page 1 Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

Carriage Museum of America-Library

ANNUAL NEWSLETTERLibrarian: Susan Green Post Office Box 417, Bird-In-Hand, Pennsylvania, United States of America 17505

Phone 717-656-7019 Fax 717-656-6251 Web-site www.carriagemuseumlibrary.org

We really don�t know all that we would like to know about footwarmers. We are hoping that our members can help by writing in with moreinformation. My great grand parents , farmers in Omemee, and my aunt andgrandmother as small children, when going to the town of Peterborourgh,Ontario, in the buggy, would heat a brick on the stove and wrap it in a blanket.This was probably the simplest solution, and it may have worked just as wellas many of the other ingenious ideas that people have had.

18TH CENTURY FOOT WARMERS.One of the earliest foot warmers that we found was a reproduction

by Peter Goebel, Goose Bay Workshops LLC of Bridgeville, DE, for anoctagonal shaped foot warmer of pierced metal, with a hinged door and an

ember tray dated 1725. During the 18th

century, a general style for footwarmers was a pierced tin box with ahinged door allowing access to theember tray. This tin box was oftenmounted in a wooden frame with a wirehandle or bail. Our search has shownthat there were several variations ofthese: wooden frames with plain

square pillars or turned pillars, justwooden frames on the top andbottom or a solid wooden box withpierced holes. Holes punched in thewood or tin were often done in apattern: hearts, birds, the federaleagle, or geometric shapes.

These early foot warmers are most often spoken of as being carriedto church, and people stopped at nearby taverns and homes to replace theirsupply of embers. Besides embers being carried in these tin and woodenboxes, various church histories speak about hot bricks or stones being used.Early transportation in America required that people walked or rode a horse.It was only later when carriages were more in use that these foot warmers werecarried in the carriage when traveling. This style lasted until about 1820.

WILLIAM FELTON�S 1805 PATENT CARRIAGE-WARMER.The Patent Carriage-Warmer. The many fruitless attempts

that have been made to keep the carriages aired and the persons warmand pleasant while riding in them, induced the author of this work toattempt something that should answer that purpose, so long and muchdesired. Stone heaters, vessels filled with hot water, and many othercontrivances, have been introduced to keep the feet warm; but, with-

COLD FEET

out fire, a constant or sufficient heat could never be obtained. To clearthe carriage of damps it is more or less exposed to, to keep the per-sons riding therein in every part equally warm, and that so as entirelyto exclude vapour, is the object of this invention, which now fullyanswers every purpose required; and is in its principle so simple, thatit requires only to be seen to be approved. The approbation they havemet with from every person who has had them, as well as the follow-ing letter from an ingenious and eminent gentleman of the profession,will, it is presumed, satisfy every doubt that may be entertained of itsutility, besides the description annexed in Plate 60, will give a toler-able idea of its principle.

A modern light Coach, with the Patent Warmer.DESCRIPTION OF THE WARMER.

This warmer consists of a pan b to hold the fuel, and a heaterto convey the warmth within the carriage. The heater a is about 19inches square, and one and a half inch deep, having a grove on eachside for the draw to slide on; the draw is about four inches deep andten square, with holes at the bottom, edge, d on the fore-side, and asquare pipe-e on the back side, which conveys the vapour away, bythe current of air passing through. There is a false bottom, f full ofholes, except on the side next the air-holes of the draw, which is, toprevent the: embers falling through; at the front of the draw is a spring-bolt, which secures it when in its place; the heater is sunk level withthe bottom inside, and drops about half an inch below the bottom, andwhen fixed, it is impossible for air or vapour to pass through; thedraw need never be applied but when the fire is wanted. The heat maybe checked, and the fire putout by turning the fly-plate within the

pipe, as it stops the draft, which is done by a key from the inside, thatcan only be put in one way.

Dr. Pearson, having made a trial of the CarriageWarmer, waspleased to favour me with the following copied account from his own

Lawrence LaFrate, antique dealerdated this 18th century warmer

between 1725-1750.

Early foot warmer with turned corners,from Black Cat Collectibles.

Felton�s 1805 Warmer From Bodleian Library, Oxford University.

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writing. Leicester-square, Feb. 4, 1804.�Dr. Pearson must from justice inform Mr. Felton, that a jour-

ney during the cold weather of the present week, gave him the oppor-tunity of experiencing the effect of his PATENT CACARRIAGEWARMER, Or STOVE. He has much satisfaction in be-ing able to communicate, that in the points of comfort, economy, andfacility of use, Mr. Feltons invention has answered fully the expecta-tions excited by he account of it. The inconveniency apprehended byDr. Pearson, from the floor of the carriage being disagreeably hotover the grate, was not felt; for in that part the thermometer was but72o to 75o ; and in the other parts of f the floor it was 62o to 650. It wasfound quite easy to regulate the temperature of the air of the carriage:for by keeping the windows up it varied between 56o and 60o duringa journey of twenty-five miles; and by pulling the windows downfrom time to time, the temperature was reduced to 50o to 55o, theexternal air being below the freezing point of water. The floor of thecarriage being of these different temperatures in different parts, wasfound advantageous as according to the state of the feet, the mostsuitable degree of warmth may be obtained. There is another advan-tage too, not noticed, which is, that the floor of the carriage is keptquite dry by the stove, notwithstanding the frequent admission ofmoisture, by persons having occasion, in wet weather, to frequentlygo out and again enter the carriage. The comfort of the new contriv-ance, to persons who have cold feet and legs, and the benefit to thosewho labour under complaints requiring the lower extremities to bekept warm, are obvious from the account given of the temperatureproduced by the new contrivance. Hence invalids are now enabled toperform journies for many successive days and weeks, not only safely,but pleasantly, in the coldest seasons. Persons might sleep very com-fortably in the extremest cold weather, within a warmed carriage, andin some countries and situations a traveller would be thankful foraccommodation and such an apartment. From A Treatise On Carriagesand Harness; Being the Third Edition...by William Felton. London,1805, pages 68-71.

LAMP FUELED FOOT WARMERS.The lamp fueled foot warmers was first mentioned in carriage

builders� trade journals in October 1868; Coach Makers� InternationalJournal. :

�IMPORTANT INVENTION.�We learn by notices in the Albany, N. Y., papers that Mr. F. D.

Kennedy, of that city, has constructed a plan whereby sleigh riding can bemade pleasant in the coldest weather. If this invention is practicable, and canbe applied to the different kinds of sleighs with but nominal expense, itsintroduction will be hailed by the thousands who have heretofore complainedof the discomfort of sleigh riding in extreme cold weather. We insert adescription of it, as procured from the inventor, and trust it will be read with

interest: The heater iscomposed of sheet iron,and is placed between thesleigh runners just abovewhere the thills are at-tached. It consists of adouble chamber, whichadmits of cold air betweenits outer and inner sides,which keeps the heat fromtaking any effect on thewoodwork. The front ofthe chamber is made toopen and shut on hinges,

and giving access to the inside of the heater. In this door or cover is placed twosmall registers, by which the amount of air needed for heating is regulated. Theair thus passing is carried by the current directly through the lamp, whence itis admitted into the interior of the sleigh through a perforated iron plate orthrough a flue running underneath the floor of the sleigh. The feet, robes, &c.,are protected from immediate contact with the front plate by a netting of brassor other wire. The way is lighted from the sides or front of the chamber bysmall windows or bull�s eyes. This heater is adapted to every kind of sleigh,and there being no waste of heat, makes it very economical; in fact, for a fewcents per day one may be almost as comfortable as in his own parlor. It isheated from oil lamps so arranged as to exclude any offensive odors, and canbe supplied at a very moderate expense. Persons desiring further informationwill ad dress F. D. Kennedy, 36 Liberty street, Albany, N. Y., who, weunderstand, has applied for a patent.�

Although this was the only mention of lamp-fueled foot warmers inthe trade journals, it was quite a popular idea with inventors, and the patentoffice list the following patents starting in 1862:

Solomon Hunt, Danville, Indiana, No. 35,936 patented July 22, 1862 fueled by analcohol lamp.

Augustus Eckert, Trenton, Ohio, No. 46,649 patented March 7, 1865 combine lanternand cooking lamp.

Charles L. Palmer, Brookline, Massachusetts, No. 47,327 patented April 18, 1865portable gas foot warmer.

Alonzo Palmer, Hudson, Michigan, No. 49,433 patented August 15, 1865 lamp stoveand lantern combined.

Josias J. Andrews, Clyde, Illinois, No. 51,534 patented December 19, 1865 fueled bykerosene-oil or similar hydrocarbon oil.

Charles S. Merwin and Charles A. Metcalf, Dubuque, Iowa patented October 2, 1866combined foot warmer and reflecting lamp.

Charles R. Everson, Palmyra, New York, No. 59,374 patented November 6, 1866 fueledby kerosene-lamp.

N. H. Bruce, Forge Village, Westford, Massachusetts, No. 68,944 patented September17, 1867 fueled by a lamp.

Dinsmore Austin, Sheldon, Vermont, No. 94,060 patented August 17, 1869 fueled bya lamp.

Alfred Norton, Kokomo, Indiana, No. 114,466 patented May 2, 1871 fueled by a lamp,improvement in sleigh heaters, more of a stationary arrangement.

Thomas H. Price and Theodore F. Ward, La Fayette, Indiana, No. 149, 522 patentedFebruary 17, 1874 reservoir and burners for containing and consuming a suitableliquid hydrocarbon.

Abner C. Goodell Jr., Salem, Massachusetts, No. 192,067 patented January 9, 1877 usesa lamp stove.

Frank L. Stewart, Charleston, Maine, No. 196,497 patented August 27, 1877 heatgenerated by means of a lamp.

Maria E. Beasley, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, No. 202,919 patented March 6, 1878lamp chamber and water chamber.

John H. Robertson & Joseph E. Steger, New York, New York, No. 218,316 patented

May 14, 1879 lamp arranged under the floor.John J. Towle, Dixfield, Maine, No. 228,701 patented June 8, 1880 combined foot-

warmer and lantern.Joel Robinson, La Grande, Oregon, No. 271,364 patented January 30, 1882 cotton-

holder of the lamp.Jacob F. Gibson, Springvale, Pennsylvania, No. 301,713 patented July 8, 1884 carriage

lamp and heater.Edward B. Elrod, Flora, Illinois, No. 316,252 patented April 21, 1885 lantern with oil-

reservoir.Jacob F. Gibson, Red Lion, Pennsylvania, No. 321,713 patented July 7, 1885 carriage

lamp and heater.T. Avery Long, Howard, Pennsylvania, No. 363,149 patented May 17, 1887 lamp-

holding receptacle.Edward A. Olmstead, New York, New York, No. 367,997 patented August 9, 1887

lamp box for three lamps.Helmit N. Dawson, Oak Hills, Kansas, No. 408,956 patented August 13, 1889 lamp

with spirit or oil.Patrick E. McKee, Royalton, Minnesota, No. 418,743 patented January 7, 1890 oil

lamps for heat.William A. Randle, Oakland, Alabama, No. 444,269 patented January 6, 1891 ordinary

lamp.Emanuel Richards, Goodland, Kansas, No. 457,214 patented August 4, 1891 lamp for

light and heat.Patented by F. D. Kennedy.

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WATER-FILLED METAL FOOT WARMERS.We have seen a variety of these from round to oblong, some copper,

some brass and tin used as metals to make them. This type of foot warmer didnot go unnoticed by inventors,who with their ingeniousminds, contemplated whatwould happen if you sur-rounded the hot water reser-voir with an insulating mate-rial or made chambers forwater. The following patentswere issued to these brainstormers:

Nathaniel Waterman, Boston, Massachusetts, No. 13,859 patented November 27, 1855wooden box water reservoir and cushion on top.

H. Forncrook, Elbridge, New York, No. 13,871 patented December 4, 1855 foot warmerwith hot air chambers.

H. G. Seekins & H. G. Seekins, Jr., Elyria, Ohio, No. 18,868 patented December 15,1857 outer compartment is filed with any nonconducting substance such ascoaldust, or sawdust.

Herman Hock & Jacob Zilz, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, No. 50,123 patentedSeptember 26, 1865 the outer materials consisting of carpeting, plush, velvet, etc.the reservoir is filled with hot water or hot sand.

William Heissenbuttel, Brooklyn, New York, No. 144,095 patented October 28, 1873metal container for water but made a special shape so feet wouldn�t slip when

Tin Foot Warmer for Holding HotWater, Martin�s Auction, May 2000

William M. Carri, Edward B. Hahn & Joseph B. Jackson, Tyrone, Kentucky, No.463,094 patented November 10, 1891 fluid-reservoir for lamp.

Hiram F. Thompson, Mayfield, Ohio, No. 465,586 patented December 22, 1891lantern-case light and heat.

Andrew E. Jones, Richmond, Indiana, No. 471,866 patented March 29, 1892 lamps forlight and heat.

William Eugene Ulmer, Hoquiam, Washington, No. 492,247 patented February 21,1893 electric lamps for heat.

John Broderick, Fulda, Minnesota, No. 523,567 patented July 24, 1894 small lamp.Isham Boyd and Benjamin Hardesty, Eminence, Kentucky, No. 525,252 patented

August 28, 1894 uses vapor burner.Thomas H. C. Beall, Cicero, Indiana, No. 554,106 patented February 4, 1896 lamp for

heat.Charles S. Clark & Henry H. Baltzley, Assumption, Illinois, No. 607,160 patented July

12, 1898 oil reservoir.Franz Burger & Henry M. Williams, Fort Wayne, Indiana, No. 618,199 patented

January 24, 1899 heat source is oil, electric or other to heat water with caustic soda.John V. Kirkland & Robert Samuel Kirkland, South Fulton, Tennessee, No. 619,045

patented February 7, 1899 lamp for light and heat.Charles H. Whitaker, New York, New York, No. 627,555 patented June 27, 1899 lamp

to heat hot water.August Meyer & William C. Meyer, Addieville, Illinois, No. 628,182 patented July 4,

1899 fuel used is a liquid hydrocarbon�such as gasolene, kerosene, petroleum.John T. Cole, Malmaison, Virginia, No. 690,836 patented January 7, 1902 heat source

a lamp.Joel P. McAbee, Piedmont, Alabama, No. 701,756 patented June 3, 1902 heat source a

lamp.Gabriel Franklin Ray, Meeker, Colorado, No. 736,633 patented August 18, 1903 burner

and wick-tube.Charles Hurlbut Whitaker, Bordentown, New Jersey, No. 787,245 patented April 11,

1905 lantern for light and heat.John A. Shutz & Madison L. Kirkman, Richmond, Indiana, No. 870,648 patented

November 12, 1907 elaborate system of pipes, supply tank with gas burner, usedfor rural delivery wagons, etc.

Theodore B. Woodward, Norway, Pennsylvania, No. 800,778 patented October 3, 1905

uses a regular lamp.

WATER-FILLED CERAMIC FOOT WARMERS.We do not know much about Ceramic Foot warmers, other than

they seemed to have been very popular. No doubt a pottery expert could fillup a small booklet with information about the different techniques and glazes.

Underneath the muff is acompartment for a metal resvoir to

hold hot water according topatents #s 13,859, and 50,123.

Top view of foot warmerwith muff lined with fur.

Martin�s AuctionLebanon, PA

May 2004

Martin�s AuctionLebanon, PA

May 2004

page 4Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

riding.Herman Sack, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, No. 325,116 patented August 25, 1885 box

above hot water reservoir is lined with sheepskin, felt, fur, etc.Alice A. Whipple, Providence, Rhode Island, No. 490,091 patented January 17, 1893

special shape for carriages rather like a hot water bottle, but constructed of metal.Clara A. Penniston, New York, New York, No. 497,600 patented May 16, 1893 bag

made of rubber to contain hot water.Henry William Earl, Earlton, Maryland, No. 538,953 patented May 7, 1895 box with

separate chambers for feet surrounded by hot water and lined with vulcanized

rubber, felt, etc.

SOAPSTONE FOOT WARMERS.Soapstone is a material that is

quarried like granite and marble with itsprimary components: magnesite, dolomite,chlorite, and talc. Soapstone that is almostentirely talc is known as steatite. Because itfeels soapy when touched it was given thename soapstone. Soapstone has a remark-able characteristic for heat retention andwill slowly radiate heat evenly long afterthe heat source is taken away. Because ofits softness, it could be used over and overagain without breaking.

The following patents wereissued for foot warmers that usedsoapstones:

John B. Craig, Perrysville, Pennsylvania, No. 144,445 patented May 5, 1873 a iron case.George A. Beach, Chicago, Illinois, No. 390,153 patented September 25, 1888 a register

that takes up the whole floor space of the carriage, warmed by soapstone.Sarah A. Harryan, Sedalia, Missouri, No. 421,930 patented February 25, 1890 two

different soapstones are placed in case and folded up.Helena Hermans, Tacoma, Washington, No. 660,957 patented October 30, 1900

flexible case with asbestos lining.Charles H. Boeck, Jackson, Michigan, No. 803,545 patented November 7, 1905 case

with a stand for resting feet.Note: For newly quarried soapstone there is Vermont Marble, Granite, Slate &

Soapstone Co., in Killington, Vermont.

CARBON BRICK FOOT WARMERS.Probably the foot warmer that most people think about for carriages

and sleighs was popular during the early 1900s. It was a metal container withcarpet, which had a drawer on the end for inserting a special brick. The firstmention of this type that we found was in January, 1877 (Hub) and inFebruary, 1877 (Carriage Monthly). Both referring to a new foot warmer forcarriages invented by Mr. Cassinelli, of Italy. �This improved heater is madeof heavy galvanized sheet-iron, either plain or ornamented, and is furnishedwith hot and cold air-chambers, and produces heat varying from 130' to 140'Fahr. The heat-generator consists of a patented compound, supplied in brickform, which is readily ignited and burns from six to ten hours. The brick isinserted in a receptacle that is suspended midway between the hot and cold air-chambers, where it is firmly secured by a spring. The compound, whileburning, gives off but little volatile matter, and consequently but little odor,which, it is claimed, is neither offensive nor unhealthy. Practical test shows thisto be a fact. So far as regards the liability of setting fire to clothing or thecarriage, there is not the least danger, as the fire is securely held in place, andthe heater itself will not ignite even a friction-match when laid upon itsexterior, as it will never reach a degree of heat greater than the hand can bear.

�The heater is supplied in various sizes, the smaller sizes beingnearly diminutive enough to use as pocket-heaters, and are so made that theymay be carried by hand in a ventilated satchel, and placed under the feet whenentering any public conveyance, such as a stage or railway-car. The cost of thebrick, which lasts eight hours, is about eight cents, or one cent per hour.�

For some unknown reasons there does not seem to be any further

Box for Clark Carbon,Martin�s Auction, Nov.

1999.Clark Heater, CarriageMonthly, Nov. 1900.

mention of this type heater until November 1888 when we found an ad in theSunnyside for the Halsted Foot Warmer they claimed there foot warmerwould hold one brick of the Chemical Fuel, which would burn from 12 to 16hours. The Lehman�s Heaters (first put on the market in 1885) were alsoadvertised at this time with one piece of Lehman�s Coal giving a continuousheat for ten hours at nominal cost of two cents. The genuine Lehman Coal canbe extinguished with water and what is left used again. The Lehman Heatersold by Lehman Bros., of New York continued in popularity til the early 20th

century. In 1900 the company claimed that 135,000 of its heaters were in use,with 10,000 heaters and 500,000 pieces of coal being sold annually.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE OF THE LEHMAN HEATER.�Place a piece of Lehman�s coal in a brisk fire until it has become

red through and through, then take it out and leave it for a few minutes, untilthe little flame which appears has died away. Afterwards place it in the drawerof the Heater. When no more heat is required extinguish the Coal with water

and use it again when needed. A full cake of coal will heat from 12 to 13 hours.A third of a cake is sufficient for any ordinary use and will last from 6 to 8hours. Like a new stove, when first heated the Heater will emit a slight smokefor a few minutes, from the oil which is always upon new metal; after that thereis no more smoke or smell.

The runner up in popularity to the Lehman heater seems to havebeen the Clark Heater made by Chicago Flexible Shaft Co., Chicago, Illinois.

Martin�s Auction,Oct. 2003.

3 drawer No. 10Lehman Heater, called a

Florist�s Heater, andEspecially Adapted forDelivery Wagons, such

as Milk Wagons.

Soapstone with bail, collectionof Geroge Taylor.

page 5 Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

DONATIONS:Arnout van Cruyningen Prinsjesdag: Joop Berkhof., HollandCanadian Sleigh photos by Paul Bienvenue, Quebec.(2) Carriage Terminology by Don Berkebile: author.De Crème Calèche The Crème Calèche by L. L. M. Eekhout: Fa Stolk,

Netherlands.Hessink- Auctioneers translated to English: Joop Berkhof, Holland.Horse and Buggy Days by H. McGregor: R. F. Hadlow, Australia.Information on a Klondyke: Glenna J. Lober, IL.Kratonkoetsen op Java: Joop Berkhof, Holland.MenSport 2005 calandar: Joop Berkhof, Holland.North British Rubber Co., catalog: Ole Jespersen, Denmark.Norwegian Cariole Harness photos: Owen Best, VA.Observations On the Wheels of Carriages by James Walker, 1824: Owen

Best, VA.Photos of a Rockaway: Doris Randall, VT.Photo of Coaches Crossing On Ferry: Stewart Morris, Sr., TX.(2) Photos of Fire Horses in San Franciso, CA: Ellen Wrght, CA.Practical Home Veterinarian: Karen Del Principe, NY.Royal Stables of King Philip II: author Alejandro López AlvarezSpencer Spring Co., (seat spring), Jersey City, NJ.: Cy Gerde, IN.Tally-Ho, 1877: Owen Best, VA.Tally-Ho, 1877 typed notes : Gary Dycus, NY.Two name plates for George Delker, Henderson, KY: Frank Delker.U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Diseases of the Horse: Karen Del Principe.Voiture Omnibus print: Cy Gerde, IN.

DONATIONS OF TIME OR SERVICES:Augusta Carriage Museum, GADon Berkebile, PACarriage Association of America, KYMichael P. D�Amato, Esq., MAElam Fisher, PACy Gerde, INJohn Greenall, VTMartin Auctioneers, PA

Patrick Morgan, PAStewart Morris, Jr., TXBeth Schaffer, PAMelvin and Isaac Stolofzus, PAHarry Tucci, PAKen Wheeling, VT

ACQUISTIONS OF BOOKS:Account of His Excellence Roger Earl of Castlemaine�s Embassy, From His

Sacred Majesty James the IInd King..., 1688.**Account of Some Experiments On Wheel Carriages by Richard Edgeworth,

1788.Agricultural Mechanism... of the Vehicles, Implements, and Machinery,

Connected with Husbandry...by Thomas Williamson, 1810.Ancient Carriages by F. W. Fairholt, 1825.**Animadversions On the Use of Broad Wheels ... by Joseph Jacob, 1774.Carriage and Wagon Makers� Machinery and Tools by Cope, 2004.Cursory Remarks on the Subject of Wheel Carriages by John Cook, 1817.Chaiot Brisé by Le Large, 1719.Coach-makers� and Wheelwrights� Complete Guide by Charles Partington,

1825.Constructor, A Handbook of Machine Design by F. Reuleaux, 1906.Description of A New or Improved Method of Constructing Wheel

Carriages; to Which are Prefixed, Some Observations on WheelCarriages In General by J. T. Koster, 1818.

Descriptions of Some of the Utensils in Husbandry, Rolling Carriages, CartRollers, and Divided Rollers for Land or Gardens, by James Sharp,1765.

Diférentes Maniéres de Paver les Chemins by Le Large 1717.Drivers Up: the Story of American Harness Racing by Dwight Akers, 1947.*Essay on the Construction of Roads and Carriages by Richard Lovell

Edgeworth, 1813 & 1817.**East African Copal by Thomas Schluter, 1986.Empire on Wheels by Raymond Settle, 1949.Expériences sur le Tirage des Voitures, Faites en 1837 et 1838 by Arthur

Morin.F. A. Neider Co., Augusta, KY (Trimming Catalog).Field Artillery Tactics, Instruction for Field Artillery by Wm. H. French,

1864.Fourgon Brisé by Le Large, 1719.Handbook of Mechanical Spring Design, by Associated Spring Corp., circa

1945.Hey Diddle Diddle ... Ride a Cock Horse to Banbury Cross, circa 1950.Historic Wagon Drawings in 4mm scale by F. J. Roche, 1965.History of the Spring Industry by W. Peyton Fawcett, 1983.How to Paint by F. B. Gardner, 1875.**La Locomotion a Travers le Temps, les Moeurs et L�espace by Octave

Uzanne, 1912.La Ruota e la Strada by Arturo Uccelli, 1946.La Sellerie Francaise et Etrangere, reprint of 1878.*Laws of Contrast of Colour by M. E. Chevreul, 1861.**Learning to Drive Ponies by Janet Holyoake, 1948.*Linear Perspective by Joseph Ropes, 1868.**Memoir On Wheel Carriages...by Edward Kenney, 1752.Modern Blacksmithing and Horseshoeing by J. G. Holmstrom, 1910.Notes On the Construction of Carriages by Henry Richardson, 1878.**Observations On Stage-waggons, Stage-coaches, Turnpike-roads by Will-

iam Deacon, 1807.Observations On the Effects Which Carriage Wheels...by Alexander

Cumming, 1799.Observations On the Height of Carriage Wheels On the Compartive

A press release by the company in 1902 states that they have recentlyperfected a new process for manufacturing carriage-heater coal, and have justcompleted a new and modern plant, equipped with the latest labor-savingmachinery, for the turning out of this coal in the very largest quantities. Withthis new process the Chicago Flexible Shaft Co., guarantee every piece of coalthey made to burn perfectly and to give 25% more heat than any other coalheretofore made. The guarantees was printed on each box. The Clark Carbonas it was known would give off a heat for 12 to 15 hours. The carbon wasprepared by a special process and was formed into brickettes under ahydraulic press, exerting a pressure of 50 tons to the square inch, after whichall volatile gases were driven off by subjection to high temperature.

Other heaters of this type are the Petty Heater, manufacture byFairich Wheel Co., advertised in the Hub (October 1903), patent No. 750,060issued to Otis O. Petty, Olney, Illinois.

Elias Powell Sanders, Pana, Illinois was issued patent No. 787,403on April 18, 1905. The heat source that came with one of these heaters wasmarked with the word LAVA, which may have been just a brand name.

Other ways of keeping horse drawn vehicles heated would havebeen a small stove or foot warmer that had a fire box for fuel such as charcoal.

There were also specially designed non-heat-source foot warmers,especially designed muffs for your feet. There was one patent for staticelectricity, and a patent for a set of boots with a hose that you could blow yourhot breath down to the feet (the cold feet, warm heart foot warmer). Fortraveling in the coldest weather such as in Siberia it is recommended that onlyseal skin boats be worn.

page 6Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

Advantges of Employing One or Two Horses with One Carriage...by W. Wilks, 1814.

Old Pike: National Road by Thomas B. Searight, 1894.Old Santa Fe Trail the Story of a Great Highway by Henry Inman, 1897.On the Box Seat: From London to Lands End by James Hissey, 1886.Origin and Evolution of Transportation or the Genesis of the Railway

Carriage by Marshal M. Kirkman, 1912.Observations by Mr. Cumming, of Pentonville, ...Principal Improvements in

the Construction of Wheels; and How the Bending of the Axis, HasIntroduced in Succession, the Splay of the Wheels, the Dishing ofthe Spokes, and the Conical Rim; and, Generally, Pointing Out theReasons, That Rendered the Bending of the Axle, 1810.

Observations On the Effects Which Carriage Wheels, With Rims of DifferentShapes, by Alexander Cumming, 1797.

Picture History of American Transportation, Popular Mechanics�, 1952.Pocket book for Useful Formulae... by Guilford L. Molesworth, 1899.Public Transport by Christian Barman, 1949.Practical Mechanics by John Perry, 1886.Practical Treatise on the Manufacture of Colors for Painting.... by MM.

Fiffault, Vergnaud, and Toussaint, 1874.**Practical Treatise on Street or Horse-power Railways:... by Alexander

Easton, Philadelphia, 1859.Prices to Be Paid Journeymen, and Regulations Agreed Upon by the Master

Wheelwrights at a General Meeting Held November 1795.Proposals for the Amendment of the Roads, 1753.Reasons Against a Bill for Permitting Only Carriages with Broad Wheels, and

Those Drawn by Two Horses ..., 1755.Remarks On Conical and Cylindrical Wheels, Public Roads, Wheel Car-

riages, &c.... by William Deacon, 1808.Riforma de Carri di Quatro by Luigi Rizzetti, 1785.Royal Carriages, Treasures of the Armoury by L. Kirillova, 2000.Sheldon Axle Co., Leaf Spring Manual, 1912.Sheldon Axle Co., Leaf Springs by David Landau, 1912.Some Brief Remarks Upon Mr. Jacob�s Treatise On Wheel-carriages by

Daniel Bourn, 1773.Some Observations On the Use of Broad Wheels..., 1765.Some Remarks On the Early Use of Carriages in England, and On the Modes

of Travelling Adopted by Our Ancestors, by J. H. Markland, 1821.Substance of an Argument In the Case of the Carriage Duties by John

Wickman, 1795.Transport by Land by Paul Redmayne, 1948.Treatise On Carriages III by William Felton, 1805.**Treatise On Ploughs and Wheel Carriages by James Small, 1784.Treatise On Road Legislation and Management by Richard Bayldon, 1857.Treatise On Wheel Carriages: or, Considerations, Comments, and Certain

Conclusions by David Meade Randolph, 1810.Treatise Upon Wheel Carriages by Daniel Bourn, 1763.United States Patent Law, 1875.**Ups and Downs of a Donkeys Life, 1876.Utility and Advantages of Broad High Wheel-Carriages... by Moses

Wickman,, 1755.Wells Fargo Advancing the American Frontier by Edward Hungerford, 1949.World Runnes On Wheels by John Taylor, 1630.**

ACQUISTIONS BOOKS: HACKNEY COACH FARES AND REGULATIONS.Act for Better Regulating Hackney-Coaches, Carts, Drays, Carrs, and

Waggons...,1716.Act for Better Regulating...Providing Fire Engines and Firemen; and

Regulating the Hackney-Coachmen, Chairmen, Carmen, andPorteres, within the City of Chester, 1761.

Act for Explaining the Acts for Licensing Hackney-Chairs, 1713.

Act for Licensing and Regulating Hackney-coaches and Chairs; 1710.Bill for Relief of the Eight Hundred Licensed Hackney-Coach-Men..., 1716.Bowles�s New London Guide, and Hackney-coach Directory, 1786.By-laws, Rules and Orders, for the Better Regulating of Hackney-coaches,

Chairs, Brewer�s, Drays, Carts and Carrs..., 1729 & 1749.Cab Service for Pennsylvania Railroad, circa 1900.Carriers Guide, and Companion...Fielding�s Hackney Coach Rates, 1760.Case and Petition of the Licensed Hackney Chair-men..., 1713.Case of Thomas Blunt...Eight Hundred Licens�d Hackney Coach-men, 1716.Case of the Unlicensed Hackney-chairmen..., 1711.Guide To Stage Coach, Diligences, Waggons, Carts..., 1783.Hackney Coachman; or, The Way to Get a Good Fare, 1796.London Directory; an Account of the Stage Coaches and Carriers..., 1779.London Companion: or, An Account of the Fares of Hackney Coachmen,

Chairmen, and Watermen, 1773.Orders, By-laws, and Ordinances, for the Good Government and Regulating

of the Persons Licensed to Keep and Drive Hackney-coaches...,1717.

Merchants and Traders Necessary Companion, 1715.Rates for Hackney-coaches and Chairs, 1711.Rules, Orders, and Bye-laws... Preserving Decency and Order, Among

Owners, Drivers, and Keepers of Hackney Coaches, Landaus,Chariots, Post-Chaises, Berlins, 1793.

Some Short Remarks On a Late Act for Licensing and Regulating Hackney-coaches, 1711.

Book of Coach-rates: or, Hackney-coach Directory, 1770.ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: EVENING SATURDAY:

At the Ascot Race, July 16, 1870.Morning Calls, July 30, 1870.Remembering the Parson,�Thanksgiving In the Olden Time, Dec. 3, 1870.

ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: FRANK LESLIE�S ILLUSTRATED NEWSPAPER.A Laplander in His Sledge, June 17, 1876.Brooklyn Ferry Boat, Feb. 15, 1894.Eighth Annual Exhibition of the U. S. Agricultural Society, Sept. 22, 1860.First Day of the Great Strike of Street-Railway Employees, March 13, 1886.How New York�s .... New Fifth Avenue Stages, Aug. 10, 1889.Incidents and Accidents of New Year�s Day New York, Jan. 18, 1873.John A. Dix, Governor of NY, Jan. 18, 1873.Lodge of Sorrow of the Ancient and Accepted Rite of Masons, New York,

Jan. 18, 1873.Making Lager Beer, Sept. 27, 1873.New York.�The �Mohawk� Catastrophe�Funeral, Aug. 12, 1876.Opening of Steinway & Sons� New Piano-Forte Manufactory, Sept. 22, 1860.Specimens of Milk Wagons, in the 16th and 39th Street Cow-stables, May 15,

1858.ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: GLEASON�S PICTORIAL DRAWING ROOM COMPANION.

Brattle Street Church, Boston (omnibus), July 30, 1853.Capital House.�Madison, WI, May 24, 1854.Christ Church, Salem Street, Boston (Ice Wagon), Sept. 3, 1853.Emperor of Russia�s Sleigh, Feb. 11, 1854.Fifth Universalist Church, Warren street, Boston (cab), Nov. 1853.Fine View of New Mammonth Street (omnibus), March 12, 1853.First Baptist Church... Boston (omnibus), Nov. 26, 1853.Franklin College, in Athens, Georgia, May 13, 1854.Genin�s New and Novel Bridge (omnibus), Dec. 25, 1852.Granite Palatial Store of Messrs. Cope & Co., Feb.18, 1854.Gujerat Village Cart, Aug. 19, 1854.Hallet, Davis & Co.s Piano-Forte (omnibuses), 1860.Hope Hose Carriage, of Philadelphia, Feb. 18, 1854.Horse Railroad Snow Plow, Boston Neck, Feb. 1860.

page 7 Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

Ice Harvesting, Dec. 29, 1855.Market Square, Portsmouth, NH, July 1853.Making the Covey, Oct. 21, 1854.Massachusetts State Prison (whip making), March 26, 1853.New Museum Building, at Madison, WI, April 15, 1854.New Regulation Uniform of the NY Police, 1860.Omnibuses, Jan.1, 1853.Panoramic View, Boston, March 18, 1854.Panoramic View, Boston, May 14, 1853.Panoramic View, New York, May 21, 1853.Panoramic View, New York, July 30, 1853.Park Street Church, Boston (omnibus), Sept 3, 1853.Philadelphia Exchange, Omnibus Depot, May 6, 1854.Proposed Elevated Railroad Terrace for Broadway, April 11, 1854.Representation of the Carriage and Horses Presented to Gen. Pierce..., March

5, 1853.Representation of the Exchange Hotel, New Orleans, Jan. 22, 1853.Representation of the Fete of Easter Week, in St. Petersburg, Russia, March

5, 1853.Russian Carriages, Dec. 9, 1854.Saint Paul�s Church, Tremont Street, Boston. (Street Cleaning), Nov. 12,

1853.Sleigh Racing On the Neck, Boston, MA, Jan. 28, 1854.South Baptist Church, Broadway, South Boston (Omnibus), Nov. 1, 1853.State Prison at Sing Sing, New York, Oct. 21, 1854.Sweden and Its National Costumes (sleighing scene), Aug. 13, 1853.Ten Mile Race for $10,000 at Centreville, LI, Nov. 26, 1853.Trinity Church, Summer Street, Boston (tandem), Nov. 5, 1853.Turkish Sultan�s Umbrella, Feb. 11, 1854.West Church, Lynde Street, Boston (omnibus), Oct. 29, 1853.Wheatland�Residence of Hon. James Buchanan, April 1, 1854.Whitehall, South and Staten Island Ferries..., Sept. 24, 1853.View of Haymarket Square, Boston, MA, 1860.View of New London, Connecticut, From the Shore Road, Nov. 4, 1854.View of the Naval Asylum, at Philadelphia, Aug. 6 1853.View of the Penitentiary, at Blackwell�s Island, NY, May 28, 1853.View of Main Street, Richmond, VA, April 23, 1853.View of the Celebrated Cyclops Steel Works, At Sheefield, England, Jan. 22,

1853.View of the Railroad Depot, Providence, RI, Jan. 8. 1853.

ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: GRAPHIC.A �Day in the Country,� July 21, 1877.A Well at Hastings. (Two donkeys), May 23, 1874.Bristish Burmah, April 17, 1880.Coming Motor Buses, June 18, 1898.Emperor of China Sledging, Jan. 19, 1895.Family Group at Sandringham, Jan. 25, 1896Gap in the Great Wall of China, March 30, 1895.Glasgow Illustrated, June 5, 1880.Going to a Picnic in Russia�A Friendly Race, Sept. 29, 1877.Invasion of Cuba (mules loading on a ship), June 25, 1898.Isaac Walton & Co., (men�s wear), June 4, 1898.Laplanders at the Westminster Aquarium, Dec. 1, 1877.Laplander�s Encampment on the Neva at St. Petersburg, Feb. 14, 1874.Loading an Ambulance Waggon After a Fight On the River Lom, Aug.18,

1877.Meet of the Malta Tandem Club, February 8, 1896.Opening of Parliament, Feb. 14, 1880.Passage of the Danube at Simnitza, July 14, 1877.Pneumatic Tyre Company, May 2, 1896.

Revival of Coaching, June 1, 1895.Royal Entry Into London, March 21, 1874.Season On the Riviera, March 21, 1896.Selamlik, or Sultan�s Procession to the Mosque, Feb. 8, 1896.Ticklish Team: A Departure in South African Coaching, Jan.12, 1895.

ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: HARPER�S BAZAR.Island of Cyprus�Disembarking Horses In the Roadstead of Larnica, Sept.

28, 1878.(5) Ladies fashion plates from 1881.(10)Ladies fashion plates from 1880.(3) Ladies fashion plates from 1878.(3) Ladies fashion plates from 1879.(9) Ladies fashion plates from 1873.Ladies fashion plate double page July 5, 1879.Ladies fashion plate double page Oct. 4, 1873.Ladies fashion plate double page Dec. 31, 1881.Ladies fashion plate double page April 17, 1880.Ostrich in Harness, March 22, 1873.Street Railway Car, March 2, 1878.Through London On an Omnibus, Nov. 23, 1889.

ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: HARPER�S WEEKLY.American Minister Starting for Pekin, Dec. 10, 1859.Between the Strike and the Family, June 8, 1872.Blockade on Broadway, Dec. 29, 1883Charles River Speedway Boston, Vol. 42.Columbia Centennial (horse street car), April 16, 1887.Conscription in Paris (Omnibus), May 19, 1883.Diamond Fields of South Africa (draft carts), July 20, 1872.Elephant Steeple-chase at Rangoon, Burmah, Oct. 23, 1858.Episode of the Horse Plague, Nov. 23, 1872.Fifth Avenue Bus, July 11, 1891.First Day of May in New York City, May 8, 1869.Funeral Rites of Henry Ward Beecher, March 19, 1887.Gardening For New York, August 25, 1883.Great Industry of Birmingham, Alabama.�Pig-iron Furance, March 26, 1887.Headquarters of Lieutenant-General Grant (horse street car) December 23,

1865.Heated Term�Distributing Ice Water, July 27, 1872.Incidents of the Milk War, April 7, 1883.Kings County Court House, Brooklyn (horse street car), March 4, 1865.Last Lot (gypsy wagon), Aug. 3, 1872London Fire-escape, Just Imported to NY, July 14, 1860.Milk and Its Adulteration�An Early Morning Inspection, March 25, 1882.Milk and What Comes of It, Dec. 11, 1869.Native Life in India, Feb. 20, 1858.New Building...(horse street car), Nov. 17, 1883.Ninety in the Shade, July 19, 1890.Omnibuses on Broadway, Feb. 18, 1860.Princess Marie and Prince Ferdinand Sleighing..., Jan. 21, 1893.Specimen of Chinese Country Carts, Dec. 10, 1859.Stable of the White House, April 17, 1869.�Straw� Ride in Ohio, Jan. 28, 1882.Street Car Murder, May 2, 1871.Transportation of Dressed Beef..., Oct. 28, 1882.View of the State Prison At Auburn, New York, Dec. 18, 1858.Wheat Harvesting in Dakota, July 30, 1887.

ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.Caravan Travelling in the Gobi Desert, Feb. 13, 1892.Farringdon-Street, North, Feb. 24, 1844.Freiston Shore Races, June 29, 1884.

page 8Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

ONLY 50 COPIES LEFT.Reprint of Fore�s Correct Representation of the State Proces-sion of the Occasion of the August Ceremony of Her Majesty�s

Coronation, June 28, 1838.Printed as a Colored Wallpaper Border Approximately 57' long,

and 4" high, divided into four sections. Reprinted by GagnéWallcovering, Inc., for the Carriage Museum of America--

Original copy donated by Richard Harrington, MA. Printingsponsored in part by Gloria Austin for the Austin Carriage

Museum, FL.Each 4-section package is $60.00 (plus $5.00 postage &

handling).

Gold-chained Chamberlain (Omnibus), Summer 1890.Great Joint Station..., Feb. 3, 1844.Picnic Party, at Ascot Races, June 8, 1844.

ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: NEW YORK ILLUSTRATED NEWS.Carriages on Which the Royal National Life-Boats..., Sept. 22, 1860.Great Two Mile Trot Between..., June 23, 1869.

ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: PHOTOS AND POSTCARDS.Ad for Kendall�s Spavin Cure.Berry Brothers Varnishes Advertisement.Color, Pair of Horses with Wagon.(3) Color of Horse Drawn Tram Car.Color, Peanutine Team At Old Orchard, ME.Color, Washington Wheat Harvest.Cuban Boy Driving Goat.(3) Dogs Pulling Milk Wagons.Farm Team and Oxen.Five Farm Teams.Formal Turnout of Pair with Groom.(2) Horses and Hay Wagon.(5) Milk Wagon.Oxen and Horse Hitch to a Wagon.Pair of Horses to Very Early Carriage, Weare, NH.(4) Pair With Runabout.(2) Pair of Horses With Wagon.Sand Hill Supply Co. (Conestoga wagon).Silver Die Cut of Horse from Textile.(14) Single Horse and Runabout .Single Horse with Wagon.Standing Top Surrey With Pair of Horses.Sugar Cane wagons in Cuba.Turpentine Still.Twelve Horse Team, Freighting in the Mountains.White & Gray Work Horses to a Wagon.(2) Work Horse Team To a Wagon.Work Horse Team To a Wagon Loaded with Sacks.Work Horse Team and Hitch Wagon.

ACQUISTIONS OF IMAGES: SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN.Hanging Fire Harness, March 1886.

Note: * The library has been active in acquiring books in 2005 and we nowhave copies of all the books on Jack Rittenhouse�s list of best 100 carriagebooks published in 1961.

**The library is now working toward completing the list of the bestcarriages books published by George Houghton in 1878 in the Hub. GeorgeHoughton, editor of the Hub was active in organizing the Carriage Builder�sNational Association, the Technical School for Carriage Draftsmen andMechanics in New York, and author of the Hub Dictionary of CarriageTerms.

Susan Green, Librarian has made a list of early books on wheels,and along with the help of the Ron Greig, editor of the Western CanadianWheelwrights Association we hope to get a bibliography together ofinformation for wheels and wheelmaking. If you can help with information foran annotated bibliography on wheels please let us know.

The collection of images has added much to our collection ofomnibuses, which at one time were seen in great numbers on city streets.

We wish to acknowledge the following libraries for helpingwith copies: University of Michigan, University of Maryland,University of Rochester, University of Manchester, Hagley Library &Museum, University of Virginia, Winterthur Library, and EighteenthCentury Collections Online.

REPRINTING OF VOLUME 15(April 1873 - March 1874) OF THE HUB.

Limited to 60 copies. $125.00. + 5.00 shipping

This is a very rare volume of the Hub not micro-filmed by the Library Congress and we know of only onecomplete original volume and this was used to fill in themissing information from the Carriage Museum ofAmerica�s collection.

IN THIS VOLUME.Four color plates.Large Fold-out Sheet of Costs of Repairing Vehicles.History of the Rubber Tire in Berlin, Germany.Articles by J. L. H. Mosier, Foreman Blacksmith, Brewster

Co.Series--Strength of Timber by John Anderson.Numerous Variety of Two-Wheeled Dog-carts.Merits of Full and Half Fifth-wheel.New Book-steps.Wesley Fallon�s Carriage Factory, St. Louis, MO.

ONLY 22 COPIESLEFT.

page 9 Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

PUBLICATIONS AVAILABLEA Collection Of Essays On Horse-Drawn Carriages and CarriageParts by Dr. Gordon S. Cantle. This is the foremost technical book inprint on the construction and engineering of carriage parts. $23.00

A Treatise On Carriages by William Felton. Reprinted from the 1794and 1796 editions, It was the only book printed in English for this timeperiod. An invaluable reference resource for people who want to studythis time period and the history of carriages. $70.00

Horse Drawn Sleighs by Susan Green for the Carriage Museum ofAmerica. A compilation of sleigh designs in old trade journals, this isthe only book ever published just about sleighs. $33.00

The Royal Mews by Mary Stewart-Wilson, Photographs by DavidCripps. This book is illustrated in full color, showing the English StateCarriages and stable. Outstanding photography of the harness andcarriages. $28.00

The Coson Carriage Collection At Beechdale. This is about one of thepremiere private carriage collections in the United States. It isillustrated with full color photographs and descriptions of the vehiclesby Thomas Ryder.(This collection has now been sold at auction.) $33.00

Wheelmaking : Wooden Wheel Design and Construction by DonPeloubet for the Carriage Museum of America. It is a compilation of thetechnical articles on wheelmaking from the old trade journals, showingmany wheel designs. $33.00

Working Drawings of Horse Drawn Vehicles. 100 engineeringdrawings for 20 different types of vehicles. The drawings come with atext and dimensions. $55.00. new edition.

Horse-Drawn Vehicles: Colored Plates from the Hub November1882 - January 1892. 150 colored plates with text reprinted from theold trade journal the Hub. Very useful book if you have questions aboutwhat colors vehicles were painted. $105.00 Become a friend of theCarriage Museum of America for $25.00 and we will send this book for$75.00. For a total of $100.00.

New on our web-site: www.carriagemuseumlibrary.orgPennsylvania Carriage and Wagon Makers.

Ice Industry and Ice Wagons.

Carriage and Wagon Axles for Horse-drawn Vehicles, compiled bythe Carriage Museum of America and edited by Don Peloubet. This is acompilation of articles on axle making taken from late 19th centuryjournals published in America. 250 pages. $33.00

Hitch Wagons for City Driving, compiled by the Carriage Museum ofAmerica. This book is the most detailed source of plans for heavyplatform express wagons. It includes: City wagons, stake trucks,furniture wagons, beverage wagons, parts of wagons. 392 pages.$50.00

Manual of Falling Bow Tops for Horse-drawn Vehicles. Compiledby the Carriage Museum of America. From the late 19th century tradejournals. It includes details for following tops: Buggy tops, tops fordrop-front phaetons, close tops, extension tops, landau tops, landaulettops. 440 pages. $75.00.

Horse-drawn Cabs. A spiral bound notebook of historical facts,engineering drawings, and construction details, and turnouts as theyhappened in the 19th century. $30.00.

Horse-drawn Funeral Vehicles--19th Century Funerals. This is themost comprehensive book to be published on horse-drawn funeralvehicles--hearses, undertakers� wagons, embalmers� wagons, pall-bearers� coaches, and florists� wagons--with specifications andengineering drawings for the different vehicles. $42.00.

Horse-drawn--Military, Civilian, Veterinary--Ambulances. Thearchives of the Carriage Museum of America has provided thefoundation for yet another unique book for horse drawn vehicles,focusing on ambulances. Including engineering drawings and thehistory of ambulances. $40.00.

Prices include postage in the United States, Pennsylvania residentsmust add .06% sales tax.

No billing or credit cards please. Check or money orders acceptedby mail. Books can be ordered on-line at

www.carriagemuseumlibrary.orgCarriage Museum of America

Post Office Box 417Bird-In-Hand, Pennsylvania 17505

United States of America phone 717-656-7019NAME_____________________________________

ADDRESS_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

CITY__________________STATE_________ZIP__________________________

please print or write clearly

Chariot or demi-landau, A Treatise On Carriages.

Forthcoming book with your supportSprings for Horse-drawn Vehicles.

page 10Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

CARRIAGE MUSEUM OF AMERICA.Making the best of what you have, and being the best at it. The

Carriage Museum of America (CMA) was formed in 1978 as a non profit501 c 3 organization to protect and preserve historical assets related tothe carriage industry. The major contributors of funds, books andcarriages were Ken Sowles of Maine, Stewart Morris, Sr. of Texas andRichard McRae of Mississippi. When Tom Ryder retired as editor of theCarriage Journal his library was purchased and Ken Sowles donatedpart of his large carriage collection.

Through the generosity of Dinwiddie Lampton, Jr. ofBeechdale Farm, in Bird-In-Hand, Pennsylvania, the CMA has beenable to lease a house for maintaining the library collection, and storagefor the carriages. While there are a number of carriage museums andcarriage libraries around the country there wasn�t anyone taking up thecause to organize and publish technical information on carriages. TheCMA now ships its books all over the world. One of our most popularbooks is Working Drawings of Horse-drawn Vehicles, as it is the onlyplace you can get some of the information for spring sizing which wascalculated to one-sixteenth of an inch.

The CMA has 15 publications to its credit, 5 of which have soldout. The newest book ready to go to the printer is �Springs for Horse-drawn Vehicles.� Susan Green, the librarian for CMA has been theproject director of this new book along with Don Peloubet�s help. Theyhave completed the most comprehensive book on the subject, with thereprinting of all the articles on springs from the Hub and CarriageMonthly. One of the things that has been a mystery to us about springs,is how did they know how to calculate the spring sizing out to a sixteenthof an inch? We found some references by carriage builders to railroadengineers and we have tracked this information down and included it inthe book.

During its 27 years of operation the CMA has accomplishedmuch. The library has answered questions from across the United Statesand helped people in different parts of the world.

The collection of 34 carriages is refined to vehiclesrepresenting exceptional examples of technology, history andcraftsmanship, and is currently in storage.

THE CMA IS ON THE MOVE.The Carriage Museum of America is on the move. The trustees

of the CMA have accepted an offer from Mr. William S. Morris, III ofAugusta, Georgia to house the carriages of the CMA. Mr. Morris, ofMorris Communications, is renovating two buildings two stories highdowntown Augusta, for a state of the art Carriage Museum to open in thenear future.

Mean�while the the library of the Carriage Museum of Americacontinues as usual while the details of where to move it are being workedout. One option is to move it to the Kentucky Horse Park, Lexington,Kentucky, as a temporary plan while a long range plan is worked out.There is currently limited space at the KHP.

VISION.We know that to not build a bridge from today forward would

be a regrettable mistake. Many individuals over time have recognized thevalue and need and have independently taken on this task. Theseindividuals have been the bridge between an era when books, artifacts,and carriages were worthless clutter to today when these same items arenow fast becoming our only source of information to the past. Each yearthere are fewer and fewer people and artifacts remaining in originalcondition that we can draw on for first hand knowledge. The CMA willserve as that bridge.

CARRIAGE MUSEUM OF AMERICA-LIBRARY, HOURSDue to moving the library of the Carriage Museum of America is

currently boxed up. We are still able to send out new book orders and bereached by phone at 717-656-7019 from 8:00 AM to 3:00 PM (E.D.T.) onweekdays. The office is closed during the Martin�s Carriage Auctions inLebanon, Pennsylvania. Stop by the CMA booth and see the librarian.

THANK YOUTo Donna, Tonya and Julie of Village Press and YPI who

with great patience get us through those computer problems.

CMA COMMITTEES:Stewart Morris, Jr., Chairman of Strategy CommitteeJohn Greenall, Chairman of Finance.Harry Tucci, Chairman of the Audit and Carriage Moving Committees.Kenneth Wheeling, Chairman of Curatorial Committee.

VOLUNTEERS OF THE YEAR.Michael P. D�Amato, Esq., who helped financial with the

printing cost of the book and flyers for: Horse-drawn FuneralVehicles�19th Century Funerals. He order boxes for sending thebooks and sent out flyers advertising the book.

Cy Gerde recruited volunteers and donors so that no CMAfunds were spent on the move to Augusta for the carriages.

Harry Tucci organized and presided over a very successful,safe move of the 34 carriages and 21 pallets of the CMA items toAugusta, Georgia.

GIFT TO MOUNT VERNON�S STABLE.Stewart Morris, Sr., Has generously donated $30,000 to the

Carriage Museum of America, $27,000 of which was a restricted giftthat was donated by the Carriage Museum of America to MountVernon, George and Martha Washington�s home for the restoration oftheir coach house. Mr. and Mrs. Morris, Sr., have been long timesupporters of Mount Vernon and the Carriage Museum of America.Mr. Morris, Sr., is a life member of the Carriage Museum of Americahaving contribute $100,000 along with the Horace (Ken) Sowlescontribution of $100,000 and the Richard McRae contribution of$50,000 to help start the CMA endowment. The coach house complexbuilt in 1782 at Mount Vernon houses a very rare 18th Century Coachand two riding chairs. During Washington�s time it was used to keep�best of his best� horses close to the mansion and to provide space andfeed for horses belonging to his many guests. The work on MountVernon�s stable will include replacing the roof with cypress shingles,replacing comprised bricks, new motar and re-pointing. The stable�srestoration is scheduled to be completed in late 2006.

BREWSTERS ADDED TO COLLECTION.The CMA board of Trustees has accepted the very generous dona-

tion of the Robert Fletcher Collection of carriages including some Brewsters.� Our thanks to Mr. Fletcher.

E-MAIL ADDRESSES PLEASE.Our mailing cost keeps growing � if you wish to help us save cost

or receive our periodic officer�s and library reports, please send us your e-mail address. Our email address is sg@carriagemuseumlibrary.org.

page 11 Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

FRIENDS OF THE CARRIAGE MUSEUM OF AMERICA-LIBRARY

THANK YOUThe Carriage Museum of America recognizes the following peoplefor their support and help: Martin Auctioneers, Michael P.D�Amato, Esq., Mr. Dinwiddie Lampton, Jr. for his very generoussupport and use of his facilities at Beechdale Farm. The followingpeople have helped finance the trucking of the carriages to Augusta:Harry Tucci, Dr. Bill Cook, Stewart Morris, Jr., Mary Waller, LindaKennard, Gloria Austin.

Life ($50,000 or More)Richard McRae, MSStewart Morris, Sr., TXSowles Family, ME

Others ($30,000 or More)Stewart Morris, Sr.

Others ($5,000 or More)Michael P. D�Amato, Esq.

Patron ($1,000 or More)William S. Cook, M.D., MSLinda Kennard, KYCarolyn & Lowell Larson, WIStewart Morris, Jr., TXJ. V. & Roma Renfro, TNHarry J. Tucci, Sr., PAMary S. Waller, MA

Sponsor ($500 or More)Michael P. D�Amato, Esq., MAAustin, Gloria, FLJohn J. Donnelly, Jr., PAElizabeth Whitcomb Lampton, KYLinda Kennard, KYPaula Knickerbocker Foundation, IDJanet Sidewater, PAFrank Swords, MSHarry Tucci, PAMary Stokes Waller, MAJohn P. White, NJ

Sustaining Member ($100 or More)Dennis & Betsy Aufdenkamp, CABlaise A. Anello, CTJ. Samea Baker, PAJoe Bawell, PAThomas Beck, IDKatrina H. Becker, SCOwen Best, VAMr. & Mrs. L. Clay Camp, Sr., VACarriage Homes Mary�s Mt., PACarriage Machine Shop, PAJimmy Chancellor, TNBarbara D. Chapman, MIBruce Chase, MAChurchwell�s Brentwood Center, NCLisa & Albert Cosand, CAMr. & Mrs. Jack Day, MDEddy Dentino, AZDon Cornett Wheel Shop, GA

Edwin W. Dunkelberger, PAEllie Ferrari, CABob & Marybeth Goree, AZJohn Greenall, VTDavid B. Jasie, AZErik & Mary Jensen, COKeystone Pontiac Oakland Club, PARobert E. Lanier, GAA. L. Lewis, GACarol M. Lyden, NYRoberta O�Dell, PAMelanie Maasdam, IASut & Margaret Marshall, NHGlenn McGirr, COEdgar & Mary Moody, TNRoger & Susan Murray, OHTina Woldow Rutan, PALeigh M. Semilof, NYDr. & Mrs. Robert Sonnemaker, MOJohn Sowles, MEMyrna H. Smucker, PAMarcia Leavy Stemm, CTKenneth A. Toohe, Sr., VAUnknownThomas H. Wentz, III, PACarol M. Yates, MI

Members ($25 or More)Harold & Karen Alexander, COJohn G. Atherton, KSArly Barton, CAPolly Bassett, MAGwenyth Bassetti, WACharles Becker, SCJoop Berkhof, HollandJohn M. Bloss, COJasper Bond, MNJim & Sam Burnette, NCJames E. Cairns, ILRichard Castrina, PAJohn & Jacquelyn Cole, CABarry Cooper, CAElizabeth deForest, NHRalph Dotterer, Jr., PAMark Dreisbach, PAGary L. Dycus, NYTom Elliott, ARRussel H. Etter, PAFarnam Companies, Inc., AZSusan Fisher, OHKayo Fraser, MT

Marie Brewster Frost, CTCharles S. Garrett, GAJohn H. Gibbs, NJMyron Gittell, NYJack & Virginia Goodman, KYConstance L. Goracci, PAHelen M. Green, PABarbara Haertlein, NJGeorge Hatley, IDRaymond & Ann Hecht, NJVirginia E. Heffner, OHJames F. Henderson, INLynn Hewitt, VACharles Higham, CAMerrill Hogue, OHGains & Aileen Hopkins, MDCharlotte, Hoppe, CTJack & Susie Huddleston, INEleanor Hudson, PATed W. Hughes, VAStan Inman, MOWarren F. Kelleher, CAMrs. Cary Kennedy, NCP. Kimura, MIBonnie Kreitler, CTHarvey Lagasse, VADeborah A. Leavy, CTRobert J. Lee, PARoberta Leirer, COAnne Leonard, WYMary C. Lingenfelter, TXJack A. Lippincott, PALos Angeles Public Library, CADeborah Manasse, CTKenneth G. Marley, PAJane Ramsey Marsh, DERobert Matthews & Marcia Ukura, MNVicky McCaffrey, NYMorgan Carriage Works, CAStewart Morris, Jr., TXFloyd Nelson, MNDavid Nelson, NHMargaret Ann & Thomas Nesbitt, AZElam H. Nolt, PAGary Norwick, WIBill Nygren, FLMary Lou Opper, PAAnna Peranich, PADeborah Plengey & Trudie Lee, MEClayton E. Ray, VADennis J. Rich, CT

Claudette Robinson, NCWilliam A. Rodman, COKen Rundquist, ILRichard Sanderson, TXLewis Shroyer, VAL. E. Simpson, IAMaragaret Skalos, PAFreddie Smith, GATom Smith, TXDoreen H. Snyder, PAJohn Sowles, MEGary W. Spickler, MDChester Stegman, CAPaul J. Sutton, OHDerek E. Thomas, GAAnne F. Thorington, PAHarry Tucci, PARaymond W. Tuckwiller, WVJose A. Uria, FLRolf & Carol Van Schaik, VTStephen M. Waddell, MNG. R. P. Walker, SCGeorge E. Walls, DEMargaret Lindsley Warden, TNMrs. W. Bell Watkins, VAMrs. Roland S. Weber, CADon & Connie Werner, KSCharles Whitmore, NJJane Wylie, PACarl S. Zimmerman, MD

TrusteesJohn Greenall, VTStewart Morris, Sr., TXKen Wheeling, VTElizabeth Whitcomb Lampton, NYStewart Morris, Jr., Chairman, TXDr. William Cook, MSOwen Best, Secretary/Treasure, VAMary Waller, MAGloria Austin, FLHorace Davis, KYCy Gerde, President, INHarry Tucci, PAJerry Rider, AR, CAA President

AdvisorsJohn SowlesRoma Renfro, TNLinda Kennard, KY

Honary LifeDinwiddie Lampton, Jr., KY

BOOKS WANTED:If you would like to donate a book and have a bookplate with your name on it, the Carriage Museum ofAmerica has on their web-site a list of books theywould like for their library.

www.carriagemuseumlibrary.org

page 12Winter 2005 Carriage Museum of America-Library

The Expenses Are Mounting UP!--Please Help With A Donation!HELP PRESERVE THE PAST FOR THE FUTURE!!!!

Why become a member of theFriends of the Carriage Museum of America-Library?

***The CMA is an information center for horse-drawn vehicle scholars.***The CMA makes available more information on the subject of horse-drawn vehicles through its publications of books, than any other library. ***The CMA has a full time librarian to answer your questions and mail order requests. ***Friends of the Library receive the annual Newsletter, with a feature article and information about the CMA

activities.***You are helping to preserve the history and technology of carriages for the future.

........Life $50,000.00

.........Patron $1,000.00

........Sponsor $500.00

........Sustaining Member $100.00

........Member $25.00The CMA is a non-profit 501 (c) 3 corporation and donations are tax deductible. The official registration and financial information of theCarriage Museum of America can be obtained from the Pennsylvania Department of State by calling toll free within Pennsylvania 1-800-732-0999. Registration does not imply endorsement.

Carriage Museum of AmericaPost Office Box 417Bird-In-Hand, Pennsylvania 17505United States of Americaphone 717-656-7019web site: www.carriagemuseumlibrary.org

NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION

U. S. POSTAGE PAID

BIRD-IN-HAND, PENNSYLVANIA

PERMIT NO. 1

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ISSN 1551-9139