chapb1.2
DESCRIPTION
Parts of an EcosystemTRANSCRIPT
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• Ecosystem: groups of living things and the environment they live in– All living things can meet their basic needs
in their ecosystems
• some ecosystems only have a few living things– insects and small plants in a concrete
parking lot environment
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– forests, ponds, and streams have many living things
• these environments have more space, food and shelter so that many animals and plants can meet all their basic needs
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Populations• a group of the same species living in the
same place at the same time– forest have many different tree populations– trout is one fish population in a stream– deer is one animal population in a meadow
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• populations live in the environment to which they are adapted
• organisms that live in difficult environments must have unusual adaptations– estuary has salt and fresh water– Mangrove trees have roots and leaves that
get rid of salt
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• ecosystems are named after the main population of plants that live there– estuaries that have mostly mangrove trees
are called mangrove swamps• swamp: an area that is sometimes or always
covered in shallow water
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Communities
• plants of the main population are where other organisms interact– Mangrove branches hang over the water
and attract insects looking for food/shelter– schools (groups) of archerfish live among
the roots• they shoot water above the water trying to
knock insects off the branches - then eats them
– flock of lesser blue herons feed on fish, frogs, and other animals in or near the shallow water at the roots of the tree
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– the plants need animals to carry away seeds and to add nutrients to the soil
– mangrove roots provide shelter for fish to swim and reproduce
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Nonliving Parts of an Ecosystem
• nonliving parts of an ecosystem: sunlight, soil, water, air, and temperature– nonliving parts interact
• Ex. water moving soil from place to place
– nonliving and living parts interact• salt water (nonliving) and mangrove trees
(living) - mangrove trees must filter out the salt in the water and other plants cannot do that
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Summary• ecosystem made up of groups of living things
and their environment• Ecosystem includes plants and animals, living
and nonliving parts– nonliving: sunlight, soil, air, water, and
temperature
• organisms of the same species form populations
• communities are formed from different populations
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• community: made up of all populations that live in the same area– plants and animals live together and
depend on one another to survive