capitolo 10

“Switched LAN” - Mario Baldi, Pietro Nicoletti Copyright © 2002 - The McGraw-Hill Companies srl

Capitolo 10

Multi-layer switch: commutazione hardware a vari livelli


Rete geografica(Internet, intranet, extranet)

Router

BridgeSwitch


Layer 3 switch

Switch

A

B


Layer 3 switch

VLAN 10

VLAN 21

VLAN 18

VLAN 7 VLAN 15

VLAN 5

VLAN 33

VLAN 11


Switch

Router

A

B


Layer 3 switch

A

B


Internet


Internet

Layer 7 switchApplication layer switch

Content aware routerServer load balancer


SYN

SYN/ACK

ACK

GET URLSYN

SYN/ACK

ACK

GET URL

DatiDati

Client Layer 7 Switch Server


Content delivery network


Rete geografica

S1-PBridge-Prio

24576

S1-SBridge-Prio

28672

S532768

S632768

S732768

Root Bridge

S232768

S332768

S432768

2

1

VLAN2

VLAN3

VLAN4

Router

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN4

VLAN2VLAN4

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN4

VLAN3VLAN4

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN4

c

Legenda

Porta root

Porta designated

Porta Blocking


Rete geografica

Routingdinamico

S1-PBridge-Prio

24576

S1-SBridge-Prio

28672

S532768

S632768

S732768

Root Bridge

S232768

S332768

S432768

2

1VLAN2

VLAN3

VLAN4

Router

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN4

VLAN2VLAN4

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN4

VLAN3VLAN4

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN4

VLAN2

VLAN3

VLAN4

Router

HSRP, VRRP

c

Legenda

Porta root

Porta designated

Porta Blocking


5 0 Piano

Edificio di 6 pianiSala server ubicata al piano terreno

105 m

60 m


SW-1Router

Rete geografica

192.168.10.0

192.168.11.0

192.168.12.0

192.168.13.0

192.168.14.0

192.168.9.0

Server

1 56

Switch e routerconnessi aporte access

SW

Layer 2 Switch

Multi-layer Switch

LEGENDA


Sw#vlan databaseSw(vlan)#vlan 2 name AmminVLAN 2 added: Name: AmminSw(vlan)#vlan 3 name VenditeVLAN 3 added: Name: VenditeSw(vlan)#vlan 4 name Gruppo-1VLAN 4 added: Name: Gruppo-1Sw(vlan)#vlan 5 name Gruppo-2VLAN 5 added: Name: Gruppo-2Sw(vlan)#vlan 6 name Gruppo-3VLAN 6 added: Name: Gruppo-3Sw(vlan)#vlan 7 name Gruppo-4VLAN 7 added: Name: Gruppo-4Sw(vlan)#exitAPPLY completed.Exiting....Sw#

Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/1Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2Sw(config-if)#exit……..Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/2Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3Sw(config-if)#exit……..Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/3Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 4Sw(config-if)#exit…….Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/4Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 5Sw(config-if)#exit……..Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/5Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 6Sw(config-if)#exit……..Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/6Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 7Sw(config-if)#exit

Fase 1: Creazione VLAN Fase 2: Definizione porte Access


Sw(config)#interface vlan 2Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.9.1 255.255.255.0Sw(config-if)#no shutdownSw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface vlan 3Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0Sw(config-if)#no shutdownSw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface vlan 4Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0Sw(config-if)#no shutdownSw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface vlan 5Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0Sw(config-if)#no shutdownSw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface vlan 6Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.13.1 255.255.255.0Sw(config-if)#no shutdownSw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface vlan 7Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.14.1 255.255.255.0Sw(config-if)#no shutdownSw(config-if)#exit

Fase 3: Assegnazione indirizzi IP alle interfacce virtuali (VLAN)


SW-1Router

Rete geografica

Server

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN4VLAN5

VLAN4VLAN2

VLAN5VLAN6

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN7

VLAN3VLAN2

VLAN5VLAN6

VLAN4VLAN2

VLAN5VLAN7

VLAN4VLAN5

VLAN 3 - 192.168.10.0VLAN 4 - 192.168.11.0VLAN 5 - 192.168.12.0VLAN 6 - 192.168.13.0VLAN 7 - 192.168.14.0

VLAN 2 - 192.168.9.0

VLAN - Subnet IP

Switch connessia porte trunk erouter a porta access

1 56


Sw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/1Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,4,5Sw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/2Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,4,5,7Sw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/3Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,3,5,6Sw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/4Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,3,7Sw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/5Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,4,5,6Sw(config-if)#exitSw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/6Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,3,4,5

Fase 2: Definizione porte Trunk


10.1.9.1 10.1.9.2

Router

Rete geografica

10.1.10.1

10.1.10.2

10.1

.1.1

(10.

1.1.

3)

10.1

.1.2

10.1

.2.1

10.1

.2.2

(10

.1.2

.3)

10.1

.3.1

(10

.1.3

.3)

10.1

.3.2HSRP/VRRP

SW-1 SW-2

SW

Layer 2 Switch

Multi-layer Switch

LEGENDA

1 2 3

4

3 2 1

4

5

SW-1 porta 1 Access (VLAN 4)SW-1 porta 2 Access (VLAN 3)SW-1 porta 3 Access (VLAN 2)SW-1 porta 4 Access (VLAN 5)SW-1 porta 8 Access (VLAN 7)

SW-2 porta 1 Access (VLAN 4)SW-2 porta 2 Access (VLAN 3)SW-2 porta 3 Access (VLAN 2)SW-2 porta 4 Access (VLAN 5)SW-2 porta 5 Access (VLAN 6)

810.1.20.1

A

B

C

Routing OSPF

Non c’è bisogno del

protocollo Spanning Tree!


RouterRouter10.1.9.1 10.1.9.2

Router

Rete geografica

10.1.10.1

10.1.10.2

10.1

.1.1

(10.

1.1.

3)

10.1

.1.2

10.1

.2.1

10.1

.2.2

(10

.1.2

.3)

10.1

.3.1

(10

.1.3

.3)

10.1

.3.2

HSRP/VRRP

1 2 3

4

3 2 1

4

5810.1.20.1

A

B

C

Routing OSPF


SW-1(config)#interface vlan 2SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 preemptSW-1(config-if)#standby 8 priority 105SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 ip 10.1.1.3SW-1(config-if)#no shutdownSW-1(config-if)#exitSW-1(config)#interface vlan 3SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0SW-1(config-if)#standby 9 preemptSW-1(config-if)#standby 9 ip 10.1.2.3SW-1(config-if)#no shutdownSW-1(config-if)#exitSW-1(config)#interface vlan 4SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 preemptSW-1(config-if)#standby 10 priority 105SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 ip 10.1.3.3SW-1(config-if)#no shutdownSW-1(config-if)#exitSW-1(config)#interface vlan 5SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.9.1 255.255.255.252SW-1(config-if)#no shutdownSW-1(config-if)#exitSW-1(config)#interface vlan 7SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.20.1 255.255.255.252

SW-1: Assegnazione indirizzi IP e configurazione HSRP

Candidato Active

Candidato Active

Candidato Standby


SW-2(config)#interface vlan 2SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0SW-2(config-if)#standby 8 preemptSW-2(config-if)#standby 8 ip 10.1.1.3SW-2(config-if)#no shutdownSW-2(config-if)#exitSW-2(config)#interface vlan 3SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.2.2 255.255.255.0SW-2(config-if)#standby 9 preemptSW-2(config-if)#standby 9 ip 10.1.2.3SW-2(config-if)#standby 9 priority 105SW-2(config-if)#no shutdownSW-2(config-if)#exitSW-2(config)#interface vlan 4SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.3.2 255.255.255.0SW-2(config-if)#standby 10 preemptSW-2(config-if)#standby 10 ip 10.1.3.3SW-2(config-if)#no shutdownSW-2(config-if)#exitSW-2(config)#interface vlan 5SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.9.2 255.255.255.252SW-2(config-if)#no shutdownSW-2(config-if)#exitSW-2(config)#interface vlan 6SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.10.1 255.255.255.252


Candidato Active

Candidato Standby

Candidato Standby


SW-1: configurazione di routing OSPF

SW-2(config)#interface vlan 5 SW-2(config-if)#ip ospf cost 8SW-2(config)#exitSW-2(config)#router ospf 1SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.9.0 0.0.0.3 area 40SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 40


Router(config)#router ospf 1Router(config-router)#network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 40……….

Router: configurazione di routing OSPF

SW-1(config)#interface vlan 5 SW-1(config-if)#ip ospf cost 8SW-1(config)#exitSW-1(config)#router ospf 1SW-1(config)#redistribute connectedSW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.9.0 0.0.0.3 area 40


Router

Rete geografica

10.1.10.1

10.1.10.2

Protocollo spanning tree

HSRP/ VRRP

SW-1 SW-2

Layer 2 Switch

Multi-layer Switch

LEGENDA

1 2 3

4

3 2 1

4

5

SW-1 porte 1,2,3,4 TrunkSW-1 porta 8 Access (VLAN7)

SW-2 porte 1,2,3,4 TrunkSW-2 porta 5 Access (VLAN6)

SW-1 VLAN 2 IP addr 10.1.1.1SW-1 VLAN 3 IP addr 10.1.2.1SW-1 VLAN 4 IP addr 10.1.3.1SW-1 VLAN 7 IP addr 10.1.20.1

SW-2 VLAN 2 IP addr 10.1.1.2SW-2 VLAN 3 IP addr 10.1.2.2SW-2 VLAN 4 IP addr 10.1.3.2SW-2 VLAN 6 IP addr 10.1.10.1

810.1.20.1

A

B

C

B.P

245

76

B.P

286

72

Routing OSPF

SW

6 6

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Trunk

Trunk

c

Porta root

Porta designated

Porta Blocking


Router

Rete geografica

10.1.10.2

Protocollo spanning tree

HSRP/ VRRP

1 2 3

4

3 2 1

4

5810.1.20.1

A

B

C

Routing OSPF

Router 10.1.3.1

10.1.2.110.1.1.1

10.1.10.1

Router10.1.3.2

10.1.2.2

10.1.1.2

6 6

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Trunk

Trunk

c

Legenda

Porta root

Porta designated

Porta Blocking


Router

Rete geografica

10.1.10.2

10.1.20.1

Router(SW-1)

10.1.3.1

10.1.2.1

10.1.1.1

10.1.10.1

Router(SW-2)

10.1.3.2

10.1.2.2

10.1.1.2

VLAN 3

VLAN 4

VLAN 2

10.1.1.0

10.1.2.0

10.1.3.0


SW-1(config)#interface vlan 2SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 preemptSW-1(config-if)#standby 8 priority 105SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 ip 10.1.1.3SW-1(config-if)#no shutdownSW-1(config-if)#exitSW-1(config)#interface vlan 3SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0SW-1(config-if)#standby 9 preemptSW-1(config-if)#standby 9 priority 105SW-1(config-if)#standby 9 ip 10.1.2.3SW-1(config-if)#no shutdownSW-1(config-if)#exitSW-1(config)#interface vlan 4SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 preemptSW-1(config-if)#standby 10 priority 105SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 ip 10.1.3.3SW-1(config-if)#no shutdownSW-1(config-if)#exitSW-1(config)#interface vlan 7SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.20.1 255.255.255.252SW-1(config-if)#no shutdownSW-1(config-if)#exit

Candidato Active

Candidato Active

Candidato Active



SW-2(config)#interface vlan 2SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0SW-2(config-if)#standby 8 preemptSW-2(config-if)#standby 8 ip 10.1.1.3SW-2(config-if)#no shutdownSW-2(config-if)#exitSW-2(config)#interface vlan 3SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.2.2 255.255.255.0SW-2(config-if)#standby 9 preemptSW-2(config-if)#standby 9 ip 10.1.2.3SW-2(config-if)#no shutdownSW-2(config-if)#exitSW-2(config)#interface vlan 4SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.3.2 255.255.255.0SW-2(config-if)#standby 10 preemptSW-2(config-if)#standby 10 ip 10.1.3.3SW-2(config-if)#no shutdownSW-2(config-if)#exitSW-2(config)#interface vlan 6SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.10.1 255.255.255.252SW-2(config-if)#no shutdownSW-2(config-if)#exit


Candidato Standby

Candidato Standby

Candidato Standby



SW-2(config)#router ospf 1SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 40


Router(config)#router ospf 1Router(config-router)#network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 40……….

Router: configurazione di routing OSPF

SW-1(config)#router ospf 1SW-1(config)#redistribute connectedSW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 40SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 40


10.1.9.1 10.1.9.2

Router

Rete geografica

10.1.10.1

10.1.10.2

10.1

.1.1

(10.

1.1.

3)

10.1

.1.2

10.1

.2.1

10.1

.2.2

(10

.1.2

.3)

10.1

.3.1

(in

d. I

P v

irtu

ale

10.1

.3.3

)

10.1

.3.2HSRP/ VRRP

SW-1 SW-2

1 2 3

4

3 2 1

4

5810.1.20.1

A

B

C

Routing OSPF

D

E

F

Spanning tree #1

Spanning tree #2

Spanning tree #3

c

Legenda

Porta root

Porta designated

Porta Blocking


Router

Rete geografica

10.1.10.1

10.1.10.2

Protocollo Spanning tree

HSRP/ VRRP

SW-1 SW-2

1 2 3

4

3 2 1

4

5810.1.20.1

A

B

C

Routing OSPF

D

E

F

B. Priority 24576

B. Priority 28672

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Trunk

Trunk

Trunk

6 6

Trunk

Trunk

c

Legenda

Porta root

Porta designated

Porta Blocking


Router

10.1

.10.

1

10.1

.10.

2

HSRP/ VRRP

10.1.20.1

A

B

C

Routing OSPF

D

E

F

SW-1 8

9

1 2 3 4 5

VL

AN

3

VL

AN

4

VL

AN

5

VL

AN

6

VL

AN

7

SW-289

1 2 3 4 5

Dominio Spanning Tree

B. Priority 24576

B. Priority 28672

VL

AN

3

VL

AN

4

VL

AN

5

VL

AN

6

VL

AN

7

X Y

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nkTrunk

Trunk

Trunk

Trunk

Trunk


Edificio B

SW-1 SW-2 SW-2 SW-3

SW-9 SW-8 SW-7 SW-6

SW-11

SW-10

SW-4

SW-5

Comprensorio

Routing OSPF

Edificio A

Edificio E

SW-9 SW-8

Edificio D

Ed

ific

io F

Ed

ific

io C


Router

10.1

.10.

1

10.1

.10.

2

HSRP/ VRRP

10.1.20.1

A

B

C

Routing OSPF

D

E

F

SW-1 8

9

2

SW-289

2


B. Priority 24576

B. Priority 28672

X Y

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nkTrunk

Trunk

Trunk

Trunk

Trunk

VLAN 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 VLAN 3, 4, 5, 6, 7


Router

10.1

.10.

1

10.1

.10.

2

HSRP/ VRRP

10.1.20.1

A

B

C

Routing OSPF

D

E

F

SW-1 8

9

1 2 5

SW-289

1 2 5


B. Priority 24576

B. Priority 28672

X Y

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nk

Tru

nkTrunk

Trunk

Trunk

Trunk

Trunk

VL

AN

3,4

VL

AN

6

VL

AN

5,7

VL

AN

3,4

VL

AN

6

VL

AN

5,7

capitolo 10

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