arabic type from a multicultural perspective · 5/15/2014 · palace in 1333 by yusuf i, sultan of...

Andreu Balius University of Southampton

Winchester Campus

Arabic type from a multicultural perspective Multi-script Arabic-Latin type design

Design in question. Ruedi Baur

Raval neighborhood. Barcelona

Designing for a global world

“Design is not a mere hand-maiden for industrial development, but a much broader strategy that can help transform society and feed into the culture-forming processes of a country or a region” !M.P. Ranjan

“Through its history, type design has been an activity taking place at the intersection of ideas. It exists to serve the written word.” !John Hudson (Berry, 2002, p.41)

Raval neighborhood. Barcelona

Alhambra (s.XIII-XIV). Granada. Spain

Goals & challenges

General goals: !• Contribute to a greater undestanding between cultures that currently coexist within the same territory. !• Provide tools for cultural dialogue.

Main goals

Specific goals: !• Introductory on Spanish Arabic type design. !• Solve multi-script Arabic-Latin design problems. !• Provide graphic designers with a multi-script Arabic-Latin font for text composition.

Main goals

Novelty of the project

Design process

Sketching

THEORETICAL RESEARCH

Historical approach & Contemporary approach

Calligraphy practice

Drawing letters

Designing characters

Digitizing

Production Metrics & OT

Font productionTestingWriting

Synthesis

Research (Readings) Conceptual process

PRACTICE BASED-PROJECT

Analysis

Methodology process Theoretical research

Bibliotheca Arabico-hispana escurialensis. Miguel Casiri, Madrid 1760-1770

Methodology process Theoretical research: Arabic type design in Spain

Type specimen from the Real Biblioteca (Royal Library). Madrid 1787


Gil’s typeface reference


In red: Biblioteca characters

Arabic from Bibliotheca Arabico-hispana


Arabic from Jerónimo Gil

Mecanismo del Arte de la Imprenta. Sigüenza y Vera. Ibarra’s widow, Madrid 1811


Jerónimo Gil’s Arabic / Pradell Al-Andalus


و2*$# 012/ .&-, ا$+*ل و '&ا$# "!

.6 9 0845# و 762# .6 45/ف

Pradell Al-Andalus

Pradell Al-Andalus

Jerónimo Gil’s Arabic

Jerónimo Gil’s Arabic

Arabic matrices from the Neufville foundry


Methodology process Practice-based project

Arabic and Latin reed pens

Methodology process Practice-based project: Calligraphy basics

Arabic - 45º Foundation hand - 15/30º

Sketching & drawing

Methodology process Practice-based project: Sketching & Character design process

Arabic writing learning lessons


Non-Latin seminar. July, 2009

Methodology process Practice-based project: Non-Latin seminar. University of Reading

Campus. University of Reading


Non-Latin tuition. July, 2010


Character design process


Arabic basic alphabet

Methodology process Practice-based project: Map of basic characters

ابتثجحخ

Alif

Bā’

Tā’

Thā’

Jīm

Ḥā’

Khā’

ضطظعغفق

Ḍād

Ṭā’

Ẓā’

‘Ayn

Ghayn

Fā’

Qāf

6Hamzahء

Lām-Alifلك

منهوي

Kāf

Lām

Mīm

Nūn

Hā’

Wāw

Yā’

ذد

رزسشص

Dāl

Ḏāl

Rā’

Zāy

Sīn

Shīn

Ṣād

Proportions

Methodology process Practice-based project: Character design

ASCENDERمعحصسر

DESCENDER 3

DESCENDER 2DESCENDER 1

LOOP HEIGHTTEETH HEIGHT 1TEETH HEIGHT 2

BASELINE

Hx ASCENDERنيلبا

DESCENDER 3



BASELINE

ASCENDERطوودهفق

DESCENDER 3



BASELINE ASCENDERمعحصسر

DESCENDER 3



BASELINE

Hx ASCENDERنيلبا

DESCENDER 3



BASELINE

ASCENDERطوودهفق

DESCENDER 3



BASELINE

Word image


conection zone

!"#$

Stroke weight and contrast


!" inA1A1>A2

A2

BB

A1

Colour balance

Methodology process Practice-based project: Harmonization

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W,%ا (<JV"%4-1ل اMا WX 1نAZ[%ق ا"#$%اI,` %\1 _->/ ا%JK/@)، و[\"ر Y%14. %-1 17ن

ا45,/اف 12%0/ا.) ا%-,+*() وا%$#"ق ا%-,1Aو@) و?>/ ا%#21() ٢٩٤ %(,</ف %=->; أ194ء اHM/ة WX مCA%ل واEF%1س ا%$/@) واHأ "I (@/JK%ا

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. Whereas disregard and contempt 45 for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in

13.01.2013Pradell Al-Andalus v. 2Equiparar color i tamanys

Pradell Al-Andalus 10/14



Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. Whereas disregard and contempt 45 for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. Whereas disregard and contempt 45 for human rights have resulted

%-1 17ن ا45,/اف 12%0/ا.) ا%-,+*() وا%$#"ق ا%-,1Aو@) و?>/ ا%#21() %(,</ف

%=->; أ194ء اHM/ة ا%I (@/JK" أ1Hس S<V WX .Y%1F%ا WX مCA%ل واEF%ا%$/@) واأUH/ت QI1=R S4 وازدراء %$#"ق ا%]1AZن

/<-_ 1\% `,Iا W,%ا (<JV"%4-1ل اMا WXا%JK/@)، و[\"ر Y%14. %-1 17ن ا45,/اف

12%0/ا.) ا%-,+*() وا%$#"ق ا%-,1Aو@) و?>/ ا%#21() ٢٩٤ %(,</ف %=->; أ194ء اHM/ة

%-1 17ن ا45,/اف 12%0/ا.) ا%-,+*() وا%$#"ق ا%-,1Aو@) و?>/ ا21#%()

(@/JK%ة ا/HMف %=->; أ194ء ا/>,)% WX مCA%ل واEF%1س ا%$/@) واHأ "I

QI1=R S4 ت/UHأ S<V WX .Y%1F%اوازدراء %$#"ق ا%]1AZن WX ا4M-1ل

،(@/JK%1 _->/ ا\% `,Iا W,%ا (<JV"%او[\"ر Y%14. %-1 17ن ا45,/اف 12%0/ا.)

Pradell Al-Andalus


2رص ا67.اء 34 2رص أ/.ي و+*( )'&ه ا#"! اAL=زE IJG=د3D+ )E FGس يف 6A"@; ?.<=>; :9ل

)A 34رش ا#'9دي. و=NOن ا.QOا )A ين=SOا T*UOا 9'A 267 &NE ىل[ \QGو ='>=D]^E ;'+='_Oمل ا=N#ا a4أ(A3"'h 430رت) 3Ufب A&ر3Nc .&Gد E&اbc ;G''& 2رص ا67.اء إىل اQO.ن اO.اE\ اهلo.ي، ا#3اQ"O lm.ن اNO=رش

\E=_Oن ا.QOإىل ا stاufأ vNE \f.cا#'9دي، واهلo.ي ا#3اQ"O lm.ن اxO=SO ]رش ا#'9دي.

A( [امت اNOامرة ا|[A9'; ا3Oا}z; يف أUE'; اQOرص؛ ا[��&ام اUNO=رص اm.:uO'; اQ'2.O; يف �Uc'امت

2رص ا67.اء 34 2رص أ/.ي و+*( )'&ه ا#"! اAL=زE IJG=د3D+ )E FGس يف

)A ين=SOا T*UO6"@; ?.<=>; :9ل اAاQO.ن اNO=رش ا#'9دي. وA 34( أa4 ا#N=مل

9'A 267 &NE ىل[ \QGو ='>=D]^E ;'+='_Oا ;Gا&E 3دNc .&Gر&A 3بUf (رتA3"'h 430)

bc''& 2رص ا67.اء إىل اQO.ن اO.اE\ اهلo.ي، vNE \f.cرش ا#'9دي، و=NOن ا.Q"O lmا#3ا

Alhambra (in Arabic: 2رص ا67.اء) is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalu-sia, Spain. It was originally constructed as a fortress in 889, and was converted into a royal palace in 1333 by Yusuf I, Sultan of Granada. The Alhambra’s Islamic palaces were built for the last Muslim Emirs in Spain and its court, of the Nasrid dynasty. After the Reconquista (reconquest) by the Reyes Católicos (“Catho-lic Monarchs”) in 1492, some portions were

Alhambra (in Arabic: 2رص ا67.اء) is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalusia, Spain. It was originally constructed as a fortress in 889, and was converted into a royal palace in 1333 by Yusuf I, Sultan of Granada. The Alhambra’s Islamic palaces were built for the last Muslim

PRADELL AL-ANDALUS 10/15 pt.

PRADELL AL-ANDALUS 12/17 pt.

Pradell Al-Andalus


ا345$2 ا$0)'#1 ا$0/ .-,& +* ()'& ا$#"م B?= اA;(:ة ا@(?ري(= (>;(:ة ا345$2) يف ا$8رتة PQ *R أN"ام 711 و1492 اE'FG /0$* ا+)D'"ن.

*#$*G ST. /0$أ34$)#* ا UN 2$345ا VD0ختمث*4#1 ا_*$#S يف >^"ب إX(YZ. [ *#4*?Y يف

ا$?3ا(Rfg 1*رة يف cd ا$3و$1 اR5"(1 يف ا$b*م، hD+3 ا?N UQ 3#$"$ا c?_ UR ح*j^Q 3أتQ /0$ا

E0$". *n3-Q ،(750-711)* دوQ 1$ين أR#1 يف اN 2$345?3 ا$:محU ا$3اcs وrY 3-Q"ط دو1$

Qين أX$". 1#R اR 2$345ام$u hري 3G"Rة N:}"ا Dz"ك ا$,"اSw ،Vx وn3G* ا+:اQ,"ن

وا+"3Gون _?c أن .^S(r إىل DR"ك |"اR Vx:ة أs:ى وزا$�Q X"رة هن*s3Q 1#x"ل }:4*34و

ا$�*ين hDR ا�Y?*ن u 1FD'R:4*|1 يف 2 (^*(: [ 1492

SE CONOCE como Al-Ándalus al territo-rio de la Península Ibérica y de la Sep-

timania bajo poder musulmán durante la Edad Media, entre los años 711 y 1492. En-tre los años 711 y 715, los musulmanes ocu-paron una parte de la Península Ibérica, aunque sin ningún tipo de dominio efecti-vo al norte del Sistema Central. La invasión

AL-ANDALUS was the Arabic name given to a nation and territorial region also com-monly referred to as Moorish Iberia. The name describes parts of the Iberian Pen-insula and Septimania governed by Mus-lims, at various times in the period be-tween 711 and 1492, although the territorial boundaries underwent constant changes

Arabic type specimen

Methodology process Practice-based project: Arabic

◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌ ◌" # $ & ' (

ا;:89 =>?@ ا8Cوف HI JKILM J?@NI OP JQFKR8S ا;FGء وا;:8ح

أFUام WS LI ا;:رتة يف ([;NQ\ا (^[@8ة اb@cري@ـ_ اd[@8ة _bR ا;Feم fgh@ Li fjkl Om;ا Jeghm;ا [;NQ\ا LeQLbnإ ^?Fب يف qe;Lrا JeQLمث Le;Lt qGl Om;ا Leh;NQأ HU [;NQ\ا uKmخت اFgKhiن. Lxg9t Om;ا و1492 711 ~Kiا NbU HS Ne;F;ا =br HI L�?Sح NSأت Om;ا ا;�Lم، يف J@FI\ا J;وN;ا =� يف �LIرة M J@اNb;ا يف �hn�l A �;Fl JeIأ Sين J;دو F>nط NkSو ا;Nا�= Hا;8مح NbU [;NQ\ا يف JeIأ Sين J;دو Lxm;Fl LPNkS ،(750-711)FKIك إىل qh>?l أن =br واNtFiون ا8iاFjSن LPNtو q� ،uا�Fj;ا �FKك F�8Uا NtFIة �ري Iام;~ [;NQ\اA 1492 8@L?@ 2 يف J�LQ8� J9KgI ا�Lbnن ~KI ا;�Lين �NQLQ8و F�NSل Je�Lهن F�Sرة وزا;� أ�8ى 8Iة uا�F�

Al-Andalus (in Arabic: [;NQ\ا) was the Arabic name given to a nation in the parts of the Iberian Peninsula and Septimania governed by Muslims, at various times in the period between 711 and 1492.

` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `

ا;£¢ ا;FP OS8k واHI Nt أرF?� frن

N�Q اdامل يف لك ا\LeRء ا;L?S ¢e¤ Om وا;OP Om ^[ء HI ا;F9ن

¦r8;ا JM8t =M �he;

PRADELL AL-ANDALUS. A NON-LATIN MULTISCRIPT TYPEFACE BASED ON NASKH CALLIGRAPHIC STYLE. DESIGNED BY ANDREU BALIUS (2009-2013)

rرص ا8gCاء r FPرص أ�8ي وH�t اL?S fxmQؤه يف Uرص Sين ا\مح8 A H@NtFiا J;ط دوF>n NkS [;NQ\يف ا WgKhiا J�LQ8� مL9t

430) ÃeI 267 NkS ىلU Æ>@و LeQLbn�S JetLeh;مل اLkiا qPأ HI FPوIFKeMرت) ^?Fب NI J?@NIر@Fkl .Nد NSا@r Nee�l Jرص ا8gCاء إىل

Æ 8lدي، وÃeiرش اU É;L�;8ن ا>K; Êا�Fiاهل�8ي، ا ÆSLh;ا;<8ن اÌkS أ^[ا�_ إىل ا;<8ن ا;�HIL اهل�8ي اFiا�K; Ê<8ن ا;8اU ÆSرش

اÃeiديA وn HIامت ا;kامرة ا�JeIÃn ا;FاJÎÏ يف أJe?S ا;<رص؛ اN£mnام ا;L?kرص ا;[�Je�8 ا;J>er8 يف eÐ?lامت L�]M JenN?Pرف Òا�Niا ÌkS fmt =S ،JeـUوا\د JeQت ا;<ـ8آL@Ôا JSLmMد، وL�h;ا

¦dا HI رفLز� Lهب ¢e¤8ك، وIز HـSLM 8اءk�;ا qÐQ HI فLÖوا\و

A MULTISCRIPT OPENTYPE TYPEFACE THAT COMBINES BOTH LATIN & ARABIC SCRIPTS INTENDED FOR MULTILINGUAL PURPOSES

× A B . ( ٭ ) ؟ ؛ ، ٫ Ü ٪

٩ ٨٧ ۶ ۵ ۴ ٣ ٢ ١ ٠ (FARSI) ٩ ٨ ٧ ٦ ٥ ٤ ٣ ٢ ١ ٠ (ARABIC)

ARABIC BASIC SETëÐ� ظ ¢j� ط ÌGÏ ض ¦�Ö ص ï�R ش [hn س ò£� خ ÒÎt ح ô�^ ج É�� ث �ml ت ÷bS ب LQ ا

�Q أ �Q إ øQ آ ùQ ؤ úû� ى ء ئ JQ ة FQ و ]Q 8 زQ ر ýQ ذ NQ د Oe@ ي _xP ه H?Q ن qgI م =K; 9~ لM ك Ê>r ق u:� غ �$# ف ÆkU ع

ٱ Qٱ ک ککک گ UVW ٹ QRS پ MNO چ IJK ڤ EFG ں CQ ڈ AQ ڑ Q? ژ Q= ھ ھھھ ہ 67ہ 3Q 4 ۃ Qۃ ی ییی ے Q+ ۓ Qۓ ە ۀEXTENDED ARABIC (FARSI & URDU)

BASIC AND CONTEXTUAL LIGATURES

NUMBERS

MARKS + PUNCTUATION + SPECIALS

Q � }Q \ ~Q Ô ÃQ c| ٱل Qٱل Qين ىس Qىس يس Qيس ىش Qىش يش Qيش ىص Qىص يص Qيص ىض Qىض يض Qيض ىب يب ىن ين ىت يت ىث يث ىف يف ىئ يئ � لك Qلك مئ8 �8 �8 �8 مث8 �8� �� ø� L� يلQ ىل يلQ يك ىلQ ىك يكQ رئ ىكQ ريQ رنQ رتQ ربQ رض @ريQ رص رضQ رش رصQ رس رشQ هن8 هت8 هب8 هي8 رس

Qنئ Qنث WQ �Q �Q �8 ¤8 خت8 حي8 جي8 خي8d 8C 8 �8 مل qi هل8 مح8 مج8 مخ8 مه8

Transliteration set: DIN 31635 (1982) / ISO 233 (1984) /DMG / UNESCO

Methodology process Practice-based project: Transliteration character set

ابتثجحخ

a, ā

b

t

ṯ

ǧ

ḥ

ḫ, ẖ

ضطظعغفق

ḍ

ṭ

ẓ

‘

ġ

f

q

ىۃ

’ء

ā, ỳ

h, ẗ

لك

منهوي

k

l

m

n

h

w, ū

y, ī

ذد

رزسشص

d

ḏ

r

z

s

š

ṣ

Pradell Al-Andalus in use

Methodology process Practice-based project: Test

Thanks!

arabic type from a multicultural perspective · 5/15/2014 · palace in 1333 by yusuf i, sultan of...

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