chapter 23 section 1 the rise of militarism. mussolini in italy benito mussolini wanted to destroy...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 23Section 1
The Rise of Militarism
Mussolini in Italy• Benito Mussolini wanted to destroy
the Communist Party and promote his own rise to power.
• In 1921, Mussolini founded the Fascist Party.
• His army was called the Blackshirts, because they wore black uniforms.
The Fascist Party
• Fascists believed that a military-dominated government should control all aspects of society.
Franco in Spain
• Francisco Franco led a fascist army to overthrow the Spanish government in 1936.
• This began the Spanish Civil War between Fascists and Loyalists.
• After 3 years of fighting Franco took control of the government.
Stalin in the Soviet Union
• Joseph Stalin used underhand tactics and even organized the assassination of his enemies to rise to power in the USSR.
• Stalin turned the Soviet Union into a Totalitarian state – a country where the government is in complete control.
• He and his powerful Red Army crushed all opposition.
• Historians estimate that as many as 30 million people may have died as a result of his policies.
The Popular Front
• An International group of organizations united against fascism.
• The term “Popular Front” was coined by Joseph Stalin.
• Stalin declared that communism and fascism were incompatible.
• His efforts encouraged many non-communist nations to oppose fascism.
Militarists in Japan
• During the 1920’s, Japan’s military forces had gained power and wanted to reduce the influence of Western countries.
• Japan wanted to expand and build an empire.
• Creating a Japanese empire would give Japan control over the natural resources of East Asia and the Pacific.
Hitler in Germany
• Germany lost power and was in a depression after WWI.
• Adolf Hitler (A corporal in WWI) forms the National Socialist Party –aka- Nazi Party during the 1920’s.
• In 1923 Hitler is sentenced to five years in prison for leading the Nazis' unsuccessful "Beer Hall Putsch" in the German state of Bavaria. (He only served 9 months)
• In prison, he wrote his book “Mein Kampf” (My Struggle). He wanted to restore Germany’s power and blamed Jews, Communists, and intellectuals for the decline.
