rf mems-the solution to power hungry smart phones
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We're very proud to present this PPT...we explained each and everything about RF mems like who developed,why MEMS etc...,HOPE U ALL LIKE ITTRANSCRIPT
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RF MEMS The solution to power hungry smart phones
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What are MEMS?Micro(small)
Electro(electric components/functionality)
Mechanical(mechanical components/functionality)
Systems(integrated, system-like functionality)
http://eed.gsfc.nasa.gov/562/SA_MEMs.htm
http://www.memx.com/
http://www.memx.com/
http://www.forbes.com/2008/04/22/mems-apple-nintendo_leadership_clayton_in_jw_0421claytonchristensen_inl_slide.html
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Where do you find MEMs?Printers
*High DPI inkjets
Projectors*Micro-Mirrors from Texas Instruments
Cell Phones*Knowles Microphones used in most new cell
phones
Automobiles
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LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING :
Photovoltaic cells and wind power harvesting have several technical barriers.
In solar cells, the inherent physical limits, the black body energy conversion loss, optical loss, and internal resistance prevent their efficiency from reaching >20%
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Why MEMS…?Small
*Typically .1-100um feature size
Human Hair thickness ~ 50um
http://www.vendian.org/envelope/dir2/scaling_construct.html http://singularityhub.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/red-blood-cells.bmp
Red Blood Cells ~ 10um
Low cost, High yield*Use existing IC fabrication technology
*Made primarily on Silicon Wafers
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Why MEMS…?Favorable scaling for a lot of applications
*Flow-rate sensors*Electrostatics*Magnetism*Many others
Not all applications*Solar Power*Turbulent Boundary Energy Harvesting
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Where it Began…? 1979 - First recorded use of MEMs in automobiles
Federal emission standards required monitoring the air-to-fuel ratio of the engine
Density of air value was needed
Many different sensor technologies were introduced to solve this problem
MAP (manifold absolute pressure) and MAT (manifold air temperature) sensors were developed using MEMS
Silicon based MEMS sensors became the device of choice due to low cost and high yield
MAP Sensor
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Who Developed It…?Two groups
*Delco Electronics Group(General Motors)*Used piezo resistive sensing
Ford*Used capacitive sensing
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Typical Applications
* Accelerometers* Microphones* RF-MEMS Switches* Bridge to Nanotechnology* Mobile Communications
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RF-MEMS SwitchesTypes :-
* Capacitive shunt switch: 1.OFF state with capacitive coupling
2.Isolation dependent on capacitive ratio between ON and OFF state
3.Longer contact lifetime
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* Direct Contact Series Switch:
1.ON state with metal-to-metal ohmic contact2. Insertion loss dependent on the contact resistance3. Broad frequency coverage
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Mobile CommunicationsFully Integrated Tunable RF * If you put your finger on an RF MEMS antenna it can
automatically re-tune itself so that no calls are dropped. *Furthermore, RF MEMS can react to atmospheric
conditions and re-tune your phone’s radio to improve 3G and LTE data throughout.
* Most importantly, though, RF MEMS paves the way towards devices with just a single antenna and transceiver.
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Number of radios in smart phones:
*GSM
*3G
*CDMA, W-CDMA
*Bluetooth, Wi-Fi
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* New approach to ohmic switching.
* It can be integrated with capacitors using wafer-level thin-film packaging.
* Multiband (800-to-2200-MHz), low-loss (0.3-dB) chips measure just 3.5 x 4.2 x 1.1 mm.
SPECIFICATIONS
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STATISTICS….
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Advantages : *cost about 2 to 2.5 cents/switch throw—in SPST
and SPDT configurations*High precision, High reliability, Linearity*Simplicity of principle*Compatible with conventional IC’s*Low weight*60% reduction in board space.Limitations: *Slower switching speed *Potential lifetime limitations *Packaging
Advantages & Limitations :
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CONCLUSION MEMS technology provides powerful tools to the RF technology. Replace conventional solid state circuit devices on size.
Overall MEMS field is not much more than 10 years old, and the RF MEMS field has really been shaped within the past 5-6 years.
The future should be bright and unlimited
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By Sai Chand Surya
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