major findings ppt
TRANSCRIPT
Major Findings of the GRAD Qualitative Midterm Review
February 2016
Amelia Conrad, Mahlet Gashaw, & Emily Hillenbrand
Data Analysis
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Data Analysis
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Data Analysis
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Data Analysis
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Behavior Changes among Women
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Most Common Behavior Changes among Women
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Culture of savings was the most frequent domain of change for women, often via VESA participation.
“Now we are saving and we can have financial stability…Before when our family dies we used to borrow money from informal money lenders, but now we use the money from our savings.”
-- 40 year-old female leader, Shebedino
“The training has taught us we have to save in order to survive after the phase out of PSNP.”
-- 40 year-old woman from FHH, Anshokela
Most Common Behavior Changes among Women
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Women are engaging more in diverse income-generating activities.
Income and Income-Generating Activities among Women
Number of Times Reported
Women participate in petty trading/diversify IGAs 17
Women invest in agricultural activities 7
Women adopt new livestock management techniques 6
“I am more business-minded now. I sell maize when it’s not the season for maize so that it’s more expensive to sell so that I can
get more money with it.” – 30 year-old female leader, Rafu Hargisa
Most Common Behavior Changes among Women
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Women are increasingly having family discussions, with husbands and with children.
Changes Related to Family Discussions and Decision-Making among Women
Number of Times Reported
Parents began involving their children in discussions 15
Women started discussions with their husbands 8
Women have increased decision-making power 3
“I started having family discussions when I realized that I could have four diversified ideas from my three children including
myself.” – 30 year-old woman from FHH, Hawassa Zuria
Most Common Behavior Changes among Women
10
Changes related to girls’ education were only noted by women from FHH .
“Now I will send both my children to school (boy and girl).” – 34 year-old woman from FHH, Hawassa Zuria
There were many observations to the effect that GBV and some HTPs have been diminishing.
Changes Related to GBV and HTPs among Women Number of Times Reported
Women avoid early marriage and/or abduction 9
Women work to reduce female genital cutting 5
Women refuse to participate in wife inheritance custom 3
Most Common Behavior Changes among Women
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Changes in nutrition and eating habits were most common among women from FHH.
“Earlier if there is an occasion like a wedding, husband and wife will not go together. Nowadays women have started sitting
together with husbands and men in public gathering.” – 35 year-old woman from FHH, Hawassa Zuria
Women began to participate in VESAs, community meetings, and public ceremonies, like weddings and funerals.
Changes in Nutrition among Women Number of Times Reported
Women are able to improve their children’s nutrition 15
Women participate in micro-gardening 4
Women’s nutritional practices improve 3
Other Behavior Changes among Women
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Domain of Change Specific Changes Number of Times Reported
Women’s value and worth in society
Female GRAD participants serve as role models in their communities
5
Women participating in program and behavior changes experience greater acceptance in their communities
2
Women raise their aspirations 2
Workload sharing Mothers assign tasks equally to sons and daughters
6
Women participate in more agricultural activities 2
Changes in the relationship
Women eat with men 6
Women show and feel respect in relationships and fight less often with their spouses
Women have begun sitting together with men
Least Common Behavior Changes among Women
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Behavior Changes among Men
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Most Common Behavior Changes among Men
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Workload sharing was the most frequent domain of change for men.• Easiest: fetching water, collecting firewood, cooking wat, making coffee, &
caring for children• Hardest: processing enset, making injera, cleaning tools
Most Common Behavior Changes among Men
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There were a significant number of behavior changes reported in the category of family discussions and decision-making, particularly related to livelihood
decisions such as the sale of produce and livestock.
Changes Related to Family Discussions and Decision-Making among Men
Number of Times Reported
Men discuss selling agricultural products and livestock with their wives
76
Men use family discussions to resolve conflicts 2
“Men started to discuss with their wives on selling grain and livestock.”
– 24 year-old man, Anshokela
Most Common Behavior Changes among Men
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Changes in the husband-wife relationship centered on themes of respect and trust--especially in financial matters.
Relationship Changes among Men Number of Times Reported
Men eat with their wives 32
Men seek their wives’ help on financial matters 19
“Women started to manage resources equally with men. Men started to trust them to take responsibility.”
– 30 year-old man, Rafu Hargisa
Most Common Behavior Changes among Men
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Changing behaviors and attitudes around girls’ education reflects an appreciation for the value of education and the abilities of the girl child.
Changes Related to Girls’ Education among Men Number of Times Reported
Men support education for both boys and girls 52
Men recognize the value of educating girls 16
“Men started to send children to school understanding the concept that teaching women is teaching the community.”
– 38 year-old role model, Rafu Hargisa
Most Common Behavior Changes among Men
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GBV and HTP-related behavior changes were reported approximately twice as often for role model men than for “regular” men, indicating that increased
training and emphasis on gender equity may help foster change even on challenging issues such as these.
Changes Related to GBV & HTPs among Men Number of Times Reported
Men decrease the use of household violence 22
Men choose not to have their daughters undergo FGC and discourage the practice
10
Men stop participating in and discourage polygamy 5
Men work to discourage abduction 5
Men work to discourage early marriage 2
Other Behavior Changes among Men
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Domain of Change
Specific Changes Number of Times Reported
Access to MFIs Men began to engage in diffierent IGAs with MFI loans
17
Men are able to borrow from MFIs multiple times
12
Income Generating Activities
Men engage in new or different IGAs 16
Men experience increased agricultural productivity
5
Culture of Savings
Men begin to save 27
Least Common Behavior Changes among Men
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Behavior Changes among Community Leaders
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Most Common Behavior Changes among Community Leaders
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Workload sharing was the most frequent domain of change for community leaders.
• Easiest: fetching water, collecting firewood, cooking wat, & making coffee• Hardest: processing enset, washing clothes, & preparing kocho
Most Common Behavior Changes among Community Leaders
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Community leaders reported changes in their relationships, including eating with their wives and sharing a storage key with their wives, indicating greater
trust.
Relationship Changes among Community Leaders Number of Times Reported
Male leaders share a common storage key with their wives 3
Male leaders eat with their wives 2
“I have a big [cash] box. Now we have a common key.” – 55 year-old leader, Shebedino
Most Common Behavior Changes among Community Leaders
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Two types of new discussions reported by community leaders pertain to household assets, like cattle, and family planning.
Changes in Family Discussions and Decision-Making among Community Leaders
Number of Times Reported
Leaders begin discussions about household assets with their wives
6
Leaders start discussing family planning issues with their wives
1
“The chairperson of the kebele started to discuss issues with his wife, like giving birth, sell cattle.” – 38 year-old leader, Rafu Hargisa
Other Behavior Changes among Community Leaders
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Domain of Change
Specific Changes Number of Times Reported
Access to MFIs Religious leaders take loans and serve as role models
4
Leaders provide advice to their communities about MFI access
2
Conflict Resolution
Leaders help resolve conflicts in their communities
4
Women’s Public Participation
Leaders advise men and women to sit together in public
5
Leaders encourage their husbands to send their wives to VESA meetings
3
Least Common Behavior Changes among Community Leaders
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Enabling Factors
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Enabling Factors
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Enabling Factors
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Obstacles
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Key Areas of Change
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Achievements
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Areas for Further Engagement
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QUESTIONS ?
Reflections
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