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CLASSIFICATION NOTES Slide 2 Classification- A grouping of objects or information based on similarities Taxonomy- the branch of biology concerned with the grouping & naming of organisms Slide 3 Aristotle:384-322 BC First method of classification 2 major groups Plants - size & structure Animals - where they lived (land or water) Slide 4 Linnaeus: 1707 - 1778 Still used today Based on physical characteristics, close relationships 7 Levels of classification 1. Kingdom 2. Phylum 3. Class 4. Order 5. Family 6. Genus 7. Species Slide 5 King Phillip Came Over From Great Scotland Slide 6 Taxon: a group at any level of organization. Slide 7 Polar bearBlack bearGiant panda Red fox Abert squirrel Coral snake Sea star KINGDOM Animalia PHYLUM Chordata CLASS Mammalia ORDER Carnivora FAMILY Ursidae GENUS Ursus SPECIES Ursus arctos Section 18-1 Figure 18-5 Classification of Ursus arctos Go to Section: Slide 8 Binomial nomenclature : System that gives each organism 2 names Genus: 1st word, always capitalized. Group of closely related species species: 2nd word, lowercase. descriptive (latinized) Ex-Eurycea bislineata-2 line salamander common name varies from place to place Slide 9 http://www.search.com/reference/Wile_E._ Coyote_and_Road_Runner Slide 10 Domain Archaea Kingdom Archaebacteria Prokaryotes - No nucleus or membrane- bound organelles Cell walls without peptidoglycan Unicellular Autotroph or heterotroph Examples: Methanogens, Halophiles Slide 11 Domain Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria Prokaryotes Cell walls with peptidoglycan No nucleus or membrane bound Organelles Unicellular Autotroph or Heterotroph E. Coli and Streptococcus Slide 12 Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista Eukaryotic Cell walls in SOME (plantlike) with cellulose with chloroplasts Most are Unicellular some Multicellular Autotroph or heterotroph Paramecium, Kelp, Euglena Slide 13 Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Eukaryote Cell wall with chitin, nucleus and membrane-bound organelles-no chloroplasts Most are multicellular Heterotroph Eats by absorbing nutrients Mushrooms, yeasts Slide 14 Domain Eukarya Kingdom Plantae Eukaryotes Cell walls with cellulose, have chloroplasts Multicellular Autotroph Mosses, ferns, trees, flowering plants Slide 15 Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Eukaryote No cell wall or chloroplasts Have specialized systems Multicellular Heterotroph sponges, worms, insects, fish Slide 16 1.This kingdom contains all autotrophic organisms. 2.The term autotrophic refers to 3.The opposite of autotrophic is 4.These organisms contain the material chitin 5.These kingdoms contain prokaryotic cells Slide 17 6.Which is the most general of Linnaeus seven taxa? 7.If 2 organisms are in the same kingdom, must they belong to the same phylum? 8.If several organisms contain the same class characteristics, must they belong to the same phylum? 9.Linnaeus 2 name system is called Slide 18 10.The most specific part of a scientific name is the 11.If 2 organisms belong to the same order, must they belong to the same family? 12.In the scientific name the first letter of the ___ must be capitalized. 13. The scientific name must be ____ or italicized.