wlk presentation final3

WLK Remote Sensing Imagery

Remote Sensing Imagery

North Korean Drought: Assistance to the UN Through Remote Sensing Imagery

12th January 2007


Agenda

•Corporate Background•Team Composition•Present Situation : What is happening Now•WLK Solution: Remote Sensing Solution•GIS Introduction•Project Timeline and Cost •Legal Issue


Corporate BackgroundWLK, Remote Sensing Researchand Consulting Inc

•Founded in January 1984 by Dr. Kim Kamkum •Main Business research studies, Image consulting and Rapid Remote Sensing Data Analysis services

•Relationship with the Universities of Korea and Seoul, FEMA and NOAA, and in the frame of Disaster Management research projects.


Key PersonnelPresident/CEO Park Ji-sung

박지성

Park has over 22 years of experience in executive management, business development, and sales within the technology industry. He has demonstrated success in all aspects of early-stage company growth, including strategic planning, team building, partnership development and fundraising. He has a BSEE degree from the University of California at Berkeley.

Security



Team Structure


Key PersonnelProject ManagerSong Hye-Gyo

송혜교

For the past five years, Song has led the development of the WLK service. Song is an expert in designing and developing applications for distributed computing environments, large-scale project management, Remote Sensing technique and the utilization of location technologies. Over a 10 Years career, Song has provided expertise and/or developed software products for a variety of organizations including: General Dynamics Corporation, Honeywell Corporation,, The University of California, and the Government of Korea.

Security


Corporate Structure:

Park Ji-SungPreisdent

Laure-Helene MillhomeVice President ( Legal )

Jean-Sebastian HuttVice President ( Business

Developemnt

Xavier Lopez AlabartVice President (Finance)

Poyan IbrahimAccountant

Song Hye GyoUN North Korea Project Manager

UN Client

Alexandre FrechetteUN Senegal Project

Manager

Scott MoonImage Processing

Specialist

David T.HaslamImage Processing

Specialist

William WidjajaAgriculture Specialist

Dag EvensbertImage Processing

Specialist


Team Composition:United Nation North Korea Project

Song Hye GyoUN North Korea Project Manager

Scott MoonImage Processing

Specialist

David T.HaslamImage Processing

Specialist

William WidjajaAgriculture Specialist

Dag EvensbertImage Processing

Specialist

Nabila El HamidUN Liaison Officer


Task Assignment

•Deadlines•Task delegation

•ImageProcurement•Client Contacts

Project Manager

Agriculture Specialist

•Creation of interpretation models

•Creation of maps

•Extraction of Information

•Creation of Interpreted maps

Image Processing Specialist


Resources

Based on a project timeline of 4-5 weeks

Personnel: 1 Project Manager, 50% time commitment

4 Image Analysts, 40% time commitment

1 United Nations Liaison


Resources (2)Hardware/Facilities:>5 Personal Workstations with

large dual monitors to facilitate image visualization

>Server cluster for resource sharing and high load processing, associated equipment

>Offices, Server HousingSoftware:>Windows XP Operating System>ERDAS IMAGINE 8.7 Image

manipulation software>ArcView Geographic Information

System software


Resources (3)

Data:>Data Sources:

– METEOSAT: for weather and growing condition prediction

– Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images

– Visual Imagery Data (LANDSAT?)


WLK Services

•Deliver satellite images with additional information pertaining to crop growth and inventory, distribution infrastructure, population distribution, urbanization, and relief sustainability•Image interpretation training•Catalogue focus areas for the relief effort



Present Situation


drought, impact on corn (clearly visible)

normal weather (corn in good condition)

North Korean Drought


Food situation in North Korea• Serious problems of Famine in North Korea • Most destructive famine of 1990s : 3 to 5% of the population

killed• Some of the reasons:

>Unfavorable climate and natural hazards including droughts and flooding which destroy crops.

>Political isolation on the international scene.>Unfavorable agricultural situation.


North Korea’s Agriculture

North Korea’s main agriculture product include:> Rice (~30%)> Corn> Potatoes> Soybeans> Beans> Cattle> Pork> Eggs

Climate, elevation, and soil conditions are not particularly favorable for farming

About 18% of the total landmass (approximately 2.2 million hectares) is arable


Farming concentration in the flatlands of the four west coast provinces:• Longer growing season• level land• adequate rainfall• good, irrigated soil


The UN food aid to North The UN food aid to North KoreaKorea• Bilateral assistance

• Main organisms: FAO and WFP• Average assistance of WFP over the past 10 years: 1,7B$ and 6,5 million people/year.


UN NeedsShort team needs> Evaluate the severity of the drought> Determine the water reserves> Determine the crops state> Forecast the global food production

– To know how much need will need to bring Food and Water

> Track of the need bring– Logistics monitoring and optimization• GPS + roadmap , amount and intermediates

Long term needs> Improve the food need balance> Determine the crops efficiency

– Best characteristics, rain, region, etc> Continuous crop growing

– To Anticipated to problems



Remote Sensing Solution


General Solution•Water>State>Precipitation>Soil moisture

•Crop >State (Current crop level, Drought severity map)>Forecasting (Expected crop yield)

•Integration into Geographical Information System>Map data from other systems ( Eg. Population,

topographic, etc )•Train to use system and maps interpretation>GIS introduction course


Our Solution in detailParameter Description Uses

Current Precipitation vs. Past Precipitation

(Drought Classification)

Map compiled from the estimation from the clouds durations and historical data

Severity of drought and drought area classification

Crop Classification

Crop classification based on the spectrum trace of the different species and health

Type of crops that are affected

Drought indexThorough evaluation of

drought severity by region

Crop grown index State of affected crops

Population distributionPopulation sectors in

need

Distribution Infrastructure

Logistic planning aid

Historic Trend Information

Sustainability of aid programme

Crop ForecastingLong term planning and

sustainability tool


Precipitation Data

• Map compiled from the estimation from the clouds durations and historical data

• Severity of drought and drought area classification

• Meteosat (Eumesat)• 2 days after data

reception


Planning Data & ScheduleParameter Sources Delivered

Current Precipitation vs. Past Precipitation

(Drought Classification)Meteosat (Eumesat)

2 days after data reception

Crop Classification

Radat Satellites ( Radarsat, Meris,

Merin, ) and Vegetation sensor

2 days after data reception

Drought index1 week after data

reception

Crop grown index1 week after data

reception

Population distribution1 week after data

reception

Distribution Infrastructure

1 week after data reception

Historic Trend Information

4 weeks after data reception

Crop Forecasting4 weeks after data

reception


What is GIS ?An Example:Weather OverlayRadarsat Over TimeInfrastructureDigital Elevation ModelLandsat BaseSPOT 5 Geo-LinkKOMPSAT-2

LAYERMODEL


Weather Overlay

Radarsat Over TimeInfrastructureDigital Elevation ModelTopographicLandsat BaseSPOT 5 Geo-LinkKOMPSAT-2

LAYERMODEL


Landsat Base Image


Digital Elevation Model


Infrastructure Links


Topographic Overlay


North Korean Agriculture


North Korean Rice


North Korean Corn Production



Legal Issues


Legal Aspects (1)

Legal Environment>UN Principles of Remote Sensing (RS) are applicable

to WLK–Freedom of RS: right to carry out a RS activity

over North Korea –Exception: North Korea invokes

National/International Security–Non-discriminatory principle: North Korea shall

have access to the information at a reasonable cost

>Respect of other regulations (OST, Human Rights…)


Legal Aspects (2)Intellectual Property

>Protection of databases by copyright ©

Contractual arrangement with UN>Conditions and provisions of products &

services>Payment>Protection of information>Breach of contract>Liability>Conflict & arbitration


Risk Management

Risks Mitigation

Deterioration of political relations between North Korea and UN and subsequent interruption or cancellation of aid programme

Reinforce the conditions of the contractCancellation clause in contractCompensation for breach of contract

Denial of access to some parts of North Korea for food distribution

UN Negotiation with North Korea



Conclusion



Additional Slides


RADARSAT

Sun-Synchronous dawn-dusk 18:00>24/7/3 days repeat cycle>Global coverage 4,5 days>Might be complex in drought conditions>“Standard beam mode is fine for crop assessment”

– Shallow incidence crop monitoring– Steep soil moisture– Beam mode several times smaller than

agricultural fields!!– Dawn orbit best to reduce rain effects

(evaporation)


North Korea Topography DataNorth Korea Area: 120,540 km

>Arable: 18 % 22 000 km2>We want MAP IMAGE PROCESSING(?)>Emergency programming 3 days before

–Priority programming mode suitable–Express 7-14 days before

>Prosessing–48 hours 500/scene–2 weeks free

>Provide map of area


Landsat

Scene size ~170x170 kmRevisit time 18 daysETM+ band 4,5,7 combined with 1,2 or 3

for vegetation healthPath/Row data pattern~11 regions in DPRKScheduling done by US


Risks

Programming conflict>Pay for priority data>Can cause delay

Cloud cover>Can delay visual data acquisition>Can cause spotty visual coverage of

area of interest


Key Situation

•Drought in 95-96 decline in agriculture base ( Unable to meet population basic food needs .

•Unsustainable land use such as large scale-deforestation and farming on sloping land leads to soil erosion and decrease in agriculture productivity


Key Situation (2)

•Transportation, mining and agriculture decline .•Coal production and electricity is lower than 80s •Difficulties in maintaining public infrastructures such as roads , electricity and water and sanitation facilities. •Agriculture sector is lacking of quality seeds, fertilizer and fuel .


Key Situation (3)

•Urban workers little income•Agriculture lean there is a poor attendance in educational institution in towns . •PDS was revived in 2005 however logistical and administrative constraint •Shortages and household food insecurity continues


Food Security Issue

•Farmers have more food security than non-farmers •People in the rural areas have more food than the towns•Food gap exists •Estimate vulnerable groups will face food shortage


Objective of WFP Assistance

Support Government effort for long-term food security and sustainable live hoods and community based initiative and food for community development (FFCD)

Government long-term strategy Local food Production ( LFP )

Logistic support for PDS

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