design and analysis of gearless …ijsre.in/vol-1/issue-3/29.pdfdesign and analysis of gearless...
TRANSCRIPT
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF GEARLESS TRANSMISSION
THROUGH ELBOW MECHANISM
Solanki Nehal Pramesh1, Patel Harshil K.
2,Singh Montu
3,Rajwani Avesh
4
Student, Mechanical department, Laxmi institute of Technology, Sarigam-Valsad. Gujarat
Corresponding Author Detail:
Solanki Nehal Pramesh
Student, Mechanical department,
Laxmi institute of Technology,
Sarigam-Valsad, Gujarat.
Internal Guide Detail:
Mr. Jignesh Chaudhri
Assistant Professor, Mechanical department,
Laxmi institute of Technology,
Sarigam-Valsad. Gujarat.
ABSTRACT
This paper represents the study of gearless elbow mechanism which is an equipment in
alternate to bevel gear used for transmitting power between the two shafts placed at an angle
between 0 – 120 degree. Mechanism consists of elbow rods and hubs which are coupled
together by placing the rods in the holes that are drilled in the hubs. The mechanism is to be
analysed in ANSYS package software to watch the response of the mechanism. The static
structural analysis is to be carried for the mechanism having 4,6,8 pins and by applying
different materials (mild steel and stainless steel) on elbow rods and hubs. Theoretical
calculations are made to obtain allowable stress using design data values. As a result
response of the mechanism is investigated to find suitable no of rods , material and
permissible speed of the mechanism.
KEYWORDS: Elbow rod, Mechanism, Analysis, Total deformation, Von mises stress, Hub
INTRODUCTION
In today’s world energy is the prime requirement in each and every field. As the world is
progressing towards the 22nd
century every bit of energy becomes crucial because the
resources that we have for producing energy is very limited and soon will be getting
finished. For transmitting motion and power from one shaft to another which are non parallel
or intersecting and co- planar bevel gearing are generally employed. But there are some
inherent disadvantages associated with bevel gearing stated as complexity in manufacturing,
high cost of replacement. To overcome all these difficulties we have a mechanism which
transmits motion between the two non-parallel (intersecting) and co- planar shafts. The
mechanism is known as Gearless elbow mechanism is equipment consisting of elbow rods,
hub and shaft. Gearless elbow mechanism works on the principle of slider and kinematic
chain principle.
SYSTEM STUDY
We have fabricated 4 pins gearless elbow mechanism. Gearless elbow mechanism is portable
and compact equipment. Mechanism consists of 2 hubs, 4 elbow rods, 2 shafts, motor (A.C.
motor 1hp), Belt drive. The motor and belt drive is coupled to the end of any one shaft. As
the power is supplied to the shaft from the motor through belt drive the shaft rotates along
with hub, the elbow rods placed in the holes of the hub slides in and out of both the hubs due
to this the power from one shaft is transmitted to the another.
International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017
IJSRE Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017 www.ijsre.in Page 213
Figure-1 Motor
METHODOLOGY
PARTS SPECIFICATION AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Body Diameter(mm) Length
(mm)
Elbow
rods
10 120
Hub 96 35
Shaft 30 240
Table 1: Parts specification
Table 2 : Mild steel properties
Compressive Yield Strength MPa 250
Tensile Yield Strength MPa 250
Tensile ultimate strength 460
Hardness 229
Table 3 : Stainless steel properties
Compressive Yield Strength MPa 207
Tensile Yield Strength MPa 207
Tensile ultimate strength 586
Hardness 230
Figure- 2 Model of 4 rod mechanism
Study of research papers Study of mechanism Selection of material
Design of parts Modelling Simulation
Fabrication and assembly Comparison
International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017
IJSRE Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017 www.ijsre.in Page 214
MODELLING AND ASSEMBLY
All the components are modelled on solidworks software under 3D part workbench. It is
assumed that every parts rigid .Parts already modelled are assembled together in sequence to
achieve a constraint mechanism. Concentric mate is used between parts having relative
motion forming a turning pair. Lock mate is also used between hub and shaft.
THEORETICAL CALCULATION
Pin is subjected bending. Hence it is been design Using flexural equation.
= ( 32x M)/( π x )
Shaft and hub is subjected torsion. Hence it is been design using torsion equation.
τ = (16 x T) / (π x )
Allowable bending stress:
= 0.46 X 460 = 211.6 N/m
Allowable torsion stress:
τ = 0.22 X 460 = 101.2 N/m
Power of motor:
1 H.P = 746 x 1 = 746 N- m /s
P = 746 watt.
P = 2 πN T /60
Where, N = Rpm of motor = 1440 r.p.m
Torque transmitted:
746 = 2π×1440×T/60
T = 4.94 N-m
T = 4947.066 N-mm
Bending Moment for bent links:
=( 32x M)/( π x )
= 32 x 2010.65 / π
= 202.13 N/m
Shear stress for hub:
τ = (16 x T) / (π x )
= (16 x 4947.066 ) / (π x )
= 0.02 N/m
SIMULATION
Simulation of mechanism is carried out on ansys 16.Static structural analysis is to be
performed on the mechanism to watch the response of the elbow rods, hub and shaft. In
static structural analysis total deformation and von - mises stress analysis is carried out.
Simulation is performed by importing motion loads to the component. Motion loads acts on
component as dynamic loads. Hence simulation performs dynamic analysis of mechanism.
Simulation is performed for 4,6 and 8 pins ,for two different material (mild steel and
stainless steel) driven at 50,100,150 and 200 rpm.
International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017
IJSRE Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017 www.ijsre.in Page 215
Figure-3 Total deformation occurring over
the 4 rod mechanism
Figure- 4 Von mises stress distribution over
the 4 rod mechanism
Figure-5 Total deformation occurring over
the 6 rod mechanism
Figure-6 von mises stress distribution over
the 6 rod mechanism
Figure-7 Total deformation occurring over
the 8 rod mechanism
Figure-8 von mises stress distribution over
the 8 rod mechanism
EVALUATING ANALYSIS
0.00E+00
5.00E-01
1.00E+00
1.50E+00
50 100 150 200
Def
orm
atio
n
Rpm
Total deformation vs rpm
mild steel Stainless steel Column1
International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017
IJSRE Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017 www.ijsre.in Page 216
Figure-9 Total deformation vs rpm for 4 rod mechanism
Figure-10 Von mises stress vs rpm for 4 rod mechanism
Figure-11 Total deformation vs rpm for 6 rod mechanism
Figure-12 Von mises stress vs rpm for 6 rod mechanism
0.00E+00
5.00E-04
1.00E-03
1.50E-03
2.00E-03
2.50E-03
50 rpm 100 rpm 150 rpm 200 rpm
Vo
n m
ises
RPM
Von mises stress v/s R.P.M
Mild steel Stainless steel Column1
0.00E+00
1.00E-08
2.00E-08
3.00E-08
4.00E-08
5.00E-08
6.00E-08
100 150 200
Def
orm
atio
n
Rpm
Total deformation vs rpm
mild steel Stainless steel Column1
0.00E+00
5.00E-04
1.00E-03
1.50E-03
2.00E-03
100 150 200
Vo
n m
ises
str
ess
Rpm
Von mises vs rpm
mild steel Stainless steel Column1
International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017
IJSRE Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017 www.ijsre.in Page 217
Figure-13 Total deformation vs rpm for 8 rod mechanism
Figure-14 Von mises stress vs rpm for 8 rod m
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
It is clear from the results of the analysis that the stresses and deformation on 4 elbow rod
and hub mechanism is more than 6 – elbow rod mechanism. While the 8 rod mechanism
works satisfactorily but the mechanism needs to be modified for the smooth operation. As
calculated the working stress is less than the allowable stress hence the system is safe against
bending and torsion.
CONCLUSION
Gearless elbow mechanism has been analysed on ansys software. The response of the elbow
rods and hub was analysed for different material, different no of elbow rods and for different
r.p.m. It is been concluded from the analysis that the mechanism with 6 elbow rods made up
0.00E+00
1.00E-01
2.00E-01
3.00E-01
4.00E-01
5.00E-01
6.00E-01
50 100 150 200
Def
orm
atio
n
Rpm
Total deformation vs rpm
mild steel Stainless steel Column1
0.00E+00
2.00E-02
4.00E-02
6.00E-02
8.00E-02
1.00E-01
50 100 150 200
Vo
n M
ises
Rpm
Von Mises vs rpm
mild steel Stainless steel Column1
International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017
IJSRE Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017 www.ijsre.in Page 218
of mild steel material is works perfectly. The mechanism runs smoothly when it is kept at 150
r.p.m. Also it can be concluded that as the no of elbow rods increases smoother the operation
would be.
FUTURE SCOPE
1) Working on stress concentration is recommended
2) Working on aluminium as a prime material is recommended
3) Fatigue analysis is recommended
4) Analysis of the mechanism with higher no of elbow rods is recommended.
REFERENCE
1. International Journal of Core Engineering & Management (IJCEM) Volume 1, Issue 6,
September 2014Analysis and Simulation of Gearless Transmission Mechanism.
2. International Journal of Ethics in Engineering & Management EducationISSN: 2348-
4748, Volume 1, Issue 5, May2014Gearless Power Transmission- L Pin Coupling.
3. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 7, July-2015
Multi-Angular Gearless Drive.
4. IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 4, Issue 02,
2016 Design, Analysis and Fabrication of Gearless Transmission by Elbow Mechanism.
5. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)ISSN: 2278-
0181Vol. 3 Issue 3, March – 2014Gearless Power Transmission-Offset Parallel
ShaftCoupling.
International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017
IJSRE Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017 www.ijsre.in Page 219