Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

SCIENCE Grade 7 Quarter 2 - Module 6

Components of the Ecosystem and Its Ecological Relationships

Zest for Progress

Zeal of Partnership

7

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________

Name of School: ___________________________

5

5

What I Need to Know The environment is a collection of living and non-living things. Mosses growing on rocks, garden snails

gliding on garden fences, and fish swimming in water are just a few examples of how living and non-living things interact.

The living components of the environment are also called organisms. The non-living components make up the physical

environment of these organisms. This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master

the two components of an ecosystem and the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem. In going through

this module, you are advised to read the instructions carefully and answer the given test and exercises properly.

At the end of this module you are expected to: ●Differentiate biotic from abiotic components of an ecosystem (S7LT-llh-9)

●Describe the different ecological relationship found in an ecosystem

(S7LT-llh-10)

What’s In

In module 5, you have learned the two types of reproduction, the sexual reproduction and asexual

reproduction. Do the next activity to recall them.

Activity 1: Sexual or Asexual

Directions: Identify whether the following pictures depict sexual or asexual reproduction. Write your answer on the

space provided below each picture. (1 point each)

1._________________ 2.____________________ 3.___________________

4. ____________________ 5. ____________________

In Activity 1, you had identified the sexual and asexual reproduction. This reproduction is essential to sustain

life in the ecosystem. To better understand the components of the ecosystem, let’s try to answer the next activity.

What’s New

Activity 2: Know Me!

Directions: Below is a picture that shows an ecosystem which is composed of different components listed in Column 1

in the table. In Column 2, identify whether this component is biotic (living thing) or abiotic (non-living thing). (1 point

each)

Module 6

Components of the Ecosystem and

Its Ecological Relationships

6

5

https://www.pinterest.com/amp/pin/665758757386346618/

In this activity you discover that biotic components are the

living components present in an ecosystem while the abiotic

components are the non-living elements. What is the ecological relationship between these components of the ecosystem? Let’s find

out by doing the next activity.

Activity 3: Mind the Gap!

Directions: Below are ecological relationships which are incompletely written in Column 1. Write the missing letters to

complete the word. Use the definition in Column 2 as your clue to identify the word. (1 point each)

Activity 4: You Hurt Me or You Hurt Me Not! Directions: In Column 1 are examples of interactions among living organisms. Identify which organism is benefitted,

harmed or unaffected. Use the symbol (+) if the organism is benefitted, symbol (-) if it is harmed, and symbol (0) if the

organism is unaffected from the interaction. Write these symbols in Columns 1 and 2. In Column 4, write the ecological

relationship that is depicted by the two interacting organisms. (1 point each)

Example of Interactions

among organisms

Organism

1

Organism

2

Ecological Relationship (Mutualism,

Parasitism, Commensalism, Predation, Competition)

1. (1) Bees pollinating (2)

flowers

Components found

in the ecosystem

Biotic or Abiotic?

1. Fish

2. Water

3.Corals

4. Algae

5. Minerals

2. (1) Fern plants growing on a (2) trunk of

a tree

In Activity 2 you were able to identify biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem. Given the activities in #3

and #4 you described the different ecological relationship found in an ecosystem.

Study the next part to enhance your understanding on the components of the ecosystem and its ecological

relationship.

What is it

Ecosystems include all biotic and abiotic factors in one particular environment.

Biotic components are the living parts of an environment. A list of biotic factors includes those organisms that are

producers, consumers and decomposers. They rely on each other for survival.

The producers provide the food, generally in the form of plant life. The consumers eat the producers. Some consumers

eat other consumers in the case of carnivores, a meat eater animals. At the end of an organism’s life cycle, decomposers

like bacteria, worms, and fungi turn the organism’s remains into organic material that can be used to provide energy

for a new generation of producers.

Rice plant/ Chicken/ Snake/ Mushroom Bacteria

Producer Consumer Consumer Decomposers

Figure 1. Biotic components of an ecosystem

Abiotic components are the non-living parts of the ecosystems necessary to sustain life. Common examples of abiotic

factors include: water, temperature, atmospheric pressure, light and soil.

Figure 2. Abiotic components of the ecosystem

In the ecosystem biotic components interact with one another and also interact with the abiotic factors in order to

survive thus interaction takes place.

3

Ecological Relationship describe the interactions between and among organisms within their environment. These

interactions may have positive, negative or neutral effects on either organism’s ability to survive and reproduce.

The following are the five ecological relationships:

1. Predation- A relationship where one

organism benefits while the other is eaten. In a

community predation is very common. An

animal that kills and eat other animals is called

predator. An animal that is killed and eaten by

its predator is called a prey. In some case, a

predator’s prey may be another prey’s predator.

This means that while an animal hunts and

feeds upon another animal, it can also become

prey to a larger and stronger predator. In figure

1, mice is the prey and the snake is the

predator.

2. Competition- A relationship between

organisms that strive for the same resources in the same place.

Figure 1. Snake haunting mice

There are two types of Competition:

a. Intraspecific competition occurs between

members of the same species compete for

limited resources. In figure 2, mongo seeds

compete for a limited resources.

b. Interspecific competition occurs between

members of different species competing for the

same resources in

an ecosystem. In figure 3, a cow and a horse

compete for the same resources which is the grassland.

Figure 2. Mongo seeds sown in a pot of soil

Figure 3. A cow and a horse in a piece of grassland3. Mutualism- A relationship where

both organisms benefit from the relationship. Example is an egret that feed on the ticks on

the back of the carabao, see figure 4.

4. Commensalism- A relationship in which

one organism benefits while the other

organism is unaffected. Example is a bird that

lives in the hollow of trees, see figure 5.

5. Parasitism- A relationship in which one

organism benefits (parasite) while the other is

harmed (host). A parasite gets its nutrients

from a living host harmed by the interaction.

An example is a lice on human scalp, see

figure 6.

Figure 4. Egrets feed on the ticks on the back

of the carabao

Figure 5. Bird that lives in the hollow of trees

Figure 6. Lice on the human scalp

10

5

What’s More Activity 5: Sort Them Out!

Directions: In the word bank below, sort and list all the names as to biotic or abiotic components of an

ecosystem. The table is provided for your answer. (1 point each)

Activity 6: Let’s Analyze!

Directions: The interaction below are examples of ecological relationship. Identify what type of

relationship is shown in every interaction. Choose your answer from the box. A blank space is provided

for your answer. (1 point each)

1. The chick is eaten by the hawk.

Answer: _________

2. The anemone’s tentacles provide the

clownfish with protection from predators, while

the clownfish chase away butterfly fish that

would eat the anemone. Answer:

_______________

3. Pilot fish follow sharks because other

animals which might eat them will not come

near a shark. In return,

sharks do not eat pilot fish because pilot fish

eat their parasites. Answer: _______________ 4. Leech sucking human blood.

Answer: _______________ 5. Lion and tiger fighting for territory. Answer: __________________

Biotic components Abiotic components

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

Commensalism Mutualism Predation Parasitism Competition

Temperature Light Grass Air Soil

Water Flowers Birds Ants Hawk

5

4

Activity 7: Label Me Right!

Directions: Label the following items as A (for abiotic) or B (for biotic) components of

an ecosystem. (1 point each)

Activity 8: Eco-relationship

Directions: Inside the box, shade the circle that gives the correct

answer on the given interaction. The first one is done for you. (1 point each)

Interaction Ecological Relationship Describe the relationship

1. Two male lions fighting over

a female lion

Competition

Predation

Occurs between members of

the same species compete for

limited resources.

When both organisms

benefit from the relationship

2. Barnacles attach to the skin

of whales where they are able to

capture food. The whale is not

helped nor harmed

Commensalism

Mutualism

Occurs between members of

the same species compete for

limited resources.

Occurs in which one

organism benefits while the

other organisms is unaffected.

3. A tape worm lives in the

intestine of a person causing

illness and weight lost

Parasitism

Mutualism

Occurs in which one

organism benefits while the

other organisms is unaffected.

When one organism benefits

while the other is harmed

1. 3. 5. 4. 2.

What I Have Learned

(1st part)

Is a relationship where one organism benefits while the other is eaten

(2nd part)

Predator-Prey

(4th part)

The bear is eating fish

Predation

12 Activity 9: My Frayer Model of Ecological Relationship

Directions: Create your own Frayer model. Use short sized folder. Divide your folder into four parts. In

the first part write the description of the term. In the second part add something to help you remember

the term. In the third part draw or paste a picture illustrating the term and in the last part say something

about the picture. At the center of your model write your chosen ecological relationship

The sample below will serve as your guide.

RUBRIC:

4 3 2 1

Neatness The model is very

neat

The model is

neat

The model has stray

marks

The model is messy

Accuracy The model is very

accurate and

shows the four

parts of the model

The model is

missing one

component

The model is

missing two

components

The model is missing three

components

Creativity The student used

available

materials to

construct the

model

The student

constructed a

creative model

The student could

have put in more

effort in

constructing the

model

The student did not use

available materials to

construct a creative model.

What I Can Do

(3rd part)

15

Assessment

Directions: Read and answer each item carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to your choices

in the space provided before each number.

_____1. What interaction is displayed when birds lives in the hollow of trees?

A. Parasitism C. Predator-prey

B. Mutualism D. Commensalism

______2. What ecological relationship is involved when a mosquito sucks the blood of different

organisms?

A. Mutualism C. Decomposition

B. Parasitism D. Commensalism

_____3. What ecological relationship is involved in this situation? “A feeder fish usually follows

behind sharks to pick up food and the shark is unaffected.”

A. Mutualism C. Decomposition

B. Parasitism D. Commensalism

_____4. What kind of ecological relationship is involved when a larva of an insect lives on the leaves of

the plant and causes damage by eating the leaves?

A. Mutualism C. Decomposition

B. Parasitism D. Commensalism

_____5. Which of the following defines predation?

A. A relationship between organisms that strive for the same resources in the same place

B. A relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is unharmed

C. A relationship where one organism benefits while the other is eaten

D. A relationship where both organisms benefit from the relationship

_____6. Which of the following represents an abiotic component of the

environment?

A. Gliding snail C. Growing grass

B. A pail of water D. Sprouting mongo seeds

_____7. You are told by your science teacher to set up an aquarium as a mini ecosystem. Which of

the following are needed in setting up your aquarium?

A. Fish and water only C. Fish, snails, and plants only

B. Water, sand and light only D. Water, sand, soil and sunlight only

_____8. Which of the following is NOT a biotic component in the ecosystem?

A. Rice fields C. Flower garden

B. A waterfall D. Banana plantation

_____9. Which of the following is an abiotic factor that may affect the population of organisms?

A. Prey C. Food Availability

B. Predators D. Extreme temperature

_____10. The following are abiotic components that may affect the population of organisms

EXCEPT?

A. Drought C. Predators

B. Typhoons D. Earthquake

_____11. How will you differentiate biotic from abiotic factors in the ecosystem?

A. Both are living things

B. Both are non-living things

C. Biotic are living things while abiotic are non-living things

D. Biotic are non-living things while abiotic are living things

_____12. Which of the following describes biotic components of the ecosystem?

A. It stands still C. It eats dead things

B. It does nothing D. It grows, reproduces and will die

_____13. What will happen to living organisms if their physical environment cannot provide

them with their basic needs?

A. The organisms will grow and develop

B. The population of the organisms will increase

C. The organisms will die and will become extinct

D. The organisms will remain healthy and undisturbed

_____14. Which of the following relationships exhibit mutualism?

A. Algae- fungi C. Rice birds-hawk

B. Rats- cats D. Worms- humans

_____15. What relationship is known whereby one organism benefits and the other is unaffected?

A. Parasitism C. Immigration

B. Mutualism D. Commensalism

Answer Key -Gr7Q2W6 Science

Activity 3:

1. Parasitism

2. Commensalism

3. Competition

4. Mutualism

5. Predation

Activity 5: Activity 6: 1. Predation

2. Mutualism

3. Mutualism

4. Parasitism

5. Competition

Activity 7: 1. A

2. B

3. A

4. B

5. B

Biotic Abiotic

1. Ants

2. Hawk

3. Grass

4. Flowers

5. Birds

1. Temperature

2. Soil

3. Light

4. Water

5. Air

Summative Test: 1. D 6. B 11. C

2. B 7. A 12. D

3. D 8. B 13. C

4. B 9. D 14. A

5. C 10.C 15. D

Activity 8 2. Box 1, box 2

3. Box 1, box 2

Activity 4: 1. + & + , mutualism 2. + & 0 , commensalism

Activity 1: 1. Asexual

2. Sexual 3. Asexual

4. Sexual

5. Sexual

Activity 2: 1. Biotic

2. Abiotic

3. Biotic

4. Biotic 5. Abiotic

Development Team Mi Ultimo Adios

Writer: Evelenda G. Antido Editors: Margie Lou C. Jacob Laarni A. Adonis Kathleen Joy B. Padilla Joly C. Baradero Reviewer: Sandy R. Albarico Management Team:

Majarani M. Jacinto, CESO VI SDS-ZDS

Visminda Q. Valde, Ed.D

ASDS

Raymond M. Salvador, Ed.D ASDS

Juliet A. Magallanes, Ed.D

CID Chief Florencio R. Caballero, DTE EPS-LRMDS

Sandy R. Albarico EPS -Science

Reference: Books:

Alvie J. Asuncion, Maria Helen D.H Catalan, et.al. Science Learner’s Materials, FEP Printing Corp. 1st Ed,DepEd-

BLR, Ground Floor Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue Pasig City, Phil. 2017.

Web links:

https://www.biologydiscussion.com/ecosystem/ecosystem-with-diagram/16629

https://study.com/academy/lesson/biotic-abiotic-factors-lesson-plan.html

https://www.pinterest.com/amp/pin/665758757386346618/

https://www.majortests.com/essay/Biology-Ecosystem-An-Ecosystem-607692.html

https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Ecological-Relationship-Match-3190203

https://www.greenandgrowing.org/types-ecosystem-information/

https://sciencing.com/five-types-ecological-relationships-7786.html

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/activity/ecological-relationships/

https://www.ck12.org/biology/food-chain/lesson/Food-Chains-and-Food-Webs-Advanced-BIO-

ADVhttps://bookbuilder.cast.org/view_print.php?book=14616

Adiós, Patria adorada, región del sol querida,

Perla del mar de oriente, nuestro perdido Edén!

A darte voy alegre la triste mustia vida,

Y fuera más brillante, más fresca, más florida,

También por ti la diera, la diera por tu bien.

En campos de batalla, luchando con delirio,

Otros te dan sus vidas sin dudas, sin pesar;

El sitio nada importa, ciprés, laurel o lirio,

Cadalso o campo abierto, combate o cruel martirio,

Lo mismo es si lo piden la patria y el hogar.

Yo muero cuando veo que el cielo se colora

Y al fin anuncia el día tras lóbrego capuz;

si grana necesitas para teñir tu aurora,

Vierte la sangre mía, derrámala en buen hora

Y dórela un reflejo de su naciente luz.

Mis sueños cuando apenas muchacho adolescente,

Mis sueños cuando joven ya lleno de vigor,

Fueron el verte un día, joya del mar de oriente,

Secos los negros ojos, alta la tersa frente,

Sin ceño, sin arrugas, sin manchas de rubor

Ensueño de mi vida, mi ardiente vivo anhelo,

¡Salud te grita el alma que pronto va a partir!

¡Salud! Ah, que es hermoso caer por darte vuelo,

Morir por darte vida, morir bajo tu cielo,

Y en tu encantada tierra la eternidad dormir.

Si sobre mi sepulcro vieres brotar un día

Entre la espesa yerba sencilla, humilde flor,

Acércala a tus labios y besa al alma mía,

Y sienta yo en mi frente bajo la tumba fría,

De tu ternura el soplo, de tu hálito el calor.

Deja a la luna verme con luz tranquila y suave,

Deja que el alba envíe su resplandor fugaz,

Deja gemir al viento con su murmullo grave,

Y si desciende y posa sobre mi cruz un ave,

Deja que el ave entone su cántico de paz.

Deja que el sol, ardiendo, las lluvias evapore

Y al cielo tornen puras, con mi clamor en pos;

Deja que un ser amigo mi fin temprano llore

Y en las serenas tardes cuando por mí alguien ore,

¡Ora también, oh Patria, por mi descanso a Dios!

Ora por todos cuantos murieron sin ventura,

Por cuantos padecieron tormentos sin igual,

Por nuestras pobres madres que gimen su amargura;

Por huérfanos y viudas, por presos en tortura

Y ora por ti que veas tu redención final.

Y cuando en noche oscura se envuelva el cementerio

Y solos sólo muertos queden velando allí,

No turbes su reposo, no turbes el misterio,

Tal vez accordes oigas de cítara o salterio,

Soy yo, querida Patria, yo que te canto a ti.

Y cuando ya mi tumba de todos olvidada

No tenga cruz ni piedra que marquen su lugar,

Deja que la are el hombre, la esparza con la azada,

Y mis cenizas, antes que vuelvan a la nada,

El polvo de tu alfombra que vayan a formar.

Entonces nada importa me pongas en olvido.

Tu atmósfera, tu espacio, tus valles cruzaré.

Vibrante y limpia nota seré para tu oído,

Aroma, luz, colores, rumor, canto, gemido,

Constante repitiendo la esencia de mi fe.

Mi patria idolatrada, dolor de mis dolores,

Querida Filipinas, oye el postrer adiós.

Ahí te dejo todo, mis padres, mis amores.

Voy donde no hay esclavos, verdugos ni opresores,

Donde la fe no mata, donde el que reina es Dios.

Adiós, padres y hermanos, trozos del alma mía,

Amigos de la infancia en el perdido hogar,

Dar gracias que descanso del fatigoso día;

Adiós, dulce extranjera, mi amiga, mi alegría,

Adiós, queridos seres, morir es descansar.

Dr. Jose Rizal

JOSE RIZAL