20.) physical (optics copper and power)

L1 - Optics, Copper and Power…

L1 Networking

(Wavelengths)

Medium

PhysicalLayer Repeater

Medium

Physical Layer

Ethernet Optical Modules

XENPAKXPAKX2

300 Pin MSA100G

10G

1G

40G

100GbE

40GbE

Data

Rat

e an

d Lin

e Ra

te (b

/s)

Key:Ethernet Standard ReleasedModule Form Factor Released

GbE

CFP

QSFP+

SFPGBIC

10GbE

SFP+

XFP

CFP2

QSFP28

CFP4

CXP

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Standard Completed

Basics of PhotonicsSingle mode only one signal can be

transmitted use of single frequency

Multi mode Several signals can be

transmitted Several frequencies used

to modulate the signal

Losses in optical fibers Attenuation loss Dispersion loss Waveguide loss

Losses in optical fibers To connect to fibers

mechanically or by fusion Lot of signal loss possible Very accurate alignment

necessary Most important cost factor Now being replaced by optical

amplifiers

Optical Receivers Must be very sensitive Capable of picking up and

amplifying signals of nanowatts Photodiodes and

phototransistors These devices get ‘turned ON’

by light Produce photocurrent

Multi-Mode vs. Single-mode Basics

ElectricalConnector Electrical

Connector

TransceiverTransceiver

Fiber Optic Cable

Transmit& Receive

Transmit& Receive

OpticalPort Optical

Port

Optical Transmitter - a device that converts electrical signal into optical signalLasers or LEDS

Fiber Connector Type

Low and High-speed Channels in Medium

Channel 1

Channel 2

One cable with a bandwidth of 220 MHz.

50 Mhz

150 Mhz

5 Mhz

5 Mhz

10 Mhz

Guard Bands

1G SFP - Data Link Using Multiple Switches

10/100/1000 BASE-T

SX LX ZX BX FX100/ LX1000

LX100

Media type Copper MMF SMF SMF SMF SMF/MMF SMF

Connector type

RJ-45 LC LC LC LC LC LC

Distance range

up to 100m (Cat 5)

up to 550m up to 10km up to 80km up to 10km up to 2km/10km

up to 100km

OriginalSignal

ReceivedSignal

ReceivedSignal

ReceivedSignalRegenerated

Signal RegeneratedSignal

UTP UTP62.5/125Multimode Fiber

100BASE-TX(100 m maximum)

Physical Link

100BASE-TX(100 m maximum)

Physical Link

1000BASE-SX(220 m maximum)

Physical Link

Each trunk line along the way has a distance limit

Fiber PhysicalLayer

Standards

Medium850 nm light (inexpensive)

Multimode fiber

MaximumRun

LengthSpeed

1000BASE-SX 275 m1 Gbps




Ethernet Physical Layer Standards

62.5microns

160MHz-km

62.5 200

50 400

50 500

The 1000BASE-SX standard dominates trunk links today.Carriers use 1310 and 1550 nm light and single-mode fiber.

Proprietary “got you” Keyed Optics

1m~10m Passive Copper Active Fiber Optics + MTP Cable

Passive Fan-outCopper Cable

Optics + Fan-out Fiber Cable

Extreme Networks will restrict the integration of non-qualified 3rd party optical devices within 40G and 100G product environments, unless you purchase the EXOS 3rd Party 40G/100G Optics feature license to allow such integration.

DAC Cables

DIRECT ATTACH CABLES (DAC)

SFP+ (10G) and QSFP+ (40G) copper

10G-CX4

Ethernet in the First Mile later added 1000BASE-LX10 and -BX10.

Definition: a device that combines and split lights with different wavelengths

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category_7_cable#CAT7

Dual-fiber vs Single-fiber

Dual-fiber vs Single-fiber Dual-fiber is the standard mode of transmission where there are

two strands of fibers used: one strand for transmit (Tx) and the other strand for receive (Rx)

Single-fiber transmission uses only one strand of fiber for both transmit and receive (1310nm and 1490nm for 1Gbps; 1310nm and 1550nm for 100Mbps)

Dual-fiber optics Single-fiber optics

Gigabit Standard Optical Functionality or Medium Specified distance

1000BASE BX10‑

1000BASE BX-D SFP supports link length of up to 10km point to point on single mode fiber (1490nm TX/1310nm RX wavelength) at 1Gbps bidirectional. This optic uses an LC connector. Single-mode fiber, single-strand: 1,480 to 1,500 nm downstream, 1,260 to 1,360 nm upstream. *1000BASE-BX optics have two models and must be used in a pair. 1000BX is a technology that allows 1000BASE Ethernet connectivity via single fiber cable.

10 km

1000BASE LX‑1000BASE-LX SFP supports link length of up to 10km on single mode fiber at 1Gbps. This optic works at 1310nm wavelength and uses an LC connector. Multi-mode fiber using 1,270 to 1,355 nm wavelength

550 meters

1000BASE LX100‑ LX100 SFP supports link length of up to 100km on single mode fiber at 1Gbps. This optic works at 1550nm wavelength and uses an LC connector. 100 km

1000BASE LX10‑Single-mode fiber using 1,260 to 1,360 nm wavelength. 1000BASE-LX SFP supports link length of up to 10km on single mode fiber at 1Gbps. This optic works at 1310nm wavelength and uses an LC connector.

10 km

1000BASE SX‑1000BASE-SX SFP supports link length of up to 550m (depending on fiber type) on multimode fiber at 1Gbps. This optic works at 850nm wavelength and uses an LC connector. Multi-mode fiber using 770 to 860 nm wavelength.

FDDI (62.5 µm) 220 mOM1 (62.5 µm) 275 mOM2 (50 µm): 550 m

1000BASE T‑ Twisted-pair cabling (Cat-5, Cat-5e, Cat-6, Cat 7‑ ) 100 meters1000BASE TX‑ Twisted-pair cabling (Cat-6, Cat 7)‑ 100 meters

1000BASE ZX‑1000BASE-ZX SFP supports link length of up to 80km on single mode fiber at 1Gbps. This optic works at 1550nm wavelength and uses an LC connector. Single-mode fiber at 1,550 nm wavelength.

80 KM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category_5_cable

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category_6_cable

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category_7_cable#CAT7

Optical-to-electrical pluggables

Electrical-to-electrical pluggables uses copper cabling as its transmission

medium

Standalone copper cable

·Up to 100m ·Works with separate copper pluggable

Passive copper cable

·Up to 10m ·Copper pluggable is integrated with copper cable

Active copper cable

·Up to 15m ·Copper pluggable is integrated with copper cable ·Active components increase reach

Active optical cable Multi-mode fiber Single-mode fiber

Up to 100m Up to 300m Up to 100km

LaserWire SFPwire » Active Optical Cable

SFPwire 10G Ethernet SFP+ Active Optical Cable

Quadwire 4x10G (40G) Ethernet and Infiniband QDR QSFP Active Optical Cable

With reaches up to 30 meters, the Quadwire Fan-Out active optical cable is ideally suited for high-density 10G Ethernet, InfiniBand QDR, and other datacom and high-performance computing applications

https://www.finisar.com/active-optical-cables/fcbx410qb1cxx




10GBASE-LRM (IEEE 802.3aq: Long Reach on FDDI-grade

Multimode Fiber)

10 Gigabit Ethernet optical interface that will support a 300 meter distance on “FDDI grade” multimode fiber (62.5mm, 160/500 or 200/500 Mhz*km MMF).

At least achieve 220 meters on installed 500 MHz*km multimode fiber and achieve a distance of 300 meters on multimode fiber

Pricing less than or equal to the price of 10GBASE-LR. This standard will require the use of a 1310nm laser, hence the price comparison to 10GBASE-LR

LRM objectives

Making the switch from 62.5- to 50-micron fiber

Reach

10GBASE-ZR

10GBASE-ER

10GBASE-LR

10GBASE-LRM

10GBASE-LX4

10GBASE-SR

10GBASE-T

10GBASE-CX4

SFP+ Direct Attach Passive Copper

Infiniband 4x

1310nm LAN WWDM MMF

Category6a UTP

1310nm LAN Serial MMF

850nm WAN Serial MMF

1310nm LAN Serial SMF



1310nm LAN WWDM SMF

Interconnect AKA Connector[13] Medium Media type Wav Max range Notes

10GBASE-USR Ultra short reach 2011 X2, SFP+ Fiber Serial multi-mode 850 nm 100 or 150 m vendor-specific,

10GBASE-SR Short reach 2002 XENPAK, X2, XFP, SFP+ Fiber Serial multi-mode 850 nm OM3: 300 m

OM4: 400 m

10GBASE-LR Long reach 2002 XENPAK, X2, XFP, SFP+ Fiber Serial single-mode 1310 nm 10 km

10GBASE-ER Extended reach 2002 XENPAK, X2, XFP, SFP+ Fiber Serial single-mode 1550 nm 40 km

10GBASE-ZR - XENPAK, X2, XFP, SFP+ Fiber Serial single-mode 1550 nm 80 km Not covered by IEEE

802.3ae

10GBASE-LX4 2002 XENPAK, X2, SFP+ Fiber WDM multi-mode or single-mode 1310 nm

300 m (multimode)10 km (single-mode)

Costly and complex, replaced by 10GBASE-LRM

10GBASE-LRM Long reach multi-mode 2006 XENPAK, X2, SFP+ Fiber Serial multi-mode 1310 nm 220 m

10GBASE-CX4 2004 XENPAK, X2 Copper twinaxial - 15 mFour lanes, each at 3.125 Gbit/s expensive

SFP+ Direct Attach DA, "10GBASE-CR" 2006 SFP+ Copper Twinaxial 2-pair - 15 m Cheap, low latency,

low power

10GBASE-T 2006 8P8C Copper

Class E channel using category 6, Class Ea channel using 6a or 7 twisted pair

-55 m (Class E cat 6)100 m (Class Ea cat 6a or 7)

Can reuse existing cables, high port density, relatively high power

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_Gigabit_Ethernet#cite_note-13

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelength-division_multiplexing

UTP characteristicsUTP categories• Unshielded• Twisted (why?) pairs of

insulated conductors• Covered by insulating sheath

Category 1 Voice only (Telephone)

Category 2 Data to 4 Mbps (Local talk)

Category 3 Data to 10Mbps (Ethernet)

Category 4 Data to 20Mbps (Token ring)

Category 5Category 5e

Data to 100Mbps (Fast Ethernet)Data to 1000Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet)

Category 6 Data to 2500Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet)

Universal PoE (UPOE)IEEE 802.3at (PoE+)

Cat5e

30W

Cat5e

30W30W

60W

UPOE

Uses standard RJ45 connectors and Category 5e or higher cabling Intelligent power redundancy extended to devices. Consolidate UPS

infrastructure The UTP consists of two copper conductors, each having their own

insulating material (e.g. plastic), intertwined with each other to cancel induced current.

The reason for placing twist in the pair of wires is to minimize the vulnerability of the twisted pair cable to external electrical noise.

End-span powering

•

Create enterprise edge policies

Deploy Automated Power Savings modules and policies to switches

1

2

Time triggered event

3

Profiles to power off the IP handsets on specified edge ports.

4 Mid-span (HUB) Power Injector

Power with Intelligence

WiMax

Why so much Power? Samsung's NC220 zero client (Desktop). BT's Netrix turret (Trading Rooms). Oracle Sun Ray Clients (Thin Clients). Other Switches or Access Points. TelePresence or Security

video-surveillancewith pan/tilt/zoom

Power sourcing equipment (PSE) IEEE 802.3az

PoE PoE Plus UPOE

Minimum cable type

Cat5e Cat5e Cat5e

IEEE standard definition

802.3af 802.3at Cisco proprietary

Maximum power per PSE port

15.4W 30W 60W

Maximum power to PD

12.95W 25.5W 51W

Twisted pair used

2-pair 2-pair 4-pair

Ethernet Physical Layer StandardsUTP Physical

LayerStandards

MediumRequired

MaximumRun

LengthSpeed

100BASE-TX 4-pair Category 5 or higher100 meters100 Mbps

1000BASE-T(Gigabit)

4-pair Category 5 or higher100 meters1,000 Mbps

10BASE-T 4-pair Category 3 or higher100 meters10 Mbps

2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T

802.3bz downscaled 10GBASE-T for Cat 5e(2.5G) and Category 6 (5G) cabling

100 meters2 5005 000 Mbps

10GBASE-T 802.3an THP PAM-16 coding. Uses cat 6a cable.100 meters10,000 Mbps

25GBASE-T40GBase-T

802.3bq Under development, uses encoding from 10GBASE-T on proposed Cat 8.1/8.2 shielded cable

30 meters25 & 50,000 Mbps

Data Center Network in a Box High fan-out modules

96 ports on a single I/O module

Up to 768 ports in one chassis No oversubscription –

Up to 128 Gbs per slot MRJ 21 cabling

6:1 cabling reduction Go straight from blade server

directly to aggregation switch Eliminate multiple physical

network tiers Blade switch ToR switch

Direct Attach – “Physically” Reducing Tiers

6-Port MRJ21 Copper Connector

MRJ-21 High Density Cabling (simplified deployment)

2.5G/5G standard—known as IEEE 802.3bz

Greenfield - Cat 6a (2.5, 5G & 10G) 100m Cat 6 (2.5G, 5G & 10G) 55m

Brownfield - Cat 5e (2.5&5G) 100M

Alliance members are promoting the development of 2.5G and 5G Ethernet to extend the life of the installed cable plant. Data Centers with Copper

based infrastructure Many data centers have

standardized on RJ45 cabling and do not want to replace with fiber

Wave 2 Wifi

Why Copper based 10 Gigabit Ethernet No re-cabling required lower cost More durable operationally simple

Cable type Max distance*

Cat 7 Shielded 100 m

Cat 6a Shielded 100 m

Cat 6a Unshielded 100 m

Cat 6 Shielded** 100 m

Cat 6 Unshielded** 55 m

NBASE-T Alliance

Why the focus on 10G, 40G and 100G?

45%Reductio

n in Power

per Rack

80%Reductio

n in Cables

and Switch ports

15%Reductio

n in Infra-

structure Costs

2xImproved Bandwidt

h per Server

GbE Server 10GbE Serve

0

Area of Focus(Intra-rack)

Leaf or SpineSwitch

Top of Rack

Switch

Focus of Cost Comparison

40Gb Ethernet QSFP+

Passive copper cable

Active copper cable

Active optical cable

Media type

Connector type

Copper

Not applicable

Copper

Not applicable

MMF

Not applicable

Image

Distance range up to 5m up to 10m up to 100m

·QSFP+ (or QSFP) ·Aggregated 4 lanes of 10G to provide 40G

SR LR ER

Media type MMF SMF SMF

Connector type MPO LC LC

Distance range up to 100m up to 10km up to 40km

10 Gigabit Ethernet on QSFP+ -QSFP+ to SFP+ Adapter – Single 10Gb Port

QSFP-SFPP-ADPT – QSFP to SFP+ adapter Mechanical adapter which allows a single SFP+

transceiver to be supported in a QSFP+ port SFP+ transceiver or Direct Attach Cable is inserted

into the adapter Adapter connects to a single 10 Gigabit lane of the

QSFP+ port

QSFP-SFPP-ADPT1 x ETS SFP+ - Multi-mode or single mode transceiver, or Direct Attach Cable(10GB-LRM-SFPP not supported)

40Gb Transceivers

40GB-LR4-QSFP QSFP+ LC Duplex Single Mode Fiber 10 km4 Lane WDM1271 / 1291 /1311 / 1331

-4.0 / 2.3 -11.5 / 3.3

40GB-SR4-QSFP QSFP+MPO

Parallel

Fiber

Parallel 8 Multi-modeOM3 50 µmOM4 50 µm

100 m 150 m

4 Lanes850 -7.6 / 2.4 -9.5 / 2.4

40Gb Direct Attach Cables and Adapters

40GB-C0.5-QSFP QSFP+ QSFP+ Copper 0.5 m - - -

40GB-C01-QSFP QSFP+ QSFP+ Copper 1 m - - -



40GB-F10-QSFP QSFP+ QSFP+ Fiber 10 m 850 - -

40GB-F20-QSFP QSFP+ QSFP+ Fiber 20 m 850 - -

10GB-4-C03-QSFP QSFP+ SFP+

1 x QSFP+4 x SFP+

Copper 3 m - - -

QSFP-SFPP-ADPT QSFP+ 1 x SFP+ Adapter supports 1 x SFP+ transceiver in QSFP+ port

- - -

Multiple lanes of traffic per channel.

Connector = MPO

MPO cable contains multiple optical fibers inside (typically12 fibres) 10G Connector = LC

40GBASE-SR4

MPO connectorQSFP+ Optics side

40GBASE-SR4 can support 4 x 10GBASE-SR with

break-out cable MPO to 8xLC cable

(figure on right) 40 GbE Passive Copper

Up to 3 Meters 40 GbE Active Fiber Up

to 100 Meters

40GBASE-SR4 uses 8 fibers (4 in and 4 out)

Hybrid fan out cables 40Gb/s QSFP+QSFP+ to SFP+

Passive Copper Cable AssembliesQSFP+ SFP+

“fiber-to-the-chip”

technology

40G & 100G Standards

Distance and media type

at least 10 m over copper cable

at least 100 m over OM3 MMF

at least 125 m over OM4 MMF

at least 10 km over SMF

at least 40 km over SMF

40 Gigabit Ethernet

40GBASE-CR4

40GBASE-SR4

40GBASE-SR4

40GBASE-LR4

100 Gigabit Ethernet

100GBASE-CR10

100GBASE-SR10

100GBASE-SR10

100GBASE-LR4

100GBASE-ER4

MPO Connector &Multi-fiber cable

Front view of MPO connector ferrule(When using a 12 fiber cable, the middle 4 fibers are unused)

MPO = “Multi-fiber Push On”

40GB-SR4-QSFP & 40GB-ESR4-QSFP and Parallel Multi-Mode Fiber

40GB-LR4-QSFP for Single Mode Fiber• 40GBASE-LR4 for single mode fiber uses a standard single pair of

G.652 compliant single mode fiber to support 40Gb Ethernet• 40GBASE-LR4 transceivers use integrated coarse wave division

multiplexing (CWDM) to transmit 4 separate wavelengths over a single fiber

– Each wavelength carries a 10Gbps lane– Wavelengths from the four separate lasers are mixed on transmit and

separated on receive side by the integrated CWDM multiplexor in the transceiver

• Supports distances of up to 10Km• The 40GB-LR4-QSFP transceiver uses a standard LC duplex connector

40GB-LR4-QSFPin 4 x 10Ggig mode

One pair of Standard Single Mode Fiber

One fiber for Tx, one for Rx

LR4 Wavelengths:1271nm / 1291nm / 1311nm / 1331nm

Each wavelength runs at 10Gbps

QSFP+40GBASE-LR4


QSFP+40GBASE-LR4

10 Gigabit Ethernet on QSFP+ - 40GB-LR4-QSFP for Single Mode Fiber

Break out individual LR4 CWDM channels to individual10Gb Ethernet fiber pairs

A compatible standalone CWDM Mux is used to break out & combine individual 10Gb Ethernet links

Use CWDM 10 Gb SMF transceivers compatible with the LR4 wavelengths

Distances up to 7Km supported with a single CWDM mux

CWDMMux/Demux

10GB-LR271-SFPP

10GB-LR291-SFPP

10GB-LR311-SFPP

10GB-LR331-SFPP


Single PairSingle Mode Fiber

LR4 Wavelengths:1271nm / 1291nm / 1311nm / 1331nm

10Gb CWDM SFP+Transceivers

1271nm SMF Pair

1291nm SMF Pair

1311nm SMF Pair1331nm SMF Pair

QSFP+Transceiver MUX-CWDM-01

MUX-CWDM-01 - 4 Channel CWDM Mux/Demux

Model Number Description

10GB-LR271-SFPP 10Gb CWDM LR, SM, Channel 1271nm, LC




MUX-CWDM-01 4 Channel O-Band CWDM Mux/Demux

MUX-RACK-01 Rack mount kit for MUX-CWDM-01

40GB-LR4-QSFP 40Gb 40GBASE-LR4, SM 10Km, LC

By using multiplexers with optical wiring, speeds up 40 GbE may be obtained.

With wavelength division multiplexing, separate colors are multiplexed, sent together, and de-multiplexed at the receiving end.

DWDM Tunable Transceiver

Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM) solutions allow multiple wavelengths to be muxed onto one fiber pair channel

“Dense” refers to the large number of possible channels. Up to 102 channels are possible. 16 – 32 channel density is most commonly deployed.

Tunable for 102 DWDM channels

up to 80Km – with practical use of 40-50Km

Tunable DWDM EXOS CLI commands for programming transceiver

Requires customer DWDM MUX

SFP+ ZR DWDM Tunable TransceiverModel# 10325

40Gb QSFP+ LM4 – MMF / SMF Transceiver

Single mode/multi-mode -- Cheaper LR4 alternative for SMF distances upto 1km

Uses single pair fiber w/LC duplex connector – (no special MPO fiber)

Internal CWDM to leverage single fiber, MMF- 140M on OM3, 160M on OM4

Single Mode fiber

Mutli-Mode fiber

or

40G ER4 QSFP+ 40G LR4 QSFP+ 40G LR4 PSM QSFP+ 40G LM4 QSFP+ 40G SR4 QSFP+

Fiber Type Single-Mode (SMF) Single-Mode (SMF) Single-Mode (SMF) SMF and MMF Multi-Mode (MMF)

Connector Type Duplex LC Duplex LC 8 Fiber MPO APC Duplex LC 8 Fiber MPO

Launch Power 4.5 - -2.7dBm 2.3 - -7dBm 1.5 - -6dBm 4.3 - -7dBm -7.3dBm

Receiver Power Range -4.5 - -21.2dBm 2.3 ~ -13.7dBm 2.3 - -12.7dBm 4.3 - -10dBm -1 ~ -9.9dBm

Center Wavelength 1271/1291/1311/1331nm 1271/1291/1311/1331nm 1310nm 1271/1291/1311/1331nm 850nm

Distance Range 40km (minimum of 9dB attenuation) 2m to 10km 2m to 10Km 1km SMF / 140m OM3

MMF / 160m OM4 MMF 100m OM3 / 150m OM4

PART NO.E

10320 40GBASE-LR4 QSFP+ 40GBASE-LR4 SFP+, 1310nm, LC Connector, transmission length of up to 10km on SMF

10319 40GBASE-SR4 QSFP+40GBASE-SR SFP+, 850nm, MPO Connector, transmission length of up to 100m on OM3 or 150m on OM4 MMF

10326 40Gb LR4 PSM QSFP+ 40Gb LR4 Parallel Single Mode (PSM) QSFP+, 1310nm, 10km SMF, MPO

10327 MPO to 4 x LC Patch Cord SMF 10m

MPO to 4 x LC duplex connectors, SMF fanout patch cord, 10m (for use with 10326 and 10Gb breakout)

10334 40Gb LM4 QSFP+ 40Gb LM4, 140m OM3 MMF, 1Km SMF, QSFP+, LC

10335 40Gb ER4 QSFP+ 40Gb ER4, 40Km SMF, QSFP+, LC

40Gb QSFP+ ER4 40Km - 10335

Internal CWDM to leverage single fiber, 40Gb ER4 is a cost effective bandwidth upgrade compared to adding new long distance fibers.

40Gb ER4 is a derivative of 40Gb LR4 technology, Four wavelength CWDM transmitted over single fiber

Reach of up to 40 Km using a high sensitivity receiver (APD) Uses conventional LC interface using a single pair of SMF

Minimum 9dB attenuation required for optical path

100G BDX8 Program – Time to Market Risk Mitigation

Non-XL 100G Blade

• XL blade challenges with TCAM integration puts schedule at serious risk

• Critical delivery schedules driven by LINX and others

• IXP do not require large table sizes enabled by TCAM

• Risk mitigation plan:• Create version without TCAM - PCB spin with

termination resistors• Still has 64k table entries – more than

sufficient for IXP• Lower cost, lower power, lower heat, higher

MTBF• LINX was very happy with this plan as they

must deliver 100G to key CDN customer before June

• XL TCAM development will continue in parallel with new non-XL version

25G and 50G Ethernet

100G Ethernet

IEEE 802.3ba

The BlackDiamond X8 supports a wide variety of 100 gigabit optics, including CFP2

and the new CFP4 CFP form factor package (86x127x14 mm / 3.4”x5.0”x0.55”)

100 GbE, 40 km on SMF (4x 25G LAN WDM, centered at 1305nm)

100 GbE, 10 km on SMF (4x 25G LAN WDM, centered at 1305nm)

40 GbE, 10 km on SMF (4x 10G CWDM, centered at 1305nm)

100 GbE, 10 km on SMF (10x 10G CWDM, centered at 1550nm)

From Santur Corporation 100 GbE, 100 m on MMF (850 nm parallel optics, 10x

10G)

Among Extreme Networks newest products are the SR and the LR optics. These are based on CFP2 optics and are Extreme Networks first 100 gigabit Ethernet productsCXP form factor (approx 20x54x11 mm / 0.78”x2.13”x0.43”)

100 GbE, 100 m on MMF (850 nm parallel optics, 10x 10G)

100 GbE, 10 m on active cable

QSFP form factor (18.4x72x8.5 mm / 0.72”x2.8”x0.33”) 40 GbE, 100m on MMF (850 nm parallel optics, 4x

10G) 40 GbE, 10 m on active cable

CFP CFP2CFP4

• Competitive Offerings

• Extreme Networks BDX

• TBD

Purpose built for cloud-scale core deployments Industry leading CFP2 standard based efficient optics Roughly half the form-factor and power compared to existing CFP Lower-cost short range (< 300m) connectivity with SR10 10 x 10G breakout option using MPO ribbon cable Long range (< 10Km) connectivity with LR4 over single-mode

fiber

If 400GbE is released in 2016, Ethernet speeds will grow at about 26%/year

CFP4-LR4

CFP4-LR4

CFP4-LR4

CFP4-LR4

CFP4-LR4

CFP4-LR4

CFP4-LR4

CFP4-LR4

CFP4-LR4 CFP4-LR4Duplex Single-Mode Fiber Infrastructure

100G Ethernet up to 10 km

400G Ethernet up to 10 kmParallel Single-Mode Fiber Infrastructure

Only 8 Fibers Used

#5

#6

#8

#9

#7

#0

#1

#3

#4

#2

Mux/Demux in PCS Lanes12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 19 18 17 16

151413

Mux/Demux

Mux/Demux (2:5 5:10)

1284

0

16

117

31915

106

2

1814

95

1

17

13

16048 1216048 12

16048 1212

15193 11 715193 11 7

15193 11 711 7

1418261014182610

1418261014182610

14182610

13 1715917159

100 GbE serial bit stream

Each PCS Lane is 5G bit stream

Mux/Demux (2:5 5:10)

b bits

aka: CFP

MAC & PHY

8 4 0 16

12

3 19

15

11

7 10

6 2 18

14

13

9 5 1 17

Possible SMF Ethernet Road Map: 100G, 400G, 1.6T

4 x 100GBASE-LR4or

“400GBASE-PSM4”

CD-CFP4(LC)

CFP4(LC)CFP4(LC)CFP4(LC)

CD-CFP(MPO)

400GBASE-???

CD-CFP2(LC)

CFP4(LC)

4 x 400GBASE-???or

“1600GBASE-PSM4”CD-

CFP4(LC)

(High-Density 100GE)

Early Adopter 400G Mature 400G Early Adopter 1.6T

Parallel Single Mode, 4 Lanes (PSM4)4, Tx Fibers and 4, Rx Fibers1x12 MPO Connector

CD-CFP2(MPO)

CD-CFP4(LC)CD-CFP4(LC)CD-CFP4(LC)

Limited Bandwidth of Installed Optical Spectrum

Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing 50 GHz carrier spacing for installed DWDM equipment 100 Gb/s pushes spectrum of information to this limit

20.) physical (optics copper and power)

Internet