdga“ xelmeored

xmarebac. ase xelovnurad miviReT sidonias saxelad iu develisTvis da

Tanac qalisTvis aradamaxasiaTebeli da uCveulo _ ‘anastos“.

504 ‘naTlisferi kaci“ _ angelozi.

505 ‘babilo“ _ maRali venaxi (saba); rto, nayofis momcemi rto, anu rqa;

maRlari vazi, xeze aSvebuli (i. abulaZe); ylorti, nayari; maRali

vazi (z. sarjvelaZe).

506 ‘saepiskoposo zemo eklesia“ _ igulisxmeba dRevandeli samTavros

dedaTa monasteri mcxeTaSi, romlis ezoSi dResac yvavis mayvlis

buCqi.

507 ‘nasxlevis jvari“ _ igulisxmeba vazis nasxlevis jvari. saqarTvelos

252

eklesiis udidesi siwminde. inaxeba Tbilisis sionis sakaTedro

taZarSi.

508 igulisxmeba mefis mebaRe da misi coli, sidonia, abiaTaris asuli.

509 wm. ninos mier abiaTaris da sidonias damowafebis ambavi aq uadgilod

aris CarTuli ‘qarTlis cxvorebis” redaqtoris mier.

510 ‘eqvsi huria qali” _ ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si Svid qalzea saubari:

‘da odes-me êwdni dedani dagwmoÂapna êþulsa missa“.

511 igulisxmeba, rom wm. nino sami weli farulad qadagebda da

kurnavda mcxeTaSi da mas Semdgom frazasTan aRweril movlenasTan

qronologiuri kavSiri ar aqvs.

512 ‘im xanebSi iyo” _ Zv. qarT. ‘mat úamta êina iço” yovelTvis ar niSnavs,

rom am sityvebis wina da Semdgom movlenebs Soris aucileblad unda

iyos qronologiuri kavSiri (Sdr. Sen. 404).

513 aq asaxulia mirian mefisa da narse sasanianis 296 wlis erToblivi

laSqroba somxeTsa da aRmosavleT anatoliaSi (ix. Sen. 402).

konstantine didis am ambebTan dakavSirebiT anaqronizmia..

514 ‘weliwadis wilxvedrili” _ iudevel mRvdlebs Soris wilis yris

tradicia bibliis mixedviT daviT winaswarmetyvelis droidan modis.

daviT mefis dros arsebobda pirveli mRvdlis, aaronis ori Zisgan

momdinare ori memkvidreobiTi samRvdelo xazi _ elyazarisa da iTamarisa.

elyazaris STamomavalTa saxli Teqvsmets iTvlida, xolo iTamarisa _ rvas. aqedan gamomdinare, sul 24 samRvdelo dasi arsebobda, romelTa

Sorisac mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi taZarSi TanmimdevrobiT msaxureba,

daviTis miTiTebiT, unda ganawilebuliyo wilisyris meSveobiT, raTa

TviToeul dass RvTismsaxurebis Sesrulebis Tanabari pirobebi da dro

miscemoda (I neSt. 24: 1-31). wilisyris es wesi ar exeboda mxolod

mRvdelmTavrebs da maT STamomavlebs. abiaTari ki ‘mRdeli wiliT

xuedrebuli” ver iqneboda ori umTavresi mizeziT: 1. iudeveli mRvdlis

funqcia ierusalimis taZarSi RvTismsaxureba iyo, romlis umTavres da

ZiriTad ritualsac msxverplSewirva Seadgenda. da radgan, rjulis

mixedviT, msxverplSewirva ierusalimis taZris garda sxvagan versad

Sesruldeboda, Sesabamisad, diasporaSi, mRvdelmsaxureba kargavda Tavis

umTavres azrsa da daniSnulebas; 2. abiaTaris moRvaweobis droisTvis

(IV s-is pirveli naxevari) taZari ukve dangreuli iyo (ax. w. 70 w.) da,

bunebrivia, msxverlSewirvac didi xnis Sewyvetili iyo. winadadebis

azri SeiZleba aixsnas mxolod ise, abiaTaris winaprebi, mcxeTaSi

mosvlamde, ierusalimis taZarSi ‘wiliT xuedrebuli” mRvdlebi iyvnen

da abiaTari maTi memkvidrea. es Cans ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si, romlis

WeliSur redaqciaSi astiron gvaspuragneli eubneba abiaTars: ‘mRdeli

iyav wiliT xuedrebuli mkÂdri” (Zv. qarT. mkÂdri = memkvidre). sinur

253

versiaSi vkiTxulobT: ‘mauwye, sayuarelo, Sen ara huriaTa mRdeli

iyava wiliT xuedrebuli mkÂdri, mamani Senni aqa mowevniTgan,

rameTu arian welni, vinaÁTgan mamani Tquenni aqa mcxeTad movides:

À fg”. ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” redaqtorma Tavisi pirvelwyaros

am bundovani winadadebis nawili amoagdo da, marTalia winadadeba

gramatikulad gaaswora da gaamartiva, magram masSi Tavdapirvelad

Cadebuli informaciis azri faqtobrivad daamaxinja.

515 ‘antioqia” _ Tanamedrove qalaqi antakia TurqeTSi, md. asis (oronti)

sanapiroze. 2003 wels hyavda 150 aTasi mcxovrebi. daarsebulia

selevkos nikatoris mier Zv. w. 300 wels, mamamisis, antioqos I-is

saxelze. didi xnis ganmavlobaSi iyo siriis dedaqalaqi. mdebareobda

md. orontze. Sedioda romis imperiis sam udides da politikurad

umniSvnelovanes qalaqTa ricxvSi romisa da aleqsandriis Semdeg.

moc. pavles da barnabas qadagevbis Semdeg, antioqielebs pirvelebs

ewodaT qristianebi (saqm. 26:28; I petr. 4:16). 260 wels daipyres

sparselebma; 526 wels daangria miwisZvram; 540 wels kvlav daipyres

sparselebma, Semdeg iustianiane I-ma; 638 wels daipyres arabebma,

1098 wels _ arabebma. 1268 w. egviptis mmarTvelebma daipyres da

daangries qalaqi; 1516 wlidan Turq-osmanTa xelSia. SuasaukuneebSi

iyo qristianobis erT-erT umniSvnelovanes centri. ewoda antakia.

516 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si vkiTxulobT: ‘mas úamsa Äem tana Âignebi

mosrul iço Hromit da Egwåïit da Babilovnit huriatay, mÌdeltay

da mÂignobartay“

517 ‘samad gaxliCa RmerTma israelis samefo” _ Zv. w. 63 wlidan iudea

iqca romis provinciad da iyofoda sam nawilad: iudea, samaria da

galilea petra (transiordania). Zv. w. 37 w. iudea kvlav iyofoda

iudead, samariad (Crd.) da idumead (samxr.).

518 ‘winaswarmetyvelebi dadumdnen...” _ Zveli aRTqmis bolo

winaswarmetyvelebi zaqaria da malaqia moRvaweobdnen daaxl. Zv. w.

400 wels.

519 ‘romaelebma daipyres Cveni qveyana “ _ romma iudea daipyro Zv. w. 63 wels.

520 ‘vinc Tavis Tavs qveyanaze RmerTis Zed acxadebda, mokvdeso” _ Sdr. II rj. 21: 23.

521 ‘nazareveli ieso” _ nazareTi (ivr. nacaret, arab. an-nasira) qalaqi israelSi, qristianTa erT-erTi wminda qalaqi, romelSic

gaatara macxovarma Tavisi bavSvobis wlebi, ris gamoc mas ewoda

nazareveli.

522 ‘Svidgzis viciT wignebidan” _ Sdr. fs. 78: 12. cifri 7 sruli

cifria da aRniSnavs sisrules zogadad. igulisxmeba, rom ebraelebs

254

srulad miezRveboda is, rasac isini imsaxurebdnen.

523 ‘mwiri qali” _ mwiri Zvel qarTulSi gulisxmobda xizans.

RvTismSobels xizani ewodeba imis gamo, rom man beTlemSi mimavalma

bagaSi Sexiznulma Sva ufali.

524 ‘samasi weli” _ igulisxmeba, rom es werili miuRia abiaTars

qristeSobidan samasi wlis Semdeg. amgvari qronologia, ra Tqma

unda, miaxloebiTia da mas sizusteze pretenzia ver eqneba.

525 aqedan Cans, rom IV s-is dasawyisSi, iudevelTa wreSi iyo garkveuli

mosazrebebi imis Sesaxeb, rom ieso nazareveli marTlac RvTisgan

(zecidan) iyo movlenili.

526 wm. nino abiaTars ganumartavda Zveli aRTqmis wignebs qristianis

poziciidan, pirvel rigSi im adgilebs, sadac nawinaswarmetyvelebi

iyo macxovris am qveynad xorcielad mosvla, jvarcma da aRdgoma.

527 igulisxmeba sidonia.

528 qristianebi Zvelad erad iwodebodnen.

529 gulisxmobs ziarebis saidumlos miRebas.

530 ‘herode” _ herode I didi (laT. Herodus). iudeis mefe Zv. w. 40 _ ax. w. 4 ww. herodianebis idumeuri dinastiis damaarsebeli, iudeis

romaelo prokuratoris, antipatrosis Ze. iudeis mefoba miiRo Zv.

w. 37 w. romis senatis gadawyvetilebiT. iyo hasmonianTa politikuri

partiis mowinaaRmdege. miiTvisa ierusalimis taZris mRvdelmTavarTa

daniSvnisa da moxsnis ufleba. aaSena ierusalimis axali taZari.

miuxedavad amisa, iudevelebi mas bolomde aRiqvamdnen rogorc

ucxoels da romis politikis gamtarebels da uari Tqves misTvis

erTgulebis ficis micemaze. herodem amowyvita hasmonianTa dinastia,

rogorc iudeis taxtis kanieri memkvidreebi da maTi mimdevrebi, maT

Soris Tavisi iudeveli coli. aqedan gamomdinare, gasagebi xdeba is

SiSi, romelic mas gauCnda maSin, rodesac aRmosavleli mogvebisgan

gaigo, rom beTlemSi unda dabadebuliyo iudeis WeSmariti mefe (maT.

2). swored am movlenebs ukavSirdeba herodes brZanebiT beTlemSi

CvilTa gawyveta da macxovris ojaxis gaqceva egvipteSi.

531 ‘bodi” _ igive bodisi, wm. ninos gardacvalebis adgili. Cans, rom

ax. w. I s-Si bodisSi (drevandeli ninowminda sagarejos raionSi)

iudevelTa organizebuli diaspora arsebula, Tavisi sinagogiT.

532 ‘mRvdlebi” _ unda igulisxmebodnen sinagogis rabinebi.

533 ‘kodiswyaro” _ unda iyos sof. kodiswyaro goris raionSi.

534 ‘mwignobrebi” _ Zveli aRTqmis wignebis gadamwerebi da

redaqtorebi.

535 ‘sobis-kananeli” _ sobisi SeiZleba gulisxmobdes sof. sobiss, goris

raionSi. gaurkvevelia ra igulisxmeba, am SemTxvevaSi, kananelSi.

255

536 ‘mTargmneli” _ originalSi ‘Targmani”, iudaur samyaroSi wminda

werilis ganmmartebeli.

537 Sdr. mogvTa Tayvaniscemis siuJeti saxarebaSi (maT. 2:1-12).

538 qristeSobidan ocdaaTi wlis Semdeg daiwyo macxovarma qadageba.

539 ‘ana mRvdeli” _ iudeveli mRvdelmTavari ax. w. 6-15 wlebSi.

macxovris jvarcmis dros mRvdelmTavari iyo kaiafa, romlis

simamric iyo ana ( igive anna, ebr. anan), romelic udidesi gavleniT

sargeblobda sinedrionis wevrebs Soris (ix. luk. 3:2; ioan. 18:13, 24

lopuxinis ganmartebebi).

540 igulisxmeba sami mogvi aRmosavleTidan, romlebmac Tayvani sces

axladSobil iesos.

541 ‘rom aRvasruloT moses mcneba” _ ix. Sen. 520.

542 ‘uxucesi” _ Zv. qarT. ‘ufro moxucebuli”.

543 ‘eli mRvdlis tomidan” _ ix. mef. I. Sdr. Sen. 258.

544 ‘longinoz karsneli” _ karsani, sof. dRevand. mcxeTis raionSi. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘aqeT warvides elioz mcxeTeli, longinoz

kaniseli da Talenav da misael”.

545 Sdr.. saxareba: ‘naTeli gamobrwyinebad warmarTTa da didebaÁ

erisa Senisa israelisaÁ” luk. 2:32.

546 ix. Sen. 435.

547 igulisxmeba ‘meaTe mefe aderki, bartomis Ze, arSakuniani”, romlis

drosac, ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” mixedviT, daibada ieso qriste (ix.

Sen. 253, 255).

548 armazael mefis aq moxsenieba gamowveulia ‘qarTlis cxovrebis”

redaqtoris mizniT, Tavisi teqsti Seajeros ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-

sTan, sadac vkiTxulobT: ‘maêin iço êpoti didi Mcxetas êina mepetay

da mtavartay da çovlisa erisay. da ixila mepeman Amazaer samoseli

igi Iesuysi da unda ÂarÌebay misi, xolo zarsa mas zeda dedaÖacisa

mÖudrisa qelt-gdebasa, êeêinda da ver iÖadra“.

549 ‘libaniT motanili ... naZvi” _ Cedrus Libani, maradmwvane wiwvovani ZviradRirebuli xis jiSi. gamoirCeva Tavisi siZlieriT, sididiT da

simtkiciT. imis gamo, rom am xes aqvs mware gemo, mRrRnelebi mas

ar afuWeben da xandaxan 2 aTas welsac ki Zleben. gamoiyeneboda

mdidruli da Zvirfasi mSeneblobebis dros.

550 ‘elias is ormagi mosasxami” _ Zv. qarT. ‘mrÄobli igi xaleni eliaysi”.

Zveli aRTqmis Tanaxmad, zecad amaRlebamde elia winaswarmetyvelma

hkiTxa Tavis mowafes, elise winaswarmetyvels: ‘mTxove, ra gagikeTo,

vidre avmaRldebode Sengan. miugo elisem: Seni sulis ormagi wili

gadmovides Cemze” (IV mef. 2:9) elia winaswarmetyvelis mosasxami,

misi zecad amaRlebis Semdeg darCa elises (IV mef. 2:13) imis niSnad,

256

rom misi survili Sesrulda da elias winaswarmetyveluri sulis

ormagi wili (anu 2/3) gadmovida masze. swored amitom ewodeba elias

mosasxams (xalens) qarTul wyaroebSi ‘mrCobli”, anu ormagi.

551 Sdr. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: Satb. versia _ ‘ars sxuay-ca ýalita

êemosili, mrÄobli igi-ca, xaleni Eliaysi amas kalaksa êina qelta

Äuenta, saÖurtxevelisa simïÖicesa kueêe, kvata êina ulåolvelad

vidre úamadmde misa“; SeliS. versia _ ‘da ars sxuay-ca ýalita êemos[i]li

mrÄobli, amas-ve kalaksa êina q[e]lta êina Äuenta, ars saÖurtxevelisa

simïÖicesa êina kvatasa xaleni igi elia[y]si uåovn[e]lad vidre

úamadmde missa“; sin. versia _ ‘ars sxuay-ca ýalita êemosili mrÄubli,

amas kalaksa êina qelta Äuenta, ars saÖurtxevelisa simïÖicesa êina

kuatasa xaleni uåovnelad-ve vidre úamadmde misa”.

552 ‘iakobis adgili, kibed nanaxi da zecas aRweuli” _ iakobi iyo isaakisa da rebekas tyup Zeebs Soris umcrosi. abraamisa da isaakis

Semdeg ebraeli eris mesame patriarqi. xaranSi mimavalma iakobma,

RamisTevis dros CvenebaSi ixila miwidan aRmarTuli kibe, romelic

cas swvdeboda da masze angelozebi adi-Camodiodnen. kibis TavSi ijda

ufali, romelmac iakobs gaumeora abraamisTvis micemuli aRTqma, rom

maT STamomavlobas daumkvidrebda aRTqmul miwas. gamoRviZebulma

iakobma is adgili ufals miuZRvna da uwoda mas saxelad beT-eli _ RvTis saxli (dab. 28:11-19).

553 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘xolo saxli Eliozisi iço kalaksa êina

dasavalitsa, iço Öarsa moguetisasa, MïÖuarsa zeda. da iço mcirÉ

bagini, samarxvoy mati, romelsa zeda aÌhmarta Âmidaman Nino

þuari Krisïesi. da erti ertsa natel-scemda mun êina qelita IaÖob

mÌdelisayta da ´rosila mtavardiaÖonisayta, mtavarta êvilebsa,

ÂiaÌta kalakisata. da erkua adgilsa mas mtavarta sanatloy“.

554 saubaria mirian mefis baRze, romlis mcvelebic, tradiciulad,

mcxeTeli ebraelebi unda yofiliyvnen (ix. Sen. 503).

555 igulisxmeba ieso qriste.

556 ‘wminda taZris warTmeva” _ 66-73 wlebSi, imperator titusis

dros, iudeaSi ifeTqa antiromaulma ajanyebam. iudevelebi xuTi Tvis

ganmavlobaSi gamagrebulni iyvnen taZarSi. am brZolebis dros, 70 wels

gaCenil xanZars Seewira taZari, xolo taZris gadarCenili WurWeli da

Zvirfaseuloba daitaces romaelebma. amis Semdeg taZari ar aRdgenila,

rasac mohyva mTel qveyanaze ebraelTa axali talRis gafantva.

557 Sdr. maT. 23: 37.

558 ix. Sen. 397, 398, 402, 513.

559 baRis mcvelis coli unda yofliyo sidonia, abiaTaris asuli, rogorc

‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisÁ”-s teqwstis analizidan Cans (ix. Sen. 503).

257

560 axali pavle ewoda abiaTars imis gamo, rom isic, rogorc pavle

mociquli, iudauri religiis mimdevrebi, SemdgomSi qristianobis

mtkice damcvelebad iqcnen.

561 igulisxmeba, rom abiaTari iyo Zveli aRTqmis bwyinvale mcodne da

Tamamad qadagebda qristes mcxeTel iudevelbSi.

562 qviT Caqolva iyo iudevelebSi sikvdiliT dasjis erT-erTi meTodi,

romelsac iyenebdnen damnaSavis mier RvTisgmobis (lev. 24:14), jadoqrobis

(lev. 20:27), mruSobis (II rj. 23:24) da kerpTTayvanismcemlobis (II rj.

17:7) SemTxvevebSi. abiaTaris danaSauli, iudevelTa TvalsazrisiT,

RvTisgmoba unda yofiliyo.

563 is, rom mirian mefem abiaTari sikvdils gaarida, radgan mefes qristes

rjulis Sesaxeb smenoda ‘saberZneTidan” da somxeTidan, ‘qarTlis

cxovrebis” redaqtoris fantaziis nayofia. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-

Si msgavsi ram arsad weria.

564 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si msgavsi saswauli aRwerili ar aris. igi

SeTxzulia ‘qarTlis cxovrebis redaqtoris mier, raTa Sesavali

gaukeTos nana dedoflis gankurnebas.

565 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Tanaxmad, nana dedofalma irwmuna qriste

wm. ninos qarTlSi mosvlidan me-6-e wels, anu 322 wels.

566 k. kekeliZe Tvlis, rom nebroTis wigni ar arsebobda da igi sxva

araferia, Tu ara siriulidan naTargmni ‘ganZTa qvabi”.

567 ‘Zveli wignebi da axali [wignebi]” _ igulisxmeba Zveli da axali

aRTqmis wignebi.

568 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Tanaxmad, nana dedofali moiqca wm. ninos

qarTlSi mosvlidan me-6-e wels, xolo mirian mefe _ me-7-e wels.

569 ‘romaelebis mcdari rjuli” _ igulisxmeba qristianoba.

570 ix, Sen. 487, 488.

571 naTlobis wesidan formula.

572 mirian mefis moqceva, TxoTis mTaze momxdari saswaulis Sedegad,

Cemi gaTvlebiT, moxda 323 wels, swored am wels iyo 20 ivlisi

SabTi dRe (n. nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis

saTaveebTan, 2006).

573 ‘TxoTis mTa” _ seri mtkvris marcxena sanapiroze, rexulasa da

qsnis xeobebs Soris, kaspis-r-ni.

574 ar SeiZleba aq davinaxoT mzis dabnelebis astronomiuli movlena,

rogorc amas miiCnevda k. kekeliZe da dResac zogierTi mecniers

miaCnia.

575 ‘qinZari da RarTa” _ adgilis saxelebi mcxeTis axlos. qinZaris

zusti adgilmdebareoba ucnobia, RarTiskari mdebareobs wiwamuris

zemoT, mcxeTis r-ni.

258

576 ar unda gavigoT pirdapiri gagebiT, aramed ise, rom _ am ambebidan male.

577 saubaria libanis xeze (Cedris Libanis). 578 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si arsadaa naTqvami, rom sveticxovlis

Tavdapirvel taZars Svidi sveti hqonda. es ‘qarTlis cxovrebis”

redaqtoris fantaziis nayofia.

579 aq da qvemoT moTxrobilia is xilvebi, romlebic eSmakma moavlina

axladmoqceuli eris dasabrkoleblad.

580 wminda ninos mxne locviTa da jvris niSnis gamosaxvoT gaqra es

eSmakeuli Cveneba.

581 e. i. wm. nino.

582 wm. ninos locvas da eSmakeuli Cvenebis gaqrobas Sedegad mohyva

angelozis gamocxadeba da svetis aRmarTvis saswauli.

583 ‘amazaspani” _ ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Satberdul da WeliSur

redaqciebSi es sityva ar gvxvdeba. samagierod, igi dadasturebulia

sinur redaqciaSi: ‘sepeÂuli vinme çrmay amazasåeani, çrmay idva

mravalÂlisa sneuli, Âarmarti”, rac imaze metyvelebs, rom ‘mefeTa

cxovrebis” avtori ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s erT-erT Zvel redaqcias

eyrdnoboda. rogorc Cems sxva SromaSi maqvs navaraudevi, istoriul

realobas Seesabameba ‘mefeTa cxovrebis” cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom

mirian mefe sasaniani mefis Svili iyo. kerZod, rom mirian mefe iyo

iranis Sahis, Sabur I-is Ze da misi namdvili saxeli unda yofiliyo

amazaspi, romelic moxseniebulia Sabur I-is naySi-rustamis cnobil

warweraSi, rogorc iberiis mefe. Cems mosazrebas amtkiceben qarTuli

wyaroebic, romelTa mixedviTac, mcxeTaSi, IV s-is 20-ian wlebSi

yofila vinme sefewuli amazaspeani. es niSnavs, rom igi iyo mefe

amazaspis, anu mirianis pirdapiri Camomavali, albaT misi SviliSvili,

radgan qarTlSi iqneboda mxolod erTi, mirianis sefe da radgan

sefewuli amazaspenia, maSin sefes mTavari, anu mefec amazaspi unda

yofiliyo.

584 gulisxmobs macxovris jvris nawils, romelic 325 Tu 326 wels

ierusalimSi aRmoaCina elene dedofalma.

585 e. i. wminda ninos sulieri zedamxedvelobiT.

586 Sdr. mark. 16:16.

587 ‘barabeanebi” _ cnobili avazakis, barabas STamomavalni. baraba,

iudevelTa winadadebiT, pilate pontoelis mier gaTavisuflebul

iqna sasjelisgan, macxovris sanacvlod (maT. 27:15-26; mark. 15:7-11).

barabas STamomavalTa mcxeTaSi mosvlis dro da garemoebebi ucnobia.

savaraudoa, rom barabeanni mcxeTaSi taZris dangrevis Semdeg (70 w.)

movidnen.

259

588 ‘cixedidi” _ igulisxmeba cixe mcxeTis dasavleTiT, armazTan

axlos.

589 ‘sicocxlis xis nawili” _ macxovris jvris nawili. zemoT

ukve naTqvami iyo, rom ioane episkoposma is pirvelive Camosvlaze

Camoitana (ix. Sen. 584). es faqtebis aRreva ‘qarTlis cxovrebis”

redaqtoriseulia.

590 ‘eruSeTi” _ mxare mtkvris zemo dinebis auzSi, dRev. TurqeTSi.

591 ‘wunda” _ nasoflari aspinZis r-nSi.

592 ‘manglisi” _ daba TeTriwyaros raionSi. 593 dRevandeli samTavros dedaTa monastris adgilas. ukanasknel

xanebSi Catarebulma arqeologiurma gamokvlevebma daadastures iq

IV saukunis dasawyisis bazilikis arseboba.

594 ‘naTeliRo wylisa da miwisgan” _ miwiT naTlisRebaSi igulisxmeba

uflis daflva da sami dRis Semdeg misi aRdgoma (ix. n. nikoloziSvili,

‘naTel-iRo wylisa da miwisagan”, literatura da xelovneba, Tb.,

1991, #3).

595 ‘smeniT viciT im alvis xis ambavi” _ igulisxmeba samoTxis xe.

596 sajvare xis mokveTa moxda 326 wels, rodesac 25 marti iyo

paraskevi dRe.

597 anu pirvel maisamde.

598 ram gamoiwvia sajvare xis moWra 25 marts da ratom damzadda misgan

jvrebi 1 maiss? ratom inaxeboda xe eklesiis samxreT karTan 37 dRis

ganmavlobaSi? ra rituali iyo es zogadad? gamoTqmulia mosazrebebi,

rom mcxeTaSi sajvare xis moWris rituali ukavSirdeba warmarTuli

qarTlis rwmena-warmodgenebs: n. xazaraZem da T. cagareiSvilma

ivaraudes, rom es rituali unda ukavSirdebodes xeTuri miTologiis

momakvdav da aRorZinebad RvTaebas _ Telefinus; Cemi azriT, sworia

r. siraZis mier gamoTqmuli mosazreba, romelic am faqts frigiul

kibela-atisis kultTan akavSirebs. zemoT ukve visaubreT imis Sesaxeb,

rom gacisa da gas kulti unda yofiliyo kibela-atisis msgavsi kulti.

III s-is qristiani apologetebis, arnobiusisa da firmikus maternusis

cnobebiT, am kultis mimdevrebi yovelwliurad, 22 marts Wridnen

wiwvovan (fiWvis) xes, misi tanis SuaSi miamagrebdnen ymawvili atisis

gamosaxulebas da Seitandnen ‘wmidaTa-wmidaSi”, erTgvar akldamaSi,

romelic kibela-atisis taZrebis nawili iyo. am ritualiT xdeboda

atisis ritualuri dasaflaveba. gansazRvrul Rames, qandakeba saxiT

zemoT ideboda sarecelze, romelsac glovobdnen Sesabralisi

galobiT. garkveuli xnis Semdeg, gamoqvabulSi SehqondaT sinaTle da

qurumi warmoTqvamda sityvebs: ‘gamxnevdiT suliT, mistebo _ RmerTi xsnilia!”, ris Semdegac ‘mkvdreTiT aRmdgar” kerps amoasvenebdnen

260

saflavidan da gamoitandnen gareT. firmikus maternusis cnobiT,

momakvdav da aRdgomad RvTaebas dastirodnen 40 dRis ganmavlobaSi.

Sesabamisad, 22 martidan me-40-e dRe modis 1 maissze. rac Seexeba

imas, Tu ratom moWres qristianebma xe 25 marts da ara 22 marts, es

SeiZleba ori mizeziT avxsnaT: erTi mxriv es SeiZleboda yofiliyo

qristianTa dagvianebuli reaqcia mcxeTel warmarTTa ritualze,

xolo meore mxriv, SesaZloa, es yofiliyo qristes jvarcmis TariRze

simbolurad misadagebuli qmedeba (Zveli tradiciiT, macxovris

jvarcma moxda 25 marts). am SemTxvevaSic es iqneboda ara raime

uZvelesi qristianuli tradiciuli ritualis Sesruleba, aramed

mxolod da mxolod simboluri aqti, mcxeTaSi arsebuli konkretuli

viTarebidan gamowveuli spontanuri, magram simbolurad gaazrebuli,

erTjeradi qmedeba (n. nikoloziSvili, qarTli elinizmisa da

qristianobis saTaveebTan, 2006). sruliad gansxvavebuli ganmarteba

aqvs e. WeliZes, romelic miuTiTebs: ‘nonsensia 25 marts sajvre

xis moWris dakavSireba raime saxis warmarTul ritualTan Tu

kultmsaxurebasTan. erTaderTi axsna zemore movlenas mxolod is

SeiZleba hqondes, rom sajvre xe iWreba xareba dRes, rac aris swored

25 marti, xolo radgan xarebis dResaswauli dasabamia axali aRTqmis

Jamisa, Zlevamosili jvris epoqisa, im jvris epoqisa, romliTac saTave

daedo kacobriobis gamoxsnas codvisa da warwymedilobis bneleTisgan

(am mizeziT Zvelad saeklesio liturgikuli weliwadi sakuTriv

xarebidan, 25 martidan iwyeboda), sajvre xec iWreba 25 marts, riTac

exareba da winaeuwyeba sruliad qarTls axali epoqis dadgoma, axali

Jamis mowevna, sulieri ganaxlebisken Semoqceva qveynisa da erisa”(e.

WeliZe, mcxeTa \ sulieri ierusalimi, gamouqveyneli gamokvleva).

599 Svid maiss mcxeTaSi jvrebis aRmarTvis istoriul faqts kavSiri

ar unda hqondes ierusalimSi jvris gamoCenis dResaswaulTan da

es ubralo damTxvevad unda miviCnioT. gansxvavebuli azri aqvs e.

WeliZes, romelic miiCnevs: ‘mcxeTis jvari arsobrivad ierusalimis

jvaria, rac Tavis mxriv mcxeTis meore ierusalimad gardaqmnis

dasaZirkvlebas moaswavebs” (e. WeliZe, mcxeTa \ sulieri ierusalimi,

gamouqveyneli gamokvleva).

600 326 wels maisis pirveli paraskevi da SabaTi modioda 6-7 maisze.

601 ‘qvabTaTavi” _ unda ukavSirdebodes qvabTaxevis monasters, kavTuras xeobaSi, kaspis r-ni.

602 wm. ninos gadawyvetileba, rom meore jvari aRmarTuliyo ara bodSi,

aramed ujarmaSi, gamowveuli iyo erTi mxriv praqtikuli miznebidan

gamomdinare (samefo, xalxmravali qalaqi) da meore mxriv, saRvTo

gangebulebiT, romlis mixedviTac wminda ninos unda moeqcia bodi da

261

iqve unda gardacvliliyo, ris Semdegac manamde es umniSvnelo daba

gaxdeboda qristianebis erT-erTi siwminde.

603 rogorc Cans, episkoposma Seasrula jvris aRsamarTi adgilis

specialuri kurTxevis wesi.

604 ‘aRvsebis zatiki” _ sityva _ ‘aRvseba” Zvel qarTulSi aRniSnavda

rogorc uSualod aRdgomis dResaswauls, aseve _ drois Sualeds

aRdgomidan sulTmofenobamde. am SemTxvevaSi ‘aRvsebis zatiki”

niSnavs aRdgomis dResaswaulis cikls sulTmofenobamde da saubaria

am SualedSi erT-erT kvira dReze.

605 326 wels aRdgoma modioda 10 aprils, Sesabamisad, martviliis, anu

sulTmofenobis wina oTxSabaTi uwevda 25 maiss.

606 mecnierebis varaudiT, saubari unda iyos mcxeTis jvris monastris

mcire eklesiaze.

607 ix. Sen. 414-422.

608 ‘wobeni” _ istoriul-geografiuli punqti axl. duSeTis r-nSi,

md. aragvis marcxena napirze, daba Jinvalsa da sof. CinTs Soris.

adrindel Sua saukuneebSi wobeni erqva aseve aragvis marcxena napirze

saguramo-xerkis CrdiloeTiT Jinvalamde mosaxle Tems.

609 ‘WarTali” _ WarTalis xevi aris aragvis marjvena Senakadi, duSeTis

r-ni.

610 ‘fxoelebi” _ fxovi fSav-xevsureTis Zveli saxelwodebaa.

611 ‘wilkani” _ dR. mcxeTis r-ni.

612 ‘gudamayari” _ mTiuleTis nawili, Savi aragvis auzi fasanaurs

zemoT, duSeTis r-ni.

613 Sdr. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”: ‘da vitarca ese tkua, Âariçvana

IaÖob mÌdeli, Saberýnetit mosruli, da eris-tavi erti, Âarvida

da dadga ¦obens. da mouÂoda mteulta, Åartalelta da pxoelta,

da ÂilÖanelta da ukadaga sarÂmunovebay KrisïÉsi. xolo mat

ganuçares tavi da eris-tavman mcired Âarhmarta maxwli da êiêit

moscnes Öeråni matni daleÂad. da gardavida ErÂud da dadga

¼alets, dabasa Edems, da natel-sca erÂu-tianelta. da çuarelta

esma ese da gardaÖrbes Toêeta, romelni uÖuanaysÖnel iåovnes,

Trdaï mepeman moiçvanna da monatlna”.

614 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s mixedviT, wm. ninom moiara kuxeTi (kxoeTi)

da gadavida kaxeTSic, sadac dasneulebula da wamosula ukan,

mcxeTisken da moaRwia bodamde (dRev. sof. ninowminda, sagarejos

r-ni): ‘da Nino êtavida ±xoeta da dadga ±aÂarets da monatlna

Öxoelni da soþni eriturt matit. da gardavida ±axeta da dadga

kcel-dabas. da moiçvanna Öaxni mtavarni da monatlna. da dasneulda

da Âarmoemarta Mcxetad. da vitarca moiÂia ±xoetas, dabasa,

262

romelsa hrkwan Bodini, verÌara eýlo slvad”.

615 rodesac mecnierebi saubrobdnen qarTlSi qristianobis gavrcelebis

Taobaze, es fraza iyo ZiriTadi, romelsac iyenebdnen saqarTveloSi

andria mociqulis qadagebis Sesaxeb cnobebis sawinaaRmdegod. saqme

isaa, rom, am cnobebis Tanaxmad, andria mociqulma iqadaga megrelebSi,

samcxe-aWaraSi da egris-svaneTSi, xolo mcxeTaSi da mis aRmosavleTiT

(ZiriTadi qarTli da kaxeT-kuxeTi) mas ar uqadagia. swored amazea

qarTul wyaroebSi saubari.

616 saubaria pirvel qal wmindanebze.

617 ‘Cemi dedis ZiliT” _ Cemi azriT, laparakia RvTismSoblis

miZinebaze.

618 igulisxmeba wminda nino.

619 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Satberduli versiis mixedviT: ‘da êehvedra

suli twsi qelta Ìmrtisata Kartlad moslvitgan meatxutmeïesa

Âelsa da Krisïes aÌmaÌlebitgan ïlÉ” (338) Âelsa, dasabamitgan ÅçlÉ” (5838) Âelsa”. WeliSuri versiis mixedviT: ‘da êehvedra suli twsi qelta

uplis[a]ta da miiýina ýili igi sanaïreli (da a meox ars Äuentws

Âinaêe Ìmrtisa) Kartls moslvitgan misit oc da me[a]txutmeï[e]sa

Âelsa da Krisïes amaÌlebitg[a]n sam[a]s oc da aturameïsa Âelsa,

dasabamitgan xuti atas rvaas ocda meaturameï<e>sa Âelsa”. aq bevri

qronologiuri aRrevaa, magram ufro sarwmuno unda iyos Satberduli

versiis qarTlSi mosvlidan me-15-e weli da ‘qarTlis cxovrebis”

qarTlSi mosvlidan me-14-e weli. amis mixedviT, wm. nino gardacvlila

daaxl. 330/331 wels, radgan, rogorc zemoT vivaraudeT, igi qarTlSi

Semovida 317 wlis ivnisSi (ix. Sen. 463).

620 baqaris mcxeTaSi dabruneba, savaraudod, unda momxdariyo 332-333

wlebSi, sanam dasruldeboda zemo eklesiis mSenebloba.

621 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Satberduli versiis mixedviT zemo eklesiis

mSenebloba dasrulda wm. ninos gardacvalebidan me-4-e wels: ‘da

Âarvida Mirean mepÉ da çoveli eri, rametu ikmodes zemosa eÖlesiasa

kvita. da ganiêores meotxesa Âelsa”. ar unda iyos swori WeliSuri

redaqciis cnoba, romlis mixedviTac mSenebloba dasrulebula

wm. ninos gardacvalebidan me-20-e wels: ‘da Âarvida mepe Mirian

da çoveli eri, rametu ikmodes eÖlesiasa zemosa. da ganasrules

meocesa Âelsa. da meocdaertesa Âelsa moÖ[u]da Mirian mepe”.

622 ‘satfureba” _ ganaxlebasa saqmisasa ityvis wliTi wlad (saba);

enkenioba (i. abulaZe); ganaxlebis dResaswauli (z. sarjvelaZe).

623 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Satberduli versiis Tanaxmad, ‘ocdamesamesa

Âelsa aÌmartebitgan åaïiosnisa þuarisa êeukmna Öubay Rev da

êeikmna saplavi kuemosa eÖlesiasa. da moÖud[a] Rev da daemarxa

263

coliturt”, anu 349 wels. WeliSuri versiis Tanaxmad ki: ‘mesamesa

Âelsa aÌmartebitgan åaïiosnisa þuarisa êekmna Öuboy Rev, moÖ[u]

da da daem[a]rxa coliturt kuemosa eÖlesiasa”. ufro sando unda

iyos Satberduli versia.

624 amis mixedviT, miriani unda gardacvliliyo 349 wels, iseve,

rogorc revi, rac yovelgvar qronologias ewinaaRmdegeba. ufro

sandoa ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Satberduli redaqciis cnoba. garda

amisa, ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s samive redaqciis Tanaxmad, sikvdilis

win mirianma anderZi dautova dedofal nanas da revs. ‘qarTlis

cxovrebis” redaqtoris ‘Sesworebuli” versiiT ki _ dedofal nanas

da baqars.

625 sasufevelSi uflis marjvniv marTalni imkvidreben adgils.

626 aqedan moyolebuli ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” mefeTa qronologia da

Camomavloba mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s

cnobebisgan.

627 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Satberduli da WeliSuri versiebis

Tanaxmad (sinuri am adgilas naklulia) mirianis Semdeg mefobda revis

Ze baqari: ‘da daþda meped BaÖur, ýÉ Revisi”. sakiTxi damatebiT

kvlevas moiTxovs.

628 rogorc Cans, baqarma, sparselebis mxardaWeris sanacvlod, teritoria

xunanidan bardavamde, anu rani dauTmo sparselTa mier dasmul sxva

mmarTvels. garda amisa, ferozisTvis samSvildidan abocis Tavamde

teritoriebis micemiT, gaimyara sakuTari poziciebi qarTlSi da somxebis

mosalodneli Tavdasxmisgan gaamtkica samefos samxreT sazRvrebi.

629 es garigeba sruliad realuri istoriuli garigeba unda yofiliyo

da araviTari safuZveli ar gvaqvs mis istoriulobaSi eWvi SevitanoT,

Tumca Semdgom dakvirvebas moiTxovs misi qronologia.

630 ‘wilknis eklesia” _ baqaris aSenebuli eklesiis adgilze vaxtang

gorgaslis dros (V s.) aaSenes sameklesiani bazilika, romelic VII s-Si

gadaakeTes gumbaTovan taZrad.. iyo wilknis saepiskoposos centri.

631 baqari unda gardacvliliyo mcxeTis jvris aRmarTebidan 35-e

wels, anu 360/361 wels. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si vkiTxulobT:

‘da êemdgomad misa, meatesa Âelsa, aman BaÖur daiÂço ¦ilÖnisa

eÖlesiasa da ganeêora ocdameatxutmeïesa Âelsa. da moÖuda da

daepla kuemosa eÖlesiasa”.

632 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s Satberduli da WeliSuri versiebis Tanaxmad

(sinuri am adgilas naklulia), bakuris Semdeg gamefda misi Zma

Trdati. sakiTxi Semdgom kvlevas moiTxovs. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-

Si am mefes miewereba rusTavis rus gamoReba da nekresis eklesiis

mSenebloba. Cemi azriT, es unda iyos amianus marcelinusTan 361

264

wlis ambebTan moxseniebuli qarTlis mefe ‘meribani”.

633 ‘Tuxarisis cixe” _ cixe Woroxis marjvena napirze olTisiswylis

SesarTavs qvemoT, dR. TurqeTSi.

634 ‘nerse kaTalikosi” _ somxeTis kaTalikosi nerse (daaxl. 353-373).

esec adasturebs Cems mosazrebas, rom es mirdati unda iyos amianus

marcelinusTan 361 wlis ambebTan dakavSirebiT moxseniebuli

meribani (ix. Sen. 633).

635 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si varaz=baqaris uSualo winapris vinaoba

dasaxelebuli ar aris. es varaz-baqari unda iyos amianus marcelinusTan

361 wlis ambebTan dakavSirebuli asfaguri.

636 ‘gadajda igi kaxeTis xevSi da aaSena cixe xidarSi” _ gaurkvevelia

zustad romeli adgili igulisxmeba kaxeTSi.

637 amianus marcelinusis mixedviT, am periodis istoria ase aRdgeba: VI

s-is 60-iani wlebis bolosa da 70-iani wlebis dasawyisSi qarTlSic

da somxeTSic msgavsi politikuri movlenebi viTardeba. sparseTis

mefem, Sabur II-m 368 wels daarRvia romTan 363 wels dadebuli

sazavo xelSekruleba, somxeTSi SeiWra da mefe arSaki daatyveva. amis

Semdeg, Saburi SeiWra qarTlSi, gaaZeva iqidan savromaki, romelic

romis daxmarebiT ganagebda qveyanas da mefed dasva vinme asfaguri,

romelic, samarTlianadaa gaigivebuli ‘qarTlis cxovrebis” varaz-

baqarTan da ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s varaz-bakurTan. somxeTis

mefis, arSakis Ze papi da qarTlidan gaZevebuli savromaki xvdebian

imperator valentis karze, saidanac miiReben samxedro daxmarebas,

raTa daibrunon TavianT qveynebSi mefoba da aRadginon somxeTsa da

qarTlze romis suzereniteti. papi daibrunebs somxeTis samefo taxts,

rac gaxdeba somxebsa da sparselebs Soris ramdenime seriozuli

brZolis mizezi. rac Seexeba savromaks, rodesac igi romaelTa 12

legioniT miadga mdinare mtkvars, asfaguri Seevedra mas, rogorc

naTesavebma erTad vimefoTo. romaelebi daTanxmdnen asfaguris

winadadebas da qveyana orad gayves: sazRvrad mdinare mtkvari dades

ise, rom savromaks armeniisa da lazebis mosazRvre mxare ergo, xolo

asfagurs _ albaniisa da sparselebis momijnave

638 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s mixedviT, varaz-bakuris Semdeg mefobda

bakuri, Trdatis, revis meore Zis Ze.

639 Sdr. ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”, sadac es qmedeba mirianis Semdeg mesame

mefes ekuTvnis: ‘da daþda meped BaÖur, ýÉ Revisi... aman BaÖur

daiÂço ¦ilÖnisa eÖlesiasa da ganeêora ocdameatxutmeïesa Âelsa.

da moÖuda da daepla kuemosa eÖlesiasa. da daþda meped ýmay

misi Trdaï. da mtavarebisÖoåosi iço Nerse somexta ÖataliÖozisa

diaÖoni Iob. da mepeman Ruystvisa ruy gamoiÌo da eÖlesiisa

265

sapuýveli dadva. da mis ze-ve NeÖress ±axetisasa eÖlesiay aÌiêena

gansrulebit”.

640 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-s mixedviT farsmani iyo ‘diswuli

Trdatisi”, anu mirian mefis asulis Ze.

641 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si mirdatis uSualo winapris vinaoba

dasaxelebuli ar aris.

642 ‘moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ”-Si am erisTavs ewodeba ‘åiïiaxê Varaê”.

aq drois aTvla xdeba murvan yrus Semosevidan e.i. 735 + 50 = 643

785 weli – WiWnaumis mosvlis TariRi. xolo qarTlis cxovrebis

somxuri Targmanis Tanaxmad, WiWnaumi movida 748 wels, radgan masSi

ormocdaaTis nacvlad Tormeti weli weria (ix. qarTlis cxovrebis Zv.

somxuri Targmani, i. abulaZis gamoc., Tb. 1953 w., gv. 204). samecniero

sazogadoebaSi arCilis wamebis TariRis Sesaxeb gansxvavebuli

mosazrebebia gamoTqmli. dasaxelebulia 787 w., 761 w. da sxv.

vin aris WiWnaum asimi? qarTvel mecnierTa didi nawilis azriT 644

igi aris (an SesaZloa iyos) arabTa sardali xuzaima ibn xazimi

(m. lorTqifaniZis varaudiT qarTlis cxovrebaSi moxseniebuli asimi

SesaZloa iyos xazimis damaxinjebuli forma); k. kekeliZe: `arabTa

mxedarTmTavari WiWnaumi, romelsac asimi ewodeba, aris hazim xuzaima,

romelc al-raSidma daniSna merve-mecxre saukuneTa mijnaze~ (k.

kekeliZe, Zv. qarT. lit. ist., t. I, Tb. 1960 w., gv. 243); WiWnaumi

= Chusaima b. Chazim (ix. qarTlis cxovrebis simfonia-leqsikoni, t.

I); d. musxeliSvilis azriT ki WiWnaumi aris asim ibn-abdulahi,

romelic murvan yrum datova aq.

`mohamedis Ze~ aq aRniSnavs WiWnaumis warmomavlobas, rom igi iyo 645

arabi, ese igi muhamedis eris Svili. an asec SeiZleba gavigoT, rogorc

muhamedis sulieri Svili.

mefeebi aq pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT ar unda gavigoT. am dros 646

qarTls erismTavrebi ganagebdnen.

aq Zvel qarTulSi sityva `patiJi~ weria, rac am SemTxvevaSi 647

qristianobisaTvis dasjas, anu qristianobisagan gandgomis iZulebas

gulisxmobs.

Zvel qarTulSia `sikeTe~. 648

Zvel qarTulSi aris `awvevda~.649

sarkinozad gadaqceva gulisxmobs sarwmunoebiT gaarabebas e.i. 650

gamuslimebas.

vin arian wanarebi? rogorc Cans es eTnikuri kuTvnilebis aRmniSvneli 651

saxelia. arCilis martvilobis rusul TargmanSi weria `цанари~. aq saubaria qarTlis erismTavar adarnaseze. adarnase vipatosi 652

iyo da ara mefe, amitom `mefe~ am SemTxvevaSic pirdapiri gagebiT

266

ar unda miviRoT. adarnase erismTavris bareliefuri gamosaxuleba

Semogvinaxa mcxeTis jvris taZarma.

saubaria qarTlis erismTavar stefanoz meoreze. swored im 653

stefanozze, romelmac arabTa sardal habib ibn-maslamas dazaveba

SesTavaza da miRo kidec dacvis sigeli.

didi vaxtangi, anu wmida mefe vaxtang gorgasali. aq saubaria 654

imis Sesaxeb, rom arCilis winapari iyo vaxtang gorgasali. wmida

mowame arCili da misi Zma analogiurad moixseniebian wmida daviT da

kostantines martvilobaSic.

mirian qasres Ze, anu mociqulaswori wmida mefe miriani, romelic 655

moaqcia wmida ninom. qarTlis cxovrebis Tanaxmad igi iyo sparseTis

Sahis Ze.

saubaria bizantiis imperator herakleze (610-641 ww.). rogorc 656

cnobilia, man ilaSqra saqarTveloSi 627 wels. swored am dros

momxdar ambavs auwyebs gardabneli mTavari WiWnaums – herakle

keisars Tavisi saganZuri saqarTveloSi dauflavs.

xosroiani e.i. sparseTis Sahebis monaTesave da STamomavali. 657

berZeni aq bizantiels aRniSnavs anu saubaria bizantiis imperatorebis 658

saganZurze. aSkarad gazviadebuli unda iyos. Zneli dasajerebelia,

rom herakle keisars mTeli Tavisi saganZuri Tan etarebina. rogorc

Cans `saganZurSi~ igulisxmeba samxedro eqspediciis CatarebisaTvis

gankuTvnili saganZuri da aseve brZolebSi mopovebuli nadavli,

romlis Tan tarebac garkveuli mosazrebebis gamo mizanSewonili ar

yofila da herakle keisars qarTlSi gadaumalavs.

isev saubaria saqarTveloSi murvan yrus Semosevaze.659

gansxvavebul cnobas gvawvdis arCilis wamebis Sesaxeb somexi 660

meistorie levondi. igi gvauwyebs, rom wmida arCili Suaze gaglijes.

arabi istorikosi iakunTi gvauwyebs, rom im xanebSi arabTa sardalma

xuzaima ibn xazimma mravali qarTveli dasaja sikvdiliT.

rusul TargmanSi asea: `661 Годерзиани из Тбети ~. 662 Zvel qarTulSia ̀ aznaurni mameanni~. ̀ mameanni~ somxurSic da rusul

TargmanSic gadasulia sakuTari saxelis saxiT.

Semurva nelsacxeblis cxebas niSnavs. Sdr. sulxan-sabas leqsikoni: 663

micvalebuls Tu am nelsacxebels scxebdnen erT wlamde ar

gaixrwneboda.

aq saubaria wmida mefe revze.664

267

Sinaarsi

leonti mroveli

mefeTa cxovreba. daviwyeb qarTvelTa mefeebisa da

adrindeli winaprebisa da Camomavlebis

cxovrebis Txrobas ................................................................................... 3

leonti mroveli

mirian mefis moqceva da masTan erTad mTeli

qarTlisa wminda da netari Cveni

dedis nino mociqulis mier ................................................................. 62

juanSeri

vaxtang gorgaslis cxovreba .............................................................. 109

leonti mroveli

wameba wmida da didebuli mowame

arCil qarTlis mefisa........................................................................... 191

SeniSvnebi .................................................................................................. 195

amave seriis `mamuli, ena sarwmunoeba”

2 tomSi gamosacemad mzaddeba

qarTlis cxovrebis wigni

`matiane qarTlisa”

da

`cxovreba wmida mefe daviT aRmaSenebelisa”