Educational Innovation in Economics and Business II

In Search of Quality

Educational Innovation in Economics and Business Volume 2

The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.

Educational Innovation in Economics and Business II

In Search of Quality

Edited by

Dirk T. Tempelaar University of Maastricht,

The Netherlands

Finn Wiedersheim-Paul

and

Elving Gunnarsson Department of Business Studies,

Uppsala University, Sweden

SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

A CLP. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

ISBN 978-94-010-6217-6 ISBN 978-94-011-5268-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-5268-6

Printed on acid-free paper

All Rights Reserved © 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1998 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1998

No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,

including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner

Contents

Contributors ix

Preface Xlll

Acknowledgements XVII

Part 1: Quality As A Search Process

Experiences From Evaluations 5 LARS ENGWALL

Underlying Trends In Quality Assessment 25 ROBERT D. HODGKINSON

A Methodological Proposal For Permanent Updating Of The Curricula At The Undergraduate Level 43 MARlA MATILDE SCHWALB

Part 2: Quality And The Use Of Resources 55

Evaluation Of An 'Off-The-Shelf Multi-Media Package Introduced As Part Of A Problem-Based Learning Activity For Students In Higher Education 61 JOHN DOUGLAS & LES HAMILTON

v

VI Contents

Teachers Selection Skills And Educational Resources JANE BARFORD

Quality Enhancement Through Student Feedback: A Computer-Based

77

Approach 87 SIN HOON HUM, CHOW Hou WEE & WEE YONG YEONG

Students' Perceptions Of University Quality: A Field Study Using LISREL And Artificial Intelligence Techniques 103 MANUEL SANCHEZ, GILBERT SWINNEN & KOEN V ANHOOF

Part 3: The Contextual Side Of Quality 123

Same-Sex Groups Versus Mixed-Sex Groups Of Students: An Empirical Examination Of Organisation And Performance 127 JOHAN STEIN & MAGNUS SODERLUND

Study Behaviour And Problem-Based Learning 145 JEANNETTE A. HOMMES

Problem-Based Leaming, Interpersonal Orientations And Learning Approaches: An Empiricltl Examination Of A Business Education Program 155 MAGNUS SODERLUND

Teaching And Organising: The Case Of Problem-Based Leaming 171 JAN NIJHUIS & ARlEN VAN WITTELOOSTUIJN

Part 4: Quality And Student Assessment 191

Congruence Of Assessment And Instructional System: The Case Of Problem-Based Learning 197 DIRK T. TEMPELAAR

High Quality Learning Environments Require High Quality Evaluation Instruments 213 GABY J. SCHRODER & Luc W. M. WIERTZ

Does Knowledge Development Originate From Education? 227 Luc W.M. WIERTZ & PIET K. KEIZER

Selected-Response Examinations In A Student-Centred Curriculum 239 DIRK T. TEMPELAAR

Contents vii

Part 5: Quality As A Search For Creativity 255

Quality Assessment In Bachelor's And Master's Theses 259 OSTEN OHLSSON

Assessing Innovation And Innovation In Assessment 273 JULIAN WELLS, ALAN FREEMAN, GEORGE HALLAM & MALCOLM RYAN

The Best Of Both Worlds: Research Learning And The MBA 295 REv A BERMAN BROWN & SEAN MCCARTNEY

Seeking Quality In Accounting And Auditing Education: TQM And COSO 307 SHEILA D. FOSTER & MARY B. GREENAWALT

Active Pedagogical Methods in Teaching Economics and Business Administration: The Example of Games Applied in Teaching Management 317 DOMINIQUE BESSON

The Generation And Relevance Of The Knowledge And Skills Of Economics Graduates 325 HANS HEIJKE & GER RAMAEKERS

Part 6: The Transiency Of Quality 343

Cognitive Science Perspectives On Learning And Instructional Quality 345 WIM H. GIJSELAERS & GEERT WOLTlER

Theoretical Approach To The Quality Of Courses 355 ULRICH BRAUKMANN

Learning Marketing 365 LARS TORSTEN ERIKSSON

Abstracts Of Selected Workshops, Symposia And Other Papers 373

Index 383

Contributors

Jane Barford, Research Fellow, School of Information and Media, Faculty of Management, The Robert Gordon University, 352 King Street, AB9 2TQ Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom

Dominique Besson, Adjunct Professor, IAE de Lille, 104 Avenue du Peuple Beige, 59043 Lille Cedex, France, Dominique.Besson@iae.univ-lille1fr

Ulrich Braulanann, Dr. rer. pol., University of Wuppertal, JosefKohtes Strasse 44,40670 Meerbusch, Germany, UBraukmann@aol.com

Reva Berman Brown, Nene College, Faculty of Management and Business, Boughton Green Road, Northampton, United Kingdom, Reva.Brown@nene.ac.uk

John Douglas, CFACS/CES, Leeds Metropolitan University, H316 Woodhouse Lane, LS2 JJT Leeds, United Kingdom, J.Douglas@lmu.ac.uk

Lars Engwall, Professor, Department of Business Studies, Uppsa/a University, Box 513, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden, Lars.Engwall@fek.uu.se

Lars Torsten Eriksson, Econ D, Department of Business Administration, Gavle/Sandvik University College, 801 76 Gavle, Sweden, len@mentos.hgs.se

IX

x Contributors

Sheila D. Foster, Department of Business Administration, The Citadel, 171 Moultrie Street, Charleston, South Carolina 29409, United States of America, FosterS@citadel.edu

Alan Freeman, The University of Greenwich, the School of Social Sciences, Avery Hill Road, SE9 2HB London, United Kingdom

Wim H. Gijse1aers, Department of Educational Development and Research, University of Maastricht, P.O Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, W. Gijselaers@EDUC UniMaas.NL

Mary B. Greenawalt, Department of Business Administration, The Citadel, 171 Moultrie Street, Charleston, South Carolina 29409, United States of America, greenawaltm@citadel.edu

Elving Gunnarsson, Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Box 513, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden, Elving.Gunnarsson@fek.uu.se

George Hallam, The University of Greenwich, the School of Social Sciences, Avery Hill Road, SE9 2HB London, United Kingdom

Les Hamilton, Leeds Metropolitan University, H316 Woodhouse Lane, LS2 1 JT Leeds, United Kingdom

Hans Heijke, Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market (ROA), University of Maastricht, P.O Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, HHeijke@ROA. UniMaas.NL

Robert D. Hodgkinson, School of the Built Environment, Head of Academic Programmes, Liverpool John Moores University, Clarence Street, L32 5UG Liverpool, United Kingdom, R.D.Hodgkinson@LJVJMAC UK

Jeannette A. Hommes, Department of Educational Development and Research, University of Maastricht, P.O Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, JHommes@EDUC UniMaas.NL

Sin Hoon Hum, Faculty of Business Administration, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, S119260, 0511 Singapore, Republic of Singapore, FBAHUMSH@FBAl.NUSSTF.nus.sg

Contributors Xl

Piet K. Keizer, Department of General Economics, University of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, P.Keizer@ALGEC.UniMaas.NL

Sean McCartney, University of Essex, Department of Accounting and Financial Management, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex C04 3SQ, United Kingdom, mccas@essex.ac.uk

Jan Nijhuis, Department of Organization, University of Maastricht, P. O. Box 616,6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, J-.Nijhuis@MW.UniMaas.NL

Osten Ohlsson, Foretagsekonomiska Inst., University of Goteborg, Vasag 3, 41124 Giiteborg, Sweden, Osten.Ohlsson@spa.gu.se

Ger Ramaekers, Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market (ROA), University of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, G .Ramaekers@ROA.UniMaas.NL

Malcolm Ryan, The University of Greenwich, the School of Post Compulsory Education and Training, Academic Development Group, Avery Hill Road, SE9 2HB London, United Kingdom, Malcolmj .. _RyanlUofG. UOFG@ gre-guns1.gre.ac.uk

Manuel Sanchez, Faculdad de Ciencas Economicas y Juridices, Universidad def Almeria, Campus Universitario del Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain, msanchez@ualm.es

Gaby J. Schroder, Department of Marketing, University of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, G.Schroder@MW.UniMaas.NL

Maria Matilde Schwalb, Professor and Dean, Faculdad de Administration y Contabilidad, Universidad del Pacifico, Avenida Salaverry 2020 JesUs Maria, Lima 11, Peru, MSchwalb@up.edu.pe

Magnus SOderlund, Stockholm School of Economics, P.O. Box 6501, S-113 83 Stockholm, Sweden, dms@HHS.SE

Johan Stein, Stockholm School of Economics, P.O. Box 6501, S-113 83 Stockholm, Sweden, ajst@hhs.se

xu Contributors

Gilbert Swinnen, Department of Business Economics, Limburg University Centre, Universitaire Campus, Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium, gilbert.swinnen@rsftew.luc.ac.be

Dirk T. Tempelaar, Department of Quantitative Economics, University of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, D. Tempelaar@ KE. UniMaas.NL

Koen Vanhoof, Department of Business Economics, Limburg University Centre, Universitaire Campus, Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium, vanhoof@rsftew.luc.ac.be

Chow Hou Wee, Faculty of Business Administration, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, S119260, Republic of Singapore

Julian Wells, Faculty of Social Sciences, the Open University, Walton Hall, MK7 6AA Milton Keynes, United Kingdom, lulian_ Wells@compuserve.com

Finn Wiedersheim-Paul, Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Box 513, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden, Finn. Wiedersheim-Paul@fek.uu.se

Luc W.M. Wiertz, University of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands

Arjen van Witteloostuijn, Department of Organization, University of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, A. van Witteloostuyn@MW. UniMaas.NL

Geert Woltjer, Department of General Economics, University of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands, G. Woltjer@AlgEc.UniMaas.NL

Wee Yong Yeong, Faculty of Business Administration, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, S119260, Republic of Singapore

Preface

This volume consists of the revised versions I of a selection of papers of the second EDINEB conference, held in Uppsala from 17-19 August 1995. As with the fIrst edition, the conference and these proceedings are rooted in the participant's involvement with 'EDucational INnovation in Economics and Business'. The thematic focus is quality audit, quality assessment and quality improvement, all of them collected in the theme 'In Search of Quality'. For the fIrst EDINEB conference, which took place in Maastricht, December 1993, 'Problem-Based Learning' was chosen as leading theme. The introduction of problem-based learning in the curriculum of any faculty is to be regarded as a major innovation in the educational system. In contrast, the dedication to the search of quality in education resulted in a large variety of case studies and theoretical contributions on educational innovations aiming at increasing the quality of teaching and learning. This contrast between the one major step and the many small steps has been the decisive factor for the editors to compose these proceedings as a kind of allegory of Robert M. Pirsig's famous novel 'Zen and the art of Motorcycle Maintenance, an Inquiry into Values' (ZAMM). Of course, on top of the very obvious reason that the conference had been saddled with a theme that is identical to the title that many critics (probably those who aren't so fond of motorcycling) used to rename ZAMM.

ZAMM is without doubt the best-seller among (middle aged, university) teachers. Its popularity even brought it the status of 'cult fiction', so well did it convey the feelings of younger people in the early seventies who felt frustrated by the failure of the activist sixties:

I The contributions were selected and revised after an editorial process by the editors of this volume.

Xlll

xiv Preface

Whereas getting involved has been a mandate in the sixties, by the middle seventies disillusionment had set in, and the prevailing mood was one of concerned detachment. One could change the world only by changing oneself The place to improve the world is first in one's own heart and head and hands, and then work outward from there, said Pirsig. . .. Pirsig's emphasis on restructuring one's thinking fit in perfectly with this new mood. His approach sounded a bit like brainstorming and a bit like mind-altering, and enough like both to make it easy to accommodate his ideas to the new sensibility.

~ssen, 1992,p.301)

Or to use Pirsig's own explanation of the success of ZAMM, as part of the afterword written ten years after its first publication:

There is a Swedish word, kulturbiirer, which can be translated as "culture-bearer" but still doesn't mean much. It's not a concept that has much American use, although it should have.

A culture-bearing book, like a mule, bears the culture on its back. No one should sit down to write one deliberately . ....

Culture-bearing books challenge cultural value assumptions and often do so at a time when the cuiture is changing in favor of their challenge . ...

The success of Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance seems the result of this culture-bearing phenomenon.

(pirsig, 1974, Afterword)

By the way, in this quotation a third allusion to ZAMM emerges: both our quality search and Pirsig's one find their ultimate destination in Sweden.

ZAMM is a nice example of a multi-level novel; such a nice example that even the most initiate critics differ in opinion about the number of levels: that number ranges from two to five (see Harpham, 1988). However, for the allegory we build up in this volume, it suffices to distinguish the following three: • The speaker, who narrates the events of a motorcycle trip from

Minnesota to California with his son Chris, • The Chautauqau's, lectures modelled "/ike the traveling tent-show

Chautauquas that used to move across America ... , an old-time series of popular talks intended to edify and entertain, improve the mind and bring culture and enlightenment to the ears and thoughts of the hearer" (Pirsig, 1974, p. 7), and

Preface xv

• The life story of Phaedrus, the speaker's fonner self whose pursuit of Quality as a college teacher of rhetorics has led to the collapse into insanity that had necessitated an involuntary electro-shock treatment.

The second and third level often intertwine, and so develop into a 'Quality-discourse' (Quality always spelled with a capital Q). And when that quality-discourse has as its subject motorcycle maintenance, it is easy to imagine that all levels intertwine. Such as in the following quotation:

... value rigidity ... is an inability to revalue what one sees because of commitment to' previous values. In motorcycle maintenance, you must rediscover what you do as you go. Rigid values makes this impossible.

The typical situation is that the motorcycle doesn't work. The facts are there but you don't see them. You're looking right at them, but they don't yet have enough value. This is what Phaedrus was talking about. Quality, value, creates the subjects and objects of the world. The facts do not exist until value has created them. If your values are rigid you can't really learn new facts.

This often shows up in premature diagnosis, when you're sure you know what the trouble is, and then it isn't, you're stuck. Then you've got to find some new clues, but before you can find them you've got to clear your head of old opinions. If you're plagued with value rigidity you can fail to see the real answer even when it's staring you right in the face because you can't see the new answer's importance.

(Pirsig, 1974, p. 304)

With this quotation, we have come full circle back at the introductory statements of this preface. This book is the sum of many Chautauqau's, many small steps; together, they can add up to one large jump. All these small steps aim to remove value rigidity and rediscover of what you do as you go; that is what in our opinion justifies the allegory with ZAMM.

Dirk Tempelaar University of Maastricht

Finn Wiedersheim-Paul & Elving Gunnarsson Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University

xvi Preface

Harpham, Geoffrey Galt (1988) Rhetoric and the madness of philosophy in Plato and Pirsig, Contemporary Literature, XXIX (1), 64-81.

Pirsig, Robert M. (1974) Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance. An Inquiry Into Values, Corgi Books (1983 edition), London.

Whissen, Thomas Reed (1992) Classic cult fiction: a companion to popular cult literature, Greenwood Press, Westport.

Acknowledgements

This volume gives an account of the highlights of the second EDINEB conference. The conference has been organised by the EDINEB Network, in co-operation with the Department of Business Studies of Uppsala University. The EDINEB Network was founded at the first 'EDucational INnovation in Economics and Business' Conference held in Maastricht, the Netherlands in December 1993. It was founded to serve as a continual basis for exchanging experiences and knowledge about educational innovation in economics and business. Among the activities of this Network are workshops, consultancies, publications, international conferences, a discussion list and other forms of exchange. Workshops targeted at enhancing specific skills in redesigning educational platforms have been organised at the University of Maastricht (1994, 1995, 1997) and Ohio University, Athens, USA (1995). Network members have served both education and industry in the development of innovative practices across Europe and the United States. Following the first international conference, a seminar work was published on the case of problem-based learning. This book, Educational Innovation in Economics and Business: the Case of Problem-Based Learning, also is available through Kluwer Academic Publishers. The series of EDINEB publications will be continued by a compilation of articles on 'Innovative Practices in Business Education' presented at the third EDINEB conference held in Orlando, Florida (1996), followed by the proceedings of EDINEB IV on 'Educating Entrepeneurship for the Information Age' (Edinburgh, Scotland, 1997).

xvii

XV111 Acknowledgements

The editors like to acknowledge the major contribution of Ellen Nelissen in the organisation of the conference; thanks to her punctuality and charm this has been a fine example of combined classic and romantic quality. We wish to express our great gratitude to Chris and Glynis Allen, Denis de Crombrugghe and Rob Pauly for their support in revising the contributions and editing this volume.

Dirk Tempelaar, Finn Wiedersheim-Paul & Elving Gunnarsson