What is the WWW?What is the WWW?

By J. Richard StevensBy J. Richard Stevens

TopicsTopics

• Brief history of the Internet and WWW• Terminology• Protocols and Addressing• How publishing works

• Brief history of the Internet and WWW• Terminology• Protocols and Addressing• How publishing works

History of the Internet/WWWHistory of the

Internet/WWW• 1958 - Advanced Research Projects Agency

established within the Department of Defense (Internet Pioneers)

• 1969 - First node to node transmission from UCLA to Stanford - also first crash (IMP Photo)

• 1971 - 15 nodes on Internet

• 1958 - Advanced Research Projects Agency established within the Department of Defense (Internet Pioneers)

• 1969 - First node to node transmission from UCLA to Stanford - also first crash (IMP Photo)

• 1971 - 15 nodes on Internet

History of the Internet/WWWHistory of the

Internet/WWW• 1982 - ARPA establishes the Transmission

Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP)

• 1984 - Domain name system introduced, number of Internet hosts 1000.

• 1985 - The WELL, first major online community was opened

• 1982 - ARPA establishes the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP)

• 1984 - Domain name system introduced, number of Internet hosts 1000.

• 1985 - The WELL, first major online community was opened

History of the Internet/WWWHistory of the

Internet/WWW• 1987 - number of hosts = 10,000

• 1989 - First commercial electronic mail through Internet (MCI and Compuserve) number of hosts = 100,000

• 1991 - World-Wide Web (WWW) released by CERN; Tim Berners-Lee

• 1987 - number of hosts = 10,000

• 1989 - First commercial electronic mail through Internet (MCI and Compuserve) number of hosts = 100,000

• 1991 - World-Wide Web (WWW) released by CERN; Tim Berners-Lee

History of the Internet/WWWHistory of the

Internet/WWW• 1992 - number of hosts exceeds 1,000,000

• 1993 - Mosaic browser is introduced, becomes Netscape in 1994, Bill Gates’ “prophetic wisdom”

• August 1995 - Netscape IPO price $28, opening price $71

• 1992 - number of hosts exceeds 1,000,000

• 1993 - Mosaic browser is introduced, becomes Netscape in 1994, Bill Gates’ “prophetic wisdom”

• August 1995 - Netscape IPO price $28, opening price $71

History of the Internet/WWWHistory of the

Internet/WWW• 1997 - Bill Gates famous "Internet Tidal Wave"

speech

• 1998 - DOJ files antitrust suit against Microsoft (U.S. vs. Microsoft)

• 1999 - AOL purchases Netscape; 2001 - AOL purchases Time Warner

• 1997 - Bill Gates famous "Internet Tidal Wave" speech

• 1998 - DOJ files antitrust suit against Microsoft (U.S. vs. Microsoft)

• 1999 - AOL purchases Netscape; 2001 - AOL purchases Time Warner

History of the Internet/WWWHistory of the

Internet/WWW• Today over 170 million American adults

use the Internet, 74% of the adult population (75/73% gender gap); over 600 million worldwide; several hundred million Web sites. (Pew Internet and American Life Project)

• Today over 170 million American adults use the Internet, 74% of the adult population (75/73% gender gap); over 600 million worldwide; several hundred million Web sites. (Pew Internet and American Life Project)

What is the Internet/WWW?

What is the Internet/WWW?

• Internet - computers hosting the TCP/IP protocol

• World-Wide Web - A visual protocol combining hyperlinking with the TCP/IP protocol• http• HTML• URL

• Internet - computers hosting the TCP/IP protocol

• World-Wide Web - A visual protocol combining hyperlinking with the TCP/IP protocol• http• HTML• URL

Breaking Down URLsBreaking Down URLs

1. Protocol• http, ftp, telnet, news, mailto

2. Name or Address of server• .com, .edu, .org, .gov, .mil, .biz, .tv• IP addresses

3. File navigation

1. Protocol• http, ftp, telnet, news, mailto

2. Name or Address of server• .com, .edu, .org, .gov, .mil, .biz, .tv• IP addresses

3. File navigation

WWW supported file types

WWW supported file types

• Hypertext Markup Language .html• Joint Photographic Interchange Format .jpg• Graphics Interchange Format .gif• Portable Document Format .pdf• Rich Text Format .rtf• ASCII text .txt• Real Audio files .ram, .rm• Shockwave/Flash .swf, .flv• Quicktime .mov• Moving Pictures Experts Group .mpg, .mpeg, .mp3, .mp4

• Hypertext Markup Language .html• Joint Photographic Interchange Format .jpg• Graphics Interchange Format .gif• Portable Document Format .pdf• Rich Text Format .rtf• ASCII text .txt• Real Audio files .ram, .rm• Shockwave/Flash .swf, .flv• Quicktime .mov• Moving Pictures Experts Group .mpg, .mpeg, .mp3, .mp4

HTML StandardsHTML Standards

• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)—develops and maintains standards

• W3C adds, deletes or modifies HTML commands—called “tags”

• XHTML—the future of HTML

• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)—develops and maintains standards

• W3C adds, deletes or modifies HTML commands—called “tags”

• XHTML—the future of HTML

How WWW publishing works

How WWW publishing works