43. idiom definition – expression peculiar to a particular language that means something different...

43. IDIOM

Definition – expression peculiar to a particular language that means something different from the literal meaning of each word.

Example: “That idiot was as dumb as a door knob.”

Memorization Tip: Think IDIOM = IDIOT

44. IMAGERY

Definition – language that appeals to the senses

Example –The crescent moon glowed brightly as the wind blew the long, dry brown grass back and forth.

Memorization Tip: IMAGERY

45. INVERSION

Definition – reversal of the normal word order of a sentence. Authors use this to grab attention and evoke emphasis.

Example: Wonderful Ms. Tran is. Scholars you are. Hungry I am. A VERSION of the writer’s word order.

Memorization Tip: THINK YODA!

Language Activity #13ROOT: —Cog

MEANING: think, knowEXAMPLE: cognizant : aware,

mindful

Come up w/ 2 words using the root:

1.______________2._____________

46. IRONY

Definition – contrast between expectation and reality-between what is said and what is really meant, between what is expected to happen and what really does happened, or between what appears to be rue and what is really true.

Contrast between expectations and reality. There are 3 kinds.

VERBAL IRONY: VERBAL = SPOKEN WORDS

SITUATIONAL IRONY: You’re in situations that you wouldn’t expect would happen.

DRAMATIC IRONY: You’re sitting in a theater watching a dramatic movie and you know what happens when the characters don’t.

47. LYRIC POETRY

Definition –poetry that does not tell a story but is aimed only at expressing a speaker’s emotions or thoughts.

Think lyrics from a song. This poetry is musical and emotional.

The writer of a lyric poem uses words that express his state of mind, his perceptions, or his feelings.

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date.Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed.

48. METAPHOR

Definition – figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things, in which one thing becomes another thing without the use of the word like, as, than, or resembles.

A comparison FOR 2 unlike things without the words like, than, as, or resembles.

THINK ABOUT THIS MATH EQUATION:

METAPHOR (4)

TWO (2) = 2 unlike things being compared

49. METER

Definition – generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.

of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.

Ways people read poetry –they emphasize certain syllables

Think meter …measure…way to measure syllables.

50. MOOD

Definition - a story’s atmosphere or the feeling it evokes.

Think moody = Feeling something?

The feeling a story evokes!

51. MYTH

Definition – traditional story that is rooted in a particular culture, is basically religious, and usually serves to explain a belief, a ritual, or a mysterious natural phenomenon.

Story based in a particular culture.

Think mythical creatures.

Think Lochness monster!

Think Big Foot!

Think werewolves!

52. NARRATION

Definition – type of writing or speaking that tells about a series of related events.

A type of writing where the speaker tells what happens.

Think narrator who tells a story.

53. NARRATOR

Definition – the voice telling a story.

Voice telling a story/ Point of view.

1st person

Omniscient

Third person limited

54. Non-Fiction

Definition – prose writing that deals with real people, things, events, and places.

Writing that deals with real people, real things, real events, and real places.

Think NON-FICTION

NOT-FAKE

55. NOVEL

Definition – fictional prose narrative usually consisting of more than fifty thousand words.

Fictional prose narrative usually consisting of more than 50,000 words.

WHAT A NOVELTY! HOW GRAND! WHAT A LONG STORY!

56. ONOMATOPOEIA

Definition – use of a word whose sound imitates or suggests its meaning.

ONO = AWW NO!!!

SOUNDS. SOUNDS. SOUNDS!!!

57. PARADOX Definition – statement or situation that seems to be

a contradiction but reveals a truth.

PARA= not normal, strange, wondering

“The Gift of the Magi” – Della and Jim are the richest couple on earth. (rich in love but not in money)

Nobody goes to that restaurant, it's too crowded.

Don't go near the water until you've learned to swim.

The man who wrote such a stupid sentence cannot write at all.

If you get this message, call me; if you don't, then don't worry about it.

58. PARALLELISM

Definition – repetition of words, phrases, or sentences that have the same grammatical structure or that state a similar idea.

Repetition of words or phrases or sentences that have the same GRAMMATICAL structure

“I came, I saw, I conquered.” – Julius Caesar

59. PERSONA

Definition – mask or voice assumed by a write

Mask or voice assumed by the writer

The author takes on another PERSON’s view point

60. Personification

Definition – kind of metaphor in which a nonhuman thing or quality is talked about as if it were human.

A kind of metaphor in which a nonhuman thing or quality is talked about as if it were human.

PERSON = HUMAN

You are making something nonhuman HUMAN.

The wind whispers.

61. Plot

Definition – series of related event that make up a story or drama.

Series of related events that make up a story or drama.

Plot = think of a chain. All of these events link together.

62. Poetry

Definition – type of rhythmic, compressed language that uses figures of speech and imagery to appeal to the reader’s emotions and imagination.

KEY WORDS: rhythmic, uses figurative language and imagery to appeal to a reader’s emotions and imagination.

Ex. Legal Alien

“A handy token sliding back and forth between the fringes of both worlds.”

63. POINT OF VIEW

Definition – vantage point from which a writer tells a story. In broad terms there are three possible points of view: omniscient, first person, and third person limited.

Omniscient = all-knowing (OMMMM = sounds like a prayer…God-Like…knows everything!)

1st person = 1st person pronoun “I” (Think 1 looks like I)

3rd person = Third person pronouns He, she, they, it

(Number 3 rhymes with HE, SHE)

Vantage POINT = POINT of VIEW

64.PROTAGONIST

Definition – main character in fiction or drama.

Main character

PRO = YES the character you are rooting for.

65. PUN

Definition – play on the multiple meanings of a word or on two words that sound alike but have different meanings.

Play on multiple meanings of words.

Pun rhymes with FUN. Think funny jokes.

How do you make a tissue dance?

You put a BOOGIE in it.

Boogie – Booger Boogie – Dance

66. REFRAIN

Definition – repeated word, phrase, line, or group of lines.

Repeated words.

“Hey, hey, HEY.”

This phrase is repeated throughout

his song.

Think REfrain = REpeat

67. RHYME

Definition – repetition of accented vowel sounds and all sounds following them in words that are close together in a poem.

Repetition of sounds that are similar.

End rhyme = rhyme at the END of the line

Ms. Tran’s scholars will score 858,

This will make our school so great.

Internal rhyme = rhyme INSIDE the line

Once upon a midnight dreary while I pondered

weak and weary

68. RYTHYM

Definition – musical quality in language produced by repetition.

Think rhythm, think music. MUSICAL QUALITY in language.

69. SATIRE

Definition – type of writing that ridicules something – a person, a group of people, humanity at large, an attitude or failing, a social institution-in order to reveal a weakness.

SATIRE – PUT SOMETHING UNDER FIRE (“put on blast”)

Making fun of something

70. SCENE DESIGN

Definition – sets, lights, costumes, and props, which bring a play to life onstage.

SCENE in a PLAY.

What sets, lights, costumes, and props do they use?

71. Setting

Definition – a time and place of a story or play

Where a story is SET.

The real HOMS

“windows that can’t breathe”

“swollen door”

72. SHORT STORY

Definition – short, concentrated, fictional prose narrative

LOOK FOR THE WORD SHORT in the answer choices, and you’ve got the right answer. You’re welcome.

73. SIMILE

Definition – figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike tings, using a word such as like, as resembles, or than.

A comparison between 2 unlike things USING the words like, as, than, or resembles.

My scholars are as bright as the sun.

74. SOLILOQUY

Definition – long speech in which a character who is onstage alone expresses his or her thoughts aloud

speech given by a character alone by themselves.

SOLO = alone

SOLOlilquy…

75. SONNET

Definition – fourteen-line lyric poem that is usually written in iambic pentameter and that has one of several rhyme schemes.

Think of a woman who had 14 sons.

She wrote a 14 line poem about how she had a net of sons.

76. SPEAKER

Definition – voice that is talking to us in a poem.

Voice talking to us in a poem.

You hear a voice over the SPEAKER.

“Legal Alien” = voice of a Mexican American who is lost in her culture.

77. STANZA

Definition – group of consecutive lines in a poem that form a single unit.

GROUP OF CONSECUTIVE LINES IN A POEM THAT FORM A SINGLE UNIT.

Think STANZA, STANDS ALONE

The chunks of a poem.

78. STYLE

Definition – the particular way in which a write uses language

PARTICULAR WAY AN AUTHOR USES LANGUAGE.

Just like YOU have a fashion style to wear clothes your way, authors use language in different ways to create style.

Edgar Allan Poe = scary, moody, emotional, twisted = represented through his repetition and varies short and long sentences.

79. SUSPENSE

Definition – uncertainty or anxiety the reader feels about what is going to happen next in the story

ANXIETY the reader feels about the reading.

SUSPENSE…what events will COMMENCE?!

Someone thinks you’re a suspect for a murder..you get NERVOUS...you get ANXIETY!!

80. SYMBOL

Definition – person, place, thing, or event that stands for itself and for something beyond itself as well

SYMBOL is SOMETHING that STANDS for SOMETHING

81. TALL TALE

Definition – exaggerated, far-fetched story that is obviously untrue but is told as though it should be believed.

That mountain is SO tall and SO far.

A tale that is exaggerated and far-fetched (unbelievable).

Paul Bunyan : giant, tall lumberjack

82. THEME

Definition – central idea of a work of literature

CENTRAL IDEA OF A WORK.

Usually a phrase

*Love conquers all.

*War tears people apart.

83. TONE

Definition – attitude a writer takes toward a subject, a character, or the audience

Attitude a writer has towards a subject.

Think of your mother saying, “WATCH THAT TONE OF VOICE YOUNG LADY…”

84. TRAGEDY

Definition – play that depicts serious and important events in which the main character comes to an unhappy end

UNHAPPY ENDING

OPPOSITE OF COMEDY.

85. VOICE

Definition – the writer’s or speaker’s distinctive use of language in a text

Distinctive use of language in a text.

The speaker may be a mother and her voice is motherly, nurturing, caring, and loving.

The author uses specific words (language) to create the character of the mother.

“Honey…” “M’am”

Term # 86. ARGUMENTDefinition: a series of

statements in a text designed to convince us of something

Example:

Persuasive Essay – you argue your opinion

Memorization Tip: You get into an arGUMent with your teacher on why you should be able to chew GUM in class.

87. CAUSE and EFFECT

Definition – a text structure that shows how or why one thing leads to another.

HOW and WHY one thing leads to another.

Do not study for the test Poor score on the test

Bad attitude in class Parent conference

Be rude and disrespectful in class Receive a referral

Drop out of high school Earn minimum wage

88.CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER

Definition –the arrangement of details in time order, that is, in the order in which they occurred

TIME ORDER.

CHRO

CHROME…

CHROME watches

Watches tell time..

89. CLAIM

Definition – the idea or opinion that a writer tries to prove or defend in an argument.

CLAIM = OPINION

CLAIM rhymes with LAME

My opinion is that dogs are lame.

COHERENT

Definition – logically integrated, consistent, and understandable

ALLEGORY

SYMBOLIC STORY (characters/events/actions STAND for something)

ALLEGORY RHYMES WITH STORY!!!

“The Golden Kite, Silver Wind” (2 towns building walls represent 2 countries in an arms race)

43. idiom definition – expression peculiar to a particular language that means something different...

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