Mastering NT GreekMastering NT Greek

6. Preping for Prepositions

By Ted Hildebrandt © 2003

Baker Academic

Warm-upsWarm-ups

Present Active Indicative (PAI) Present Active Indicative (PAI) Verb ChantVerb Chant

lu<w I loose lu<w lu<omen lu<eij lu<ete lu<ei lu<ousi(n)

2-1-2 Noun Forms Chant2-1-2 Noun Forms Chant 2 1 2 lo<goj grafh< i[ero<nlo<gou grafh?j i[erou?lo<g& graf^? i[er&?lo<gon grafh<n i[ero<nlo<goi grafai< i[era<lo<gwn grafw?n i[erw?nlo<goij grafai?j i[eroi?jlo<gouj grafa<j i[era<

Memory Verse -- Jn 1:1Memory Verse -- Jn 1:1

]En a]rx^? h#n o[ lo<goj, in the beginning was the wordkai> o[ lo<goj h#n pro>j to>n

qeo<n, and the word was with Godkai> qeo>j h#n o[ lo<goj. and the word was God

What is a preposition?What is a preposition?

Usually small words that relate two words or ideas in time, space or logic

He went into the house. He went before the meeting. He came because he left his book.Adverbial: He went after the game.Adjectival: Pick up the book on the table.

Prepositional phrasesPrepositional phrases

String of closely connected words Prep. + Object of Prep. upon + the roof beside + the tree after + the song

Casing the prepositionsCasing the prepositions

Each preposition has a favorite case (two or three) that it takes.

Do not use the keywords (of [Gen]; to/for/at [Dat]) with the cases when they go with a preposition.

Prepositions often extend, specify or develop an aspect of the accompanying case

Remember another to look Remember another to look at caseat case

Accusative Dative Genitive

Motion to/into in Motion away from

in

One case prepositions: GenitiveOne case prepositions: Genitivea]po< = from, of, because of, by + Genitive

– Genitive has separation idea– a]po> tou? no<mou -- from the law– a]f ] u[mw?n -- from you – a]p ] au]tou? –from him– Note if a prep. ends in a vowel and is

followed by a word that starts with a vowel and a rough breathing, the vowel of the prep. will drop out and often the preceding consonant will be changed.

One case prepositions (Gen.)One case prepositions (Gen.)

e]k – from, out of, of, because of + Gen.– e]k th?j basilei<aj – out of the kingdom

– e]c ou]ranou? -- from heaven– What is the difference between exegesis

and eisogesis?– e]k and a]po< overlap (e]k = from

the midst; a]po< from the edge [D&M]; andgenitive of separation.

One case prepositions (Dat.)One case prepositions (Dat.)

e]n -- in, on, at, when, among + Dat. – e]n tai?j kardi<aij

– in the heartssu<n – with + Dat.

– su>n t&? a]gge<l& – with the angel

One case prepositions (Acc.)One case prepositions (Acc.)ei]j -- into, to, in, among, for + Acc.

– ei]j th>n oi]ki<an Pe<trou– Into Peter’s house

pro<j – to, toward, with + Acc. – pro>j tou>j maqhta<j – to the disciples

4-Two case prepositions4-Two case prepositionsdia< -- (Gen.) through, by, during

– dia> ]Ieremi<ou tou? profh<tou

– through Jeremiah the prophet

dia< -- (Acc.) because of – dia> to>n lo<gon – because of the word– di ] au]to<n –on account of him

4-Two case prepositions 4-Two case prepositions

kata< -- (Gen.) down, against – kata> tou? laou? – against the people

kata< -- (Acc.) according to, during– KATA IWANNHN – According to John– kaq ] h[me<ran – during a day– kat ] au]to<n – according to him

4-Two case prepositions 4-Two case prepositions

meta< -- (Gen.) with – meta> ]Ihsou? tou? Nazwrai<ou– with Jesus of Nazareth– met ] au]tou? – with him

meta< -- (Acc.) after – meq ] h[me<raj e!c – after six days

4-Two case prepositions4-Two case prepositions

peri< -- (Gen.) for, concerning – peri> tw?n du<o a]delfw?n – concerning the two brothers

peri< -- (Acc.) around, about – peri> th>n a]lh<qeian

– about the truth

1-Three case preposition1-Three case preposition e]pi<e]pi<e]pi< -- (Gen.) on, over

– e]pi> gh?j -- on earthe]pi< -- (Dat.) on, at, against, on the basis

of – path>r e]pi> ui[&? kai> ui[o>j

e]pi> patri<– father against a son and a son against father

e]pi< -- (Acc.) on, to, toward, against – e]pi> tou>j maqhta>j au]tou? – to his disciples

Prepositional Circle of LifePrepositional Circle of Life

peri<around,about

e]pi< on, over.against

ei]jinto, to, in

dia<Through,Because of

pro<j to, with

kata<against, down,According to

e]n – in, at, when

e]k out of, from

a]po<From, of

su<n – with meta< -- with, after

ElisionElision

Prepositions ending in a vowel often drop the final vowel when it comes before a word that begins with a vowel.– di ] e]mou? = (dia< + e]mou?)

through meIf there is a rough breathing mark on the

next word, the final consonant may shift. – meq ] h[me<raj after days

Proclitics and CompoundsProclitics and Compounds

e]n, ei]j, and e]k are proclitics Prepositions often compound with other

words: direction, intensifiers – dia< + ble<pw through + I see– I see clearly

Prepositions Moves ChantPrepositions Moves Chant

e]pi< peri<

pro<j ei]jdia<

e]n e]k a]po<

kata<su<nmeta

<

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

a]po< (Gen.) – from

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

dia< (Gen.) – through

dia< (Acc.) – on account of

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

ei]j (Gen.) – into

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

e]k (Gen.) – out of

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

e]n (Dat.) – in

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

e]pi< (Gen.) – on, over

e]pi< (Dat.) – on, against, at,

on the basis of e]pi< (Acc.)

– on, to, toward, against

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

kata< (Gen.) – down, against

kata< (Acc.) – according to

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

meta< (Gen.) – with

meta< (Acc.) – after, behind

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

peri< (Gen.) – about,

concerning

peri< (Acc.) – around,

near

Chapter 6 VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary

pro<j (Acc.) – to

Ch. 1 -- VocabularyCh. 1 -- Vocabularyangel, messenger

a@ggeloj, -ou, o[ verily, truly

a]mh<n man, humankind

a@nqrwpoj, -ou, o[ I

e]gw<

God

qeo<j, -ou?, o[

Ch. 1 -- Vocabulary Ch. 1 -- Vocabulary and, also, even

kai< heart

kardi<a, -aj, h[ I say

le<gwprophet

profh<thj, -ou, o[Christ, Messiah

Xristo<j, -ou?, o[

Ch. 2 -- VocabularyCh. 2 -- Vocabularybrother

–a]delfo<j, -ou?, o[I hear, obey

–a]kou<wglory, fame

–do<ca, -hj, h[ I have

–e@xwworld

–ko<smoj, -ou, o[

Ch. 2 -- VocabularyCh. 2 -- VocabularyLord, sir

–ku<rioj, -ou, o[ word

–lo<goj, -ou, o[Peter

–Pe<troj, -ou, o[son

–ui[o<j, -ou?, o[ Pharisee

–Farisai?oj, -ou, o[

Ch. 3 -- VocabularyCh. 3 -- Vocabularybut, yet

–a]lla< apostle, sent one

–a]po<stoloj, -ou, o[I see

–ble<pw

for, then

–ga<rI know

– ginw<skw

Ch. 3 -- VocabularyCh. 3 -- VocabularyJesus

– ]Ihsou?j, -ou?, o[ I take, receive

–lamba<nwI loose

–lu<w heaven

–ou]rano<j, -ou?, o[ I believe

–pisteu<w

Ch. 4 -- VocabularyCh. 4 -- Vocabularya]gapa<w

–I lovegra<fw

– I writede<

–but, anddou?loj, -ou, o[

–servant, slaveeu[ri<skw

–I find

Ch. 4 -- VocabularyCh. 4 -- Vocabulary i[ero<n, -ou?, to<

–temple lao<j, -ou?, o[

–people no<moj, -ou, o[

–law oi#koj, -ou, o[

– house

w[j –as, about, how

Ch. 5 -- Vocabulary Ch. 5 -- Vocabulary a]ga<ph, -hj, h[

–lovea]lh<qeia, -aj, h[

–trutha[marti<a, -aj, h[

–sinbasilei<a, -aj, h[

–kingdomgrafh<, -h?j, h[

–writing, Scripture

Ch. 5 -- VocabularyCh. 5 -- Vocabulary

e]gei<rw –I raise up

e]kklhsi<a, -aj, h[ –assembly, church

e@rgon, -ou, to< –work

maqhth<j, -ou?, o[ –disciple

w!ra, -aj, h[ –Hour