Spatial thinking Fundamental spatial concepts atomic elements of spatial reasoning domain-independent? space-independent? lists Union of published lists 130 Relationships specialization/generalization formalization, metrics overlaps with Geospatial technologies Implementations of spatial concepts formalized Legacies 510 procedures in the ArcGIS 9.2 toolkit no organizing principles the potential for a new user interface Technology is becoming transparent in a world of Google Earth what does everyone need to know? Intellectual merit Geographic space is familiar a widespread belief that intuition is sufficient science of the familiar Are there spatial concepts that are not intuitive? and that need to be learned, understood? conditional on education level? what are the fundamental spatial concepts that are not intuitive to undergraduates? in specified discipline? how would you identify a spatial thinker? Other spaces the human brain molecular chemistry the cosmos nanoscience UCSB is spatial