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Ways of AcquiringKnowledge and

Solving Problems

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Scientic MethodO Systematic process of empirical

investigation

O Key to unloc bodies of nowledgeO Organi!ed thoughts and procedures

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"#perimentum $rucisO Sir %saac &ewton ' (ather of Physics

O)heory of the composition of light

*+,,-.s

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)he Scientic MethodO Problem

O /ypothesis

O)esting0"#perimentationO Analysis of 1ata

O 1rawing of $onclusion

* (alse /ypothesis 2 modify

* )rue /ypothesis 2 repeat thee#periment

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+3 Statement of the

ProblemO $hoose a problem

O Knowledge on the chosen topic

O $ollect informationO What do you want to now4

"#ample3 /ow does fertili!er a5ect the

growth of plants4

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63 (ormulation of/ypothesis

OA wise guessO Statement that presents the possible solution tothe problem

O %t can be tested

O %t is based on nowledge and researcha78&ull hypothesis9/o8

*no relationship between the variable

b78Alternative hypothesis

*has a relationship between the variable

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:3 )esting /ypothesis and

;athering of 1ataO $onducting an e#periment

O Most important part of the scientic

methodO %t is done to answer the research

question or investigate a problem

O State a prediction

O

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: )ypes of "#perimentsO $ontrolled

O &atural

O (ield

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$ontrolled "#perimentO $ompares the results obtained from

an e#perimental sample against

control sample7O Alteration of the variable7

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>ariableO $haracteristic? number or quantity

that increases or decreases over

time or taes di5erent values indi5erent situations7

O $ontrolled? %ndependent and1ependent

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$ontrolled >ariableO $onstant

O 1o not receive any treatment

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%ndependent >ariableO (actors that you change or alter

during the e#periment7

O /as e5ect on other variable7

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1ependent >ariableO >alues that are observed

O @esponse to an independent variable

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&atural "#perimentO uasi*e#periment

O @ely solely on observations of

variables of the system under study7O 1oes not manipulate variable

O $ollects data that can a5ect thevariable

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(ield "#perimentO 1raw a contrast with laboratory

e#periments

O "#amines the real world using thescientic method

O Social sciences

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O $ontrolled group

*without variable being tested

"#perimental group*contains variable being tested

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B3 Analy!ing and Presenting

1ataO 1ata obtained from the e#periment

O A table can be used to present the

data

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C3 $reating $onclusionO $onclusion* results of the e#periment

and statement of how results match

up to the hypothesis7O)heory* scientically accepted fact7

O Scientic Daw* universally accepted7

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,3 @eporting of (indingsO Sharing of the results

O %mportant in perpetuating the gained

nowledge in conducting thescientic method