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Today fill in the blanks when the screen shows green and underlined words . Scientific Method Detailed Notes. Scientific Method Detailed Notes. Scientific Problem A question to investigate Turn to your Glossary to letter “S”. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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• Today fill in the blanks when the screen shows green and underlined words.
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes
I. Scientific ProblemA. A question to investigate• Turn to your Glossary to letter “S”.• Add the word “scientific problem” and the
page number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
B. The question centers on objects, organisms, and events in the natural world
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes
I. Scientific ProblemC. Cannot be answered with a yes or no D. It is testable (able to do an experiment about
it)
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes
I. Scientific ProblemE. The question connects to scientific concepts
rather than to opinions, feelings, or beliefs.F. Explains the purpose of the experiment
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes
I. Scientific ProblemEX: What is the effect of the length of helicopter
blades (cause) on the number of twirls (effect)?
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes
II. Making Observations
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesQualitative QuantitativeQuality Quantity Descriptions Numbers- _____________ - _____________- _____________ - _____________
- Now make 2 qualitative and 2 quantitative observations about your pencil. Record your observations in the T-chart above.
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesIII. Writing A HypothesisA. A hypothesis is a prediction, idea, or possible
solution • Turn to your Glossary to letter “H”.• Add the word “hypothesis” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
B. Explains the cause and effect of the experiment
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesIII. Writing A HypothesisC. Contains the words: if, related to, and thenD. Format: If (effect) is related to (cause), then
(specific prediction)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesIII. Writing A HypothesisEX: If (the number of twirls) is related to (mass
of the helicopter), then (as the mass of the helicopter increases the number of twirls will decrease).
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesHow to Design an Experiment• Variable – • any factor that affects an experiment• Turn to your Glossary to letter “V”.• Add the word “variable” and the page number
of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVariables related to an experiment:1. Control – “normal” group, the group you compare to, the
non-treatment group• Turn to your Glossary to letter “C”.• Add the word “control” and the page number
of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVariables related to an experiment:2. Experimental group – group that receives the treatment for what you
are studying• Turn to your Glossary to letter “E”.• Add the words “experimental group” and the
page number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVariables related to an experiment:3. Constants – things that must stay the same in each trial of
the experiment• Turn to your Glossary to letter “C”.• Add the word “constants” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVariables related to an experiment:4. Dependent Variable (D.V.) – measured variable, effect (as in cause and
effect)• Turn to your Glossary to letter “D”.• Add the words “dependent variable” and the
page number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVariables related to an experiment:5. Independent Variable (I. V.) – manipulated/changed variable, cause (as in
cause and effect) (the one that I, as the experimenter, can change or control)
• Turn to your Glossary to letter “I”.• Add the words “independent variable” and
the page number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesIV. Write a Procedure
A. List of step-by-step directions• Turn to your Glossary to letter “P”.• Add the word “procedure” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesIV. Write a Procedure
B. Short, easy to follow steps (sketches are good to include)
C. Each step begins with a verb (action word)D. Must be detailed enough so that someone
else could repeat your experiment.
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesV. Carry Out (Do) the Experiment
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• Now pick 3 crayons of different crayons from the bag.
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVI. Collect and Organize Data
A. Creating Data Tables1. Organize data in columns
and rows.
**Use 1 crayon to color 1 column and 1 row.
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes• Turn to your Glossary to letter “D”.• Add the words “data table” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVI. Collect and Organize Data
A. Creating Data Tables2. Always have a title at the top of the
table.
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVI. Collect and Organize Data
A. Creating Data Tables3. Always put units (cm, g, etc.) in column
headings.
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVI. Collect and Organize Data
A. Creating Data Tables4. Usually, the Dependent Variable goes in
the right column and the Independent Variable goes in the left column.
**Use 2nd crayon to color “Dependent Variable” and D.V. column.
**Use 3rd crayon to color “Independent Variable” and I.V. column.
Units (seconds) Units (cm)
Title: ______________________
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)• Turn to your Glossary to letter “A”.• Add the words “analyze data” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)
A. There are three types of graphs:1. Line graph – continuous data (usually data over time)
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes• Turn to your Glossary to letter “L”.• Add the words “line graph” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)
A. There are three types of graphs:2. Bar graph – comparing data
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes• Turn to your Glossary to letter “B”.• Add the words “bar graph” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)
A. There are three types of graphs:3. Circle graph– percentage data (or parts of a whole)
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Scientific Method Detailed Notes• Turn to your Glossary to letter “C”.• Add the words “circle graph” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)
B. A graph has an x-axis and y-axis. The Independent Variable goes on the x-axis
and the Dependent Variable goes on the y-axis.Choose 2 crayons. Color “The Independent
Variable goes on the x-axis” one color and color “the Dependent Variable goes on the y-axis” the second color.
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)C. Every graph must have:
1. Title2. X-axis labeled 3. Y-axis labeled
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)C. Every graph must have:
4. Appropriate intervals – must start at 0 and go up by the same amount each time
5. Appropriate type of graph for the data you are displaying
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)C. Every graph must have:
X-Axis Label
Y-Ax
is La
bel
Color the x-axis one color and color the y-axis the second color. Use the same colors
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)D. Interpolation vs. Extrapolation1. Interpolation – making a prediction based
inside the dataTurn to your Glossary to letter “I”.Add the word “interpolation” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)D. Interpolation vs. Extrapolation1. Interpolation – making a prediction based
inside the dataa. For example, on the following graph
there is no specific data for 12 minutes, butwe can estimate what it would be becausewe have data between 10 and 15 minutes.
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Interpolationthere is no specific data for 12 minutes
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)D. Interpolation vs. Extrapolation2. Extrapolation – making a prediction that lies
outside the data• Turn to your Glossary to letter “E”.• Add the word “extrapolation” and the
page number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)D. Interpolation vs. Extrapolation2. Extrapolation – making a prediction that lies
outside the dataa. For example, on the above graph there is
no data for 3 minutes or for 35 minutes.
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVII. Analyze Data (Creating Graphs)D. Interpolation vs. Extrapolation
If we estimate for these times it would be extrapolation because we don’t have datathat those number lie between. They lieoutside of our data or they are “extra.”
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Extrapolationthere is no specific data for 3 minutes or 35
minutes
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVIII. Draw Conclusions (Writing A Conclusion)• Turn to your Glossary to letter “C”.• Add the word “conclusion” and the page
number of your “Scientific Method Detailed Notes” (probably page 22)
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVIII. Draw Conclusions (Writing A Conclusion)A. Restate (rewrite)what you did in your
experiment. B. Restate your hypothesis and tell if your
experiment supported or did not support the hypothesis.
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Scientific Method Detailed NotesVIII. Draw Conclusions (Writing A Conclusion)C. Tell at least one thing you would change if
you were to repeat this experiment in order to make it better.
D. Summarize what you learned by doing this experiment.