suspension hoisting

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Balfour Beatty ConstructionBalfour Beatty Construction

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTCONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

SUSPENSIONSUSPENSION

& RIGGING& RIGGING

SUSPENSION HOISTINGSUSPENSION HOISTING& RIGGING& RIGGING

The Qualified & Certified (Forklift) OperatoThe Qualified & Certified (Forklift) Operator r (Employer Certification)(Employer Certification)

..

(i) Operator Training(i) Operator Training

(3) Training program content(3) Training program content

11 -- General OperationGeneral Operation

22 -- Machine Specific OperationMachine Specific Operation

33 -- Site ConditionsSite Conditions44 -- Proficiency DemonstrationProficiency Demonstration

-- etra n ng as n cateetra n ng as n cate

(6) Certification. The employer shall certify that each operator has been trained and(6) Certification. The employer shall certify that each operator has been trained and

evaluated as required by this paragraph (l). The certification shall include the name of theevaluated as required by this paragraph (l). The certification shall include the name of the

operator, the date of the training, the date of the evaluation, and the identity of theoperator, the date of the training, the date of the evaluation, and the identity of the

person(s) performing the training or evaluation. person(s) performing the training or evaluation.

Note Note: Machine and Operator must be Licensed in DC: Machine and Operator must be Licensed in DC



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Trained / Certified Operator?

Apparently Skilled Operators, but following Safe Operating Procedures??



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Tandem Forklift pic??

Suspension HoistingSuspension HoistingAdvantagesAdvantages(to forklift suspension(to forklift suspension--hoisting in lieu of cranehoisting in lieu of crane--hoisting)hoisting)

2 fer 12 fer 1 – – Can lift from below i.e. “fork lift”Can lift from below i.e. “fork lift” and and

from above i.e. “suspension hoist.”from above i.e. “suspension hoist.”

Can maneuver in tight locations and on roughCan maneuver in tight locations and on roughterrain.terrain.

Eliminates need for additional hoisting equipmentEliminates need for additional hoisting equipment

such as small Rough Terrain (RT) or Carrysuch as small Rough Terrain (RT) or Carry--Deck Deck

type cranes.type cranes.



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CarryCarry--Deck CraneDeck Crane

Suspension HoistingSuspension Hoisting

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

Must carry forks much higher to have load suspendedMust carry forks much higher to have load suspended

below forks versus load being fork below forks versus load being fork--lifted from beneath.lifted from beneath.

Deceptively changes perceived Center of Gravity.Deceptively changes perceived Center of Gravity.

Operators tend to forget this and not think as if load is onOperators tend to forget this and not think as if load is on

forks even thou h often sus ended far below.forks even thou h often sus ended far below.

Overturning of Forklift while suspension hoisting/carryingOverturning of Forklift while suspension hoisting/carrying

a load is not unusual.a load is not unusual.

Load radius is increased with lifting boom.Load radius is increased with lifting boom.



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Load -

Side to Side Stability?

Swing /Sway Of Load?

Device - Increased

Center Of

Gravity?

Radius / Weight?

••Center of GravityCenter of Gravity – – Must consider as though load is on forks.Must consider as though load is on forks.

•• “Load Sway” creates potential for side loading and increased radius. “Load Sway” creates potential for side loading and increased radius.

••Lower load by lowering boom can significantly increase radius.Lower load by lowering boom can significantly increase radius.

••Fork Fork--mounted lifting beams increase radius and load weight, and mustmounted lifting beams increase radius and load weight, and mustbe factored into load weight and capacity calculations.be factored into load weight and capacity calculations.

Operator of this forklift attempted to “jump free”…Operator of this forklift attempted to “jump free”…



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… and was nearly crushed by the overhead/rollover protection structure.… and was nearly crushed by the overhead/rollover protection structure.

OperatorOperator jumped - fell here.fell here.(Not wearing seat(Not wearing seat--belt)belt)



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Disadvantages continued.Disadvantages continued.


, ., .

Difficult to steady load without two tagDifficult to steady load without two tag--lineslines

or load “bridled” (guyed) to forklift frame.or load “bridled” (guyed) to forklift frame.

Employees attempting to steady load areEmployees attempting to steady load are

exposed to struck exposed to struck--by injury from the load by injury from the loadand/or the forklift.and/or the forklift.

Chain Knot?NOT!

Off Off--CenterCenterLoadingLoading

Off Off--Center loading, no positive connection and no tag line and worker exposedCenter loading, no positive connection and no tag line and worker exposed



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Single Web Sling – Can chafe/cut sling – Load can roll side-to side



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Disadvantages continued.Disadvantages continued.


R gg ng to or (s) can:R gg ng to or (s) can:

damage riggingdamage rigging

place torsion (twisting) force on the place torsion (twisting) force on the

boom when fork(s) are not centered. boom when fork(s) are not centered.

risk rigging and load slipping off risk rigging and load slipping off fork(s) if not positively secured to thefork(s) if not positively secured to the

fork(s) or mast.fork(s) or mast.



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Short,eye & eye,wire-rope

sling



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Fork Damaged Web Slings



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Nice HeavyNice Heavy--Duty Chain SlingsDuty Chain Slings

Not likely to be damaged, andNot likely to be damaged, and

“mean lean”“mean lean” upup on fork tips,on fork tips,

but…but…

Not positively attached, andNot positively attached, and

Not rigged to centerNot rigged to center.

Plan B X

Plan A



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Better: Centered fork, short slings, folks tipped-up, but…not positively attached.

Off-Center Loading



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Poor Suspension Hoisting Practices are not Limited to Forklifts

No Latch

No Latch

No Latches



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SuspensionSuspension

HoistingHoistingExample of Example of GoodGood RiggingRigging

Methods for HoeMethods for Hoe--HoistingHoisting

equipment.equipment.

Note: Note:

••Hardware (for hard wear)Hardware (for hard wear)

••Closed padClosed pad--eye on bucketeye on bucket

••All positive attachmentAll positive attachmentconnectionsconnections



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Generally good rigging method, but attachment point (back Generally good rigging method, but attachment point (back--rest) may notrest) may notbe strong enough for capacity loadsbe strong enough for capacity loads

Beefy, but shopBeefy, but shop--made? Engineered and marked with weight and capacity?made? Engineered and marked with weight and capacity?



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Best Practice OptionsBest Practice Options

For For

roper gg ng ev cesroper gg ng ev cesMay Include:May Include:



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Latching Safety Hook (versus sorting hook)necessary for “high-

hoisting.”

Positive connectionStructural memberClose to center

when not in use.

Taper of forkscou a owdevice toloosen.



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Safety Attachment



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…One of These.

Bottom Line: Proper Forklift Suspension-Hoisting, or…

BBC SUSPENSION-HOISTING POLICY

No rigging may be directly attached to the forks (tines) of a forklift (Powered

Industrial Truck) or the teeth of an earthmoving equipment bucket for the

purpose of suspension-hoisting or “Free-Rigging.” (see OSHA Letter of

Interpretation - October 22, 1999 regarding “Free-Rigging” )

Rigging used for suspension hoisting must be positively attached to the equipment

or to a purpose-designed, suspension-hoisting device with hardware (shackles,

latched safety hooks, etc.) at all connection points.

Fork-mounted suspension-hoisting devices must be engineered for use with the

intended forklift, and have a load-chart specifically designed for the device.

uspen e oa we g s mus e nown y e pera or o e w n e capac y

of the equipment in its current configuration. (e.gs. charted capacity, engineered

lift)

An Activity Hazard Analysis must be submitted to Balfour Beatty, and

authorization to proceed given by Balfour Beatty Project Supervision/Safety prior

to complex or unusual suspension-hoisting.

suspension hoisting

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