source: vatech hydro, austria

DARMSTADTUNIVERSITY OFTECHNOLOGY

Dept. of Electrical Energy ConversionProf. A. Binder 9/1

9. 9. Examples of hydro energy conversionExamples of hydro energy conversion

Source:

VATech Hydro, Austria



Variable speed pump storage power plant



Conventional pump storage power plant withsynchronous motor-generators

Source:

VA Tech, Austria

Kaprun/Austria:

Synchronous motor-generators at fixedsynchronous speed,directly gridoperated

Generator

Peltonturbine



Variable speed pumpstorage power plant

Cyclo-converter

Convertertransformer

Converterbreaker

Stator shortcircuit switch

Generatorcircuit breaker

Linetransformer

Line circuitbreaker

AsynchronousMotor/Generator

SynchronousMotor/Generator

Converterbreaker

Stator shortcircuit switch

Generatorcircuit breaker

Linetransformer

Line circuitbreaker

AC DC

Excitationtransformer

Source:

VA Tech Hydro/Austria

Goldisthal/

Germany

power plant



Variable speed pump storage power plant

Pump storage power plant Goldisthal/Thuringia, Germany:a) Grid operated synchronous Motor/Generator:Data: 331 MVA, 333.3/min, 18 poles, 50 Hz

b) Doubly fed induction motor-generator:Data: 340 MVA, 300 ... 346/min, 18 poles, 50 HzRotor side converter: Cyclo-converter for low frequencyRotor slip: +10% ... 5% slip = max. frequency in rotor 5 Hz

Variable speed pump operation saves energy. At low water flowspeed and power is decreased, at high water flow rate speed isincreased.



Principle of cyclo converter

Four-windingtransformer for

feeding theconverter

Output frequency fout < 50% of input grid frequency, so well suited for low frequencyoperation

Grid side, gridfrequency 50 Hz

A: positive B: negative

current current

Thyristor controlledanti-parallel rectifier

bridges B6C



Output wave form of one leg (phase) of cyclo converterVoltage output: Consists of primary grid voltage at different firing angle to get sine wave

Current output: Winding inductance smootheswave to nearly sinusoidal shape



Synchronous generators for small hydro power



Stator iron core for salient pole synchronous generator

Source:

VA TechHydro,Bhopal,

India

Low speed operating synchronous generator, river power plant

Radialventilation

ducts



Rotor salient pole manufacturing

Source:

VA TechHydro,Bhopal,

India

Massivepolepressingplates

Dove tailrotor pole

Laminationpressed bypressingplates



Completed salient pole synchronous rotor, 8 poles

Source:

VA Tech Hydro,Bhopal, India

Fly wheel to increaserotor inertia to limit

acceleration in case ofload drop

Shaft mounted fan withforward bent radial

blades for rotation inclockwise direction at

fixed speed

Kauli power plant



Stacking round rotor for synchronous generator

Source:


Hydraulic cylinders for pressing rotor ironstack

Rotor cylindrical iron core

8 pole rotor with 72 rotor slot pitches, butonly 48 rotor slots for 24 rotor field coils

- 3 concentric field coils per pole

- 72 rotor round damper bars



Round rotor synchronous machine, 8 poles

Source:


Three field coilsper pole: qr = 3

Damper cage with9 bars per pole

Radial ventilationducts

Glass fibrebandage for fixingrotor coil overhang



Inserting two-layer form wound HV stator coils

Source:


4 polewinding

pitched statorcoils



Completed stator form-wound HV winding

Source:


Stator windingoverhang of two-layer pitched coilwinding

connectingcopper rings forparallelconnection ofstator coils



Stator housing forcylindrical rotor

synchronous machine

Source:


Welded housing for air-air heatexchanger

Housing for stator iron core

stator iron core before being inserted

stator coils before inserting into statorslots

source: vatech hydro, austria

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