maasvlakte 2 baseline studies, surveys & monitoring · 2012. 11. 24. · 5 environmental...

Maasvlakte 2

Baseline Studies, Surveys & Monitoring

Name : William Borst & Tiedo VellingaDate : 15 October 2008Place : Tallinn, Estonia

Environmental Monitoring MV2

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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2

Wadden Sea

North Sea

Rotterdam

Hamburg

Maasvlakte 1(1970)

Port of Rotterdam is 3rd Largest port in the worldThroughput 407 million ton

The Hague

Delft

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Access Yangtze harborNet area 1000 haCosts 3 billion EURConstruction 2008 - 2013

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Artist Impression Maasvlakte 2


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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2Some Facts & Figures.

o Port to be extended by 2,000 /1,000 ha (gross/nett)

o First phase (2008-13) : ~300 million m3 sand required

o Borrow area ~15 km offshore (1,5 – 2,5% silt content)

o Due to sand extraction ~8 to 12 million Tonnes of fines and silt (< 63 µm) discharged in North Sea (water column)

o E.I.A. carried out and for approval released into the public domain (April 2007)

o No significant impact predicted on natural processes and marine ecosystem

o Permit for sand extraction : released may 2008

o Execution started on 1st September 2008

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Total project:~ 300 million m3 sand needed

Phase 1:Period 2008 – 20013~ 210 million m3 from North Sea

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The (EIA)

EnvironmentalImpactAssessment

~ 6500 pages

Main report & Appendices

Special studies not included

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Environmental Impact Assessement.

Sand extraction (mainly) by Trailing Suction Hopper Dredge

o Impact is based on cause à effect chain approach, with emphasize on a statistical backing (monitoring)

o Dispersion of silt and fines along th Dutch coast are the main cause of possible effects to be reckoned with, i.e. apart from :noise, air pollution by dredging & construction

o Design & Construct contract à variable time schedule. 150 million - 2 yrs | 100 million - 3 yrs | 60 million – 5 yrs thus various impact scenario’s investigated

o All based on best available knowledge, if lack of knowledge àexpert opinions / (international) workshops and monitoring


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The “Voordelta”

Bird & Habitat Guideline Area

Special Protective zone

MV2

• Maasvlakte 2 lies within the Voordelta

• Voordelta is a Special Protected Area for Birds & Habitat

• In-depth impact assessment followed with state-of-the-art knowledge and tools (Delft3D, FINEL2D) and beyond

• Appropriate Assessments North Sea and Wadden Sea

• International review panel

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Fresh water river discharge combined with tidal flow of the North Sea.

interface between fresh and salt water

“Coastal river”

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High resolution 3D model

£ Detailed 3D model with different domains

£ Tide, river discharges, wind and pressure fields

£ Parallel computing

£ Full year computation takes 3 weeks on cluster

£ Storage capacity 1 TB

£ Model captures essential temporal and spatial patterns

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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2New water-bed formulations

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New concept (with buffering)

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£ Large-scale spatial pattern is well-predicted

£ Temporal mud buffering and releasing at a seasonal scale captured

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Possible Construction order

Design & Construct

To be determined by Contractor :

PUMA


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Zandwinlocatie

5,000 X 3,000 m

Dispersement of the passive plume (fine fraction < 63 µm) due to sand

extration by (TSHD)Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger Source -> Near field -> Far field

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Special protection zone: 25.000 haCompensation factor => 1 : 10

Grote stern Visdief

Zwarte Zeeeend EidereendRoodkeelduiker


• Why ?MV2 removes 2,500 ha of habitat type 1010Less space space and food for fouraging birds

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Baseline (field) Surveys carried out so far (2008)o Benthos (1x) : April thr May 2006 (€ 300,000*)

o Silt survey (3x) : April, July & Oct 2007 (€ 225,000)

o Juvenile fish (3x) : April, July & Oct 2007 (€ 200,000)

o Benthos (1x) : April thr May 2008 (€ 400,000)

o Juvenile Fish (closing report) 2008 (€ 100,000)

Baseline (field) Surveys carried out so far (2008)o Benthos re-colonisation April 2009 (€ 200,000)

(*costs : order of magnitude, covering Contracting cost,)


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At each of 100 locations in front of Dutch coastcost of approx. Euro 15,000 / point

o Siltprofiler vertical distrubution of (Sal, Temp, Turbidity, Chlorofyl,

o Watersamples (3 depth) at 25% of locationso ADCP velocity and directiono Demersal & pelagic juvenile fish (48 species)o Benthos (boxcore & sledge tracks)o TRIOS sensor reading April 2007o Sechi deptho satetlite images (remote sensing: TSM, Ch, Kd

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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2Benthos (300 points)2006 (left) & 2008 (right)

Boxcore and benthic slegde tracks (150 m)

Extend of survey 2008 adapted w.r.t. Model results

Near sand extraction pits re-colonisation will be monitored in detail more detail (extra 50 point to be added)

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Example : Biomass [gr/m2]Shells, excluding Ensis and some (lesscommon) species

Example : No. / m2All Shells.


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•Silt & Juvenile fishsimultaneously (100 points) in 2007 April, July & October

Juvenile fish :Bottom trawl (2m) demersal fish Plankton gear

pelagic fish

Silt survey :Siltprofiler

compl vertical profile Watersampleslab analysis

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Baseline Juvenele Fish : o 20 lines (perpendicular to the coast)

o Ca. 5 point on each line (depth related)

o Total 100 points

o Demersale (bottom) fish -> beam-trawl

o Pelagic (watercolomn) fish -> Plankton-gear

Aim / Goal :

Establish Condition of juvenile fish expressed as the Weight – Length relationship for ALL fish caught


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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2113048,20227771800123585,82478424700131075,50155515800138800,16030937000168874,28919702800173897,75686073700178057,02181285700183169,24520226600185487,93786545900188030,13976193600190265,00943189800193083,08340162700198064,07021798500205857,27923729000219084,10441640500221428,85379809600224925,68950662700241641,69735221900245130,12856365800247711,82111395100250151,16587239900252702,32604641400255684,97142136400259599,93373613400262965,50090388400265338,49819423100268161,19964556300274559,54997730000277042,74844079700279455,07889787700292562,87866565800295033,67365664400296666,47831574600299187,14316931400300873,55895648900302443,55660697100304186,73935275800306540,75615066700308252,13371132400316477,82089805100318180,20350964800321465,58822143200323007,74603790800324545,91493579000326339,26250639400328544,70186778700330337,84145560600332952,27569612500334704,81938517600336478,59348046100338086,07877719300340047,96156163200341423,76752578700363385,55134840600365764,90939658000368273,76228342600375660,54601817100379194,77806627600381442,77806627600386474,00816496400388893,00816496400394540,93252853100397069,34669443000399555,34669443000420745,53930475100422510,89107820400425020,74833210800427330,59619695400

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RotterdamBorrow areas

Juvenile Fish survey : project area (~30 x 150 km2)

Silt survey (2007) 100 points / 20 lines(perpendicular to the coast)

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harnasmannetje, [neushangertje, oudewijfskaak, oude grootje, oude vent, postkop]PoggeAgonus cataphractus

zandspieringSandeel lesser Ammodytes tobianus

glasgrondel, [doorschijnende grondel]Goby transparentAphia minuta

51,4

51,6

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3 3,5 4 4,5 5

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3 3,2 3,4 3,6 3,8 4 4,2 4,4 4,6 4,8

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3 3,2 3,4 3,6 3,8 4 4,2 4,4 4,6 4,8


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• Example sheet of baseline report Juvenile fishReport

For each periode April, July and October the distribution is givenper specie

LocationNumber of fishCondition

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Nulmetingen mbt Maasvlakte 2

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POR’s own Siltprofiler and Survey boat “ms. Spirit”“Old” version “New” version


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Quality of watercolumn (silt) in project areaSiltProfiler (develoloped by WL|Delft / IMDC)

o Pressure (depth w.r.t water surface)

o Conductivity (à salt concentration)

o Temperature

o Extinction : short (à turbidity / visibilty)

o Extinction : long (à turbidity / )

o Optical Back Scatter : Seapoint (à turbidity / )

o Chlorolyl-a (à algea)

Via the survey vessel

o ADCP : current speed & direction

o Echosounder : Water depth between stations (verification)


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no. 5 zwartno. 6 blauwno. 7 groenno. 8 rood

Waarneming op datum & tijdstip : 18-4-2007 Diepte is Y-as (tov waterspiegel = druksensor) Location No. 5-6-7-8

mS/cm

-2000

-1800

-1600-1400

-1200-1000

-800-600

-400-200

030 32 34 36 38 40 42 44

mg/l long

-2000-1800

-1600-1400

-1200

-1000-800

-600

-400

-2000

0 100 200 300 400

mg/l short

-2000

-1800-1600

-1400-1200

-1000

-800-600

-400-200

00 100 200 300 400

mg/l Seapoint

-2000

-1800

-1600-1400

-1200-1000

-800-600

-400

-200

00 100 200 300 400 500

Graden C

-2000

-1800-1600

-1400-1200

-1000

-800-600

-400-200

08 9 10 11 12 13

Chlorofyl

-2000-1800-1600-1400-1200

-1000

-800-600-400

-2000

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Chlorofyl / Seapoint

-2000-1800

-1600-1400-1200

-1000

-800-600-400

-2000

0 100 200 300 400 500

Volts Batterij

-2000-1800

-1600-1400-1200

-1000

-800-600-400

-2000

12 12,5 13 13,5

Raai bij Petten


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Earth Observations for Maasvlakte 2

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1 8 -7 -2 0 0 7 1 0 :0 01 9 -7 -2 0 0 7 1 1 :0 0

D e p th C la s s e s ? D a te - t im e ( t id e p h a s e ) ?

2 .5 -7 .5 m 7 .5 -1 2 .5 m 1 2 .5 -1 7 .5 m

S e a p o in t

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Profiles for various depth classes at corresponding tide conditions on 2 consecutive days (18 & 19 July 2007)

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EARTH OBSERVATION (Remote sensing)It was decided in 2006 to pursue the feasibilty of earth observations for the port’s monitoring obligations.

discharge of fines at borrow areaà silt concentrations (TSM) along Ducth coastà resulting changes in turbidity à impact on chlorophyle àresulting primary production à etc.

Sponsor of a pilot project “T0TSM” initiated by :

o Delft Hydraulic Laboratories, (WL | Delft), Delft

o Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Univ. Amsterdam

financed (50%) by Netherlands Agency for Aerospace Programmes (NIVR)

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T0TSM : Remote Sensing and Data-Model Integrationusing the hydraulic numerical models especially developed for the

Maasvlakte 2 project and combine them with available satelite imagery.

Remote Sensing and Statistical ToolsAt the same time PMV2 decided to initiate a second route using the

same satellite imagery and applying statistical tools only (multiple linear

regression analysis).

This is carried out by : Consultancy Data-Analyse Ecology

PURPOSE :

explain past & predict future dispersion of silt as a function of the discharge at the dredge site (online management tool)


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Thank You for your attention


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Analyse SeaWiFS images with multiple lineairregression

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Earth Observations for Maasvlakte 2COSTS & ACCURACY

o The initial costs to develop the above described systems using the observations are high, and should be considered an investment for the future. The baseline surveys in the field shall establish sufficient calibration data !!

o Once the system is operational the costs, compared to “regular”surveys out on the North Sea, are far less. Savings may be a factor 10 to 100 per sampling point.

o Monitoring can be done whenever a new remote sensing image of the project area is available. (behind a desk)

o The more data becomes available the higher the accuracy of the predictions. Ratio of measuring points per year (150 x 80 km2) field survey : remote sensing à 600 : 1,500 to 6,300

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Earth Observations for Maasvlakte 2APPLICABILITY FOR OTHERS (Boundary Conditions)

o The initiator must have sufficient in-house knowledge concerning the “case” to be monitored, but in most instances will need to hire the required expertise from outside sources.

o The statistical approach can always be done provided field calibration data is acquired. Furthermore data on tides, currents and waves is also essential, in The Netherlands this is readily availble in the public domain (RIKZ).

o The remote sensing and data-model integration technique implies that an uptodate numerical model should be available. The setting up and running of such models is specialist’s work and outsourced in nearly all cases.

o The satellite images can be obtained from public or commerical sources but always need special elaboration for both techniques.

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SPM concentration at the sea surfaceretrieved from MERIS RR data on July15, 2003. Colorscale 10log(mg/l), sameas center panel.

SPM concentration of the surface layer fromDelft3D WAQ model, July 15, 2003 (without data assimilation). Colorscale 10log(mg/l).

Available in situ monitorings stations of SPM in Dutch and Belgian waters for hindcast year2003. Colorbar: nr. of samples per year per station.


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For details reference is made to poster presentation

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Technical publications are prepared and will follow soon

maasvlakte 2 baseline studies, surveys & monitoring · 2012. 11. 24. · 5 environmental...

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