CausesofWorldWarII

Interac(vePowerPoint

WorldWarII:MainCauses

WorldWarII1939-1945

RiseofDictators

GermanAggression

PolicyofAppeasement

FailureoftheLeagueofNa?ons

MindMapBreak#1

• Whowerethedictators?• Wherearetheyfrom?• Whatweretheiragendas?

GermanAggression

TheriseofHitlerandtheNaziParty

There-militariza?onoftheRhineland(1936)

Theannexa?onofAustria(1938)

Czechoslovakia(1939)

TheMunichAgreement

MindMapBreak#2

•  Listthe5areasindica?veofGermanaggression

•  Createbranchesfor:– When– Where– Why– Response

•  1936: Hitlersendstroopsbackintothe Rhineland(viola?onofVersailles)

•  BritainandFrance’sresponse?– Donothing*– Why?

*2yearslater…

TheRe-militarizaDonoftheRhineland

•  1938: HitlermovestroopsintoAustria,takingoverthecountry•  BritainandFrance’sresponse?– Donothing– Why?

AnnexaDonofAustria

TheSudetenland:•  WesternregionofCzechoslovakia,borderingGermany– LargeGermanpopula?on– GiventoCzechoslovakiaa\erWWI

•  Hitlerwantedthisterritory!

Czechoslovakia

1938:HitlerthreatenedtoinvadetheSudetenland

MunichAgreement– Britain&Francerespond– CalledaconferenceinMunichtonego?ate– AgreetogiveHitlertheSudetenlandwiththepromisehewouldnotinvadetherestofCzechoslovakia

– ThiswasthefinalstepintheappeasementofHitler

Czechoslovakia

Architect: NevilleChamberlain(Bri?shPM)Idea: Giveanaggressor(Hitler/Germany)

whathewantsinordertoavoidwar

PolicyofAppeasement1936-39

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•  Defini?onofAppeasement•  Purpose•  Nazi-SovietNon-AggressionPact– Defini?on

•  Result•  BritainandFrance’sResponse

ChamberlainspeakstothecrowdatHestonAerodrome•  September30,1938

Chamberlain–“peaceforour?me”

March15,1939– HitlerinvadestherestofCzechoslovakia– AnotherwarinEuropeisimminent

TheFailureofAppeasement

•  HitlernowwantstouniteEastPrussiawiththerestofGermany(territorylosta\erWWI)

•  Problem:GermanywouldhavetoinvadePolandtogettoEastPrussia–threattotheSovietUnion

•  Solu?on:Nazi-SovietNon-AggressionPact– August,1939– AnagreementbetweentheSovietUnion&Germany– Neitherwouldahacktheotherifeitherwenttowar–  PlannedtodividePolandbetweenthem

Nazi-SovietNon-AggressionPact(1939)

•  Whydidtheysignthispact,whentheNazisandtheCommunistshatedeachother?–  ItgaveGermanyprotec?onfromhavingtofightatwo-frontwarinthesoon-to-beginWorldWarII–  TheSovietUnionwasawardedland,includingpartsofPolandandtheBal?cStates

Nazi-SovietNon-AggressionPact(1939)

September1,1939:

GERMANYINVADESPOLAND!

TheResult

•  Britain&FranceordertheGermansoutofPoland

•  Hitlerdoesnotcomply–Britain&FrancedeclarewaronGermanyonSeptember3,1939

TheResponse

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•  Manchuria1931•  ItalyinvadesAbyssinia1935

JapanInvadesManchuria(1931)–  LeaguecondemnedJapan’sac?ons–  JapanwithdrewfromtheLeagueandcon?nueditsaggressiveexpansionofterritoryintoChina

ThiseventhighlightsweaknessofLeague

OtherIssues–FailureoftheLeagueofNaDons

ItalyInvadesAbyssinia(1935)•  Leagueimposedsanc?ons– BUT:notonoil!

Withoutoil,Italymayhavebeenstopped…

*FranceandBritainwerereluctanttosanc?onItaly–theywantedtoensureitssupportincaseofaworldwar.

OtherIssues–FailureoftheLeagueofNaDons

•  RiseofDictatorships(review)• Russia,Germany,Italy

•  GermanAggression• Rhineland,Austria,Czechoslovakia,Nazi-SovietPact,Poland

•  Policyofappeasement•  FailureoftheLeagueofNa?ons

• Manchuria&Abyssinia

ToSumUp: