sponges ryan baker, markesh patel p.3
TRANSCRIPT
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SpongesRyan Baker, Markesh Patel
P.3
http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Porifera/Porifera.htm
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PHYLUM
Porifera
Ryan Baker
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EXAMPLES
Azure vase sponge
(Callyspongia plicifera)
http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/azurevase2.html Ryan Baker
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EXAMPLES
Variable Boring Sponge
(Siphonodictyon coralliphagum)
http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/variableboring3.html Ryan Baker
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EXAMPLES
Strawberry Vase Sponge
(Mycale laxissima)
http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/azurevase2.html Ryan Baker
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BODY CAVITY
• Present
• “Spongocoel”
• Water passesthrough pores(“porocytes”)and into thespongocoel
http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html
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FLOW OF WATER
http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html
3) … and out through the osculum (connects spongocel to the environment)
1) Water flows through the porocytes…
2) … into the spongocel…
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BODY SYMMETRY
NONE
• Most sponges are asymmetrical
• However, some may exhibit radial symmetry
Radialor
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NERVOUS SYSTEM
• No nerve or sensory cells (only multicellular animal)
• However: touch/pressure can cause body contraction
NONE
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• No true circulatory system, just water flow & amoebocytes
• Amoebocytes transport nutrients to other cells
http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
• Choanocytes (collar cells) create a water current with flagella to trap food particles and ingest with phagocytosis.
• Amoebocytes digest and transport nutrients.
http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html
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Excretory System
None
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Locomotion/Musculature
-Sessile
-Sponge larvae use tiny hair structures called cilia to swim until they attach to a surface. (few days)
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/CMD/Pics/LeysLarva.jpg
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Skeletal Type
The Body of a Sponge contains 2 layers of cells Mesohyl – A gelatinous part between the layers of cells contains Amoebocytes-carry nutrients to cell/manufacture skeletal fibers# 1 Spicules made from calcium carbonate/silcia# 2 Spongin = more flexible
http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Porif/%20Porifindx.htm
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Sensory Structures/Features
• None/VERY simple• They may close their ostia if there is too
much matter in the water or if it has been touched.
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Reproduction
– All Sponges are Hermaphrodites = male/female and sperm/egg
– Gametes come from choanocytes and amoebocytes. Zygote develops in mesohyl
– Zygote becomes larvae– Cross Fertilization– Asexual reproduction via Gemmules
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Gas Exchange
• Water flow allows for the sponges to obtain oxygen and remove waste.
• They exchange gases mainly by diffusion. (Most efficient way, because they have a large surface area)
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Other Unique Features
• Sponges are known to grow back lost body parts.
• All sponges are aquatic.• Collar cells called choanocytes are only
found in these kinds of animals.• They are the only animal to use silicon as
a support structure.• They are suspension feeders, meaning
they capture small food particles suspended in the water.
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Question #1
Porifera are the only phylum that do not
have a(n):
a) Digestive systemb) Nervous system
c) Skeletal system
d) Circulatory system
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Question #1
Porifera are the only phylum that do not
have a(n):
a) Digestive systemb) Nervous system
c) Skeletal system
d) Circulatory system
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Question #2
Which of these systems DO Porifera truly have?
a) Excretory systemb) Nervous system
c) Skeletal system
d) Circulatory system
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Question #2
Which of these systems DO Porifera truly have?
a) Excretory systemb) Nervous system
c) Skeletal system
d) Circulatory system
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Question #3
Identify the structure in the picture:
a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte
c) Porocyte
d) Osculum
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Question #3
Identify the structure in the picture:
a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte
c) Porocyte
d) Osculum
![Page 25: Sponges Ryan Baker, Markesh Patel P.3](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051014/55157b9455034685568b64a0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Question #4
Identify the structure in the picture:
a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte
c) Porocyte
d) Osculum
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Question #4
Identify the structure in the picture:
a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte
c) Porocyte
d) Osculum