sanchayan bhag-2

7/27/2019 Sanchayan Bhag-2

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lap;u

Hkkx2d{kk10 osQ fy, gnh dh iwjd ikB~;iqLrd

(f}rh; Hkk"kk)


3/62

ii

z

I+kQ

izFke laLdj.kekpZ2007 pS=k 1929

iqueqZ.kuoacj 2007 dkfrZd 1929

tuojh 2009 ikS"k 1930

PD 2 3 0T ML

jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.kifj"kn~] 2007

#-2 0 . 0 0

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- okVjekoZQ 80 th-,l-,e- isij ij eqfnzrA

izdk'ku foHkkx esalfpo] jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqlakku vkSjizf'k{k.k ifj"kn~] Jh vjfoan ekxZ] u;h fnYyh 110016}kjk dkf'kr rFkk f'koe vkiQlsV izk- fy-] vlksyk]iQrsgiqj csjh] esu jksM] u;h fnYyh 110030 lseqfnzrA

ISBN 81-7450-665-9

lokZf/dkj lqjf{kr

izdk'kd dh iwoZ vuqefr osQ fcuk bl izdk'ku osQ fdlh Hkkx dks NkiukrFkk bySDVkWfudh] e'khuh] iQksVksizfr fyfi] fjdkWfMZx vFkok fdlh vU;fof/ ls iqu% iz;ksx ifr }kjk bldk laxzg.k vFkok izlkj.k oftZr gSA

bl iqLrd dh fch bl 'krZ osQ lkFk dh xbZgS fd izdk'kd dh iwoZvuqefr osQ fcuk ;g iqLrd vius ewy vkoj.k vFkok ftYn osQ vykok

fdlh vU; izdkj ls O;kikj }kjk m/kjh ij] iqufoZ; ;k fdjk, ij u nhtk,xh] u csph tk,xhA

bl izdk'ku dk lgh ewY; bl i"B ij eqfzr gSA jcM+ dh eqgj vFkokfpidkbZxbZiphZ(fLVdj) ;k fdlh vU; fof/ }kjk vafdr dksbZHkhla'kksfkr ewY; xyr gS rFkk ekU; ughagksxkA

izdk'ku lg;ksx

v;{k] izdk'ku foHkkx % is;fV jktkoqQekjeq[; mRiknu vfkdkjh % f'ko oqQekjeq[; laiknd % 'osrk mIiy

eq[; O;kikj izcakd % xkSre xkaxqyhlgk;d laiknd % ,e- ykymRiknu lgk;d % vkse izdk'k

vkoj.k ,oafp=kdYyksy etwenkj

,u lh bZ vkj Vh osQ izdk'ku foHkkx osQ dk;kZy;

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- oSaQilJh vjfoan ekxZu;h fnYyh 110 016 iQksu % 011&26562708

108] 100 iQhV jksMgsyh ,DlVsasa'ku] gksLMsosQjscuk'kadjhIII bLVstcsaxyq# 560 085 iQksu % 080&26725740

uothou VLV HkouMkd?kj uothou

vgenkckn 380 014 iQksu % 079&27541446lh-MCY;w-lh- oSaQilfudV% /udy cl LVkWi ifugVhdksydkrk 700 114 iQksu % 033&25530454

lh-MCY;w-lh- dkWEIySDlekyhxkaoxqokgkVh 781021 iQksu % 0361&2674869


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vkeq[k

jk"Vh; ikB~;p;kZdh :ijs[kk&2005 lq>krh gS fd cPpksaosQ LowQyh thou dks ckgj osQ thouls tksM+k tkuk pkfg,A ;g flkar fdrkch Kku dh ml fojklr osQ foijhr gS ftlosQ izHkkoo'kgekjh O;oLFkk vkt rd LowQy vkSj ?kj osQ chp varjky cuk, gq, gSA u;h jk"Vh; ikB~;p;kZij vkkkfjr ikB~;e vkSj ikB~;iqLrosaQ bl cqfu;knh fopkj ij vey djus dk iz;kl gSaA bliz;kl esagj fo"k; dks ,d ekcwr nhokj ls ?ksj nsus vkSj tkudkjh dks jVk nsus dh izo`fk dkfojks/ 'kkfey gSA vk'kk gS fd ;s dne gesa jk"Vh; f'k{kk uhfr (1986) esa of.kZr cky&osaQfnzrf'k{kk O;oLFkk dh fn'kk esa dkI+kQh nwj rd ys tk,xsA

bl iz;Ru dh liQyrk vc bl ckr ij fuHkZj gS fd LowQyksaosQ izkpk;Z vkSj v;kid cPpksa

dks dYiuk'khy xfrfof/;ksa vkSj lokyksadh enn ls lh[kus vkSj lh[kus osQ nkSjku vius vuqHkoksaij fopkj djus dk fdruk volj nsrs gSaA geas ;g ekuuk gksxk fd ;fn txg] le; vkSj vkkknhnh tk, rks cPps cM+ksa}kjk lkSaih xbZ lwpuk&lkexzh ls tqM+dj vkSj tw>dj u, Kku dk l`tudj losaQxsA f'k{kk osQ fofo/ lk/uksa ,oa ksrksa dh vuns[kh fd, tkus dk izeq[k dkj.kikB~;iqLrd dks ijh{kk dk ,dek=k vk/kj cukus dh izo`fk gSA ltZuk vkSj igy dks fodflrdjus osQ fy, k:jh gS fd ge cPpksadks lh[kus dh izf;k esaiwjk Hkkxhnkj ekusa vkSj cuk,]mUgsaKku dh fu/kZfjr [kqjkd dk xzkgd ekuuk NksM+ nsaA

;s ms'; LowQy dh nSfud knxh vkSj dk;Z'kSyh esa dkI+kQh isQjcny dh ekx djrs gSaAnSfud le;&lkj.kh esa yphykiu mruk gh k:jh gS ftruk okf"kZd oSQysaMj osQ vey esa

pqLrh] ftlls f'k{k.k osQ fy, fu;r fnuksa dh la[;k gdhdr cu losQA f'k{k.k vk Sj ewY;kadudh fof/;k Hkh bl ckr dks r; djsaxh fd ;g ikB~;iqLrd LowQy esa cPpksa osQ thou dksekufld ncko rFkk cksfj;r dh txg [kq'kh dk vuqHko cukus esa fdruh izHkkoh fl gksrhgSA cks> dh leL;k ls fuiVus osQ fy, ikB~;e fuekZrkvksa us fofHkUu pj.kk sa esa Kku dkiqufuZ/kZj.k djrs le; cPpksa osQ euksfoKku ,oa v;kiu osQ fy, miyC/ le; dk ;kuj[kus dh igys ls vf/d lpsr dksf'k'k dh gSA bl dksf'k'k dks vkSj xgjkus osQ ;Ru esa ;g


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iv

ikB~;iqLrd lksp&fopkj vkSj foLe;] NksVs lewgksa esa ckrphr ,oa cgl vkSj gkFk ls dh tkusokyh xfrfof/;ksa dks izkFkfedrk nsrh gSA

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- bl iqLrd dh jpuk osQ fy, cukbZxbZ ikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr osQifjJe osQ fy, rKrk O;Dr djrh gSA ifj"kn~ Hkk"kk lykgdkj lfefr osQ v;{k izks- ukeojlg vkSj bl iqLrd osQ eq[; lykgdkj izks- iq#"kkske vxzoky dh fo'ks"k vkHkkjh gSA blikB~;iqLrd osQ fodkl esadbZ f'k{kdksa us ;ksxnku fd;k_ bl ;ksxnku dks laHko cukus osQ fy,ifj"kn~muosQ izkpk;ks,oa mu lHkh laLFkkvksavkSj laxBuksaosQ izfr rK gS ftUgksaus vius lalkkuksa]

lkexzh rFkk lg;ksfx;ksa dh enn ysus esamnkjrkiwoZd lg;ksx fn;kA ifj"kn~ ek;fed ,oa mPpf'k{kk foHkkx] ekuo lalk/u fodkl ea=kky; }kjk ksI+ksQlj e`.kky ehjh ,oaksI+ksQlj th-ihns'kikaMsdh v;{krk esa xfBr fuxjkuh lfefr (ekWfuVfjax desVh) osQ lnL;ksa dks viuk ewY;oku le;vkSj lg;ksx nsus osQ fy, /U;okn nsrh gSA O;oLFkkxr lq/kjksa vkSj vius izdk'kuksa esafujarj fu[kkjykus osQ izfr lefiZr ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh fVIif.k;ksa ,oa lq>koksa dk Lokxr djsxh ftuls Hkkohla'kkskuksa esa enn yh tk losQA

funs'kdu;h fnYyh jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqlakku vkSj20 uoacj 2006 izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~


6/62

v

ikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr

v;{k] Hkk"kk lykgdkj lfefr

ukeoj lg]iwoZv;{k]Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk osaQnz] ts-,u-;w-] u;h fnYyh

eq[; lykgdkj

iq#"kkske vxzoky]izksI+ksQlj]Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk osaQnz] ts-,u-;w-] u;h fnYyh

eq[; leUo;d

jketUe 'kekZ] izksI+ksQlj ,oav;{k]Hkk"kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh

lnL;vuqie feJ]lfpo]xkakh 'kkafr izfr"Bku] u;h fnYyhmfeZyk 'kekZ]v;kfidk] tokgj uoksn; fo|ky;] tkI+kQjiqj] u;h fnYyhiznhi tSu]ofj"B v;kid] ekWMuZLowQy] ckjk[kack jksM] u;h fnYyh

johanz dkR;k;u] izoDrk] gnh foHkkx] ,l-,u-Mh-Vh- efgyk fo'ofo|ky;] eqacbZ

ohjsanz tSu]i=kdkj] lka; VkbEl] u;h fnYyhfo'kEHkj]laiknd]f'k{kk foe'kZ] VksMh jetkuiqjk] t;iqjitk izkku]ofj"B v;kfidk] Mh-,e- LowQy] {ks=kh; f'k{kk laLFkku] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] Hkqous'oj

dkfeuh HkVukxj]izoDrk] lh-vkbZ-bZ-Vh] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhlnL;&leUo;d

Lusgyrk izlkn]jhMj] Hkk"kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh


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vkHkkj

bl iqLrd osQ fuekZ.k esavdknfed lg;ksx osQ fy, ifj"kn~fo'ks"k :i ls vkeaf=krfnyhi lg]jftLVkj]nf{k.k Hkkjr gnh izpkj lHkk psUubZ_ m"kk 'kekZ]izoDrk]Mh-vkbZ-bZ-Vh- eksrh ckx u;h fnYyh_ 'kkjnk 'kekZ]izoDrk]Mh-vkbZ-bZ-Vh- vkj-osQ-iqje~u;h fnYyh dh vkHkkjh gSA

ifj"kn~jpukdkjksaosQ ifjtuksa @ laLFkkuksa @ izdk'kdksaosQ izfr vkHkkjh gS ftUgksausmudh jpukvksadks izdkf'kr djus dh vuqefr iznku dhA

iqLrd fuekZ.k lacakh dk;ksesarduhdh lg;ksx osQ fy, ifj"kn~oaQI;wVjLVs'ku bapktZ(Hkk"kk foHkkx) ij'kjke dkSf'kd_ Mh-Vh-ih- vkWijsVjlfpu oqQekj_

dkWih ,MhVjiwtk usxh dh vkHkkjh gSA


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Hkwfedk

d{kk 10 fganh ^c* ikB~;e osQ fy, iwjd ikB~;e osQ fuekZ.k esafo|kfFkZ;ksadh iwokZftZr Hkk"kk

;ksX;rk] ckSfd {kerk ,oa #fp dks ;ku esaj[krs gq, ;g iz;kl fd;k x;k gS fd blosQ ek;e

ls os fofHkUu lkfgfR;d fo/kvksadh fo'ks"krkvksals ifjfpr gksavkSj muesaLok;k; dh izo`fk Hkh

fodflr gksA ;g Hkh iz;Ru fd;k x;k gS fd tks lkfgfR;d fo/k, uoha d{kk dh eq[;

ikB~;iqLrdLi'kZ Hkkx 1 vkSj iwjd ikB~;iqLrdlap;u Hkkx 1 esalfEefyr ughagks ikbZgSa]

os bl iwjd iBu dh iqLrd esavk tk,A bl n`f"V ls bl iqLrd esadgkuh] vkRedFkk ,oa

miU;kl va'k dks LFkku fn;k x;k gSA buosQ v;;u ls vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd fo|kFkhZbu fofo/

fo/kvksadh 'kSyhxr fo'ks"krkvksals ifjfpr gks losaQxsAvkt ns'k esalaiznk; vkSj vlfg".kqrk dh izo`fk osQ dkj.k ge Hkkjrh; thou&ewY;ksa rFkk

viuh leUo;oknh lkekfld laLfr ls nwj gksrs tk jgs gSaA leqfpr lkfgR; dh f'k{kk bl izo`fk

dks nwj djus vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksaesajk"V osQ izfr LoLFk vfHk#fp fodflr djus esa,d izsjd lkku

cu ldrh gSA bl nf"V ls ikB~;&lkexzh osQ p;u vkSj la;kstu eas fuEufyf[kr cnqvksadks osaQnz

esaj[kk x;k gS

iBu&lkexzh ,slh gks ftlosQ ek;e ls fo|kFkhZyksd&ijaijk] lkfgR;] dyk] foKku] lekt

vkfn osQ {ks=k esa viuh lkaLfrd fojklr ls ifjfpr gksavkSj mlosQ izfr muesaldkjkRed

n`f"Vdks.k fodflr gksA

fo/kxr ikB~;&lkexzh osQ p;u esa jkspdrk vkSj fofo/rk dk fo'k s"k :i ls ;ku j[kk

x;k gSA

iBu&lkexzh osQ cks/u dh fn'kk esa v;kid ,oafo|kfFkZ;ksadks Li"V n`f"V nsus osQ fopkj ls

izR;sd ikB esavk, dfBu 'kCnksaosQ vFkZuhps iqQVuksV eas ns fn, x, gSa ftlls ikB dks i


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vFkZxzg.k esa dfBukbZu gks rFkk izR;sd ikB osQ var esacks/&iz'u Hkh ns fn, x, gSaA bu iz'uksa

osQ ek;e ls u osQoy fo|kfFkZ;ksaosQ cks/ dk ewY;kadu gks losQxk cfYd ikB esafufgr fofo/

'kS{kf.kd fcanqHkh mHkjdj lkeus vk losaQxsA

izLrqr iqLrd esadgkuh] vkRedF; va'k vkSj miU;kl va'k dks fy;k x;k gSA bu fo/kvksa

osQ }kjk fuEufyf[kr fo/kvksadh 'kSyhxr fof'k"Vrk ls Nk=k ifjfpr gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk ifjokj]

lekt vkSj lkaLo`Qfrd ifjos'k dh i"BHkwfe ij jfpr jpukvksals Hkh ifjfpr gks losaQxsA bu ikBksa

}kjk eq[; :i ls ;g Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd

gfjgj dkdk?kj og txg gS tks viuksaosQ lq[k&nq[k esa] vkin&foin esa] gkjh&chekjh esa]

g"kZ&mYykl esa,d&nwljs osQ dke vkuk fl[kkrk gSA ,d&nwljs dh mUufr dk ekxZiz'kLr

djus dh lh[k vkSj volj nsrk gSA keZLFky blh viusiu dks] blh ln;rk dks] lg;ksx

dh blh Hkkouk dks viuksals dgha vkxs izk.khek=k rd foLrkj nsus dh le> vkSj laLdkj

nsrk gSA

;fn dHkh fdlh osQ ekeys esa ?kj vkSj keZLFky ;kuh ifjokj vkSj izHkqnjckj nksuksagh viuh

Hkwfedk NksM+ vius ewy LoHkko dks frykatfy ns nsa] rks\rc tks vjktdrk vkSj vukpkj] vU;k; vkSj vkikkkih epsxh] og oSlh gh gksxh tSlh gfjgj

dkdk osQ lax gqbZA

dFkkdkj fefFkys'oj us gfjgj dkdkdgkuh osQ cgkus xzkeh.k ikfjokfjd thou esa gh

ugh a gekjs vkLFkk osQ izrhd keZLFkkuks a vkSj keZotk kkjdks a eas tks LokFkZyk syqirk ?kj

djrh tk jgh g S mls mtkxj fd;k gSA gfjgj dkdk ,d o` vkSj fu%larku O;fDr gSa]

oSls mudk Hkjk&iwjk la;qDr ifjokj gSA xko osQ yksx oqQekxZ ij u pysa ;g lh[k nsu s

osQ fy, ,d BkoqQjckM+h Hkh gS] ysfdu gfjgj dkdk dh foMacuk nsf[k, fd ;gh nksuksa

muosQ fy, dky vkSj fodjky cu tkrs gSaA u rks ifjokj dks gfjgj dkdk dh fiQo zQ

gS u eBkkh'k dks] nksuksa mUgs a lq[k ugh a nq[k nsus esa] mudk fgr ugh a vfgr djus esa

gh exu jgrs gSaA nksuksa dk y{; ,d gh gS] gfjgj dkdk dh tehu gfFk;kukA blosQ

fy, mUgsa pkgs gfjgj dkdk osQ lkFk Ny] cy] dy dk iz;ksx Hkh D;k sa u djuk iM+sA

ikfjokfjd lacak ksa esa Hkzkr`Hk ko dks csn[ky dj iko ilkjrh tk jgh LokFkZ fyIlk vkSj


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keZ dh vkM+ esa iQyus&iwQyus dk volj ik jgh fgalk o`fk dks csudkc djrh ;g

dgkuh vkt osQ xzkeh.k gh ugh a 'kgjh thou dk Hkh ;FkkFk Z mtkxj djrh gSA

liuksa osQ&ls fnuf'k{kk dky esai


11/62

x

gkykfd Vksih osQ firk ,d tkus&ekus MkDVj gSa] ifjokj Hkh Hkjk&iwjk gS] ?kj esafdlh Hkh

phk dk vHkko ughaFkk fiQj Hkh og yk[k euk djus osQ ckotwn b+I+kQu dh gosyh dh

rjI+kQ cjcl [kpk pyk tkrk gSA dk'k! mls ogktkus ls jksdus okys ifjokj osQ yksx dHkh

bl ckr dk Hkh irk yxkus dh tger mBkrs fd Vksih tSlk vkKkdkjh ckyd vkf[kj mudh

,d ;gh fgnk;r D;ksaughaekurk!

vk'kk gS ;g iqLrd fo|kfFkZ;ksadks #fpdj yxsxh vkSj muesaLok;k; dh izo`fk c Hkh mRiUu dj losQxhA


12/62

xi

vkeq[k iii

Hkwfedk vii

1- fefFkys'oj & gfjgj dkdk 1

2- xqjn;ky lg & liuksa osQ&ls fnu 20

3- jkgh eklwe jkk & Vksih 'kqDyk 32

ys[kd ifjp; 45


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Hkkjr dk lafo/ku

msf'kdk

ge] Hkkjr osQ yksx] Hkkjr dks ,dlaiw.kZ izHkqRo&laiUu]lektoknh] iaFk&fujis{k]yksdra=kkRed x.kjkT;cukusosQ fy, rFkk mlosQ leLr ukxfjdksadks%

lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj jktuSfrdU;k;]fopkj] vfHkO;fDr] fo'okl] /eZvkSj mikluk dhLora=krk]

izfr"Bk vkSj volj dhlerkizkIr djkus osQ fy,]

rFkk mulcesaO;fDr dh xfjek vkSjjk"V dh ,drk vkSj v[kaMrk

lqfuf'prdjus okyh ca/qrk c


14/62

xiii

z

I+kQ

izFke laLdj.kekpZ 2007 pS=k 1929

iqueqZ.kuoacj 2007 dkfrZd 1929

fnlacj 2008 ikS"k 1930

PD 23 0 T ML

jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.kifj"kn~ ] 2007

#-0 0 . 0 0

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- okVjekoZQ 80 th-,l-,e- isij ij eqfnzrA

izdk'ku foHkkx esa lfpo] jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqlakku vkSjizf'k{k.k ifj"kn~] Jh vjfoan ekxZ] u;h fnYyh 110016}kjk dkf'kr rFkk \\\\\ lseqfnzrA

ISBN 81-7450-665-9

lokZf/dkj lqjf{kr

izdk'kd dh iwoZvuqefr osQ fcuk bl izdk'ku osQ fdlh Hkkx dks NkiukrFkk bySDVkW fudh] e'khuh] iQksVksizfrfyfi] fjdkWfMZx vFkok fdlh vU;fof/ ls iqu% iz;ksx ifr }kjk bldk laxzg.k vFkok izlkj.k oftZr gSA

bl iqLrd dh fch bl 'krZ osQ lkFk dh xbZ gS fd izdk'kd dh iwoZvuqefr osQ fcuk ;g iqLrd vius ewy vkoj.k vFkok ftYn osQ vykok

fdlh vU; izdkj ls O;kikj }kjk m/kjh ij] iqufoZ; ;k fdjk, ij u nhtk,xh] u csph tk,xhA

bl izdk'ku dk lgh ewY; bl i"B ij eqfzr gSA jcM+ dh eqgj vFkokfpidkbZxbZiphZ(fLVdj) ;k fdlh vU; fof/ }kjk vafdr dksbZHkhla'kksfkr ewY; xyr gS rFkk ekU; ughagksxkA

izdk'ku lg;ksxv;{k] izdk'ku foHkkx % is;fV jktkoqQekjeq[; mRiknu vfkdkjh % f'ko oqQekjeq[; laiknd % 'osrk mIiy

eq[; O;kikj izcakd % xkSre xkaxqyhlgk;d laiknd % ,e- ykymRiknu lgk;d % vkse izdk'k

vkoj.k ,oafp=kdYyksy etwenkj

,u lh bZ vkj Vh osQ izdk'ku foHkkx osQ dk;kZy;

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- oSaQilJh vjfoan ekxZu;h fnYyh 110 016 iQksu % 011&26562708

108] 100 iQhV jksMgsyh ,DlVsasa'ku] gksLMsosQjscuk'kadjh III bLVstcsaxyq# 560 085 iQksu % 080&26725740

uothou VLV HkouMkd?kj uothou

vgenkckn 380 014 iQksu % 079&27541446lh-MCY;w-lh- oSaQilfudV% /udy cl LVkWi ifugVhdksydkrk 700 114 iQksu % 033&25530454

lh-MCY;w-lh- dkWEIySDlekyhxkaoxqokgkVh 781021 iQksu % 0361&2674869


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16/62

2 lap;u

gfjgj dkdk osQ ckjs esa eSa lk sprk gw rks eq>s yxrk gS fd og ;g le> ugha ik jgs gSafd dgsa rks D;k dgsa\ vc dksbZ ,slh ckr ugha ftls dgdj og gydk gks losaQA dksbZ ,slhmfDr ugha ftls dgdj os eqfDr ik losaQA gfjgj dkdk dh fLFkfr esa eSa Hkh gksrk rks fu'p;gh bl xwx siu dk f'kdkj gks tkrkA

gfjgj dkdk bl fLFkfr esa dSls vk iQls\ ;g dkSu&lh fLFkfr gS\ blosQ fy, dkSu fkEesokjgS\ ;g lc crkus ls igys vius xko dk vkSj [kkldj vius xko dh BkoqQjckjh7 dk laf{kIrifjp; eSavkidks ns nsuk mfpr le>rk gwD;ksafd mlosQ fcuk rks ;g dgkuh vkwjh gh jg tk,xhA

esjk xko dLckbZ'kgj vkjk ls pkyhl fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij gSA gluckkkj cl LVSaM osQiklA xko dh oqQy vkcknh


17/62

gfjgj dkdk 3

BkoqQjckjh dk dke yksxksaosQ vanj BkoqQjth osQ izfr HkfDr&Hkkouk iSnk djuk rFkk keZlsfoeq[k gks jgs yksxksadks jkLrs ij ykuk gSA BkoqQjckjh esaHktu&dhrZu dh vkokk cjkcj xwtrh jgrhgSA xko tc Hkh ck


18/62

4 lap;u

gfjgj dkdk osQ ifjokj osQ ikl oqQy lkB ch?ks [ksr gSaA izR;sd HkkbZosQ fgLls ianzg ch?ksiMa+sxsA f"k&dk;Zij ;s yksx fuHkZj gSaA 'kk;n blhfy, vc rd la;qDr ifjokj osQ :i esagh jgrsvk jgs gSaA

gfjgj dkdk osQ rhuksaHkkb;ksaus viuh ifRu;ksadks ;g lh[k nh Fkh fd gfjgj dkdk dhvPNh rjg lsok djsaA le; ij mUgsauk'rk&[kkuk nsaA fdlh ckr dh rdyhI+kQ u gksus nsaA oqQNfnuksard os gfjgj dkdk dh [kkst&[kcj ysrh jghaA fiQj mUgsadkSu iwNus okyk\ ^Bgj&pkSdk*yxkdj ia[kk >yrs gq, vius enksdks vPNs&vPNs O;atu f[kykrhaA gfjgj dkdk osQ vkxs rkscph&[kqph phksavkrhaA dHkh&dHkh rks gfjgj dkdk dks :[kk&lw[kk [kkdj gh larks"k djuk iM+rkA

vxj dHkh gfjgj dkdk dh rch;r [kjkc gks tkrh rks og eqlhcr esaiM+ tkrsA brus cM+sifjokj osQ jgrs gq, Hkh dksbZmUgsaikuh nsus okyk rd ughaA lHkh vius dkeksaesae'kxwy14A cPps;k rks i


19/62

gfjgj dkdk 5

Hkh deh ughagksxhA eSavukFk vkSj cslgkjk ughagwA esjs ku ij rks rqe lc ekSt dj jgh gksA ysfduvc eSa rqe lcksadks crkmQxk---vkfnA

gfjgj dkdk ftl oDr ;g lc cksy jgs Fks] ml oDr BkoqQjckjh osQ iqtkjh th muosQ nkykuij gh fojkteku FksA okf"kZd gqekk15 osQ fy, og ?kh vkSj 'kdhy ysus vk, FksA ykSVdj mUgksausegar th dks foLrkj osQ lkFk lkjh ckr crkbZA muosQ dku [kM+s gks x,A og fnu mUgsa cgqr 'kqHkeglwl gqvkA ml fnu dks mUgksaus ,sls gh xqkj tkus nsuk mfpr ughale>kA rR{k.k16 Vhdkfrydyxk] oaQks ij jkeukeh fy[kh pknj Mky BkoqQjckjh ls py iMs+A la;ksx vPNk FkkA gfjgj osQnkyku rd ughatkuk iM+kA jkLrs esagh gfjgj fey x,A xqLls esa ?kj ls fudy og [kfygku dhvksj tk jgs FksA ysfdu egar th us mUgsa[kfygku dh vksj ughatkus fn;kA vius lkFk BkoqQjckjhij ysrs vk,A fiQj ,dkar dejs esamUgsacSBk] [kwc izse ls le>kus yxsgfjgj! ;gkdksbZfdlhdk ugha gSA lc ek;k dk caku gSA rwrks kkfeZd izo`fk dk vkneh gSA eSale> ughaik jgk gwfd rqe bl caku esaoSQls iQl x,\ bZ'oj esa HkfDr yxkvksA mlosQ flok; dksbZrqEgkjk viukughaA iRuh] csVs] HkkbZ&cakqlc LokFkZosQ lkFkh gSaA ftl fnu mUgsayxsxk fd rqels mudk LokFkZlkus okyk ugha] ml fnu os rqEgsaiwNsaxs rd ughaA blhfy, Kkuh] lar] egkRek bZ'oj osQ flok;fdlh vkSj esaizse ugha yxkrsA ---rqEgkjs fgLls esaianzg ch?ks [ksr gSaA mlh osQ pyrs rqEgkjs HkkbZosQ

ifjokj rqEgsaidM+s gq, gSaA rqe ,d fnu dgdj rks ns[k yks fd viuk [ksr mUgsau nsdj nwljsdks fy[k nksxs] og rqels cksyuk can dj nsaxsA [kwu dk fj'rk [kRe gks tk,xkA rqEgkjs Hkys osQ fy,eSacgqr fnuksals lksp jgk Fkk ysfdu ladkspo'k ughadg jgk FkkA vkt dg nsrk gw] rqe viusfgLls dk [ksr BkoqQjth osQ uke ij fy[k nksA lhks cSoqaQB dks izkIr djksxsA rhuksa yksd esarqEgkjhdhfrZtxexk mBsxhA tc rd pkn&lwjt jgsaxs] rc rd yksx rqEgsa;kn djsaxsA BkoqQjth osQ ukeij kehu fy[k nsuk] rqEgkjs thou dk egknku gksxkA lkkq&lar rqEgkjs iko i[kkjsaxsA lHkh rqEgkjk;'kksxku djsaxsA rqEgkjk ;g thou lkFkZd gks tk,xkA viuh 'ks"k knxh rqe blh BkoqQjckjh esaxqkkjuk] rqEgsafdlh phk dh deh ughagksxhA ,d ekxksxs rks pkj gkfkj dh tk,xhA ge rqEgsaflj&vk[kksaij mBkdj j[ksaxsA BkoqQjth osQ lkFk&lkFk rqEgkjh vkjrh Hkh yxk,xsA HkkbZdk ifjokjrqEgkjs fy, oqQN ughadjsxkA irk ughaiwoZtUe esarqeus dkSu&lk iki fd;k Fkk fd rqEgkjh nksuksaifRu;kvdkye`R;qdks izIr gqbA rqeus vkSykn dk eqag rd ugha ns[kkA viuk ;g tUe rqevdkjFk17 u tkus nksA bZ'oj dks ,d Hkj nksxs rks nl Hkj ikvksxsA eSa vius fy, rks rqels ekx ughajgk gwA rqEgkjk ;g yksd vkSj ijyksd nksuksacu tk,] bldh jkg eSarqEgsacrk jgk gw---A

15-gou esa iz;qDr gksus okyh lkexzh 16-mlh iy 17-csdkj


20/62

6 lap;u

gfjgj nsj rd egar th dh ckrsalqurs jgsA egar th dh ckrsamuosQ eu esacSBrh tk jghFkhaA Bhd gh rks dg jgs gSaegar thA dkSu fdldk gS\ ianzg ch?ks [ksr dh iQly Hkkb;ksaosQ ifjokjdks nsrs gSa] rc rks dksbZiwNrk ugha] vxj oqQN u nsarc D;k gkyr gksxh\ muosQ thou esarks ;gfLFkfr gS] ejus osQ ckn dkSu mUgsa;kn djsxk\ lhks&lhks muosQ [ksr gM+i tk,xsA BkoqQjth osQuke fy[k nsaxs rks iq'rksard yksx mUgsa;kn djsaxsA vc rd osQ thou esarks bZ'oj osQ fy, mUgksausoqQN ughafd;kA vafre le; rks ;g cM+k iq.; dek ysaA ysfdu ;g lksprs gq, Hkh gfjgj dkdkdk eqg [kqy ughajgk FkkA HkkbZdk ifjokj rks viuk gh gksrk gSA mudks u nsdj BkoqQjckjh esansnsuk muosQ lkFk kks[kk vkSj fo'okl?kkr gksxk---A

viuh ckr lekIr dj egar th izfrfozQ;k tkuus osQ fy, gfjgj dh vksj ns[kus yxsA mUgksauseqg ls rks oqQN ughadgk] ysfdu muosQ psgjs osQ ifjofrZr Hkko egar th dh vuqHkoh vk[kksalsfNis u jg losQA viuh liQyrk ij egar th dks cgqr [kq'kh gqbZA mUgksaus lgh txg okj fd;kgSA blosQ ckn mlh oDr BkoqQjckjh osQ nks lsodksa dks cqykdj vkns'k fn;k fd ,d lkI+kQ&lqFkjsdejs esaiyax ij fcLrjk yxkdj muosQ vkjke dk barkke djsaA fiQj rks egar th osQ dgus esaftruk le; yxk Fkk] mlls de le; esagh] lsodksa us gfjgj dkdk osQ euk djus osQ ckotwnmUgsa,d lqanj dejs esaiyax ij tk fyVk;kA vkSj egar th! mUgksaus iqtkjh th dks ;g le>k fn;k

fd gfjgj osQ fy, fo'ks"k :i ls Hkkstu dh O;oLFkk djsaA gfjgj dkdk dks egar th ,d fo'ks"kms'; ls ys x, Fks] blhfy, BkoqQjckjh esapgy&igy 'kq: gks xbZA

bkj 'kke dks gfjgj dkdk osQ HkkbZtc [kfygku ls ykSVs rc mUgsabl nq?kZVuk dk irk pykAigys rks viuh ifRu;ksaij os [kwc cjls] fiQj ,d txg cSBdj prkEkXu gks x,A gkykfd xkoosQ fdlh O;fDr us Hkh muls oqQN ugha dgk FkkA egar th us gfjgj dkdk dks D;k&D;k le>k;kgS] bldh Hkh tkudkjh mUgsaughaFkhA ysfdu blosQ ckotwn mudk eu 'kadkyqvkSj cspSu gks x;kAnjvly] cgqr lkjh ckrsa,slh gksrh gSa] ftudh tkudkjh fcuk crk, gh yksxksadks fey tkrh gSA

'kke xgjkrs&xgjkrs gfjgj dkdk osQ rhuksaHkkbZBkoqQjckjh igqpsA mUgksaus gfjgj dkdk dks okil

?kj pyus osQ fy, dgkA blls igys fd gfjgj dkdk oqQN dgrs] egar th chp esavkx,vkt gfjgj dks ;ghajgus nks---chekjh ls mBk gSA bldk eu v'kkar gSA bZ'oj osQ njckj esajgsxk rks 'kkafr feysxh---A

ysfdu muosQ HkkbZmUgsa?kj ys pyus osQ fy, fkn djus yxsA bl ij BkoqQjckjh osQ lkkq&larmUgsale>kus yxsA ogkmifLFkr xko osQ yksxksaus Hkh dgk fd ,d jkr BkoqQjckjh esajg tk,xsrks D;k gks tk,xk\ varr% Hkkb;ksadks fujk'k gks ogk ls ykSVuk iM+kA


21/62


22/62

8 lap;u

dh ekU;rk ;g Fkh fd HkkbZ dk ifjokj rks viuk gh gksrk gSA viuh tk;nkn mUgsau nsuk muosQlkFk vU;k; djuk gksxkA [kwu osQ fj'rs osQ chp nhokj cukuh gksxhA

ftrus eqg] mruh ckrsaA ,slk kcjnLr elyk igys dHkh ughafeyk Fkk] blhfy, yksx ekSugksuk ughapkgrs FksA vius&vius rjhosQ ls lekkku k fn;k] ej tkmQxk rks vius vkiesjh kehu rqEgsafey tk,xhA kehu ysdj rks tkmQxk ughaA blhfy, fy[kokus dh D;k k:jr\

mkj egar th Hkh gfjgj dkdk dh Vksg esa jgus yxsA tgk dgha ,dkar ikrs] dgmBrsfoyac u djks gfjgjA 'kqHk dke esansj ughadjrsA pydj BkoqQjth osQ uke kehu c;20

dj nksA fiQj iwjh knxh BkoqQjckjh esajkt djksA ejksxs rks rqEgkjh vkRek dks ys tkus osQ fy, LoxZls foeku vk,xkA nsoyksd dks izkIr djksxs---A

19-ifj.kke 20-olh;r


23/62

gfjgj dkdk 9

ysfdu gfjgj dkdk u gk* dgrs vkSj u uk*A ^uk* dgdj os egar th dks nq[kh djuk ughapkgrs Fks D;ksafd HkkbZosQ ifjokj ls tks lq[k&lqfokk,mUgsafey jgh Fkha] os egar th dh ikls ghA vkSj ^gk* rks mUgsa dguk gS ugha] D;ksafd viuh knxh esaviuh kehu mUgsafdlh dks ughafy[kuhA bl eqs ij os tkx:d gks x, FksA

ij chrrs le; osQ vuqlkj egar th dh prk,c


24/62

10 lap;u

BkoqQjckjh dh Nr ls jksM+s vkSj iRFkj muosQ mQij fxjus yxsA os frrj&fcrj gksus yxsA vius gfFk;kjlHkkysA ysfdu gfFk;kj lHkkyus ls igys gh BkoqQjckjh osQ dejksadh f[kM+fd;ksals iQk;fjax 'kq: gksxbZA ,d ukStoku osQ iSj esaxksyh yx xbZA og fxj x;kA mlosQ fxjrs gh gfjgj dkdk osQ Hkkb;ksaosQ i{kkj Hkkx pysA flI+kZQ os rhuksaHkkbZcps jg x,A vius rhuksaosQ cwrs bl ;q dks thruk mUgsalaHko ughatku iM+kA blhfy, os dLcs osQ iqfyl Fkkus dh vksj nkSM+ iM+sA

bkj BkoqQjckjhosQ Hkhrj egar vkSj muosQ oqQN pan fo'oklh lkkqlkns vkSj fy[ks dkxkksa ij

vuikus dk dk;Zpy jgk Fkk rks nwljh vksj gfjgj dkdk osQ rhuksaHkkbZlqcg gksus ls igys gh iqfyl dh thi osQlkFk BkoqQjckjh vk igqpsA thi ls rhuksaHkkbZ] ,d njksxk vkSj iqfyl osQ vkB toku mrjsA iqfylbapktZus BkoqQjckjh osQ iQkVd ij vkokk yxkbZA nLrd nhA ysfdu vanj ls dksbZtokc ughaAvc iqfyl osQ tokuksaus BkoqQjckjh osQ pkjksa rjI+kQ ?ksjk Mkyuk 'kq: fd;kA BkoqQjckjh vxj NksVhjgrh rks iqfyl osQ toku vklkuh ls mls ?ksj ysrs] ysfdu fo'kkydk; BkoqQjckjh dks iqfyl osQlhfer toku ?ksj ldus esavleFkZlkfcr gks jgs FksA fiQj Hkh ftruk laHko gks ldk] ml :iesamUgksaus ?ksjk Mky fn;k vkSj viuk&viuk ekspkZlHkky lqcg dh izrh{kk djus yxsA

gfjgj dkdk osQ Hkkb;ks a us lkspk Fkk fd tc os iqfyl osQ lkFk BkoqQjckjh igqpsax s rksBkoqQjckjh osQ Hkhrj ls geys gks axs vkSj lkk q&lar jxs gkFkksa idM+ fy, tk,xsA ysfdu ,slkoqQN Hkh ugha gqvkA BkoqQjckjh osQ vanj ls ,d jk sM+k Hkh ckgj ugha vk;kA 'kk;n iqfyl dksvkrs gq, mUgksaus ns[k fy;k FkkA

lqcg gk sus esa vHkh oqQN nsj Fkh ] blfy, iqfyl bapktZ jg&jgdj Bko qQjckjh dkiQkVd [kk syu s rFkk lk kq&larks a dks vkReleiZ.k djus osQ fy, vkokk yxk jgs Fk sA lkFk


25/62


26/62

12 lap;u

gfjgj dkdk osQ gkFk vkSj iko rks ckk gh fn, x, Fks] muosQ eqg esadiM+k Bwldj ckk fn;k

x;k FkkA gfjgj dkdk kehu ij yq


27/62

gfjgj dkdk 13

gfjgj dkdk us nsj rd vius c;ku ntZdjk,A muosQ 'kCn&'kCn ls lkkqvksaosQ izfr uI+kQjrvkSj ?k`.kk O;Dr gks jgh FkhA thou esadHkh fdlh osQ f[kykI+kQ mUgksaus bruk ughadgk gksxk ftrukBkoqQjckjh osQ egar] iqtkjh vkSj lkkqvksa osQ ckjs esadgkA

vc gfjgj dkdk iqu% vius Hkkb;ksaosQ ifjokj osQ lkFk jgus yxs FksA bl ckj mUgsankykuij ugha] ?kj osQ vanj j[kk x;k Fkkfdlh cgqewY; oLrqdh rjg ltksdj] fNikdjA mudh lqj{kkosQ fy, fj'rs&ukrs esaftrus ^lwjek* Fks] lcdks cqyk fy;k x;k FkkA gfFk;kj tqVk fy, x, FksA

pkSchlksa?kaVs igjs fn, tkus yxs FksA vxj fdlh vko';d dk;Zo'k dkdk ?kj ls xko esafudyrsrks pkj&ikp dh la[;k eas gfFk;kjksals ySl yksx muosQ vkxs&ihNs pyrs jgrsA jkr esapkjksarjI+kQls ?ksjdj lksrsA Hkkb;ksa us M~;wVh ckV yh FkhA vkks yksx lksrs rks vkks yksx tkxdj igjk nsrs jgrsA

bkj BkoqQjckjh dk n`'; Hkh cny x;k FkkA ,d ls ,d [kw[kkj yksx BkoqQjckjh esavk x, FksA mUgsans[kdj gh Mj yxrk FkkA xko osQ cPpksaus rks BkoqQjckjh dh vksj tkuk gh can dj fn;kA gfjgj dkdkdks ysdj xko izkjaHk ls gh nks oxksesacV x;k FkkA bl u;h ?kVuk dks ysdj nksuksarjI+kQ lsizfrfozQ;k, O;Dr dh tkus yxh FkhaA

vkSj vc gfjgj dkdk ,d lhks&lkns vkSj Hkksys fdlku dh vis{kk prqj vkSj Kkuh gks pys

FksA og eglwl djus yxs Fks fd muosQ HkkbZvpkud mudks tks vknj&lEeku vkSj lqj{kk iznkudjus yxs gSa] mldh otg mu yksxksa osQ lkFk mudk lxs HkkbZdk lacak ugha] cfYd mudh tk;nkngS] vU;Fkk os mudks iwNrs rd ughaA blh xko esatk;nknghu HkkbZdks dkSu iwNrk gS\ gfjgj dkdkdks vc lc ukj vkus yxk Fkk! egar dh fpduh&pqiM+h ckrksaosQ Hkhrj dh lPpkbZHkh vc ogtku x, FksA BkoqQjth osQ uke ij og viuk vkSj vius tSls lkkqvksadk isV ikyrk gSA mls keZvkSj ijekFkZls dksbZeryc ughaA futh LokFkZosQ fy, lkkqgksus vkSj iwtk&ikB djus dk


28/62

14 lap;u

ysfdu gfjgj dkdk lksp oqQN vkSj jgs Fks vkSj okrkoj.k oqQN nwljk gh rS;kj gks jgk FkkABkoqQjckjh ls ftl fnu mUgsaokil yk;k x;k Fkk] mlh fnu ls muosQ HkkbZvkSj fj'rs&ukrs osQ yksxle>kus yxs Fks fd fofkor viuh tk;nkn os vius HkrhtksaosQ uke fy[k nsaA og tc rd ,slkugha djsaxs rc rd egar dh fx&n`f"V muosQ mQij yxh jgsxhA flj ij eMjk jgs rwI+kQku ls eqfDrikus osQ fy, muosQ le{k vc ;gh ,dek=k jkLrk gS---A

lqcg] nksigj] 'kke] jkr x, rd ;gh ppkZA ysfdu gfjgj dkdk lkI+kQ udkj tkrsAdgrsesjs ckn rks esjh tk;nkn bl ifjokj dks Lor% fey tk,xh blhfy, fy[kus dk dksbZvFkZughaA egar us vxwBs osQ tks tcju fu'kku fy, gSa] mlosQ f[kykI+kQ eqdnek geus fd;k gh gS---A

HkkbZtc le>krs&le>krs gkj x, rc mUgksaus MkVuk vkSj ncko nsuk 'kq: fd;kA ysfdu dkdkbl jkLrs Hkh jkth ughagq,A Li"V dg fn;k fd viuh knxh esaog ughafy[ksaxsA cl] ,d jkrmuosQ Hkkb;ksaus ogh :i kkj.k dj fy;k] tks :i egar vkSj muosQ lg;ksfx;ksa us kkj.k fd;k FkkAgfjgj dkdk dks viuh vk[kksaij fo'okl ughagqvkA muosQ ogh vius lxs HkkbZ] tks mudh lsokvkSj lqj{kk esarS;kj jgrs Fks] mUgsaviuk vfHkUu le>rs Fks] tks mudh uhan gh lskrs vkSj tkxrsFks] gfFk;kj ysdj muosQ lkeus [kM+s FksA dg jgs Fkslhks eu ls dkxkksaij tgk&tgkk:jrgS] vxwBs osQ fu'kku cukrs pyks vU;Fkk ekjdj ;gha ?kj osQ vanj xkM+ nsaxsA xko osQ yksxksadks dksbZ

lwpuk rd ugha feyus ik,xhAvxj igys okyh ckr gksrh rks gfjgj dkdk Mj tkrsA vKku dh fLFkfr esagh euq"; e`R;q

ls Mjrs gSaA Kku gksus osQ ckn rks vkneh vko';drk iM+us ij e`R;qdks oj.k djus osQ fy, rS;kjgks tkrk gSA gfjgj dkdk us lksp fy;k fd ;s lc ,d gh ckj mUgsaekj nsa] og Bhd gksxk_ ysfduviuh kehu fy[kdj jeslj dh fokok dh rjg 'ks"k knxh os ?kqV&?kqVdj ejsa] ;g Bhd ughagksxkA jeslj dh fokok dks cgyk&iqQlykdj mlosQ fgLls dh kehu jeslj osQ Hkkb;ksaus fy[kokyhA 'kq: esarks mldk [kwc vknj&eku fd;k] ysfdu cqs ekj nks---eSaej tkmQxk] ysfdu thrs&th ,d kwj kehu Hkh rqEgsaugha fy[kwxk---rqelc BkoqQjckjh osQ egar&iqtkjh ls rfud Hkh de ugha---!

ns[krs gSa] oSQls ughafy[kksxs\ fy[kuk rks rqEgsagS gh] pkgs gl osQ fy[kks ;k jks osQ---A


29/62


30/62

16 lap;u

gfjgj dkdk osQ lkFk muosQ Hkkb;ksadh gkFkkikbZ'kq: gks xbZA gfjgj dkdk vc ml ?kj lsfudydj ckgj xko esaHkkx tkuk pkgrs Fks] ysfdu muosQ Hkkb;ksaus mUgsaekcwrh ls idM+ fy;kFkkA izfrdkj djus ij vc os izgkj Hkh djus yxs FksA vosQys gfjgj dbZyksxksals tw> ldus esavleFkZFks] iQyLo:i mUgksaus viuh j{kk osQ fy, [kwc kksj&kksj ls fpYykuk 'kq: dj fn;kA vcHkkb;ksadks psr vk;k fd eqg rks mUgsaigys gh can dj nsuk pkfg, FkkA mUgksaus rR{k.k mUgsaiVdmuosQ eqg esa diM+k Bwl fn;kA ysfdu ,slk djus ls igys gh dkdk dh vkokk xko esaigqp xbZFkhA Vksyk&iM+ksl osQ yksx nkyku esatqVus yxs FksA BkoqQjckjh osQ i{kkjksaosQ ek;e ls rRdky ;g

[kcj egar th rd Hkh pyh xbZFkhA ysfdu ogkmifLFkr gfjgj dkdk osQ ifjokj vkSj fj'rs&ukrsosQ yksx] xko osQ yksxksadks le>k nsrs fd vius ifjokj dk futh ekeyk gS] blls nwljksa dks D;keryc\ ysfdu egar th us og rRijrk vkSj iqQjrh fn[kkbZtks dkdk osQ Hkkb;ksa us Hkh ughafn[kkbZFkhA og iqfyl dh thi osQ lkFk vk keosQA

iqfyl vkus osQ ckn futh ekeys dk loky [kRe gks x;kA ?kj&ryk'kh 'kq: gqbZA fiQj gfjgjdkdk dks mlls Hkh cnrj gkyr esacjken fd;k x;k ftl gkyr esaBkoqQjckjh ls mUgas cjkenfd;k x;k FkkA

cakueqDr gksus vkSj iqfyl dh lqj{kk ikus osQ ckn mUgksaus crk;k fd muosQ Hkkb;ksaus muosQ

lkFk cgqr tqYe&vR;kpkj fd;k gS] fd tcju vusd dkxkksaij muosQ vxwBs osQ fu'kku fy, gSa]fd mUgsa[kwc ekjk&ihVk gS] fd mudh dksbZHkh nqxZfr ckdh ughaNksM+h gS] fd vxj vkSj FkksM+hnsj rd iqfyl ughavkrh rks og mUgsa tku ls ekj nsrs---A

gfjgj dkdk osQ ihB] ekFks vkSj ikoksaij dbZtxg k[e osQ fu'kku mHkj vk, FksA og cgqr?kcjk, gq,&ls yx jgs FksA dki jgs FksA vpkud fxjdj csgks'k gks x,A eqg ij ikuh NhaVdj mUgsagks'k eas yk;k x;kA HkkbZvkSj Hkrhts rks iqfyl vkrs gh pair gks x, FksA iqfyl dh idM+ esafj'rsosQ nks O;fDr vk,A fj'rs osQ 'ks"k yksx Hkh iQjkj gks x, Fks---A

gfjgj dkdk osQ lkFk ?kVh ?kVukvk sa esa ;g vc rd dh lcls vafre ?kVuk gSA bl

?kVuk osQ ckn dkdk vius ifjokj ls ,dne vyx jgus yxs gSa A mudh lqj{kk osQ fy,jkbiQyk kjh iqfyl osQ pkj toku fey s gSa A gkyk fd blo sQ fy, muo sQ Hkkb;ksa vk Sj egardh vksj ls dkI+kQh iz;kl fd, x, gSa A vly esa Hkkb;k sa dks prk Fkh fd gfjgj vosQysjgus yxsax s] rc Bko qQjckjh osQ egar vius yksxk sa osQ lkFk vkdj iqu% mUgsa ys Hkkx sax sA vkS j;gh prk egar th dk s Hkh Fkh fd gfjgj dks vosQyk vkSj vlqjf{kr ik muosQ HkkbZ iqu%mUgsa kj ncksps axs A blhfy, tc gfjgj dkdk us viuh l qj{ kk osQ fy, iqfyl dh ekx dh


31/62

gfjgj dkdk 17

rc usiF; esa jgdj gh muo sQ Hkkb;k sa vkS j egar th us iSjoh yxk vkSj i Sls [kp Z dj mUg saiwj h lgk;rk igq pkbZA ;g mudh lgk;rk dk gh ifj.kke gS fd ,d O;fDr dh lqj{kk o sQfy, xk o esa iqfyl osQ pkj toku rSukr dj fn, x, gSaA

tgkrd eSale>rk gw] fiQygky gfjgj dkdk iqfyl dh lqj{kk esajg k:j jgs gSa] ysfduokLrfod lqj{kk BkoqQjckjh vkSj vius Hkkb;ksadh vksj ls gh fey jgh gSA BkoqQjckjh osQ lkkq&larvkSj dkdk osQ HkkbZbl ckr osQ izfr iwjh rjg lroZQ gSa fd muesals dksbZ;k xko dk dksbZvU;

gfjgj dkdk osQ lkFk tksj&kcjnLrh u djus ik,A lkFk gh viuk ln~Hkko vkSj ekqj O;ogkj izdVdj iqu% mudk ;ku viuh vksj [khap ysus osQ fy, nksuksany iz;Ru'khy gSaA

xko esa ,d usrk th gSa] og u rks dksbZukSdjh djrs gSavkSj u [ksrh&x`gLFkh] fiQj Hkh ckjgksaeghus ekSk mM+krs jgrs gSaA jktuhfr dh tknqbZNM+h muosQ ikl gSA mudk ;ku gfjgj dkdk dhvksj tkrk gSA og rRdky xko osQ oqQN fof'k"V yksxksaosQ lkFk muosQ ikl igqprs gSa vkSj ;g izLrkoj[krs gSafd mudh kehu esa^gfjgj mPp fo|ky;* uke ls ,d gkbZLowQy [kksyk tk,A bllsmudk uke vej gks tk,xkA mudh kehu dk lgh mi;ksx gksxk vkSj xko osQ fodkl osQ fy,,d LowQy fey tk,xkA ysfdu gfjgj dkdk osQ mQij rks vc dksbZHkh nwljk jax p


32/62

18 lap;u

BkoqQjckjh osQ lkkq&lar vkSj dkdk osQ Hkkb;ksaus dc D;k dgk] ;g [kcj fctyh dh rjg,d gh ckj lewps xko esa iSQy tkrh gSA [kcj >wBh gS fd lPph] bl ij dksbZ;ku ughansrkAftls [kcj gkFk yxrh gS] og ued&fepZfeyk mls pVdkdj vkxs cqBykdj Hkh mlosQ vkxeu dks Vkyk ugha tk ldrkA

vkSj gfjgj dkdk! og rks fcyoqQy ekSu gks viuh knxh osQ 'ks"k fnu dkV jgs gSaA ,d ukSdj

j[k fy;k gS] ogh mUgsacukrk&f[kykrk gSA muosQ fgLls dh kehu eas ftruh iQly gksrh gS] mllsvxj og pkgrs rks ekSt dh knxh fcrk ldrs FksA ysfdu og rks xwxsiu dk f'kdkj gks x, gSaAdksbZckr dgks] oqQN iwNks] dksbZtokc ughaA [kqyh vk[kksals cjkcj vkdk'k dks fugkjk djrs gSaAlkjs xko osQ yksx muosQ ckjs esacgqr oqQN dgrs&lqurs gSa] ysfdu muosQ ikl vc dgus osQ fy,dksbZckr ughaA

25-


33/62

gfjgj dkdk 19

iqfyl osQ toku gfjgj dkdk osQ [kpsZij gh [kwc ekSt&eLrh ls jg jgs gSaA ftldk ku ogjgs mikl] [kkus okys djsa foyklA vc rd tks ugha[kk;k Fkk] nksuksatwu mldk Hkksx yxk jgs gSaA

cks/&iz'u

1- dFkkokpd vkSj gfjgj dkdk osQ chp D;k lacak gS vkSj blosQ D;k dkj.k gaS\2- gfjgj dkdk dks eagr vkSj vius HkkbZ,d gh Js.kh osQ D;ksa yxus yxs\

3- BkoqQjckjh osQ izfr xko okyksa osQ eu esa vikj Jk osQ tks Hkko gSa mlls mudh fdl eukso`fk dk irkpyrk gS\

4- vui j[krs gSa\ dgkuh osQ vkkkj ij Li"V dhft,A

5- gfjgj dkdk dks tcju mBk ys tkus okys dkSu Fks\ mUgksaus muosQ lkFk dSlk crkZo fd;k\

6- gfjgj dkdk osQ ekeys esa xko okyksa dh D;k jk; Fkh vkSj mlosQ D;k dkj.k Fks\

7- dgkuh osQ vkkkj ij Li"V dhft, fd ys[kd us ;g D;ksadgk] vKku dh fLFkfr esagh euq"; e`R;qls MjrsgSaA Kku gksus osQ ckn rks vkneh vko';drk iM+us ij e`R;qdks oj.k djus osQ fy, rS;kj gks tkrk gSA

8- lekt esa fj'rksadh D;k vgfe;r gS\ bl fo"k; ij vius fopkj izdV dhft,A

9- ;fn vkiosQ vklikl gfjgj dkdk tSlh gkyr esadksbZgks rks vki mldh fdl izdkj enn djsaxs\

10- gfjgj dkdk osQ xko esa ;fn ehfM;k dh igqp gksrh rks mudh D;k fLFkfr gksrh\ vius 'kCnksaesafyf[k,A


34/62

20 lap;u

liuksa osQ&ls fnu

esjs lkFk [ksyus okys lHkh cPpksa dk gky ,d&lk gksrkA uaxs iko] iQVh&eSyh lh dPNh vkSj VwVscVuksaokys dbZtxg ls iQVs oqQrsZvkSj fc[kjs ckyA tc ydM+h osQ


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liuksa osQ&ls fnu 21


36/62

22 lap;u

gekjs vk/s ls vf/d lkFkh jktLFkku ;k gfj;k.kk ls vkdj eaMh esaO;kikj ;k nqdkunkjh djusvk, ifjokjksals FksA tc cgqr NksVs Fks rks mudh cksyh de le> ikrsA muosQ oqQN 'kCn lqudjgesaglh vkus yxrhA ijarq[ksyrs rks lHkh ,d&nwljs dh ckr [kwc vPNh rjg le> ysrsA

irk Hkh ughapyk fd yksdksfDr vuqlkj ,g [ksM.k4 ns fnu pkj* oSQls] dc chr x,A (geesals dksbZHkh ,slk u Fkk tks LowQy osQ dejs esa cSBdj irk gksA) oqQN viusek&cki osQ lkFk tSlk Hkh Fkk] dke djkus yxsA

cpiu esa?kkl vf/d gjh vkSj iwQyksadh lqxa/ vf/d eueksgd yxrh gSA ;g 'kCn 'kk;n

vk/h 'krh igys fdlh iqLrd esai osQ vuqowQy gksxkA ijarqLowQy osQ vanj tkus ls jkLrsosQ nksuksavksj tks vfy;kj osQ cM+s kM+ mxs Fks (ftUgsage MafM;kdgk djrs)muosQ uhe osQ ikksatSls ikksadh egd vkt rd Hkh vk[k ewndj eglwl dj ldrk gwA mufnuksaLowQy dh NksVh D;kfj;ksaesaiwQy Hkh dbZrjg osQ mxk, tkrs Fks ftuesaxqykc] xsank vkSjeksfr;k dh nw/&lh lI+ksQn dfy;k Hkh gqvk djrhaA ;s dfy;kbruh lqanj vkSj [kq'kcwnkj gksrh Fkhafd ge panwpiM+klh5 ls vk[k cpkdj dHkh&dHkkj ,d&nks rksM+ fy;k djrsA mudh cgqr rsklqxa/ vkt Hkh eglwl dj ikrk gw] ijarq;g ;kn ughafd mUgsarksM+dj] oqQN nsj lw?kdj fiQjD;k fd;k djrsA ('kk;n tsc esaMky ysrs] ekmls /ksus osQ le; fudkydj ckgj isaQd nsrh ;k

ge gh] LowQy ls ckgj vkrs mUgsa cdjh osQ eseuksadh Hkkfr ^pj* tk;k djrs)Atc vxyh Js.kh esankf[ky gksrs rks ,d vksj rks oqQN cM+s] l;kus gksus osQ ,glkl ls mRlkfgr

Hkh gksrs] ijarqnwljh vksj u;h] iqjkuh dkfi;ksa&fdrkcksals tkus oSQlh ckl vkrh fd mUghaekLVjksaosQ Mj ls dkius yxrs tks fiNyh Js.kh esa i


37/62


dks xje jsr ls [kwc yFkiFk dj mlh rjg Hkkxrs] fdlh mQph txg ls rkykc esaNykx yxk nsrsAjsr dks xanys ikuh ls lkI+kQ dj fiQj Vhys dh vksj Hkkx tkrsA ;kn ughafd ,slk] ikp&nl ckjdjrs ;k ianzg&chl ckjA dbZckj rkykc esaowQndj ,sls gkFk&iko fgykus yxrs tSls cgqr vPNsrSjkd gksaA ijarq,d&nks dks NksM+] esjs fdlh lkFkh dks rSjuk ughavkrk FkkA oqQN rks gkFk&iko fgykrsgq, xgjs ikuh esapys tkrs rks nwljs mUgsa ckgj vkus osQ fy, fdlh HkSal osQ lhax ;k nqe idM+djckgj vkus dh lykg nsrsA mUgsaqdkdj fdlh osQ isV ;k Nkrh esa ekj nsrk rks mlls nqxqus&frxqus'kjhj okys yM+osQ Hkh ihM+k ls fpYykus yxrsA gesaMj yxrk fd fdlh dh Nkrh dh ilyh ghu rksM+ MkysA mlosQ flj dh VDdj dk uke geus ^jsy&cEck* j[kk gqvk Fkkjsy osQ (dks;ys lspyus okys) batu dh Hkkfr cM+k vkSj Hk;adj gh rks FkkA

6- vktdy LowQyksaesa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ihVuk euk gS


38/62

24 lap;u

gekjk LowQy cgqr NksVk FkkosQoy NksVs&NksVs ukS dejs Fks tks vaxszkh osQ v{kj ,p (H) dh Hkkfrcus FksA nkbvksj igyk dejk gsMekLVj Jh enueksgu 'kekZth dk Fkk ftlosQ njokks osQ vkxs ges'kkfpd yVdh jgrhA LowQy dh izs;j (izkFkZuk) osQ le; og ckgj vkrs vkSj lh/h drkjksaesadn osQvuqlkj [kM+s yM+dksadks ns[k mudk xksjk psgjk f[ky mBrkA lkjs v;kid] yM+dksadh rjg gh drkjck/dj muosQ ihNs [kM+s gksrsA osQoy ekLVj izhre pan ^ihVh* yM+dksadh drkjksaosQ ihNs [kM+s&[kM+s;g ns[krs Fks fd dkSu lk yM+dk drkj esaBhd ugha[kM+kA mudh ?kqM+dh rFkk BqaksaosQ Hk; ls gelHkh drkj osQ igys vkSj vkf[kjh yM+osQ dk ;ku j[krs] lhkss drkj esacus jgus dk iz;Ru djrsA

lh/h drkj osQ lkFk&lkFk gesa;g ;ku Hkh j[kuk gksrk Fkk fd vkxs ihNs [kM+s yM+dksaosQ chp dhnwjh Hkh ,d lh gksA lHkh yM+osQ ml ^ihVh* ls cgqr Mjrs Fks D;ksafd mu ftruk l[r v;kidu dHkh fdlh us ns[kk] u lquk FkkA ;fn dksbZyM+dk viuk flj Hkh b/j&m/j fgyk ysrk ;k ikols nwljh fiaMyh [kqtykus yxrk rks og mldh vksj ck?k dh rjg >iV iM+rs vkSj ^[kky [khapus*osQ eqgkojs dks izR;{k djosQ fn[kk nsrsA


39/62


ijarqgsMekLVj 'kekZ th mlosQ fcyoqQy myV LoHkko osQ FksA og ikpohavkSj vkBohaJs.khdks vaxzskh Lo;aiqdkdj eqqg uhpk fd,gl nsrsA og pir rks tSls gesaHkkbZHkh[ks dh uedhu ikiM+h tSlh eksnkj yxrh tks rc iSls dh

'kk;n nks vk tk;k djrhaAijar q rc Hkh LowQy gekjs fy, ,slh txg u Fkh tgk [kq'kh ls Hkkx s tk,A igyh dPph

Js.kh ls ysdj pkSFkh Js.kh rd] osQoy ikp&lkr yM+dksa dksNksM + ge lHkh jksr s fpYykrs gh LowQy tk;k djrsA

ijarq dHkh&dHkh ,slh lHkh fLFkfr;ksaosQ jgrs LowQy vPNkHkh yxus yxrkA tc LdkmVx dk vH;kl djokrs le; ihVhlkgc uhyh&ihyh >afM;kgkFkksaesaidM+kdj ou VwFkzh dgrs]>afM;kmQij&uhps] nk,&ck,djokrs rks gok esaygjkrh vkSj


40/62


41/62


cSB x;k FkkA lHkh rks u, u gksrs Fks ijarq nks&rhu gj lky gh og gksrs tksfd NksVh Js.kh esa ughai


42/62

28 lap;u

Hkjrh gks tk js]gks tk js jax:V

bUgha ckrksals vkdf"kZr gk s oqQN ukStoku Hkjrh osQ fy, rS;kj gks tk;k djrsA

dHkh&dHkh gesaHkh eglwl gksrk fd ge Hkh I+kQkSth tokuksals de ughaA kksch dh kqyh onhZvkSjikfy'k fd, cwV vkSj tqjkcksadks igus tc ge LdkmfVax dh ijsM djrs rks yxrk ge I+kQkSth gh gSaA

ekLVj izhrepan dks LowQy osQ le; esadHkh Hkh geus eqldjkrs ;k glrs u ns[kk FkkA mudk

fBxuk dn] nqcyk&iryk ijarqxBhyk 'kjhj] ekrk osQ nkxksals Hkjk psgjk vkSj ckt&lh rsk vk[ksa][kkdh onhZ] peM+s osQ pkSM+s iatksaokys cwVlHkh oqQN gh Hk;Hkhr djus okyk gqvk djrkA muosQcwVksadh mQph ,fM+;ksaosQ uhps Hkh [kqfj;k yxh jgrha] tSls rkxs osQ ?kksM+s osQ iSjksaesa yxh jgrhgSaA vxys fgLls esa] iatksa osQ uhps eksVs fljksa okys dhy BqosQ gksrsA ;fn og l[r txg ij Hkhpyrs rks [kqfj;ksavkSj dhyksa osQ fu'kku ogkHkh fn[kkbZnsrsA ge ;ku ls ns[krs] brus cM+s vkSjHkkjh&Hkkjh cwV iguus osQ ckotwn muosQ V[kuksaesa dghaeksp rd ughavkrh FkhA (mudks ns[kdjge ;fn ?kjokyksals cwVksadh ekx djrs rks ek&cki ;gh dgrs fd V[kus Vs


43/62


13-fuyafcr 14-f'k{kk foHkkx

le; igys 'kekZth] LowQy dh iwjc dh vksjcus ljdkjh gLirky easaMkDVj diyk'k lsfeyus x, FksA og n+rj osQ lkeus dh vksjpys vk,A vkrs gh tks oqQN mUgksaus ns[kk oglgu ughadj ik,A 'kk;n ;g igyk voljFkk fd og ihVh izhrepandh ml ccZjrk dks lgu udj ik,A cgqr mksftr gksx, FksA

kV vkj ;wMwbx] btbV nk os Vwifu'k nk LVwMsaV~lvkiQ iQksFkZ Dykl\ LVki bV,sV oUlA

gesarc vaxzskh ughavkrh

Fkh] D;kasfd ml le; ikpoha

Js.kh ls vaxzskh i


44/62

30 lap;u

ml fnu osQ ckn ;g irk gksrs gq, Hkh fd ihVh izhrepan dks tc rd ukHkk ls Mk;jsDVj^cgky* ughadjsaxs rc rd og LowQy esadne ughaj[k ldrs] tc Hkh I+kQkjlh dh ?kaVh ctrhrks gekjh Nkrh ko~Q&ko~Q djrh iQVus dks vkrhA ijarqtc rd 'kekZth Lo;a;k ekLVj ukSgfj;kjke th dejs esaI+kQkjlh ikZ, jgrsA

fiQj dbZlIrkg rd ihVh ekLVj LowQy ughavk,A irk pyk fd ckkkj esa,d nqdku osQ mQijmUgksaus tks NksVh&NksVh f[kM+fd;ksaokyk pkSckjk fdjk, ij ys j[kk Fkk] oghavkjke ls jg jgs FksA oqQN

lkroha&vkBohaosQ fo|kFkhZgesacrk;k djrs fd mUgsaeqvky gksus dh jkh Hkj Hkh prk ughaFkhAigys dh rjg gh vkjke ls itjs esaj[ks nks rksrksadks fnu esadbZckj] fHkxksdj j[ks cknkeksadhfxfj;ksadk fNydk mrkjdj mUgsaf[kykrs muls ckrsadjrs jgrs gSaA muosQ os rksrs geus Hkh dbZckjns[ks FksA (ge mu cM+s yM+dksaosQ lkFk muosQ pkSckjs esax, Fks tks yM+osQ ihVh lkgc osQ vkns'k ijmuosQ ?kj dk dke djus tk;k djrs) ijarqgekjs fy, ;g peRdkj gh Fkk fd tks izhrepan fcYykekj&ekjdj gekjh peM+h rd mksM+ nsrs og vius rksrksals ehBh&ehBh ckrsaoSQls dj ysrs Fks\ D;krksrksadks mudh ngdrh] Hkwjh vk[kksals Hk; u yxrk FkkA

gekjh le> esa ,slh ckrsarc ughavk ikrh Fkha] cl ,d rjg bUgsavykSfdd gh ekurs FksA

cks/&iz'u

1- dksbZHkh Hkk"kk vkilh O;ogkj esa ck/k ughacurhikB osQ fdl va'k ls ;g fl gksrk gS\

2- ihVh lkgc dh 'kkck'k* I+kQkSt osQ rexksa&lh D;ksa yxrh Fkh\ Li"V dhft,A

3- u;h Js.kh esatkus vkSj u;h dkfi;ksavkSj iqjkuh fdrkcksals vkrh fo'ks"k xa/ ls ys[kd dk ckyeu D;ksamnklgks mBrk Fkk\

4- LdkmV ijsM djrs le; ys[kd vius dks egoiw.kZ^vkneh* I+kQkSth toku D;ksa le>us yxrk Fkk\

5- gsMekLVj 'kekZth us ihVh lkgc dks D;ksa eqvky dj fn;k\

6- ys[kd osQ vuqlkj mUgsaLowQy [kq'kh ls Hkkxs tkus dh txg u yxus ij Hkh dc vkSj D;ksamUgsaLowQy tkuk vPNkyxus yxk\

7- ys[kd vius Nk=k thou esa LowQy ls Nqf^;ksaesafeys dke dks iwjk djus osQ fy, D;k&D;k ;kstuk,cuk;k djrkFkk vkSj mls iwjk u dj ikus dh fLFkfr esa fdldh Hkkfr cgknqj* cuus dh dYiuk fd;k djrk Fkk\

8- ikB esa of.kZr ?kVukvksaosQ vk/kj ij ihVh lj dh pkfjf=kd fo'ks"krkvksaij izdk'k Mkfy,A


45/62


9- fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vuq'kklu esaj[kus osQ fy, ikB esaviukbZxbZ;qfDr;ksavkSj orZeku esaLohoQr ekU;rkvksaosQ laca/esavius fopkj izdV dhft,A

10- cpiu dh ;knsaeu dks xqnxqnkus okyh gksrh gSa fo'ks"kdj LowQyh fnuksadhA vius vc rd osQ LowQyh thou dh[k^h&ehBh ;knksadks fyf[k,A

11- izk;% vfHkHkkod cPpksadks [ksy&owQn esa ;knk #fp ysus ij jksdrs gSa vkSj le; cjckn u djus dh ulhgrnsrs gSaA crkb,

(d) [ksy vkiosQ fy, D;ksa k:jh gSa\

([k) vki dkSu ls ,sls fu;e&dk;nks a dks viuk,xs ftlls vfHkHkkodks a dks vkiosQ [ksy ij vkifku gks\


46/62

32 lap;u

Vksih 'kqDyk

b+I+kQu osQ ckjs esaoqQN tku ysuk blfy, k:jh gS fd b+I+kQu Vksih dk igyk nksLr FkkA blb+I+kQu oQks Vksih us lnk biQu dgkA b+I+kQu us bldk cqjk ekukA ijarqog biQu iqdkjus ijcksyrk jgkA blh cksyrs jgus esamldh cM+kbZFkhA ;g ukeksaoQk pDdj Hkh vthc gksrk gSA mnZwvkSj gnh ,d gh Hkk"kk] fganoh osQ nks uke gSaA ijarqvki [kqn ns[k yhft, fd uke cny tkusls oSQls&oSQls ?kiys gks jgs gSaA uke o`Q".k gks rks mls vorkj dgrs gSavkSj eqgEen gks rks iSxacjAukeksaosQ pDdj esaiM+dj yksx ;g Hkwy x, fd nksukas gh nwk nsus okys tkuoj pjk;k djrs FksAnksuksagh i'kqifr] xkscjku vkSj czt&oqQekj FksA blhfy, rks dgrk gw fd Vksih osQ fcuk b+I+kQu vkSjb+I+kQu osQ fcuk Vksih u osQoy ;g fd vkwjs gSacfYd csekuh gSaA blfy, b+I+kQu osQ ?kj pyuk

k:jh gSA ;g ns[kuk k:jh gS fd mldh vkRek osQ vkxu esaoSQlh gok,py jgh gSa vkSjijaijkvksa1 osQ isM+ ij oSQls iQy vk jgs gSaA

(2)

b+I+kQu dh dgkuh Hkh cgqr yach gSA ijarqge yksx Vksih dh dgkuh dg&lqu jgs gSaA blhfy,eSab+I+kQu dh iwjh dgkuh ughalqukmQxk cfYd osQoy mruh gh lqukmQxk ftruh Vksih dh dgkuhosQ fy, k:jh gSA

eSaus bls k:jh tkuk fd b+I+kQu osQ ckjs esavkidks oqQN crk nwD;ksafd b+I+kQu vkidks bldgkuh esatxg&txg fn[kkbZnsxkA u Vksih b+I+kQu dh ijNkbZgS vkSj u b+I+kQu Vksih dhA ;s nksuksanks vkkkn O;fDr gSaA bu nksuksaO;fDr;ksadk MsoyiesaV2 ,d&nwljs ls vkkkn rkSj ij gqvkA bunksukas dks nks rjg dh ?kjsywijaijk,feyhaA bu nksuksaus thou osQ ckjs esavyx&vyx lkspkA fiQjHkh b+I+kQu Vksih dh dgkuh dk ,d vVwV3 fgLlk gSA ;g ckr cgqr egoiw.kZ gS fd b+I+kQu Vksihdh dgkuh dk ,d vVwV fgLlk gSA

[email protected] tks cgqr fnuksa ls pyh vk jgh gks 2-fodkl 3-u VwVus okyk@ekcwr


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Vksih 'kqDyk 33

eSagnw&eqfLye HkkbZ&HkkbZdh ckr ughadj jgk gwA eSa;g csoowQI+kQh D;ksad:! D;k eSajkskvius cM+s ;k NksVs HkkbZls ;g dgrk gwfd ge nksuksaHkkbZ&HkkbZgSa\ ;fn eSaughadgrk rks D;kvki dgrs gS\ gnw&eqlyeku vxj HkkbZ&HkkbZgSarks dgus dh k:jr ughaA ;fn ugha gSarks dgusls D;k I+kQoZQ iMs+xkA eq>s dksbZpquko rks yM+uk ughagSA

eSarks ,d dFkkdkj gwvkSj ,d dFkk lquk jgk gwA eSaVksih vkSj b+I+kQu dh ckr dj jgk gwA;s bl dgkuh osQ nks pfj=k gSaA ,d dk uke cyHknz ukjk;.k 'kqDyk gS vkSj nwljs dk uke l;ntjxke eqjrqkkA ,d dks Vksih dgk x;k vkSj nwljs dks b+I+kQuA

b+I+kQu osQ nknk vkSj ijnknk cgqr izfl ekSyoh FksA dkfI+kQjksa osQ ns'k esaiSnk gq,A dkfI+kQjksadsns'k esaejsA ijarqolh;r4 djosQ ejs fd yk'k djcyk5 ys tkbZtk,A mudh vkRek us bl ns'kesa,d lkl rd u yhA ml [kkunku esatks igyk gnqLrkuh cPpk iSnk gqvk og crkA tc csVsdh 'kknh osQ fnu vk, rks xkus&ctkus osQ fy, mudk fny iQM+dk ijarqekSyoh osQ ?kj xkuk&ctkukHkyk oSQls gks ldrk Fkk! cspkjh fny elksldj jg xbA gkb+I+kQu dh NBh10--- ij mUgksaus thHkjdj t'u11 euk fy;kA

ckr ;g Fkh fd b+I+kQu vius nknk osQ ejus osQ ckn iSnk gqvk FkkA enksvkSj vkSjrksaosQ bl

I+kQoZQ dks ;ku esaj[kuk k:jh gS D;ksafd bl ckr dks ;ku esaj[ks cxSj b+I+kQu dh vkRek dkukd&uD'kk12 le> esaugha vk ldrkA

4-yach ;k=kk ij tkus ls iwoZ ;k viuh e`R;q osQ ckn viuh laifk osQ izcak] miHkksx vkfn osQ fo"k; esa fyf[kr bPNktks ntZ dj nh xbZ gks 5-bLyke dk ,d ifo=k LFkku 6-fu;fer :i ls uekk i


48/62

34 lap;u

b+I+kQu dh nknh fdlh ekSyoh dh csVh ughaFkhacfYd ,d kehankj dh csVh FkhaA nwk&?kh[kkrh gqbZvkbZFkhaijarqy[kumQ vkdj og ml ngh osQ fy, rjl xbtks ?kh fiykbZgqbZdkyhgkfM;ksaesavlkfe;ksaosQ ;gkls vk;k djrk FkkA cl ek;osQ tkrharks yiM+&'kiM+ th Hkj osQ [kkysrhaA y[kumQ vkrs gh mUgsafiQj ekSyfou cu tkuk iM+rkA vius fe;kls mUgsa ;gh rks ,df'kdk;r Fkh fd oDr ns[ksau ekSdk] cl ekSyoh gh cus jgrs gSaA

llqjky esamudh vkRek lnk cspSu jghA tc ejus yxharks csVs us iwNk fd yk'k djcyktk,xh ;k utI+kQ] rks fcxM+ xbA cksyha] , csVk tmu rwls gejh yk'k uk lHkkyh tk, r gejs

?kj Hkst fngksAekSr flj ij Fkh blfy, mUgsa ;g ;kn ughajg x;k fd vc ?kj dgk gSA ?kjokys djkph esa

gSavkSj ?kj dLVksfM;u13 dk gks pqdk gSA ejrs oDr fdlh dks ,slh NksVh&NksVh ckrsaHkyk oSQls;kn jg ldrh gSaA ml oDr rks euq"; vius lcls ;knk [kwclwjr lius ns[krk gS (;g dFkkdkjdk [k;ky gS] D;ksafd og vHkh rd ejk ughagS!) b+I+kQu dh nknh dks Hkh viuk ?kj ;kn vk;kAml ?kj dk uke dPph gosyh FkkA dPph blfy, fd og fe^h dh cuh FkhA mUgsanlgjh vkedk og chtwisM+14 ;kn vk;k tks mUgksaus vius gkFk ls yxk;k Fkk vkSj tks mUghadh rjg cw


49/62

Vksih 'kqDyk 35

nknh dh Hkk"kk ij og dHkh ughaeqldjk;kA mls rks vPNh&Hkyh yxrh FkhA ijarqvCcwughacksyus nsrs FksA vkSj tc og nknh ls bldh f'kdk;r djrk rks og gl iM+rha] v eksjk dk gScsVk! vui x;k fd ekrk th oQks dgrs gSaA;g 'kCn mls vPNk yxkA vEekA og bl 'kCn dks xqM+ dh Myh dh rjg pqHkykrk jgkAvEekA vCcwA ckthA

fiQj ,d fnu xkc gks x;kAMkWDVj Hk`xqukjk;.k 'kqDyk uhys rsy okys osQ ?kj esaHkh chlohalnh izos'k dj pqdh FkhA ;kuh

[kkuk esk&oqQjlh ij gksrk FkkA yxrh rks Fkkfy;kgh FkhaijarqpkSosQ ij ughaAml fnu ,slk gqvk fd cSaxu dk Hkqjrk mls kjk ;knk vPNk yxkA jkenqykjh [kkuk ijksl jgh

FkhA Vksih us dgkvEeh] kjk cSxu dk HkqjrkA

vEeh!esk ij ftrus gkFk Fks jQd x,A ftruh vk[ksaFkha oks Vksih osQ psgjs ij te xbAvEeh! ;g 'kCn bl ?kj esaoSQls vk;kA vEeh! ijaijkvksadh nhokj Mksyus yxhA;s y+k23 rqeus dgklh[kk\ lqHknzknsoh us loky fd;kA

20-cfYd 21-iosQ vke osQ jl dks lq[kkdj cukbZxbZeksVh ijr 22-fry dk ya@fry ls cus O;atu 23-'kCn


50/62

36 lap;u


51/62

Vksih 'kqDyk 37

y+k\ Vksih us vk[kas upkbA y+k dk gksrk gS ek\;s vEeh dguk rqedks fdlus fl[kk;k gS\ nknh xjkhaAbZ ge b+I+kQu ls lh[kk gSAmldk iwjk uke D;k gS\bZge uk tkursArSadmuks fe;kosQ ybdk ls nksLrh dj fygys ck; dk js\jkenqykjh dh vkRek xuxuk xbZA

cgw] rqels fdruh ckj dgwfd esjs lkeus xokjksadh ;g kcku u cksyk djksA lqHknzknsohjkenqykjh ij cjl iM+haA

yM+kbZdk eksjpk cny x;kAnwljh yM+kbZosQ fnu FksA blfy, tc MkWDVj Hkxqukjk;.k uhys rsy okys dks ;g irk pyk

fd Vksih us dysDVj lkgc osQ yM+osQ ls nksLrh xkB yh gS rks og viuk xqLlk ih x, vkSj rhljsgh fnu diM+s vkSj 'kDdj osQ ijfeV ys vk,A

ijarqml fnu Vksih dh cM+h nqxZfr24 cuhA lqHknzknsoh rks mlh oDr [kkus dh esk ls mB xbvkSj jkenqykjh us Vksih dks fiQj cgqr ekjkA

rSafiQj t;cs vksdjk ?kjs\

gkAvjs rksgjk gkeas yqdkjk vkxs ekVh feymQA---jkenqykjh ekjrs&ekjrs Fkd xbZA ijarq Vksih us ;g ughadgk fd og b+I+kQu osQ ?kj ugha

tk,xkA eqUuh ckcwvkSj HkSjo mldh oqQVkbZ25 dk rek'kk ns[krs jgsAge ,d fnu ,dks jghe dckcph26 dh nqdku ij dckcks [kkrs ns[kk jgkA eqUuh ckcwus

VqdM+k yxk;kAdckc!jke jke jke! jkenqykjh f?kUuk osQ nks dne ihNs gV xbA Vksih eqUuh dh rjI+kQ ns[kus yxkA

D;ksafd vlfy;r ;g Fkh fd Vksih us eqUuh ckcwdks dckc [kkrs ns[k fy;k Fkk vkSj eqUuh ckcwus mls ,d bdUuh fj'or dh nh FkhA Vksih dks ;g ekywe Fkk ijarqog pqxy[kksj ughaFkkA mlusvc rd eqUuh ckcw dh dksbZckr b+I+kQu osQ flok fdlh vkSj dks ughacrkbZFkhA

rwgEesadckc [kkrs ns[ks jg~;ks\uk ns[kk jgk vksg fnu\ eqUuh ckcwus dgkA

24-cqjh gkyr 25-fiVkbZ 26-dckc cukus okyk


52/62

38 lap;u

rks rqeus mlh fnu D;ksaughacrk;k\ lqHknzknsoh us loky fd;kAb >q_k gS nknh! Vksih us dgkAml fnu Vksih cgqr mnkl jgkA og vHkh bruk cM+k ughagqvk Fkk fd >wB vkSj lp osQ fdLls

esaiM+rkvkSj lPph ckr rks ;g gS fd og bruk cM+k dHkh ughagks ldkA ml fnu rks og brukfiV x;k Fkk fd mldk lkjk cnu nq[k jgk FkkA og cl yxkrkj ,d gh ckr lksprk jgk fd vxj,d fnu osQ okLrs og eqUuh ckcwls cM+k gks tkrk rks le> ysrk mulsA ijarqeqUuh ckcw ls cM+kgks tkuk mlosQ cl esarks Fkk ughaA og eqUuh ckcwls NksVk iSnk gqvk Fkk vkSj muls NksVk gh jgkA

nwljs fnu og tc LowQy esab+I+kQu ls feyk rks mlus mls lkjh ckras crk nhaA nksuksatqxjkfI+kQ;k27dk ?kaVk NksM+dj ljd x,A iape dh nwdku ls b+I+kQu us osQys [kjhnsA ckr ;g gS fd Vksih iQyosQ vykok vkSj fdlh phk dks gkFk ugha yxkrk FkkA

v;lk uk gks ldrk dk dh ge yksx nknh cny ysa] Vksih us dgkA rksgjh nknh gejs?kj vk tk,vmj gejh rksgjs ?kj pyh tk,A gejh nknh r cksfy;ks rwghayksxu dks cks&y&FkhaA

;g ughagks ldrkA b+I+kQu us dgk] vCcw ;g ckr ughaekuasxsA vkSj eq>s dgkuh dkSulquk,xk\ rqEgkjh nknh dks ckjg cqtZdh dgkuh vkrh gS\

rwgEes ,d Bks nkfn;ks uk ns ldR;ks\ Vksih us [kqn vius fny osQ VwVus dh vkokk lquhAtks esjh nknh gSaog esjs vCcwdh vEekHkh rks gSaA b+I+kQu us dgkA

;g ckr Vksih dh le> esavk xbZArqEgkjh nknh esjh nknh dh rjg cw


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Vksih 'kqDyk 39

gh lacak gks pqdk FkkA b+I+kQu osQ nknk thfor gksrs rks og Hkh bl lacak dks fcyoqQy mlh rjgu le> ikrs tSls Vksih osQ ?kjokys u le> ik, FksA nksuksavyx&vyx vkwjs FksA ,d us nwljs dksiwjk dj fn;k FkkA nksuksaI;kls FksA ,d us nwljs dh I;kl cq>k nh FkhA nksuksavius ?kjksaesavtuchvkSj Hkjs ?kj esavosQys FksA nksuksaus ,d&nwljs dk vosQykiu feVk fn;k FkkA ,d cgkj cjl dhFkh vkSj nwljk vkB lky dkA

rksjh nknh dh txg gejh nknh ej xbZgksrhar Bhd Hk;k gksrkA Vksih us b+I+kQu dks iqjlk28

fn;kA

b+I+kQu us dksbZtokc ughafn;kA mls bl ckr dk tokc vkrk gh ughaFkkA nksuksanksLr pqipkijksus yxsA

(3)

Vksih us nl vDrwcj lu~iSarkyhl dks dle [kkbZfd vc og fdlh ,sls yM+osQ ls nksLrhughadjsxk ftldk cki ,slh ukSdjh djrk gks ftlesacnyh gksrh jgrh gSA

nl vDrwcj lu~iSarkyhl dk ;wrks dksbZego ughaijarqVksih osQ vkRe&bfrgkl esablrkjh[k dk cgqr ego gS] D;ksafd blh rkjh[k dks b+I+kQu osQ firk cnyh ij eqjknkckn pys x,Ab+I+kQu dh nknh osQ ejus osQ FkksM+s gh fnuksa ckn ;g rcknyk29 gqvk Fkk] blfy, Vksih vkSj vosQyk

gks x;k D;ksafd nwljs dysDVj BkoqQj gfjuke lg osQ rhu yM+dksa esals dksbZmldk nksLr u culdkA MCcwcgqr NksVk FkkA chyw cgqr cM+k FkkA xqa Fkk rks cjkcj dk ijarqosQoy vaxszkh cksyrkFkkA vkSj ;g ckr Hkh Fkh fd mu rhuksadks bldk ,glkl30 Fkk fd os dysDVj osQ csVs gSaA fdlhus Vksih dks eqg ughayxk;kA

ekyh vkSj pijklh Vksih dks igpkurs FksA blfy, og cxys esapyk x;kA chyw] xqavkSj MCcwml le; fosQV [ksy jgs FksA MCcwus fgV fd;kA xsan lhkh Vksih osQ eqg ij vkbZA mlus ?kcjkdjgkFk mBk;kA xsan mlosQ gkFkksaesavk xbZA

gkmk nSV!gsM ekyh vaik;j FkkA mlus mxyh mBk nhA og cspkjk osQoy ;g le> ldk fd tc ^gkmt

nSV* dk 'kksj gks rks mls mxyh mBk nsuh pkfg,Agwvkj ;w\ MCcw us loky fd;kAcyHkj ujk;uA Vksih us tokc fn;kAgwbk ;ksj I+kQknj\ ;g loky xqa us fd;kA

28-lkaRouk nsuk [email protected] 30- vuqHkwfr


54/62

40 lap;u


55/62

Vksih 'kqDyk 41

Hk`xqujk;.kA,saA chyw us vaik;j dks vkokk nh] bZ fHkjxw ujk;.k dkSu ,s\ ,uh vkWI+kQ voj

pijklhk\ukghalkgcA vaik;j us dgk] lgj osQ elgwj nkxnj gSaA;w ehu MkWDVj\ MCcwus loky fd;kA;l lj! gsM ekyh dks bruh vaxzskh vk xbZFkhAcV gh yqDl lks DyEkhA chywcksykA

,! Vksih vdM+ x;kA ruh tcfu;k lHkky osQ cksyksA ,d yIiM+ esaukps yfxgksAvksg ;w--- chywus gkFk pyk fn;kA Vksih yq


56/62

42 lap;u

rwnlokesaigqp xby ckM+A lhrk us dgk] rwgsanknh ls VjkZo33 osQ r uk u pkghA fdukasmQ rksgkj nknh ckfM+uA

lhrk us rks cM+h vklkuh ls dg fn;k fd og nlosaesaigqp x;k gS] ijarq ;g ckr bruhvklku ughaFkhA nlosaesaigqpus osQ fy, mls cM+s ikiM+ csyus iM+sA nks lky rks og I+ksQy gh gqvkAuosaesarks og lu~mupkl gh esaigqp x;k Fkk] ijarqnlosaesa og lu~ckou esaigqp ldkA

tc og igyh ckj I+ksQy gqvk rks eqUuh ckcwbaVjehfM,V esaI+kQLVZvk, vkSj HkSjo NBs esaA lkjs

?kj us mls kcku dh uksd ij j[k fy;kA og cgqr jks;kA ckr ;g ughaFkh fd og xkmnh

34

FkkAog dkI+kQh rsk Fkk ijarqmls dksbZi


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Vksih 'kqDyk 43

dksbZmldk nksLr ughajg x;k FkkA vkBosaokys nlosaesaFksA lkrosaokys mlosQ lkFk! muosQ chpesaog vPNk&[kklk cw


58/62

44 lap;u

cksk&iz'u

1- b +I+kQu Vksih 'kqDyk dh dgkuh dk egoiw.kZfgLlk fdl rjg ls gS\

2- b +I+kQu dh nknh vius ihgj D;ksatkuk pkgrh Fkha\

3- b +I+kQu dh nknh vius csVs dh 'kknh esa xkus&ctkus dh bPNk iwjh D;ksa ughadj ikb\

4- ^vEeh* 'kCn ij Vk sih osQ ?kjokyksadh D;k izfrfozQ;k gqbZ\

5- nl vDrwcj lu~ iS arkyhl dk fnu Vksih osQ thou esa D;k ego j[krk gS\6- Vksih us b+I+kQu ls nknh cnyus dh ckr D;ksa dgh\

7- iwjs ?kj esa b+I+kQu dks viuh nknh ls gh fo'ks"k Lusg D;ksaFkk\

8- b +I+kQu dh nknh osQ nsgkar osQ ckn Vksih dks mldk ?kj [kkyh&lk D;ksayxk\

9- Vksih vk Sj b+I+kQu dh nknh vyx&vyx etgc vkSj tkfr osQ Fks ij ,d vutku vVwV fj'rs ls cks FksA bldFku osQ vkyksd esa vius fopkj fyf[k,A

10- Vksih uohad{kk esa nks ckj I+ksQy gks x;kA crkb,

(d) kghu gk sus osQ ckotwn Hkh d{kk esa nks ckj I+ksQy gksus osQ D;k dkj.k Fks\

([k) ,d gh d{kk esanks&nks ckj cSBus ls Vksih dks fdu HkkokRed pqukSfr;ksadk lkeuk djuk iM+k\

(x) Vksih dh HkkokRed ijs'kkfu;ksadks esukj j[krs gq, f'k{kk O;oLFkk esa vko';d cnyko lq>kb,\

11- b +I+kQu dh nknh osQ ek;osQ dk ?kj dLVksfM;u esa D;ksapyk x;k\


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60/62

xqjn;ky lg(1933)

iatkc osQ tSrks dLcs esa10 tuojh 1933 dks ,d lkkkj.k nLrdkj ifjokj eas tUesxqjn;ky flag us cpiu esadhyksa] gFkkSM+ksals dke ysrs gq, f'k{kk iwjh dh vkSj dyeidM+hA 1954 ls 1970 rd LowQy esav;kid jgsA igyh dgkuh 1957 esaiapnfj;kif=kdk esaizdkf'kr gqbZA tc dkyst esaizk;kid gq, rks vius gh miU;kli&lcsjsvkSj(vkRedFkk) D;k tkuweSadkSu\


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jkgh eklwe jkk(1927&1992)

jkgh eklwe jkk dk tUe 1 flracj 1927 dks iwohZmkj izns'k osQ xkthiqj osQ xaxkSyhxko esagqvkA mudh izkjafHkd f'k{kk xko esa gh gqbZA vyhx


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fVIi.kh

sanchayan bhag-2

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