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^ SVOBODA r a i n i a n W e e l c l( P UB L I S H E D BY T H E U K R A I N I A N N A T I O N A L A S S O C I A T I O N I N C , A F RA T E R NA L N O N - P R O F I T A S S O C I A T I O N - C-j . x CO ^3: 23 - > 'S I -t .

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Vol L No. 17 T H E U K R A I N I A N W E E K L Y S U N D A Y , A P R I L 2 5 , 1 9 8 2 2 5 cent s

PROGRAMof th e30th REGULAR CONVENTIONof theUKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

to be held at theHotel Genesee Plaza/Holiday InnRochester, N.Y.beginning May 24 , 19829 a.m.

--"`1. Opening of convention2. Report of Credentials Committee3. Election:.a) convention chairman, two vice-chairmen, two secretariesb) 11-member Election Committeec) five-member Committee on Petitions4. Appointment of Press Committee5. Reports of UN A supreme officers:Supreme President John O. FlisSupreme Vice President Dr. Myron KuropasSupreme Director for Canada Sen. Paul YuyzkSupreme Vice Presidentess Mary DushnyckSupreme Secretary Walter SochanSupreme Treasurer Ulana DiachukSupreme Organizer Wasyl Orichowsky6. Report of UNA Auditing Committee and members:John HewrykBohdan FuteyProf. John TelukVery Rev. Stephan Bilak

Dr. Bohdan Hnatiuk7. Reports of Supreme Advisors:Anatoly DoroshenkoTekla MorozAndrew JulaAskold LozynskyjTaras SzmagalaAnna HarasHelen OlekWasyl DidiukJohn OdezynskyMyroslaw KalbaMykola ChomanczukRoman KuropasMychajlo SorokaEugene Repeta8. Report of Svoboda Editor-in-Chief Zenon Snylyk9. Discussion on reports and their acceptance10. Report of By-Laws Committee, discussion and resolutions11. Report of Financial Committee and determination on bonding and salaries of paid supreme officers.12. Merger of UN A and U FA (discussion on merger must be held beforesecond voting on election of supreme officers) . Election of supreme officers of UN A14. Report of Petitions Committee, discussion and resolutions15. Resolutions and recommendations for the well-being of the organization16. Miscellaneous17. Adjournment

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UNA executives finalize program,approve delegates to conventionG e o r g e B u s h t o a d d r e s s c o n c l a v e

JERSEY CITY, N.J. - The UN ASupreme Executive Committee meeting here in a special session convened bythe' supreme president, as provided inthe UNA By-Laws adopted the program of the 30th Regular UNA C onvent ion, approved the delegates to theconvention and their alternates, andappointed five delegates each to threeconvention com mittees: credentials, bylaws and financial.The executives announced at themeeting that Vice President GeorgeBush had accepted the UN A's invitationto attend the convention and that hewould address the delegates during theFriday, May 28, session.The meeting, held at the UN A headquarters on April 14, was attended byall supreme executives: Supreme President John O. Flis, Supreme Vice President Dr. Myron B. Kuropas, SupremeDirector for Canada Sen. Paul Yuzyk,Supreme Vice President Mary Dushnyck, Supreme Secretary WalterSochan, Supreme Treasurer UlanaDiachuk and Supreme Organizer WasylOrichowsky.

Svoboda's editor-in-chief, ZenonSnylyk, was also present during aportion of the deliberations.The first item on the agenda of thespecial session chaired by Mr. Flis wasthe approval of the convention delegates and alternates. The complete listof these persons was published in theApril 22 issue of the Ukrainian-language Svoboda daily.The supreme officers then proceededto delineate the program of the con vention, including the agenda of businesssessions, the program of the concertslated for Sunday, May 23, and that ofthe convention banquet which is to takeplace dn"Thursday evening, May .Members were then appointed to theconvention com mittees in keeping withthe UNA By-Laws stipulation that themembers of each committee must befrom different states.Both the con vention program and thelist of convention committee membersare published beginning on this page, onthe left.At this special meeting, the Supreme

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U N A r a i s e s 5 2 2 , 0 0 0 f o r P o l a n d ' s U k r a i n i a n sJERSEY CITY, N .J. - The UN Ahad raised over 522 ,000 as of April 16forthe U.S. Ukrainian Catholic Church'scampaign to aid needy Ukrainians inPoland, reported Supreme TreasurerUlana Diachuk.The total - S22.705.20 - is expectedto climb over the 525,000 mark shortly,she said.Of this sum, S 10,000 was donated bythe UNA out of its Emergency Fund,which is earmarked for use in crisissituations. The Ukrainian minority inPoland, lon g a target of repression, hasbeen hard hit by that country's economic stagnation which has resulted insevere shortages of food, fuel andclothing.The other S12.705.20 comes fromdonations received by the UN A mainoffice from individual UN A members,branches and district committees.The sum does not include contributions by UN A members and branchesdonated to local parishes or sent directlyto the Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchyin Philadelphia.The UNA'S actions are in response toa January appeal by U.S. UkrainianCatholic hierarchs asking Ukrainianorganizations and the Ukrainian community to raise funds to "help ourbrothers and sisters who extend theirweary hands to us from across theocean."

On January 12, shortly after theChurch leaders' appeal, the UNA Supreme Executive Committee met anddecided to support the campaign. Asidefrom donating the S 10,000, the UNAexecutive issued an appeal to its members to support the Church's efforts bycontributing monies to the UN A officesfor distribution, or directly to thearcheparchy.The UNA'S Emergency Fund wascreated by the UN A Supreme Assemblyin May 1960. It is designated primarilyfor the defense of freedom, the rescue ofUkrainian lives and relief to victims ofnational disaster.UNA'ers contribute to the fund byendorsing their dividend checks andreturning them to the UN AIn addition to the Emergency Funddonation, UNA executives, as well asemployees at the organization's mainoffices and the Svoboda Press kicked inan even SI,000.Of the m onies collected as of April 16,S10.521.10 has been sent by check to thePhiladelphia Metropolitanate offices,while 58,388 has gone toward 309 foodparcels which were sent to 90 priests andnuns in Poland for distribution.The metropolitanate has reportedthat it has already received messages ofappreciation from Ukrainian recipientsof the much-needed aid.\^

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2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 25 , 19 82 Na 17

Sources identify 12 dissidentsarrested in recent Moscow sweepMOSCOW - Five of the 12 dissidents arrested here on April 6 wereRussian Orthodox activists and onlyo n e , underground editor Gleb Pavlov-sky, could be considered a prominentdissident figure. East/West News haslearned.In all the KGB is said to have searchedthe homes of over SO suspected activists,including samizdat publishers andreaders, during what Soviet sourcescalled a highly unusual sweep. According to East/West News, operations ofthis scale are not usually conducted inMoscow itself.The five Christians arrested areViktor Burdyug, 36, Sergei Budarov,3 6 , Nikolai Blokhin, 37, AleksanderSidorov, 36, and Sergei Bychkov.Authorities reportedly seized icons,bibles and religious literature from theirhomes.Authorities have not yet announcedformal charges, but it is believed thatthe five will be charged with some formof anti-Soviet activity.Although none of the five RussianOrthodo x activists has ever beenarrested, they have worked quietly onbehalf of their faith for some time.Messrs. Burdyug, Budarov, Blokhinand Sidorov signed two collectiveletters in 1977 in defense of AleksanderArgentov, an Orthodox Christian forcibly committed to a psychiatric institution for his religious beliefs.Mr. Sidorov, once an ardent memberof the Communist Party, became involved in samizdat publication after adramatic conversion to Christianityseveral years ago.The other arrested Christian activist,

Mr. Bychkov, once collaborated withS o v i e t a u t h o rin th e s o up

MOSCOW - Soviet poet andessayist Vladimir A. Soloukhin, amuch-respected bard and a faithfulmember of the Communist Party forover 30 years, got a bit carried awayby the muse recently and, perhapspotvaliant with the heady draught ofsecurity enjoyed by those coddled byofficialdom, suggested ever so timidlythat perhaps there is, after all, a Godoverseeing the universe.Well, the cushy mantle of officialfavor has suddenly evaporated,leaving the poor poet naked to thebarbs of an aroused Communistestablishment. His name has alreadybeen vilifed b y several official mouthpieces, including the journal Kom-munist which accused Mr. Soloukinof writing on "mystic subjects."So just what did the beleaguredpoet say to create such a stew? Well,in an essay published in the literarymonthly Nash Sovremennik Mr. So-loukhin hinted that there might bemore to life than can be explained bythe rigid enets of scientific socialism,and that to deny the existence of ahigher reason would be to argue thatsuch "complicated and precise organisms as a flower, a bird, a humanbeing, and, finally, a human brain,appeared at random the result of alucky, blind and unprogrammedcombination of chemical elements.""In the 20 th century," he went on,"there is no doubt for every reasonable person that a supreme reason exists in the world, in the universe, in life."

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other activists and wrote a letter indefense of then-imprisoned Orthod oxpriest Dmitri Dudko.While sources say that the latestdissident round-up is not tied directly toany other cases currently pending in theSoviet court system, the arrest of Mr.Pavlovsky brings to four the number ofpersons associated which the samizdatjournal Pryzhov who are or have beendetained by authorities.Before his arrest, Mr. Pavlovsky wasan editor of the clandestine journal, asuccessor to the underground magazinePoiski, which ceased publication in1 9 7 9 .Three former editors of Pryzhov,Valery Abramkin, Yuri Grimm andViktor Sokirko, were apprehended in1 9 8 0 , accused of willfully disseminatingslanderous materials and sentenced.Messrs. Abramkin and Grimm gotthree years in a labor camp, while Mr.Sokirko received a three-year suspended term after be reportedly recanted.Also arrested during the crackdownwere Paul Kudyukin and Andrei Sadih.Only th e family names of th e four othersare known at this time.'They include:Chernitsky, Kagarlitsky, Khavkin andKrokhin.Reporting on the arrests from Munich, Radio Liberty said that they were"quite unusual." The station also saidthat some of those arrested were involved in an anonymous interviewgranted to L'Alternative, a left-wingFrench publication which recentlyprinted comments of several samizdatauthors.It is also believed that some of thosearrested are members of SMOT, an

unofficial free trade union.P o l i c e a r r e s tS o v i e t f e m i n i s t

LEN INGR AD, U.S.S.R. - NataliaLazareva, a member of Club Maria, afeminist-religious group based here,was arrested on March 13, reportedKeston N ews.M s . Lazareva, 35, was taken intocustody after two West German touristswere detained and interrogated bySoviet au thorities. It is believed that thetwo were carrying samizdat docum entsto the West which means that Ms.Lazareva could face serious charges of"anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda."In January 1 9 8 1 , she w a s sentenced to10 months' imprisonment after beingfound guilty of using forged docum entsand slandering the Soviet system in anarticle which appeared in the magazineWomen and Russia.Club M aria, which helped publish themagazine, was founded on RussianOrthodox principles, and is concernedexpressly with the role of women andchildren in Soviet society.Soviet authorities intensified theircampaign against the group severalyears ago when a n article in Women a n dRussia urged Soviet wom en to persuade

their husbands and sons to go to prisonrather than fight in Afghanistan.Three editors of the magazine Tatiana Mamonova, a poet, TatianaGoricheva and Natalia Malakhovskaya,a philologist were expelled from theSoviet Union on July 20, 1980, one dayafter the last issue of the magazine wasreleased and shortly before the start ofthe Moscow Summer Olympics.In the spring of 1981, Natalia Save-lieva, a- 24^year-old club member, wasordered confined in a psychiatric clinicnear Leningrad.

C a p i t o l H i l l : a p o p u l a r h a n g o u t -f o r S o v i e t c l o a k - a n d - d a g g e r a g e n t s

WASHIN GTON - Soviet embassy officials, some known KGBagents, frequently entertain congressmen, legislative aides and staffworkers in attempts to obtain information, and many openly attendpublic hearings and get access tovaluable data through the Freedomof Information Act..In an article which appeared in theApril 13 issue of the PhiladelphiaInquirer, Howie Kurtz explores therelationship between U.S. lawmakers and Soviet officials, as wellthe Soviet's penchant for takingadvantage of th e openness of Am erican government and American society to obtain potentially usefulinformation."All over Capitol Hill, SovietEmbassy officials are collectingdocuments, attending hearings, talking to members of Congress andcultivating committee staff workers,"writes Mr. Kurtz, "as part ofan intense but rarely publicized effortto gather intelligence."Several of these officials, according to the author, are identified inI S. intelligence files as agents forthe KGB and the GRU, the Sovietmilitary intelligence agency.The Justice Department estimatesthat there are over 200 Soviet andSoviet-bloc intelligence agents in thenation's capital. Congress is a primary target for operations because,with more than 18,000 staff workers,hordes of lobbyists and reporters, aconstant parade of expert witnesses,reams of government documents andscores of potential security leaks,Capitol Hill is fertile ground forgathering intelligence information.According to the FBI, the Sovietskeep a record of every person theyapproach in Congress and makecareful assessments of how each onecan be useful. Som e of these contactscan later be cultivated as possiblesources of highly secret, classifiedinformation, while others may unwittingly provide useful politicalinformation such as what top policymakers really think about certainissues.

In the article, Mr. Kurtz providesseveral examples of Soviet presenceon Capitol Hill, some of them ratherstartling.In September 1981, for example, aSoviet diplomat walked into theoffice of Rep. David F. Emery (R-Maine) and asked for the congressman's public statements on his alter

nate plan for deploying the MXmissile. When Rep. Emery's legislative aide, John Rabb, asked who hew a s . the man identified himself asYuriy Leontov. Mr. Rabb told h i m t oleave the office and telephoned theFBI. Sure enough, Mr. Rabb identified a photograph of Mr. Leontovand was told that his visitor was anagent for the GRU."I couldn't believe he was sobrazen about it," Mr. Rabb latersaid. "Their activities a re vastly morepervasive than the average personwould suspect. They offer y o u hockeytickets, they want to establish arelationship with you. They're verypolished, very Westernized, and nocontact is totally innocuous."

Another example cited by Mr.Kurtz: On January 9a small group ofAmerican scholars specializing inKorean affairs held an unpublicizedluncheon with a State Departmentofficial. Members of the group passedaround a sign-up sheet and wereastonished to find that the lastsignature belonged to Georgiy Zag-vozdin of th e Soviet Embassy, who isnamed in intelligence files as a KGBagent. One of the scholars pointedout Mr. Zagvozdin and asked for hisview on N orth Korean affairs. Therewas a long silence; Mr. Zagvozdinrefused to answer.R e p . Don Ritter (R-Pa.) said hewas visited last year by Soviet Embassy counselor Sergei C hetverikov,whom intelligence files identify as a ,K G B agent. T h e congressman said heinvited two staffers along and m oved

the meeting to the C apitol Hill Club."I didnt want to be alone with theman in my office," he said. "He wastrying to cultivate me. That's hisj o b . "In another instance adduced byMr. Kurtz, FBI Director William H.Webster was telling the Seriate sub-'committee on security and terrorismon February 4 about the growing'number of hostile spies in the UnitedStates. He said that 30 to 40 percentof the approximately 600 Soviet-blocdiplomats, correspondents and tradeofficials here have responsibilities forgathering intelligence.Mr. Webster then told Sen. Jeremiah Denton (R-Ala.): "It might beof interest to the chairman to knowthat this morning there was anofficial of the Soviet Embassy present at these hearings."Several congressmen and con-

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U k r a i n i a n W e e MFOUNDED 1933

Ukrainian weekly newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., afraternal non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery S t . , Jersey City NJ 07302(The Ukrainian Weekly - USPS 570-870)The Weekly and Svoboda:(201) 434 -0237, 434 -0807(212) 227-4125Yearly subscription rate: S8. UNA members - J5 .

UNA (201) 451-2200(212) 227-5250Postmaster, send address changes to:THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLYP .O B o x 3 4 6Jersey City . NJ 0730 3

Edi tor Roma Sochan HadzewyczAssociate ed itor George Bohdan ZaryckyAssistant editor Marta Kolomayets

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No . 17 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 25 , 1 9 8 2

Encyclopedia project gets f 100,000

Saskatchewan's Attorney General Ro y Romanow (left) presents a check in th eamount of SIOO,OOO to Dr. Draytro Cipywnyk, president of the UkrainianCanadian Com mittee u Saskatchewan council. The provincial government moneywill be used to defray some of the costs of publishing an English-languageencyclopedia of Ukraine.

SASKATOON , Sask. - T h e Saskatchewan p rov inc ia l government hasawarded a grant of S'00,000 to theprovince's council of the UkrainianCanadian Committee to cover part ofthe printing costs of the second volumeof a f ou r -vo lume Eng l i sh - languageencyclopedia of Ukraine.The grant will be used to offset theS200.000 cost of producing the volume,according to Dr. Dmytro Cipywnyk,Saskatchewan council president.The money came in response to aJanuary brief to the cabinet, whichrequested help to upgrade post-secondary Ukrainian education, such as theestablishment of full-time positions inthe department of Slavic studies at theUniversity of Saskatchewan. The sponsorship of the second volume of theencyclopedia was also suggested.Work on the preparation, translationand publication of the four-volume set

began in of 1977 with three organizers,Dr. Cipywnyk said.The Shevchenkb Scientific Society inEurope organized a team of scholars towrite the books, the Canadian Instituteof Ukrainian studies is meeting preparat i on and t rans la t i on cos t s , and theCanadian Foundation for UkrainianStudies is meeting publication costs."This grant is the first installment to amore complete realization of the goalsthe brief set out," said Saskatchewan'sAttorney General Roy Romanow, uponpresenting the check to Dr. Cipywnyk.The first volume of the encyclopedia,costing about S 170,000 to produce, willbe available late this year, Dr. Cipywnyk said. All funds raised for publication costs, including the Saskatchewangrant, go to the Canadian Foundationfor Ukrainian Studies based in Edmonton.

East-bloc politics, economics discussedby Dr. Walter Dushnyck

NEW HAVEN , Conn. - A symposium on "Politics and Economics in theEast Blo c," held on April 14 as part ofthe Political Science Forum at SouthernConnecticut State College here, wasattended by over SO students.Taking part in the program were fourspecialists who discussed various aspects of the topic. They were: Prof.John M. Carfora of the London Schoolof Eco nom ics, who discussed Sovietpolitics; Ellsworth Raym ond, professoremeritus of the departm ent of politicsat New York University, who talked onthe subject of Soviet econ"omic problems; Dr. Walter Dushnyck, editor ofThe Ukrainian Quarterly, who spoke onthe situation in Ukraine today; andProf. Paul J. Best of the political sciencedepartment at Southern ConnecticutState College, who discussed Polandafter December 1981.Prof. Carfora gave a general reviewof Soviet pol i t ics , centering on theproblem of Soviet leadership in connection w ith ailing President Leonid Brezhnev; he also dwelled on the economicand industrial difficulties of the USSR.

Prof. Raymond , who had spen tconsiderable time in the Soviet Union,discussed the economic problems of theUSSR an d said that eco nom ic life in theUSSR is in a chao tic state due to a lackof managerial cadres, party mismanage

ment, bribes and the lack of personalincentives for the working classes. Theoverwhelming military expenditures ofthe Soviet government are made at theexpense of consumer goods, he said.Before intioducing Dr. Dushnyck,Prof. Best stated tha t one of the perennialweaknesses of the Soviet system is thepresence of the huge non-Russiannations among which the most important is Ukraine, because of its prepon derant economic and industrial resources,large population and its strategic position.Dr. Dushnyck discussed the presentsituation in Ukraine, including Russifi-cation, persecution of religion, destruc-

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Ukrainians in Poland respond:'we, too, have someone who cares"PHIL ADE LPH IA - Letters ofgratitude have started to trickle in tothe-Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchyhere from Ukrainians in Polandthanking the Church for its camp a i g n t o p r o v i d e m o n e t a r y a n dmaterial aid to needy Ukrainians in

t h a t e c o n o m i c a l l y h a r d - p r e s s e dcountry.The campaign was launched lastJanuary when the U.S. UkrainianCatholic hierarchs issued an appealto the Ukrainian community andUkra in ian organ iza t i ons t o he lppoor Ukrainians in Poland.The first shipments of aid beganarriving in Poland in early April.Distr ibution of the aid is beingoverseen in Po land by some 90priests and nuns in 37 localities.Typical of all the letters receivedby the Philadelphia Archeparchy isthe expression of appreciation by therecipients, and the comfort they feel'knowing that they have not beenforgotten.As one wri ter put i t : "Pleaseexpress the heartfelt thanks of ourfaithful to all those who contributeda donation."A 73-year-old crippled priest whohas been receiving mon thly financialaid equivalent to some S10,writes: "When I had a parish, I alsohad access to a small garden and,more im portantly, the owners wouldnot let me go hungry. Now I havenothing save for God's mercy whichmay touch a compassionate heartand induce it to somehow help me."One letter-writer even expressedsome astonishment at receiving theassistance. "These packages come asa surprise, especially because no onehad talked about them," the lettersaid. "We are somewhat shocked bythe parcels."

The writer went on to say that theaid parcels "are a great help incurrent circumstances," and providemoral as well as material support."The Roman Cathol ic Church isconstantly get t ing help from theWest ," the let ter read. "This aid(from the Ukrainian Catholic Church)is really important because it showsthat we, too, have someone whocares for us."The letter said that Poland's U-krainians are "proud of the fact thatthey are being remembered andhelped."Thus far, over 575,000 has beenraised by the archeparchy fromindividual donations and contributions by large Ukrainian organizations.

T h e U N A ( h e a d q u a r t e r s a n dbranches) as of April 16, haschipped in over S22.000, while theProvidence Association of Ukrainian Catholics and its branches havegiven a total of ust o ver SI 0,000 as ofMarch 31. The Stamford Eparchyhas donated 55,000 and the Ukrainian Fraternal Association, 52,500.The Minersville, Pa., chapter of theLeague of Ukra in ian Ca th o l i c spitched in with S 1,000, as did theSelf-Reliance Credit Union of NewYork. Close to S30.000 has beencollected at Ukrainian Cathol icpar i shes . In add i t i on , the a rcheparch y has received over S3,600fromindividual do nations.

The first shipment of goo ds -weighing som e 40,000 po unds - leftVienna for Poland on April 5. TheUkrainian C hurch being assisted ini ts effor ts in Europe by Cari tasInternationalis, an internationalCatholic charitable organization.

Polovchak's cousin sues fo r custodyCH ICA GO - The first cousin of 14-year-old Walter Polovchak filed suit onApril 16 in Circuit Court here seekinglegal custo dy of the bo y just several daysafter Walter's father, Michael Polovchak, returned from the Soviet Union toresume his fight for custody, reportedthe Chicago Tribune.Walter is under the temporary legal

custody of the Illinois Department ofChildren and Family Services and isliving with a foster family.He has been the subject of state andfederal cou rt actio ns since 1980, whenhe and his sister, N atalie, ran away fromtheir parents after learning of theirplans to return to the Soviet Union.On Thursday, April 15, attorneys forthe teenager filed a separate suit infederal court, asking that the boy'sparents be barred permanently fromforcing Walter's return to the USSR.

Rep. Waxman: link grain sales and rightsWASH IN GTON - The present law

governing the sale of grain to the So vietUnion will be amended if Rep. Henry A.Waxm an (D-Calif.) has his way, reported East/West News.Rep. Waxman is proposing that forevery 100 bushels of wheat the UnitedStates sells to the Soviet Union, theSoviets must grant one exit visa for aSoviet citizen who desires to be reunited with his family outside theUSSR.Rep. Waxman told East/ West Newsthat the time is right and that there is a

possibility of amending the law."Some U.S. congressmen in the pasthave been reluctant to support a grainembargo of the Soviet Union," saidRep. Waxman, "because it either hurtsthe American farmers or denies food toSoviet citizens.""We do nt restrict or refuse the sale ofwheat," the congressman continued."All we do is dramatize the failure of theSoviet Union to live up to its treatyobligations which are supposed to permittree emigration."

The suit accused the parents of attem pting to "undermine his resolve" toremain in this cou ntry and asserted thaithrough "baseless litigation," they havecaused him to suffer "extreme emotiona l, psychological and mental stress,"reported the Tribune.In his suit, the first cousin, 26-year-old Water Polowczak, accuses Walter'sfather of paranoia and irrational behavior, and charges him with involvement with the KGB, the Soviet secretpolice.Regarding the petition's charge ofparanoia, it says that Michael Polovchak claims that threats were madeagainst his life and that his son had beendrugged and kidnapped by the CentralIntelligence Agency.The suit also states that the fatherslept with a knife under his pillow, thathe attacked Walter on one occasion,threatened to kill his nephew and oncechased his wife wielding an axe.The pe t i t i on fu r the r s t a tes tha tWalter's parents were not involved inhis life, and that his father had beenengaged in extramarital affairs.It also states that Walter has adjustedto life in the United States and that hewould be punished for his defection if heis returned to the Soviet Union.The Polovchaks came to the UnitedStates on Ja nua ry 6, 1980, as refugees,but returned on August 14, 1981, without Walter and his sister. Walter wasgranted religious asylum by the U.S.government, and his sister had her own

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4 THE UKRA INIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 25 , 1982 No. 17

UNA distr ict co m m ittees meetNew York

NEW YORK - The annual meetingof the New York UNA District Committee was held at the Ukrainian Na tional Home here on April 1, with 44branch representatives and supremeofficers present.The chairman of the New YorkDistrict Committee, Mykola Choman-czuk, who is also a UNA supremeadvisor, opened the meeting and greeted supreme officers Vice PresidentMary Dushnyck, Organizer WasylOr ichowsky and Advisor Asko ldLozynskyj, as well as Honorary UNAMember and Fo rmer UNA PresidentJoseph Lesawyer and former UN AAuditor Iwan Wynnyk.Wolodymyr Lewenetz, a Svobodaeditor, and Olena Hentisz and StepanChuma of the Svoboda Press were welcomed. The chairman then welcomedZenobia Zarycky, new secretary ofBranch 327, and Roman Forostyna,new secretary of Branch 293.

During a moment of silence, tributewas paid to the late Michael Saldan,Andronik Kopystiansky, EvstakhyManacky, Hilary Zarycky and otherdeparted members of the New YorkDistrict's branches.At the election of o fficers for 1982-83,the following slate was elected: Mr.Chomanczuk, chairman; Michael Juze-niw and Evstakhia Milanytch, vicechairmen; Mrs. Hentisz, secretary;William Chupa, treasurer.New committee chairmen are: Mr.Lewenetz and Mrs. Dushnyck, press(Ukrainian and English, respectively);Ivan Pryhoda and John Choma, organizing ; Mr. Chuma and StefaniaRudyk, program; and Peter Shkafarow-sky and Anastasia Brodin, members atlarge. Elected to the Auditing Committee were Roman Krupka, head, andIvan Yaremchuk and Harry Polche,members.

At the beginning of the meetingparticipants elected a presidium consisting o f: M r. Wynnyk, chairman, Mrs.Milanytch, vice chairman, and Mr.Juzeniw, secretary. Also, a nominatingcommittee, comprising Messrs. Chuma,Pryhoda and Yaremchuk, was selected.Presiding Chairman Wynnyk calledon Mr. Juzeniw, N ew York DistrictCommittee secretary, to read theminutes of last year's meeting.The chairman's report followed. Mr.Chomanczuk reported on the organizing efforts of the district, which on thewhole were not very successful (186members or 53 percent of the 1981quota), on his representational functions and on the district's culturalactivities, including its sponsorship ofthe concert of opera singer WolodymyrDenysenko. He expressed hope that thecrisis in the Ukrainian community willend without harm to its institutions ororganizations.Mr. C hupa, the treasurer, reported abalance of SS41.69 in the treasury,stating he had received dues from onlythree branches. Mr. Krupka, head ofthe auditing com mittee, stated that thissituation should be remedied.A discussion on the reports was held,and afterwards a vo te of confidence wasgiven the outgoing officers by theauditing committee, consisting of itshead, Mr. Krupka, and Mr. Yaremchuk and Dr. Alexander Sokolyszyn,members.

Called upon to address the gatheringwas the U N A v ice president", Mrs.Dushnyck, who reported on the achievements of district's women organizers,namely: Alexandra Juzeniw, 20 members; Gloria Tolopko and Mrs. Dushnyck, 11 each; Maria Kuiczycka, 10;and Mrs. Milanytch, f ive; Emil iaSanotska, three; Helen Kilar and JennieZawyrucha, two each.The speaker noted the necessity forbranch activities to ensure tax-exemptstatus for the UN A and the need for newmembers. She said that a recent articlein the Fraternal Monitor warned thatone-third of all American fraternalsmight cease to exist during the 1980s.Mrs. Dushnyck also advised membersto review their po licies every few years,change beneficiaries when needed andto make wills. She reminded all to sendchildren to the UN A camps and coursesat Soyuzivka, to aid Ukrainian refugeesand to help the elderly, needy and ailingin their branches. '

Supreme Organizer Orichowsky welcomed the three new secretaries: Mrs.Zarycky, Mr. Forostyna and MyronZalipsky, new secretary of Branch 204.The speaker cited the New York District branches which led in the organ izing campaign in 1981: first was branch194 with 20 members; Branch 267, 16;Branches 293 and 351, 14 each; Branch88 with 12; Branch 5, 11; Branches 8and 200, each 10; Branch 204 with nine.He noted that Mr. Szpaczynsky, delegate from Branch 327, already has eightmembers for 1982.Mr. Orichowsky spoke about the30th UN A Co nvention in Rochester,N .Y., starting the week o f May 24, theUN A book on the famine and the UN Afilms. He appealed to the delegates tofulfill their obligation to organizemembers before the convention. Healso urged all others to participate in themembership campaign in order toensure better results for the N ew YorkDistrict branches in 1982.UN A Supreme Advisor Lozynskyjreported on his participation as a U N Adelegate, along with Mrs. Dushnyck, tothe annual meeting of the New YorkFraternal Congress, where emphasiswas placed on branch activities, steadymembership growth and danger signalsto be heeded by fraternal societies.Reflecting o n the UN A's status andimage in the community, Mr. LesawyerUN A honorary members, stated that theUN A sho uld be a positive force, as it hasthe potential strength and wherewithalto play such a ro le. The speaker said hebelieves there should be a faster tempoin organizing efforts, that Florida haspossibilities for membership growthand that the press should dwell more onUN A wo rk and activities in the community. He was of the opinion that thedistrict committees should be muchmore active.Touched upon in the ensuing discussion were better coordination ofcollections for refugees, the necessity

for secretaries'courses and the possibilities for organizing members among therecent young arrivals from Poland.Chairman Ch omanczuk, in hisclosingstatement, thanked the meeting participants fo r re-electing him and announcedthat there would be a meeting of theNew York District's convention delegates at the end of the month on April30. He asked the delegates to bring theirapplications to the meeting. He theninvited all to a repast prepared bycommittee members.

Lehigh ValleyEASTON , Pa. - Anna Haras, secretary of UNA Branch 47, was unanimously re-elected to a 13th term aschairman o f the Lehigh Valley UN ADistrict Committee of Pennsylvania.Also elected to the district executiveboard at the March 7 meeting held atthe local U krainian Club were: StephenKolodrub, Anna Sagan and NicholasDubyk, vice chairmen; Stephen Mucha,

Ukrainian-language secretary; AnnaStrot, English-language secretary; andDmytro Mushasty, treasurer.New board members at largeare: Ivan Hutsayluk, Ivan Drabyk,Evhenia Iwaseczkc-Cap, Martin Sheska,Stephen Sayuk, Katherine Sargent ,Anna Mandziuk and Walter Zagwor-sky.The auditing - committee comprisesStefan Iwa seczko , chairman; IvanHanych and Michael Chromiak,members.Michael Kolodrub and Anna Pypiukwere voted honorary district chairmen.The meeting was called to order byMrs. Haras, wh o greeted the more than30 UN A'ers present, including SupremeVice President Myron B. Kuropas,Stefan Hawrysz, ser.icr field o rganizer,and Michael Kolodrub, the honorarydistrict chairman. Mr. Kolodrub thenled the UN A'ers in prayer and called fora moment of silence in honor of deceased members.N ext, Mrs. Haras read the meetingagenda and no ted that there was an itemstipulating that only two representativesof each branch could take part in themeeting. She then explained that thedistrict has never followed this rule andthat all branch officers were alwaysinvited to take part in the districtmeetings. A mo tion to dispense with the

TroyAM STERD AM, N.Y. - MichaelSawkiw was re-elected chairman of theTroy UNA District Committee duringits annual meeting held here at theUkrainian Club.With the exception of Wasyl Slobo-dian, who was replaced as vice chairman by Mr. R. Harasymiak, the entireexecutive was re-elected, as was theauditing comm ittee.The rest of the executive consists ofIvan Durbak and W. Kolodiy, secretaries; Wolodymyr Warshona, treasurer,and E. N abolo tny, organizing chairman.Re-elected to the auditing committeewere M. Demchar, chairman; and B.N auholnyk and O. Bilynsky, members.Representing the Supreme ExecutiveCommittee at the March 28 meetingwas Wasyl Orichowsky, UNA supremeorganizer.The meeting, which was run by apresidium consisting of Messrs. N abolotny and Durbak, was opened by Mr.Sawkiw, who welcomed participantsand guests before asking all present tojoin him in the customary moment ofsilence in honor of the deceased members of the district.After the agenda was accepted, theminutes of the previous meeting were

read and confirmed without any changes.In his report Mr. Sawkiw noted thatthe district had enrolled 35 new members in 1981. He praised the followingbranches and their secretaries for theirefforts during last year's organizingcampaign: Branch 13 (Paul Shew-chuk), 10 members; Branch 266 (Mr.Warshona), nine; Branch 191 (RussellKolody), eight; Branch 57 (Mr. Sawkiw), seven; Branch 150 (Mr. Tuska),one member.Mr. Sawkiw added, however, that 92members left the district. He also

two-representative rule was approvedby a vote of 21 for and two abstaining.A presidium consisting o f Mrs. Haras,chairman; Mrs . Strot and StephanKolodrub, Ukrainian- and English-language secretaries,, respectively, waselected to conduct the meeting.The minutes of the previous annualmeeting were read by Mr. Mucha andaccepted without any amendm ents.The officers' reports followed. In herremarks Mrs. Haras said that the pastyear had not been a satisfactory one interms of organizing activity. Many ofthe secretaries had been ill, and therefore the membership quota was reachedby only 60 percent, she noted. There badbeen no UN A event within the district.

Mrs. Haras also reported that she hadkept in touch with all branch officers,helped them with various problems andhad convened meetings of these officers.As secretary of Branch 47, Mrs. Harassaid she had enrolled 11 new members.Along with other members of thedistrict board she had attended theUNA Day sponsored by the neighboring Philadelphia UN A D istrictReports were also delivered by vicechairman Stephan Ko lodrub and secretaries Mr. Mucha and Mrs. Strot.The treasurer, Mr. M ushasty, reported that the district had a bank balanceof S261.The auditing committee's reportwas given by i t s chairman, Mr .Iwaseczko, who noted that all booksand operations were in order and proposed that a vote of confidence withcommendation be given the outgoingofficers.Dr. Kuropas then addressed themeeting. He began his remarks bypointing out that the "Kuropas spirit"had been in Lehigh Valley a long time

(Continued on peje 16)

reported on his participation in lastsummer's meeting of UN A districtchairmen at the Soyuzivka resort.In his financial report, Mr. Warshona said that the books showed a1981 income of S338.06 and expenses ofS81.97 for a balance of S256.09.A discussion period fo l lowedMr. Bilinsky then put forth themotion to re-elect the existing executive bo ard, a mo tion that was approvedwith Mr. Harasymia,k as vice chairman.Following the elections, Mr. Orichowsky was asked to address the meeting.After extending greetings on behalf ofthe Supreme Executive Committee, Mr.Orichowsky talked about the upcoming30th Regular UNA Convention inRochester, N .Y.He said that all delegates to theconvention should think of the good ofthe UN A when the election o f . newofficers comes around, and remindeddelegates that they should try to enrollat least one new member into the UN Abefore the convention, thereby indicating that they are concerned with thegrowth and the good of the organization.The UNA is not just an insurancecompany as certain elements in thecommunity would like to think, Mr.Orichowsky told participants, addingthat it is a vital comm unity and cultural

institution that publishes newspapersand books, helps Ukrainian youth andprovides other worthwhile services.Mr. Orichowsky concluded his talkby stressing the need for unified actionfor the general good of the communityand the UN A.An informal discussion fo llowed Mr.Orichowsky's remarks, with the supreme organizer answering severalquestions put to him.Mr. Sawkiw officially adjourned themeeting, a nd refreshments prepared byAmsterdam UNA'ers were served.

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N o . 17 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. APRIL 2 5 ,1 9 8 2 5

Fraternal cornerP r e s e r v i n g the h i s t o r i c a l r e c o r d so f A m e r ic a n f ra t e r n a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s

by Henry E. BownFraternal benefit societies have e xisted in America for over 100 years. Inaddition to financial assistance in timesof death, illness or disability, they havetraditionally promoted cultural, educational and recreational activities inbehalf of their members. T he fraternalshave been a very strong factor inshaping the development of ethnicgroups and communities in the UnitedStates.In terms of the growing interest insocial history and the emergence of anethnic awareness among second" andthird-generation Americans, the records of fraternals can be very important. Steps should be taken to see thatthe non-current records of fraternalorganizations are protected from natural

and d eliberate destruction and are madeavailable to researchers with a seriousinterest in the social, economic andcultural history of the fraternal group.Accepting the premise that fraternalrecords are important and worthy ofpreservation, the following material willfocus on: 1) what records of fraternalsare worth preserving; and 2) how topreserve them .(I am much indebted to Gordon O.Hendrickson's manual "Your Frater-nal's Records: A Headache or a Heritage," Immigration History ResearchCenter, University of Minnesota, 1979.Also very helpful was "Business Archives: An Introduction,^' by EdieHedlin, Society of American Archivists,

Chicago, 1978.)Fraternal organizations' records

Fraternal organization records canbe divided into five main categorieswhich reflect the programs and activitiesof the organization.I. Central office decision-makingrecords: minutes of executive committee andboard of directors meetings,a correspondence files of executiveofficers and directors,a convention records, constitutions and by-laws',a support files.These records relate not only thehistory of the organization but also thehistory of the group to which theypertain. Because decisions at the homeoffice affect local lodge activities,central office decision-making recordsdocument large portions of local ethniccommunity history.II. Insurance records and relateddata:a applications for membership, accident and d eath ben efits, cash surrenderand matured endowment claims,a financial ledgers and documents,a membership rosters,^correspondence with local lodgesand state insurance departments,a annual reports to state insurance

departments,a computer "records.This body of records, which E. Bown is assistant histo-rian and archivist at the PennsylvaniaHistorical an d Museum Commissionin Harris burg. Mr. Bown is of Ukrai-nian descent.The article above was originallypresented as a speech during a recentmeeting of the Maryland and Dis-trict of Columbia Wave tnaT Con-gress.

sents the core activity of the fraternalinsurance organization, contains datawhich document the organizat ion'sfinancial grow th. They are, therefore, ofinterest to' scholars investigating thesocial and econ omic development withinethnic communities. As the applicationsfor membership and claim s for benefitscontain virtually all the available information on hundreds of thousands ofindividual fl - ' r i cans , researchersstudying national origin, immigration,mobility, occupation, health and similarquestions which require information onlarge numbers of individual people findthese records to be essential to theirstudies.III. Special programs and culturalactivities:a correspondence files,a financ ial records,a programs, brochures, flyers andcommemorative pamphlets,a photographs.Historians and other students of theethnic social and cultural experiencefind in these documents informationconcerning the ways in which language,dance, hand crafts, folk-art techniquesand traditional festivals are preservedand perpetuated. These records alsodocument the development of socialservice programs within the ethniccommunities.IV. Local lodge records:a minutes book s, -a financial ledgers, records for local lodge halls,a correspondence files,a administrative records.With the exception of the ethnicchurch, the local lodge of an ethnicfraternal has often been the single mostimportant organization for local ethnicgroups. The records generated by localfraternal lodges document the history ofindividual ethnic communities andthereby permit the study of Americanethnic groups in individual localities.While these records are frequently notfound in large quantity in the homeoffice of a fraternal, efforts should betaken to see that they are preserved.V. Publications:a official organ,a comm emorative pamphlets,a jubilee books,a annuals,a official histories,a printing department office records,a financial records,a editorial files,a correspondence.files.The publications of the fraternalprovide basic information to scholarsresearching all phases of Americanethnic, social and religious developmentData concer ning local lodge activities ofcentral office policies, contemporaryevents, literary and artistic activities ofthe fraternal and ethnic community,and many o ther activities, concerns andprograms of the ethnic group arerecorded in the fraternal's i?ubl'cat'rn"`In addition to the material actuallyprinted in the pub lications, backgroundinformation and material not printedare of interest to students of Americanethnicity.Preservation of fraternal records

Fraternals have tw o courses of actionopen to them with regard to preservation of their records. They may: depositnon-current records in an establishedhistorical' repository, of create- ' house archival unit.

Many colleges and universities, aswell as state and regional historicalsocieties, have archival units whichspecialize in the collection and preservation of ethnic and fraternal documents.The staff of these archival units willarrange, describe and store the donated 'materials in such a manner as to ensurethat they can be located and retrievedfor scholarly research and will also beavailable for consultation by the fraternals themselves. This route is theleast expensive, for the fraternal, of thetwo options.

An institution selected for the preservation of a fraternal orga nization'srecords should meet certain criteria:a ability to provide proper environmental controls for the records,a demonstrated ability to work withethnic records,a facility in the language of thefraternal's ethnic grou p,a ability to care for projected futurerecords of the fraternal,a financial base to ensure long-termpreservation and availability of thefraternal's records,a established procedures for theprotection of privacy and confidentiality in sensitive p ortions of the records,a ability to serve fraternal officers andscholarly researchers,a reputation for archival work of highquality.The fraternal sho uld question possiblerepositories carefully concerning thesematters. If at all possible, representatives of the fraternal should visit thepotential repositories to evaluate fullyconditions in the repositories.The transfer of records should beformalized by a w ritten agreement withthe historical repository. This agreement should describe the volume andcontents of the donation and list anyrestrictions on the use of the records. Afraternal may wish, for example, toscreen potential users of portions of therecords, or restrict access to portions ofthe records for a given number of years.These restrictions can' be negotiatedwith the recipient repository. Therepository should assure the fraternalthat steps will be taken to protect theprivacy and confidentiality of sensitiveportions of the collection.

Once an initial transfer of records ismade, the fraternal should periodicallysupplement the collection with additionalrecords which are no longer needed atthe home office. A system of supplemental deposits should be arrangedwith the recipient repository. Eachadditional deposit should be covered bya supplemental agreement of deposit.The establishment of an in-house

archives, if properly administered, ensure the preservation of the fraternaldocuments in the same manner as if theywere deposited in an established archives. An in-house archives has theadvantage of retaining the records in thehome office of the fraternal so they arereadily available for consultation byfraternal officers. It also benefits thefraternal's educational and historicalinterests. Because many ethnic Americans look to the fraternals as a main-tainer of their heritage, the establishment of an archives and a museum maybe a logical extension of the fraternal'sactivities. Records preserved in an in-house archives are available to scholarly research in the same manner asthey are in other repositories.In the event a fraternal elects toestablish an in-house archives, a numberof decisions must be made concerningthe administration, staffing, fundingand physical location of the archives inthe organization.In order to be effective, the archivesand archivist should have the support ofthe highest officers o f the organization.

Persons who generate records withinthe fraternal structure should come toview the archives as an integral part ofthe organization a unit which servesthem by caring for records which arenot used in the daily operation of theorganization.If the principal officer of a fraternalprovides the leadership in creating anarchives, others in the organization w illbe more willing to cooperate with theeffort to collect and preserve their non-current records. A fraternal archivistshould be directly responsible to thefraternal president.A fraternal archivist or person responsible for the care and preservationof the organiza tion's records has anumber of duties:

a establishing a program for transferof records from the office files to thearchives,a performing minor cleaning andpreservation work on the documents,a arranging and describing the documents in a meaningful and usefulmanner,a retrieving d ocuments for the use offraternal officers,a assisting scholarly researchers intheir efforts to use the archival materials,a presenting the fraternal's historythrough written and spoken media aswell as the creation of documentaryexhibits.To be continued.

U k r a in ia n /C a r p a th o -R u s y n r e la t io n s fe a tu r e dFAIRVIEW, N.J. - The Carpatho-Rusyn American has begun its fifth yearof publication with the promise thatspecial attention will be given this yearto relations between the Carpatho-Rusyn and Ukrainian communities inthe United States.Reacting to the divergent viewsexpressed in issue N o. 3 (1981) by Profs.Vasyl Markus and Paul R. Magocsi,many of the quarterly's readers both inthe United States and Europe havecommented quite strongly and openlyon this problem. The Carpatho-RusynAmerican has said it will publish theexten sive sta ter s i. ` , readers whethercommunity activists or scholars.The illustrated eight-page quarterly,edited by Prof. Patricia Krafcik of theUniversity of Pittsburgh, is the onlyEnglish-language publication devotedexclusively to Carpatho-Rusyn culturein the European homeland and theUnited States. - - v - - ,- ` `

This year's issues will feature a seriesof colorful reminiscences by earlyimmigrants to the United States andshow how they have passed on theirethnic heritage to subsequent generations. The words and music of the twomost famous Carpatho-Rusyn secularsongs ("Ja Rusyn byl"and "Podkarpat-ski Rusyny") will also appear, as well asdescriptions of traditional Christmasand Easter religious celebrations.The series of biographies aboutfamous Carpatho-Rusyns, the comprehensive annotated bibliography ofrecent publications, and recent andupcoming community cultural announcements will continue.The Carpatho-Rusyn Americanappears four times a year. A subscription is S5 (U.S.) and is available bywriting to the Carpatho-Rusyn canv 5485 .Forest Glen Road,. NorthMadison, Ohio 440 57. . ,,

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T H E U K R A I N IA N W E E K L Y S U N D A Y , A P R IL 2 5 , 1 9 8 2 No. 17

U k r a i n i a n W e e k l yOverdue tax relief

When President Ronald Reagan announced plans for tuition taxcredits to parents who send their children to private elementary andsecondary schools during a speech to Roman Cathol ic educa tor s inChicago on A pr i l 15 , the news was greeted by a predictable chorus o fprotest . Liberal Democrats inveighed rather vaguely that the ta x cu tswould endanger public education and divert ever t ighter federalmon ies f rom wo r th ie r causes . Even p ro po nen ts o f th e concep t o f a ta xbreak for pa ren t s who now pay l oca l schoo l t axes on t op of p r iva teschool tu i t i on , no tab ly Repub l ican Sen . Bob Dole , wor r ied that suchlegislation at a time when next year's federal deficit is expected toh o v e r a t a m i n d b o g g l i n g 8 1 8 0 b i l l i o n w o u l d b e e c o n o m i c a l l yimpruden t and po l i t ica l ly f oo lha rdy . N o t su rp r i s ing ly , th e president ofthe 1 .7 mi ll i on -member N a t i ona l Educa t i on A ssoc ia t i on sa id that hi sunion would f ight the tui t ion tax credits for private scho ols . `Cynics have already said that Mr. Reagan made his proposa l a s ages tu re t o shore up an e ros ion of suppor t among e thn ic Ca tho l i c s( two- th i rds o f the na t i on ' s p r iva te schoo l ch i ld ren a t t end Ca tho l i cschools) , knowing ful l well that the legislat ion is given l i t t le or nochance of get t ing through Congress in the forseeable future .Whatever the motive for Mr. Reag an's pro po sal , we bel ieve that ,despite the quest io nable t im ing, the idea of tui t ion tax credits for th o sewho must bear the double burden of public and private school costs isa sound and logical one.Despite the nat ter ings of certain Democrats , l iberal Republicansand pub l ic schoo l t eachers /ad min is t ra to r s , the re seems li t tl e p roo f t osupport the not ion that a cause-and-effect relat ionship exists betweenpossible tui t ion tax credits for private school patrons and a possiblefurther decl ine in public schoo ls . In fact , the tax cuts could jol t publiceducatio n o ut of i ts le thargy by sti ffening the co mpe ti t ion pro vided byprivate scho ols . B esides, the tax brea ks are in no` way m eant tosupplant federal aid to public schools .As to the rather l imp argum ent that the tui t io n tax break w ouldbenefi t pr ivate schools set up to skir t desegregation orders , thepresident f lat ly said that the tax credits would n o t be given "to paren tssending their chi ldren to schools which discriminate on the basis ofrace . " So much for tha t concern .What about the projected budget defici t? Well , President Reagan'splan wo uld al low m ost pare nts of chi ldren in private prim ary andsecondary-schools to claim a tax credit of up to half their tui t ion costs- but not exceeding S100 per child in 1983, S300 in 1984 and a ceilingof S500 in 1985 and thereafter . Hardly b udge t-bust ing f igures if onetakes into acco unt tha t the total r ise of just o ver S4 bi l l ion do l lars wil lbe spread over f ive years . Surely the administrat ion and Congress canfind other ways to cut spending and, i f need be, even levy admittedlyunpo pular excise taxes to raise revenue in a crunch. As to the o f t-echoed argument that the tax credits would benefi t the r ich, famil iesmaking over 550,000 a year wil l get only part ial credit , while thosemaking over 575,000 get zilch.Clearly, a ma xim um tuitio n ta x credit of S100 child in 1983 is hardlygoing to line the coffers of the rich, as has been suggested, consideringthat parochial school tui t ion of ten runs well into the thousands peryear , and given the fact that pare nts of non -public scho ol s tuden ts willstill be shelling out . their share of public sch oo l tax es.Wc agree that President Reagan could and should have picked amore opportune t ime to fulf i l l one of his most praiseworthy 1980campaign prom ises . But we who leheartedly endo rse this ini t ia t iveand we urge the Ukrainian community to wri te their congressmen and

back the president on this one. With enrol lments in the many-Ukrainian paroch ial schoo ls dot t ing every major American ci ty in atai lspin ,and al l of them feel ing the f inancialsqueeze,giving Ukrainianparents a bit of an incentive to send their children to a Ukrainianparochial school seems f ine to us . But more importantly than our owninterests, we support the president because we feel, in principle, thatcitizens who want to give their kids a private education while stilldutiful ly su ppo rt ing the U.S. public educatio n system are certainly asdeserving of government assis tance as many of those get t ing welfare .Thus far , the arguments to the contrary, part icularly from misguidedcons t i tu t i ona l i s t s and f rom those who a rgue for separa t i on of Churchand's tate , are s implis t ic and unconvincing 1.

News and viewsHarvard's Refugeeproves valuable to

by Dr. James E. MaceAmong the most valuable sources forthe study of the great artificial famine of

1933 are the Harvard University Refugee Interview Project files, nowhoused in the Russian Research Centerof Harvard University.During the early 1950s Harvard, incooperation with the U.S. Air Force,sent a number of scholars to WestGermany and New York to conductover 2,000 interviews with recent emig ran t s f rom the Sov ie t Union .A number of books and monographs on Soviet politics, society andpsychology was published in the 1950sand 60s based on the informationgained from these interviews.Virtually unused for more than adecade, the interviews now represent areal treasure trove of oral history of theSoviet Union before and during theWorld War II.Abo ut 30 percent of those interviewed were Ukrainians, and interviewswere condu cted in bo th the Russian andUkrainian languajc`s and are dividedinto two "schedules." The A Scheduledealt with the life and employmenthistories as well as political opinions ofthe respondents, and the Scheduledealt with specialized topics of which agiven respondent was considered tohave -pedal knowledge. The printedsummaries of the interviews are inEnglish.Those who conducted the interviews,with a few notable exceptions such as

John Reshetar and Michael MartinLuther, were no t particularly interestedin or sensitive to the nationality question, although a special Schedulequestio nnaire on the nationality questionwas administered to a few respondents,and a special unpublished report waswrit ten on this matter by Messrs .Reshetar and Luther . Despite thisob viou s short co min g, the f i les st i l lcontain a certain amount of valuableinformation on the nationality question.The interviewers were also not interested in the famine of 1933 o r in rurallife in general. There are many cases inthe transcripts in which the interviewerstates that he or she turned off therecorder while an interviewee poured

out his or her heart on the emotionallywrenching experiences of dekurkuliza-tion, collectivization and famine. Still,with only one exception, all Ukrainianrespondents and those of other national i t ies who l ived in Uk raine, N orthCaucasus or Kuban make some mention of the great famine.While it is impossible to estimate howmuch valuable historical informationwas lost due to the negligence of theinterviewers, there are still a number ofd e t a i l e d , p r o f o u n d l y h u m a n a n dmoving accounts of the sufferings inUkraine from the tragedies of forcedmass collectivization, dekurkulizationand the artificial famine. These are

found in the A Schedule life history-interviews, file 12, and appea r spo ntaneously in the course of a respondent'sDr. James E. Mace is the juniorcollaborator of Dr. Robert Conquest,who is preparing a publication on theman-made famine of 1933 in Ukraine,and he is conducting research for thisproject under the auspices of the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute. Themonograph to be published is a jointproject of the HURfand the UkrainianNational Association.

Interview Projectfamine studyacco unt of his own personal experiencesand opinions.One of the major findings of theproject was that virtually all who camefrom the Soviet Union agree that thefarmers were the major vict ims ofSoviet authority. Fully 98 percent oftho se in te rv iewed by the Ha rvardproject agreed that peasants receivedless than they deserved for their labor.The peasants themselves hated theregime more than any other group.

After examining the project files, it isimpossible not to agree with the authorsof one of he major studies based on theproject published over two decades ago,"How the Soviet System W ork s" byRaymond Bauer, Alex Inkeles andClyde Kluckhohn, who wrote:' "It is in dealing with the regime thatthe real intensity of the peasan t's hostilesentiments become apparent. The peasant is outs tanding in his punit iveattitude toward the leadership; about 75percent of his group advocate violentdeath for the to p leaders, and abo ut 80percent are willing to drop an atombomb on Moscow, at least as a lastresort."It should be noted that the peasantsinterviewed by the project were mainlyforcibly evacuated by the Germans, notvoluntary emigres, and that thereforetheir resentment reflects that of theentire class.We know that Stalin warred againstthe entire peasantry of the SovietUnion, but nowhere did he employ suchweapons of ethnocide as in Ukraine.

What then of the Ukrainian peasantsand their experiences? One can tracethrough the interview files the wholestory of confiscatory taxation,' expropriation of those designated as kurkulsand p idkurk u lnyky , the f orc ing ofpeasants into collective farms againsttheir will, and the peasants'atte mpts tofight back in defense of what they hadworked for all their lives.But that which sticks most firmly inthe reader's mind is the experiences ofthe famine itself. People tell of wholevillages depopulated by famine, of thedead burried in great pits, of bordercheckpoints to prevent the starvingfrom escaping Uk raine, of cannibalism,and the regime's obscene profiteeringfrom the starvation it had created by-means of the Torgsin.There are literally hundreds of suchaccounts. But perhaps the most conciseand eloquent testimony was that of aJewish factory manager:"Ukrainians will never forget how thebolsheviks destroyed whole villages anddistricts. In 1932 the bolsheviks turnedguns and tanks on the people andcreated an ar t i f ic ial famine. Wholefuture generations of Ukrainians willremember this."The H arvard Project te l ls only asmall p art of the" who le story' of thetragedy of 1933. Its real importance isthat it serves to confirm in almost every

par t i cu la r wha t Ukra in ians havepublished themselves in collections suchas "The Black Deeds of the Kremlin"and other col lect ions of eyewitnesstestimony collected by such authors asWoropay, Solovey, Semehko, Verbyt`sky, Pigido-Pravoberezhny and Suslyk.All together these constitute the rawmaterial ot the famine as seen by itsvictims - histoVy "from belo w. "In our work, we must also supplement history "from belo w" with history

(Continued on page 8)

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No . 17 THE UKRAIN IAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 2 5 , 1982 7

On nationalism and the UNA: ref lect ions on the Liberation Front 11by Dr. Myron B. Kuropas

Within recent months much has beensaid and written abou t the UNA and itscommitment to Ukrainian nationalism.Especially vocal in this regard hasbeen Homin Ukrainy (Ukrainian Echo),a newspaper associated with the so-called "rev olutionary" OU N o r OUN(r).Accusing our UNA president of harbo ring a negative bias toward s the "Ban-d e r i v t s i , " t h e U k r a i n i a n - l a n g u a g eHomin Ukrainy has repeatedly intimated that the UNA'S loyalty to Ukrainian nationalism is open to seriousquestion. "If," one Homin correspondent has written, "Dr. Flis is striving totransform the UNA into an organization that is against the nationalisticmovement, then," the correspondentwarns ominously, "we will take theappropr iate stand towards this newpolitical phenomenon." The UNA, thecorrespondent concludes, should getout of pol i t ics and st ick to sel l inginsurance.The UN A past

As any one familiar with the history ofour organization knows full well, theUkrainian National Association hasalways been more than just an insurance company. We are a fraternalassociation which for nearly 90 yearshas been actively engaged in a nationalistic struggle to establish, nurture andperpetuate the Ukrainian identity inNorth America and to suppo rt, with allof the resources available to us, U-kraine's aspirations for independenceabroad. As such, the UNA has beenpolitically involved from th e very day ofits inception.

Prior to World War I, when mostemigrants from Ukraine had little senseof their ethno-national identity, it wasthe UNA which was in the forefront ofthe ba t t l e t o es t ab l i sh a Ukra in i annationalistic community on these shores.It was the UNA which resisted thet sar i s t - suppor t ed Russ i an c l ergy inAmerica who were attempting to Russifyour Rusyn pioneers. It was the UNAwhich led the fight against the Uhro-Rusyns who wanted to Magyarize andlater de-Ukrainianize ou r imm igrants.It was the UNA and its press organSvoboda which condemned cer t a inRoman Catholic bishops who refusedto recognize the legi t imacy of ourUkrain i an r i te and who wi shed toAmericanize our people by de-na-

Dr. Myron B. Kuropas has beensupreme vice president of the UNAsince 1978. Previously he served assupreme advisor. He is also a former-special assistant for ethnic affairs toPresident Gerald R. Ford.

t ionalizing our Church. Working closely with our patrio t priests it was theUNA w hich was in the forefront of themonumental endeavor to establish ana u t o n o m o u s U k r a i n i a n C a t h o l i ceparchy in the United S tates, an objective tha t was finally realized in 1913.And it was the UNA that po pularizedthe term "Ukrainian" among our Am erican Rusyns and convinced most ofthem that they w ere members of he greatUkrainian nation.The OUN(r) should be aware of thefact that during World War I it was theUNA which established the first All-Ukrainian Co uncil in the United Statesto represent Ukrainian American interests and to prom ote Ukraine's nationalistic crusade.It was the UN A in cooperationwith the Ukrainian Wprkingme.n'sAssociation (now the Uk rainian Fraternal Association) - which published"Ukraine's Claim to Freedom ," the firstEnglish-language publication to dispassionately and succinctly present theUkrainian nationalistic perspective.

It was the UNA which helped organize a freedom congress of Ukrainian Americans in 19IS,and it was theUNA which sent its leaders to the W hiteHouse and to the halls of Congress toargue for a na t ionwide "Uk ra in i anDay" in America. With congressionalapproval, such a day was subsequentlyprocl a imed by Pres ident W oodrowWilson and, on A pril 21,1917, the UNAand other Ukrainian organizations inAmerica collected more than 585,000(al l in one day!) for the Ukrainiannationalistic cau se.Finally, it was the UNA which helpedes t ab l i sh and f inance a Ukra in i anInformation C enter in the U.S. Capitoland it was the UNA which providedmuch of the financial support for theUkrain i an Amer i can de l egat ion a tVersailles.Between the two world wa rs the UNAcontinued its nationalistic endeavors byexposing and condemning the Polishpacification of western Ukraine and thenefarious Russian Communist regimein eastern U kraine. At a time when theconcept of nationalism w as in disreputein Ame r i ca when many l eadingAmericans were praising Stalin and theSoviet system and equating nationalism with fascism - the UNA neveronce wavered f rom i t s na t ional i s t i ccommitment. In 1938, as a direct resultof its strongly nationalistic character,the UNA was accused of pro-fascistsympath i es and inves t iga t ed by theHouse Un-American Activities Committee.

Support for Ukrainian nationalismb y t h e U N A c o n t in u e d t h r o u g h o u tWorld War II a time during whichthe Soviet Union was-viewed as one ofthe great "democracies" united againstNazi totalitarianism despite unceasing and inord inat e pr essures f romSoviet-inspired sources to discredit theorganization.One such endeavo r was a book titled"Sabotage! The Secret War AgainstAmerica." Written by two Communistsympathizers, who claimed that theUNA national office was "a clearinghouse for espionage directives comingfrom Berlin, Tokyo and R ome " andthat Svoboda was "an organ of Axispropaganda," the book was favorablyreviewed by many Amer i can newspapers and even such respected radiocommentators as Walter Winchell.Amid a storm of protest and damaging publicity, the UNA remained stead

fastly nationalistic and continued towr i t e an t i -Com mun i s t - and ant i fascist editorials exposing at everyopportunity the treachery of the SovietUnion in its dealings with the UnitedStates.When the war ended and the U.S.Army began to send Ukrainian displaced perso ns back to the Soviet Unionagainst their will, it was the U NA whichvehement ly pro t es t ed th i s unprecedented action to the State Department.It was also the UNA which mounted apolitical lobbying campaign favoringthe Displaced Persons Act and, it mustbe added, it was the UNA membershipin cities throughout the United Statesand Canada which sponsored andassisted our newest immigrants in theirinitial attempts to find housing andemployment.

In recent years, it was the UNA -under the leadership of President Dmy-tro Halychyn - which initiated thesuccessful UCCA political effort toerect a statue of Taras Shevchenko inWashington.It was also the UNA which threw itsprest ige and some of i t s f inancialresources behind the early, fledglingst ruggles of SUSTA (Federat ion ofUkrainian Student Organizations ofAmer i ca) t o es t ab l i sh a Ukra in i anStudies Chair at Harvard.Fina lly, it was th e UNA which initiatedand coordinated two highly successfulUkra in i an Human Right s Days onCapi tol Hi l l , ende avors w hich haveproven to be one more signif icantcontribution to our community's unending struggle to gain recognition andsuppor t f or t he Ukra in i an f r eedomcrusade.

The UNA presentGiven our organiza t ion ' s h i s tory ,only briefly outlined in the precedingparagraphs, it should be clear to everyone that M r. Flis is not "transforming"anything. On the contrary, he is following a tradition initiated and supportedby all of his predecessors.But even if tradition were not on theside of Mr. Flis, this surely would not bethe time for the UNA to relinquish itsresponsibility in the political educationarena as certain OU N(r` leaders would

have us do.With a Supreme Assembly whichincludes, among others, a director who,as a respected C anadian senator, is partof the Canadian delegation to NAT O; avice president who is a former specialassistant to an American president andwho, after leaving the White House alsoserved as a powerful American senator'sliaison assistant to the Helsinki Commission; and a supreme advisor whoserved six years as an administrativeassistant to another American senator,it would not be unreasonable to assumethat the UNA would intensify its educational involvement on behalf of humanrights in Ukra ine, especially since theUNA present ly enjoys respect andesteem among America's leaders.No greater testimony to this fact canbe offered than that of Dr. ZbigniewBrzezinski who contacted the UNApresident when it was learned that theSoviet Union would release ValentynMorb z. We do n't claim to have all of thepolitical expertise nor are we suggestingthat it was our effort alone that led toMr. Moroz's arrival on these shores. Weare pleased, nevertheless, that the U NAhas managed to gain a degree of credibility within the higher political circles

. of Am erican life.The OUN(r) allegation that the UNAis becoming anti-nationalistic is withoutfoundation. One need not be especiallyastute to realize that if the UNA wasfaithful to its nationalistic principlesduring an era when such fidelity wascontroversial even damaging thenit surely would no t now, quite suddenly,turn its back on Ukrainian nationalism,especially when nationalism as an idealis beginning to regain some of i t srespectability in world affairs.This being the case , I believe one canconclude that the heart of the OUN(r)problem lies not with the U NA but withcertain O UN(r) leaders who believe thatthey, and they alone, are the onlyUkrainian nationalists.

Tw o Ukrainian nationalismsHistor i ca l ly , na t ional i sm has hadmany faces. For some of us, nationalismis a liberating ideology associated withindividuals such as Thomas Jefferson,Edmund Burke, Jules Michelet, GiuseppeMazzini, Adam Mickiewicz and TarasShevchenko. F or others, nationalism isessent i a ll y a proscr ib ing ideology,associated with people such as CharlesMaurras, Beni to Mussol ini , RomanDmowski and Dmytro Dontsov.Ukrainian nationalism can be dividedinto two basically different theoreticalframeworks. The first is a nationalismbased on p lura l i s t i c , humani t ar i anprinciples and the dignity of the individual. This brand of U krainian nationalism traces its ideological roots to the

ancient democratic traditions of theKievan veche, the individualism of theKozaks and the dem ocratic socialismof the Central Rada.As practiced in North America today,pluralistic Ukrainian nationalism permits all Ukrainian p atriots Orthodox, Catholics, Baptists, Evangelicals,American-born, Canadian-born, oldimmigrants, new immigrants, old calendar adherents, new calendar adherents,the younger generation as well as theolder generation an opportunity tobe heard and to assist the Ukrainianfreedom crusade to the limits of theirtalents and inclinations.This pluralistic nationalism is thenationalism of the UNA. It is based on

national confidence and the notion thatall who love Ukraine have somethingto contribute, even those who speak noUkrainian.A second brand of Ukrainian nationalism is essentially authoritarianand foreign to the Ukrainian democratic tradition. It emanates from a feelingof national and individual inferiorityand the resultant need to create a cultlike, collective identity.Always on the defensive, this brandof nationalism emphasizes the maintenance of the "purity" of the culture,the expression of a na tional will throughan infallible leader, the organization ofan elite of nationa list faithful - truebelievers characterized by Don tsov as"shining in their exclusiveness" andthe replacement of rational thoughtwith what is intuitively correct. Thisappears to be the nationalism of theOUN(r).Committed to the principle, "who isnot with us is against us," Ukrainiannationalist leaders of this stripe have astheir ultimate objective in North America the control or emasculation of allUkrainian organizations which do notshare their peculiar vision. For them,(Cont inued on page 14)

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8 T H E U K R A I N I A N W E E K L Y S U N D A Y , A P R IL 25 , 1982 No . 17

UNA-UIA d ance workshops to begin M ay 2by Marts Korduba

N EW YORK - A series of dancewo rkshops titled "20th Century Expression of Ukrainian Dance" is scheduled to being Sunday, May 2, at 7 p.m.and will run for five weekends throughMay 30, here at the Ukrainian Instituteof America.The course, sponsored by the newlyformed Ukrainian Natio nal Association-Ukrainian Institute of AmericaCon tempora ry Per forming Ar t i s t sGroup, will be taught by NushaMarty nuk, a modern dancer and choreographer."Recently, IVe become increasinglyinterested in exploring art that derivesfrom strong tradition, and redefiningtraditiona l themes in new ways," saidMs. Martynuk, who wowed Soyuzivkaaudiences last summer with her performance of "Small Changes," a dance inwhich she integrated principles oftraditional Ukrainian folk dancing withmodern dance. Ms. Martynuk's mo derndance approach coupled with very

recognizable and unmistakably Ukrainian dance elements took credit for thepopularity of "Small Changes.""Modern dance remains a virtuallyuntouched vehicle on the Ukrainian'dance scene," said Ms. Martynuk."That's why it 's impo rtant to go beyondthe traditional and classical forms ofdance."

The workshop will apply moderndance technique to set steps from thet r a d i t i o n a l U k r a i n i a n f o l k d a n c e ."Hopefully, this will lead to an expanded dance vocabulary," said Ms.Martynuk.She explained that workshop participants will work on exercises designed toteach modern dance concepts and willequip the participant with a basis forcreating new movement. "Each workshop will begin with exercises in orderto develop an awareness of the body,and then move on to a more improvi-sational structure within which studentswill create movement on their own,following certain guidelines," she said.

Basic Ukrainian dance steps will beincorporated into modern dance sequences. Ms. Martynuk articulated theobjective of the class as crafting thesesequences into a cohesive form, eventually leading to phrases expressing asingle message.Ms. Martynuk suggested that one ofthe goals of the workshop would be tostimulate interest in forming an ongoing

repertory class.Ms. Martynuk is presently performing with the Zero Dance Company andh a s t a u g h t d a n c e a t S h e n a n d o a hCollege and Temple University (havingreceived a B .S. and a m aster's in educat ion from the lat ter) . She formerlydanced with the N ikolais Dance Theaterin New York City.The UNA-UIA Contemporary Per-

Nu s h a M a rty n u kforming Artists Gro up is pursuing otheraspects of performing art. It will sponsor workshops in music and drama atthe Ukrainian Institute, 2 E. 79th St., inMay and June. For more information,please call the UN A's fraternal activitiesoffice at (20iy 451-2200 or (212) 227-5250.

R egistration begins for International Mast JamboreeNEW YORK - Registration for theIn te rna t i ona l P las t Jamboree commenced on April 1 and will continuethrough May 15.The jam bo ree , to be held at theVovcha Tropa Plast camp site in EastCha tham, N .Y . , w i l l commemora tePlast's 70th anniversary. Close to 1,500participants are expected to participatein the nine-day jamboree, and severalhundred add i t i ona l P las t members ,parents and guests are expected toarrive on weekends.While the majority o f those attendingwill be from the United States andCanada, Plast members from Australia,Great Bri tain, Argentina and WestGermany will also attend the August 14-20 jamboree.Most of the planning and preparation has gone into making the program

for Plast's "yunatstvo" (boys and girls age11-18) as interesting and exciting aspossible.As part of their program, "yunatstvo"will go on hikes. Younger mem bers willgo on two-day trips to Connecticut,spending one day on the AppalachianTrai l and the second day a t sted Reservoir, where they will participate in water sports and swimmingactivities, under the supervision of theChornomortsi Plast unit.As to the Appalachian Trail portionof their trip - four trails have beenselected and each one has its ownhighlights. Because these mountainsrise up steeply from the lower plains, the

views from the trails are outstanding.To the west is an unobstructed panorama of the distant Catskills and to theno rtheast, lo oking up the great valley ofthe Housatonic, are the two peaks ofMt. Greylock, the highest summit inMassachusetts. For its entire lengthhere, the route is a rough wildernesstrail.The older groups of "yunatstvo" willgo on three-day hikes in the Adiron-dacks, a vast range of windswept peaks

with numerous lake-studded valleys.The Adirondack Forest Preserve, covering som e 3 million acres, is a N ationa lHistoric Landmark. The Adirondackscontain 4 6 peaks that are 4,000 or morefeet above sea level.The trails were selected so that onegroup of boys will be hiking in thedirection of an o ncoming group of girls(who will leave the trail at the otherend). On the second day they will meetand have several joint activities ameal, singing, sharing stories or experiences, etc.Separate trails have also been selected for Plast's "skftby" and "virlytsi"- the youths who have attained thehighest rank. They will go on three-dayhikes to Mt. Marcy, which at 5,344 feetabove sea level is New York state's

highest point.M t Marcy was named "Tahawus," orthe Cloud Splitter by the Indians. It issurrounded by the other high peaks oft h e M a c l n t y r e R a n g e . T h e d i v i d ebetween the Hudson and St LawrenceRivers passes over its summ it and to thesouthwest, at the base of the mo untain,lies Lake Tear o f (he Clo uds, the highestlake source of the Hudson River, anarea that will be visited by the Plasthikers.O ther than h ik ing , the j amboreeprogram will include the utilization ofbasic Plast scouting ski l ls , such asor ien tee r ing , cookery , l a sh ings andsemaphore."Yunatstvo" wjll also participate in

group sports competitions includingvolleyball , swimming relays, t rackrelays and cross-country marches.The o rganizing comm ittee, headed byAndri j Lasto wecky, is plann ing thejamboree program so as to give ampletime in which "yuna tstvo " will meet andcement fr iendships with their peersfrom around the world. Friday, August20, has been designated "BrotherhoodD a y" fo r p re cise ly t hi s .

Sat urd ay, August 21, wil l be thebusiest day of the jamboree. Sportsfinals will be held in the morning; ap resen ta t i on by "nd va t s tvo " (P las tmembers age 6-11) will follow at 1 p.m. ;"yunaky" will present scouting exhibitions at 2p.m. ; Kupalo traditions will beperformed by "yunatstvo " at 3:30 p.m.;and the official clo sing bonfire will takeplace that night.The organizing committee is alsoplanning an active agenda for the campsof other Plast age groups: "novatstvo,""starshe plastunstvo" (ages 18-31), andseniors, as well as for parents.Other ethnic scouting groups andUkrainian yo uth organizations will alsobe invited to participate.Commandants of the various campswill be: Wsewolod Hnatczuk, jamboreec o m m a n d e r ; S o n i a S l o b o d i a n a n dT a r a s K o w c z , " n o v a t s t v o " ; M a r i aMotyl and Petrc Sodol, "yunatstvo";Christine Panchuk, "starshe plastunstvo"; Theodozij Krupa, seniors; PetroBokalo, parents.All p articipants must register withtheir local Plast branches. For moreinformation on the jamboree write to:International Plast Jambo ree, c/ PlastInc., 140 Second Ave., N ew York, N .Y10003.

Emblem of the International PlastJamboree to be held in August.

Building-funddrive launchedby museum

NEW YORK - The board of directors of The Ukrainian Museum, locatedin the Little Ukraine section o f the city,has launched a building fund campaignto raise money needed for the purchaseof new premises to house the museum'sever-expanding collections of ethnographic and historic artifacts.In an appeal addressed to the entireUkrainian community, the museum'sboard notes that current real estateprices are such th at a t least SI million isneeded to purchase a suitable building.The board of directors points out inthe appeal that The Ukrainian Museum, which already has a rich and well-organized ethnographic department, isnow in the process of developing ahistorical department that would reflectUkra in ian se t t l ement and con t r ibutions to America.Also planned is a fine arts department that would feature the works ofthe most prominent Ukrainian artists.The goal of this expansion, the bo ardnotes, is for the museum to become "arepresentative museum of Ukrainianculture in America."The appeal goes on to say:"Let us make one mo re joint effortand build an institution that will become one of our community's mostlasting achievements and a source ofpride of present as well as of futuregenerations of Ukrainians; an institution that will constitute a Ukrainiancon t r ibu t i on t o the cu l tu ra l l i f e o fAmerica, and an institution that willmake us coequal with nations havingsimilar institutions in New York."

Tax-deductible contributions may besent to: The Ukrainian Museum Building Fund, 203 Second Ave., New York,N.Y. 10003.

Oseredok receives13,000 grantWIN N IPEG - The Ukrainian Cultural and Educational Centre (Oseredok)has received a grant of S3.000 foroperating expenses from the UkrainianCanadian Foundation of Taras Shev-chenko.The foundation was established in1963 for the purpose of suppo rt ing

ind iv idua l s and ins t i tu t i ons under taking cultural projects related to theUkrainian Canadian experience. Thefoundation has been funding Oseredoksince 1976 with annual donations ranging from S 1,500 to 52,000.The recent increase in the size of theannual contribution indicates the growing interest and concern of the Ukrainian community in maintaining andsupporting O seredok, a unique culturalfacility w hich houses a museum , artgallery, library and arc hives, and pr o vides extension services to all Canadians.

H arvard's R efugee,,.(Cont inued from page 6)"from above," from the standpoint ofthe regime itself. Such sources on thesurface seem to tell a completely different tale, but once properly evaluatedare even more damning in revealing thedeliberately cold and calculated natureof what was done and why.These sources, and the reason Ukrainians were singled out by Stalin asspecial victims will be discussed in alater report.

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N o. 17 T H E U K R A I N IA N W E E K L Y S U N D A Y , A P R I L 2 5 , 1 9 8 2 930 community lea d ers ta ke p a r t in UNA-sponsored work ing weekend

by Andrew A. MetilKERHON KSON , N Y . - Participant s in a recent UN A-sponsor edworkshop said that, by talking to eachother, Ukrainian community activistscan discover that they share manyproblems and can help each other lookfor solutions.One of the participants, Halya

jeckyj of Philadelph ia, said she haddiscovered that "there is a light at theend of the tunnel."Another, Jurij Hreshchyshyn ofBuffalo, N .Y., said, "To those thatare still pulling the load, it would seemthat better times are on the way."It's important to observe the localsituation from a national perspective.There are more interested people outthereJhan I thought." -Janet Berkuta of the Baptist YouthOrganization, added, "I found outwhat we all have in common."The three were among the 30 participants in a Sharing a n d CommunicatingWorkshop sponsored by the fraternalactivities office of the U krainian N ational Association and held at the UN Aresort, Soyuzivka, on April 2-4.During the weekend, the participantssought to define theirrespectiveorganizations' strengths and weaknesses andto determine how the "peripheral"Ukrainians , part icularly the young,could be drawn into the mainstream ofcommunity life.This was done through discussion

sparked by five presentations by invited speakers: Dr. Ihor Zielyk of SetonHall University on "Todayls UkrainianCommunity"; George Martynuk ofTurner Construction Co., New York,on "Public Relations a s a Valuable Toolin Strengthening Your Community orOrganization"; Zenon Onufryk of theMedia Action Coalition on "Visibilityand Accuracy in the Media"; SisterDorothea Mihalko SMI of the YoungAdult Apostolate of the UkrainianCatholic Diocese of Stamford on "Grass-Roots Recruiting"; and Orest Bedrij,who elaborated on the ancient dictum"Know Thyself."

The organizationsrepresentedat theconference included the UkrainianBaptist Youth Organization, theL e a g u e o f U k r a i n i a n C a t h o lic Youth, Plast and the Association of American Youth of UkrainianDescent (ODUM).Other participants included studentand community activists from Philadelphia, New York, Buffalo, N.Y ., Albany,N .Y. , Elmira, N .Y. , Johnson City,N .Y., Milford, Conn., Hartford, Conn.,Carteret, N.J., Passaic, N .J., and SouthBound Brook, N.J.After each had the opportun ity tointroduce himself on Saturday morning, the entire group heard Dr. Zielykspeak.The Seton Hall sociologist said thatassimilation is "predictable and irreversible."

Oiefa Maczaj of Plast and Natalia Pawlenko of ODUM discuss Improvement ofcommunications Unks between the tw o you th organizations.

Seen during an informal discussion are (from left) Roma Szkilnyk of Ph iladelphia,Theresa Yakowec of the League of Ukrainian Catholic Youth in Ohio, Janet andAndriy Berkuta of the Baptist Youth Organization, Eta Pogoda of the Carteret,N .J., UN A branch, and Denise Haszyc of the LUCY - Ohio.

An evening social brought together (from left) Rom a and Walter Korchynsky ofElmira, N.Y ., Ulana Hawryluk of Scb enectady, N .Y., Oleh MaczaJ of Plast, JurijHreshchyshyn of Buffalo, N.Y., and Orya S