lecture "open source and open content"

Open Source Software Open Education Open Content/Open Access Open Standards Open Licenses

Did You Know?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cL9Wu2kWwSY

Guy K. Kloss | Open Source and Open Content 1/34

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cL9Wu2kWwSY


Open Source and Open Content158.344 – Module 6

Guy K. Kloss

Computer ScienceMassey University, Albany

Lecture Series – Emerging Issues in ITAuckland, 7 September 2002



Did You Know?

We need to prepare for the future . . .but we don’t know what it’s going to be likeThe current economy (for IT, music, film, press, othermedia) is US oriented, but the US is not going to stayour “yard stick” for measurement

We need to stop following blindly and start tothink and learn for ourselves.



Who has ever . . . ?

. . . read the (MS) EULA?http://2tu.us/mmc

. . . understood the implications?

. . . compared them to an OSS license?


http://2tu.us/mmc


A special “public” parkSteve G. Mann, “Free Source as Free Thought: Architecting FreeStandards,” First Monday, Volume 5, Number 1, 3 January 2000http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/

fm/article/view/723/632


http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/723/632



Reversalism?



Outline

1 Open Source Software

2 Open Education

3 Open Content/Open Access

4 Open Standards

5 Open Licenses



Outline


2 Open Education


4 Open Standards

5 Open Licenses



The majority of all web sites worldwide is hosted by theOpen-Source Apache Web Server.– Netcraft, September 2008 Web Server Survey



An estimated 29 million people use Linux, an Open Sourceoperating system.– Linux Counter (2005)



Open Source Software represents a 23% share of thesoftware market in the US and Europe.– 2007 Gartner Open Source Summit



There are over hundreds of thousands Open Source Softwareapplications available today.



Outline


2 Open Education


4 Open Standards

5 Open Licenses



“He who receives an idea from me,receives instruction himself without lessening mine;as he who lights his taper at mine,receives light without darkening me.”

– Thomas Jefferson



The Theory of Relativity is on YouTubeDarwin’s Theory of Evolution is on iTunes31% of MIT freshmen knew about MIT OCW beforeapplying . . .. . . and it was a significant influence in their decision for35% of them.There is a California Open Source Textbook ProjectAlbany Senior High School and Open Sourcehttp://www.edgazette.govt.nz/Articles/Articles.aspx?ArticleID=7839


http://www.edgazette.govt.nz/Articles/Articles.aspx?ArticleID=7839

http://www.edgazette.govt.nz/Articles/Articles.aspx?ArticleID=7839


Outline


2 Open Education


4 Open Standards

5 Open Licenses



“Imagine a world in which every single person onthe planet is given free access to the sum of allhuman knowledge. That’s what we’re doing.”

– Jimmy Wales (co-founder and promoter of Wikipedia)



Wikipedia topped 10 million articles in 2008The US National Institute of Health mandated inDecember 2007 that all funded researchers make theirpublications openly accessible on the Web.In January 791 universities in 46 European countriesunanimously voted for Open Access mandatesHarvard faculty unanimously voted in February 2008 tomake their scholarly articles openly available to thepublic online.



Outline


2 Open Education


4 Open Standards

5 Open Licenses



Build on good foundations:

“If I have seen further,it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.”

– Sir Isaac Newton



Copyright

Intended for public good to encourage creativityNow 70 years minimumUp to 120 yearsTerms of copyright have been extended 11 times overlast 40 years1998 – Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act(CTEA) added 20 years to termNo new works will enter the public domain until 2018!Poems of Emily Dickinson – 2050Compositions of George Gershwin – 2019–2030



“Just at the time that technology is enabling allsorts of new creativity, to build on this material anddo stuff with it, the law is getting in the way andlocking it up.”

– Lawrence Lessig (founder of Creative Commons)



GNU GPL

General Public LicenseThe freedom to use the software for any purpose.The freedom to change the software to suit your needs.The freedom to share the software with your friends andneighbours.The freedom to share the changes you make.

http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html


http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html


Creative Commons License

Version 3.0 Licenses:

Attribution

Attribution – Noncommercial

Attribution – Noncommercial – No Derivative Works

Attribution – Noncommercial – Share Alike

Attribution – No Derivative Works

Attribution – Share Alike

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/nz


http://creativecommons.org/licenses/nz


Intellectual Property

CopyrightLicenseTrade MarkPatent



Patenting



The rights of the user



Motivation for openness

Should you do open source science?

Three reasons:IdeologicalReproducibility and open communication are supposedto be at the heart of good scienceIdealisticIt’s harder to change the world when you’re trying to dogood science and keep your methods secretPragmaticMaybe having more eyes on your project will help!



Kindle



Open Source cannot be destroyed!

“First they ignore you,then they laugh at you,then they fight you,then you win.”

– Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi,describing the stages of a winning strategy of nonviolentactivism



Stephen Fry says “Happy Birthday” to GNUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfAO0AXMyQU


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfAO0AXMyQU


Questions?

Image by “walknboston”, CC-BY

http://www.flickr.com/photos/walkn/3526522573/


http://www.flickr.com/photos/walkn/3526522573/


Thanks to . . .

Some ideas and content of this talk have been used from:Ellyssa KroskiPresentation “Open and Libraries,”http://www.slideshare.net/ellyssa/

open-and-libraries-presentation

Steve G. Mann“Free Source as Free Thought: Architecting FreeStandards,” First Monday, Volume 5, Number 1,3 January 2000http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.

php/fm/article/view/723/632


http://www.slideshare.net/ellyssa/open-and-libraries-presentation

http://www.slideshare.net/ellyssa/open-and-libraries-presentation



lecture "open source and open content"

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