warr talk san francisco 2014 for cinf

From Virtual Communities to

Web 2.0, Social Media, and

Beyond. A Publishing

Perspective

Dr. Wendy A. Warr

http://www.warr.com

Wendy Warr & Associates

ChemWeb.com History

• Announced August 1996

– by MDL and Current Science Group

• Launched April 1997

• Acquired by Elsevier October 1997

• Elsevier closed all “portals” mid-2003

• ChemWeb.com sold to ChemIndustry

April 2004


ChemWeb.com


Virtual Conferences



ChemWeb.com (2002)

• 350 journals

• 25 databases

• structure searching

• careers center

• conference center

• bookstore

• The Alchemist

• 11 forums

• 300K members

• CPS


“We’re conducting a sort of experiment.

Until [someone] offers the service,

nobody knows whether it will get used

or not.”

Bill Town, C&EN, 2000


Elsevier Criteria

• Number of preprints

• Geographic spread

• Number of readers

• Number of articles going

on to publication

Patrick Jackson, Publishing Director


CPS 2000-2002

Was the Experiment a Success?

• Yes (?) – 466 preprints

• Yes – geographic spread

• Yes – readership

• Unproven – publication rate


“Of all the papers whose abstracts I’ve

read (perhaps about 50), none has had

an online discussion with contributions

about scientific issues, even several

months after appearing on the CPS.

The online “discussion” is a complete

joke (you may cite me on this one...)”

Thomas Ederth, an author


“Mainly as a result of the ACS

interference, the CPS has not

developed into as valuable a resource

as I had hoped”

“…it is a pity that CPS has not become

better established in attracting many

more preprints. I presume the attitude of

the ACS still poses a major problem”


Prior Publication

• Won’t publish

– New England Journal of

Medicine

– Science

– ACS Publications

• Will publish

– RSC

– Nature

– Physical Review etc.


“You don’t get tenure at

Harvard by publishing in The

Internet Journal of Chemistry”

Steve Heller

Open Access in Chemistry

• Chem. Cent. J.

• J. Cheminf.

• Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

• ChemSpider

• Frontiers in Chemistry

• Chem. Sci.

• ACS Cent. Sci.

• …


“Web 2.0” (O’Reilly 2004)

• wikis

• blogs

• feeds

• podcasts

• webinars

• social networks

• social bookmarking

• virtual worlds


Peer Review


Peer Review: the “Journal

Cascade”


http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=fYHZfiQ3baTsbM&tbnid=MjHlr7mcPJNTkM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.tachlistalk.com/epi-demon-omics/3-cruising-for-a-national-economic-bruising/&ei=SmfaU_iACcLjOo7KgfAO&bvm=bv.72185853,d.ZGU&psig=AFQjCNFDEb2q0Ynj0Vs-slqqCe5zYSty6A&ust=1406908584733311

Peerage of Science

• One peer review process for multiple journals

• Ecology, and evolutionary and conservation

biology

• For profit, funded by publishers etc.

• Reviews themselves are peer-reviewed

• No journal editor in control of peer review

• 176 MSS, 381 peer reviews, 942 peer review

evaluations


Rubriq

• One peer review process for multiple

journals

• Independent, double-blind peer

review and MS submission

• Recommends suitable journal

• Score-card for reviews

• Reviewer is rewarded

• Author pays for R-score etc.


Axios Review

• Independent review service

• Founded 2012

• Getting going in 2014

• May 2014 BMC started 6-month trial

• Ecology and evolutionary biology

• Author aims at top choice journal and

plays safe with others


Peer Review Consortium

• eLife, BMC, PLoS and EMBO peer

review consortium

• Papers redirected with reviewer reports

• Reviewer anonymity to author

• Anonymity optional for journal cascade

editor


SciRev

• “Speeding up scientific knowledge”

• Authors rate journals on efficiency

• Authors seek efficient journal

• Editor can compare own journal with

competitors


“Mega-journals”

• PLoS ONE

• PeerJ

• eLife


eLife

• Arose from DORA (http://am.ascb.org/dora/)

• Opposed to Impact Factors

• Consolidated pre-publication peer review

• Free to read and publish

• Supported by HHMI, MaxPlanck, Wellcome

Trust

• 488 articles, 85 of them in biochemistry


PeerJ

• Peer-reviewed journal and preprints

• Cheap, lifetime accounts (pre-paid)

• Editor handles pre-publication peer review

• Biological and medical sciences

• Some reviews (~ 40%) are not anonymous

• Link to Publons

• 476 articles 433 preprints


Frontiers (1)

• Launched in 2007 by scientists from the Swiss

Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne

• Major investment by NPG

• Independent review and interactive review

• Open peer review

• Anonymity not allowed

• Evaluation system

– analytics automatically track down views and

downloads


Frontiers (2)

• 20,000 peer-reviewed articles in 45 community-driven

journals

• Largely medicine etc. but also chemistry, earth

science, ecology and evolution

• Five articles in medicinal chemistry, 13 in

theoretical/comp chem, 17 in biological chemistry, 9

in analytical chemistry

• Author pays

• Indexed in PMC (a few journals in WoS)

• Jobs postings

• Frontiers community


Data Repositories - figshare

• Repository for figures, datasets etc.

• Plus collaborative space

• Amazon Web Services

• Database seeded with OA publications

• Open API

• Business model

– charges for extra collaborative space

– supported by Digital Science


Social Networks

• Academia.edu

• ResearchGate

• Frontiers has community

• figshare has collaborative space


Academia.edu, ResearchGate

• Academia.edu 11 million researchers,

2,948,530 papers

• ResearchGate 4 million members

• Share papers

• See analytics

• Follow other people

• ResearchGate has job board


Centralized Commenting

Platforms

• Publons

• PubPeer

• Journal Lab

• PubMed Commons


Publons

• Collects peer review information from reviewers

and publishers

• Produces reviewer profiles with publisher-verified

peer reviews

• Pre- and post-publication peer review

• Alerts

• Author notified of comments

• Reviewers get credit (DOIs)

• 1,954 reviewers, 4,247 reviews

• Free to academics


PubPeer

• Post-publication peer review:

anonymous

• Comment on any scientific article with a

DOI, or arXiv preprint

• Centralized database for comments

• Author notified of comments

• Alerts


Journal Lab

• Open summaries and peer review of

PubMed papers

• Journal clubs and discussions

• Anonymity optional


Publishing Platforms and More

• Faculty of 1000

• ScienceOpen

• The Winnower – post-publication peer review etc.


Faculty of 1000

• F1000Prime literature filtering

• F1000Research (launched January

2013)

– journal and journal club

– post-publication peer review

– OA and open review

– 522 articles (361 of them indexed in PMC)

• F1000Posters


ScienceOpen (1) OA research and publishing network


ScienceOpen (2)

• Launched May 29, 2014

• Almost 1.3 million articles from PMC and

arXiv

– 2 million networked authors

• Sciences, humanities and social sciences

– all article types


ScienceOpen (3)

• Collaborative pre-publication

workspaces (requires no email)

– manage draft versions and share files

– easy collaboration on a paper

• Immediate publication with DOI

• Open post-publication peer review with

DOI

– article metrics powered by Altmetric


ScienceOpen (4)

• Automatic proofs, easy corrections

• Versioning

• User roles allocated by ORCID

publication history

• Public and private groups



Conclusions

• ChemWeb was ahead of its time

• If only…

• What can ScienceOpen learn from

the past?

• Chemistry is still “different”

Acknowledgments

• Bill Town

• Liz Allen

• Stephanie Dawson


Congratulations

to Engelbert

Zass!


CSA Trust Mike Lynch

Award 2011

GDCh CIC 2012

Gmelin Beilstein

Denkmünze ACS CINF

Herman Skolnik Award 2014