1

PETE 411

Well Drilling

Lesson 29

Cementing

2

Cementing

Cementing Processes• Casing• Liner• Squeeze• Plug

Density of Mixtures Cementing Equipment

3

Read:

Applied Drilling Engineering, Ch. 3

HW #15 - Well Control – W&Wdue 11-18-02

4

Cement is used in Drilling Operations to...

Support and protect the casing Prevent the movement of fluid through the annular space outside the casing Stop the movement of fluid into vugular or fractured formations Close an abandoned well or a portion of a well Sidetracking

5

Types of Cementing Processes

I. Primary Cementing

1. Full String

2. Liners

3. Large Pipe (lesson 31)

4. Stage (lesson 31)

A. Survey and perforate

B. Stage collars

6

Primary Cementing

Full String Cementing

Steel Casing

Borehole

Cement

Steel Liner

Liner Cementing

7

Types of Cementing Processes

II. Squeeze Cementing

1. Shoe

2. Casing (up-hole)

3. Open-hole (lost-circulation)

8

NEW SLURRY

9

Types of Cementing Processes

III. Plugging

1. Open-hole plug back

A. Fishing Operations

B. Abandonment

2. Casing

10

11

Types of Cementing Processes

IV. Special Techniques

1. Land

2. Off-shore

12

Mixing Cement(basis is 1 sk. of cmt.)

The density-volume formula:

Slurry Yield (volume of mixture/sk):

mixnbcw WW...WWW

sk

cu.ft.

48.7

v

sk

galvv...vvv mix

mixnbcw

mixmixnnbnwcww vv...vvv

13

Rotary Drilling Cementing(basis is 1 sk of cmt.)

Density of Each Component in Slurry:

e.g. Density of Barite =

Specific Gravity of Barite * Density of Water

lb/gal 33.8*23.4b

lb/gal 35.2b

14

Rotary Drilling Cementing(basis is 1 sk. of cmt.)

mix

mixmix

ii

iii

mix

Density of Cement Slurry:

volume

mass

15

16

17

18

Wiper Plugs

Wiper plugs are equipped with rubber-cupped fins which wipe mud from the walls of the casing ahead of the cement and clean the walls of casing behind the slurry.

Examples of wiper plugs are shown in the next slide. The top plug also serves as a means of determining when the cement is in place.

19

20

Mud film thickness Feet of fill per 1000’

5 1/2” 7”

1/16” 1.6mm 50.6 40

1/32” 0.8mm 25.5 20

1/64” 0.4mm 12.6 10

21

22

23

24

25

26

Cementing

AfterCementing(check)

27