the ukrainian weekly 1982-44

8/14/2019 The Ukrainian Weekly 1982-44

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Н ї " pu blis he d by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association!

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V o l . L N o . 44 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 31 ,1 98 2 25 cents

Arrest Yevhen Antonenko-Davydovych B i s h o p R o h o r e c k l d i e sELLICO TT CITY, Md. - The son

of well-known Ukrainian poet anddissident mentor Borys Antonenko-Davydovych was arrested during thesummer and sentenced to four years'imprisonment, reported the SmoloskypUkrainian Information Service.

According to recent reports fromUkra ine , Yevhen Antonenko-D avydovych, 30, was tr ied in Kiev, theUkrainia n capital, on a criminal charge,the exact nature of which is not known.Reports indicate that the prosecutorhad asked for a six-year term.

The younger Davydovych ,"whosefather was exiled in the early 1930sduring Stalin's massive crackdown on

U k r a i n i a n w r i t e r s , h a d p r e v i o u s l yserved a five-year sentence in 1971-76.The following y ear, he was sentenced t oa one-year term. 1

The e lde r Davydovych , now 83 ,gained prom inence in 1928 with the

p u b l i c a t i o n o f h i s n o v e l , " S m e r t "("Death"). In the early 1930s, he andscores of other Ukrainian writers andintellectuals were exiled from Ukraine.Many o f h i s con tempora r ies Wereе л ecu ed .

Rehabilitated in the 1950s, he returned to Ukraine, where a volume ofhis short stories was published in 1959.He fell out of official favor in the 1960s.

Support Ukrainian Helsinki Group DayOn June21 the-b.Sreongresspassed a'concurrent resolntiori(H.

rCohtRe^-

205) which confirms that the Soviet Union, despite guarantees in its ownconstitution and in various international agreements it has signed —

especially the 1975 Helsinki Accords signed by the US SR alon g with 34 statesincluding the United States and Canada, the U.N. Charter and the UniversalDeclaration of Hum an Rights - continues to violate these comm itments "bydenying to th e citizens of U kraine rights of national identity and basic humanrights in every walk of life," and it "flagrantly persecutes and imprisons thecitizens of Ukraine w ho are lawfully engaged in asking their government forthe institution of national and human rights in Ukraine."

The resolution further confirms that "continued violations by the SovietUnion of human rights, and in particular, its persecution of the members ofthe" Ukrainian Helsinki Monitoring Group, are factors that contribute totensions between the East and West ." For these reasons, Congressrecommended that the president of the United States set aside November 9,the day the Ukrainian Helsinki Group was founded in 1976, as a day honoringthe group , and demand that the Soviets "release incarcerated m embers of thegroup" and "cease the persecution and imprisonment of those citizens inUkraine a sking for th e institution of nationa l, civil and individual rights inaccordance with the Soviet Constitution, the United Nations Charter, the

Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Helsinki Accords."In accordance with the resolution, President Ronald Re agan on Septemb er23 issued a proclamation whicho'esignated November 9 "as a day honoringthe sixth anniversary of the establishment of the Ukrainian Public Group toPromote the Implementation of the Helsinki Accords."

In the proclamation, the president also declared: "In commemorating thesixth anniversary of the founding of the Ukrainian Helsinki MonitoringGro up, we renew our d etermination never to forget the valiant struggle of thepeoples of Ukraine for their inalienable rights, and we pledge to d o all wecan to ameliorate the plight of those Ukrainians who have been persecuted bythe Soviet authorities for attempting to assert their rights."

Hence, the Congress and the president - our Congress and our president— have made an authoritative and significant statement We, U.S. citizens ofUkrainian descent,now hav e the importa nt obligation to do everything in ourpower to make sure th at word becomes deed.

For the proper actualization of the congressional resolution and thepresidential proclamation, a committee has been formed through theinitiative of the External Representation of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group,

and it has already begun making plans to take advantage of the opportunityprovided by the resolution and the presidential proclam ation declaring a dayhonoring the Ukrainian Helsinki Group.

We, the leadership of Ukrainian fraternal associations tha t througho ut thehistory of American Ukraine have conducted similar actions, wholeheartedlysupport and ally ourselves with the actions of the committee and ask all ourmembers and branches, as well as the entire patriotic Ukrainian Americancommunity, to participate.Jersey City, N.J . - Scran ton, Pa. October 1982

Supreme Executive Committee of the Ukrainian National AssociationExecutive Committee of the Ukrainian Fraternal Association

T O R O N T O - B i s ho p A n d r e wRoborecki of the Saskatoon Eparchy inCanada died of a heart a t tack onSaturday, October 23, herewhile atten ding the convention of the Brotherhoodof Ukrainian Catholics. He was 71.

Bishop Roborecki was born in Mosty-Veiyki, western Ukraine, on December12, 1910. He arrived in Canada as ayoung boy with his parents. He graduated from St. Paul College in W innipegin 1929 and from St. Augustine RomanCatholic Seminary in Toronto in 1934.That same year in Winnipeg he wasordained into the priesthood.

He served Ukrainian Catholic parishesin Dauphin and Roblin, and other citiesin the province of Manitoba, as well asSt. Josap hat Parish in Toronto,

In 1948 he was appointed auxiliarybishop of the Ukra inian Catho licEparchy of Winnipeg and was conse

crated in Toronto . He was subsequentlyappointed exarch of Saskatoon in 1951and eparch of Saskatoon in 1956.

Bishop Andrew Roborecki

Bishop Roborecki was a member of

v a r i o u s U k r a i n i a n a n d C a n a d i a nCatholic organizations, including theCouncil of Ukrainian Catholic Bishops.

S l a v i s t r s e e k H e l s in k i m o n i t o r s ' r e le a s eWASHIN GTON - The American

Association for the Advancement ofSlavic Studies, meeting here on October14-17, drew up an appeal to SovietPresident Leonid Brezhnev and Volo-dymyr Shcherbytsky, head of the Communist Party of Ukraine, urging them

H i e r a r c h s a s k s p r a y e r sfo r U k r a i n i a n d is s id e n t s

PHILAD ELPHIA - U.S. Ukrainian Catho lic hierarchs here have askedthat Church members in the UnitedStates offer a prayer for persecutedUkrainian dissidents on Sunday, November 7, in conjunction with President Ronald Reagan's proclamationdesignating November 9 as a day commem orating the formation of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group.

The brief appeal, issued on October22, urges Ukrainian Catholics to "askGod in His mercy to help those suffering in Ukraine and in exile to.persevere

in their faith in God, our UkrainianC a t h o l i c C h u r c h a n d t h e U -kra in ian na t i on , fend to b r in gan end to their suffering andallow them to live in peace and liberty,and with the freedom to worship Godand to work to safeguard Church andnational attainments."

The appeal was signed by Metropolitan Stephen Sulyk, Bishop Basil Lostenof Stamford, Bishop Innocent Lotockyof Chicago and Auxiliary Bishop RobertMoskal of Philadelphia.

to release imprisoned members of all theHelsinki groups, reported the Smoloskyp Ukrainian Information Service.

The appeal, signed by 82 Slavistsattending the AAASS's 14th convention, said that the imprisonment ofmembers of the groups, set up tomonitor Soviet compliance with the1975 Helsinki Accords, "casts doubt on

- the Soviet Union's commitment" to the

agreement.

Copies of the appeal were also sent tothe Soviet U.N. Mission, the SovietCouncil of Ministers, the Soviet Supreme Court, as well as other Sovietofficials and several Soviet newspapers.

Two Soviet Slavists, Vladimir Miko-yan from the Soviet Embassy andHenryk Trofymenko from the Institutefor the Study of the U.S.A., had beeninvited but failed to attend.

Several Ukrainian scholars and professionals took part in the conference.Among the Ukrainians taking part inthe panels were Yuriy Bozhyk, RomanSerbyn, Ivan Lysiak-Rudnytsky, Stepan

Rapaviy, Roman Solchanyk, RomanSzporluk, Stepan Horak and MartaBohachevsky-Chomiak.

Several Ukrainian organizations hadset up information booths, includingSmoloskyp, which displayed samples ofUkrainian samvydav, and the Shev-chenko Sc ien t i f i c Soc ie ty and theUkra in ian Academy of Ar t s andSciences, which had a joint display ofscholarly materials in Ukrainian andEnglish.



T H E U K R A I N I A N W E E K LY S U N D A Y , O C TO B ER 3 1 . 1 9 8 2 Ha 44

Dissident profile

Vasyl Stus:

persecuted poet

- JERSEY CITY, N.J. - In 1959,^a sy l Stus, then 21 years old, seemedto have a future of limitless possibi-

l Jities as a rising young Ukrainian' poet. His early poetry was being, published in various Ukrainian

periodicals. In 1963, his major poetry' began appearing in Dnipro, a leading

literary journa l. L ess then 10 yearslater, however, his career came to anabrupt end when he was arrested for"anti-Soviet agitation and propagand a ." The road f rom buddingyoung poet to social pariah was along and painful one, and it ranparallel to the poet's commitment tothe cause of human rights n Ukraine.

Vasyl Stus was born January 8,1938. After graduating from a pedagogical institute, he served in the RedArmy before enrolling as a degreecandidate in the Taras ShevchenkoInstitute of the Ukrainian Academyof Sciences. By the early 1960s, hehad gained a reputation as a talentedpoet, literary critic and translator.

But as his creative powers blossomed, so did his concern for thenational and human rights of hisfellow Ukrainians, many of whomwere being arrested and put on trialin the early 1960s.

In 1965, risking his reputation as amajor poet, Mr. Stus began writingnumerous^appeahTon behalf of persecuted Ukrainian intellectuals anddissidents. On September 4 of thatyear he, along with waiters Ivan

Dziuba and Yuriy Badzio, interrupteda screening at the Ukraina movietheater in Kiev, and urged fellowUkrainians to speak out against thearrests and closed trials of the "She-stydesiatnyky" which had just begunin Ukraine.

As a result of the incident, Mr.Stus was expelled from the Shevchenko Institute and was not allowedto complete his dissertation. Hispoetry, once so highly regarded,suddenly disappeared from the pagesof the Soviet Writer, and within ayear he lost his position as graduateresearcher at the Na tional H istoricalArchives.

Forced to seek employm ent as a

manual laborer, Mr. Stus workedmainly on subway construction projects , but he was quickly f ired,ostensibly because he was workingoutside his profession.

In 1967 he wrote an open letter tothe Presidium of the Writers' Unionof Ukraine in which he criticized thelegal proceedings at the trial that yearof journalist Vyacheslav Chornovil.

Mr. Chornovil, wh o in 1966 refused to testify at the trials ofMykhailo Horyn and others becauseof illegalities in the pro ceedings, washimself sentenced to three years'imprisonment. He was charged with"slandering the Sov iet state" forcompiling a set of docuqaents that

catalogued the many violations ofSoviet law and judicial proceduresthat had occurred at the trials ofseveral Ukrainian intellectuals.

Mr. Stus's open letter was a response to an article by O. Poltarskycritical of Mr. Chornovil which hadappeared in the journal LiteraturnaUkraina.

In April of the following year, Mr.Stus's signature appeared along w ith138 other Ukrainian activists,on an

Vasyl S t u s

appeal to Soviet President LeonidBrezhnev, Communist Party headAlexei Kosygin and Ukrainian Communist Party leader Nikolai Pod-gorny scoring the illegality of thetrials of the Ukrainian intellectuals.

In the first week of 1972, Mr. Stusjoined the Citizen's Committee inDefense of Nina Strokata, politicalactivist and wife of Sviatoslav Kara-vansky, who had been sentenced tofour years' imprisonment for "anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda"earlier that year.

Shortly after, on January 12,1972 ,Mr. Stus was arrested and chargedwith "anti-Soviet agitation and pro

paganda" under Article 62 of theUkrainian Criminal Code, the all-embracing clause in the code which .allows authorities to detain dissidents on the pretext of maintainingnational security.

During his trial that September,the prosecution accused Mr. Stus ofallow ing his poetry to be pub lished inthe West. They also tried to certifythe young poet insane. He was sentenced to five years in a labor camp tobe followed by three years' internalexile.

Mr. Stus served his labor-campterm in Perm and Mordovia, wherehe was the subject of consta nt harassment. In November 1975, while being

transported to Mordovia, Mr. Stuswas attacked and stabbed by anassai lant purported to be a pro-fascist extremist. His wounds were sosevere that he required hospitaliza-tion.

In 1976 , while in Camp 17 inMordovia, Mr. Stus had 300 of hispoems confiscated, alo ng w ith translations he had made from Goethe,Rilke, Kipling and other foreignpoets.

While in the labor camp, Mr. Stushad to undergo stomach surgery foracute ulcers. Two months after theoperat ion, he was denied a prescribed special diet needed for recovery.

Exiled to the Magadansk region in1977, Mr. Stus was forced to work inthe mines despite a worsening heartcondition. In addition, he was continually harassed.

In July 1978, a local newspaperbranded the poet a "vicious fascist,",c l a iming tha t he was "ready t obutcher, plunder, kill."

After completing his term, Mr.Stus returned to Kiev where he

(Condoned on pace 12) ..

KGB nabs Ukrainian fugitive

who tried to flee to WestJERSEY CITY, N.J. - A Ukrainian

who had served time for trying to escapeto Finland in 1974 and had been inhiding for nearly a year to escape re-arrest was recently taken into custodyby the KGB in the Tyumen region ofSiberia, reported the Smoloskyp Ukrainian Information Service.

Oleksander Sh atravka, 32, an authorwhose works had appeared in severalunderground publications, was chargedwith "anti-Soviet agitation and propagand a." H e had sought refuge in Siberiain 1981 after getting word that his arrestwas imminent.

In 1974, Mr. Shatravka and a groupof friends crossed the Finnish frontier

and asked for po litical asylum. Instead,the Finns turned the group over toSoviet au thorities, and he was sentencedto seven yea rs' imprisonment. Mr.Shatravka reportedly took the actionafter numerous appeals to be allowed toemigrate had failed.

After his release in 1981, he learnedthat the KGB was planning to re-arresthim a nd he fled to the remote Tyumenregion. After his arrest, he was returnedto Ukraine.

Mr. Shatravka is the author of abook , published in samvydav, titled "IfYou are Sick of Freedom, or the Stomach of a Cannibal."

Ukrainian poet arrestedAM STE RDA M, Nether lands -

Sources in Ukraine report that IrynaRatushynska, a 28-year-old poet, wasarrested by the KGB in Kiev on September 17 and cha rged with "anti-Sovie t agi t a t i on and propaganda ,"reported the Smoloskyp UkrainianInformation Service.

Ms. Ratushynska, a physicist who ismarried to the son of a member of theUkrainian Academy of Sciences, hasreportedly been seeking permission toleave the Soviet Union for several years.

Her poetry has appeared in samvydav.

Soviet underground publications, andher signature ha s appeared on numerousappeals on behalf of imprisoned human-rights a ctivists.

In June, agents of the KGB, theSov iet secret po lice, reportedly searchedher Kiev apartment and seized severalvolumes of unpublished samvydavmaterials. At the same time, securityagents conducted searches at the homesof psychiatrist Natalia Kutsenko andher husband, Borys Shulmann, andwriter Pavlo Protsenko and his wife,Iryna Diakiv, according to Sm oloskyp.

"Pa ras i t i sm" law passed in PolandWARSA W - The Polish Parlia

ment passed a law on October 26providing for forced labor, or evenimprisonment, for "social parasites"and "shirkers" who cannot prove thatthey are gainfully employed, reportedThe New York Times.

In approving the measure, the authorities dismissed a letter from theCatholic leadership urging that the billnot be passed because it was "contraryto the social interest." Similar legislation has been proposed in the past, buthas been opposed by intellectuals,some political figures and the CatholicChurch, all of whom argued that itcould be used for political purposes.

Similar measures are on the books inCzechoslovakia and the Soviet Union,

where the "parasitism" law has beenused by the regime to arrest and prosecute dissidents and social undesirables.

The new regulation now gives martial-law authorities the right not only todismiss, dissident workers who actively-"noort the outlawed Solidarity trade

union, but to punish them as "work-shirkers" for being unemployed.

According to the Times, the bi l lrequires all able-bod ied m en between 18and 45 years old who are not employedor enrolled in school to explain whatthey do for a living.

If the explanation is deemed unsatisfactory, they would be registered as"work-shirkers." The state would thenfind them a job or a place of study andthey could a lso be called on to perform60 days of compulsory work a yearduring "emergencies."

Anyone refusing to register or tocarry out the compulsory work could befined or jailed or have his apartmenttaken aw ay, a severe punishment, giventhe acute housing shortage.

The new law could presumably beused against the 50 workers dismissedfrom the Gdansk Shipyard three weeksago for trying to organize a strike toprotest the outlawing of Solidarity. Itappears these men will now befrequiredto register with the state.

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N o J i T H E U K R A I N IA N W E E K L Y S U N D A Y . O C T O B E R 3 1 . 1 9 8 2 3I ,

NEW YORK - Amnesty International, issuing its yearly review ofpol i t ica l imprisonment and relatedhuman-rights violations, said on October 26 the world com munity must faceup urgently to the use of politicalkillings by governments.

Citing examples from El Salvador,

Syria and several other states, AI said inits annual report that thousands ofpeople were killed in 1981 "by order oftheir government or with its complicity."

Amnesty International said it wasdetermined to campaign worldwideagainst such killing, which was oftenlinked to another abuse it has spotl ighted — the "di sappearance" o fpeople abducted or arrested by authorities.

"Governments must not be allowedto evade re spons ibi l i ty when theychoose to obl i terate suspected opponents," the report stressed.

The Amnesty International Report

1982 conta ins country-by-countrysummaries of many other abuses —including torture, the death penalty andimprisonment of people for their ideasor origins - and of the struggle to endthem. It has separate entries on 121countries and regional reviews of developments in 1981.

The report contains documentedfacts o n executions in Iran — more than2,600 d uring the year - and the unfairtrials that preceded them, "disappearances" and torture, in Chile , thecontinuing drive against all forms ofdissent in the So viet Union, executionsin South Africa and other developments. Indian peasants in Bolivia, wall-poster writers in China, objectors of

military service in Western Euro pe, andthousands of ordinary people all overthe world are reflected in its 367 pages.The common denominator is the violation of their fundamental rights ashuman beings.

The report's preface points out that

Amn esty International last year launcheda publicity campaign to expose the"disappearance" of po litical op ponentsat the hands of government forces. Both"disappearances" and unlawful killingby governments, it says, "represent anoutright attack on values and rightswhich the world comm unity ha s struggledto establish."

In El Salvador, mutilated bodies arefound after soldiers or police arrestpeople who are suspected o f oppo sitionor who merely live in suspect areas. "InGuatemala, thousands of people described by governm ent representatives as'subversives' and 'criminals' have beenshot on the spot or seized and killedlater," the report says. In Syria, securityforces were reported in 1981 to havesealed off comm unities, dragged peoplefrom their homes and shot them.

Reports of k illings by troops or policehave continued to come from othercountries, including India, the Philippines, Bolivia and Colombia.

"The extent of the practice and itsrecurrence in different countries leadAmnesty International to believe thatthe problem must now be confronted bythe international community as a matterof the utmost urgency," the report says.

The 1982 report covers the calendaryear from Janua'y to December 1981,and does not cover recent instances oflarge-scale killings of civilians such asthose in Lebanon and Guatemala.

Amnesty International, 21 years oldthis year, now has more than 350,000members and supporters in over 150countries.

C I U S p l a n s s y m p o s i u mo n b i l i n g u a l l e a r n i n g

EDMONT ON - The Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies (CIUS) willhold its first academic symposium onteaching and learning in the Ukrainianlanguage, titled "Osvita: Teaching andLearning in Ukrainian," on No vember 5and 6 at the University of Alberta.

The symposium, w hich will be held inLister Hall, will concentrate on theUkrainian-English bilingual programwhich was introduced on a trial ba sis inthe Alberta schobi system in 1974 and

adopted in 1976.Participants of the seven panels, who

will discuss directions for the future ofthe educational research, include scholars at the university and former graduate students who have completedtheir research and currently teach in, orprovide support services for, the bilingual program.

The panel will cover: Ukrainianlanguage as it exists; Ukrainian language as it is learned; verbal processes inthe Ukrainian bi l ingual c lassroom;evaluation of Ukrainian bilingual classrooms; Ukrainian language behavior:teacher and parent; Ukrainian languagelearning: the socia l dimension; andUkrainian learning: the political dimen

sion.Opening remarks will be presented by

Manoly R. Lupul; the luncheon add resswill be delivered bv Jim Cummings, theauthor of a work titled "Bilingualismand Minority-Language Children."

The two-da y conference is open to thepublic. For more information pleasewrite to Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, 352 Athabasca Hall,University o f Alberta, Ed monton, Alta.T6G 2E8; or telephone (403) 432-2972.

WASH INGTON - President Ro nald Reagan has nominated Dr. Lev E.Dobriansky, an economics professor atGeorgetown University in Washington,to become the U.S. ambassador to theCommonwealth of the Bahamas.

An annoucement made Mond ay,October 25, said that Dr. Dobrianskywill succeed William Schwartz in theCaribbean post. The nomination mustbe approved by the U.S. Senate.

Dr. Dobriansky, 64, a Ukrainiancommunity activist for many years, wasborn in New York City.

He has taught economics at NewYork and Georgetown universities, andhas been director of the Institute onComparative Political and EconomicSystems at Georgetown Universitysince 1970.

He has also been a member of thefaculty of the National War College andan adviser to the State Department.

Among the organizations in which hehas held executive positions are the

National Captive Nations Committeeand the Ukrainian Congress Committee

WASH INGTON - The Justice Department moved on October 22 todeport Bohdan Koziy, who allegedlyconcealed his activities with the German-controlled Ukrainian police duringWorld War II, reported United PressInternational.

The government filed papers in U.S.Immigration Court in Miami againstJhe 59-year-Old Fort Lauderdale hotel-keeper, whose^ citizenship was' revoked

in March by a federal judge forallegedly failing to disclose his background when applying for immigrationto the United States.

The Office of Special Investigations,

CAMB RIDGE, Mass. - To commemorate the millennium of the Chris-tianization of Rus'-Ukraine in 988, theHarvard Ukrainian Research Instituteis proposing the publication of criticaleditions of the three earliest chroniclesof Rus': the Povist' vremennykh lit (to1116); the Kievan Chronicle (1118-98)and the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle(1205-89).

Translations of these chronicles intoEnglish will be included. Prof. HoraceG. Lunt of Harvard University willtranslate the Povist' vremennykh lit,Prof. Tatiana Cizevska of Wayne StateUniversity will translate the KievanChronicle, and Prof. George Perfeckywill be asked to prepare a second editionof his translation of the Galician-Volhynian C hronicle that was publishedin 1973.

It was in 1973 that Prof. OmeljanPritsak, director of the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, outlined, in thepreface to Prof. Perfecky's translation

of the Galician-Volynian Chronicle, aproject that would include criticaleditions of both the Kievan and Gali-.cian-Volhynian Chronicles as well as atranslation of the Kievan Chron icle intoEnglish!

The editorial board in charge of thecritical editions will include Dr. Pritsak,Ihor Sevchcnko, Prof. G. Lunt,Edward L. Keenan, Bohdan Struminskiand Huge Olmsted, a l l of HarvardUniversity. -

Dr. Lev E. Dobriansky

of America. He was a recipient of theShevchenko Freedom Award in 1964.

He has also been active in the Republican National Committee.

an arm of the Justice Department, saidthat Mr. Koziy failed to disclose he hadparticipated in the murder of a Jewishfamily in 1943 while serving with thepolice in Ukraine.

Most of the evidence against Mr.Koziy during the trial, which began onSeptember 15, 1981, was supplied byseven alleged eyewitnesses whose testimony - was videotaped in the Soviet

Union and Poland.In addition, the Soviets supplied the

prosecution with documents purportedto prove Mr. Koziy's membership in thepolice unit.

Timely and accurate realization ofthe project, which will be a majoradvance on all previous editions, willrequire computer assistance and theestablishment of principles of textualcriticism. Thus, two HURI associateswho have specialized in these areas,

Zack Deal and Dona ld Ostrowski, willcarry out the day-to-day task of preparing the critical edition under the watchful eyes of the editorial board.

The expense of the project will not besmall — an estimate for preparing thecritical editions alone using computerassitance has been SI50,000. Fortunately, the Na tional End owment for theH uma nities has expressed an interest inthe project and will give serious consideration to funding that part of theproject. However, that funding, shouldit come, would include neither publicat ion costs , nor preparat ion of thetranslations.

With computer assistance the firstpart of the project, that is, the criticaleditions on which the translationswill be based, can be completed withinthree years, according to the H URI.

HURI spokesmen added that withthe support of the Ukrainian StudiesFund-and the encouragement of theUkrainian community there should beno obstacle to completing the entireproject before the millennium celebration in 1988.

Soviets ma y bu y

W estern b utterJERSEY CITY.N.J. -App arently

ignoring the old Mao ist adage "butterwill make us fat, guns will make usstrong," the Soviet Union is poised to '

make huge purchases of the creamystuff from the European EconomicCommunity, which is unwittinglybeing pushed to sell by the UnitedStates.

According to The Economist ,butter production has risen dramatically this year in all EEC memberstates except West Germany. Apartfrom the Soviets, nobody else is inthe market for the amo unt of butterthe community will have to disposeof by the end of the year.

Thus far, the EEC's 18-month banon subsidied sales has prevented suchsales, but a compromise solution isin the works which will allow thebutter to flow eastward.

The EEC is expected to lift thebutter ban partly because the UnitedSta te s , whose but ter s t ocks arealready at record levels, will supply iteither directly. or indirectly by dumping it on the world market.

But until the EE Cs final decision,expected to come within the next fewweeks, the Soviets will have to w ait abit before being, ahem, buttered-upby the West.

J u s t i c e D e p a r t m e n t m o v e s t o d e p o r t K o z i y

H U R I to publish early chronicles



4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. OCTOBER 3 1 . 1 9 8 2 No. 44

Temple's Ukrainian Club resumes activity N.J. Ukrainians host SmithPHIL ADE LPH IA - Entering its

22nd year, the Temple University Ukrainian Association revived itself in thenew academic year by electing thefollowing officers: Bohdan Patrylak,pres ident ; Maryana Mychai luk,vice president; Oksana Mychailuk,secretary; Julia Ichtiarow, treasurer;and Roman Lup an, coordinator ofintercollegiate affairs.

Am ong its planned activities, the clubwill sponsor an Intercollegiate StudentEvening on November 20 at 6 p.m. atthe Ukrainian Cultural and Educational Center in Abington, Pa. Thissocial affair will include entertainmentby the members of student clubs atvarious colleges in Philadelphia. Officersof those clubs are urged to contact theircolleagues at Temple.

Present at the club's first meetingwas its adviser, Prof. Volodymyr Ban-de r a , w ho c ongr a t u l a t e d t heoutgoing president, Bohdan Besaha,and his supporters for their outstandingperformance during the past year.Especially significant was the club's tripto Rep. William Gray in Washingtonwith an appeal on behalf of imprisoned patriot Oles Berdnyk who has anofficial invitation to lecture at TempleUniversity.

The club also discussed plans forthe repetition o f the course "UkrainianCulture and Civilization" during thespring semester. This three-credit course

is scheduled as Slavic 142, for Mondaysand Wednesdays at 12:30-1:45 p.m.,and will be taught by Prof. EleonoraAdams of the Slavic Department.Students will also listen to several guestlecturers and go on field trips. Previousparticipants in that course offered theirenthusiastic recommendations. Whilenine students have signed up already, itis important that others take the course

as an elective. Additional informationmay be obtained by phoning Dr.Bandera at (215) 787-5039.

The Temple University UkrainianAssociation has its mailbox and a clubroom in the Student Activity Centerwhere friends meet regularly aroundnoontime. The new president said hehopes that even those "Ukes" who havetight schedules will support the club anduse the many opportunities to makenew friends and cultivate their Ukrainian roots.

The Ukrainian Association is supported actively by several faculty members as well as by many alum ni. Indeed,the participation of the alumni in the

annual Temple U. Ukrainian Forumand their financial contributions go along way in supporting and encouraging the students to pursue social andcultural activities year after year.

The Providence Associat ion, theUkrainian Savings and Loan Association and other organizations have alsosupported the tw o accredited courses atTemple University through donations.

Manor students hold fund-raiserЬ у Roman Dubenko

JENKINT OW N, Pa. - The Ukrai

nian Cultural Student Club at ManorJunior College opened the 1982-83academic year with a Ukrainian Festivalat Manor Junior College on September19, and by selling candied apples to raisefunds to purchase and send Ukrainianbooks and textbooks to underprivi-ledged Ukrainian children in Argentina.

The club has been involved in similarcharitable activities before, as witnessedby last year's Christmas donation to St.Basil's Orphanage in Philadelphia, agesture which the club plans to repeatthis Christmas.

The club performs a number offunctions at the school, includingsponsoring the traditional Christmas

"Sviata Vechera" (to be held this yearon December 12), serving as a support

group for the Ukrainian HeritageStudies Center (UHSQ at Manor, aswell as playing a social role in organiz

ing various student activities.This year's officers are: Lola Chy-

chula and Genya Pastuszok, presidents;Janet Schellhardt, vice-president; BonnyDeutermann, secretary; and KathyKelly, treasurer. The club's mod eratorsare Christine Izak, curator at the UHSCMuseum, and Roman Dubenko, coordinator of the UHSC and Manorfaculty member.

The Ukrainian Cultural Club ishoping to sponsor a series of get-togethers with other Ukrainian clubs atarea colleges and universities in the nearfuture. For further informa tion regarding the Manor Jun ior College UkrainianCultural Student Club please contact

Mrs. Izak at (215) 885-2360, ext. 15, orRoman Dubenko at 885-2360, ext. 19.

HURI launches Speakers Seriesby Oksana Piaseckyj

BOSTO N - The Greater Bostonbranch of the Friends of HarvardUkrainian Research Institute and theUkrainian Club of Boston initiated itsSpeakers Series for 1982-83 on September 26, at Harvard University withjournalist and historian Ivan Hvataddressing "The Ukrainians in Polandafter 1945 - The Lemko Issue."

Mr. Hvat, a graduate student ofhistory and political science at theUniversity of Munich, Germany, is afree lance journalist for Radio FreeEurope, and writes extensively aboutUkrainians in socialist countries, primarily those in Poland and Czechoslovakia.

Currently a research associate at theHarvard Ukrainian Research Institute,Mr. Hvat is researching the Lemkos forhis book "Lemkivskyj Zbirnyk" to bepublished next year.

Mr. Hvat explained the politicalreasons for keeping the Lemkos almostinvisible from the Polish population,until ironically an article in LiteraturnaUkraine in 1968, titled "In Poland LiveUkrainians" exposed their existence.

Mr. Hvat recreated the painful historyof the Lemko forced resettlements, themisunderstandings between them andthe Ukrainian nationalists, and suggested that the present situation for Lemk os

in Poland is not encouraging. Althoughthey have been officially recognized toexist as a minority with rights, theeconomic situation in Poland precludesany significant rehabilitative projects,such as the restoration of destroyedchurches or establishment o f Ukrainianschools.

The next guest speaker in the SpeakersSeries on October 24, will be George G.Grabowicz , present ing hi s newlypublished book on Shevchenko, "ThePoet as Mythmaker."

by Boshena Olshaniwsky

TRE NTO N, N.J. - Ukrainians ofTrenton and yicinity, under the graciouschairmanship of Oksana Mykytyn,played host on Sunday, October 2, toRep. Christopher H. Smith, the Republican candidate from NewJersey's 4th District to the United StatesCongress. The occasion was the annual

picnic of the Ukrainian National Homein Trenton.

The usual fare of delicious holubtsi,varenyky and home-made cakes wasserved and, after sampling the delicacies, Rep. Smith lingered and shookhands with the crowd. He was officiallyintroduced after his arrival by DanMarchishin and Ihor Olshaniwsky andthen was welcomed by Mrs. Mykytyn.

His brief to-the-point speech stressedhis commitment to human rights or theoppressed Ukrainians in the SovietUnion and his feeling of responsivenessto the needs of his constituents. Aguided tour was arranged by theMykytyns and Dr. Omelian Kocopey

through the Ukrainian National Home,which has been designated a historicallandmark and on ce belonged to arelative of Napoleon.

Rep. Smith, though only a freshmancongressman, has participated in manycongressional actions in defense ofUkrainian political prisoners. One of

Rep. Christopher H. Smith

his biggest accomplishments was thesponsorship of the House ConcurrentResolution 205 in the House of Representatives on October 21, 1981, whichpassed both Houses on June 21, andwhich resulted in PresidentialProclamation No. 4973 designatingNovember 9, 1982, as the Day of the

Ukrainian Helsinki Group.He also wrote and coordinated a jointletter to Leonid Brezhnev and wassuccessful in getting 106 other congressmen and senators to co-sign it with himin the defense of seriously ill and exiledUkrainian writer and poet Ivan Svitly-chny.

Delaware candidate fetedWILMING TON, Del. - A cocktail

reception was held here in honor ofDennis E. Greenhouse, Democraticcandidate for Delaware state auditor.The chairpersons for this affair wereSen. Joseph R. Biden of Delaware andAnthony Murowany Jr., president ofMurowany Electric.

The reception was held at the residence of Mark Murowany, Mr. Greenhouse's campaign manager. During the1980 elections, he served as the trea-

S e e k s t h i r d t e r m

a s s t a t e rep

Myron J. Kulas

CHICAG O - Myron J. Kulas, aUkrainian American from Chicago, ismaking a bid for his third term as a statecongressman in the 10th State Congressional District in Illinois. He is theDemocratic Party's choice for that seatin the November 2 election.

Mr. K ulas is an active member of the

Ukrainian community in Chicago,having served as president of the U krainian American Youth Associat ion(SUM -A) and managing officer of Security Savings and L oan Association. Heorganized an d directs a theatrical groupthat has recently appeared in severalUkrainian communities with its satireand comedy show.

As a state congressman he was instrumental in passing legislation whichallows credit for language training inUkrainian Saturday schools.

surer for this Democratic candidate.Among the people, who attended was

Wilmington Mayor. William Mclaughlin and State Treasurer Thomas Carper.Mr. Carper is presently seeking Republican Thom as Evans's congressionalseat.

The evening's festivities began withSen. Biden making a speech. In hisremarks, the senator underscored theimportance and the need for well-qualified candidates like Mr. Greenhouse.Mr. Biden concluded his comments bycalling upon the electorate to supportMr. Greenhouse in the Noverriberelections.

The next speaker was Mr. Greenhouse, who delivered a stinging attackon the Republican incumbent's record.

Mr. Greenhouse concluded theformal segment of the reception by thanking his hosts and those inattendance for their continued support.

Obituary

W alter S ywanyk,branch secretary

HILLSIDE, N.J. - Walter Sywanyk,secretary of UN A B ranch 43 for the past18 years, died here on Wednesday,October 20, the day of his 69th birthday.

Mr. Sywanyk was born in JerseyCity,N.J.,in 1913. He became a memberof the Ukrainian National Associationin 1948, and in 1964 was a co-founder ofthe Taras Shevchenko Society — UN ABranch 43 in Hillside, N.J. He served a s

the branch's first treasurer, and laterbecame its secretary.

Togethe'f w ith Wifflam Gural, formerHillside mayor, Mr. Sywanyk, enrolledmany young American-born Ukrainians into Branch 43.

Mr. Sywanyk was a delegate to fourUNA conventions, including the latestheld in May.

Surviving are his wife Anastasia, sonsMichael and Jaroslaw, and daughterAnna. The funeral was held Saturday,October 23.



N o . 44 T H E U K R A I N I A N W E E K L Y S U N D A Y . O C T OB E R 3 1 . 1982 5

C o n fe r e n c e e x p lo r e s

r e l a t i o n s b e t w e e n

U k r a i n i a n s a n d J e w sWASHINGT ON - An all-day con

ference on Capitol Н Ш explored theproblems and possibilities of bringingabout greater understanding and cooperation between the Ukrainian andJewish communities. The conference,held in the Rayburn House OfficeBuilding on Tuesday, September 21,brought together the leading advocatesof improved Jewish-Ukrainian relations from North America and Israel.

I t was conducted under the congressional sponsorship of Reps. Benjamin A . Gilman (R-N . Y.) and EdwardJ. Derwinski (R-Ill.), and was attendedby a number of their colleagues in theHouse.

The list of speakers addressing theconference included: UNA Vice President Myron Kuropas and David Roth,director of the Institute on Pluralismand Group Identity of the AmericanJewish Committee, both of Chicago;

Profs. Petro Potichnyj and HowardAster of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ont.; В oh dan Wytwycky, authorof "The Other Holocaust"; and IsraelKleiner and Yakov Suslensky, organizers of the Society for Jewish-Ukrainian Contacts in Jerusalem.

Among the U.S. representatives whocame to the conference were Eugene V.Atkinson (R-Pa.), Mario Biaggi (D-N.Y.), D ante Fascell (D-Fla.), Peter A.Peyser (D-N.Y.) and Eldon Rudd (R-Ariz.).

Stepan Procyk, president of theUkrainian Democratic Movement,which organized the conference, opened.the session by pointing out that theimportance of normalizing Ukrainian-

Jewish relations is reflected in theamount of Soviet propaganda aimedagainst it.

Greeting the participants, Rep. Gil-man said he was happy to take part inthe conference, which strives to improveties between Ukrainians and Jews. Thetwo peoples, he said, have much incommon — the tragedies of their historyand the richness of their cultures andtraditions.

Dr. Potichnyj and Dr. Aster gave ahistorical overview of Jewish-Ukrainian relations and discussed the reasonsfor some of the conflicts between thetwo communities. Their remarks werebased on a paper they presented at an

earlier conference irvCanada. The paperwas published in The U krainian Weeklyin six parts (July 18 through August 22.)

The author of "The Other Holocaust," D r. Wytw ycky, criticized Jewishchroniclers of the Holocaust for describing it as solely a J ewish tragedy andignoring the victims of other nationalities. There were Nazi collaboratorsamong all occupied nationalities —including Jews — but they were individuals and their guilt cannot be placedupon entire nations, he said.

Dr. Kuropas and Mr. Roth discussedUkrainian-Jewish relations in the Chicago area. They agreed that the timehad come to heal old wounds and worktoward improving future relations. Mr.

Roth, a leader in the Midwest division ofthe A JC, spoke ab out his efforts to thatend and about the problems he encountered on both s ides . The goodrelations that now exist are, for the mostpart, on the individual level, he said. Buthe expressed the hope that these tieswould expand with time.

Dr. Kleiner expressed his dismay thatJews in the West, in general, have anegative perception of Ukrainians. The

(Continued on page 13)

How to achieve Ukrainian" Jewish cooperation

Below are the texts of two addresses delivered at theconference on Ukrainian-Jewish relations held in Washington on September 21 . Dr. Myron B. Kuropas, vice president

Ukrainian perspectiveby Dr. Myron B. Kuropas

In a w ell-researched and interestinglywritten"treatise titled "Jewish Ukrain ianRelations: Two Solitudes," Drs. Potichnyj and Aster have provided us with ahistorical overview of a problem whichhas recently taken on new significancefor Ukrainians living in North Am erica.Even thoug h th e authors argue that theireffort is but a p reliminary investigationand m odestly conclude — as academicshave a wont to do— that "much work isrequired in the future" — their essayprovides important insights into thecomplexities of the problem.

Now that we are aware of the problems inherent in attempts to achievebetter cooperation between Ukrainiansand Jews, the question that remains tobe answered is: Where do Ukrainianswho wish to improve relations withJews go from here?

I have decided to address this question from a -lecidedly short-term perspective, not as an academic but as acommunity activist who has workedwith certain Jewish leaders in theUnited States and has reached someadmittedly biased conclusions basednot on extensive research but on personal experience.

My views are neither dispassionatenor are they representative of mostUkrainians. My ideas are nothing more— nor less - than a set of personal

biases developed as a result of manyhappy years o f fruitful cooperation andoccasional confrontat ion with Jewsassociated with the American JewishCommittee. As in all meaningful, long-term interpersonal relationships therehave been good times and bad times,

Jewish perspective.

but the ties have endured because theyare based on an honest and openapproach and a willingness to take

risks. My remarks, therefore, are in thenature of a series of highly personalrecommendations for Ukrainians interested in working in the decidedlyuncertain and ambiguous arena ofJewish-Ukrainian cooperation at a timewhen the m aintenance of ethno-nationalintegrity is so vital to the future of theUkrainian American community.

Before one can adequately addressthe future of Ukrainian-Jewish relations, one must first recognize theinfluence of the past on our two peoplesand its present impact on the perceptions each group has of the other.Reviewing the past dispassionately ishelpful but if one really wants to get atthe crux of our problem, it is necessary

to probe beneath the surface. This canbe very distressing, even p ainful, but it isan absolutely essential aspect of thehealing process. Because of what hasoccurred in the past, improving relationsbetween Ukrainians and Jews will beslow and often frustrating. It is for thisreason that the Ukrainian approachmust be based on realistic rather thanromantic expectations. Only in this waywill we avoid disappointment, disillusionment and the possibility of furtherestrangement.

Ukrainians working with Jews shouldrealize, first of all, that the vastmajorityof Jews in Am erica are totally indifferentto Ukrainian national aspirations. In

this regard, Jews are no different frommost other Americans.Ukrainians should also be aware —

and this is most important — that thereis a definite segment of the JewishAmerican community which is openlyhostile to our community. This is

of the Ukrainian National Association, provided a Ukrainianperspective on such relations, while Dr. Israel Kleiner of theSociety for Ukrainian-Jewish Contacts spoke from the

especially true of many Jewish Americans of East European ancestry andtheir offspring who , having had little if

any direct contact with Ukrainians inthe United States, base their understanding of the current Ukrainianreality on what they "remember" orhave learned regarding Ukrainians inthe old country. For whatever reasons,some justified, most n ot, Jewish Americans of this lineage believe Ukrainiansare anti-Semitic. Unfortunately, thisattitude has become part of Jewishfolklore in this country and regardlessof evidence to the contrary, BohdanKhmelnytsky, Symon Petl iura andBabyn Yar will remain as constantreminders to all such Jewish A mericansthat Ukrainians are — as suggested byLucy Dawidowicz and others - historically anti-Semitic. In their minds,

Ukrainians can never be trusted because— to reduce the problem to its mostprimitive terms - Ukrainians are, if notborn an ti-Semites, then certainly conditioned to be anti-Semites from an earlyage. Never mind that Khmelnytsky wasfighting to free his people from Polishoppression; that the Ukrainian NationalRepublic had a Ministry of JewishAffairs and a minority policy which byEast European standards was second tonone; that Petliura had no control overthe pogroms which wereSnspired by theRussian Black Hundreds and freewheeling atamans; that thousands of Ukrainians were also slaughtered at BabynYar; and that m any Ukrain ians shelteredJews from the Nazis at great risk o their

own lives and family security. At leasttwo gen erations of Jews have been -brought up to believe in Ukrainian anti-Semitism, and they have never questioned it. Many Jewish families, more-

(Continutd on page 13)

Jewish perspectiveby Dr. Israel Kleiner

An answer to the question "How to .achieve Jewish-Ukrainian cooperation?" makes sense only if both sides —the Ukrainian and the Jewish — agreethat such cooperation is necessary.There is no such agreement so far.

The Ukrainian side — practicallyspeaking, this means all emigre Ukrainian political groups and nationallyconscious Ukrainian dissidents in theSoviet Union — unanimously agreethat cooperation with the Jewish com munity serves their interests and that itcould be useful for both sides.

On the Jewish side, however, onlyrelatively few individuals — mostlyfrom am ong the recent emigres from theUSSR - share this view about thenecess ity of understanding and cooperation with the Ukrainian community.

The current psychological conditionsin the West pose a rather difficult.problem: how to explain to Westernpolitical leaders and the public themeaning of the nationalities problemsin the U SSR? Acting quite understandably within the framework of politicalarrangements and conceptions prevalent in the W est, Western political circlesfind it difficult to deal with a politicalreality that is basically alien to the West.The essence of nationalities problems inthe USSR lies in that level of percep

tions the Westerner finds strange, andtherein lies the problem of mutualunderstanding. The negative impression about nationalism widespread inthe West mainly as a result of the recentNazi past in Europe is uncriticallyapplied to any nationalism, even to onewhose spirit is close to the ideals ofGeorge Washington, Giuseppe Gari

baldi or Theodor Herzl.

These are the problems faced by thenew emigrants from the USSR, theJewish activists in the U SSR (of which Iwas one) who try to explain to Jews inIsrael and in the West why they areinterested in the Ukrainian question.The great majority of Jews in the Westknow of Ukraine only that Ukrainiansare anti-Semites, and that is all. Thisunderstan ding is as adeq uate, forexample, as if the world knew Franceonly for the fact that Frenchmen eatfrogs' legs.

Ukraine is a land that in territory,population and economic potential isapproximately equal to France. Andthis is the crux of the matter. For usJews — at least for those of us thatseriously think about the future of theJewish people and all its parts, nomatter where they live today — thisproblem has two major aspects towhich I would like to draw your attention: first, the safety and the nationalsurvival of Jews who live in Ukraine(and they number approxima tely700,000, according to official statistics,but in fact somewhat more, close to 1

million); second, the question of theSoviet threat to the existence of Israel(and this threat today is a centralquestion for Israel's security, as well asfor the safeguarding to Western interests).

Because of precisely these two problems, from our, the Jewish side, thequestion was raised ab out the necessity

of understanding and cooperation with,ideally, all of the Ukrainian people, andpractically, with the anti-CommunistUkrainian national forces.

And, since the Soviet threat exists notonly for Israel but for all of the West,the problem, primarily in the secondaspect I touched upo n, becomes amatter of concern for all of the freeworld and, first of all, the United Statesas the accepted leader of this world.

In our view, the cause of Jewish-Ukrainian understanding for the achievement of mu tual interests of both p eoplescan be advanced only if the worldJewish community comes to understand the meaning and significance of

the problems that are involved. Thesooner this happens, the better it willserve our national interests. The acceleration of this process toward understanding is the goal of the Associationof Jewish-Ukrainian Ties which wefounded in Israel.

Luckily, during our activities, itbecame apparent that this problem isunderstood by many more Jews than wehad thought just a few years ago. One

(Continoed on pep Ц )



6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 3 1 . 1 9 8 2 N o . 4 4

U k r a i n ia n W e ek

Lessons of November 1

On N ovemb er I, we Ukrainians celebrate the day when , 64 years

ago, the Ukrainian National Rada in western Ukraine announced in

Lviv that it had seized power in the name of Ukrainian sovereignty.

Months earlier, on January 22, 1918, their eastern brothers had

proclaimed independence from Russia. One year later, the ideal of a

unified Ukraine was briefly realized with the Act of Un ion, wh ich once

again brought all Ukrainians together under one banner. All these

events illuminate two central concepts: the ineradicability of the

principle of Ukrainian independence and the indispensibi l i ty of

national unity.

T he first concept is easy to illustrate. From the early Princely E ra to

the Kozak P eriod, Ukrainian h istory is marked by resistance to foreign

rule. To cite a more recent examp le, Uk rainians in Lviv capitalized on

the instability of the Hapsburg Empire in 1848 and established the

Supreme Ruthenian Council. Its manifesto declared that the Galician

Ukrainians were part of the great Ukrainian people and demanded the

establishment of a Ukrainian province in Galicia.

The concept of national unity is a broader idea, barbed with such

complexities as geography, historical context and the social, political

and economic exigencies of t ime and circumstance.

But in a broad sense, it can safely be said that the events of

November 1, as well as those of January 22,1 91 8 and 1 919, came about

partly because there was, in a large view, a general consensu s of over

all purpose. In the turbulent and chaotic situation created by the

imminent collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Bolshevik

Rev olution , U krainians in Galicia and in eastern Ukraine realized that

they had an opportunity to fulf i l l a historical d.sam, a dream

embodied in the Act of Union.

Althou gh th e western Ukrainian s under Austria -Hungary and the

e as t e r n U kr a i n i ans unde r R us s i a e ac h had t he i r ow n r e g i ona l

objectives, had conflicting notion s of which side could better.serve the

Ukrainian cause and, in fact, often faced each other in combat during

World War I, events pushed them toward working with each other for

the ideal of a free Ukraine. In late 1917, for example, a Galician

battalion of the Sich Riflemen was formed in Kiev from western

Ukrainian prisoners of war formerly in the Austrian army to defend

the Ukrainian capital, along with small units of the Kievan garrison,

against the Bolsheviks.

Sadly, the gains garnered on November 1 and subsequently in 1919

did not last. The anarchic instability of the region made a systematic

organization of the Ukrainian state extremely difficult. Politically, it

was faced with, among other factors , the Bolshevik threat , the

Den ikinists and their call for an indivisible Russia, organized bands of

anarchists, foreign troops and the designs of Poland.

But we would be shirking the truth if we did not say that the eventual

disintegration of unity seriously hurt the Ukrainian cause and partly

contributed to the weakening of the liberation struggle. Although we

will not delve into the excrutiatingly complex issues involved here,

suffice it to say that the regional differences between eastern and

western Ukraine, political exigencies, and disagreement over tactics

and alliances, led to a split between the Ukrainian National Republic

in the east and its Galician counterpart.

We do not bring this up to renew old debates or animosities. We do

so only because the concept of unity and its importance is a critical

issue in our community today. When we reflect on the courageousachievemen t engendered in the Nov emb er 1 declaration and the

January 22 acts, it is imperative that we take an honest look at all the

factors that contributed to their demise. There are lessons to be learned

from our history, lessons which we should not shy away from. When

we commem orate the anniversary of the November 1 events , we

should ponder long and hard the cherished concept of Ukrainian

independence, the benefits of unity and the pitfalls inherent in its

absence.

News and views

The UCCA executive board

against the world congress

L e t t e r to the e d i t o r

Support Fenwick for senatorDear Editor:

Congresswoman Millicent Fenwickis a household name in every Ukrainianhome. She is the protector and defenderof the Ukrainian people in the strugglefor human'rights and was the author ofthe bill creating the Helsinki Commission to monitor human-rights violations in the Soviet Union and otherstates signatory to the 197S HelsinkiAccords.

Millicent Fenwick is a seasonedperformer, a woman of quality, credibi

lity and competency. She has the vast

experience to be the only effectivesenator from New Jersey for our cause.We need this skillful, public-spiritedservant to eternalize her capable leadership and prudent, fiscal management sothat all of us will survive. She deservesand needs your staunch support.

Help elect Millicent Fenwick as ournext U.S. senator on Tuesday, November 2.

Andrew KevbidaMaplewood, N.J.

T he commentary below was originallypublished in the Ukrainian language inthe October 1 6 edition ofNovyi Shliakh,(The New Pathway), a Ukrainian Canadian newspaper. The English translation was prepared by The Weekly staff.

by Leonid Fil'

The split in Ukrainian commun ity lifethat culminated at the 13th Congress ofthe Ukrainian Congress Committee ofAmerica elicited general indignationand concern about the future of ourcommunity. It placed the Presidium ofthe World Congress of Free UkrainiansSecretariat in a complex s i tua tion,because this body bases its activity onnation al cen tral representations, nationaland international organizations andc oope r a t i on w i t h t he U kr a i n i anChurches.

Being aware of the great responsibi

lity for maintaining unity in Ukrainiancommunity life, the Presidium of theWCFU Secretariat on June 27, 1981,was faced with the problem of whoshould represent the Ukrainians of theUnited States at the plenary session ofthe Secretariat - John O . Flis and Dr.Bohdan Hnatiuk, who were elected tothe Presidium at the third WCFUcongress, or Oleksa Kalynnyk andStefania Bukshowany, who were proposed by the UCCA National Councilto take their places.

After a discussion, MetropolitanMaxim Hermaniuk — supported byMetropolitans Mstyslav and StephenSulyk - made the following proposal,which was accepted: that the Presidium

of the WCFU Secretariat initiate discussions between the UCCA executiveand those organ izations that walked outof the 13th congress and formed theCommittee for Law and Order in theU CC A for the р и ф о в е o f finding asettlement of the conflict; that thecomposition of the U.S. delegation beleft intact until the fourth WCFUcongress; and that the by-laws committee recommend amendments to theWCFU by-laws so that there would beno doubt about who has the right torecall elected memb ers of the Presidiumof the WCFU.

This unanimously approved proposalwas accepted by the UCCA delegation,

and Mr. Kalynnyk and Mrs. Bukshowany were not accepted into the Presidium of the WCFU Secretariat, whileMr. Flis and Dr. Hnatiuk remained. Itseemed that sound thinking had prevailed and that the divisiveness in theUnited S tates would not be transmittedto the WCFU.

The fourth congress of the WCFU, inaccordance with the by-laws, is to beheld in 1983 in Toronto.

At the meeting of the WCFU Presidium in Toronto on September 11, thedeadline for the upcoming congress wasset and the preparations committee forthe congress was to be created. Here,once again, the problem of the U.S.delegation arose. In accordance with

the June 27, 1981, decision of thePresidium, the follow ing were proposedto represent the United States on thecongress program committee: IvanBazarko, Ignatius Billinsky, Mr. Flis,Dr. Hnatiuk, Roman Drazniowsky andWolodymyr Masur. Messrs. Billinskyand Masur were against the participation of Messrs. Flis and Hnatiuk in thecommittee . The ensuing discussionshowed that the Presidium of theWCFU Secretariat, including the presi

dent, M r. Bazarko, felt that the June 27,1981, resolution was binding and thatthey should act in accordance with it.

There was a motion to decide thismatter by means of a vote and to presentthis decision of the Presidium forratification to the next plenary sessionof the WCFU Secretariat.

Mr. Billinsky, saying that the delegation from the UCCA executive had nomandate to vote on such a motion,asked the Presidium to allow him topresent the motion to the UCCA executive meeting on September 18, and heexpressed the hope that this matterwould be positively settled, becausewithout this settlement there was nosense in calling together the members ofthe WCFU Secretariat for a plenarysession.

We have learned that the UCCAexecutive, at its meeting on September18, not on ly rejected the decision of the

Presidium of the WCFU Secretariat,but decided, behind the Presidium'sback, to hold negotiations with thepresidium of the Ukrainian CanadianCommittee (UCC).

In other words, the UCCA executivewants to inyqlye.the UCC presidium ininternal U.S. matters and to share theblame for the conflict in the UnitedStates.

We are thoroughly convinced that theUCC presidium, whose representatives .on the WCFU Presidium voted forMetropolitan Hermaniuk's motion, willstand firm on the position of law andorder in the community. In the past,before the first congress of the WCFU,the UC C presidium assumed the proper

position toward the UCCA executive aswell as toward the opposition that wasunited in the Committee for Community Unity, and this led to the participation of all Ukrainian organizations ofthe United States. Now, the unitedUkrainian community in Canada mustunambiguously let its brothers in theUnited S tates know that it is concernedabout their disunity, that it does notapprove of it, and that it is decidedlyopposed to transmitting this conflictinto the realm of the WCFU, whichthroughout the years has conductedvery successful work with the aid ofUkrainian Canadians. We cannot allowthe intolerance and lack of mutualrespect of Ukrainian Americans to

affect Ukrainian communities beyondthe borders of the United States.

The UCC A executive bears the greatestresponsibility for the fact that two yearsafter the break-up at the 13th UCCAcongress it has not succeeded in settlingthe conflict. If the UCCA d emands to berecognized as the representative of theentire Ukrainian community in theUnited States, then it should be heldresponsible for bringing abou t harmonyamong all Ukrainian organizations.If the UCCA has not been able toaccomplish this, then it cannot demandthat the united Ukrainian comm unity inCanada become its ally. On the contrary, the UCCA executive must

understand that its position in regard tothe decisions of the WCFU Presidium isa conscious attempt to transmit the U.S.conflict into the realm of the WCFU, asituation that could lead at its worst tothe destruction and at the very least tothe weakening of the WCFU.

This conflict in the United States andthe UCCA executives' actions againstthe WCFU must elicit a healthy reaction on the part of the organized

(Cont inned on page 12)



N o. 44 T H E U K R A I N I A N W E E K L Y S U N D A Y , O C T O BE R 3 1 . 1 9 8 2

The Madrid Review Conference: an updated report

Twelfth semiannual report by thepresident to the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe on theimplementation of the Helsinki FinalAct. December 1.1981 to May 31.1982.

Put VII

CHAPTER FOUR

IMPLEMENTATION OF BASKETШ : C O OP ER A TI ON I N H UM A N I

TARIAN AND OTHER FIELDS

Basket III is intended to promote thefree flow of information, ideas andpeople among the participating states.

This section of the Helsinki Final Actcontains specific measures which theparticipating states resolve to undertaketo foster human contacts, improvedaccess to information, and cultural andeducational exchange. Basket III andPrinciple VII of Basket I incorporatethe primary human-rights provisions of

the final act.

HUMAN CONTACTS

The states participating in the finalact commit themselves to facilitatefamily reunification and meetings;marriage between citizens of differentstates; wider travel for business orprofessional reasons; improvements inthe conditions of tourism; meetingsamong young people; and sports contacts.

Family reunification and visits

To some extent, the final act has ledto freer travel policies in the East over

all, but much remains to be done inachieving the goals of the final act in this -

field. In general, the Eastern countrieshave maintained a policy of stringentlylimiting and controlling their citizens'movement abroad. It should be notedthat the USSR has ratified the U.N.Charter and other international documents, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights andon econom ic, social and cultural rights,in which the right o leave one's countryand return thereto is enumerated. But inpractice the regime denies Soviet citizensthis right. Travel outside the USSR isprohibited except for the departure oflimited numbers of authorized personnel, primarily to Eastern countries

under the auspices and strict control ofthe government or o ther official institutions. Reunification of divided familiesis the only officially recognized basisfor emigration from the Soviet Union,but the. actual Sov iet record of com pliance in this regard is poor.

Actu al restrictive, practices in thecountries of Eastern Europe vary considerably. Some countries are nearly asrestrictive as t h e , Soviet Union. Others,notably Hungary and Poland, have

been relatively lenient in allowing theircitizens to travel abroad. It should benoted, however, that the freedom ofPoles t o travel inside their own countryand abroad was significantly curtailedby the imposition of martial law onDecember 13, 1981.

The process of emigration in someEastern countries can involve lengthydelays, substantial costs and a complicated bureaucratic process. Even then,applicants may be refused exit permission, sometimes repeatedly over aperiod of many years. They may not begiven adequate explanation for refusalsand may suffer loss of employment,harassment and denial of other socialbenefits solely because of their wish toemigrate.

The U.S. government regularly andsystematically intercedes with Easterngovernments on behalf of relatives ofAmerican citizens who have been refused permission to emigrate to jointheir families in the United States. U.S.

embassies abroad submit periodic liststo local governments containing thenames of citizens.denied permission toemigrate to the United States forreasons of family reunification. Theaccompanying table shows the numberof unresolved family reunification casesbetween the United States and thecountries indicated being monitoredofficially by the United States as ofApril 30, 1982.

The following section examines indetail the situation of family reunification and family visits in individualcountries.

SOVIET UNION : The Soviet recordin the areas of emigration and family

reunification continued to worsenduring the review period. Emigrationfrom the USSR reached a peak in 1979when approximately 70,000 personsreceived exit permits. Emigration decreased steadily since 1979 but nowappears to have leveled off after reaching a 10-year low recently. With thecontinuing deterioration in East-Westrelations, family reunification applicants from widely varying areas of theSoviet Union reportedly are beingdenied exit permission because of the"current state of relations between theU.S. and the USSR."

Mo st citizens have little or no chan ceto emigrate. There is no publishedSoviet law on emigration. Authoritiesrecognize family reunification as theonly acceptable ground s for emigration.Only So viet Jews, ethnic Germans andArmenians have been permitted' toemigrate in significant numbers inrecent years. During the reportingperiod, however, the number of exitvisas issued continued to decline in allethnic categories^ and new bureaucraticobstacles to emigration were introduced;^ ; Ь

;-'-. -

All applicants for emigration from

Bulgaria

CzechoslovakiaGD RHungaryPolandRumaniaUSSR

DIVIDED FAMILY CASES

Nuclear Families1

Cases

9

103

1251171

Individuals

16

103

20622

2173

. " ' , V '

Non-nuclear Families2

Cases

7

6103

446422

Individuals

17

192710

1,317777

1 Spouses and their minor children.3 These cases involve the separation of other relatives such as brothers and sisters.3 Figures for the U S S R include both nuclear and non-nuclear families.

the Soviet Union encounter some degree of official harassment. The Sovietgovernment regards a desire to leave theSoviet Union as tantamount to treasonor evidence of insanity and subjectsapplicants to whatever form o f discrimination it deems appropriate to the

individual case. Unsuccessful applicants face harassment at the workplaceor actual loss of jobs; they are accostedon the street by "hooligans" and experience social ostracism. Successfulapplicants face lengthy and costlyprocedures and the loss of much of theirpersonal property as the price of emigration.

Soviet authorities have made theapplication process even more difficultduring the reporting period. In manylocalities, Soviet officials accept only afew applications each month. Jewishapplicants, especially, hav e experiencedproblems in receiving required letters ofinvitation sent registered through theinternational mails. The number of

petty bureaucratic obstacles has alsorisen. Required letters of invitation(vyzovs) from relatives abroad areconsidered valid for a period of one yearfrom date of issuance. The embassyformerly could extend th e validity of thevyzovs. Recently, Offices of Visas andRegistration in some cities, especiallyYerevan, have declined to accept vyzovsthat have been extended b y t h e embassyand insist on new letters of invitationfrom the United States. Persons re-applying for exit permission after thestatutory six-month waiting period arealso increasingly being required tosupply all new documents (formerlyreconsideration was made on the basisof -. previously submitted documents).

Acquiring all n ew documents, includingclearances from places of residence andemployment, is very time consumingand often, in view of bureaucraticobstructionism, virtually impossible.Exit permission for emigration - if it isforthcoming at all — customarily cantake up to six months or more. Jewishapplicants are required to renounceSoviet citizenship, a procedure whichcosts 500 rubles (S700).

Soviet performance on family reunification has sharply deteriorated duringthe reporting period. No divided familycases on the U.S. representation listwere resolved. It is even difficult toestimate the number of Soviet citizens

who unsuccessfully sought emigrationfor family unification. The Soviets havedefined "family" in increasingly strictterins. Only the closest of relatives —.spouses, parents, children — meet thatdefinition. There are reports of the useof a "pre-application questionnaire" b^Soviet authorities to weed out thosewithout immediate relatives abroad; inthat manner, the Soviets are able toclaim that a high percentage of "appli-

jcations" are granted. The fact is thatuncles, aunts, cousins a n d even brothers

і arid sisters are rarely considered "family"and are therefore not even allowed toapply. But even those with "first-degree"relatives abroad are often unable toemigrate. .'

t For example, the number of Armenians, emigrating from the U SSR hasdeclined. During the past five months,the Armenian Office of Visas andRegistration granted less than a third ofthe number of exit permits issued in theprevious reporting period. From May1980 until October 1981 the YerevanOffice of Visas and Registration ceasedaccepting applications for emigrationaltogether, except from the spouses offoreign residents. While Yerevan is now

accepting applications from personswith parents and children as well asspouses abroad, the number of applications is being arbitrarily limited. Reportedly, only two to nine applicationforms are given out each week eventhough there are some 400 persons

waiting to receive application; forms.During this period October 1 ,1981, to

April 30, 1982, the U.S. Embassy inMoscow issued 68 immigrant visas aswell as 174 pro forma visas for third-country processing. Most of these proforma visas were issued to personsjoining close relatives in the UnitedStates. Soviet performance on familyvisits remained at a low level during thereporting period. A total of 749 visaswere issued to Sov iet citizens for familymeetings. The application procedurefor family visits continues to be time-consuming and without assurance ofsuccess. Refusals are often arbitrary.Also, the Soviet authorities employ thepractice of requiring family members to

stay behind during visits abroad toensure the traveler's return. The greatmajority of fam ily visits are granted toArmenians, and lately even this grouphas experienced difficulty in obtainingexit permission.

BULGARIA: Emigration is providedfor by law in Bulgaria, but rarelypermitted. A few prospective emigrantsare subjected to overt governmentpersecution. Most are not, however,unless they have engaged in overt "anti-state" actions. Improvements in everyday life, on the other hand, such asprom otions, new jobs and educationalopportu nities, are denied to prospectiveemigrants even if the state does not

intend to approve their departure.Bulgaria's cooperation on familyreunification since Belgrade remainsintermittent and limited. Only a handfulof the family reunification cases represented by the United States since thefinal act was signed have actually beenresolved. During the reporting period,no cases were resolved, and several newones were added to the backlog.

Bulgarian performance on visits forthe purposes of family reunificationremains limited. During som e reportingperiods there has been encouragingprogress, but the issue has not beeneliminated. In addition to the familyreunification cases outlined above, theU.S. Embassy has 13 cases (21 indivi

duals) on і its family visitation list forrepresentation to the Bulgarian au thorities. There are some indications that alower percentage of Bulgarians whoapply for 'such visas actually receivethem now. The Bulgarian ForeignMinistry recently announced th e resolution of two of these cases, although theindividuals involved have, y et to receivetravel documents.

From October I, 1981, to April 30,1 9 8 2 , the United States granted 14 visasat its embassy in Sofia for the purposeof family reunification and 105 visasfor the .purpose of family visits. Therewere no refusals of visas-to U .S. citizensdesiring to travel to Bu lgaria for familymeetings in the six-mo nth, periodending March 31 . ,

CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Czechoslovakia has continued to resolve familyreunification cases with the UnitedStates . Nevertheless , obtaining permission to emigrate is a long andarduous process taking a minimum ofthree months and in many cases sixmonths to a year. While immediatefamily cases are often resolved relatively quickly, non-nuclear cases are more

(CoodnuKl on pact 14)



.THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY . SUNDAY, OCTOBER 3,1, 1982 N O . 4 4

P l a s t u n i t h o l d s a n n u a l m e e t i n g in O h i o:v. .„" -J

Members of the Pobratymy Plast -Unit gather forphotograph upon the conclusion of their 1 9th meetingheld at the Pysanyi Kamin Plast camp in Middlefieid,

Ohio, on October 9 - Ю . About 50 members and candidate members attended the meeting where a newexecutive board, headed by Rostyk Storozuk, was

elected.

S c h o o l of B a n d u r a E n s e m b l e o p e n s f a l l s e a s o n

The New York School of Bandura performs at the College of Staten bland.

NEW YORK - The New YorkSchool of Bandura Ensemble started its

fall season on Saturday, September 25,

by participating in the second International Festival at the College of StatenIsland.

Under the musical direction of JulianKytasty the group performed severalnumbers and was greeted with enthusiastic applause by the audience.

The schoo l ' s admin i s t ra to r , N ickCzorny, was also on hand, giving out

informative leaflets about the banduraand the school.

The school ' s act ivi t ies are madepossible, in part, by funds from the NewYork State Council on the Arts.

Poltava dancers perform at W orld's Fair

KNOXVILLE, Tenn. - Poltava, the

Ukrainian dance ensemble of Pittsburgh, charmed thousands of peopleduring their performances at the WorldsFair here. They represented the Ukrainian American community at the fairduring the week of July 18-25.

The group, which is composed of 24

dancers of Ukrainian descent, is directedby Luba Hlutkowsky, who founded the

The Poltava dance troupe of Pittsburgh.

ensemble in 1963. During their performances at the World's Fair, the members of the group who range in agesfrom 15 to 30, were filmed and theirdirector was interviewed by three television stations.

The group's repertoire consists of 30

original dances. They represent variousregions in Ukraine as well as varioustime periods. Included in their program

is a dance titled "T eren" which is takenfrom the period of Kievan Rus'.

Each evening during its week's stay atthe World 's Fair , the group wouldperform dances from one specific regionof Ukraine. On Sunday evening, theirlast performance included a programthat had representative dances from all

areas. The group was rewarded withtumultous applause.

R e q u e s t f o r b o o k

ta g s m y s t e ry r id e r

a s B u r g e r k i nBALTIMORE - Helping a dam

sel in distress led to an intere sting andrewarding encounter for Mr. and

Mrs. Paul Fenchak of Baltimorerecently. Mr. Fenchak, the co-authorof "The Ukrainians of Maryland,"was leaving St. Michael's UkrainianCatholic Church with his wife whenshe spotted a woman near the doorapparently trying to figure out howsh e was go ing to make her way

through the torrential downpour.

Coming to her aid, the Fenchaksoffered her a ride, which turned outto be to the Baltimore headquartersof the Legion of St. Mary. En route,the mystery guest said that she livedi n W a s h i n g t o n and, a l t h o u g h aRoman Ca tho l ic , l iked to a t tendByzantine liturgies. A linguist, she

said she wanted to learn more about

the Ukrainian Catholic Church, andspotting a copy of Mr. Fenchak'sbook on the seat of the car, askedwhere she might purchase a copy.Mr. Fenchak said that she couldorder the book from the UkrainianEducation Association of MarylandInc.

We can only imagine Mr. Fenchak's surprise when a check arrivedbearing the signature of Mary Margaret Burger, the daughter of ChiefJustice Warren Burger of the U.S.

Supreme Court. The Fenchaks havesince learned that their rainy-daypassenger had converted to Catholicism in 1966.

S t C le m e n t o p e n s

f a l l s e m e s t e rPHILADELPHIA - The official

open ing of the fall semester at St.Clement Ukrainian Catholic University, Philadelphia Center, took place on

Tuesday, October 5.

The fall semester schedule, whichconcentrates on religion and science,includes such topics as the concept of

science from Aristotle to today discussed by Prof. Eugene Lashchyk.and ahistorical perspective on physics and

religion by Prof. Oleksa Bilaniuk. A talkon rel igion and educa t ion wi l l be

delivered by the Rev. Dr. LubomyrHusar; biology and religion will be

discussed by Prof. Roman Maksy-mowych.

"Science and religion - harmony or

conflict" will be the topic of Prof.

Leshchyk, and a lecture on religion and

medicine will be given by Yuriy Isajiw.The last two lectures in the series willinclude the topics of religion and thehealth of a person, given by SisterNadia, and religion and psychiatry,discussed by Dr. Eugene Novosad.

The series lectures are held everyTuesday through December 7, at 7:30p.m. at the Philadelphia Center, 7911

White wood Road, Elkins Park.The first lecture, delivered by the

Rev. Dr. Rafael Turkoniak, pastor of

St. Nicholas Church in Passaic, N,J.,

concentrated on new scientific findingsconcerning the Ostrih Bible.

In addition to the Tuesday eveningcourses, the Philadelphia Center willalso sponsor guest speakers, includingthe Rev. Dr. Ivan Hrynioch and the

Rev. Turko niak. Dates for these lectureswill be announced. For more information call the center at (215J 635-1555.



N o . 4 4 T H E U K R A IN IA N Ґ У И Е Е И У '''' SU N D A Y ; Щ б Щ Ж 1 9 8 ^

н р -

Panorama of Ukrainian culture in the Big Appleby Helen Perozak Smindak

tburists' reunion

Zealous patrons of Ukrainian artslike Vera and Tony Shumeyko, who

attend almost all the Ukrainian concerts, festivals, exhibits and dinner-dances in the Big Apple (and sometimesbeyond), know that U krainians Jovenothing better than to sing and dance.So for this year 's edition of the annual"Tours to Ukraine" reunion at Soyu-zivka, as in previous years, they plann eda Saturda y night program that includedlots of singing and dancing: entertainment by the popular U krainian Dancersof Astoria, dancing to the lively tune s ofa t hr ee-p i ece Hi rn i ak band accompanied by the mellow voc alizing of DiorRakowsky, and group singing to guitarand accordion accompaniment. Therewere dozens and dozens of prizes to beraffled off during d inner, and , of course,there was plenty to eat and drink -

"zakusky" dur ing the cocktail hour inthe Veselka bar, and trays and tables

loaded with snacks for the midnight-to-dawn song fest in the Poltava villa.

For Vera Kowbasniuk Shumeyko,president of Kobasniuk Travel Inc.,andher husband, Anthony Shumeyko, who

runs an insurance company, th e October16-17 weekend was their 22nd annualtour reunion. For the tburists, guestsand employees of the Manhattan-basedKTI agency, now in its 63rd year ofbusiness, the Soyuzivka outing provideda look at highlights of some of thisyear 's tours, via a Saturday-afternoonslide show, and advance informationabout escorted group tours to Ukraineand Eastern Europe in 1983.

The slide presentation included viewsof statues and historic buildings in Lvivand Kiev photographed by New Yorkarchitect Apollinare O sadca, and scenesin Ukrainian cities visited by RomanM y k y t a of Clif ton, N.J., and IvanLuchechko, Jersey City, N.J.

Before dinner in the Veselka pavilion,a moment of silence was observed inmemory of Thomas Shepko, the New

York ar t i s t - i l l us t r a tor who died in

Munich in September. Mr. Shepko,wh o had served as a tour escort onseveral KTI trips, was also an accompl i shed music i an whose accordionmusic had become a tradition of thetour reunions. On behalf of the agency'sdirector and employees, KTI EasternEurope to ur m anager Ba rbara Bachy n-

sky extended sympathy to his widow,Hania S hepko, who was among the 225

guests attending this year 's reunion.

Dinnertime proceedings, emceed byM r s . Bachynsky, included the introduc tion of guests from Finnair, Swissairand Lufthansa airlines and the Maryland Casualty Company, impromptuharmonizing byUlana Steck and DoziaLastowecky to the accompaniment ofA n d r e w F a r m i g a ' s g u i t a r , and the

Ukrainian Dancers ' appearances on

s t age wi th co lor fu l dances choreog r a p h e d by t he i r d i r ec tor , , ElaineOprysko. Mrs. Oprysko, who has beenteaching and choreographing Ukrainian dances for 35 years, introduced thenumbers, including a dance of flirta

tion, Nozychky (the Scissors Dance),Tsimba, a spoof on Kozak life, andHopak.

Stani s l av (S l avko) Kosiv of New

York teamed up with Mr. Farmiga toprovide an a c c o r d i o n - g u i t a r b a c k g r o u n d for the group s ing- song in

Poltava.

On Sunday, guests who put off walk";in the sunlit red-gold woods until the

afternoon and attended church services

in the morning reaped an unexpectedbonus - the sound of two Ukrainianchu rch choirs blen ding voices gloriouslyin a comm unity service celebrating the

40th anniver sary of the U k r a i n i a nInsurgent Army (UPA). Held in theKozak-style modern wood Holy TrinityUkrainian Catholic Church after the

Sunday liturgy, the service was led bythe pastor , the Rev. Bohdan Volosin,a n d an O r t h o d o x p r i e s t , the Rev.

Konstantyn Kalynowsky, with a capellasinging by the combined choirs of HolyTrinity church and the local UkrainianOrthodox Church conducted by Prof.

Bakum.

Mystery runner

Everyone knows that Alberto Salazarwo n the New York City marathon on

October 2 4 , but no one appears to knowthe identity of a m ale runner whose blueand yellow shirt bore the word Ukraineand an imprint of the trident emblem.Described by spectators as 30ish, withmedium brown hair, the mystery runn er,crossed the finish line about 3 0 minutesafter S alazar, or approximately 2 hoursan d 30 minutes after the start of the

race.

Could it have been W illiam T . Moroz,3 0 , from a Central New Jersey runningclub, who clocked 2:46:22? Or was it

Steve J. Podgajny, 32, of the RunningEast club in Maine, wi th 2:34:12?Perhaps it was Runner No. 8791, whocovered the 26-mile, 385-yard courset h r o u g h the ci ty 's f ive boroughs in

2:38:11.

A quick scan of the October 25thDaily News' listing of the 13,746 pa rticipants who finished the race revealed a

good m any Slavic names. Phone calls toa few of those l iving in New Yorkunearthed several bonafide Ukrainianrunners (but no clue to the mysteryrunner).

Bill Chomin, 33, running his thirdNew York marathon, reported that he

achieved his best time so farwith 3:3:39.A r es ident of B r o o k l y n , he has anadministrative job with the state.

Bohdan N. Czartorysky, 2 6 , an internat the Downsate Medical Center in

Brooklyn, said it took him more thanfour hours to complete the run. A kneeinjury suffered during training acted up

again during the race, forcing him to

slow down.

Queens College student Joseph M.

Smindak, 22, of Bayside Hills, completed his first New York marathon in

2:47:45 , and J o h n T y m c z y n , 28, of

Forest Hills, who works for the Consolidated Edison Company as an in

structor, made it in 3:06:12.

John Wowk, 29, of Staten Island,recorded 2:58.32 in his second NewYork marathon. A biology teacher at

John Dewey High School in Brooklyn,Mr. Wowk expressed disappointmentvoiced by most marathoners. He. be

lieved hecould have run faster if it wereno t for the he adwind w hich buffeted the

runners during the first 21 miles of therace.

Headliners

о Mike Ro yko, syndicated columnistof the Chicago Sun-Times who is ofUkrainian ancestry on his father's side,was the featured guest on a recent PhilDonahue Show. Known for his sardonic wit and humor, Mr. Royko wasonce asked to run for the office of

mayor of Chicago. A Pulitzer Prizewinner, he is the author of "Boss,"

chronic l ing the admini s t r a t i on ofMayor Daley, and a book titled "SezW h o , Sez Me."

ж Theodor V. Shumeyko w a s recentlyelected vice-president of T.J. Ross and

Associates by the board of directors.The oldest public relations firm in theUnited State s, the company was formerly

Ivy Lee A. T.J. Ross. Mr. Shumeykojoined the company last January afteroperating his own market ing communications firm, The Shumeyko Group,for. 10 years. Earlier, he was director of

public relations and publicity for Burlington Industries, and prior to that,director of p u b l i c and communityrelations for Monsanto/Chemstrand.Mr. Shumeyko worked on the staff ofThe Ukrainian Weekly and was associated with the Ukrainian Youth Leagueof Nor th Amer i ca as e d i t o r of theorganization's Bulletin and the quarterly publication The Ukrainian Trend.

" Msgr. Emil Manastersky, pastor of

the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin

Mary Ukrainian Catholic Church inFresh Meadows, Queens, and churchtrustees Joseph Englat of Bayside and

Harry Kalan of Queens Village werepictured in the North Shore Tribune ofOctober 14-20 as they accepted a proc l amat ion f rom Borough Pres identDonald Manes noting the 25th anniversary of the founding of the church.

e At the Richard Tucker FoundationGala, which took place October 24 atCarnegie Hall, Paul Plishka opened the

program with an aria from the opera"Nabucco.""Mr. Phshka, according toTh e New York Times's Tim Page, wason e of "a cast of well-known operaticfigures who donated their services."Thomas Ful ton and Richard Bonynge

conducted the Gala Symphony Orchest r a , and the ar t ists heard includedShirley Verrett, Roberta Peters, AlfredoKraus, Guiseppe Giacomini, SherrillMilnes, Joan Sutherland and OliviaStapp , with Grace Bumbry as host. The

concert was broadcast live by WQXR-Radio.

Art exhibits

t A one-man show of non-objectivepaintings by Soho artist Bruce Cunningham will run from November 9 through27 at the 55 Mercer S t r ee t Ar t i s t sGallery, 55 Mercer St., in Soho. A

reception is planned for the opening

day, from 6 to 8 p.m. Mr. Cun ningham,the son of the former A nna S taleny andnephew of Mary Dushnyck, has taughtar t at universities throughou t the co untry. His work has been exhibited in

various American and Canadian museums and galleries. Winner of a fellowship grant from the National Endowment of the Arts, he is listed in "Who'sW ho in American Art." '

" Beginning November 12 , New Yorkartist Liuboslav Hutsaliuk will have a

two-week show of his oil paintings at

the Eko Gallery in Warren, Mich. Mr.

Hutsaliuk, who studied at the CooperUnion in New vYork, will be present at

the opening of the exhibit. A talk on theartist's work will be given by one of hi sfirst teachers, artist Edward Kozak.

Institute's fall programThe Ukrainian Institute of America,

which has embarked on such an am

bitious cultural and educational program th at journalists cannot keep pace,held the off icial opening of its fallseason on Octob er 17.1 was out of townthat weekend, but I'm told that thereception went well. Guests were greeted by administrative director AndrijDobriansky, heard from vice-presidentWalter Nazarewicz about the multitudeof events included in the institute's new

program, and listened w ith pleasure to a

new voice on the Ukrain i an scene ,baritone Ihor Darian. Mr. Darian, who

has4

been studying and performing in

Italy and Yugoslavia in recent years,offered three selections. He was accompanied by Thomas H rynkiw and introduced by Anya Dydyk. ,

Since mid-September, the institute

h a s s p o n s o r e d an e x h i b i t ofa rt by Jur i j Solovi j , a lectureby Prof. O m e l j a n P r i t s a k ofHarvard University, and a testimonialtions to ethnic and minority groups in

New York . Classes have begun inUkrainian language, culture, bandurabuilding and playing, and Americannaturalization. v"' .,; k

This afternoon at 3 p.m., an after- .. 'v-

noon of classics will be presented as the""; "1first of a two-part series sponsored by

the Ukrainian Nat ional Associat ion. ' .

an d the i ns t i t u t e , f ea tur ing p i an i s tLaryssa Krupa, actress Stefka Nazar-kewycz and soprano Laryssa Magun-Huryn. .-i

Baritone Ihor Darian performs at the fall opening of the Ukrainian Institute of

America. Thomas Hrynkiw is the piano accompanist.



10 T H E U K R A I N I A N WE E K L Y S U N D A Y , O C T OB E R 3 1 . 1 9 8 2 No. 44

Priest to mark 50th Notes on peoplewhere samples of Ukrainian arts andcrafts are preserved. Today, the new St.Con stantine's Church can be considereda landmark in the Twin Cities, and aunique example of Ukrainian Byzantine architecture in this part of theUnited States.

For his accomplishments and hisdedicated service to the Church and

community, the Apostolic See in 1962bestowed upon him the title of mon-signor and papal chamberlain, and in1976, Pope Paul VI elevated him to therank of prelate of honor.| In 1973, the spiritual lead er ofUkrainian Catholics, Patriarch JosyfSlipyj, honored Msgr. Knapp with thetitle of canon , and in 1981, conferred therank of mitred archpriest, the highestdistinction for a priest in the EasternRite Church.

viewed by other national minorities as amodel for their own efforts at self-assertiveness. A reprint of "NationalCultures and U niversity Cha irs" isavailable for S2.50 from: Bookroom,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.,Canada MSS 1A1.

Msgr. Stephen V. Knapp

MINN EAPO LIS - The observanceof the 50th anniversary of the priest

hood of Msgr. Stephen V. Knapp,pastor of St. Constantine's UkrainianRite Ca tholic Church h ere, will be heldon Sunday, November 14, with BishopInnocent Lotocky of Chicago, manypriests, family members and invitedguests in attendance.

The program will include a divineliturgy of thanksgiving at 10:30 a.m.and a banquet at 1:30 p.m. at theLeamington Hotel.

Msgr. Knapp was born in the miningcommunity of Simpson, Pa. He receivedhis basic education in his hometown,and in 1927 went to Rome, where hepursued theology studies and wasawarded a doctorate in philosophy bythe Angelicum University and later alicentiate degree in sacred theology.

Upon his return to the United States,he served parishes in Philadelphia,Arnold-New Kensington, Pa., Detroit,Hamtramck, Mich., Chicago, and forthe past 18 years in Minneapolis.

Durin g the pa st SO years, M sgr.Knapp contributed much energy andtalent to the Church and community.He built or restored many churches andschools . In Minneapol is , under hisguidance, a new church was built inplace of the old one. Adjacent to thechurch a small museum was erected

Magocsi in UzhhorodTORON TO - Dr. Paul R. Magocsi

of the University of Toronto delivered

the 1980 inaugural lecture of the Chairof Ukrainian Studies at the Universityof Uzhhorod in Ukraine on August 4.The lecture was on "National Culturesand University Chairs."

Dr. Magocsi chose not to speak onTranscarpathian problems, one area ofhis expertise, but rather on a topictouching on broader Ukrainian issuesboth in the homeland and abroad.Prof. Ivan Hranchak, vice-rector of

the University of Uzhhorod, chaired theproceedings at which more than 30professors were present. The audienceseemed particularly interested to hearpraise given by Dr. Magocsi to theachievements of the Shevchenko Scientific Society, the Ukrainian Underground University, and the UkrainianFree University, as well as individualscholars like Mykhailo S. Hrushevsky.The lecture was followed by a discussion which focused on research inUkrainian studies being conducted inthe West, especially at Harvard andToronto.

Dr. Magocsi's inaugural lecture wasalso republished this summer in AnBaner Kernewek, the organ of theCornish Nationalist Party in southwestern Britain. The historical strugglefor Ukrainian scholarship is being

Surmach welcomes NixonSADDLE RIVER, JU . - Myron

Surmach Sr., famous Ukrainian apiaristand resident of this town, proved that heis a lso a good neighbor. When ex-President Richard Nixon and his wifePat moved into town about a year ago,Mr. Surmach sent them a welcomingnote on behalf of Sadd le River Republi-cans, reported ihe Sunday Recordrecently.

Mr. Nixon quickly repl ied. Thisinspired Mr. Surmach to write again,this time asking the ex-president forpermission to install some beehivesaround the four and a half-acre property.

Mr. Surmach contends that beekeepers live the longest and he plans toconvince Mr. Nixo n to keep at least onehive. He adds that Mr. Nixon wouldthen be known as the longest-living ex-president.

Mr. Surmach had one more requestfor Mr. Nixon. He asked him to pose fora picture in a beekeeper's outfit for theUkrainian edition of his autobiography.Well , that book is a lread y out inUkrainian without Mr. Nixon's picture.Mr. Surmach hopes that he will havebetter luck getting the ex-president topose for a picture for the Englishedition. "It would be good for him andfor beekeepers all over the world. Theyall know him," Mr. Surmach said.

At present, he has a law o ffice for thepractice of international and corporatelaw in Coral Gables where he resideswith his wife Cami Enegren and theirtwo sons.

Mr. Gonas has been active in civicand professional organizations in thearea. He has received the David H.Hendrick Distinguished Service Awardfrom the Coral Gables Jaycees. Tieserves as secretary/treasurer of theInternational and Naturalization Co mmittee, Dade County Bar Association.

He is also on the advisory board ofinternational marketing and finance atthe School of Business Administrationat the University of Miami.

H is civic activities include service asdirector of the Rotary Club of CoralGables and past honorary member ofthe Easter Seal Society.

On Friday, September 24, Mr. Gonaswas installed as president of the CoralGables Chamber of Commerce annualinstallation dinner dance, which wasattended by his entire family, includinghis father John and his brother Johnwith his family.

The elder John Gonas is a member ofChicago UNA Branch 176, while hissons Roy and John are members of

Chicago Branch 425.

Roy Gonas elected

CORAL GABLES, Fla. - Roy B.Gonas was recently elected president ofthe Coral Gables Chamber of Commerce for the year beginning October 1.

Mr. Gonas, a graduate of IndianaState University and the CumberlandSchool of Law, also completed additional study in international law at theCity of London College and the HagueAcademy of International Law..

Zuks finish tourMONT REAL - Ukrainian Cana

dian pianists Luba and Ireneus Zukrecently returned from a European tourwhere they entertained audiences withtheir piano d uets and compo sitions fortwo pianos.

The recital programs consisted ofmusic for two pianos by Canadiancomposers, with the exception of theAthens concert where works from theirstandard repertoire were also included.

Beginning in early May, the sister andbrother played in Athens as part of aprogram presented by the CanadianEmbassy in connection .with the visit ofGovernor General Edward Schreyer.Throughout the rest of the month, theyperformed in London, and Birmingham, England, Edinburgh, and Graz,Austria. While in Austria, the duo alsorecorded the entire program for broadcasts by the Austrian State Radio.

Although during this tour they performed as a team, both are primarilysolo pianists.

W achnas hold reunion

M

T he VVachna family h eld a reunion this sum m er in W indsor, O n t B ut it wasno ordinary fam ily reunion, because the W achna fam ily is no ordinaryfam ily. T he fam ily boasts over 100 m emb ers and its three-day reunionincluded everything from a wine and cheese party, to tug of w ar, baseball,

U krainian craft displays, Uk rainian dancing an d bandurists. Th e W achnasheld a banquet with a program which included a fam ily history display and adance. The first Wachnas came from Uk raine in the late 1890s and settled inC anada. T oday there are Wachnas all over the Un ited States and C anada.

Sh own above are reunion participants.



N o. 44 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 3 1 . 1982 11

K e a n o p e n s p h o t o g r a p h y e x h i b i t S o y u z i v k a h o s t s u p s t a t e f e s t iv a l

New Jersey Gov. Tom Kean leafs through a book describing "Ukrainian-Americans: An Ethnic P ortrait," a photo exh ibit by Don ald Lokuta (at left),dur ing the recent opening in the State House Rotunda. Looking on areLydia Hladky of the Ukrainian National Women's League of America andDavid S. Cohen of the NewJersey Historical Commission. The display,consisting of 2 0 photographs and taped explanations, ran through October.Mr. Lokuta, a professor of ph otography at Kean College, has photographedother e thn ic g roups in the s ta te , inc lud ing Newark 's Por tuguesecommunity. Accompanying the exhibit was a book, published by theHistorical Commission anddesigned by the New Jersey Bell Telephone

C o . , a copy of which was presented to the governor.

Catechists meet in Detroit

KERHONK.SON, NY. - The thirdannual Ukrainian Festival, sponsoredby the Ukrainian community here, wasattended by about 800 people, reportedThe Times Herald Record.

The festival, held September 19 atSoyuz ivka, the Ukrainian NationalAssociation resort, consisted of boothswith folk art and food. The entertainment program emceed by Roman Shwedincluded Promin, a Ukrainian folkmusic ensemble, the Bandura Ensembleof New York, and a choral groupcomposed of seniors from the Ukrainian Catholic and Orthodox parishes.

Daniel Slobo dian, an organizer of theevent, estimated that of the 800 peopleattending the festival, only about half

were members of the area's Ukrainiancommunity. The other half were localpeople who came for entertainment, toadmire "Ukrainian crafts or to eat theprepared Ukrainian foods, he told thenewspaper.

In his remarks to festival-goers, Mr.Slobodian spoke about the UkrainianKozaks, comparing them with theMinute Men of American Revolutionary

War fame. He also described the scenedepicted in Repnin's famous painting"Kozaks' Reply to the Sultan."

Proceeds from th e festival are donatedto charitable organizations, Mr. Slobodian added. He said that planning fornext year's festival h a s already begun; itwill commem orate the 50th anniversaryof the famine of 1933 in Ukraine.

DETROIT — Catechists from variousparishes in the Detroit area met atImmaculate Conception High Schoolearly last month to discuss their catechetical experiences. The main speakerat the meeting, organized by the Rev.Abraham Miller OSBM, was the Rev.Andriy Chirovsky, director of catechesisfor the St. Nicholas Diocese. His wife,Halyna, who was also present at themeeting is administrative assistant tothe director.

In attendance at the first meeting

were teachers, coordinators and principals from Immaculate ConceptionElementary and High Schools , St.Josaphat's Parish and Our Lady ofPerpetual Help Parish.

Father Chirovsky outlined new developments in catechesis, focusing onthe Ukrainian Catholic Religious Assoc iat ion (UCREA) and the EasternCatholic Diocesan Directors of Reli-

REAL ESTATE

gious Education (ECDD). Both bodiesserve to pool resources and providemuch-needed catechetical materials.

A discussion was held on the subjectof immediate needs of catechists, withconsensus arising on the point of thenecessity of workshops for furthercatechist formation and self-improvements.

One such workshop was held a fewweeks after the meeting, on Friday,September 17, in Hamtramck. The

workshop, sponsored by the St. Nicholas Diocese Office of Catechists, featuredSister Martha Moyta OSBM, of theParma Ruthenian Diocese Office ofReligious Education.

Father Chirovsky said he hopes toorganize at least two extensive weekendworkshops for catechists during thisschool year - one in D etroit and one inChicago. Festival-goers admire the contents of one of the folk-art booths.

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THE UKR AINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. OCTOBER 31 , 1982 No. 44

Vasyl Stus...( C o n t o u r e d f r o m p e p 2)

continued to sign open letters anddocuments, making an impassionedappeal for the then-imprisoned dissident Valentyn Moroz, now in theWest.

In 1979 he joined the UkrainianHelsinki Group, set up in 1976 tomonitor Soviet compliance with theHelsinki Accords, signed by 35states

the year before.On May 13, 1980, Mr. Stus, then42, was arrested by the KGB andcharged with "anti-Soviet agitationand propaganda." The closed trialwas held inKiev on October 10-14,with Mr. Stus's mother and sisterallowed to attend only the final dayof the proceedings.

Mr. Stiis was sentenced to 10 yearsin a labor camp to be followed by fiveyears' internal exile.

Shortly after Mr. Stus went ontria 1 exiled Soviet nKycirint andhuman-rights activist Andrei Sakha-rov, sent an appeal from Gorky tothe M adrid C onference to review theHelsinki Accords, which had convened November 9. In the appeal.Dr. Sakharov urged the signatoriesand "all who value human dignityand justice" to speak out in supportof Mr. Stus, who is a member of theP.E.N. Club, an international or

ganization of writers.Most recently. Poetry International, meeting in Rotterdam, Holland, awarded Mr. Stus a literaryprize which includes 10,000 Dutchguldens.

In failing health, Mr. Stus, whohas a wife and son, is not scheduledto be released until 1997 when he willbe 59 years old. When he completeshis sentence, he will have spent 23 ofthose years in labor camps or exile.

Jewish perspective

The UCC A...(Continued from pege e)

Ukrainian community.It is terrible that b ecause of a conflict

with the UCCA the session of theWCFU Secretariat cannot be held. Ifthis conflict is not settled very soon,then the Presidium of the WCFUSecretariat elected unanimously at thethird WCFU congress has a duty to doeverything possible so that the fourthcongress of the WCFU takes place inCanada in accordance w ith the by-laws.

If the Ukrainian community in theUnited States prefers to engage ininternal battles, then the Ukrainiancommunity of Canada, with the cooperation of communit ies of othercountries, will make sure that the fourthcongress of the WCFU is properly

prepared and that it takes place. Thiswill be proof of community maturity,and, at the same time, an expression ofpublic opinion for the maintenance ofunity in our organized community life.

Under the pressure of this publicopinion, the UCCA executive would

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surely be forced to think twice andreview its position. Perhaps this willhelp it not only to end the conflict withthe WCFU but also to take measures torectify the unhealthy state of affairs inthe United States and to find commonground with those organizations thatare not in the executive bodies of theUCCA.

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person wh o, it appears, agrees with ourapproach to the Ukrainian question -at least as a private individual — isPrime Minister Menachem Begin. Whenin 1977, soon after M r. Begin's firstgovernment came into power, I sent hima memorandum explaining in moredetail the two aspects of the Ukrainianproblem I mentioned earlier, I receiveda handwritten reply from Mr. Begin in

which he agreed completely with myposition. Obviously, the fact that Mr.Begin came from Eastern Europe and isaware about the situation in the USSRfrom his own personal experienceexplains why he understands perfectlythe problem which we address today.

Mr. Suslensky will talk about whatcan be achieved through Jewish-Ukrainian cooperation. I shall only brieflyexplain those two major aspects Imentioned earlier and about which Iwrote to Prime Minister Begin.

First of all: about 1 million Jews livein Ukraine. Their personal safety atsome time in the future, as it has at

certain times in the past, will suddenlyfind itself in the hands of the Ukrainianpopulation. The personal safety ofevery Jew in Ukraine will depend onhow the Ukrainian people will view theJewish minority. If the Ukrainiansshould view Jews as enemies of theirnational aspirations and as servants ofRussian imperialist interests (and that isthe way Ukrainians viewed Jews in thepast) then Jewish life in Ukraine willonce again be threatened. If Ukrainianssee Jews as allies in a common nationalliberation, then the Jewish minority willbe safe in Ukraine, and conditions willemerge for its national-cultural preservation and development. Such a conception of Jewish-Ukrainian relations

was vividly posed in a series of essays byVladimir Zhabotynsky written between1904 and 1914. His idea remains truetoday.

The inimical feelings expressed byJews in the West, and by the Jewishpress as well, toward Ukrainians andthe Ukrainian national liberation movement result from the Jewish remembrance of h istory and are an expressionof their emotional approach to history.But this hostility toward Ukrainiansstrains Jewish-Ukrainian relations tothe extent that it threatens fatally Jewsliving in Ukraine. And if there were tobe pogroms in Ukraine in the future(which is something we are trying toprevent), then those Jews who today areplacating their psychological com plexeswith hostile statements towards Ukrainewill have to carry part of the blame forthe worsening of conditions for Ukrainian Jews.

In addition, the anti-Ukrainian statements we so frequently hear from someJewish sources greatly help the Sovietpolicy of "divide and conquer," thepolicy of inciting the various peoples ofthe USSR against each other. In helpingthis Soviet policy, these statements,more basically, do not serve the interestsof the Jewish people nor the West, ingeneral.

The authors of these anti-Ukrainianstatements which unknowingly help

Soviet policy, at the same time ignore along series of historical facts. In truth,the history of Jewish-Ukrainian relations is not composed only of pogroms:It included periods of cooperationbetween Ukrainian and Jewish nationalforces; there was a time when theleadership of the Ukrainian nationalmovement and the Ukrainian press intsarist Russia along with the Jewishpress fought against the Black Hundreds movement, which was hostile

towards both the Jewish and the nationally conscious Ukrainian communities. There was a time when theUkrainian press demanded the vindication of Bailis, the Kiev Jew who wasprovocatively accused by the BlackHundreds in the ritualistic shedding ofChristian blo od. There was a time whenall major Jewish political parties inUkraine cooperated effectively with thegovernment of the Ukrainian NationalRepublic, the independent Ukrainianstate that existed from 1917 to 1920.

We are not concerned so much withhistory, however, as w ith the immediateneeds of the present. History shouldonly serve to help us grasp properly thepolitical and social backdrop to today'sevents.'

And the second of the two majoraspects which we are discussing, andabout which I wrote Mr. Begin, is: in theRussian imperialist tradition, the Nearand Middle East has been one of themain directions for expansion forcenturies. Both the tsarist empire and itsinheritor and political successor, theSoviet Union, have looked at the Nearand Middle East as a region for itsclosest and most active expansion.Today, this expansion is a death threat

not only for Israel but for all of theWestern world.

If we were to look at a map, we wouldsee that Ukraine is the doorway for theUSSR to the Black Sea, and through itto the Mediterranean Sea, and a doorway to the Balkans, and through them,again, to the M editerranean ba sin. Thismeans that the political independenceof Ukraine would cut short Russianimperialistic designs on the Mediterranean Sea basin. This would not onlyprovide security for Israel but wouldalso remov e much of the West's concernabout its vital interests.

This is why we speak of the need forunderstanding the Ukrainian problem.There is, of co urse, a third aspect to thisproblem — the humanistic aspect. Oneof the larger European nations, theUkrainian nation of 40 million with anancient culture, is undergoing forceddenationalization and Russification,and the destruction of its nationalcultural life. The tragedy of this people,no matter how one looks at the historyof Jewish relations with them, cannot beignored by those who value the principlesof cultural humanism.

Therefore, when we pose the question"how to achieve Jewish-Ukrainiancooperation," we must, first of all,answer the following.

The Jewish side in this dialogue must

correctly determine what its interestsare, how these interests are related toUkraine, the Ukrainian national movement and the Ukrainian community inthe W est. 6n ly after having realized thestate of affairs and our interests in them,will we create an atmosphere that isconducive to cooperation with theUkrainian community.

We must, of course, also demandfrom the Ukrainian side that it do itsshare in what serves our mutual interests. We have certain reservationsprimarily concerning tactics and practical day-to-day activities of the Ukrainian side. But in what is most important — the realization of the basicimportance of our cooperation — the

Ukrainian side is far ahead of ou rJewish side. This situation is harmfulfor us.

Our main objective today, therefore,is to change the negative psychologicalatmosphere, created mainly by theJewish side, which interferes intheachievement of our goal of betterdefending the interests of our people,the Jewish nation and of the freeworld. Whoever holds these interestsdear, we call on them to join us.



No. 44 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 31 , 1982 13

Ukrainian perspective(Continued rom pap 5)

over, have their own personal pogromstories to "substantiate" the perception.

Given the background and deep-seated visceral emotiona lism surrounding this view of Ukrainians, mostattempts to convince such Jews of acontrary view are likely to be perceivedas an attack on tradition and familyintegrity. The harder Ukrainians try topersuade Ukrainophobic Jews that

their perceptions are open to seriousquestion, the greater the likelihood thatUkrainian "guilt" will be confirmed andthat Ukrainians will be accused of"rewriting history."

The older Ukrainian perception ofJews, it should also be pointed out, isalso based on certain historical' prejudices. Many Ukrainians in Europedistrusted Jews because they were notChristians, they dressed differently,they observed different customs, andbecause some exploited the Ukrainianpeasant. Jews, moreover, were perceived as the servants of Ukraine'soppressors, whether they held the keysto Ukrainian churches in the name ofPolish tax collectors or suppressed the

Ukrainian national spirit as Bolshevikcommissars. Never mind that Jewsfought alo ngside Ukrainians in theUkrainian National Army, openlysupported and joined in the formationof the Ukrainian National Rada, weremembers of the U krainian peace delegation at Versailles, offered testimony onbehalf of the persecution at the trial ofPetliura's Soviet Jewish assassin, and,more recently, find themselves victimsof the same godless, maniacal, Russianoppressor as Ukrainians. In the mindsmany older-generation Ukrainians allJews are internationalists who willalways be opposed to Ukrainian nationalism and who even now work todiscredit the Ukrainian national move

ment in America.Given these two irreconcilable pre

judices from the past, one might wellwonder why either group even bothersto communicate with the other. Theanswer, of course, is hope; hope in thehumanity which abounds in both of ourpeoples and gives rise to the belief thatthe past can teach us to build a differentfuture. This does not mean we mustforget the past. This is impossible. Whatis possible, however, is a consciousdetermination to acknowledge thenegative perceptions of both groups andto resolve that- neither shall pre-deter-mine the future. Self-fulfilling prophecies are not what w e are after. Ano thergeneration of hate and suspicion willonly serve the interests of our commonenemy.

Having worked with the AmericanJewish Committee for the past IS years

C o n f e r e n c e e x p l o r e s . . .(Continued rom pa ft 5)

future of 1 million Jew s living inUkraine will depend on the way relations between the two peoples evolve, hesaid. Jews in the West should keep thisfact in mind, he added, and they shouldtake a more positive position withrespect to the national aspirations of theUkrainian people.

Mr. Suslensky analyzed some of the

factors that have served to divide Jewsand Ukrainians and those that havebrought them together. The two communities should cooperate in areaswhen their interests coincide, he said,as in fighting against Soviet totalitarianism and for national and humanrights in the US SR. He also called onboth Jews and Ukrainians to fight anti-Semitism and Ukrainophobia.

The conference was chaired by NatalieSluzar.

and having developed what 1 considerto be a close personal friendship withDavid Roth, our next speaker, I amconvinced that Ukrainians can benefitfrom working with Jews if their approach is based on the following rationale:

1. The realization that a sizablesegment of both the present Jewish andthe Ukrainian American communitywill never be convinced of the valuejofUkrainian-Jewish cooperation. Attempting to change the minds of bigoted

Ukrainians and Jews is not only adebilitating waste of time, such effortsrun the risk of exacerbating hostilitieseven further. Ukrainians who are determined to hate Jews, and Jews who aredetermined to hate Ukrainians arequick to discover "hidden m otives" and^)lots to undermine community cohesion" whenever their biases are disturbed.

2. The long-term cultivation ofJewish-American leaders, preferably ofthe younger generation, who are amenable to cooperative effort around common agendas. Most of the progressmade thus far is based on the building ofmutual trust — even friendship —

between individual activists from bothgroups.

3. The development of commonagendas which are mutually beneficialarid non-threatening. Much has beenaccomplished in the past in the domesticarena when issues such as ethnic studies,neighborhood revitalization, mentalhealth and the ethnic elderly wereaddressed. In the international arena,the question of human rights has provided an excellent opportunity formeaningful coalition.

4. The continuation of efforts to bringsmall groups of Jews and Ukrainianstogether to discuss common concerns.

Even if nothing is resolved or opera-tionalized, it is important that Jews andUkrainians co ntinue to meet. Seeminglynon-productive comm unication is betterthan no communication at all.

5. The continued sharing of information vital to each group's interests.Many Jews now regularly receive TheUkrainian Weekly, compliments of theUkrainian National Association, anorganization which has consistentlydemonstrated its support of greatercooperation between Jews and Ukrainians. The American Jewish Comm itteehas been gracious enough to reciprocatewith complimentary copies of variouspamphlets and po sition papers on issues

of concern to Jews. This type of exchange needs to be expanded.

6. The exploration of means by whichthe younger generation can get to knoweach other b etter. Ukrainians have threemajor youth organizations — Plast,ODU M and SUM -A - as well as anational students' organization, all ofwhich could play a major role in developing future intergroup agendas.Summer exchanges between youngIsraelies — who appear to be far lesshostile to Ukrainians than their American counterparts — could serve todevelop significant ties between our twogroups in the future.

7. The realization that regardless ofour present differences, Ukrainians andJews have a common enemy in theSov iet Un ion. Any joint effort toweaken Soviet hegemony in EasternEurope is in the interests of bothgroups.

The road ahead, of course, is uncertain and murky, but as I reflect on thefuture, I am reminded of an interview Ihad with Simon Wiesenthai while I wasin Vienna in 1977. Anyone who has ever

visited Mr.Wiesenthal's offices is immediately struck by the presence of ahuge map of Europe which dominatesone entire wall and which is coveredwith Stars of David of various sizes.Each size represents a specific numberof Jews massacred by the Nazis, thesmaller stars for hundreds, the largerstars for hundreds of thousands. SinceMr. Wiesenthal was born and raised inLviv, 1 was able to conduct my interview in Ukrainian.

After covering many topics—

including Mr.Wiesenthal's efforts to bringthose who had participated in theannihilation o f Jews to justice — weturned to the topic of the future ofUkrainian Jewish relations. Surprisingly,Mr. Wiesen thai was optimistic. "The linewhich separates good and evil people,"he stated "runs through all nations. I amonly interested in those Ukrainians whowantonly killed Jews." The questionwhich many Ukrainians now feel needsto be resolved, however, is the mannerby which guilt is to be determined. Dowe rely on Soviet documentation almost exclusively or do we permit dueprocess to be exercised to the fullest.

These then, are just some of the short-

term activities which Ukrainians and

Jews in North America can continue toinitiate to effect a healing process whichis essentially long term. Some of us seethe need for such action but we musthave broader involvement within bothcommunities to have an impact. I amvery pleased with today's proceedingsbecause I believe they signal the beginning of a new era of communicationwhich could someday lead to greaterunderstanding, mutual sympathy andcooperation between two of the world'smost persecuted p eoples. Given enough

time, we may even get to like each other.

Г (FIRST ENGLISH TRANSLATION) "

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difficult and nearly alwa ys require U.S.intervention unless the applicants arepast working age. So me harassment ofapplicants for emigration may occur,such as demotion or loss of job afterapplying, but does not follow anypattern.

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does not wish to have return, usually inpolitical cases involving prominentdissidents. Emigration passports arenot valid for return to Czechoslovakiawithout special endorsement. Voluntary expatriation is frequently a condition for permission to em igrate, particularly in cases where the emigrant doesnot have close relatives abroad.

Elderly or retired people continue tohave the best chance of receiving permission to visit relatives in the UnitedStates . Ordinary Czechoslovaks ofworking age have significantly greaterdifficulty. The American Embassy inPrague issued app roxim ately 1,020visas for family meetings from OctoberI, 1981, through April 30, 1982, and 42

immigrant visas for family reunification. Large numbers of U.S. citizenswanting to visit relatives in Czechoslovakia usually have not encountereddifficulties in obtaining visas. In manycases, even former citizens of Czechoslovakia usually have not encountereddifficulties in obtaining v isas. In manycases, even former citizens of Czechos lovakia who departed the countryillegally and subsequently becameAmerican citizens have also been permitted to visit, provided they obtaineddocumentation of their loss of CzechsSlovak citizenship from the Czechoslovak Embassy in Washington' (so-called "normalization of status"). However, greater numbers of American

citizens of Czechoslovak descent havebeen refused visas to travel to Czechoslovakia within the last year. New visaregulations, applicable to former Czechoslovak citizens who departed thecountry illegally, are being strictlyinterpreted and appear to be responsiblefor the situation. Czechoslovakia alsocontinues to deny visas to individual'swhom it considers to have engaged in"anti-Czechoslovak" or "anti-Socialist"activity in the United States.

GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC: Emigration is officially discouraged, and travel to the West isalmost impossible for most GDR citizens under retirement age. The vast

majority of applications for exit permitsin recent years have been refused. M anywho apply to emigrate lose their job s,are harassed and are sometimes imprisoned. Occasionally children are discriminated a gainst in schoo l . Someapplicants undergo long interviews withparty or police officials, during whichthey are pressured to abandon theirapplications to leave. Most of thosewho do succeed in leaving legally areallowed to do so because they haverelatives in the West, usually the FederalRepublic of Germany.

In the strictly bilateral U.S.-GDRfamily reunification area, the generallygood GDR performance reported previously continued. Although no cases

were resolved d uring th e period August-December 1981, 11 cases were resolvedduring the January-April 1982 period.Three cases have been outstanding forover a year, with one unresolved forover 18 months. This pattern maydevelop into a long-term trend becausebetween October 1980 and March 1981there was a similar dry spell, followedby a spate of approvals in the spring an d

summer of 1981.The GDR published new official

guidelines on March 17, 1982, expanding the categories of persons who canapply for permission to visit familymembers in the West. Approval ordenial is a po litical decision ma de b y theauthorities; the criteria used to makethese decisions have not been madepublic. As in the past, pensioners (age60 for women and 6 5 for m e n ) c a n applyas can non-pensioners who wish to visita close relative in the event of death orlife-threatening illness, a birth, a wedding anniversary celebration. In addi

tion, non-pensioners may now apply tovisit close relatives in instances ofconfirmations, first holy communions,and 60th, 65th, 70th, 75th and anyfurther birthdays. The travelers mustprove through the presentat ion ofappropriate documents both the relationship and the purpose of travel. Inthe past, many persons have beendenied even though they fit the categories of persons who could be grantedpermission to travel. Others were delayed until their reason for travel nolonger existed. Since more persons willnow be allowed to apply for familytravel to the West, it would be logical topresume that more will be grantedpermission and actually travel. How

ever, the actual effect of the newregulations will depend on how theGDR authorities adjudicate requests.

During October 1, 1981, to April 30,1 9 8 2 , the U.S. Embassy in Berlin issuedfour immigrant visas.

HUNGARY: Hungary's practice onfamily reunification and family visitscontinues to be relatively good. Thereare no systematic sanctions imposed onthose who wish to emigrate, and emigrants may take a modest amount ofpersonal property with them.

From October 1, 1981, throughMarch 31, 1982, the U.S. Embassy inBudapest granted 1,618 visas for familyvisits. The decrease from the last reportrepresents a normal winter seasonaladjustment. The two most frequentreasons for denial of exit permits forvisits abroad to Hungarians are insufficient time since the last visit to the Westor insufficient proof of the ab ility of theU.S. sponsor to provide support. AHungarian usually may not visit aperson who has remained abroad fromHungary under c ircumstances considered illegal under Hungarian lawuntil five years have elapsed. In severalinstances, the Hungarian authoritieshave granted permission for individualsto join immediate relatives "illegally"abroad without representation from theU.S. Embassy. However, in other casesthe Hungarian authorities continue torestrict the reunification of familiesunder this provision. Visas are usuallynot denied to Americans for familyvisits to Hungary.

The U.S. Embassy in Buda pest granted 69 immigrant visas for family reunification in the six-month period endingApril 30, 1982.

POLAND: Martial law has broughtlittle official change in Polish policywith respect to legal ly authorizedemigration. In general, the Polishgovernment discourages emigration,and the basis on which emigrationpassports are issued remains unclearalthoug h the principle of family reunification contiues to be officially espousedby the Polish authorities.

The Pol ish government's Socio-Economic Committee reported in January that abo ut 174,000 people - one-fifth of the 870,000'Poles who wentabroad in 1981 - have failed to return.The Polish government's emigrationpolicy has been enforced in most casesby simply denying Poles passports validfor emigration and by requiring thosewho do receive such passports to divestthemselves of property in Poland a n d torepay the state for the cost of higher

education. A large number of unresolved family reunification cases persists between the United States andPoland.

Another and more disturbing aspectof Polish "emigration" policy surfacedafter the imposition of martial law. Inearly March, the Polish Ministry ofInterior announced that Poles stillinterned under martial law could applyto leave the country permanently withtheir families. Although initial indications are that relatively few of the

several thousand internees have expressed interest in accepting em igrationpassports, there has been increasingevidence that the Polish authorities arepressuring at least some detainees andex-detainees to seek exile as an alternative to continued detention, loss ofemployment, loss of chances for advancement, loss of housing opportunities, or other forms of severe harassment. This is a cynical and deplorablepol icy which , in effect , offers thedetainees the choice of continued imprisonment without being formally chargedwith any criminal act, or of permanentexile from the homeland and peoplethey sought to serve by espousinggreater democracy, social and political

justice, and regard for human rights.The net effect is forced deprivation ofcitizenship, expulsion from their nativecountry and permanent exile — allwithout due process — which constitutes a clear and egregious violation o fhuman rights and fundamental freedoms provided for by the Hels inkiAccords . Although a Pol ish pressspokesman reportedly to ld foreignjournalists that interned activists wholeave-Poland may return whenever theywish, it is clear that the martial lawauthorities would like to rid themselvesof troublesome detainees by forcingthem into exile in the West.

Poland does not prevent the return ofPolish citizens who are temporarilyabroad and, in fact, encourages citizensto retain Polish citizenship even afterthey have been abroad for several years.However, the Polish government haslong had a policy of preventing ordelaying the travel of people who haveimmediate family members abroadwithout authorization of the Polishauthorities.

Despite martial law, Poland continues to encourage foreign visitors.However, foreign tourists are able tovisit Poland only if they arrange travelthrough o fficial Polish tra vef offices.Even before ma rtial law, the number ofU.S. visitors to Poland was do wn due tothe deteriorating economic situation

and sometimes tense political environment there. After December 13, fewerthan 1,000 Americans visited Poland bythe end of March 1982, and many ofthese were officials or journalists.

The U.S. Embassyjin Warsaw issued1,512 immigrant visas for family reunification d uring the period ending April30 . Issuance came to a standstill in theimmediate aftermath of martial law forrequired revalidation of passports butresumed on a more regular basis inJanuary. While it is clear that noteveryone who wants to immigrate to theUnited States from Poland - and whois qualified to apply for an immigrantvisa — has been successful in obtainingan emigrant pa ssport for that purpose,

the Polish performance in this respecthas gradually continued to improve,despite martial law.

RUM ANIA: Rumania views emigration as a privilege granted by thegovernment and d oes no t recognize theright of citizens to live where theychoose or to leave when they choose,notwithstand ing Rumanian" com mitments undertaken in the Helsinki FinalAct and in various bi lateral agreements. The Rumanian authorities inter

pret these agreements a s being pertinentonly to family4 reunification and humanitarian cases, and these remain theonly recognized grounds for emigration. Ruma nia,. however, does allowlimited numbers of citizens whom itconsiders undesirable — such as dissenting Protestants and the most recalcitrant o f th e politcally disaffected - toemigrate.

The government in Rumania attempts to discourage emigration throughadministrative, social and economic

constraints, which can often impose aheavy burden upon individuals, including loss of j o b , dem otions, reductions insalary and other forms of discrimination during the lengthy period when anapplicat ion to emigrate is pending.Periodically, the official media undertake anti-emigration campaigns. Forexample, in March, the party dailyScinteia published an article titled"Chasing After an Illusion" whichdescribed the unfortunate experiencesof an emigrant who returned to Rumania after living in the West. Otherarticles discussed the "humiliatingcondit ions" and a l leged horrors ofRumanians living abroad .

Passport issuance procedures are

among the slowest of the EastEuropean states, arbitrary and unpredictable. Waits of months or even yearsare not unco mmo n. If passport approvalis granted, applicants must sell all realproperty at set government rates. Theyare forbidden to take any funds out ofthe country. Passport holders losehomes, jobs, pensions, education forchildren and access to state-subsidizedmedical care, and cannot depart withoutan entry visa from th e country named inthe exit visa — which may be a statechosen by the authorities rather thanthe applicant. If unsuccessful in securing the requisite visa, the Rumanianpassport holder faces reintegration intoRumanian society as a pariah at con

siderable sacrifice.Visas for temporary visits abroad are

a rare privilege. Seldom are entirefamilies issued passports at the sametime. At least one member of theimmediate family usually must staybehind to ensure the rest of th e family'sreturn.

There has been no appreciable overall improvement in the Rumania ndivided family record during th e reporting period. Although the number ofunresolved nuclear divided family casesdecreased slightly since the last semi-annual report, the number of non -nucleardivided family cases increased. BetweenOctober 1, 1981, and March 31, 1982,

the U.S. Embassy in Bucharest issued901 tourist visas to Rumanians, ofwhich the vast majority were for visits torelatives in the United States. Duringthe same period, the U.S. Embassyissued immigrant visas or documentsfor third-country refugee processing(TCP) to a total of 1,192 persons. Theratio of TCP's to immigrant visas isseven to one.

Americans rarely enco unter problemsin obtaining visas to visit relatives inRumania. Although some visitors obta in Rumanian visas in advance oftravel, the m ajority arrive a t Bucharest'sinternational airport or at the landborders withou t visas. Entry permissionis almost always granted by immigra

tion officials o n the spot and a t no cost.Official policy continues to encourageWestern visitors as a source of hardcurrency. However, the authorit iesprefer travel by groups, rather thanindividuals, both to increase receiptsand to facilitate governmental regulation.

The system established in 1979 forvoluntary registration with the Rumanian Federation of Jewish Communities

(Cont inued on page 15)



Ж 4 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 3 1 , 1982 IS

The Madrid...(Coodnaed f roa page 14)

of Rumanian Jews wishing to emigratec o n t i n u e s t o f u n c t i o n , a l t h o u g h aconsiderable case backlog of approximately 300 individuals who registeredover a year ago continues to exist.Emigration t o Israel in 1981 was somewhat lower than in 1980. Several hundred thousand Jews have left Rumaniasince World W ar II, and only perhaps asfew as 35,000 remain.

The Rumanian government permitsemigration both on a family reunification and a non-family reunificationbasis of ethnic Germans to the FederalRepub l ic o f Germany . Repor ted ly ,emigration of ethnic Germans decreasedsignificantly in 1981.

Binational marriages

In accordance with the final act, theparticipating states pledge to considerfavorably applications for entry or exitfor citizens of the participating states inorder to marry ci t izens of anotherparticipating state. The following chartindicates the problem cases which theUnited States was monitoring as of

April 30, 1982.

Bulgaria 0Czechoslovakia 0GDR 7Hungary 0Poland 7Rumania 60USSR 22

The resolution of binational m arriagecases with Rumania remains a troublesome problem. The approval processtakes, on the average, 16 months. This issubstantial ly longer than for othercountr ies s ignatory to the HelsinkiFinal Act.

The uneven Soviet record on binational ' marriages remains unchanged.Although Soviet authori t ies do notwelcome binational marriages, in thepast the ceremonies were general lyallowed to take place. As of the end ofMarch 1982, 44 binational marriageexit permit applicat ions had beendelayed by Soviet authorities for morethan six months. At least 17 Sovietspouses of U.S. ci t izens have beenrepeatedly denied exit permission forperiods ranging from two to five years.One has been denied ex it permission formore than seven years, and the spousehas not been allowed to visit during thisperiod. In contrast, during the reportingperiod only 22 Soviets received exitpermits to join a spouse in the United

States.In April a gro up of binational spouses

conducted a 10-day hunger strike inMoscow to draw at tent ion to theirsituation and to put pressure on theSoviet authori t ies to resolve theirrequests to emigrate favorably. Thegroup included Soviet citizens marriedto Americans, French and West Germans. They also sent open letters toPres iden t s Reagan , Mi t t e r rand andBrezhnev and to Chancellor Schmidturging humanitarian resolution of theircases. On May 10, six binational spousesbegan an indefinite hunger strike forreunification with their families in theWest.

Although GDR performance in thebinational marriage area has been goodduring the past few years, there are nowtwo binational marriage cases in whichGD R citizens have waited more than sixmonths for exit permission and anotherwho has been waiting for over a yearwith no indicat ion that she wil l beallowed to leave.

In contrast, there are no active casesreported from Bulgaria , Czechoslovakia, Hungary or Poland in which exitor entry permission in a binational

marriage case was denied or delayed foras long as six months. In general, thePolish government has been willing toissue emigration passports to newlyacquired spouses of American citizenswithout delay.

Travel for personal or professional

reasons

The final act signatories agreed tofacilitate travel for personal or professional reasons. Nonetheless, the Soviet

Union and most other East European countries basically do not permitpersonal or professional travel abroadby their citizens except under conditions of strict government control andmonitoring. They generally encouragevisitors from the West, however, butvisitors who attemp t to see refuseniks ordissidents or who bring in religiousarticles or literary material forbidden bythe authorities are subject to harassment.

Bulgarian performance s ince Belgrade on travel and tourism has beenpraiseworthy. Bulgaria and the UnitedStates agreed to facilitate official visasin August 1981, reducing issuance timeand fees in many categories of visitors'

visas. Nonetheless, minor difficultiesand adm inistrative problems encounteredby U.S. and other Western tourists inBulgaria continue as the Bulgariantourist infrastructure stretches to themaximum to accommodate the influxof Western tourists.

Hungary maintains a rather liberaltravel policy for its citizens. In the six-mon th period ending March 31, 1982,the U.S. Embassy in Budapest issued461 tourist visas and 653 other nonimmigrant visas to Hungarians. Thedecrease from the previous report is dueto normal seasonal factors. The numberof Hungarians traveling to the UnitedStates at their own expense with no U.S.sponsor continues to increase. Hungaryalso liberalized travel regulations toWestern countries effective January 1,1982. Hungarian citizens now legallyhave the opp ortunity to visit the West atleast once a year and are permitted topurchase more foreign currency whengoing abroad on a private tour.

As reported previously, Poland considerably relaxed restrictions on travelby Poles abroad in April 1981. Perhapsa million Poles received tourist passports in 1981 for the first time, asubstantial increase over previousyears. However, with the advent ofmartial law on December 13, 1981, thefreedom of Poles to travel abroad was

largely curtailed. The authorities revoked all passports issued before Decembe r 13 and indicated th at theywould issue passports only for officialtravel or in grave emergencies and topersons who have received permissionto em igrate. Restrictions on travel wereeased somewhat on March 15 when theInterior Ministry announced th at Polishtourists would be permitted to makeindividual visits to other East European countries, but w ould only be ableto travel to the West in official tourgroups for events such as sport ingmatches. At the same time, the passportrestrictions also were relaxed in thecases of elderly or disabled-persons andthe "non-productive." It appears likely

that this relaxation was designed toencourage the pe rmanen t depar tu refrom Poland of persons who are burdens on the economy and possibly ofpersons: who are employed in privaterather than state enterprises.

During the six-month period endingMarch 31, 1982, U.S. consu lar offices inPoland issued 6,766 tourist visas and1,619 other non-immigrant visas toPoles. Since the imposition of-martial.law, the number of applicants for

visitors' visas has been reduced to atrickle.

Other East European countries tendto follow the Soviet model of tightcontrol on travel by their c i t izensabroad. The Bulgarian and Rumaniantravel regulations are especially restrictive. In Bulgaria , a stay of longer than onemonth in other East European countries requires a passport and a visa, aspecial invitat ion from the vis i tedcountry, and entails currency exchange.A Rumanian tourist does not need a

visa to visit East European countriesbut m ust hav e an exit visa, issued for sixmonths only, to leave Rumania.

In the past, Czechoslovak citizens intheory were allowed to travel abroad atleast once every three to five years. Inthe case of individual tourism, thisregulation may no longer apply, andpriority may now be given to thosewho have not traveled abroad in thepast. According to official Czechoslovak sta tistics, in 1981, 9,244,772 Czechoslovak citizens traveled abroad forpurposes of tourism, a 10-percent dropcompared to 1980. Of these, 8,743,842visited "So cialist" countries, while only500,930 traveled elsewhere. In addition,the ability of Czechoslovak citizens to

travel to Poland, Hungary and Yugoslavia has been further restricted duringthe last six months: In the case ofPoland, an invitation is now required,while in the case of Hungary, Czecho-

Paid pol. ad .

Slovak ci t izens must convert theirmoney to forints only at official Czechoslovak exchange offices since Hungarian currency is now semi-convertible.In addition, effective Janua ry 1, Czechoslovak citizens desiring to travel toYugoslavia now must apply for a newspecial ly designed "gray" passportpermits passage only through neighboring "Socialist" states and is valid onlyfor Yugoslavia. Reportedly, by thisprocedure Czechoslovak authorities,hope to eliminate an escape route for

Czechoslovak citizens seeking to emigrate to the West.

The Soviet Union, alone of theEast European countries, maintainsextens ive official areas closed toforeigners, as well as ostensibly openareas to which travel by visitors iseffectively denied.

Religious contacts and information

The final act confirms the legitimacyof religious contacts am ong the participating states. Nonetheless, as noted inmore detail in the section on religiousfreedom in Chapter Two of this report;unfettered religious contacts and ex

change of information are actively suppressed in the Soviet Union and someEast European countr ies , wherestr ict s tate supervision of rel igiousactivities is the rule.

Paid pot. ad .

UKRAINIAN AMERICANS

of the

STATE of NEW YORK

V O T E FO R

MARIO CUOMOFOR GOVERNOR

He is a friend to us.

G E O R G E W O L Y N E T Z , JR .

Member of New York State Advisory Council on Ethnic Affairs

OIL AND GAS PROGRAM

E A R N 5 0 9 І N E T A F T E R T A X O N A S I O . O O O I N V E S T M E N T IN L E S S T H A N 6 M O N T H S

A 19 - well program with a 99ft write-off. is being offered with 65 units at S30.300 per unit

payable as follows: all cash or SIO.OOO cash and а 2й -у е а г letter of credit for 523,1 00. The 52,8 00 i t to

cover interest. The S30.300 can be written off in 1982 yielding a tax refund of 515,15 0 in the 50ft tax

bracket. The wells, to be drilled in Ohio, will be in production by the end of 1983 and will pay th e

principal and interest on the letter of credit Incidentally, 95ft of the wells drilled in Ohio are producing

wells. After the letter of cre dit obligation is paid off. you wil l receive income for the remainder lif t of tho

wells of about 7 years, about 25ft of which income will be tax free. This income should be about

S30.0OO.

This program is available to residents of all states except Michigan and Pennsylvania, and you

must have a net worth of a t least 5 15 0,00 0. excluding homes. Another loss expensive program with less

stringent investor qualifications is available bu t only to Ohio residents.

For the past 4 years I have been investing my own money with Leader Equities, Inc., an Ohiocompany offering the program, and can vouch for its integrity. This company has been in operation

since 1972, has assets of 58.9 million, D /E ratio of 3 /1 , and has no t borrowed a cent against its

reserves estimated a t S I S t o 517 million.

This program will close December 1. For further information contact

GEORGE К А Р , ESQ. (Kapustiansky)685 Rockwood Dr . m A k r o n , O h i o 4 4 3 1 3

( 2 1 6 ) 8 6 4 - 5 8 2 8 ( h o m e)



16- THE UKRA IN IAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. OCTOBER 3 1 , 1 9 8 2 N o . 4 4

S u n d a y , O c t o b e r 3 1

NEW YORK: The Ukrainian Institute of America/ Ukrainian NationalAssociat ion Performing ArtistsGroup will present the first n a seriesof concerts for the fall season. "AnAfternoon of C lassics" will be heldtoday at 3 p.m. at the Ukrainianinstitute of America, 2 E. 79th St.The program will feature youngUkrainian performing artists: pianist

Laryssa Krupa, actress Stefka Na-zarkewycz and soprano LaryssaM a gun- H ur yn , a c c o m pa n i e d byMarichka Sochan-Shmorhay. Thesuggested donation of S5 will coverboth the concert and the reception.There will be a champagne intermission. A reception following theprogram will allow guests to meet theperformers.

NEW YORK: The United UkrainianAmerican Organizat ions of NewYork, the UCCA branch, is sponsoring a concert commemorating theevents of November 1, 1918, thisafternoon at 2:30 p.m. at Washington Irving High School, Irving Placeand 17th Street. Tickets are S5 and S6and may be purchased a t Arka, Ekoand at the door. Specia l divineliturgies will be offered in the Ukrainian churches of the New York areaat noon today.

Friday, November 5

EDMONTON: The Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies is sponsoring a two-day conference on "Osvita:Teaching and Learning in Ukrainian" at the University of Alberta.

The symposium starts today at 9a.m. at Lister Hall and runs through

Saturday evening. The purpose ofthe symposium is to provide anobjective forum to share researchresults and to suggest directions thatfuture educational research mighttake. For more information contact:Canadian Inst i tute of UkrainianStudies, 352 Athabasca, Hall, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.T6G 2E8, Canada; or call (403) 432-2972.

L O S A N G E L E S : T he o p e n i n gchampagne reception of a specialphotographic exhibit by DanyoStoyko will be held tonight at 8 p.m.at the Ukrainian Art Center Gallery.According to Daria Chaikovsky,

gallery director, the exhibit, titled"Photo Essays," will include at least80 color images of varying sizes. Thephotographer, Mr. Stoyko, will beon hand during the three-day preview (Friday night, Sa turday from 11a.m. to 3 p.m. and Sunday, noon to 6p.m.)

The exhibit will be at the gallery,4315 M elrose Ave., through Nov ember 18. Gallery hours are Tuesdaythrough Saturday, 11 a.m. to 3 p.m.For more information call (213) 668-0172.

Weekend of November 6-7

ST . PETE RSBU RG, Fla . : Thi sweekend there will be a UkrainianAutumnfest from noon to 9 p.m.both d ays, on the church ground s ofEpiphany of Our Lord UkrainianCatholic Church, 434 90th Ave. N.,(near Fourth Street, State Highway92). Ukrainian fo od , arts and crafts,games, bingo, raffle and entertainment. Dancing to the live music of Bo

P R E VIE W O F E VE N T Sbuilding fund. For further information call: (813) 576-2488.

KERH ONK SON, N .Y.: The Or-iykivtsi Plast Unit is sponsoring the21st annual "Orlykiada" this weekend at Soyuzivka. The theme of thisyear's com petition is "Ukraine -Land of Your Parents."

This year, youth from over 16Plast branches will take part in thecompetition which consists of three'parts: short questions and answers,performances (including sketches,Plast humo r. Ukrainian songs, dancesand recitations) and examples ofPlast handiwork.

The Saturday evening festivitiesinclude the crowning of a "Het-manych" and "Hetmanivna."

Saturday, November 6

PH ILADELPH IA: The 10th annualUkrainian Press Ball sponsored byWorld Federat ion of Ukrainian

Women's Organizat ions and theUkrainian Journalists' Association ofAmerica, will be held tonight at St.Josaphat Auditorium, 4521 DisstonSt. Tickets are SI5 per person; SI0for students.

IRVINGTON, NJ.: Ukrainian National Women's League of AmericaBranch 75 is hosting "VyshyvaniVechernytsi" at 8:30 p.m. in theUkrainian National Home, 140 Prospect Ave. Dance music will be provided by the Chervona Kalyna Orchestra, admission is S10 per person.For reservations call Hanya Myhal,(201)964-6742.

NEW YORK: The Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences (UVAN)and the Slovo Association of Ukrainian W riters are sponso ring a specialconference to mark the 80th birthdayof Hryhoriy Kostiuk today at 5 p.m.at the Academy's building, 206 W.100th St. The conference includessuch speakers as George Shevelov,Petro Holubenko, Danylo Struk,John Fizer , Bohdan Rubchak,Mycha i l o Voskobiynyk and theoctogenarian himself.

DETROIT: St. John's UkrainianCatholic Parish will have a specialliturgy of thanksgiving at 6 p.m.

honoring couples — from newlywedsto those who have been married 24years - all of them on their way to asilver anniversary. After renewingtheir vows during a celebrat ionservice, there will be a social withfood, refreshments and dancing atSt. John's hall. Tickets are availablein advance or at the door, S15 percouple.

Sunday, November 7

NEW YORK: The opening of anexhibit of art works by Iryna H omo -tiuk-Zielyk will take place today at 1p.m. in the Ukrainian Artists' Association Gallery, 136 Second Ave.,fourth floor. The exhibit will be openNovember 7-14. Gallery hours are 6-8 p.m. weekdays, and 1-8 p.m. weekends.

NEW YORK: A public committeefor the commemoration of the 40thanniversary of the founding of the

the Ukrainian Institute of Am erica, 2E. 79th St., beginning at 3 p.m.

Myroslav Labunka will presideover the proceedings of the conference; op ening remarks will bedelivered by Vasyl Kachmar, thehead of the public committee.

Speakers participating in the firstsession are: Yaroslav Bilynsky -

"The Origins of the Ukrainian National Resistance Movement duringthe German O ccupation o f Ukraine";Mykola Lebed - "The Organizationof Anti-German Opposition by theOUN, 1941-43"; Myro slawP roko p-"The Development of the OUNPlatform During the German Occupation of Ukraine and the PoliticalP l a t f o r m o f t he U P A " ; T a r a sH unczak, Yevhen Stachiw - "TheUPA in German, Bolshevik andPolish Documents and Appraisals."

The second part of the conferencewill consist of a discussion of thesuccesses and failures of the UPA.Participants in this session are: AntinDragan, Roman I lnytskyj , Vasyl

Ka lynowych, Anato leKaminsky,Olha Kuzraowycz, Alexander Motyland Petro Sodol. Each sessionwill be followed by a ques-tion-and-answer period.

EASTPORT, N.Y.: A "zakuska"(Ukrainian smorgasbord) wil l beheld at St. Mary's Ukrainian Orthodox Church hall on Montauk Highway. The dinner is from 5 to 7 p.m.

Tickets are S8 for adults, S4 forchildren under 12. They are limitedand may be obtained by calling StellaNidzyn at (516) 325-0482; no ticketswill be sold at the door. The parishrecently became a member of theUkrainian Orthodox Church of theU.S.A. South Bound Brook, N.J.

Sunday, November 14

NEW YORK: Ukrainian National

Women's League of America Branch72 is sponsoring a Musicale featuringthree outstanding y oung artists at 3p.m. at the Ukrainian Institute ofAmerica, 2 E. 79th St. Th e artists areOrest Harasymchuk, pianist; OdarkaPolanskyj, harpist; and Ihor Pono-marenko, violinist. The co-chairwomen of the committee are HelenProciuk and Ann Bezkorowajny.

ONGOING:

WIN NIPE G: The Ukrainian Culturaland Educational Centre, 184 Alexander Aye. E.; is exhibiting thepaintings and sculptures of Ukrainian art ists throughout the fa l l

months in Gallery I. Gallery II isexhibit ing woodcuts by JacquesHnizdovsky.

The museum at the center is currently displaying traditional folk artof the Hutsul region, and pysankyand kylyms from various regions inUkraine. Center hours are Tuesdaythrough Saturday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.,and Sunday, 2 to 5 p.m. For moreinformation, please call (204) 942-0218.

Media Act ion W orksh op s la ted

for S oyu ziv ka, Novem b er 13-14JERSEY CITY, N.J. - A Media

Action Workshop is scheduled to takeplace November 13-14 here at Soyuzivka. The purpose of the workshop isto address the problem of prevailingmisinformation relating to Ukraine andUkrainians in governmental agencies,specifically the Library of C ongress andthe U.S. Census Bureau.

The Ukrainian National AssociationFraternal Activities Office, in collaboration with the Media Action Coalition, will sponsor this one and a half-dayworkshop.

According to Zenon Onufryk, president of the Media Action Co alition, theidentity of Ukraine and those of Ukrai

n i a n a n c e s t r y i s i n a c c u r a t e ly represented in the Library ofCongress and the U.S. Census Bureau."This has a detrim ental effect on Ukraineand those whose heritage is derivedfrom Ukraine," he said.

"The American press and academiccircles refer to these governmentalagencies for information. Unfortunately, the Ukrainian community has notrecognized the significance of thismisrepresentation and has not in thepast, made a concerted effort to correctthis problem," he added.

The workshop is an opportunity toaccomplish a specific, constructive taskwithin a limited time frame, accordingto the Fraternal Activities Office, andyoung Ukrainian Americans will beable to make a significant, goal-orientedcontribution to the community.

The workshop will feature guestspeakers who will brief the participantsabout the organizational structure ofthe aforementioned governmentalagencies. Am ong them will be Prof.

Taras Hunczak of the history depart

Participants of the workshop willdelineate a specific strategy of correcting the misinformation, which they willimplement during the course of theworkshop. Also on the agenda is thedevelopment of a long-term strategyfor dealing with the problem.

The idea behind this workshop wasgenerated last spring, at the UNA-sponsored Sharing and Communicating Workshop, a forum where youngUkrainian Americans discussed problems facing the Ukrainian community,as well as long- and short-term solutions.

Those who are interested in participating in the workshop should contact

the UNA Fraternal Activities Office:(201) 451-2200, (212) 227-5250; 30Montgomery St . , Jersey City, N.J.07302. The UN A will cover the expensesof room and board for the participants.

S t . G e o r g e p o s tt o h o n o r v e t e r a n s

NEW YORK - The St. George,Poetof the Catholic War Veterans willdistribute that organization's "Cross ofPeace" emblem a t all divine liturgies onNovember 7 to commemorate Veterans'Day.

Other CWV posts across the countrywill be distributing the emblems honoring this nation's veterans.

A panakhyda has been scheduledafter the noon liturgy at St. George's inmemory of all deceased veterans. AllNew York City Ukrainian organizations are invited to take part in thismemorial service by sending representa-