trailer axle maintenance manual - norwoodsales.com · traxium trailer axle can be found on the...

$2.00 TMS-MMTA103.29.2017

TrailerAxleMaintenanceManual

MaintenanceManualTableofContents

TableofContents PageExplodedView.............................................................................................................................................1

Section1:GeneralInformation...................................................................................................................3

GeneralWarnings............................................................................................................................3

DescriptionofAxleModels..............................................................................................................3

Identifications..................................................................................................................................4

Section2:Installation..................................................................................................................................5

AxleInstallationGuideline...............................................................................................................5

AxlePositioning...............................................................................................................................5

BrakeChamberMounting...............................................................................................................7

Suspension.......................................................................................................................................7

Welding............................................................................................................................................7

AxleAlignment.................................................................................................................................7

WheelEndInstallation.....................................................................................................................7

Section3:BrakeService...............................................................................................................................8

BrakeServiceInspection..................................................................................................................8

RemovalandDisassembly...............................................................................................................9

InstallandAssembly......................................................................................................................11

Lubrication.....................................................................................................................................14

Section4:TorqueSpecification.................................................................................................................16

Section4:AxleLoadRating.......................................................................................................................17

LoadsAppliedtoTrailerAxle.........................................................................................................17

AxleRatingforMechanicalSuspension.........................................................................................18

AxleRatingforAirSuspension.......................................................................................................19

AxleRatingCharts...................................................................................................................20-23

MaintenanceManualExplodedView

1

ExplodedView:P-SeriesSpindleshown.

N-SeriesSpindle

MaintenanceManualExplodedView

2

MaintenanceManualSection1-GeneralInformation

3

AboutthisManual

MaintenanceandserviceproceduresoutlinedinthismanualapplytoTraxiumtraileraxle.

Informationcontainedinthismanualissubjecttochangewithoutnotice.

GeneralWarnings

BeforeYouBegin

1. Readandunderstandallinstructionsandproceduresbeforeservicingcomponents.

2. Topreventseriouspersonalinjuryalwaysweareyeprotectionandappropriatepersonalprotectionequipmentwhenperformingbrakemaintenanceorservice.

3. Useofspecialtoolswillaidinperformingserviceandmaintenanceaswellashelpavoidseriouspersonalinjuryanddamagetocomponents.

4. Followallwarningandcautionmessagesinthispublicationtopreventpersonalinjuryand/ordamagetocomponents.

5. Followyourcompany'sguidelineswhenperformingdiagnostic,maintenance,serviceorinstallationprocedures.

VehiclePreparation

1. Parkthevehicleonlevelsurface.Settheparkingbrakeandblockthewheelstopreventthevehiclefrommoving.

2. Raisethetrailerandsupportvehiclebyplacingsafetystandsundereachaxlespringseat.Donotworkunderavehiclesupportedonlybyjacks.

3. Foraxlesequippedwithspringbrakechambers,compressandlockthespringstopreventthemfromactuating.

4. Disengagebrakesbyusingthemanualadjustingnutontheslackadjustersuntiltheliningsclearthedrums

AutomaticSlackAdjusters(ASAs)

Automaticslackadjusterinstallation,maintenanceandserviceshouldbeperformedaccordingtomanufacturer'srecommendedprocedures.

ForadditionalinformationregardingslackadjustersrefertoTMCRP609.

DescriptionofAxleModelsBeamDesign

AXNtraileraxlesareavailableinfollowingbeamdesignsvariations.

§ Straightbeam-TAmodel(Figure1.1)§

§ DropAxle-TADmodel(Figure1.2)

SpindleDesign

-Nseries(tapered)orPseries(parallel)spindlesdesignswithstandardretentionhardware.

Brakes

-Cambrakes

Figure1.1

Figure1.2

MaintenanceManualSection1-GeneralInformation

4

Identification

IdentificationTag

AlltheinformationneededtoidentifyaspecificTraxiumtraileraxlecanbefoundontheidentificationtaglocatedatthecenteroftheaxlebeam.IDtagisstampedwithtraileraxlepartnumber,serialnumber,manufacturedateandnominalbeamrating(Figure1.3).

§

§ Partnumberiscomposedoflettersandnumbersforexample,TA225T67E7751001.Itcontainsinformationregardingaxleassembly.

§ SerialnumberiscomposedoflettersandnumbersforexampleC10D00001.Itisusedtoidentifyindividualtraileraxle.

§ ManufacturedateisindicatedbyMM/DD/YY.

§ Nominalbeamratingisspecifiedinpounds.

TrailerAxleModelNomenclature

PartnumbercomposedoflettersandnumbersfoundontheIDtagisusedtoidentifyanaxlemodel.Theselettersandnumberscorrespondtoinformationregardingbeamdesign,nominalbeamrating,spindletype,brakesizeandtype,trackandvariantrelatedtoatraileraxlemodel.

Figure1.3

WheelEndInstallation,AdjustmentandMaintenanceProcedures

PleaserefertoTechnology&MaintenanceCouncil(TMC)RecommendedMaintenancePracticeGuidelinesasFollows:

• WheelBearingAdjustmentProcedures:RefertoTMCRP618• WheelSealandBearingRemoval,InstallationandMaintenance:RefertoTMCRP622• RecommendationsforWheelEndLubrication:RefertoTMCRP631

MaintenanceManualSection2-Installation

5

InstallationFollowallwarningandcautionmessagesinthispublicationtopreventpersonalinjuryand/ordamagetocomponents.

Warning!Topreventseriouseyeinjuryalwaysweareyeprotectionwhenperformingbrakemaintenanceorservice

Parkthevehicleonlevelsurface.Settheparkingbrakeandblockthewheelstopreventthevehiclefrommoving.

Supportvehiclebyplacingsafetystandsundereachaxlespringseat.Donotworkunderavehiclesupportedonlybyjacks.Jackscanslipandfallovercausingseriouspersonalinjuryanddamageaxlecomponents.

AxleInstallationGuideline

1. Locatethetopandfrontofaxle(refertoproceduresinAxlePositioninginthissection).

2. Verifythatthebracketsfittheaxlecorrectly,thenweldthesuspensionbrackettotheaxle(refertoWeldingSection)

3. Positiontheaxleunderthevehicleandtightenthesuspensioninstallationfasteners.Followtherecommendedprocedurestopreventovertorquingofthefasteners.Finaltighteningmustbeperformedusingacalibratedtorquewrenchtothetorquevaluespecifiedbythemanufacturer.

4. Inspecttheassemblytoensurethat:

a. Suspensionspringsarelocatedcorrectlyontheirwearpads.

b. Sufficientclearanceexistsbetweentheaxleandvehiclecomponentsfor

bothloadedandunloadedconditions.

c. Allfastenersaretightenedtocorrecttorquevalues.

5. Afteraninitialbreak-inperiodandduringregularintervals,inspectallsuspensionfastenerstoensurethatcorrecttorquevaluesarebeingmaintainedaccordingtomanufacturer'sspecifications.

AxlePositioningCaution!Followtheseinstructionstocorrectlypositionanaxle.Incorrectlypositionedaxleorbrakecomponentsweldsthatareinunauthorizedlocationcancauseanaxletocrack.Incorrectlypositionedaxlecancauseincorrectaxlecamberortoeresultinginexcessivetirewear.Damagetoothercomponentscanalsoresult.AxleTopandBottom

1. OnaxlesbuiltWITHtopcenterhole,thepartiallydrilled0.31"diameterholeidentifiesthetopoftheaxle(Figure2.1).

2. OnaxlesbuiltWITHOUTthetopcenterhole,theaxlecanberotated180degreesandaxletopandbottomareinterchangeable.

TopCenterHoleLocation

Figure2.1


6

Camshaftrotation

AxleFrontandRear

1. Onaxlesbuiltwithtopcenterhole,theIDtagislocatedtowardstherearoftheaxle.

2. Onaxlesbuiltwithouttopcenterhole,axlecanberotated180degreesandaxlefrontandrearareinterchangeable.Refertobrakeinstallationguidelineregardingthesemodels.

BrakeOrientation

Traileraxlesshouldbeinstalledsothatthecamshaftrotatesinthesamedirectionasthetireswhenthevehicleismovingforward(Figure2.2).

AxleRotation

NonCamberedAxles

1. Onaxlesbuiltwithtopcenterhole,locatethetopcenterholewithin20degreesfromverticalcenterlineandlocatethebrakehardwarewithin20degreesfromhorizontalcenterline(Figure2.3).

2. Onaxlesbuiltwithouttopcenterhole,locatethebrakehardwarewithin20degreesofhorizontalcenterline.

CamberedAxles

Allcamberedaxlesarebuiltwiththetopcenterhole.Camberedaxlesmustbeinstalledsothatthetopcenterholelocatedattheexacttopposition.

Camshaftrotation

ForwardWheelRotation

Correct Incorrect

ForwardWheelRotation

Figure2.2

Figure2.3

Engineeringapprovalrequiredforlocatingaxleinthearea.*°


7

BrakeChamberMounting

Installtheairchamberinthemountingholesinthechamberbracketaccordingtotheslackadjusterlengthrequired.(Figure2.4)

SlackAdjusterLength

BrakeAirChamberMountingLocations

15”or16.5”Brake

12.25”Brake

5" A-A A-BorB-A

5.5" A-BorB-A B-B

6" B-B B-CorC-B

6.5" B-CorC-B C-C

7" C-C –

Suspension

Caution!

U-boltsmustbetightenedtothemanufacturer'sspecifications.OvertightenedU-boltscandamagetheaxleatthepointwheretheboltscontacttheaxle.

Traileraxlesuspensioninstallation,maintenanceandserviceshouldbeperformed

accordingtosuspensionmanufacturer'sspecification.

ForadditionalinformationrefertoTMCRP728.Welding

Warning!

Incorrectweldingmethodsandweldinunauthorizedlocationcanleadtoreductioninfatiguelifeofthetraileraxle.Seriouspersonalinjurycanresult.

RefertoTMCRP728forinformationregardingweldingonthetraileraxle.

AxleAlignment

Caution!

Incorrectlypositionedaxlecancauseincorrectaxlecamberortoeresultinginexcessivetirewear.Damagetoothercomponentscanalsoresult.

RefertoTMCRP708regardingtraileraxlealignment.

WheelEndInstallation

Wheelendcomponentsmustbecorrectlyinstalledandperiodicallyinspectedtoensureoptimalperformanceofthetraileraxle.

RefertoTMCRP618,622,and631regardinginstallation,serviceandmaintenanceofwheelendcomponents.

Figure2.4

AXN Heavy Duty • 5534 National Turnpike • Louisville, KY 40214 • USA 502.361.2047 • www.axnheavyduty.com

Three Cotter Pin Holes

Wheel Bearing Adjustment Procedure using P-series Castellated Spindle Nut

The AXN Pl series single nut model consists of a washer, castellated nut and cotter pin.

Use the following procedure to adjust the wheel bearings: 1. Install the washer and castellated nut.

Tighten the nut to 200 lb-‐ft (271 N-‐m) whilerotating the wheel end in both directions.

2. Completely loosen the nut, then tighten it to50 lb-‐ft (68 N-‐m) while rotating the wheelend in both directions.

3. Loosen the nut 1/8 to 1/6 turn. Do notinclude socket backlash in the 1/8 to 1/6turn.

Caution! Always replace used cotter pins with new ones when servicing the axle spindle. Failure to do so can result in damage to components.

4. Install a new cotter pin into the axle spindlehole, but do not bend.

Warning! You must adjust wheel bearing end play to within 0.001-‐0.005-‐inch (0.025-‐0.127 mm). Loss of wheel-‐end components, serious personal injury and damage to components can result.

5. Check the end play using procedure detailedin the steps below. If end play falls within0.001-‐0.005-‐inch (0.025-‐0.127 mm), go toStep 6.

If end play does not meet this requirement:

A. Remove the cotter pin.

B. Tighten or loosen the castellated nut asrequired to achieve the correct end play.

C. Install the cotter pin.

D. Check end play.

E. Continue to adjust until the end playmeets specifications.Then go to Step 6.

6. Bend one leg of the cotter pin 90 degrees.Do not bend both legs.

Caution! When you install a new cotter pin into the axle spindle hole, only bend one leg of the pin 90 degrees. If you bend both cotter pin legs in the same direction, the cotter pin can fall out of the spindle, resulting in damage to components.


MaintenanceManualSection3-BrakeService

8

BrakeServiceInspection

1. Inspectbrakeshoeanchorpins,rollersandbushingsforwearanddamage.Replaceasrequired.

2. Inspectbrakeshoe"D"holesforwearanddamage.Replaceasrequired.

3. Inspectreturnandretainingspringsforanyrelaxationinthecoilsandwearinthehooks.Replaceasrequired.

Useofnewreturnandretainingspringsarehighlyrecommendedwhenservicingdrumbrakes.

4. Inspectbrakeliningsforwear.Ifworntowearindicator,replaceasanaxleset.

5. Checkcamshaftforup-downandside-sideendplay.Ifendplayismorethan0.030"(0.76mm)ineitherdirection,replacethecamshaftbushingsorcamshaft.(Figure3.1)

6. Checkcamshaftforaxialendplay.Ifendplayismorethan0.060"(1.52mm),replacecamshaftand/orbushingsasrequired.(Figure3.2)

Figure3.1

Figure3.2

CHECKUP-DOWN/SIDE-SIDEENDPLAY

CHECKAXIALENDPLAY


9

RemovalandDisassembly

BrakeShoeAssemblyRemoval

Usecautionwhenhandlingbrakecomponentsastheycouldcontainasbestosandnonasbestosfibers.

1. Removethetworetainingsprings.(Figure3.3)

2. Pushdownonthebottombrakeshoeanddisengageitfromtheanchorpin.Movethebottombrakeshoetotheoutboardsideofthebrakespider(Figure3.4).

3. Liftupthetopbrakeshoeanddisengageitfromtheanchorpinthenremovebrakeshoeassembly(stillconnectedbythereturnspring)fromthebrakespider(Figure3.5).

4. Removethereturnspringfromthetopandbottombrakeshoe.

5. Removebrakeshoerollerbycarefullypullingontheretainingclip.

6. RemovetheAnchorpin.

Figure3.3

RemoveRetainingSpring

Figure3.5

Figure3.4

Liftup

PushDown


10

CamshaftandBushingRemoval

1. Removetheclevispinconnectingtheslackadjustertothebrakechamberpushrodclevis.

2. Movetheslackadjusterawayfromtheclevisbyrotatingtheadjustingnut(Figure3.6).

3. Removesnapringattheendofthecamshaftsplineandremovetheslackadjusterfromthecamshaftspline.

4. Removethesnapringatthespiderendandremovecamshaftfromthebrakespider.

5. Removealltheloosepartsincludingsealsandwashersfromthecamshaftandretainerbore(figure3.8).

6. Useacorrectsizedrivertodrivethebushingsoutoftheretainerbore.Usecaretopreventdamagetotheretainerbore(Figure3.7).

7. Removethebushingassemblyattheslackadjusterendbyremovingthefourcapscrews.

Figure3.6

MoveSlackAdjusterawayfrompushrodclevis

Figure3.7

Figure3.8

CAMSHAFT

WASHER

BUSHINGASSEMBLY

WASHERSPACER

BUSHING

SEALSEAL

SLACKADJUSTER

WASHER

SNAPRING

Driver


11

InstallandAssembly

BushingandSealinstallattheSpiderEnd.

1. Drivethemetalbushingintotheretainerboreuntilthebushingiscenteredintheretainer(Figure3.9).

2. Installthegreasesealoneachsideofthebushingwiththeseallipsfacingtowardtheslackadjuster.

BushinginstallattheSlackAdjusterEnd

Installthebushingassemblybytighteningfourcapscrewsto25-35lb-ft(34-48N•m)(Figure3.10).

Camshaftinstall

1. Cleantheentirecamshaft,thispreventsthebushingfrombeingcontaminatedwhenthecamshaftispushedthroughthebushing.

2. Applylightgreasetothecamshaftbushingandjournals.

3. Installalargerectangularwasherontothecamshaft.

4. Installthecamshaftbypushingthroughthebushingatthespiderend.Donotpushthroughthebushingattheslackadjusterend.

5. Installawasherasneededontothecamshaft.

6. Installthecamshaftbypushingthroughthebushingassemblyattheslackadjusterend.

7. Installthesnapringontothecamshaftatthespiderend.

Turnthecamshaftbyhandtoensurethatitisinstalledcorrectly.

Figure3.9

Figure3.10

CentertheBushingintheretainer

FourCapscrewsRequired

SlackAdjuster

GreaseSeal

GreaseSeal

Figure3.11

Camshaft

Washer

Washer

SnapRing


12

8. Applyanti-seizecompoundtothecamshaftandslackadjusterspline.

9. Installtheslackadjusterbyinstallingonewasheroneachsideoftheslackadjusterandinstallthesnapring.

10. Usingtheslackadjustermanualadjustingnutaligntheholeintheslackadjusterwiththeholeinthepushrodclevisonthebrakechamber.

11. Applyanti-seizecompoundtotheclevisandinstallthroughtheholeinthepushrodclevisandslack.Secureusingacotterpin.

12. Applygreasetothegreasefittingatthespiderandbushingassemblyuntilnewgreasepurgesfromalltheseals(3.11).

GREASEFITTING

Figure3.11


13

BrakeShoeAssemblyandInstall

1. Lubricateinsidetheanchorpinbushingsandinstallanchorpin.

2. Lubricatetheanchorpinandbrakeshoerollerswheretheytouchthebrakeshoe.

3. Installbrakeshoerolleronbothtopandbottombrakeshoesbypressingtheearoftheretainerclipandfittingtheretainerbetweenbrakeshoewebs.Pushtheretainingclipintothebrakeshoesuntiltheearslockinholesinthebrakeshoewebs.

4. Placethetopbrakeshoeinpositiononthetopanchorpinandcamshaftheadandattachthereturnspringtothebrakeshoereturnspringpin(Figure3.12).

5. Holdthebottombrakeshoeinpositiononthebottomanchorpinandinstallbrakeshoeretainingsprings(Figure3.13).

6. Installretainingspringtothetopandbottombrakeshoes(Figure3.14).

Figure3.12

Figure3.13

PlaceTopShoeinPositionwithReturnSpring

PlaceBottomShoeandInstallReturnSpring

Figure3.15

InstallRetainingSpring


14

LubricationSchedule

Toensureoptimumbrakeperformanceandmaintainlifeofbrakecomponentsuseoneoffollowingschedulesthatprovidemostfrequentinterval.

Note:Followingrecommendedschedulesareforon-highwayapplicationunderstandarddrivingconditions.Morefrequentlubricationschedulearerequiredforon-highwayheavyduty,off-highwaydrivingconditionsorcombinationofboth.

-Vehiclemanufacturer'sschedule.

-Companyfleetlubricationschedule.

-Every6months.

-Fourtimesduringthelifeofbrakelining.

Inadditiontolubricationschedule,lubricatebrakecomponentsasneededorwhentheyaredisassembled.

Caution:Donotallowgreaseoranyotherlubricantstocomeincontactwiththebrakesurfaceorbrakelining.Cleanbrakedrumsorrotorsandreplacecontaminatedliningsifgreaseoranyotherlubricantsarefoundonthesecomponents.

Lubrication

CamshaftBushings-Applyspecifiedgreaseatthegreasefittingonthespiderbushingandontheslackadjusterbushing.

SlackAdjuster-Applyspecifiedgreaseatthegreasefitting.

CamshaftSpline-Applyspecifiedlubricanttotheentireareaincontactwiththesplineontheslackadjuster.

AnchorPin-Applyspecifiedgreasetotheentirepin.

BrakeShoeRoller-Applyspecifiedgreasetothepartofrollerincontactwiththebrakeshoe"D"hole.Donotgreasetheareaincontactwiththecamshafthead.

ClevisPin-Applyspecifiedlubricanttoentirepin.

Figure3.16


15

MaintenanceManualSection4-TorqueSpecification

16

1 Hubcapbolts2 SpindleNuts3 CamBushingHousingBolt/Nut4 AirChamberNut5 DustShieldBolt

12-16

14-18

12-16

17-22

20-25

20-25

RefertoTMCRP618

109-17080-125

DescriptionItemTorqueRange

N•mLb-Ft

Figure4.1

MaintenanceManualSection5-AxleLoadRating

17

LoadsappliedtoTrailerAxle

ForceT=Downwardloadfromvehicleandfreightappliedateffectivemountingcenters• Trailersequippedwithmechanicalspringsuspensionstheeffectivemountingcenters

areequaltothespringcenters.• Trailersequippedwithairsuspensions,effectivemountingcentersaredeterminedby

suspensiongeometryandcalculatedusingformulaasshownin“AxleRatingsforAirSuspensionsinstalledon5inchODAxleBeams”

ForceR=Reactionloadappliedatvehicletrack• Trailersequippedwithdualwheelsorsinglewheelwithzerooffset,thevehicletrackis

equaltotheaxletrack• Trailersequippedwithsingletireusingoutsetwheel,thevehicletrackisequaltothe

distancebetweenthecenterlineofthetwosingletires.

Ø Note:Outsetsingle-wheelapplicationsrequireP-seriesspindles

TodeterminetheAXNaxleloadrating

1. Determineeffectivemountingcenters2. DetermineVehicleTrack3. CalculateOverhang4. Usethecalculatedoverhangdistancetogetaxlebeamratingfromtherespectivechart

basedonaxletype

Figure4.1


18

AxleRatingsforMechanicalSuspension

Installedon5inchODAxleBeams

EffectiveMountingCenters=𝑆𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠

Ifvehicleisequippedwithdualwheelorsinglewheelwithzerooffset.VehicleTrack=Axletrack

Overhang= !"!!"#$ !"#$%!!""#$%&'# !"#$%&$' !"#$"%&!

UsethisOverhangdistancetogetaxlebeamratingfromtherespectivechartbasedonaxletype

Figure4.2


19

AxleRatingsforAirSuspension

Installedon5inchODAxleBeams

A=Distancefromcenterlineofpivottocenterlineofaxle.B=Distancefromcenterlineofpivottocenterlineofairspring.C=TrailingarmcenterdistanceD=Airspringcenterdistance

EffectiveMountingCenters= !!!!

∗ 𝐶 + !!!!

∗ 𝐷

Ifvehicleisequippedwithdualwheelorsinglewheelwithzerooffset.VehicleTrack=Axletrack

Overhang= !"!!"#$ !"#$%!!""#$%&'# !"#$%&$' !"#$"%&!

UsethisOverhangdistancetogetaxlebeamratingfromtherespectivechartbasedonaxletype

Figure4.3


20

16,000

18,000

20,000

22,000

24,000

26,000

28,000

30,000

32,000

17.25 17.75 18.25 18.75 19.25 19.75 20.25 20.75 21.25

AxleBeamW

eightR

ajng(P

ound

s)

Overhang(Inches)

StraightTrailerAxles(5"OD)Note:Outsetsingle-wheelapplicajonsrequireP-seriesspindles

0.75"NominalWall

0.58"NominalWall

0.47"NominalWall


21

16,000

18,000

20,000

22,000

24,000

26,000

28,000

30,000

32,000

17.25 17.75 18.25 18.75 19.25 19.75 20.25 20.75 21.25

AxleBeamW

eightR

ajng(P

ound

s)

Overhang(Inches)

6.25"DropCenterAxle(5"OD)Note:Outsetsingle-wheelapplicajonsrequireP-seriesspindles

0.75"NominalWall

0.58"NominalWall


22

16,000

18,000

20,000

22,000

24,000

26,000

28,000

30,000

32,000

17.25 17.75 18.25 18.75 19.25 19.75 20.25 20.75 21.25

AxleBeamW

eightR

ajng(P

ound

s)

Overhang(Inches)

8"and9"DropCenterAxles(5”OD)Note:Outsetsingle-wheelapplicajonsrequireP-seriesspindles

0.75"NominalWall

0.58"NominalWall

Product I.D. - TMS-MMTA1 Printed in U.S.A. 03.29.2017

AXN Heavy Duty 5534 National Turnpike Louisville, KY 40214 • USA 502.361.2047 www.axnheavyduty.com

trailer axle maintenance manual - norwoodsales.com · traxium trailer axle can be found on the...

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