ORANGE LINE METRO TRAIN [OLMT] Aur Aap

06-01-16

OVERVIEW: LAHORE METRO KIA HAI? Kamil Khan Mumtaz: Architect /Urbanist; Nayyar Ali Dada: Architect; Yasmin Lari: Architect; Arif Hassan: Architect; Dr. Ajaz Anwar: Historian; Salima Hashmi: Educationist/Artist; FeryalGauhar: Social Scientist; I.A. Rahman: President HRCP Human Rights Commission of Pakistan; LCS, Lahore Conservation Society; JAP: Judicial Activism Panel; Husain Naqi, IAP: Institute Of Architects Pakistan; LBT (Lahore Bachao Tehreek); PCATP : The Pakistan Council Of Architects And Town Planners; UIA : Union Of International Architects; PELA : Pakistan Environmental Lawyers Association; HRCP : Human Rights Commission Pakistan; WWF: World Wide Fund For Nature Pakistan; PMA : The Pakistan Medical Association; OCCO : The Office Of Conservation And Community Outreach; PURC: Pakistan Urban Resource Center ; CCP : Concerned Citizens Of Pakistan ; Lok Sujhag; Subh-E-Nau; Shehri; Pakistan Sustainability Network; Chitrkar; Shirkatgah; Shajardost; Civic Forum; Simorgh; (CICF) The Cecil & Iris Chaudhry Foundation; (SAPPK) South Asia Partnership Pakistan. The Laltain

www.lahoremetroauraap .com FB: Lahore Metro Aur Aap

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Buses on grade will solve Lahore’s transport problems,. They can be supported by the revival of existing North South rails for commuter traffic. Underground trains using Tunnel Boring Machine can be an on going Long Term investment for the future

The current plan destroys Lahore. It destroys livelihoods , homes and communities, it destroys heritage, it destroys the environment and the economy

The current Orange Line Metro Train Project destroys the possibility of the integrated Lahore Mass Transport System as conceived in 2005-10

LAHORE METROLahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors:

GREEN LINE: 27km long Gajju Mattha to Shahdara In operation as the Lahore Metro Bus since 2013 on a Daily Subsidy of PKR4million. Built as an elevated Bus Viaduct, the Lahore Metro Green line was originally a North-South Rail line and had both underground and over-ground sections. Kalma Chowk Stop was to be an Interchange Station and was underground. Designed for train with 380,000 riders per day originally current bus estimated ridership ranges between 70,000 – 180,000 daily. on the Green Line. Making the system overhead, system is highly damaging for the environment and character of the city, greatly amplifying noise and compromising security for properties along the route.

Impact: Decreased Property Value, Loss to business, alienation of users from built landscape. Increased noise and hanging pollution.

LAHORE METRO: GREEN LINELahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors

LAHORE METROLahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors:

ORANGE LINE: 27.1km longAli Town to Dera Gujjran

Crossing Chauburji, Anarkali, GPO, Lakshmi Chowk, Railway Station, and Shalimar through Lahore’s most historic and densely populated areas. The Orange Line consists of 25.9km elevated viaduct with heights varying between 59’ – 26’ and a 1.7km long "Semi-Underground” section using Cut and Cover technology.

Impact: The cut and cover section of the OLMT destroy everything on the surface in its path and will cause the most impact on ground. Buildings both public and private will be directly impacted by the Orange Line. OLMT’s elevated track will look into properties compromising viability, security and value. 250,000 estimated daily ridership. Originally the OLMT was to connect with PAKISTAN RAILWAYS at Lahore Main Station.

LAHORE METRO: ORANGE LINELahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors

LAHORE METROLahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors:

PURPLE LINE: 19km long

Data Darbar to Ghazi Road

The Route includes Aitchison College, Mall of Lahore, & Fortress Stadium stops,

Impact: Expected cutting of trees on Mall road from the High Court to Mian Mir Bridge. compromised security at sensitive locations such as Corps Commanders Residence on Aziz Bhatti Road.

LAHORE METRO: PURPLE LINELahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors

LAHORE METROLahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors:

BLUE LINE: 24km long Chauburji to Eden Avenue

Affected sites include, Miani Sahib Graveyard, Lahore College, Kinnaird College, Services Hospital, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Siddique Trade Centre, Barkat Market.

Impact: Security concerns and viability of Hospitals and Colleges. Loss of vegetation. Loss of property value. Loss of foot traffic to existing businesses.

LAHORE METRO: BLUE LINELahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors:

Length: 27.1km SW – NE orientation 26 stations: 2 Underground 24 ElevatedAv. Distance Between Stations = 1.02km Max. Distance = 1.54km (Sultanpura – Railway Station) Min. Distance = 0.56km (Anarkali – Central) 19 hectares Rolling Stock Depot Dera Gujran 6.33 hectare Stabling Yard/ Control Centre/ Security Centre/ 2 High-Voltage Substations

LAHORE METRO: ORANGE LINEAT A GLANCE

OLMT: ROLLING STOCK DEPOT 19 hectares at Dera Gujjran

Image Courtesy: NORINCO Technical Proposal

OLMT: STABLING YARD, 6.33hectares at Ali Town 6.33 hectares at Ali TownOLMT: STABLING YARD

Image Courtesy: NORINCO Technical Proposal

OLMT TRACK: Height Profile

Elevated Double ‘U’ Concrete Viaduct 25’ wide, on 6’ wide Single Column Piers OLMT TRACK: SPECS

OLMT: ELEVATED STATIONS DESIGNAll elevated station dimensions W = 22.5m/ 73.81’ x L = 102m / 335’Total Building Area for elevated stations ranges from 4935sqm /53119sft for 10 stations from Chauburji – Ali Town to the largest at Lakshmi Chowk at 6060sqm/ 65,229sft

OLMT: ELEVATED STATIONS DESIGNThe max. height of these stations from the road to the apex of the curved roof will be 54’-9”/16.6m

OLMT: ANARKALI STATION

Cost Comparison with other Cities: Lahore Metro cost per Km = $61.9million. Jakarta MRT cost per Km = $7.5million. Financial Wastefulness: Transport studies conducted via JICA reportedly cost between $1Million and $1Billion.Two transport studies conducted: 2006-2008 Previous LRMTS Metro Proposal Vs. Current Metro Project: Used tunnel technology and elevated tracks to minimize physical impact on ground. Time line for completion for whole network (from 2005): 15-25 years. Timeline for completion Metro network = Unknown. Orange line estimated cost 2006 = $1.9bn Total Cost for Green, Orange, Purple and Blue Lines 2006 = $6billlion. Total Estimated Cost of Current Metro Project = Unknown. Completion Orange Line: 27 months.

OLMT: ANARKALI STATION

OLMT: CENTRAL STATION DESIGNCENTRAL STATION under Mall Rd. at GPO Chowk Total Building Area = 8370sqm/ 90,093sftUnderground Station.

SHALIMAR BAGH: EXISTING

SHALIMAR BAGH: ORANGE LINE

CHAUBURJI STATION: EXISTING

CHAUBURJI: EXISTING

CHAUBURJI: ORANGE LINE

GENERAL POST OFFICE: EXISTING

PROJECT COST OLMT = $1.75B CHINESE LOAN = $1.6B @3% per annum$1B + Interest rolling stock purchase goes back to China via NORINCO . GOP will receive $0.6B for civil works to be executed by LDA+NESPAK contractors. All payments will be made by the Chinese directly.

Interest on loan in the 1st year is PKR5.5B to be paid back in 20years. Estimated total cost of the OLMT is still unknown as several costs to deliver the project are not in the PC1.

COSTS NOT INCLUDED IN PROJECT PC 1

LAND ACQUISITION “990 Kanals” approx. as per project EIA (environmental impact assessment)

Media reports suggest a higher figure close to 1600 Kanals

ANARKALI: EXISTING

ANARKALI: ORANGE LINE

“Provided that no person shall enter into any building or upon any enclosed court or garden attached to a dwelling-house (unless with the consent of theoccupier thereof) without previously giving such occupier at least 7 days’notice in writing of his intention to do so previously giving such occupier at

least seven days’

notice in writing of his intention to do so.”Land Acquisition Act 1894.

Protests Around the City

Compensation Formulas for Land Acquisition are Far Below Market Rates.

‘They said the government had promised to pay them Rs 150,000 per marla, and now the government is insisting to give us only Rs.50,000 which is approximately 33% of the total amount.’ http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/punjab/22-Dec-2015/unjust-land-prices-harbanspura-residents-protest-against-omt

PUNJAB LAND ACQUISTION ACT, 1894 Article 23.

In determining the amount of compensation to be awarded for land acquired underthis Act, the Court shall take into consideration – first, the market-value of the land at the date of the publication of the notification….fourthly, the damage (if any) sustained by the person interested, at the time of the Collector’s taking possession of the land, by reason of the acquisition injuriously affecting his other property … in any… manner, or his earnings; fifthly, if, in consequence of the acquisition of land … (persons are) compelled to change residence or place of business, the Reasonableexpenses (if any) incidental to such change; and sixthly, the damage (if any) bona fideresulting from diminution of the profits of the land between the time of the publication of the declaration under section 6 and the time of the Collector’sTaking possession of the land. In addition to the market-value of the land as above provided, the Court shall award a sum of 15% on market-value, in considerationof the compulsory nature of the acquisition, if the acquisition has been made for a public purpose and a sum of 25%on such market-value if the acquisition has been made for a Company.

Relocation costs of all public services, new land/new builds/ refurbishment/additional construction of those that are partly acquired. Permanent loss to services in catchment areas. For example the Institute for Disabled Children. Serves 250 families in Anarkali/Jain Mandir area. Other examples of unaccounted costs include costs for repairs, relocation etc. of public schools, clinics, police and fire stations, railway infrastructures, amenity plots, post offices, footpaths etc.

RELOCATION COSTS

ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE REQUIRING MITIGATION MEASURES (from EIA Report) Disruption in daily routine/ activities of locals and visitorsStructural Stability in the patch where cut and cover will be done.Solid waste generation and due management during construction and operation; Accidental leaks/spills of hazardous chemicals from construction activities & machineryContamination of Ground water by construction activities; and Relocation of Public Utilities (water, gas, power lines etc.) Construction of tunnel will affect Archeological/cultural sites duringConstruction

Health and safety issues of workers & commuters. 27 civilians have been killed by the movement of heavy machinery for the Orange Line since the project began in Oct 2015

• OLMT EIA states total environmental cost at Rs. 18,512,150. This includes Rs. 576,000 for environmental monitoring, Rs.16,936,150 for Tree Plantation and Rs. 100,000 environmental training cost.

• No money is allocated for actual mitigation measures during construction.

Disturbance to public movement during construction

Air + Noise Pollution due to the operating of construction machinery during gestation phase of the project.

Permanent Subsidy

(http://www. Brecorder.com/br-research/44:miscellaneous/4530:is-

orange-line-worth-the-cost/.

Permanent Subsidy. Green Line PKR 4 million/day (GOPb). Per annum thesubsidy alone is $0.14 billion. To date the subsidy has been $0.28B and is to last for 50years.

Permanent (estimated) Subsidy on OLMT PKR171/passenger is the break even cost of a trip/passenger each fare kept at Rs. 20. The subsidy will be Rs 151 per trip. Net subsidy on fares for the OLMT will be $1.38B/year

PERMANENT ENVIRONMENTAL & HEALTH IMPACT:

Urban Heat Island Effect from tarmacization and removal of green spaces. Plus choice of viaduct technology will have the following effects. The elevated viaducts act as heater tubes and also concentrate pollutants and increase the life of diseases.Temperature rise in the city.

Increased illness as well as heat related death. Secondary effect on increased energy requirements and health relatedcosts in Lahore.

3653 trees will be cut. Including 2907 mature trees ( GOPb figures from EIAreport)

Impact on Heritage

PC1 does not include cost of damage prevention to building stock 400 years old & younger

Loss of future revenue in tourism in Billions of $Istanbul, paris, delhi & other cities have preserved their heritage

Government College from outdie

from inside Government College

Shalimar Gardens circa 1642. Protected under UNESCO World Heritage Convention 1972, National Antiquities Act 1975

Projected View of Elevated Track from inside the garden

Impact: Obstructed view, reduced access. Compromised environment in the garden, with garish views of the concrete viaduct. Remains Shalamar Hydraulic Works will also be concrete pylons with the viaduct wrapping itself around the remains of the monument. Elevated viaduct section

Chauburji circa 1646 Protected under: National Antiquities Act 1975

Projected impaired views of the monument from the road

Impact: Endangered by Project during construction phase as well as further traffic & noise stresses post construction. Possible Structural Damage compromised views, limited access.Elevated viaduct section.

Gulabi Bagh, Dai Anga’s Tomb, Saruwala Maqbara integrated site: Built between 1655 - 18th century these sites make up a continuous heritage property. Protected under Antiquities Act 1975. Impact: obstructed views, reduced access, possible structural damage due to vibration and extreme proximity. Elevated Viaduct Section.

Buddhu ka Awa: Built 17th Century, protected under Antiquities Act 1975. Impact: Possible structural damage due to vibrations. Less than 30' away from the elevated track. Obstructed view, restricted access. Elevated viaduct section

JANI KHAN'S TOMB: Built 1748, protected under Antiquities Act 1975. Impact: Restricted Access, Obstructed view, elevated viaduct section. MAHABAT KHAN'S GARDEN: Built in late 16th or early 17th Century, protected under Antiquities Act 1975. Impact: Restricted access, obstructed view elevated viaduct section.ZEBUNNISA'S TOMB: Built in 1669, protected under Antiquities Act 1975. Impact: Further obstructed view, compromised vistas, reduced access. Elevated viaduct section. SHAH CHIRAGH: Mughal era shrine and mosque, built 1627. Protected under Antiquities Act 1975. Impact: Damage due to vibrations in gestation period. Further impact un-assessed but within 200' of underground Central Station.MOMINPURA GRAVEYARD: Pre-Mughal graveyard of specific importance to Lahore's Shia community. Impact: Losing area/graves, compromised security and privacy, visual impairment, added noise. Elevated Viaduct Section. After protests the government has recently provided verbal reassurances to the Shia Community that the graveyard will not be touched. NAULAKHA PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH: Built 1853, Punjab Special Premises, 1985. Impact: Losing front wall and trees, compromised viability due to proximity of elevated track. CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION: Built 1887, unique "Early English“ architectural style buildings commissioned by the British. Impact: Land being taken by Project Pumping Station.LAHORE HIGH COURT: Built 1889, protected under Punjab Special Premises Preservation Ordinance 1985. Impact: Losing front parking lot due to underground Central Station and permanent exit/entry and ventilation structures. Cut and Cover Section

Lakshmi Mansions: Built 1935, Punjab SpecialPremises Preservation Ordinance 1985DELHI MILESTONE ON MCLEOD ROAD: Punjab Special Premises Preservation Ordinance 1985. Impact: Recently removed or destroyed Kapurthala House, Anarkali: To be demolished for Anarkali interchange station. Impact: Destruction of the Art Deco Kapurthala estate. Loss of an underprivileged community living here since decades in some cases since and prior to Partition. AIWAN-E-AUQAF: Built in the 19th Century. Impact:Uncertain, but in very close proximity to the Central underground station. AIWAN-E-AUQAF BAGH: Being demolished to makeway for Central Station. SUPREME COURT BUILDING LAHORE: Punjab Special Premises Preservation Ordinance, 1985. Impact: Uncertain, but Cut and Cover section of ProjectAlignment abuts next to it.

25 properties include sites protected under the National Antiquities Act 1975 and/or The Punjab Special Premises (Preservation) Ordinance 1985 which state that no new construction can happen within 200ft of a listed site. At Shalimar Bagh the World Heritage Convention 1972 mandates a 250’ distance. The OLMT alignment from Chauburji to Shalimar passes through the most historic areas of the city oblivious to the specified distance on these locations. Key heritage sites being affected are listed as:

Circa 1849. Protected under Punjab Special Premises Preservation Ordinance 1985.

GPO circa 1849. Nabha Road Veranda being cut where marked. Front Garden being taken.

Distance from Existing Building

19.9 m

Bui

ldin

g Li

ne o

f Su

prem

e C

ourt

Boundary Wall of Supreme

Court

6.0 m

Building Line of

GPO

Distance from Existing Building

10.2 m

20.5 m

Boundary Wall of GPO1.6 m

2.3 m

Pile Wall

Base Slab

Top Slab

St Andrew’s Presbytarian Church

Nabah Rd Circa 1860S

Baba Mauj Darya: Built in 1591 by Emperor Akbar, and the saint interred in 1604 is an active religious site. Protected under Antiquities Act 1975.

ANARKALI STATION

Impact: Shrine being cut in half as per NESPAK plans. After recent protests the GOPb has given verbal reassurances that the shrine/grave itself will not be touched. Mauj Darya Mosque: A part of the Shrine Complex, this mosque is being demolished then being “rebuilt”. GOPb in a public meeting declared it as “Protected antiquities list. Impact: being demolished and rebuilt. Cut and Cover Section

Revisited Area to minimize the Construction Influence on S/C Building

Chauburji

G.P.O Chowk

Central Station

Original Influence ZoneRevised Influence Zone

PROJECT VIABILITY.

According to the PC 1 for the Orange Line economic viability of the project is based on ridership, reduction in vehicle use/petrol consumption and time saved of the riders. Plus job creation.

Govt estimates, Orange Line. Projected ridership 250,000 passengers /day + Green Metro Bus Line 170,000 passengers/day + Purple Line x passengers per /day + Blue Line x passengers/day

Total population of Lahore = 11 million% of the population of Lahore served by the Orange Line + Green Line = 3.8%% of the population Lahore served by the Orange Line= 2.2%% of the population of the Punjab served by the Orange Line plus Green Line = 0.4 %% of the population of the Punjab served by the Orange Line = 0.2 %

REDUCTION IN VEHICLE DEPENDENCY & FUEL : Considering the Green Line as a test case for the efficiency of the Metro System:

Most bus commuters use another form of transport to get to and from thebus stations. This has not resulted in lesser traffic on Ferozepur Road. Metro Bus Authority in assessing its “success” only factors in users of the bus system. Reconstruction of the Ferozepur road traffic flow system by the same agencies/contractors undertaking the Orange Line road work has led to increased distances between nodes and generated traffic jams and bottle necks. This in turn translates into longer engine running hours, more fuel consumption and more pollution.

The Metro System once built will not service the majority of city dwellers. After 2yrs. Green line of being in use the corridor has not led to accelerated development on or better services on the transit corridor.

Job Creation via OLMT? • Job creation through the transit corridor’s construction is temporary and

non-renewable. Post construction , jobs created to meet operating system requirements, station maintenance and manning of station shops is a small percentage of total jobs lost due to displacement of homes, businesses etc.

• Removal of existing shops, businesses, hawkers will lead to GDP losses to and harm the urban poor more so. In high population, poor areas from Chauburji –Shalimar, the damage to both social and economic networks may be irreversible.

• Removal of existing public transport jobs from roads wagons etc . 250 wagons have been reportedly removed from the Ferozepur road route

• Loss of remaining property value along elevated route

Property Value & Urban Renewal?

Energy Consumption: The train will run on the existing energy grid of Lahore.

Power supply system High Voltage Substation For the whole line, two high voltage substations are designed, which are located nearby U.E.T Station and Shahnoor Station. Each high voltage substation is connected to 132kV power supply from the upstream local substation Dedicated power supply of around 80 MW capacity has to be derived from existing grid station system of LESCO. Theelectricity management plan during construction will be givenby LESCO at the time of relocation of concerned poles inrespective areas. http://epd.punjab.gov.pk/system/files/Section-3-Project%20Description.pdf

LOAD SHEDDING IN LAHORE: 6-12 HOURS/DAY Pakistan has been facing substantial shortages in the power sector and the province of Punjab is no exception. In Punjab, at present, there is a demand-supply gap of about 4000 MW which is increasing at a rate of 6% per annum. Punjab with 68% of the consumption of generated power and gas is worst affected and has to endure both power and gas load shedding with adverse social and economic consequences.

http://energy.punjab.gov.pk/

Security, Privacy & OLMT:• 25.4 km of the track is elevated at a height of a 2.5-6 story building.

The track is at points very close to buildings on either side • 250,000 passengers will be able to see into 100,000s of homes• Current Security measures will be rendered ineffective.• Churches, mosques, schools, hospitals and public buildings will be

vulnerable to terrorist attack

Lahore Metro Cost/km = $61.9million (2015-17)

Source: Transport Development in Asian Megacities, Shigeru Morichi, Surya Raj Acharya editors, Springer Books, 2013)

Rio de Janeiro Metro Cost/ Km = $31.1 million (2015)

THE LARGER QUESTION: WATER + SANITATION/ EDUCATION VS. ALLOCATED FUNDING FOR TRANSPORT & ROADS + TRANSPORT SUBSIDIES 2015-16

PUNJAB'S DEVELOPMENT BUDGET FOR 2015-16: Education $0.55B including School Education, Higher Education, Special Education, Literacy, Sports and Youth Affairs.

Water Supply and Sanitation- Punjab development budget for 2015-2016 is $0.24B25.6% of Pakistan has access to clean drinking water.

113/124: Pakistan’s current standing on the Human Capital Index due to poor performance on educational outcomes. (Human Capital Report 2015, World Economic Forum) Development budget for Roads and Transport (not including most Orange train related costs) is $0.92B this year alone.

THE LARGER QUESTION:

WATER + SANITATION + EDUCATION + HEALTH + LABOR + AGRICULTURE + LIVESTOCK + INDUSTRY

VS.

TRANSPORT & ROADS + BUILDINGS+ TRANSPORT SUBSIDIES

Educa-tion;

55.564Health & Family Plan-ning;

30.725

Water Supply & Sanita-tion; 24

Agricul-ture ;

10.725Live-

stock; 5.065

Indus-tries; 7.33Labor & HR; 0.61

Roads, Public

Building & Urban Devel-

opment; 95.106

Transport; 28.03

Orange Metro Line Loan; 166.4

Punjab Developmet Plan 2015-16 (Rs Billions)

Financial Wastefulness: Two Transport studies conducted by JICA reportedly cost between $9M and $1B between 2006-2008 Previous LRMTS Metro Proposal Vs. Current Metro Project: Used tunnel technology and elevated tracks to minimize physical impact on ground. Time line for completion for whole network (from 2005): 15-25 years. Timeline for completion Metro network = Unknown. Orange line estimated cost 2006 = $1.75bn + Total Cost for Green, Orange, Purple + Blue Lines 2006 = $6billlion. Total Estimated Cost of Current Metro Project = Unknown

NORINCO Technical Proposal forms the basis for the OLMT Project. Not the JICA study.

LACK OF INDEPENDENT OVERSIGHTPublic Hearing in June 2015. Concerns were raised about land acquisition, the threat to heritage sites and the environment, none were sufficiently addressed. Not disclosed. The exact route, exact land to be acquired, detailed plans, the EIA report. 3 sections of the EIA were placed on line by the GOPb only

The LDA, TEPA, P and D dept , NESPAK, the Lahore Commissioner, and the current DG archaeology have been asked for information/public documents in writing no information has been forthcoming

The EIA was prepared by NESPAK, the same company hired as consultants to monitor the build. The PC1 was also prepared by NESPAK. Checked and Approved by General Manager Operations, Punjab Metrobus Authority. Approved by Housing, Urban Development & Public Health Engineering Department (HUD & PHED)-

DDEMANDS: STOP CONSTRUCTION IMMEDIATELY, CONDUCT A FULL PUBLIC REVIEW OF THE PROJECT

CONSULT STAKEHOLDERS ESPECIALLY THOSE DIRECTLY AFFECTED.

PROCEED IN A MORE DEMOCRATIC, INFORMED AND LAWFUL MANNER

Increase buses on grade on existing roads, establish bus lanes, cycle lanes. High taxation on private cars will relieve traffic and pollutionRevitalize and refurbish the existing North South alignment Railway Tracks. Use the existing tracks for commuter traffic. These cover much of the route of the Orange and Purple Lines

Widen pavements not roads

For long term planning (next 25-100 years), use Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) with specific focus on heritage and human costs with regards to station exit entry positions. TBM spread over decades will not put a huge pressure on the economy as this is doing. London Underground started being built in the 19th century, it is still being built.

VIABLE ALTERNATIVES