environmental product declaration kingspan light + air

© 2020 SCSglobalServices.com

Environmental Product Declaration Kingspan Light + Air | UniQuad®

Products

UniQuad® Translucent Walls

Functional Unit

The functional unit is one 100 square meter of panel maintained for

75 years

76 mm

108 mm

EPD Number and Period of Validity

SCS-EPD-05941

EPD Valid January 27, 2020 through January 26, 2025

Product Category Rule

ISO 21930:2017. Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering

works — Core rules for environmental product declarations of

construction products and services.

Program Operator

SCS Global Services

2000 Powell Street, Ste. 600, Emeryville, CA 94608

+1.510.452.8000 | www.SCSglobalServices.com

Declaration Owner

Kingspan Light + Air

28662 North Ballard Drive

Lake Forest, IL 60045

United States

800.759.6985 | http://www.kingspanlightandair.us/


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1

Declaration Owner: Kingspan Light + Air

Address: 28662 North Ballard Drive, Lake Forest, IL 60045, USA

Declaration Number: SCS-EPD-05941

Declaration Validity Period: January 27, 2020 through January 26, 2025

Program Operator: SCS Global Services

Declaration URL Link: https://www.scsglobalservices.com/certified-green-products-guide

LCA Practitioner: Tess Garvey, SCS Global Services

LCA Software: openLCA 1.9

Independent critical review of

the LCA and data, according to

ISO 14044 and ISO 14071

☐ internal ☒ external

LCA Reviewer:

Thomas Gloria, Ph.D., Industrial Ecology Consultants

Product Category Rule: ISO 21930:2017. Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works — Core rules for

environmental product declarations of construction products and services

PCR Review conducted by: ISO Technical Committee

Independent verification of the

declaration and data,

according to ISO 14025 and the

PCR

☐ internal ☒ external

EPD Verifier:

Thomas Gloria, Ph.D., Industrial Ecology Consultants

Declaration Contents:

1. About Kingspan………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………2

2. Product……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..2

3. LCA: Calculation Rules……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...4

4. LCA: Results…………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………….9

5. LCA: Interpretation…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………16

6. References………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….17

Disclaimers: This EPD conforms to ISO 14025, 14040, 14044, and ISO 21930.

Scope of Results Reported: The PCR requirements limit the scope of the LCA metrics such that the results exclude environmental and

social performance benchmarks and thresholds, and exclude impacts from the depletion of natural resources, land use ecological

impacts, ocean impacts related to greenhouse gas emissions, risks from hazardous wastes and impacts linked to hazardous chemical

emissions.

Accuracy of Results: Due to PCR constraints, this EPD provides estimations of potential impacts that are inherently limited in terms of

accuracy.

Comparability: The PCR this EPD was based on was not written to support comparative assertions. EPDs based on different PCRs, or

different calculation models, may not be comparable. When attempting to compare EPDs or life cycle impacts of products from different

companies, the user should be aware of the uncertainty in the final results, due to and not limited to, the practitioner’s assumptions, the

source of the data used in the study, and the specifics of the product modeled.

In accordance with ISO 21930:2017, EPDs are comparable only if they comply with the core PCR, use the same sub-category PCR where

applicable, include all relevant information modules and are based on equivalent scenarios with respect to the context of construction

works.


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1. About Kingspan Light + Air

The Kingspan Group was formed in the mid-1960s in Kingscourt, County Cavan, Ireland and is one of Europe’s leading

construction product manufacturers. In 2008 the company expanded into the US and currently employs over 1,500 staff

across 16 manufacturing and distribution facilities throughout North America. Across a wide range of sectors within the

industry, Kingspan’s integrated approach has made its products first choice with architects, contractors, developers and

owners. Kingspan’s products help reduce the impact buildings have on the environment throughout their lifecycle.

Kingspan Light + Air is the award-winning innovator of high-performance daylighting and ventilation solutions for building

envelopes. Our translucent walls, skylights, canopies, and smoke vents are engineered to optimize the role that natural

light and air play in the design of buildings and the health and well-being of its occupants.

We thrive on innovation and engineer, produce and deliver the most premium, durable and high-performance products in

the marketplace and offer an unmatched selection of standard and custom products built to perform across a wide array

of climates, conditions and geographies.

2. Product

2.1 Product Description

TRANSLUCENT WALL PANELS

The hallmark of the UniQuad® system is the innovative two-piece panel connection, which enables the system to be

unitized. The panels themselves are factory glazed and assembled for superior quality control. The unitized construction of

the system results in quick, cost-effective installation.

• Unitized design - enabling fast, easy installation

• Up to 44 feet long, spanning floors of multi-level buildings

• Can incorporate graphics and lighting to offer creative and inspiring daylighting options

• Easily integrated with other building envelope components.

• Frequently used as walls or building facades, or clerestories and smaller scale punched openings

2.2 Application

Kingspan Light + Air translucent wall panel products are intended for exterior commercial applications.

2.3 Technical Data

Technical specifications of the products included in the LCA scope, as well as product performance testing results are

available on the manufacturer’s website (https://www.kingspan.com/us/en-us/product-groups/daylighting-solutions/translucent-

walls/facades).

2.4 Base Materials

The primary materials including virgin and recycled aluminum and polycarbonate, EPDM gaskets, and hardware from

various suppliers. Packaging materials consist of cardboard boxes and lumber.

https://www.kingspan.com/us/en-us/product-groups/daylighting-solutions/translucent-walls/facades

https://www.kingspan.com/us/en-us/product-groups/daylighting-solutions/translucent-walls/facades


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Table 1. Material content for the Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® products in kg per 100 square meter of wall panel, and percent of total

mass.

Component Material

76 mm (3 inch) 108 mm (4.25 inch)

kg/ 100 m2

(%)

kg/ 100 m2

(%)

Aluminum 280 400

(24%) (28%)

Recycled Aluminum 310 420

(27%) (31%)

Polycarbonate (PC) 430 430

(37%) (31%)

Recycled Polycarbonate 48 48

(4.1%) (3.4%)

EPDM 47 47

(4.1%) (3.4%)

Hardware 38 38

(3.2%) (2.7%)

Total 1,150 1,380

100% 100%

Table 2. Material content for the Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® product packaging, per 100 square meter of wall panel, and percent of

total mass.

Material (kg/ 100 m2) Percent

Cardboard 240 6.7%

Lumber 3,400 93.3%

Total Packaging 3,640 100%

2.5 Manufacture

Kingspan Light + Air’s UniQuad® products are manufactured at the company’s production facility in Lake Forest, Illinois.

2.6 Environment and Health during Manufacture

No environmental or health impacts are expected during the manufacture of the panel product.

2.7 Product Processing/Installation

Typical installation is accomplished using hand tools.

2.8 Packaging

The Kingspan Light + Air products are packaged for shipment using cardboard and wood pallets

2.9 Condition of Use

No special conditions of use are noted.


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2.10 Environment and Health during use

No environmental or health impacts are expected due to normal use of the panel product.

2.11 Reference Service Life

The scope of the assessment is cradle-to-grave. The Reference Service Life (RSL) of the product is 25 years.

2.12 Extraordinary Effects

No environmental or health impacts are expected due to extraordinary effects including fire and/or water damage.

2.13 Further Information

Further information on the product can be found on the manufacturers’ website at www.kingspanlightandair.us.

3. LCA: Calculation Rules

3.1 Functional Unit

The Functional unit used in the study is defined as 100 m2 of translucent wall system product for 75 years of use. The

reference flows for each product are summarized in Table 3.

Table 3. Reference flows and RSL for the Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® panel products per 100 m2

UniQuad® Product Reference flow

(kg/100 m2) Reference Service Life

Number of Replacements

over 75-year Time Horizon

76 mm thick 1,150 25 years 2

108 mm thick 1,380 25 years 2


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3.2 System Boundary

The scope of the EPD is cradle-to-gate, including raw material extraction and processing, transportation and product

manufacture, including packaging. The life cycle phases included in the product system boundary are shown below.


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3.3 Estimates and Assumptions

The Kingspan Light + Air Lake Forest, Illinois facility is located in the RFC eGRID EPA NERC subregion. An

Ecoinvent inventory dataset was modified to reflect the eGRID energy mix for the RFC subregion to estimate

resource use and emissions from electricity use at the manufacturing facility.

Electricity use at the production facilities were allocated to the wall system products based on product mass

utilizing production data for calendar year 2018 provided by the manufacturer.

Primary data for upstream component fabrication were not available. Representative LCI datasets from the

ecoinvent database were used to model processing for aluminum, plastics and steel material components.

It should also be noted that LCIA results are relative expressions and do not predict impacts on category endpoints, the

exceeding of thresholds, safety margins or risks.

The PCR allows for the results for several inventory flows related to construction products to be reported as “other

parameters”. These are aggregated inventory flows, and do not characterize any potential impact; results should be

interpreted taking into account this limitation.

3.4 Cut-off criteria

According to the PCR, processes contributing greater than 1% of the total environmental impact indicator for each impact

are included in the inventory. No data gaps were allowed which were expected to significantly affect the outcome of the

indicator results. No known flows are deliberately excluded from this EPD.

3.5 Background Data

Primary data were provided by Kingspan Light + Air for the Lake Forest, Illinois manufacturing facility. The sources of

secondary LCI data are the ecoinvent database.


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Table 4. Data sources for the Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® product system.

Component Material Dataset Data

Source

Publication

Date

PRODUCT

Aluminum sheets

aluminium production, primary, ingot | Cutoff, U - RoW

EI v3.5 2018

aluminium scrap, new, Recycled Content cut-off | Cutoff, U – GLO EI v3.5 2018

aluminium scrap, post-consumer, prepared for melting, Recycled Content cut-off | Cutoff, U

– GLO EI v3.5 2018

impact extrusion of aluminium, 5 strokes | Cutoff, U - RoW EI v3.5 2018

Polycarbonate

panels

polycarbonate production | Cutoff, U – RoW EI v3.5 2018

market for waste plastic, mixture | Cutoff, U – RoW EI v3.5 2018

market for extrusion of plastic sheets and thermoforming, inline | Cutoff, U - GLO EI v3.5 2018

Gaskets synthetic rubber production | Cutoff, U - RoW EI v3.5 2018

Hardware

market for steel, low-alloyed | Cutoff, U – GLO EI v3.5 2018

market for metal working, average for steel product manufacturing | Cutoff, U - GLO EI v3.5 2018

market for steel, low-alloyed | Cutoff, U – GLO EI v3.5 2018

Other

market for powder coat, aluminium sheet | Cutoff, U - GLO

welding, arc, aluminium | Cutoff, U - RoW EI v3.5 2018

market for powder coat, aluminium sheet | Cutoff, U - GLO

welding, arc, aluminium | Cutoff, U - RoW EI v3.5 2018

PACKAGING

Corrugated market for corrugated board box | Cutoff, U - RoW EI v3.5 2018

Pallet EUR-flat pallet production | Cutoff, U - RoW EI v3.5 2018

RESOURCES

Electricity market for electricity, medium voltage | Cutoff, U - RFC EI v3.5 2018

Heat market group for heat, central or small-scale, natural gas | Cutoff, U - GLO EI v3.5 2018

Propane market for propane | Cutoff, U - GLO EI v3.5 2018

TRANSPORTATION

Road transport market for transport, freight, lorry 16-32 metric ton, EURO4 | Cutoff, U - RoW EI v3.5 2018

Ship transport market for transport, freight, sea, transoceanic ship | Cutoff, U - GLO EI v3.5 2018

3.6 Data Quality

The data quality assessment addressed the following parameters: time-related coverage, geographical coverage,

technological coverage, precision, completeness, representativeness, consistency, reproducibility, sources of data, and

uncertainty.


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Table 5. Data quality assessment for the Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® panel products.

Data Quality Parameter Data Quality Discussion

Time-Related Coverage:

Age of data and the minimum

length of time over which data is

collected

The most recent available data are used, based on other considerations such as data quality and

similarity to the actual operations. Typically, these data are representative of 2018 or more recent.

All of the data used represented an average of at least one year’s worth of data collection, and up

to three years in some cases. Manufacturer-supplied data (primary data) are based on annual

production for 2018.

Geographical Coverage:

Geographical area from which

data for unit processes is

collected to satisfy the goal of the

study

The data used in the analysis provide the best possible representation available with current data.

Actual processes for upstream operations are primarily North American. Surrogate data used in

the assessment are representative of North American or European operations. Data representative

of European operations are considered sufficiently similar to actual processes. Data representing

product disposal are based on US statistics.

Technology Coverage:

Specific technology or technology

mix

For the most part, data are representative of the actual technologies used for processing,

transportation, and manufacturing operations. Representative fabrication datasets, specific to the

type of material, are used to represent the actual processes, as appropriate.

Precision:

Measure of the variability of the

data values for each data

expressed

Precision of results are not quantified due to a lack of data. Data collected for operations were

typically averaged for one or more years and over multiple operations, which is expected to reduce

the variability of results.

Completeness:

Percentage of flow that is

measured or estimated

The LCA model included all known mass and energy flows for production of the panel products. In

some instances, surrogate data used to represent upstream and downstream operations may be

missing some data which is propagated in the model. No known processes or activities

contributing to more than 1% of the total environmental impact for each indicator are excluded. In

total, these missing data represent less than 5% of the mass or energy flows.

Representativeness:

Qualitative assessment of the

degree to which the data set

reflects the true population of

interest

Data used in the assessment represent typical or average processes as currently reported from

multiple data sources and are therefore generally representative of the range of actual processes

and technologies for production of these materials. Considerable deviation may exist among actual

processes on a site-specific basis; however, such a determination would require detailed data

collection throughout the supply chain back to resource extraction.

Consistency:

Qualitative assessment of

whether the study methodology is

applied uniformly to the various

components of the analysis

The consistency of the assessment is considered to be high. Data sources of similar quality and

age are used with a bias towards Ecoinvent v3.5 data where available. Different portions of the

product life cycle are equally considered.

Reproducibility:

Qualitative assessment of the

extent to which information about

the methodology and data values

would allow an independent

practitioner to reproduce the

results reported in the study

Based on the description of data and assumptions used, this assessment would be reproducible by

other practitioners. All assumptions, models, and data sources are documented.

Sources of the Data:

Description of all primary and

secondary data sources

Data representing energy use at the Kingspan Light + Air’s Lake Forest facility represent an annual

average and are considered of high quality due to the length of time over which these data are

collected, as compared to a snapshot that may not accurately reflect fluctuations in production.

The Ecoinvent v3.5 database is used for secondary LCI datasets.

Uncertainty of the Information:

Uncertainty related to data,

models, and assumptions

Uncertainty related to materials in the panel products and packaging is low. Actual supplier data

for upstream operations was not available for suppliers and the study relied upon the use of

existing representative datasets. These datasets contained relatively recent data (<10 years) but

lacked geographical representativeness. Uncertainty related to the impact assessment methods

used in the study are high. The impact assessment method required by the PCR includes impact

potentials, which lack characterization of providing and receiving environments or tipping points.

3.7 Period under review

The period of review is calendar year 2018.


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3.8 Allocation

Manufacturing resource use was allocated to the products based on mass. Impacts from transportation were allocated

based on the mass of material and distance transported.

The product system includes some recycled materials, which were allocated using the recycled content allocation method

(also known as the 100-0 cut-off method). Using the recycled content allocation approach, system inputs with recycled

content do not receive any burden from the previous life cycle other than reprocessing of the waste material. At end-of-

life, materials which are recycled leave the system boundaries with no additional burden.

3.9 Comparability

The PCR this EPD was based on was not written to support comparative assertions. EPDs based on different PCRs, or

different calculation models, may not be comparable. When attempting to compare EPDs or life cycle impacts of products

from different companies, the user should be aware of the uncertainty in the final results, due to and not limited to, the

practitioner’s assumptions, the source of the data used in the study, and the specifics of the product modeled.

4. LCA: Results

Results of the Life Cycle Assessment are presented below. It is noted that LCA results are relative expressions and do not

predict impacts on category endpoints, the exceeding of thresholds, safety margins or risks.

Table 6. Life cycle phases included in the product system boundary.

Product Construction

Process Use End-of-life

Benefits and loads

beyond the system

boundary

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D

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w m

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a

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Tra

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fact

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ng

Tra

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-

inst

alla

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n

Use

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Re

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furb

ish

me

nt

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se

Op

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ter

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De

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n

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litio

n

Tra

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pro

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Dis

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Re

use

, re

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ry a

nd

/or

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ote

nti

al

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X MND

X = Included in system boundary

MND = Module not declared


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The following environmental impact category indicator are reported using characterization factors based on the U.S. EPA’s

Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts – TRACI:

Impact Category Unit

Global Warming Potential (GWP 100) kg CO2 eq

Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) kg CFC 11 eq

Acidification Potential (AP) kg SO2 eq

Eutrophication Potential (EP) kg N eq

Smog Formation Potential (POCP) kg O3 eq

Fossil Fuel Depletion Potential (FFD) MJ Surplus, LHV

These six impact categories are globally deemed mature enough to be included in Type III environmental declarations.

Other categories are being developed and defined and LCA should continue making advances in their development,

however the EPD users shall not use additional measures for comparative purposes.

The following optional environmental impact category indicators are also reported based on the CML-IA characterization

factors:

Impact Category Unit

Global Warming Potential (GWP 100) kg CO2 eq

Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP) kg CFC 11 eq

Acidification Potential of soil and water (AP) kg SO2 eq

Eutrophication Potential (EP) kg PO43- eq

Photochemical Oxidant Creation Potential (POCP) kg C2H4 eq

Abiotic depletion potential (ADP-elements) for non-fossil resources kg Sb eq

Abiotic depletion potential (ADP-fossil fuels) for fossil resources MJ, LHV


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Table 7. Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) results for the 76 mm Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® panel products per 100 m2 for the

lifetime of the building, 75 years. Results reported in MJ are calculated using lower heating values. All values are rounded to two significant

digits.

Impact Category

Unit A

1 -

Ra

w m

ate

ria

l e

xtr

act

ion

&

pro

cess

ing

A2

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

A3

-

Ma

nu

factu

rin

g

A4

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

p

roce

ssin

g

A5

- T

ran

spo

rt t

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ma

nu

fact

ure

r

B2

- M

ain

ten

an

ce

B4

- R

ep

lace

me

nt

C2

- T

ran

spo

rta

tio

n

C3

- W

ast

e

Pro

cess

ing

C4

- D

isp

osa

l

Total

CML-IA

Global

warming

(GWP100a)

kg CO2 eq 1.1x104 230 5900 660 970 34 3.8x104 6.3 130 220 5.7x104

% 19% 0.41% 10% 1.2% 1.7% 0.06% 66% 0.011% 0.23% 0.39% 100%

Ozone layer

depletion

(ODP)

kg CFC-11

eq 2.9x10-4 4.1x10-5 4.0x10-4 1.2x10-4 1.0x10-5 3.2x10-6 1.7x10-3 1.2x10-6 5.8x10-6 2.5x10-6 2.6x10-3

% 11% 1.6% 15% 4.6% 0.39% 0.12% 66% 0.046% 0.22% 0.10% 100%

Acidification

potential

kg SO2 eq 48 1.8 20 2.5 0.29 0.16 150 2.4x10-3 0.40 0.1 220

% 22% 0.82% 9.2% 1.1% 0.13% 0.073% 66% 1.1x10-3% 0.18% 0.046% 100%

Eutrophication

potential

kg (PO4)3-

eq 15 0.28 17 0.60 6.0 0.061 78 5.7x10-3 0.20 2.7 41

% 13% 0.23% 14% 0.5% 5.0% 0.051% 65% 0.0048% 0.17% 2.3% 100%

Photochemical

oxidation

kg C2H4 eq 3.0 0.067 1.3 0.11 0.046 0.015 9.0 1.0x10-3 0.019 0.011 14

% 22% 0.49% 9.5% 0.8% 0.34% 0.110% 66% 0.0073% 0.14% 0.081% 100%

Abiotic

depletion

kg Sb eq 0.030 5.4x10-4 6.2 x10-3 2.0x10-4 1.0x10-4 2.5x10-4 0.074 1.9x10-5 7.7x10-4 1.8x10-5 0.11

% 27% 0.48% 5.5% 0.2% 0.09% 0.223% 66% 0.017% 0.69% 0.016% 100%

Abiotic

depletion

(fossil fuels)

MJ 1.2x105 3400 6.3x104 1.0x104 930 370 3.9x105 96 810 260 5.9x105

% 20% 0.57% 11% 1.7% 0.16% 0.062% 66% 0.016% 0.14% 0.044% 100%

TRACI 2.1

Global

warming

kg CO2 eq 1.1x104 230 5900 660 970 34 3.8x104 6.3 130 220 5.7x104

% 19% 0.41% 10% 1.2% 1.7% 0.06% 66% 0.011% 0.23% 0.39% 100%

Ozone

depletion

kg CFC-11

eq 3.8x10-4 5.5x10-5 5.1x10-4 1.6x10-4 1.4x10-5 3.8x10-6 2.2x10-3 1.5x10-6 7.5x10-6 3.2x10-6 3.4x10-3

% 11% 1.6% 15% 5% 0.42% 0.11% 66% 0.044% 0.22% 0.09% 100%

Acidification kg SO2 eq 49 2.0 21 3.0 0.38 0.17 150 2.8x10-2 0.41 0.21 230

% 22% 0.88% 9.3% 1.32% 0.167% 0.075% 66% 0.012% 0.18% 0.093% 100%

Eutrophication kg N eq 28 0.30 37 0.75 15 0.12 160 7.1x10-3 0.43 5.5 250

% 11% 0.12% 15% 0.30% 6.0% 0.048% 65% 0.0028% 0.17% 2.2% 100%

Smog kg O3 eq 570 37 230 71 8.7 2.4 1800 0.68 5.7 2.7 2800

% 21% 1.3% 8.3% 2.6% 0.32% 0.087% 66% 0.025% 0.21% 0.10% 100%

Fossil fuel

depletion

MJ eq 9700 460 4800 1400 1.2 30 3.3x104 13 83 30 4.9x104

% 11% 1.6% 15% 4.7% 0.42% 0.11% 66% 0.044% 0.22% 0.095% 100%


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Table 8. Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) results for the 108 mm Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® panel products per 100 m2 for the

lifetime of the building, 75 years. Results reported in MJ are calculated using lower heating values. All values are rounded to two significant

digits.

Impact

Category Unit

A1

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

p

roce

ssin

g

A2

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

A3

- M

an

ufa

ctu

rin

g

A4

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

p

roce

ssin

g

A5

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

B2

- M

ain

ten

an

ce

B4

- R

ep

lace

me

nt

C2

- T

ran

spo

rta

tio

n

C3

- W

ast

e

Pro

cess

ing

C4

- D

isp

osa

l

Total

CML-IA

Global

warming

(GWP100a)

kg CO2 eq 1.4x104 280 5900 690 1000 35 4.4x104 7.7 180 220 6.6x104

% 21% 0.42% 8.9% 1.0% 1.5% 0.05% 66% 0.012% 0.27% 0.33% 100%

Ozone layer

depletion

(ODP)

kg CFC-11

eq 3.8x10-4 5.1x10-5 4.0x10-4 1.3x10-4 1.0x10-5 3.2x10-6 1.9x10-3 1.4x10-6 8.2x10-6 2.8x10-6 2.9x10-3

% 13% 1.7% 14% 4.4% 0.34% 0.11% 66% 0.048% 0.28% 0.10% 100%

Acidification

potential

kg SO2 eq 62 2.0 200 2.7 0.29 0.16 530 2.9x10-2 0.57 0.12 800

% 8% 0.25% 25% 0.34% 0.036% 0.020% 67% 3.6x10-3% 0.071% 0.015% 100%

Eutrophication

potential

kg (PO4)3- eq 19 0.33 17 0.63 6.1 6.1x10-2 86 7.0x10-3 0.29 2.7 130

% 14% 0.25% 13% 0.48% 4.6% 0.046% 65% 0.01% 0.22% 2.0% 100%

Photochemical

oxidation

kg C2H4 eq 3.9 7.5x10-2 1.3 0.11 5.2x10-2 1.5x10-2 11 1.3x10-3 2.7x10-2 1.2x10-2 16

% 24% 0.46% 8% 0.67% 0.3% 0.092% 66% 0.01% 0.16% 0.1% 100%

Abiotic

depletion

kg Sb eq 3.8x10-2 7.0x10-4 6.2x10-3 2.1x10-3 1.0x10-4 2.5x10-4 9.4x10-2 2.3x10-5 1.1x10-3 2.0x10-5 0.14

% 27% 0.49% 4% 1.5% 0.070% 0.18% 66% 0.016% 0.77% 0.014% 100%

Abiotic

depletion

(fossil fuels)

MJ 1.4x104 430 6.4x104 1.1x105 930 380 3.8x105 120 1200 300 5.7x105

% 2.5% 0.075% 11% 19% 0.16% 0.067% 66% 0.021% 0.21% 0.053% 100%

TRACI 2.1

Global

warming

kg CO2 eq 1.4x104 280 5900 690 1000 34 4.4x104 7.6 180 220 6.6x104

% 21% 0.42% 8.9% 1.0% 1.5% 0.051% 66% 0.012% 0.27% 0.33% 100%

Ozone

depletion

kg CFC-11

eq 5.0x10-4 6.8x10-5 5.1x10-4 1.7x10-4 1.4x10-5 3.8x10-6 2.5x10-3 1.9x10-6 1.1x10-5 3.6x10-6 3.8x10-3

% 13% 1.8% 13% 4.5% 0.37% 0.10% 66% 0.050% 0.29% 0.095% 100%

Acidification kg SO2 eq 63 2.2 21 3.1 0.39 0.17 180 3.4x10-2 0.59 0.23 270

% 23% 0.81% 7.8% 1.1% 0.14% 0.063% 66% 0.013% 0.22% 0.085% 100%

Eutrophication kg N eq 38 0.36 37 0.78 15 0.12 180 8.7x10-3 0.61 5.5 280

% 14% 0.13% 13% 0.28% 5.4% 0.043% 65% 3.1x10-3% 0.22% 2.0% 100%

Smog kg O3 eq 730 42 230 75 8.8 2.4 2200 0.83 8.0 3.0 3300

% 22% 1.3% 7.0% 2.3% 0.27% 0.073% 66% 0.025% 0.24% 0.092% 100%

Fossil fuel

depletion

MJ eq 1.1x104 570 4.8x103 1.4x103 120 30 3.6x104 16 120 34 5.4x104

% 20% 1.1% 9% 2.6% 0.22% 0.056% 66% 0.030% 0.22% 0.063% 100%

.


………..…………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………

13

Table 9. Resource use, waste and outflows for the 76 mm Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® panel products per 100 m2 for the lifetime of

the building, 75 years. Results reported in MJ are calculated using lower heating values. All values are rounded to two significant digits.

Impact

Category Unit

A1

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

pro

cess

ing

A2

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

A3

- M

an

ufa

ctu

rin

g

A4

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

pro

cess

ing

A5

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

B2

– M

ain

ten

an

ce

B4

- R

ep

lace

me

nt

C2

- T

ran

spo

rta

tio

n

C3

- W

ast

e P

roce

ssin

g

C4

- D

isp

osa

l

Total

Use of renewable

primary energy

excluding the

renewable primary

energy resources

used as raw

materials

MJ 9.2x103 44 1.1x105 98 14 360 2.4x105 0.93 82 9.1 1.2x105

% 2.6% 0.012% 31% 0.027% 3.9x10-3% 0.10% 67% 2.6x10-4% 0.023% 2.5x10-3% 100%

Use of renewable

primary energy

resources used as

raw materials

MJ 0 0 5.4x105 0 0 0 1.1x106 0 0 0 1.6x106

% 0% 0% 33% 0% 0% 0% 67% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Use of non-

renewable primary

energy excluding

the non-renewable

primary energy

resources used as

raw materials

MJ 9.3x104 3300 7.0x104 9500 850 330 3.5x105 91 660 230 5.3x105

% 18% 0.62% 13.18% 1.8% 0.16% 0.062% 67% 0.017% 0.12% 0.043% 100%

Use of non-

renewable primary

energy resources

used as raw

materials

MJ

1.8x105 0 0 0 0 0 3.6x105 0 0 0 5.4x105

33% 0 0 0 0 0 67% 0 0 0 100%

Use of secondary

materials

kg 360 0 0 0 0 0 720 0 0 0 1100

% 33% 0 0 0 0 0 67% 0 0 0 100%

Use of renewable

secondary fuels MJ Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg.

Use of non-

renewable

secondary fuels

MJ Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg.

Use of net fresh

water

m3 0 0 0 0 0 1.5x104 0 0 0 0 1.5x104

% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Neg. = Negligible


………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

14


Table 10. Resource use, waste and outflows for the 108 mm Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® panel products per 100 m2 for the lifetime of

the building, 75 years. Results reported in MJ are calculated using lower heating values. All values are rounded to two significant digits.

Impact

Category Unit

A1

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

p

roce

ssin

g

A2

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

A3

- M

an

ufa

ctu

rin

g

A4

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

p

roce

ssin

g

A5

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

B2

– M

ain

ten

an

ce

B4

- R

ep

lace

me

nt

C2

- T

ran

spo

rta

tio

n

C3

- W

ast

e P

roce

ssin

g

C4

- D

isp

osa

l

Total

Use of

renewable

primary energy

excluding the

renewable

primary energy

resources used

as raw materials

MJ 1.3x104 5.2x104 1.1x105 100 14 360 3.5x105 1.1 120 12 5.3x105

% 2.5% 10% 21% 0.019% 2.7x10-3 % 0.068% 67% 2.1x10-4% 0.023% 2.3x10-3% 100%

Use of

renewable

primary energy

resources used

as raw materials

MJ 0 0 5.4x105 0 0 0 1.1x106 0 0 0 1.6x106

% 0% 0% 33% 0% 0% 0% 67% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Use of non-

renewable

primary energy

excluding the

non-renewable

primary energy

resources used

as raw materials

MJ

1.2x105 4100 7.0x104 1.0x104 850 330 4.1x105 110 940 270 6.2x105

19% 0.67% 11% 1.6% 0.14% 0.054% 66% 0.018% 0.15% 0.044% 100%

Use of non-

renewable

primary energy

resources used

as raw materials

MJ

1.8x105 0 0 0 0 0 3.6x105 0 0 0 5.4x105

33% 0 0 0 0 0 67% 0 0 0 100%

Use of

secondary

materials

kg 490 0 0 0 0 0 980 0 0 0 1500

% 33% 0 0 0 0 0 67% 0 0 0 100%

Use of

renewable

secondary fuels


Use of non-

renewable

secondary fuels


Use of net fresh

water

m3 0 0 0 0 0 1.5x104 0 0 0 0 1.5x104

% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Neg. = Negligible


………..…………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………

15

Table 11. Waste and outflows for the 76 mm Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® panel products per 100 m2 for the lifetime of the building,

75 years. Results reported in MJ are calculated using lower heating values. All values are rounded to two significant digits.

Impact

Category Unit

A1

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

pro

cess

ing

A2

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

A3

- M

an

ufa

ctu

rin

g

A4

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

pro

cess

ing

A5

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

B2

- M

ain

ten

an

ce

B4

- R

ep

lace

me

nt

C2

- T

ran

spo

rta

tio

n

C3

- W

ast

e P

roce

ssin

g

C4

- D

isp

osa

l

Total

Hazardous

waste

kg 0.24 2.2x10-3 0.16 6.4x10-3 8x10-3 1.6x10-3 0.83 6.1x10-5 2.69 3.1x10-4 3.9

% 6.1% 0.056% 4.1% 0.16% 0.20% 0.041% 21% 1.5x10-3 % 68% 7.9x10-3 % 100%

Bulk waste kg 1100 130 670 480 5000 11 15000 4.5 32 1400 8800

% 4.7% 0.55% 2.8% 2.0% 21% 0.047% 63% 0.019% 0.14% 5.9% 100%

Radioactive

waste

(high-level)

kg 0.029 2.7x10-4 0.059 0.0 7.4x10-5 2.3x10-4 0.18 0.0 2.3x10-4 4.4x10-6 0.27

% 11% 0.10% 22% 0% 0.028% 0.09% 67% 0% 0.087% 1.7x10-3 % 100%

Radioactive

waste

(low-level)

kg 0.15 0.023 0.30 0.067 0.0055 0.0010 1.09 6.4x10-4 0.0027 1.1x10-4 0.55

% 27% 4.1% 55% 12% 1.0% 0.18% 66% 0.12% 0.49% 0.02% 100%

Components

for re-use kg - - - - - - -- - - - -

Materials for

recycling kg 0 0 2200 0 5600 0 15600 0 530 0 8300

Materials for

energy

recovery

kg Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg.

Exported

energy MJ Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg.

Neg. = Negligible


………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

16


Table 12. Waste and outflows for the 108 mm thick Kingspan Light + Air UniQuad® panel products per 100 m2 for the lifetime of the

building, 75 years. Results reported in MJ are calculated using lower heating values. All values are rounded to two significant digits.

Impact

Category Unit

A1

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

pro

cess

ing

A2

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

A3

- M

an

ufa

ctu

rin

g

A4

- R

aw

ma

teri

al

ex

tra

ctio

n &

pro

cess

ing

A5

- T

ran

spo

rt t

o

ma

nu

fact

ure

r

B2

- M

ain

ten

an

ce

B4

- R

ep

lace

me

nt

C2

- T

ran

spo

rta

tio

n

C3

- W

ast

e P

roce

ssin

g

C4

- D

isp

osa

l

Total

Hazardous

waste

kg 0.33 2.7x10-3 0.16 6.7x10-3 8.1x10-4 1.6x10-3 1.0 7.4x10-5 3.8 3.6x10-4 5.3

% 6.2% 0.1% 3.0% 0.13% 0.015% 0.030% 19% 1.4x10-3% 72% 6.8x10-3% 100%

Bulk waste kg 1500 170 700 500 5000 11 16000 5.5 4.6 1600 25000

% 16% 1.8% 7.4% 5.3% 53% 0.11% 62% 0.06% 0.48% 16% 100%

Radioactive

waste

(high-level)

kg 3.8x10-2 3.1x10-4 5.9x10-2 0 7.6x10-5 2.3x10-4 0.20 0 3.3x10-4 6.2x10-5 0.29

% 13% 0.11% 20% 0 % 0.026% 0.079% 67% 0% 0.11% 0.021% 100%

Radioactive

waste

(low-level)

kg 0.20 2.8x10-2 0.30 7.1x10-2 5.0 x10-3 1.0x10-3 1.2 7.8x10-4 3.9 x10-3 1.4 x10-3 1.8

% 11% 1.5% 16% 3.9% 0.27% 0.055% 66% 0.043% 0.21% 0.077% 100%

Components

for re-use kg - - - - - - - - - - -

Materials for

recycling kg 0 0 3000 0 5600 0 17000 0 640 0 26000

Materials for

energy

recovery

kg Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg.

Exported

energy MJ Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg.

Neg. = Negligible

5. LCA: Interpretation

The interpretation phase conforms to ISO 14044 with further guidance from the ILCD General Guide for Life Cycle

Assessment. The interpretation included the use of evaluation and sensitivity checks to steer the iterative process during

the assessment, and a final evaluation including completeness, sensitivity, and consistency checks, at the end of the study.

The contributions to indicator results are dominated by the replacement phase (B4), the raw material and extraction phase

(A1) primarily due to the extraction and fabrication of aluminum components of the product, followed by product

manufacturing (A3), and lastly transport, both upstream (A2) and from the manufacturer to user (A4).


………..…………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………

17

6. References

1. Life Cycle Assessment of UniQuad® Wall Panel System. SCS Global Services Report. Prepared for Kingspan

Light + Air. January 2020.

2. ISO 14025:2006 Environmental labels and declarations – Type III environmental declarations – Principles and

Procedures.

3. ISO 14040: 2006 Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and Framework

4. ISO 14044: 2006 Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and Guidelines.

5. ISO 21930: 2017 Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works — Core rules for environmental product

declarations of construction products and services.

6. SCS Type III Environmental Declaration Program: Program Operator Manual. V10.0 April 2019. SCS Global

Services.

7. Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts (TRACI). Dr. Bare, J.,

http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/traci/traci.html

8. CML-IA Characterization Factors. Leiden University, Institute of Environmental Sciences. April 2013.

http://cml.leiden.edu/software/data-cmlia.html

9. Ecoinvent Centre (2018) ecoinvent data from v3.5. Swiss Center for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf, 2018,

http://www.ecoinvent.org

10. European Joint Research Commission. International Reference Life Cycle Data System handbook. General guide

for Life Cycle Assessment – Detailed Guidance. © European Union, 2010.

http://cml.leiden.edu/software/data-cmlia.html


For more information, contact:

Kingspan Light + Air

28662 North Ballard Drive, Lake Forest, IL 60045

+1.800.759.6985 | www.kingspanlightandair.us

SCS Global Services

2000 Powell Street, Ste. 600, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA

Main +1.510.452.8000 | fax +1.510.452.8001

environmental product declaration kingspan light + air

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