manifest destiny america expands westward. in your own words, what is “destiny?” the...
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Manifest DestinyManifest DestinyAmerica Expands
Westward
In your own words, what is “destiny?”In your own words, what is “destiny?”
The definition of “manifest” is:The definition of “manifest” is:
– Clear or apparentClear or apparent
In the mid-1800s, Americans believed they In the mid-1800s, Americans believed they had a clear destiny to expand across the had a clear destiny to expand across the continent, from sea to shining seacontinent, from sea to shining sea
“Eastward I go only by force, but westward I go free.”- Henry David Thoreau
Write this on a piece of paper that will become Write this on a piece of paper that will become your “Manifest Destiny DBQ”!your “Manifest Destiny DBQ”!
Other Other ReasonsReasons for Westward for Westward Expansion:Expansion:Escape religious persecutionEscape religious persecutionFind new markets for tradeFind new markets for tradeClaim land for farming, ranching, and Claim land for farming, ranching, and miningminingLocate Pacific harborsLocate Pacific harborsSpread democracy!Spread democracy!
Writing a DBQ A DBQ is a Document-Based Question You must read and analyze primary/secondary
source documents to help answer a historical question
After reading the documents, you develop an argument (thesis) to answer the question
The point is to show that you can read and analyze documents and DEFEND YOUR ARGUMENT!
These are designed to be about 5 paragraphs…. We will start with just planning, then 3, then 5!
Manifest Destiny DBQ Planning The Question The Thesis
– A thesis is the main ARGUMENT of the paper– How can you make a historical argument?
Introduction– This includes background information about your topic– (In this case, you need to address how/why Manifest
Destiny developed in America in the 1800s) 3 Points
– This essay lays them out for you– For each point, you need to include solid information
FROM THE DOCUMENTS and from your PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE to support your argument
– In your planning, write bullet points for now but include PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS (see the board)
The Conclusion (This will come later…)
““American Progress” by John GastAmerican Progress” by John Gast
How are these ideas of “Manifest Destiny” reflected in the following pieces of artwork?
““Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way” by Emanuel Leutze Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way” by Emanuel Leutze
Sectional Differences Emerge
Missouri Territory applies for statehoodWhy is this a problem?There are an equal number of slave/free states, Missouri would tip the balanceHenry Clay – Missouri Compromise (1820)Missouri = slaveMaine = free (split from Massachusetts)36-30 line: north= free, south = slave
Missouri Compromise
Texan Independence Primary Source Activity
For Documents A-D answer the following questions (COMPLETE SENTENCES!):– Who wrote it? (Name, Mexican or American, Date)
– According to this document, why did Texans decide to declare independence in 1836?
– Do you trust the perspective of this document? Why or why not?
Conclusion: Based on all 4 documents, do you think the Texans were justified in declaring independence?
Expansion, Conflict, & Expansion, Conflict, & War in TexasWar in Texas
Sam Houston
“Remember the Alamo!”
1. Why did Mexico want Americans to settle in 1. Why did Mexico want Americans to settle in Texas?Texas?
To help defend and develop the province To help defend and develop the province economicallyeconomically
2. Why did Americans want to settle in Texas?2. Why did Americans want to settle in Texas? Abundant, cheap, fertile land with a small Abundant, cheap, fertile land with a small
populationpopulation
Expansion & Conflict in Texas
3. What brought American settlers into conflict with 3. What brought American settlers into conflict with the Mexican government?the Mexican government?They did not convert to Roman Catholicism They did not convert to Roman Catholicism (remained Protestants) & they ignored Mexico’s ban (remained Protestants) & they ignored Mexico’s ban on slaveryon slavery
4. What happened at the 4. What happened at the Alamo?Alamo?Texas rebelled against Texas rebelled against Mexican ruleMexican ruleSanta Anna attacks the Santa Anna attacks the Alamo to put down the Alamo to put down the rebellionrebellion12 days of fighting, Mexico wins, then kills every 12 days of fighting, Mexico wins, then kills every prisoner; “prisoner; “Remember the AlamoRemember the Alamo!!”” * Video* Video
5. Why was the U.S. at first reluctant to 5. Why was the U.S. at first reluctant to annex Texas?annex Texas?
Northern Democrats did not want to add Northern Democrats did not want to add another big, powerful slave stateanother big, powerful slave state
6. What promises did 6. What promises did Polk make to help Polk make to help him win the election him win the election (of 1844)?(of 1844)?
To make Northern To make Northern Democrats happy, he Democrats happy, he promises to get all of promises to get all of Oregon from Great Oregon from Great Britain or go to war; Britain or go to war; *“54-40 or Fight!”**“54-40 or Fight!”*
54 Line
Why did Polk need to satisfy the interests of Northerners
specifically?
7. What did Polk do 7. What did Polk do that left many that left many Northern Democrats Northern Democrats feeling betrayed?feeling betrayed?
To avoid war with To avoid war with Great Britain, Polk Great Britain, Polk compromised on compromised on Oregon in order to Oregon in order to fight Mexico (British fight Mexico (British kept what became kept what became British Columbia)British Columbia)
The Mexican-American WarThe Mexican-American War
1846-18481846-1848
America AchievesAmerica AchievesManifest DestinyManifest Destiny
The Gadsden Purchase, The Gadsden Purchase, the Wilmot Proviso, and the the Wilmot Proviso, and the
California Gold RushCalifornia Gold Rush
EQ: How did America achieve its “Manifest Destiny?”EQ: How did America achieve its “Manifest Destiny?”
What formally ended the Mexican-American War?What formally ended the Mexican-American War? Treaty of Guadalupe HidalgoTreaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Mexican Cession)(Mexican Cession) US adds 1.2 million square milesUS adds 1.2 million square miles Mexico was humiliated by the treaty, bitter toward Mexico was humiliated by the treaty, bitter toward
US for many yearsUS for many years
US added more territory with theUS added more territory with theGadsden Purchase (1853)Gadsden Purchase (1853)
Bought from MexicoBought from Mexico, consisted of the , consisted of the southern southern parts of Arizona & New Mexicoparts of Arizona & New Mexico
Needed to runNeeded to runtranscontinental RRtranscontinental RR
How is this further contributing to
Manifest Destiny?
What issue continued to What issue continued to dividedivide the nation? the nation?– SLAVERYSLAVERY, and its expansion, and its expansion
Whig Congressman David Wilmot proposes Whig Congressman David Wilmot proposes the the Wilmot ProvisoWilmot Proviso::
Proposed law would Proposed law would ban slavery in all lands won ban slavery in all lands won from Mexicofrom Mexico
Law DID NOT passLaw DID NOT pass Lands won from Lands won from
Mexico increased Mexico increased North/South tensionsNorth/South tensions
Proposed in Congress for 15 more yearsProposed in Congress for 15 more yearsWhy do you think the Wilmot Proviso didn’t pass?
President President James K. PolkJames K. Polk = = “Expansionist “Expansionist President”President”
Polk Polk SUPPORTS SUPPORTS Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny
The California Gold RushThe California Gold Rush
What was it?What was it? Mass migration to California Mass migration to California
after the discovery of gold in after the discovery of gold in 18481848
Who was involved?Who was involved? ““49ers” = Gold Rush miners49ers” = Gold Rush miners
Where did they come from?Where did they come from? Across the US & other Pacific Rim nationsAcross the US & other Pacific Rim nations (South (South
America, China)America, China)
The California Gold Rush - EffectsThe California Gold Rush - Effects
Conditions of the campsConditions of the camps Crowded, poor sanitation, violenceCrowded, poor sanitation, violence
Population boom of…Population boom of… San FranciscoSan Francisco
Groups facing Groups facing discriminationdiscrimination
Indians, Chinese, & Indians, Chinese, & Mexicans; Mexicans; taxed, terrorizedtaxed, terrorized
The California Gold Rush - EffectsThe California Gold Rush - Effects
____________ applies for statehood…____________ applies for statehood… CaliforniaCalifornia
Increases the debate Increases the debate over…over…
SlaverySlavery 15 free states, 15 slave15 free states, 15 slave
Would later lead Would later lead to the…to the…
Civil WarCivil War