Ch.7EARLY CHINA1800 B.C. – A.D. 150

Art showing aristocrats in ancient China.

Chapter Preview- Main Ideas• Section 1- China’s First Civilizations:a) Civilization was shaped by geography. b) Dynasties ruled with strong armies.

• Section 2- Life in Ancient China: a) They had 3 social classes.b) A need for order led to 3 philosophies.

• Section 3- The Qin and Han Dynasties: a) Qin and Han dynasties create strong central

governments.b) Han dynasty inventions improved lives of Chinese.

Sec.1- TERMS

• Vocabulary: dynasty, aristocrat, pictograph, ideograph, bureaucracy, mandate, Dao

• People: Wu Wang (WOO WAHNG)• Places: Huang He (HWAHNG HUH) Chang Jiang (CHAHNG JYAHNG) Anyang (AHN-YAHNG)

Sec.1 Main Ideas

a) Civilization was shaped by geography:

• Rivers*- Huang He (aka: Yellow River or China’s Sorrow), Chang Jiang (Yangtze River)

• Seas- Yellow Sea, South China Sea, East China Sea• Mountains*-Himalaya, Tian Shan, Kunlun Shan, Altay,

Altun• Plateau- Tibet• Deserts*- Taklimakan, Gobi

b) Dynasties ruled with strong armies:

Shang Dynasty*- • Kings rule from about 1750 B.C. to 1045 B.C.• Built first Chinese cities• King in charge of defending kingdom• Descendants of Xia rulers (little known about these ancestors)

Zhou Dynasty*- • Kings rules from about • King in charge of defending kingdomDevelop irrigation and flood control system?Finish me, PUH-LEEESe!!!

Sec.2- TERMS

• Vocabulary: social classfilial piety (FIH-lee-uhl Py-uh-tee)Confucianism (kuhn-FYOO-shuh-NIH-zuhm)Daoism (DOW-IH-zuhm)Legalism

• People: Confucius (kuhn-FYOO-shuhs)Laozi (LOWD-ZOO)Hanfeizi (HAN-fay-DZOO)

Sec.2 Main Ideas

a) Early Chinese society had 3 social classes:• Aristocrats- Nobles whose wealth came from land ownership

• Farmers- Owned a small piece of land & grew food for their family

• Merchants- Shopkeepers, traders, & bankers; lived in towns that provided goods and services to the landowners

b) 3 Chinese philosophies developed from unrest:• Confucianism- Confucius taught that people needed a sense of duty

to their family and community in order to bring peace to society• Daoism- Laozi taught people how to behave by giving up worldly

desires in order to create a peaceful society; aka Taoism??• Legalism- Hanfeizi taught that humans are naturally evil and therefore

need to be ruled by harsh laws

Sec.3 TERMS

• Vocabulary: acupuncture• People:

Qin Shihuangdi Liu BangHan Wudi

• Places:GuangzhouSilk RoadLuoyang

Sec.3 Main Ideas a) Qin dynasty created strong central government. • Opposers of Qin Shihuangdi were punished or

killed.• Emperor created government offices to keep order. • 2nd in power to the emperor were kings of provinces.• Qin Shihuangdi created one currency- helped trade.• He built roads, a canal, & the Great Wall of China.***

b) Han dynasty inventions improved Chinese life.

• Wudi created tests to measure talents and skills.• Paper, Rubber, & Steel• Waterwheels to grind grain• New iron drill bits• New forms of literature• Government officials developed record keeping methods.• New way to move sails of ships• Chinese medicine used herbs

NOT Forever alone

• Liu Bang was a peasant & military leader before becoming emperor.

• The Chinese people liked Liu Bang more than Qin.• The Silk Road carried goods to Greece and Rome.

• Unrest in China helped Buddhism to spread.