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Cloud Computing: Why You Should Care October 14, 2010

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Cloud Computing: Why You Should Care

Presenters: Anna Jaeger, Peter CampbellSponsored by


We are working toward a time when every nonprofit and social benefit organization on the planet has the technology resources

and knowledge they need to operate at their full potential.


Home page screen grab


Today’s Speakers

Peter Campbell Earthjustice

Anna JaegerTechSoup Global

Facilitator: Kami Griffiths, TechSoup GlobalAssisting with chat questions:

Elliot Harmon & Kevin Lo, TechSoup Global


Topic and Objective

Topic: Overview of Cloud Computing - Defining types of cloud computing and how it might apply to your organization

Take Aways: • Understand the different types of cloud

computing, • Understand how it is impacting nonprofits, • Outline some criteria for use,• Mention some challenges of which you should be

aware.


Mission of GreenTech

Help nonprofits and NGOs reduce their environmental impact through the effective use of technology.

____________________

We help you, reduce the impact of your IT and use IT to reduce the impact of your organization.

www.techsoup.org/greentech @TSGreenTech


Quick Audience Poll

Knowledge of Cloud Computing• Beginner• Intermediate• Advanced


Last Poll

• Do you use cloud computing in your organization or personally? –Yes–No–Who knows?!

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Defining Cloud Computing

Understanding the Types


CyberOptic Group Cloud Definition

“… cloud computing enables computer software and hardware resources to be accessed over the Internet without the need to have any detailed or specific knowledge of the infrastructure used to deliver the resources, much like a utility model. You really don't need to know what the phone company or electric company does on there end to enable calls and allow the lights to go on when you flip the switch; and, you really don't want to know as long as when you plug into it, it works.” The CyberOptic Group

http://www.cyop.net/cloud_computing.html




Forrester Research Definition

“A standardized IT capability (services, software, or

infrastructure) delivered via Internet technologies in a

pay-per-use, self-service way.…”

Source: TechRadar™ For Infrastructure & Operations Professionals: Cloud Computing, Q3 2009, James Staten, Forrester Research, Inc., Oct. 2, 2009


Cloud as Business Model

• Some say “cloud computing” is nothing new. • Despite all the hype, there’s very little, from

a technical capability standpoint, that hasn’t been widely available for years.

Image from: http://www.eci.com/blog/25-why-cloud-computing-is-right-for-your-hedge-fund.html


Types of Cloud Computing

• IaaS: Infrastructure as a service• PaaS: Platform as a service• SaaS: Software as a Service


INFRASTRUCTURE PLATFORM


Examples of Cloud Providers

• Amazon – EC2 and S3 (IaaS)• Google – App Engine (PaaS)• Microsoft – Azure (IaaS & PaaS), BPOS (SaaS)• Salesforce – NPO Starter Pack (SaaS)• Caution:

Make IT Green: Cloud Computing and its Contribution to Climate Change

http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/en/media-center/reports/make-it-green-cloud-computing/


Why Should You Care?

IDC forecasts that from 2009 through 2014• Worldwide IT product spending will grow at

an annual rate of 5.0%• Spending on Cloud Services will increase at

an annual rate of 26%, i.e., _very_ fast

Source: IDC’s Public IT Cloud Services Forecast: New Numbers, Same Disruptive Story

http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS22393210


Benefits of Cloud Computing

• Little to no upfront costs• Little to no IT staff required • No onsite servers• Rapid deployment • Convenience• Always on latest software

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How is the Cloud Impacting NPOs?


Slide by Microsoft


Impacting NPOs: More Complexity

• More IT choices = IT decisions more complicated and more confusing

• More Mature: webhosting, HR services, and conferencing (like ReadyTalk)

• Less Mature: security and disaster recovery

Info from Forresters


Impacting NPOs: Lower Barrier to Entry

Particular importance to smaller organizations: it lowers the “barrier to entry” for certain large-scale enterprise applications, that wouldn’t be cost-effective to install and run internally for a small staff; but can make sense, when available on a per-user subscription basis (Microsoft Sharepoint is a good example of this).


Impacting NPOs: Shifting Use

• More staff and volunteers have access to more systems outside the office.

• Fundraising, volunteer management and donor management all have solid offerings in the cloud.

• Many SaaS providers offer free or discounted services for NPOs: Office Live, Salesforce, GrantStation , Google Docs, VolunteerMatters


Impacting NPOs: Shifting Use

• Next 6 to 8 years we’ll be in a state of hybrid cloud adoption

• More people will be using both ‘on premises’ and cloud versions of MS Office

• Use of computers will change toward easier collaboration/sharing and better access to the office anywhere you are.

• More flexibility


Impacting NPOs: Software Costs

• In the next 6 to 8 years, nonprofits will probably not be reducing software and IT staffing costs very much.

• Migration to cloud software and services will be gradual and costs will be shifting, but not going down dramatically.

• You’ll probably being paying more in monthly fees, and less upfront on buying software packages and servers.


Impacting NPOs: Hardware Costs

• IT hardware costs will gradually go down for nonprofits over the next 6 to 8 years.

• You will probably need fewer on premises server computers, and less robust and expensive desktop or laptop computers as more of your work is online.

• Telecom costs may increase as more bandwidth and stability is needed.


Summary: Cloud Economics

• Decreased capital costs• Usually, increased operating costs• Example 1: Preferred Hotel

– Traditional: $210k server refresh and $10k/month– Cloud: $10k implementation and $16k/month

• Example 2: Nevada Crisis Call Center – Trimmed technology management work by

$20,000 annually– Eliminated a recurring capital expense of $15,000– More reliable IT services

http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&articleId=9121485

http://www.microsoft.com/casestudies/Microsoft-Office-Live-Meeting/Crisis-Call-Center/Nonprofit-Cuts-IT-Work-by-20-000-Annually-Boosts-Reliability-with-Online-Software/4000005739

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Why is it green?


Green Benefits• Fewer servers are built and running:

– fewer toxic materials and water used to build them

– fewer toxic materials are dumped– less energy is consumed in the running of the

servers

• Less powerful client computers: all the processing is performed on the hosted server(s). – keep your older computers longer – reduces demand for new computers


Green Benefits

Slide by David Deal of Community IT Innovators


Questions for Green Website Hosting ProvidersWhen selecting a provider, consider these items:• $$: most are comparable or better than traditional hosts • Ease of startup • Features• Reliability • How green are they? Do they buy carbon off-sets or

power their operations with their own solar panels? Do they virtualize their servers? Are they certified by anyone?

Lists of Green Web Hosts– webhostinggeeks.com – WebHostingReport.com – twitter.com/greenwebsites

http://blog.techsoup.org/node/1387

http://webhostinggeeks.com/greenwebhosting.html

http://www.webhostingreport.com/best-green-hosting.html

http://www.webhostingreport.com/best-green-hosting.html

http://twitter.com/greenwebsites

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What are Some Examples?


SaaS Common Examples

• Software as a Service– Document Sharing - Office Live, Google

docs, Zoho– CRM solutions – Salesforce, Blackbaud, MS

Dynamics CRM Online– Backup - Mozy– Social Networking: LinkedIn, Twitter, Flickr– HR Tools: Performance Reviews, Payroll


Working with Distributed Teams• Web conferencing:

• GoToMeeting, WebEx, ReadyTalk

• File sharing: • Box.net, Dropbox, Jungle Disk, Google Docs,

BPOS/SharePoint

• Comprehensive hosted apps: • Zoho, Google Apps, MS BPOS+Office Web Apps

• Extranets/project collaboration: • Basecamp, SharePoint

Slide by David Deal of Community IT Innovators


Bus ines s Productivity Online Suite

Discounted Offerings Free Offerings

Slide by Microsoft

Available to Nonprofits Today


Other Free or Discounted Offerings

• Google Docs• Basecamp – 1 project• Skype – VuRoom add-on (multi-party)• DropBox

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Some Criteria for Use

UsageCom

pute

Time

Average

Inactivity

Period

Com

pute

Time

Average Usage

Average Usage

Com

pute

Time

Com

pute

Time

Average Usage


Organization Specific Criteria

• Mission critical• Security certifications• Bandwidth• IT staffing: Costs and skill set• Remote staff or volunteers• Physical office features


Criteria for Use: Questions for Vendors• Costs: upfront, ongoing, utility model • Security & Compliance• Reliability & SLAs• Features • Ease of startup


43

NIST: Service Level Agreements (SLAs)

• Contract between customers and service providers of the level of service to be provided

• Contains performance metrics (e.g., uptime, throughput, response time)

• Problem management details• Documented security capabilities• Contains penalties for non-performance

From NIST: Presentation on Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm v26

http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/cloud-computing/


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Some Challenges


Challenges with Cloud Computing


Risks of Cloud Computing• Loss of connectivity• Service levels• Regulatory compliance: is provider

certified?

• Backups: You should have copies of and access to your data

• Security


47

NIST: Analyzing Cloud Security

• Some key issues: – Trust– multi-tenancy– Encryption– compliance





48

NIST: General Security Advantages

• Shifting public data to a external cloud reduces the exposure of the internal sensitive data

• Cloud homogeneity makes security auditing/testing simpler

• Clouds enable automated security management

• Redundancy / Disaster RecoveryFrom NIST: Presentation on Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm v26




49

NIST: General Security Challenges

• Trusting vendor’s security model• Customer inability to respond to audit findings• Obtaining support for investigations• Indirect administrator accountability• Proprietary implementations can’t be examined• Loss of physical control




Security & PrivacySecurity & Privacy

CustomizabilityCustomizability

Visibility & ControlVisibility & Control

Data AccessibilityData Accessibility

Global ReachGlobal Reach

Ease of ProvisioningEase of Provisioning

Business AgilityBusiness Agility

Deployability & ManageabilityDeployability & Manageability

Slide by Microsoft

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Questions?

Submit your questions using the chat box.


Conclusion• Cloud has a lot to offer, esp. small

nonprofits.• Cloud solutions are often greener,

easier to implement, and more secure.• Cloud solutions are not right for every

need or every organization.• Talk with your board, staff, volunteers

and/or consultants. Decide which is the best first step for your organization.


Thank you!

More Info:Come to www.techsoup.org/greentech

to find other tips and suggestions.

Anna S. JaegerTechSoup Global

[email protected]

@TSGreenTech

Peter CampbellEarthjustice

[email protected]

@PeterSCampbell

http://www.techsoup.org/greentech

http://www.techsoup.org/greentech

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.techsoup.org/

http://www.earthjustice.org/

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.techcafeteria.com/


Resources

• Cloud Landing Page• Comparing Online vs. Traditional Office Software • Why Should Nonprofits Care About Cloud Computing?

http://home.techsoup.org/pages/cloudcomputing.aspx

http://www.techsoup.org/learningcenter/software/page11852.cfm

http://blog.techsoup.org/node/952


Continue the Discussion…

• Additional questions can be answered by posting in in our Community Forum:– http://bit.ly/ts-cloud


Upcoming Webinars

• Story of an Open Source Library – Thursday, October 21, 11 a.m. Pacific time

• Security Basics: Keep your Computers Safe – Thursday, October 28, 11 a.m. Pacific time


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Thank you! Please complete the post event survey!

Kami Griffiths, [email protected], 415-633-9392

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Appendix


NIST: Cloud Security Advantages Part 1

• Data Fragmentation and Dispersal• Dedicated Security Team• Greater Investment in Security Infrastructure• Fault Tolerance and Reliability• Greater Resiliency• Hypervisor Protection Against Network

Attacks• Possible Reduction of C&A Activities

(Access to Pre-Accredited Clouds)From NIST: Presentation on Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm v26




NIST: Cloud Security Advantages Part 2

• Simplification of Compliance Analysis• Data Held by Unbiased Party (cloud vendor

assertion)• Low-Cost Disaster Recovery and Data

Storage Solutions• On-Demand Security Controls• Real-Time Detection of System Tampering• Rapid Re-Constitution of Services• Advanced Honeynet Capabilities





NIST: Cloud Security Challenges Part 1

• Data dispersal & international privacy laws– EU Data Protection Directive and U.S. Safe Harbor program– Exposure of data to foreign government and data

subpoenas– Data retention issues

• Need for isolation management• Multi-tenancy • Logging challenges• Data ownership issues • Quality of service guarantees





NIST: Cloud Security Challenges Part 2

• Dependence on secure hypervisors• Attraction to hackers (high value target)• Security of virtual OSs in the cloud • Possibility for massive outages• Encryption needs for cloud computing

– Encrypting access to the cloud resource control interface– Encrypting administrative access to OS instances– Encrypting access to applications– Encrypting application data at rest

• Public cloud vs internal cloud security • Lack of public SaaS version control




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