Catalonia Institute for Energy Research

Gleisdorf, September 2012 www.irec.cat

ENERGY PRODUCTION COST OF SOLAR THERMAL ENERGY FOR INDUSTRIAL PROCESS IN SPAIN

Motivations

- Mediterranean countries

>1400Wh/m2 year.

- Few large scale solar thermal

systems in southern countries

-Only 4 large scale solar field

running in spain.

-Existing collector database

should be updated and

incorporated energy production

cost.

- New commercial

concentrating technologies.

MOTIVATIONS

>60% high annual solar radiation

Objectives

- Technical and economical

definition of each collector.

- Thermal energy production at

60, 90 and 150C in Barcelona,

Madrid and Sevilla.

-Investment structure for solar

thermal systems.

-Discount manufacturers

policies.

-Solar thermal system

Investment cost of each

collector.

- Energy production cost

OBJECTIVES

4

METHODOLOGY

Commercial data:

Price -collector /m2

-Structure - Installation

accesories

Discounts -Base

-Aditional

2. ECONOMICAL CALCULATION

Investment cost /m2

Technical data:

Collector selection

SIMULATION

3. TECHNICAL CALCULATION

Production kWh/m2

1. SOLAR COLLECTOR

DATA

Production cost /kWh

SUITABLE SOLAR THERMAL

COLLECTORS 4. SUITABLE COLLECTOR SELECTION

5

METHODOLOGY

1. Solar collector data.

Tech details:

- Collector details

- Recommended Working

conditions

- Solarkeymark

Commercial details:

-Prices: Collector, structure and

accessories

-Discounts: Base and additional

Other:

-Design, installation and

operation capacities.

-Previous experiences

6

METHODOLOGY

1. Solar collector data.

-64 different manufacturers contacted.

- Selection of 25 different solar thermal collectors classified by:

Collector type Description Short

name

Stationary collectors

Flat plate collectors

High efficiency flat plate collector.

FPC Low cost flat plate collector

Roof Integrated flat plate collector

Large surface solar collector (S>5m2)

Evacuated tube collectors

Direct flow evacuated tube collector with and without

reflector ETC

Heat pipe evacuated tube collector with and without

reflector

Concentrating collectors

Fresnel Fixed absorber and mobile flat/curved mirrors FC

Parabolic through collectors Fixed absorber and mobile reflector PTC

Other concentrating collectors Mobile absorber and fixed flat/curved mirrors MAC

7

METHODOLOGY

2. Economic calculations.

Economic indicators

Discount policy are considered .

Category Sub-category Economic indicators

Materials Solar thermal collectors

So

lar

field

co

st

(/m

2)

Ins

tall

ati

on

co

st

(/m

2)

Inve

stm

en

t c

ost

(/m

2)

Structures

Collector accessories

Storage

Tubes + heat-exchanger +

pumps

Control system

Installation

Civil work

Engineering

Others Comercialization

Industrial benefits

Permits

Others

8

METHODOLOGY

3. Technical calculations.

Used tools:

Transient System Simulation Tool (TRNSYS)

Solar keymark database

Considered values: Parameter Units Value

Solar azimuth South

Tilt angle Latitud-10

Solar thermal field Nominal Power kWth 1000

Flow Kg/h Solar thermal collector flow

test (Solar Keymark values)

Primary circuit fluid KJ/KgK 3.89

Primary circuit total length m 80

Control system K T

Storage system m3 Not included

Inlet demand circuit Temperature K Tnom

Final T requested K Tnom+5K

9

METHODOLOGY

4. Suitable collector selection.

Energy production cost:

- Based on Levelized energy cost methodology LEC, c/kWh)

- Used values:

Other technical criteria:

Parameter Units Value

Inflation rate T % 3% Discount rate d % 8%

Analyzed period N Years 25 Residual system

value 0

Parameter Related to Desired aspects

Low flow Pipes and other accessories size Reduction of material cost (tube size)

Flow distribution and pressure

losses

Reduction of material cost (pump size) but increase of stagnation

risk.

Collector internal design Parallel connection Reduction of the stagnation risk.

Flow distribution Ensured by specific collector design

Civil works Investment cost Reduction of civil works: Ground cost, roof mounted.

Concentrating technologies have higher civil works cost

Installer and engineering

capacities

Investment cost Reduce installation, engineering and operation cost.

Maintenance and operation

difficulties

Levelized energy cost Reduced n of spare parts, reduce power consumption of the

tracking system and reduced cleaning needs.

10

RESULTS

Investment cost distribution.

Source BCG-

Solair ASIT SOPRO

Solarthermie

2000

Spanish

ESCO

congress

Spanish

real

cases

IDAE IREC

Solar thermal

collectors 24%

30-

40%

24%

48%

25% 24% 20% 27%

Structures 11% 5%

9%

5%

10% 8%

Collector accessories 2% 2%

Storage 10%

30-

40%

24% 11% 24% 10% 26% 11% Tubes +

heatexchange +

pumps

3% 17% 4% 12% 10% 7%

Control system 3% 6% 5% 5% 3% 5% 3%

Civil works 24% 5% 8% 5% 9%

Engineering 3% 14% 10%

18% 5%

Others

10-

15% 1% 3% 2% 2%

Comercializaton 11% 4% 4% 5% 8%

Installation 13%

20-

25% 19% 10% 20% 11% 18%

11

RESULTS

Annual energy production (kWh/m2year)

Manufacturer Collector & type

Heat energy production

-Barcelona-

(kWh/m2year)

Heat energy production

-Madrid-

(kWh/m2year)

Heat energy production

-Sevilla-

(kWh/m2year)

60C 90C 150C 60C 90C 150C 60C 90C 150C

S.O.L.I.D. Gesellschaft fr Solarinstallation und Design GmbH

HT

(FPC)

623 382 64 762 497 113 857 577 144

Robet Bosch Espaa

S. L .U

SKS 4.0

(FPC)

580 293 6 731 406 18 842 482 30

Paradigma Iberica

-Ritter Solar-

CPC 45

(ETC)

1 018 869 558 1 257 1 098 757 1 367 1 205 855

Apricus Solar Co.Ltd APSE-30

(ETC)

745 466 100 904 608 169 1 012 698 205

Industrial Solar GmbH LF-11

(FC)

888 879 858 1 213 1 203 1 180 1 304 1 295 1 272

Tecnologia Solar

Concentradora (TSC)

S.L.

CCStaR 2V

(MAC)

609 586 532 819 794 737 890 866 808

12

RESULTS

Solar thermal economic values: Solar field, installation and investment cost

Manufacturer Collector &

type

Solar Field

cost

(/m2)

Installation

cost

(/m2)

Investment cost /m2

500m2 1000m2 5000m2 10000 m2

S.O.L.I.D. Gesellschaft fr Solarinstallation und Design GmbH

HT

(FPC) 189 232 313 300 294 288

Robert Bosch Espaa

S. L .U

SKS 4.0

(FPC) 257 317 427 410 402 393

Apricus Solar Co., Ltd APSE-30

(ETC) 186 229 309 297 291 285

Paradigma Iberica-Ritter Solar CPC 45

(ETC) 347 426 575 552 541 529

Tecnologia Solar Concentradora

S.L.

CCStaR 2V

(MAC) 518 637 859 825 808 790

Industrial Solar GmbH LF-11

(FC) 635 781 1 054 1 012 991 970

13

RESULTS

Solar thermal energy production cost: Levelized energy cost (LEC c/kWh)

-

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00 A

PSE

-30

(ETC

)

KA

IRO

S X

P 2

.5 V

SOL2

50

(FP

C)

XL

USB

(FP

C)

giga

Sol S

(FP

C)

LF-1

1 (F

C)

DF1

00

(ETC

)

HP

25

0 (E

TC)

Po

lytr

ou

gh 1

80

0

AL1

0 (F

PC

)

FA(3

/6) (

FPC

)

CC

StaR

2V

(M

AC

)

XL1

0 (F

PC

)

GS

(FP

C)

HT

(FP

C)

CP

C 4

5 (

ETC

)

HT-

A 2

8/1

0 (F

PC

)

10

HTF

(FP

C)

VK

F 1

45

V (

FPC

)

VK

F 1

25

(FP

C)

FKC

-2S

(FP

C)

DF3

0 -

30

0 (

ETC

)

HP

30

-30

0 (E

TC)

SKS

4.0

(FP

C)

X1

0T

(PTC

)

Leve

lize

d e

ner

gy c

ost

c

/kW

h

Levelized energy cost(c/kWh) for a 90C working temperature in Madrid depending on the installed solar surface.

POWER

OIL

GAS

Technology LEC

-Barcelona-

c/kWh

LEC

-Madrid-

c/kWh

LEC

-Sevilla-

c/kWh

60C 90C 150C 60C 90C 150C 60C 90C 150C

FPC 2 - 14 5 - 47 > 57 2 - 11 3 - 30 >33 2 - 9 3 - 23 >26

ETC 5 - 12 7 - 15 10 - 42 4 - 10 5 - 12 8 - 25 4 - 9 5 - 11 7 - 21

FC 11 - 12 11 - 12 11 - 12 8 - 9 8 - 9 8 - 9 7 - 8 7 - 8 7 - 8

PTC 11 - 17 12 - 18 13 - 21 8 - 12 9 - 13 9 - 14 8 - 11 8 - 12 9 - 13

MAC 13 - 14 13 - 15 15 - 16 10 - 11 10 - 11 11 - 12 9 - 10 9 - 10 10 - 11

14

CONCLUSIONS

Economic values:

- FPC: installation cost

15

There exists

two

alternatives:

and sun is a

good one But FIESTA is at

night Thanks for you attention!!

Marc Vives

mvives@irec.cat

Acknowledgments

The research was supported by

European Regional Development

Founds (ERDF, FEDER Programa

Competitivitat de Catalunya 2007-

2013) and by the KIC Innoenergy -

EIT project LHI-EE.

mailto:mvives@irec.catmailto:mvives@irec.catmailto:mvives@irec.cat

Board:

Financed by: