ancient greece greek mythology. what is a myth? n a traditional story rooted in primitive folk...
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Ancient GreeceAncient Greece
Greek MythologyGreek Mythology
What is a myth?What is a myth?
A traditional story rooted in A traditional story rooted in primitive folk beliefs and stories of primitive folk beliefs and stories of cultures.cultures.
Uses the supernatural to interpret Uses the supernatural to interpret natural eventsnatural events
Explains the culture’s view of the Explains the culture’s view of the universe and the nature of universe and the nature of humanityhumanity
In the beginning...In the beginning...
……was Chaos (shapeless nothingness)was Chaos (shapeless nothingness) Chaos had two children:Chaos had two children:
– Night (darkness)Night (darkness)– Erebus (death)Erebus (death)
““All was black, empty, silent, All was black, empty, silent, endless.”endless.”
Mysteriously, Love was born of Mysteriously, Love was born of darkness and death.darkness and death.
And then...And then...
When Love was born, order and When Love was born, order and beauty began to flourish.beauty began to flourish.
Love created Light and Day.Love created Light and Day. Earth was created.Earth was created.
– She was the solid ground, but also a She was the solid ground, but also a personality.personality.
The Earth bore Heaven to cover The Earth bore Heaven to cover her and be a home for the gods.her and be a home for the gods.
The First ParentsThe First Parents
Mother Earth = Gaea (Gaia)Mother Earth = Gaea (Gaia) Father Heaven = Ouranos (Uranus)Father Heaven = Ouranos (Uranus) They had three kinds of children:They had three kinds of children:
– Three monsters with 100 hands and Three monsters with 100 hands and 50 heads50 heads
– Three cyclopesThree cyclopes– The titansThe titans
The Titans (The Elder The Titans (The Elder Gods)Gods)
There were many of them.There were many of them. Enormous size, incredible strengthEnormous size, incredible strength Cronos (Saturn): Ruler of the titansCronos (Saturn): Ruler of the titans Rhea: Wife of CronosRhea: Wife of Cronos Oceanus: River that encircled the worldOceanus: River that encircled the world Iapetus: Son of OceanusIapetus: Son of Oceanus
Father of Prometheus, Father of Prometheus,Epimetheus, and Atlas (also titans)Epimetheus, and Atlas (also titans)
The Principal GodsThe Principal Gods
Cronos and Rhea Cronos and Rhea were parents ofwere parents of– Zeus*Zeus*– Poseidon*Poseidon*– HadesHades– Hera*Hera*– Hestia *Hestia *– Demeter*Demeter*
Other Olympians Other Olympians includeinclude– Athena*Athena*– Ares* Ares* – Hebe Hebe – Hephaestus *Hephaestus *– Apollo *Apollo *– Artemis *Artemis *– Hermes *Hermes *– Aphrodite *Aphrodite *– DionysusDionysus
* Indicates original Twelve Olympians
The OlympiansThe Olympians
The OlympiansThe Olympians
Mt. OlympusMt. Olympus
Mt. OlympusMt. Olympus
Children of Chronus and Children of Chronus and RheaRhea
ZeusZeus
ZeusZeus
ZeusZeus
Roman Name: Jupiter Roman Name: Jupiter (also Jove)(also Jove)
Supreme god of the Supreme god of the Olympians.Olympians.
Weapon: ThunderboltWeapon: Thunderbolt NOT omniscient NOT omniscient Fathered many Fathered many
characters in characters in mythologymythology
ZeusZeus
Zeus’s StatueZeus’s Statue
HeraHera
HeraHera
HeraHera
Roman Name: JunoRoman Name: Juno Zeus’s sister and Zeus’s sister and
wifewife Jealous protector of Jealous protector of
marriagemarriage Punished the women Punished the women
Zeus fell in love withZeus fell in love with
PoseidonPoseidon
PoseidonPoseidon
PoseidonPoseidon
Roman Name: Roman Name: NeptuneNeptune
God of the Seas God of the Seas and Watersand Waters
Weapon: tridentWeapon: trident ““The Earthshaker”The Earthshaker” Gave horses to Gave horses to
menmen
HadesHades
HadesHades
HadesHades
HadesHades
Roman Name: PlutoRoman Name: Pluto Ruler of the Ruler of the
Underworld/ DeadUnderworld/ Dead Kidnapped Kidnapped
PersephonePersephone Not evil (but should Not evil (but should
be feared), not be feared), not death himselfdeath himself
HadesHades
DemeterDemeter
DemeterDemeter
Roman Name: CeresRoman Name: Ceres Goddess of the Goddess of the
HarvestHarvest Lives on the EarthLives on the Earth Her mood affects Her mood affects
the seasonsthe seasons Mother of Mother of
PersephonePersephone
HestiaHestia
HestiaHestia
Roman Roman Name: VestaName: Vesta
Goddess of Goddess of HomeHome
Powerful Powerful ProtectorProtector
Zeus’ Children by HeraZeus’ Children by Hera
AresAres
AresAres
AresAres
Roman Name: Roman Name: MarsMars
God of WarGod of War Bloodthirsty and Bloodthirsty and
mercilessmerciless Had NO temples Had NO temples
in Greecein Greece
HebeHebe
HebeHebe
Roman Name: Roman Name: JuventasJuventas
Goddess of Goddess of YouthYouth
Cupbearer to Cupbearer to the Godsthe Gods
Later married Later married HeraclesHeracles
HephaestiusHephaestius
HephaestiusHephaestius
HephaestuHephaestuss
Roman Name: Roman Name: Vulcan Vulcan
God of Fire/ForgeGod of Fire/Forge Kind, unlike his Kind, unlike his
brotherbrother Only ugly godOnly ugly god Husband of Husband of
AphroditeAphrodite
AthenaAthena
AthenaAthena
AthenaAthena
Roman Name: Roman Name: MinervaMinerva
Goddess of Goddess of Wisdom and Wisdom and Battle MaidenBattle Maiden
Sprang directly Sprang directly from Zeus’s from Zeus’s head (no mom)head (no mom)
ZEUS’ CHILDREN BY LETOZEUS’ CHILDREN BY LETO(Daughter of the Titans, Coeus (Daughter of the Titans, Coeus
and Phoebe)and Phoebe)
ApolloApollo
ApolloApollo
ApolloApollo
Roman Name: Roman Name: ApolloApollo
God of Light/Sun God of Light/Sun and Musicand Music
Master musician Master musician and poetand poet
Twin Brother of Twin Brother of ArtemisArtemis
ArtemisArtemis
ArtemisArtemis
Roman Name: Roman Name: DianaDiana
Goddess of the Goddess of the Moon/ HuntMoon/ Hunt
Virgin goddessVirgin goddess Twin Sister to Twin Sister to
ApolloApollo
Other ChildrenOther Children
HermesHermes
HermesHermes
HermesHermes
Roman Name: Roman Name: MercuryMercury
Messenger of the Messenger of the GodsGods
Appears in more Appears in more myths than any myths than any other characterother character
Son of Zeus and MaiaSon of Zeus and Maia
PersephonPersephonee
Roman Name: Roman Name: ProserpinaProserpina
Goddess of the Goddess of the UnderworldUnderworld
Daughter of Daughter of Zeus and Zeus and DemeterDemeter
Abducted by Abducted by HadesHades
AphroditeAphrodite
AphroditeAphrodite
Roman Name: Roman Name: VenusVenus
Goddess of Love Goddess of Love and Beautyand Beauty
Sprang from the Sprang from the ocean foamocean foam
Or born of Zeus Or born of Zeus and Dione (says and Dione (says Homer)Homer)
DionysusDionysus
DionysusDionysus
DionysusDionysus
Roman Name: Roman Name: BacchusBacchus
God of WineGod of Wine Patron god of Patron god of
the Greek the Greek stagestage
A God of the A God of the EarthEarth
The OlympiansThe Olympians
ErosEros
Roman Name: Roman Name: CupidCupid
Young God of Young God of LoveLove
Son of Son of Aphrodite and Aphrodite and HephaestusHephaestus
IrisIris
Goddess of the Goddess of the RainbowRainbow
Messenger for Messenger for Zeus and HeraZeus and Hera
Daughter of Daughter of the titan the titan Thaumus and Thaumus and the nymph the nymph ElectraElectra
The MusesThe Muses
Nine daughters of Nine daughters of Zeus and Zeus and MnemosyneMnemosyne
Inspired artists of Inspired artists of all kindsall kinds
Goddesses who Goddesses who presided over the presided over the arts and sciencesarts and sciences
““He is happy whom He is happy whom the muses love.”the muses love.”
Clio, Urania, Thalia, Melpomene, Erato, Calliope, Euterpe, Terpsichore, Polyhymnia
The MusesThe Muses
The GracesThe Graces
Three Goddesses of Three Goddesses of Grace and BeautyGrace and Beauty
““They give life its They give life its bloom.”bloom.”
Aglaia (Splendor)Aglaia (Splendor) Euphrosyne (Mirth)Euphrosyne (Mirth) Thalia (Good Cheer)Thalia (Good Cheer)
The Erinnyes (The Furies)The Erinnyes (The Furies)
Roman Name: Furiae Roman Name: Furiae or Dirae (The Furies)or Dirae (The Furies)
Three Goddesses of Three Goddesses of VengeanceVengeance– TisiphoneTisiphone– AlectoAlecto– MegaeraMegaera
They punish They punish evildoers.evildoers.
The FatesThe Fates
Roman Name: Parcae, MoiraeRoman Name: Parcae, Moirae Three sistersThree sisters
– Clotho (“The Spinner”)Clotho (“The Spinner”)– Lachesis (“The disposer of lots”)Lachesis (“The disposer of lots”)– Atropos (“The cutter”)Atropos (“The cutter”)
They weave, measure, and cut the They weave, measure, and cut the thread of life for humans.thread of life for humans.
The FatesThe Fates
The SatyrsThe Satyrs
Gods of the woods Gods of the woods and mountainsand mountains
““Shepherd gods”Shepherd gods” Goat men (like Pan)Goat men (like Pan) Companions of Companions of
DionysusDionysus They like to drink, They like to drink,
dance, and chase dance, and chase nymphs.nymphs.
The GorgonsThe Gorgons
Three snake-Three snake-haired haired monstersmonsters
Medusa is most Medusa is most well-knownwell-known
Their look turns Their look turns men to stone.men to stone.
The The CentaursCentaurs
Half man, half Half man, half horsehorse
Savage Savage creatures creatures (except (except Chiron)Chiron)
Followers of Followers of DionysusDionysus
The TitansThe Titans
CronusCronus
RheaRhea
AtlasAtlas
SourcesSources
Graphics in this presentation were taken Graphics in this presentation were taken from the following web sites:from the following web sites:– http://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.htmlhttp://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.html– http://www.pantheon.org/http://www.pantheon.org/– http://www.messagenet.com/myths/http://www.messagenet.com/myths/– http://mythman.com/http://mythman.com/– http://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.htmlhttp://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.html– http://www.paleothea.com/http://www.paleothea.com/– http://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/http://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/
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