saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti

ზ. წვერაიძე, თ. ჭკუასელი, ე. როჭიკაშვილი

მონაცემთა ბაზის შექმნა Microsoft Access-შიsaxelmZRvanelo

damtkicebulia stu-s saredaqcio-sagamomcemlosabWos mier

Tbilisi 2006

uak 681,3.06

ganxilulia monacemTa bazebis daproeqtebis sakiTxebi, maTi Seqmnis da gamoyenebis saSualebebi, romlebic Microsoft Access programaSia realizebuli. moyvanilia bazis ZiriTadi obieqtebis – cxrilebis, moTxovnebis, formebis da angariSebis rogorc agebis, ise redaqtirebis da marTvis wesebi. ganxor-cielebulia maTi ilustrireba magaliTebis da savarjiSoebis saxiT.

მეთოდური მითითებები განკუთვნილია სტუდენტებისა და სხვადასხვა დარგში მომუშავე სპეციალისტებისათვის, რომლებიც თავიანთ საქმიანობაში იყენებენ Microsoft Access პაკეტში შემავალ კომპიუტერულ ტექნოლოგიებს, kerZod, interess iCenen infor-maciis monacemTa bazebSi moTavsebisa da damuSavebis mimarT.

redaqtori: doc. c. uTurgaiZe

recenzentebi: prof. n. CxaiZe, prof. i. miqaZe

© gamomcemloba £”teqnikuri universiteti”, 2006 ISBN 99940-48-32-5

Sesavali

kacobrioba aTeulobiT aTaswleulis manZilze agrovebs codnas da mxolod dRes, XXI saukunis dasawyisSi, daiwyo am uzarmazari moculobis informaciis efeqturad damuSaveba da daxarisxeba. amis sawyis wertilad SeiZleba miviCnioT is momenti, rodesac kompiuteris safuZvelze gaCnda pirveli monacemTa baza. misi analogis Seqmna kompiuteris gareSe warmoudgenelia. SesaZlebelia daiweros wigni, daixazos cxrili, daixatos suraTi, anu kompiuteris gareSe Sesruldes mravali saxis samuSao _ garda monacemTa bazis Seqmnisa. magaliTad, arsebobda da arsebobs kartoTeka, romelic informaciis Semcveli baraTebisagan Sedgeba da misi Senaxvisa da daxarisxebis saqmes emsaxureba. igi monacemTa bazis prototips warmoadgens, magram baraTze ganTavsebuli informaciis damuSavebis – mopovebis, gamoyenebis, Sesworebis da a.S. procesebis ganxorcieleba sakmaod rTulia. amis gamo dRes kartoTeka monacemTa bazis rols veRar asrulebs.

monacemTa bazaSi ori sruliad gansxvavebuli obieqti igulisxmeba: TviT baza, monacemebis uzarmazari masivebi, romelic nedli masalaa da programa _ monacemTa bazis marTvis sistema (mbms), romelic mTeli am informaciuli sivrcis efeqturad gamoyenebis saSualebas iZleva. swored mbms-s Seswevs nebismier moTxovnaze savsebiT konkretuli pasuxis gacemis unari da drois umcires monakveTSi uzarmazari masivebidan saWiro monacemebs saWiro formiT mogvawodebs.

mbms-s samyaro didia da praqtikulad usazRvro, igi gamoiyeneba yvelgan _ internetiT dawyebuli, saSinao ofisebiT damTavrebuli. dRes sakuTari mbms-is gareSe ar funqcionirebs arc erTi msxvili korporacia, saxelmwifo Tu saswavlo dawesebuleba.

msoflioSi monacemTa bazebis marTvis uamravi saxis sistema arsebobs. miuxedavad imisa, rom isini sxvadasxva obieqtebTan gansxvavebulad muSaoben da momxmarebelsac sxvadasxva funqciebs da saSualebebs sTavazoben, mbms-is umravlesoba ZiriTadi cnebebis erTian, Camoyalibebul kompleqss eyrdnoba. es uflebas gvaZlevs ganvixiloT erTi sistema da misi cnebebi, wesebi da meTodebi mbms-is mTel klasze ganvavrcoT. aseT saswavlo obieqtad avirCieT mbms Microsoft Access, romelic Sedis Microsoft Office paketSi. SesaZloa, swored am programuli sistemis Seswavlam daudos safuZveli Tqvens warmatebul karieras.

monacemTa bazis daproeqtebis ZiriTadi principebi

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saxelmZRvanelo gaTvlilia menejerebze, ekonomistebze, iuristebsa da sxva mravali profilis specialistebze. wignSi warmodgenili masalebis mixedviT am dargis specialistebs ar gauWirdebaT sakuTari bazis Seqmna. Tumca, Seqmnili baza ramdenad gamosadegi da mosaxerxebeli iqneba, gamoCndeba maSin, rodesac gaikveva, praqtikaSi dainerga, Tu darCa gamouyenebeli. es bevrad aris damokidebuli imaze, Tu ramdenad sworad iqneba amocana Tavidanve gaazrebuli. araoptimaluri gadawyvetilebebi da Secdomebi, romlebic SesaZloa daproeqtebis etapze iqnas daSvebuli, Semdgom, bazasTan muSaobis dros, mraval sirTules da gaurkvevlobas Seqmnis.

monacemTa bazis daproeqtebis sawyis etapze unda dadgindes Sesasvleli da gamosasvleli monacemebi, romlebsac bazis damproeqtebeli ayalibebs Tavisi samuSaos xasiaTis da misi marTvis miznebis gaTvaliswinebiT. magaliTad, Tu iqmneba baza umaRles saswavlebelSi abiturientTa da studentTa aRricxvisaTvis, saWiroa Seswavlil iqnas reqtoratsa da dekanatebSi arsebuli dokumentebis Sevsebis da maTi mimoqcevis wesebi, agreTve isic, Tu rogor xdeba leqtorebze saswavlo datvirTvis, jgufebze auditoriebis, studentebze saerTo sacxovreblis fondebis ganawileba da a.S.

ZiriTadi monacemebis siis Camoyalibebis Semdeg iqmneba bazis struqtura: dgindeba e.w. sabaziso cxrilebis CamonaTvali da maTSi Sesatani velebis siebi. monacemebis velebSi ganawilebis kriteriumad miiReba sxvadasxva cxrilebSi maTi gameorebis gamoricxva, radgan es gamoiwvevs kompiuteris mexsierebis araefeqtur gamoyenebas. am mizniT viyenebT relaciur (relational) meTods, romlis ZiriTadi principi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom saWiro velebis garda cxrilebs vamatebT urTierTdamakavSirebel velebs – gasaReb- velebs.

im SemTxvevaSic, rodesac baza aranair monacems ar Seicavs (carieli baza), is mainc srulfasovani monacemTa bazaa. masSi monacemebi ar aris Setanili, magram aris informacia _ bazis struqtura. es ukanaskneli bazaSi monacemebis Setanis da Senaxvis meTodebs srulad gansazRvravs. magaliTad, aviRoT monacemTa bazis umartivesi, arakompiuteruli magaliTi _ yoveldRiuri saqmiani Canawerebis wigni, romelSic yoveli kalendaruli dRisaTvis gamoyofilia calke furceli. igi gansxvavdeba ubis wignakisganac da samuSao rveulisganac, radgan mas winaswar gansazRvruli struqtura aqvs.

monacemTa bazis marTvis sistema Seicavs sxvadasxva obieqts, maT Soris ZiriTadi cxrilebia. umartivesi monacemTa baza SeiZleba Sedgebodes Tundac erTi cxrilisagan. aseT dros umartivesi monacemTa bazis struqtura calsaxad cxrilis struqturiT ganisazRvreba.

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rogorc viciT, organzomilebian cxrils qmnian svetebi da striqonebi. monacemTa bazis cxrilis struqturaSi maT analogebs velebi da Canawerebi warmoadgenen. sabaziso cxrilis velebis Semadgenlobis (an maTi Tvisebebis) cvlilebiT icvleba monacemTa bazis struqtura da, Sesabamisad, miiReba axali monacemTa baza.

sworad daproeqtebul monacemTa bazaSi yoveli Canaweri (monacemebiT Sevsebuli striqoni) erTmniSvnelovnad unda iyos identificirebuli, anu mas miniWebuli unda hqondes kodi. aseTi identifikatorebis Semcvel vels (svets) pirveladi gasaRebi ewodeba. identifikatoris konkretuli mniSvneloba velSi Semaval arc erT CanawerSi ar unda meordebodes. pirveladi gasaRebi SeiZleba erTi an ramdenime velisaganac Sedgebodes. zogadad, Canaweris identifikatorad SeiZleba monacemTa raime maxasiaTeblis gamoyeneba. magaliTad, umaRlesi saswavleblis bazaSi studentis kodad SegviZlia studentis individualuri Sifri aviRoT, savaWro dawesebulebis bazaSi – saqonlis artikuli da sxv. Tu cxrilSi aseTi veli ar moipoveba, mas xelovnurad vqmniT _ SevarCevT mTvlelis an sxva tipis vels. magaliTad, mTvlelis tipis velSi TiToeuli Canaweri dainomreba avtomaturad da es nomeri iqneba misi kodi. aseTi tipis velSi, misi Tvisebebidan gamomdinare, mniSvnelobebi ar gameordeba. amrigad, wignis an maRaziis dasaxelebis (40-50 simbolosgan Semdgari) identifikatorad gamoyenebis nacvlad viyenebT mis kods (5-6 simbolo), romelsac CavwerT Sesabamis pirvelad gasaReb-velSi.

TiTqmis yvela Tanamedrove mbms monacemTa relaciur bazis models efuZneba. saxelwodeba “relaciuri” niSnavs imas, rom bazaSi arsebuli yoveli Canaweri Seicavs informacias, dakavSirebuls erT konkretul obieqtTan. ar aris gamoricxuli ori tipis monacemTan, rogorc erT mTlianTan muSaobis SesaZlebloba (magaliTad, klienti da mis mier ganxorcielebuli SekveTa), radgan isini urTierTdakavSirebuli monacemebia. Tu klientis gvari, misamarTi da sxva monacemi Setanili iqneba erTdroulad klientis Sesaxeb cnobebSic da yovel mis mier ganxorcielebul SekveTaSi, miviRebT gameorebul informacias, rac, rogorc iTqva, kompiuteris mexsierebis gamoyenebis TvalsazrisiT mizanSewonili ar aris. amitom relaciur bazaSi SekveTis Canaweri klientis mxolod kods (identifikators) unda Seicavdes. igi Tavsdeba gare gasaReb- velSi. misi meSveobiT yoveli SekveTis informacia dakavSirdeba klientis Sesaxeb cnobebTan (gvari, saxeli misamarTi da a.S.) Sesabamisi cxrilis pirvelad gasaRebTan gaerTianebiT. dublirebis gamoricxvis process normalizaciis procesi ewodeba. gameorebebis sruli gamoricxvac SesaZloa, yovelTvis sasurveli arc iyos da amitom, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, daiSveba gamonaklisi.

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bazis usafrTxoeba

monacemTa baza – es igive failia, magram masTan muSaoba garkveulwilad gansxvavdeba sxva tipis failebTan muSaobisagan. rogorc viciT, Windows-Si failuri struqturis momsaxurebas Tavis Tavze operaciuli sistema iRebs. monacemTa bazebSi usafrTxoebis TvalsazrisiT gansakuTrebuli moTxovnaa dawesebuli da, Sesabamisad, monacemebis Senaxvis mimarTac sxvagvari midgomaa ganxorcielebuli.

Cveulebriv, Windows-Si gamoyenebad programebTan muSaobis dros monacemebis Sesanaxad gavcemT Sesabamis brZanebas. Tu faili jer ar arsebobs, vaniWebT saxels da mTlianad vendobiT operaciul sistemas. Tu fails damaxsovrebis gareSe davxuravT, mTeli Sroma failis Seqmna- redaqtirebaze daikargeba. am mxriv monacemTa bazebi gansakuTrebul struqturebs miekuTvnebian. informacia, romelsac isini Seicaven, xSirad sazogadoebrivi Rirebulebisaa. rogorc wesi, erTsa da imave bazasTan aTasobiT adamiani muSaobs. amitom bazis Semcvelobis mTlianoba arafriT ar SeiZleba romelime momxmareblis raime konkretul moqmedebaze an eleqtroqselis gaumarTaobaze iyos damokidebuli.

monacemTa bazebis usafrTxoebis problemis gadasaWrelad informaciis Senaxvisadmi ori midgomaa ganxorcielebuli. rig operaciebSi yvelafers operaciuli sistema ganagebs, margam zogierTi saxis Senaxvis moqmedeba operaciuli sistemis gverdis avliT xorcieldeba. magaliTad, monacemTa bazis struqturis Secvlis, axali cxrilebis an sxva obieqtebis Seqmnis operaciebi xdeba monacemTa bazis failis Senaxvis dros. amis Sesaxeb mbms afrTxilebs momxmarebels. es globaluri operaciebia. aseT operaciebs arasodes axorcieleben komerciul eqspluataciaSi myof monacemTa bazaze. isini sruldeba mxolod failis aslebze, radgan am SemTxvevaSi gamoTvliTi sistemis muSaobis nebismieri Seferxeba ar iqneba saxifaTo.

amave dros, TviT monacemebis mniSvnelobebis Secvlis operaciebi, romlebic ar cvlian bazis struqturas, maqsimalurad avtomatizebulia da Setyobinebis gareSe sruldeba. Tu cxrilTan muSaobisas monacemebis SedgenilobaSi icvleba raime, am cvlilebis Senaxva moxdeba myisierad, avtomaturad.

Cveulebriv, dokumentSi redaqtirebis Sedegad miRebuli cvlilebis uarsayofad fails ubralod vxuravT damaxsovrebis gareSe da xelaxla gavxsniT winamorbedis asls. magram es meTodi mbms-Si ar muSaobs. aq monacemTa cxrilSi Setanili yvela cvlileba avtomaturad Seinaxeba diskoze Cvengan

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damoukideblad, amitom Senaxvis gareSe failis daxurvis mcdeloba arafers gvaZlevs.

CamoTvlili mizezebis gamo saswavlo eqsperimentebis Catareba eqspluataciaSi myof monacemTa bazaze dauSvebelia. amisaTvis saWiroa Seiqmnas specialuri saswavlo baza an realuri bazis (struqturebis) asli.

monacemTa bazis marTvis sistema Microsoft Access

Microsoft Office programebidan monacemTa bazebis damuSavebis da marTvis sistema Access interfeisis sirTuliT gamoirCeva, amitom rigiT momxmarebels sawyis etapze misi gamoyeneba uZneldeba. es ufro profesiuli programebis rigs miekuTvneba, vidre farTo moxmarebisas, rogorebicaa Word an Excel. winamdebare saxelmZRvaneloSi mkiTxeli gaecnoba Access- is menius punqtebs, calkeul fanjrebSi warmodgenil marTvis brZanebebs da SesaZleblobebs, sistemaSi CarTul funqciebs da sxv. moyvanil savarjiSoebSi warmodgenilia bazis Seqmnis, redaqtirebis da gamoyenebis mravali magaliTi, sakmaod bevri wvrilmanis CaTvliT. sistemis ZiriTadi SesaZleblobebis gacnoba xels Seuwyobs mkiTxvels sakuTari monacemTa bazis SeqmnaSi.

MS Word-is momxmarebeli wrfiv, erTganzomilebian samyaroSi muSaobs, MS Excel-isa _ operirebs ori ganzomilebiT. monacemTa baza ki saSualebas gvaZlevs, davinaxoT informaciuli samyaro sam ganzomilebaSi. faqtiurad, Excel-is cxrili monacemTa bazis samuSao sivrcis mxolod proeqciaa sibrtyeze. amave dros, Excel-is codna xels Seuwyobs momxmarebels Access-is aTvisebaSi, radgan am ukanasknelis safuZvelia isev Excel-is msgavsi cxrilebi. Tanac, Tu vimuSavebT erT cxrilSi, gansxvaveba maT Soris umniSvneloa. magram Tu saqme gvaqvs cxrilebis sistemasTan, gverds ver avuvliT Access programas. magaliTad, Excel-Si Tavisuflad SeiZleba sakuTari musikaluri koleqciis cxrilis Seqmna, magram Tu movindomebT am cxrilisTvis iseTi monacemebis mierTebas, rogoricaa Semsruleblebis biografia, maTi fotosuraTebi, diskografebi da sxv., maSin unda gamoviyenoT Access.

Tu ganvixilavT mcire warmoebas an ofiss, aq sakmaod xSirad gvixdeba aTobiT da asobiT erTmaneTTan dakavSirebul cxrilebs Soris urTierTobis damyareba, raTa erT ujredSi Setanili cvlileba aisaxos Sesabamisi gadakveTili informaciis mqone sxva mraval cxrilSi. garda amisa, magaliTad, kartoTekis Seqmnis dros gvixdeba monacemebis baraTebze gameoreba. msgavsi ram, anu monacemTa dublireba, sworad daproeqtebul monacemTa bazaSi gamoricxulia. Access-Si amas yvelafers warmatebiT SevasrulebT masSi arsebuli SesaZleblobebis gamoyenebiT.

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Access-Si muSaobis dros vsargeblobT yvela im saSualebebiT, rac gaaCnia Microsoft Windows operaciul sistemas: muSaoba fanjrebTan, meniusTan, instrumentTa panelebTan, siebTan da sxv. aqac gamoviyenebT “amoWra/ kopireba/ Casmis” xerxebs, ramodenime obieqtTan erTdroulad muSaobis saSualebebs, Microsoft Office paketSi Semaval sxva dokumentebTan dakavSirebis meTodebs da a.S.

Microsoft Access-is arqiteqtura

Microsoft Access-Si Seqmnili monacemTa baza Seinaxeba failis saxiT .mdb gafarToebiT. faili ramdenime obieqtisagan Sedgeba, esenia: cxrilebi, moTxovnebi, formebi, angariSebi, gverdebi, agreTve makrosebi da modulebi. winamdebare meTodur miTiTebebSi da qvemoT moyvanil savarjiSoebSi Cven ganvixilavT cxrilebis, moTxovnebis, formebis da angariSebis Seqmnis da maTi gamoyenebis wesebs. mokled davaxasiaToT TiToeuli maTgani:

cxrili obieqtia, romelic iqmneba monacemebis Sesanaxad. yoveli cxrili Seicavs sagnis an subieqtis Sesaxeb garkveul informacias (magaliTad, savaWro dawesebulebaSi saqonlis an klientis monacemebs). cxrilis velebi (svetebi) inaxaven sagnis (subieqtis) sxvadasxva maxasiaTeblebs (magaliTad, klientis gvars, misamarTs), xolo Canawerebi (striqonebi) Seicaven konkretuli subieqtis Sesaxeb srul cnobas. yoveli cxrilisTvis SesaZlebelia ganvsazRvroT pirveladi gasaRebi-veli (erTi an ramdenime veli), romelSic Tavsdeba unikaluri mniSvneloba – identifikatori (kodi) da gare gasaRebi-veli, romliTac igi daukavSirdeba saTavo cxrils. erTi an ramdenime velisTvis SeiZleba ganisazRvros agreTve indeqsi _ monacemebze wvdomis daCqarebis specialuri saSualeba.

moTxovna aris obieqti, romelic momxmarebels saSualebas aZlevs miiRos saWiro cnobebi erTi an ramdenime cxrilidan mis mierve Camoyalibebuli struqturiT. moTxovnaSi iseTi operaciebi sruldeba, rogoricaa calkeuli monacemis amorCeva, monacemebis raime principiT daxarisxeba, gafiltvra da sxva. moTxovnis meSveobiT ganxorcieldeba agreTve calkeul monacemebis an maTi jgufis ganaxleba, gauqmeba, damateba. yvela am operaciis Sesruleba SesaZlebelia uSualod cxrilSi, magram drois mogebis da usafrTxoebis TvalsazrisiT umjobesia maTi moTxovnaSi Sesruleba. moTxovnis meSveobiT SesaZlebelia Seiqmnas axali cxrilic, romelSic Setanili iqneba erTi an ramdenime cxrilidan Canawerebis amonarCevis da maTze sxvadasxva ariTmetikuli Tu logikuri moqmedebebis Sesrulebis Sedegebi. amrigad, moTxovna monacemebs sabaziso

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cxrilebidan iyenebs da e.w. damajamebel cxrils qmnis. miRebuli damajamebeli cxrilis droebiTobis xazgasasmelad mas myis suraTs uwodeben. rodesac vmuSaobT monacemTa bazis ZiriTad cxrilebTan, fizikurad saqme gvaqvs myar diskTan, e.i. nela momuSave mowyobilobasTan (es dakavSirebulia monacemebis Senaxvis TaviseburebasTan). xolo moTxovnis safuZvelze miRebuli cxrili aris eleqtronuli cxrili, romelsac myar diskze analogi ar gaaCnia – es aris amorCeuli velebis da Canawerebis saxe. bunebrivia, aseT cxrilTan muSaoba gacilebiT swrafad xorcieldeba. amrigad, monacemebis ZiriTad cxrilebSi, magaliTad, mowesrigebulad Setanas (anbaniT an sxva principiT) azri ar aqvs, radgan axali Canawerebis Setanisas es principi mainc irRveva. am mizniT yovelTvis unda gamoviyenoT moTxovna.

forma obieqtia, romlis daniSnulebaa monacemebis gamartivebuli wesiT Setanis uzrunvelyofa (ara pirdapir cxrilebSi). forma agreTve monacemebis ekranze TvalsaCinod warmodgenis, daTvalierebis da monacemTa bazis zogierTi operaciis marTvis saSualebaa. SesaZlebelia formis printerze dabeWdva. formaSi momxmarebeli mxolod im velebs avsebs, romlebic misTvis aris gankuTvnili. aq SeiZleba marTvis specialuri elementebic moTavsdes (mTvlelebi, gasxnadi CamonaTvlebi, gadamrTvelebi, almebi da sxv.), romlebic Setanis procesis avtomatizebas mniSvnelovnad uwyobs xels. maTi meSveobiT informaciis Setana, anu operatoris Sroma, maqsimalurad gamartivebulia da daSvebuli Secdomebic minimumamde aris dayvanili.

angariSi aris obieqti, gankuTvnili SerCeuli Sedegebis daformatebis, gamoTvlebis Catarebis da sabeWd mowyobilobaze gatanisaTvis. beWdvis win SesaZlebelia misi winaswari gadaxedva ekranze. angariSebSi gaTvaliswinebulia specialuri saSualebebi monacemebis dasajgufeblad, gaformebis specialuri elementebis gamosatanad (zeda da qveda kolontitulebi, gverdis nomeri, damxmare informacia angariSis Seqmnis TariRis Sesaxeb da sxv.).

gverdi monacemTa bazis specialuri obieqtia _ monacemebze wvdomis gverdi. igi HTML kodSi sruldeba da Web-gverdze Tavsdeba. TavisTavad es obieqti ar warmoadgens monacemTa bazas, magram Seicavs komponentebs masTan kavSiris dasamyareblad. am komponentebis meSveobiT momxmarebels SeuZlia im bazis Canawerebis daTvaliereba, romelic serverzea damaxsovrebuli. amrigad, monacemebze wvdomis gverdebi asruleben interfeisis rols klients, serversa da serverze ganTavsebul monacemTa bazas Soris.

makrosi da moduli _ obieqtebis es kategoria gankuTvnilia rogorc ganmeorebadi operaciebis avtomatizebis,

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ise axali funqciebis Seqmnis mizniT. makrosi warmoadgens erTi an ramdenime moqmedebis struqturirebul aRweras da avtomaturad sruldeba romelime xdomilebis sapasuxod. moduli Seicavs Visual Basic enaze daweril programas. igi iqmneba raime uzustobis aRmoCenis da Tavidan acilebis mizniT.

kavSirebi cxrilebs Soris

daproeqtebis bolo etapze vamyarebT kavSirebs cxrilebs Soris, anu vadgenT monacemTa sqemas. kavSiris dasamyareblad saTavo cxrilTan misaerTebel cxrils (daqvemdebarebul cxrils) davamatebT gare gasaReb- vels, romliTac igi SeuerTdeba saTavo cxrilis pirvelad gasaRebs. aq unda iyos mkacrad daculi SeerTebuli velebis tipebis Tanxvedra. magaliTad, Tu pirveladi gasaRebi teqstis tipisaa, gare gasaRebic teqstis tipis unda iyos da a.S. gamonaklisia mTvlelis tipi: Tu am tipisaa pirveladi gasaRebi, maSin gare gasaRebi ricxviTi tipis unda iyos. mosaxerxebeli iqneba pirveladi da gare gasaRebi- velebisaTvis erTnairi saxelebis SerCevac.

cxrilebs Soris kavSirebis ramdenime saxeoba arsebobs. maT Soris gamovyofT kavSirebs erTi-mravalTan da erTi-erTTan. “erTis” mxareze myof cxrils pirveladi gasaRebi-veli aqvs, romelSic identifikatorebs (kodebs) mxolod unikaluri mniSvnelobebi unda hqondeT. “mravlis” mxareze myof cxrils gare gasaRebi-veli aqvs, am velSi SeiZleba iyos gameorebuli mniSvnelobebi. magaliTad, gayidvaSi SeiZleba erTi avtoris ramdenime saxelwodebis wigni arsebobdes, maSin sxvadasxva avtoris siis Semcveli cxrili wignebis CamonaTvlis Semcvel cxrilTan dasakavSireblad “erTi-mravalTan” saxis kavSiri eqneba. kavSirebis specialur sqemaze erTis mxares gamoCndeba 1, xolo meoreze, anu mravlis mxareze, – usasrulobis niSani.

ganvixiloT kavSiris orive mxres “mravlis” arseboba, aseT kavSirs mravali-mravalTan ewodeba. es is SemTxvevaa, rodesac savaWro dawesebulebaSi mravali dasaxelebis saqonelia da myidvelic mravalia: erT myidvels SeuZlia sxvadasxva dasaxelebis saqoneli iyidos da, amave dros, erTi saxelwodebis saqoneli SeiZleba sxvadasxva myidvelma SeiZinos. Access sistema aseTi cxrilebis pirdapir dakavSirebas ar axorcielebs, unda Seiqmnas damatebiTi gadamkveTi cxrili, kerZod, SenaZenebis amsaxveli cxrili (magaliTad, e.w. faqtura), romelSic Setanili iqneba klientebis da saqonlis mxolod kodebi, anu romeli kodis saqoneli romeli kodis mqone klientma SeiZina. aseT cxrilSi sxva monacemebis Setanac SeiZleba: rodis ganxorcielda yidva, ra fasad da sxv. saTavo cxrilebis gadamkveT cxrilebTan dakavSireba pirveladi gasaRebis gadamkveTi cxrilis gare

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gasaRebTan SeerTebiT moxdeba, anu ganxorcieldeba ori damoukidebeli kavSiri “erTi mravalTan”.

zogierT SemTxvevaSi erT cxrils or an met damoukidebel cxrilad yofen (magaliTad, saxelebs da gvarebs aTavseben erT cxrilSi, xolo misamarTs, telefons da sxva monacemebs – meoreSi). aseT cxrilebs erTnairi pirveladi gasaRebebi ukeTdeba da maT Soris “erTi-erTTan” kavSiri myardeba.

Tu bazis struqtura kargadaa gaazrebuli, cxrilebs Soris relaciuri kavSirebis dadgena Access-Si martivia _ mTeli saWiro samuSao mimdinareobs monacemTa sqemis Relationships fanjaraze. fanjaras viZaxebT bazis ZiriTadi fanjridan Tools → Relationships an imave saxelwodebis RilakiT. gamotanili damxmare fanjridan, romelSic dasakavSirebeli cxrilebis siaa Setanili, avarCevT (movniSnavT) SesaerTebel cxrilebs, davaWerT xels Add Rilaks da davxuravT, Close. sqemaze ganTavsdeba moniSnuli cxrilebis maketebi (velebis CamonaTvliT). kavSiri ganxorcieldeba Tagvis meSveobiT: saTavo cxrilidan pirveladi gasaRebi-velis saxels gadmovitanT misaerTebeli cxrilis gare gasaRebze.

kavSirebs ori ZiriTadi datvirTva aqvT: monacemebis mTlianobis dacva da bazis momsaxurebis avtomatizeba. vTqvaT, klientebis cxrilidan erTi klientis Canaweri gauqmda, magram sxva cxrilSi, magaliTad, kontraqtebis cxrilSi, am klientis kodi jer kidev arsebobs (ar gauqmebula). amrigad, irRveva monacemebis mTlianoba _ kontraqtebis cxrilSi miTiTebulia ararsebuli klientis kodi. aq SesaZlebelia sakiTxis Semdegnairad ganxilva: an mTlianoba saerTod ar iqnas bazaSi daculi, an aikrZalos saTavo cxrilebidan monacemebis gauqmeba, an daSvebul iqnas mierTebuli cxrilebis adekvaturi damuSaveba. amis Sesruleba xeliT Znelia. Access-Si gaTvaliswinebulia avtomatizebis saSualebebi: kavSiris xazze dawkapunebiT da konteqsturi menius gamoZaxebiT avarCevT kavSiris redaqtirebis Edit Relationships fanjaras. Tu CarTulia mxolod monacemebis mTlianobis uzrunvelyofis alami Enforce Referential Integrity, maSin monacemis gauqmeba saTavo cxrilSi SeuZlebeli xdeba (sanam arsebobs kavSiri). magram Tu masTan erTad CarTulia almebi Enforce Referential Integrity (mierTebul cxrilebSi kaskaduri ganaxleba) da Cascade Delete Related Records (dakavSirebuli Canawerebis kaskaduri gauqmeba), maSin es operaciebi ganxorcieldeba avtomaturad. amrigad, relaciuri kavSirebis Seqmna, erTi mxriv, icavs bazis mTlianobas – monacemebis uneblied gauqmebisagan, meore mxriv, erT cxrilSi cvlilebis Setana iwvevs avtomaturad monacemis cvlilebas masTan dakavSirebul cxrilebSi.

mravali cxrilis safuZvelze Seqmnili moTxovna, anu Canawerebis erToblioba formirdeba dakavSirebuli gasaRebi

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velebis mniSvnelobebis TanxvedriT. magaliTad, gayidvis moTxovnaSi SeZenili saqonlis saxelis kods vakavSirebT saerTo CamonaTvalidan saqonlis kodTan, klientis kods – kodTan mis Sesaxeb informaciidan. Sedegad iqmneba saqonlis da klientis Semcveli erTi Canaweri. moTxovnis aseT tips simetriuli gaerTianeba ewodeba. am moTxovnaSi, bunebrivia, ar iqneba miTiTebuli im saqonlis saxeli, romelic ar iyo gayiduli. magram aris SemTxveva, rodesac saWiroa gayidvis moTxovnaSi naCvenebi iyos im saqonlis saxelic, romelic ar iyo gayiduli. aseT dros vqmniT gare gaerTianebas. am wesiT Seqmnil moTxovnaSi davinaxavT yvela Canawers im saqonlis saxelis CaTvliT, romelic ar iyo SeZenili klientis mier. SenaZenTa moTxovnaSi kodebis velSi Setanili iqneba Null mniSvneloba. gare gaerTianebis Sesaqmnelad vcvliT gaerTianebis parametrebs, risTvisac gavxsniT moTxovnas konstruqtoris reJimSi da orjer davawkapunebT cxrilebis modelebis SemaerTebel xazze. gaixsneba dialogi Join Properties, romelSic 3 Rilakia gamotanili. Tavdapirvelad CarTulia pirveli, rac Seesabameba simetriul gaerTianebas. Tu CavrTavT meore Rilaks, pirveli cxrilidan yvela Canaweri iqneba gadatanili moTxovnaSi, SemaerTebeli xazi gadaiqceva israd. Tu moTxovnis gamoyeneba gvinda gauyidavi saqonlis amorCevisaTvis, movaxdenT moTxovnis gafiltvras: Criteria striqonze SevitanT pirobas IsNull.

monacemTa bazis ageba Microsoft Access-Si

Microsoft Access-is gaSvebisTanave ixsneba dialog- fanjara (nax.1), romelSic sistema muSaobis dawyebis 3 variants gvTava-

zobs: axali monacemTa ba-zis Seqmna (Blank Access database), bazis Seqmna Sablo-nebis safuZvelze ostatis meSveobiT (Access database wizards, pages, and projects), arsebuli bazis gaxsna (Open an existing file).

nax. 1 12

nax 2

Tu pirvel variants avarCevT, fails Cveulebrivi wesiT mivani-WebT saxels da xels davaWerT Create Rilaks. gaixsneba mona-cemTa bazis ZiriTadi fanjara (nax.2). carieli bazis, anu bazis struqturis ageba unda daviwyoT swored Blank Access database CarTviT (nax1.). bazis ZiriTad fanjaraze (nax.2) CarTulia Rilaki Tables (cxrilebi). fanjris zeda panelze ganlagebulia 3 Rilaki: obieq-tis gaxsnis (Open), monacemebis Setanis, redaqtirebis an ganxilvis mizniT, obieqtis gaxsnis konstruqtoris reJimSi (Design) da axali obieqtis Seqmnis (New). amave panelze mdebare mom-devno Rilakebi standartulia: obieqtebis gauqmebisa da maTi niSnakebis sxvadasxva xediT gamotanisaTvis. axali cxrilis Seqmnis mizniT avarCevT New Rilaks, gamotanil dialog-fanjaraSi (nax.3) SemoTavazebuli iqneba axali cxrilis agebis

ramodenime vari-anti: cxrilis Seqmna monace-mebis Setanis re-JimSi (Datasheet View), cxrilis struqturis Seqm-na konstruqtoris

reJimSi (Design View), cxrilis Seqmna ostatis gamoyenebiT (Table Wizard), cxrilis gadmotana sxva programidan, (Import Table), kavSiris damyareba (Link Table) sxva programis cxrilebTan.

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cxrilis Seqmna konstruqtoris reJimSi

cxrilis struqturas vqmniT konstruqtoris (Design) reJimSi (nax. 4). fanjris zeda nawilis yovel striqonze SevitanT velebis saxelebs da ganvsazRvravT iq Sesatani

monacemebis ti-pebs (Data Type). es procesi avtoma-turad xorcieldeba monacemis Se-tanis dros, Tu cxrili iqmneba Create table by entering data variantiT. konstruqtoris

reJimSi ki (Design View) tipebs da Sesabamis Tvisebebs virCevT Cven TviTon.

velebis Tvisebebi yalibdeba fanjris qveda nawilSi (Fields Properties). aq gamotanilia aqtiuri velis (sadac kursoria, an romelic moniSnulia) monacemis tipis Sesabamisi Tvisebebis CamonaTvali.

monacemTa tipebi

nax.

nax. 3

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Microsoft Access-Si Semdegi tipis monacemebia gansazRvruli: Text – teqsturi monacemTa tipi, romelic gamoiyeneba araformatirebuli SezRuduli sigrZis teqstis Sesatanad (mexsierebaSi igi ikavebs 255 baits). Memo – memo, monacemTa specialuri tipi, romelic gamoiyeneba didi moculobis teqstis Sesatanad (64 000 baitamde). fizikurad teqsti velSi ar inaxeba da Tavsdeba bazis sxva adgilze, velSi ki inaxeba mxolod masze mimarTva. es garemoeba momxmareblisTvis SeumCneveli rCeba. Number – ricxviTi monacemTa tipi, romelic gamoiyeneba ricxvebis Sesanaxad (misi sxvadasxva formati arsebobs da mexsierebaSi isini ikaveben 1, 2, 4, 8 an 12 baits). Date/ Time – TariRis da drois tipi (8 baiti). Currency – fuladi monacemTa tipi, romelic gamoiyeneba Tanxebis Sesatanad. Teoriulad am tipis monacemis Sesanaxad SeiZleboda ricxviTi tipis monacemis gamoyeneba, magram fuladi Tanxebis mexsierebaSi Senaxvis garkveuli wesebis gaTva-liswinebiT (damrgvalebasTan dakavSirebiT) mosaxerxebelia monacemTa specialuri tipis SerCeva (8 baiti). Autonumber – mTvleli, ricxvTa specialuri tipi, romelic gamoiyeneba unikaluri (araganmeorebadi) naturaluri ricxvebisaTvis. maTi Setana ganxorcieldeba avtomaturad, zrdadobis principis dacviT (Increment) an SemTxveviTi ricxvebis gansazRvriT (Random). igi ganaxorcielebs Canawerebis danomvras. sayuradReboa, rom gauqmebul CanawerTan erTad uqmdeba misi nomeri da mocemul bazaSi igi aRar aRdgeba (4 baiti). Yes/ No – logikuri tipi, gamoiyeneba logikuri tipis monacemebis Sesanaxad, daSvebulia mxolod ori mniSvneloba “ki” an “ara” (1 biti). OLE Object – monacemTa specialuri tipi (OLE -Object Link Embedded). gankuTvnilia obieqtebis sxva programebidan gadmosatanad an maTTan dasakavSireblad (magaliTad, naxatebis, diagramebis da sxv.). realurad aseTi obieqti cxrilSi ar inaxeba iseve, rogorc Memo tipis monacemi. cxrilSi inaxeba mxolod mimarTva maTze, rac amartivebs da aCqarebs cxrilTan muSaobis process (1 gigabaitamde). Hyperlink hiperkavSirebi – specialuri tipi, romelSic inaxeba internetis URL Web obieqtebis misamarTebi. Lookup Wizard… ostati. es ar aris monacemis tipi. am obieqtiT SeiZleba velSi monacemebis Setanis avtomatizeba ise, rom monacemi iqnas amorCeuli gaxsnili CamonaTvlidan.

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cxrilis velebis Tvisebebi

cxrilis yovel vels SeiZleba mivaniWoT SerCeuli monacemis tipis Sesabamisi Tviseba, romelic moTavsebulia fanjris qveda nawilis General CanarTSi (nax. 4). ufro dawvrilebiT isini ganixileba savarjiSoebSi.

Field size – velis zoma, romelic SeiZleba iyos: teqstisTvis 0-dan 255 simbolomde (Tavidan

SemoTavazebulia 50); ricxvisTvis ramdenime varianti arsebobs: Byte – baiti

(ricxvebi 0 dan 255 diapazonSi, 1 baiti); Integer – mTeli ricxvi (–32768 dan +32767 diapazonSi, 2 baiti); Long Integer - mTeli tipis ricxvi (ricxvebi -2147483648-dan +2147483647 diapazonSi, 4 baiti); Single – namdvili ricxvi aTobiTi mZimis Semdeg 7 niSniT (ricxvebi -3.41038 dan +3.41038 diapazonSi, 4 baiti); Double – namdvili ricxvi ormagi, aTobiTi mZimis Semdeg 15 niSnamde sizustiT (ricxvebi -1.797308 dan +1.797308 diapazonSi, 8 baiti); Replication ID – replikaciis kodi gamoiyeneba mxolod dispetCeris mier marTvad monacemTa bazebSi.

Format – velis formati: teqstisTvis SegviZlia SevarCioT specialuri formati,

magaliTad, Tu CavwerT @@-@@@@, maSin 6 simboloiani teqsti gamoisaxeba 2 simbolos Semdeg defisiT. am formatSi niSani \ gamoiyeneba misi momdevno savaldebulo simbolos gamosaxvisaTvis da sxv.

ricxvisTvis SegviZlia SevarCioT fulis, procentis an sxva formati. garda amisa, Tu CavwerT 000000, nebismieri ricxvi Caiwereba, rogorc eqvsniSna, magram Tu ricxvis TanrigTa raodenoba 6-s aRemateba, igi gamoisaxeba srulad.

TariRisa da droisTvis aseve SesaZlebelia avarCioT SemoTavazebulidan erT-erTi formati.

logikuri sididis tipisTvis avarCevT: ki/ ara-s (Yes/No), WeSmarits/ mcdars (True/False) an CarTuls/ gamorTuls (On/ Off) .

Decimal Places – namdvil (wiladis Semcvel) ricxvebSi aTobiT TanrigTa sasurveli raodenoba.

Input Mask – Setanis niRabi, magaliTad, niRabi !00/-00/-00 ganapirobebs 6-niSna telefonis nomris marcxnidan marjvniv Sevsebas da yovel or cifrs Soris defisis Camatebas.

Caption – minaweri. aq Setanili teqsti moTavsdeba velis saTaveSi, rogorc velis saxeli. am saxelSi daSvebulia wertilis an sxva niSnis gamoyeneba (rac dauSvebelia velis saTaurSi).

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Default Value – monacemi, romelic SemoTavazebuli iqneba sawyis mniSvnelobad yovel axal CanawerSi.

Validation Rule – axali CanawerisaTvis Sesatani monacemis mniSvnelobaze pirobis dasma.

Validation Text – Setyobineba Validation Rule-Si dasmuli pirobis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb.

Required (savaldebulo veli) – im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac ujredis gamotoveba (arSevseba) dauSvebelia, aq SevitanT Yes.

Allow Zero Length – carieli striqonis “” Setanis daSveba. Indexed – velis indeqsireba, romelic Seqmnis velisTvis

damatebiT cxrils. igi ar Cans, magram gamoiyeneba Zebnis procesis dasaCqareblad.

Unicode Compression – SemWidrovebis saSualeba. es Tviseba aqtiuria mxolod teqstis tipis monacemebisTvis da winaswar yovelTvis Yes aris SemoTavazebuli.

monacemebis Setanis procesis gasamartiveblad da Secdomebis Tavidan asacileblad cxrilis velSi ujreds SeiZleba CamoSladi sia Lookup daerTos. am siis gamotana ujredis marjvena mxares mdebare RilakiT ganxorcieldeba. CamoSladi siis damateba Lookup CanarTze Semdegi Tvisebebis SerCeviT xdeba:

Display Control – monacemebis Setanis wesis marTvis elementi. Tavidan SemoTavazebulia Text Box Tviseba, rac Seesabameba monacemis Setanis Cveulebriv wess. List Box an Combo Box-iT ujreds davamatebT monacemebis CamoSlad sias. sia SeiZleba erTi an ramdenime velisagan Sedgebodes, romlebsac mxolod informaciuli datvirTva eqnebaT, radgan monacemebis amorCeva xdeba erTi velidan. CamoSlil siaSi Sesatani monacemebi SeiZleba gadmovitanoT sxva cxrilidan an moTxovnidan, an ganvsazRvroT pirdapir Row Source striqonze.

Row Source Type – striqonTa wyaros tipi. aq mivuTiTebT: cxrils/moTxovnas - Table/Query, mniSvnelobebis sias - Value List, an velebis sias - Field List.

RowSource – striqonTa wyaro. aq mivuTiTebT Table an Query saxels. Tu manamde CarTulia Value List, maSin striqonze davwerT siaSi Sesatan mniSvnelobebs, gamoyofils wertil-mZimiT.

Bound Column – mierTebuli svetebis raodenoba, magaliTad, Tu monacemi erTi svetidan aris Sesatani, CavwerT 1.

Count Column – wyarodan gamotanili svetebis raodenoba, Tu naCvenebi unda iyos ori sveti, SevitanT 2.

Column Heads – mierTebuli svetebis saTaveebis Cveneba /ar Cveneba.

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nax. 5

Column Widths – svetebis sigane. Tu svetis Cveneba ar aris sasurveli, SevitanT 0-s.

List Rows – striqonTa maqsimaluri SemoTavazebuli raodenoba siaSi. standartulad SemoTavazebulia 8.

List Width – svetebis jamuri sigane.

Limit to List – SezRudvis arseboba siis CamonaTvalSi Semavali sidideebis raodenobaze.velebis Tvisebebis gansazRvris Semdeg unda

ganisazRvros pirveladi gasaRebi-veli, amisaTvis movniSnoT saWiro veli da SevasruloT brZaneba Edit → Primary key (an Sesabamisi RilakiT). Tu striqoni ar aris moniSnuli, maSin sistema TviTon Seqmnis pirvelad gasaReb-vels – Tu cxrilis romelime vels aqvs monacebis tipi Autonumber, maSin airCevs am vels, Tu aseTi tipis veli cxrilSi ar gvaqvs, maSin TviTon daamatebs vels, avtomaturi mTvleliT da mas mianiWebs gasaRebis funqcias.

cxrilis struqturis Seqmnis konstruqtoris reJimidan unda moxdes cxrilis Cvenebis reJimSi gadasvla: menius View →Datasheet View punqtiT an fanjris imave saxelwodebis RilakiT.

cxrilis Seqmna monacemTa Setanis wesiT

Tu cxrilis SeqmnisaTvis Datasheet View reJims (nax.5) avirCevT, maSin monacemebs eleqtronuli cxrilis (Excel) msgavs cxrilSi SevitanT. velebs sasurvel saxelebs vaniWebT ase: movniSnavT velis saxels da Format Rename, an Tavidan SemoTavazebuli velis saxelze (magaliTad, Field1) orjer dawkapunebiT miviRebT kursors da SevitanT axal saxels. yvela monacemi teqstis tipisaa, anu Setanil ricxvebze ariTmetikul moqmedebebs ver CavatarebT. monacemebis Setanis Semdeg cxrilis SenaxvasTan erTad SemoTavazebuli iqneba gasaRebi-velis gansazRvris saSualeba, rac avtomaturad ganxorcieldeba Cveni Tanxmobis Semdeg. sxva danarCeni operaciebi, rogoricaa svetis/striqonis zomebis SerCeva, gasufTaveba, amoReba, damalva da a.S. ganxorcieldeba Windows sistemaSi arsebuli wesebis analogiurad.

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moTxovnebi

cxrilebis struqturis Seqmnis Semdeg, Datasheet View reJimSi gaxsnil cxrilSi Segvaqvs monacemebi. am reJimSive SegviZlia monacemebis daTvaliereba da redaqtireba Windows- Si arsebuli saSualebebis gamoyenebiT. cxrilSive SegviZlia monacemebis daxarisxeba (sortireba) da amorCeva (gafiltvra). magram es procedurebi umjobesia CavataroT moTxovnaSi (Query). xSirad saWiro xdeba monacemebze gamoTvlebis Catareba, an ramdenime cxrilidan garkveuli monacemebis erToblivad ganxilva da a.S. aseT SemTxvevaSi Microsoft Access moTxovnaSi qmnis CanawerTa nakrebs (damajamebel cxrils), romelic cxrilebidan garkveuli wesiT SerCeuli velebis saWiro Canawerebis amonakrebs Seicavs. CanawerTa nakrebTan (damajamebel cxrilTan) ise vmuSaobT, rogorc Cveulebriv cxrilTan – ganvixilavT monacemebs, amovarCevT informacias, SevasrulebT ariTmetikul Tu logikur moqmedebebs da a.S. unda gvaxsovdes, rom realuri cxrilebisagan gansxvavebiT monacemTa bazaSi CanawerTa nakrebi (damajamebeli cxrili) fizikurad ar arsebobs. Access mas cxrilebidan monacemebis gamotanis Sedegad qmnis da isic mxolod moTxovnis Sesrulebis ganmavlobaSi.

moTxovna SeiZleba SevqmnaT erTi an ramdenime cxrilis safuZvelze. rogorc vTqviT, Seqmnili damajamebeli cxrilis velebi warmoadgenen sxvadasxva cxrilebidan amorCeuli velebis nakrebs, xolo Canawerebi – am cxrilebis gafiltrul, daxarisxebul an sxva pirobebiT gaerTianebul Canawerebs. moTxovnis Sesrulebaze gaSveba xdeba an menius Query → Run punqtiT, Zaxilis niSniT (!) moxatuli RilakiT, an konstruqtoris reJimidan cxrilis reJimSi View → Datasheet View gadasvliT. moTxovna SeiZleba Seiqmnas agreTve sxva moTxovnis an moTxovnebis safuZvelze.

Tu monacemTa baza kargad aris gaazrebuli, maSin bazasTan momuSave momxmarebelma unda daiviwyos, rom arsebobs cxrilebi, kidev ukeTesi, Tu mas araferi ecodineba maT Sesaxeb. cxrilebi – bazis faseuli obieqtebia da maTTan urTierToba mxolod bazis dammuSavebels unda hqondes. rodesac momxmarebels bazidan monacemebis raime wesiT miReba surs, man mxolod moTxovnebi unda gamoiyenos. kargia, Tu bazis dammuSavebeli piri yvela saWiro moTxovnas winaswar moamzadebs. aseT dros monacemTa bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi CavrTavT moTxovnebis Queries Rilaks da Sesabamisi moTxovnis niSnakze orjer dawkapunebiT gavxsniT damajamebel

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cxrils, romelSic vipoviT saWiro informacias. damajamebeli cxrili momxmareblis interess SesaZloa ar akmayofilebdes. aseT dros momxmarebeli axal moTxovnas Tavad qmnis an mimarTavs bazis damproeqtebels.

zogadad, moTxovnebi daprogramebis specialur SQL (Struqtured Query Language) enaze iwereba, magram rigiTi momxmareblisTvis misi Seswavla savaldebulo ar aris, radgan TiTqmis yvela operacia Access-Si Tagvis meSveobiT da specialuri programebiT (e.w. ostatebiT) sruldeba. moTxovnas vqmniT konstruqtoris reJimSi (Design), romelSic ixsneba e.w. moTxovnis blanki.

arsebobs moTxovnis agebis sxvadasxva variantebi. umartivesia moTxovna amorCevaze. arsebobs moTxovna parametriT (rodesac amorCevis kriteriums momxmarebeli specialur fanjaraSi awvdis), moTxovna SedegebiT (velebSi Setanil mniSvnelobebze Catarebuli maTematikuri da logikuri gamoTvlebis SedegebiT), moTxovna Secvlaze (rodesac xdeba velebis mniSvnelobebis ganaxleba), jvaredini moTxovnebi (rodesac damajamebeli cxrili angariSebis Catarebis Semdeg iqmneba), specifikuri moTxovnebi, Cawerili moTxovnebis SQL enaze, magaliTad, serverze mimarTvis gansaxorcieleblad.

moTxovnis Seqmna konstruqtoris reJimSi

konstruqtoris reJimSi moTxovnis SeqmnisaTvis gavxsniT bazis fanjaras, CavrTavT Queries Rilaks da New. gamotanil dialogis fanjaraSi (nax.6) SemoTavazebuli CamonaTvlidan avarCevT konstruqtoris reJims Design View.

nax. 6

20

gamotanil Show Table fanjaraSi avarCevT im cxrils (erTs an ramdenimes), romlis safuZvelzec iqmneba moTxovna. gaixs-neba moTxovnis blanki (nax.7). blanki ori nawilisagan Sedgeba: zeda nawilSi gamotanilia SerCeuli cxrilis an cxrilebis maketebi velebis siiT. cxrilebs Soris kavSirebi aqve iqneba naCvenebi (igu-lisxmeba, rom cxrilebis dakavSireba Sesrulda manamde). Tu kavSiri manamde ar Sesrulebula, cxrilebs vakavSirebT aqve Tag-vis meSveobiT.

me-7 naxazze moyvanilia blanki im SemTxvevi-saTvis, rodesac moTxovna iqmneba erTi cxrilis safuZvelze. cxrilis velebis Sed-genilobis gan-xilvisaTvis misi maketidan fanjris

qveda nawilis Field striqonze TagviT gadmovitanT sasurveli velis saxels (nax.7). cxrilis reJimSi gadasvlis Semdeg davaTvalierebT moTxovnas – ganxiluli magaliTisTvis masalebis saxelebis CamonaTvals (nax.8).

velebis Tvisebebi, rogorc viciT, maTi Seqmnis dros dgindeba. magram SeiZleba garkveuli Tvisebis daweseba

moTxovnis velebzec, romelsac ufro maRali prioriteti eqneba, vidre cxrilSi gansazRvruls. amisaTvis SevasrulebT brZanebas View → Properties an davaWerT xels amave saxelwodebis Rilaks. gamotanil dialogSi davawesebT formats, Setanis niRabs, velis saTaurs da sxv.

moTxovnis blankis qveda nawilSi mdebareobs Show striqoni, romelic damajamebeli cxrilis velis Semadgenlobis

nax.

nax. 7

21

ekranze Cveneba/arCvenebas gansazRvravs. igulisxmeba, rom yvela veli, romelic moTxovnaSia CarTuli, ekranze unda iqnas gamotanili, amitom yvela alami CarTulia. magram es yovelTvis sasurveli ar aris, aseT dros alams gamovrTavT.

Tu saxelebis anbaniT (inglisurenovani siis), an ricxviTi mniSvnelobebis zrdadoba-klebadobiT dalageba gvsurs, daxarisxebis Sort striqonze avarCevT Sesabamis wess. unda gvaxsovdes, rom amorCevis sxva variantze gadasvlis dros manamde dasmuli pirobebi – kriteriumebi an daxarisxebis wesebi unda moixsnas (magaliTad, not sorted). Tumca SesaZlebelia mravaldoniani daxarisxebis Sesrulebac.

SesaZlebelia cxrilis gafiltvra, anu velSi arsebuli monacemebis siidan raime niSnis mqone monacemis (an monacemebis) amorCeva. amisaTvis kriteriumis striqonze (Criteria) CavwerT pirobas, romelsac unda akmayofilebdes gamosatani monacemebi, magaliTad, Tu veZebT im Canawerebs, romlebic “a” simboloTi iwyeba, Criteria striqonze mocemuli velisaTvis CavwerT a*. Tu sawyisi cxrili Seicavs vels, romelSic ricxviTi monacemia, magaliTad, saqonlis fasi an sxva, da gvinda damajamebel cxrilSi gamovitanoT mxolod is Canawerebi, sadac fasi naklebia 200-ze, moTxovnis Criteria striqonSi SevitanoT piroba: <200. blankis momdevno or striqonze gamosaxulebis >400 CaweriT, miviRebT ufro rTuli pirobis amsaxvel moTxovnas: <200 an (or) >400. aseTi pirobis Cawera SesaZlebelia erT striqonzec: <200 or >400. Tu unda ganxorcieldes TankveTis piroba, magaliTad, >200 da <400, mas CavwerT ase: >200 and <400. aseTive TankveTa ganxorcieldeba blankis mezobel svetebSi pirobebis dawesebiT.

pirobebis CamoyalibebisTvis Access-s aqvs specialuri funqciebi, zogierTi maTgania:

Between gansazRvravs mniSvnelobebis diapazons, magaliTad, Between 10 and 20 igivea, rac >=10 da <=20;

In gansazRvravs sias, saidanac unda moxdes amorCeva, magaliTad, In(“wiTeli”, “Savi”) igivea, rac “wiTeli” an “Savi”.

Like gamoiyeneba teqstur velebSi nimuSebis moZebnis mizniT. magaliTad, Like [0-9] miuTiTebs cifrebis Semcvel diapazons, Like [a-z] – yvela laTinur simbolos; Zaxilis niSani ! Seesabameba simbolos gamoricxvas, magaliTad, Like [!0-9] Seesabameba cifrebis garda nebismier simbolos.

Day(TariRi) - gamoitans dRis Sesabamis 1-31 ricxvebis diapazonidan, Month(TariRi) – Tves 1-12, Year(TariRi) – wels 100-9999, Day() gamoitans mimdinare TariRs da a.S.

sabaziso cxrilebis velebSi Setanil mniSvnelobebze gamoTvlebis Casatareblad SegviZlia blankis Field striqonze CamovitanoT Sesabamisi velebis saxelebi, SevqmnaT moTxovnis

22

axali veli da iq SevitanoT gamosaxuleba. magaliTad, [raodenoba]*[erTeulis fasi] (velebis saxelebi CavsvaT kvadratul frCxilebSi). gamoTvladi velis Sesaqmnelad SegviZlia gamoviyenoT Access programaSi arsebuli nebismieri funqcia. magaliTad, isev masala cxrilis moTxovnaSi gvinda SevqmnaT veli, romelSic Setanili iqneba raodenoba velSi moyvanili ricxvebis 5%. amisaTvis moTxovnis blankis qveda nawilis axal svetSi movaTavsebT kursors, marjvena mxares mdebare isriT gamovitanT cxrilSi arsebuli velebis sias da avarCevT raodenoba saxels. Semdeg saxelis boloSi vayenebT kursors da davamatebT: *5/100 gamosaxulebas. SevinaxoT (Save) moTxovna da CavrToT alami Show striqonze. cxrilis reJimSi gadasvliT davinaxavT damatebul svets, romelSic moyvanilia raodenobis Sesabamisi ricxvebis 5% (nax.9).

svetis saxelad Access avtomaturad irCevs Expr1, magram Tu davbrundebiT

konstruqtoris reJimSi da gamovitanT Properties fanjaras, Caption striqonze CavwerT 5%-s. es ukanaskneli moTavsdeba velis saTaveSi (saxelis rolSi).

monacemebis gafiltvrisaTvis pirobas uSualod moTxovnis blankSi Criteria striqonze SevitanT. aqve SeiZleba moTxovnaSi parametris CarTvac, romelic saSualebas mogvcems moTxovnis Sesrulebis procesSive mivuTiToT amorCevis konkretuli piroba. amisaTvis Criteria striqonze

SevitanoT [] – kvadratuli frCxilebi. moTxovnis Sesrulebaze gaSvebisas (cxrilis reJimSi gadasvla) gamoCndeba parametris

moTxovnis fanjara (nax.10), romelSic SevitanT gafiltvris pirobas. teqsti Seitane saxeli gamoCndeba maSin, rodesac igi Caiwereba kvadratul frCxilebSi Criteria striqonze.

nax. 9

nax.1

23

nax. 12

gamosaxulebis Sedgena specialuri programis gamoyenebiT

SedarebiT ufro maRali donis gamoTvlebis Casatareblad mivmarTavT Access-Si arsebuli gamosaxulebis amgeb programas Expression Builder. magaliTisTvis gamoviyenoT isev masala cxrili da SevqmnaT moTxovna, romelSic gamosaTvlelia masalis Rirebuleba, anu raodenobis namrav-li erTeulis fasze. moTxovnis konstruqtoris reJimSi moTxovnis blankSi CamovitanoT velebi raodenoba da erTeulis fasi. SevinaxoT moTxovna SemoTavazebuli Query1 saxeliT. am ori svetis marjvena mxares mdebare carieli svetis pirvel striqonze davayenoT kursori da marjvena RilakiT gamotanil konteqstur meniuSi avarCioT Built punqti. gaixsneba Expression Builder fanjara (nax.11), romlis zeda nawili warmoad-gens gamosaxulebis Setanis ares. igi Tavidan carielia. fanjris

qveda nawili da-

yofilia samad, sadac movZeb-niT gamosaxule-baSi monawile velebs da Access-Tan mikavSirebul funqciebs Functions. magaliTad, Rirebulebis gamosaTvlelad unda

gavamravloT masala – cxrilis raodenoba – velis mniSvneloba velSi erTeulis fasi Setanil mniSvnelobaze. fanjris Sua nawilSi orjer davawkapunebT raodenoba saxelze, Semdeg davaWerT xels gamravlebis Rilaks da isev orjer davawkapunebT velis erTeulis fasi saxelze, OK. Properties fanjris Caption striqonze CavweroT Rirebuleba, moTxovna davaTvalieroT cxrilis reJimSi (nax.12). moTxovnaSi gamoTvladi veli agreTve SeiZleba Seicavdes teqsturi an ricxviTi tipis velebis mniSvnelobebis gaerTianebis

(konka-

nax. 11

24

tenaciis) Sedegs. am da sxva xSirad gamosayenebel funqciebs ganvixilavT savarjiSoebSi.

Tu gvainteresebs cxrilis ara calkeuli Canawerebi, aramed monacemTa jgufis saSedego monacemi, SevqmnaT saSedego moTxovnebi. magaliTad, gvainteresebs imave masala cxrilSi raodenoba svetSi Setanili ricxvTa jami. amisaTvis davaWiroT xeli Rilaks ∑. moTxovnis blankSi gaCndeba striqoni Total, romlis Ca-mosaSleli isriT gamovitanT funqciebis CamonaTvals: Sum gamoi-tans ricxvTa jams, magaliTad, Tu siaSi bevrgan aris Setanili masala aguri da es velic aris blankze Camotanili, gamoiTvlis yvela aguris Sesabamis raodenobis jams, Avg – imave wesiT gamoiTvlis ricxvebis saSualo ariTmetikuls, Min da Max ipovis siaSi ricxvebs Soris minimalur da maqsimalur mniSvnelobebs, Count – daiTvlis siaSi arsebuli monacemebis raodenobas da a.S.

moTxovnas viyenebT monacemTa dajgufebis miz-niTac, rodesac saWiroa Canawerebis erTobliobis ganaxleba, Camateba, gauq-meba da a.S. aseT dros iqmneba moTxovna cvlile-baze. jer konstruqtoris reJimSi SevqmniT moTxovnas Canawerebis jgufis amorCevaze, romelTa ganaxlebac gvaqvs ganzraxuli.

menius Query punqtSi moyvanilia SesaZlo cvlilebebis

saxeobebis CamonaTvali: ganaxleba (Update Query), damateba (Append Query), gauqmeba (Delete Query), axali cxrilis Seqmna (Make-Table Query). Update Query reJimis CarTvis Semdeg, blankis qveda nawilSi gamoCndeba striqoni Update To, romelSic SevitanT axal mniSvnelobas. magaliTSi (nax.13 ) yvela saxeli velSi, sadac ki iqneba sityva aguri, igi unda Seicvalos xreSi-iT. SevasruloT moTxovna Run brZanebiT. vinaidan am moTxovnis Sesrulebis Semdeg manamde arsebuli variantis aRdgena SeuZlebelia (Windows-Si arsebuli Undo brZaneba am SemTxvevaSi ar moqmedebs), sistema gamoitans Sesabamis Setyobinebas. cvlileba cxrilSi Setanili iqneba dasturis Semdeg. analogiurad Sesruldeba CanawerTa jgufebis ramdenime velSi erTdrouli ganaxlebis procesi.

nax. 13

25

moTxovnis gamoyeneba SeiZleba agreTve CanawerTa jgufis gasauqmeblad, magaliTad, masala cxrilidan gasauqmebelia Canawerebi, romlebSic raodenoba velSi 1000-ze naklebi ricxvia Setanili, anu unda gauqmdes 1 da 3 Canaweri (nax.14). SevqmnaT moTxovna amorCevaze, Criteria striqonze raodenoba velisTvis SevitanoT piroba <1000 da menius Query punqtidan CavrToT Delete Query. amis Semdeg moTxovna gavuSvaT Sesrulebaze Run, aqac waSlamde arsebuli informaciis aRdgena SeuZlebelia (Tuki Semdeg gafrTxilebis sistema Cvengan miiRebs Tanxmobas).

monacemTa

importi, eqsporti

cxrilebi SegviZlia SevqmnaT monacemebis gadmotaniT sxva monacemTa bazidan an eleqtronuli cxrilidan (Excel-dan). importis garda Access-Si ukumoqmedebac aris SesaZlebeli – cxrilebis Access-dan eqsporti sxva programebSi.

ganvixiloT eleqtronuli cxrilidan monacemebis Access-Si importis magaliTi:

1. SevqmnaT Excel-Si martivi struqturis cxrili: saxeli qulamaka 100ana 200irakli 500

2. gavxsnaT monacemTa baza, sadac vapirebT am cxrilis imports, magaliTad, samS masalebi;

3. CavrToT menius punqti File → Get External Data → Import;4. gaixsneba Import fanjara, romlis qveda nawilSi Files of type

davayenoT Microsoft Excel, siaSi miTiTebuli iqneba faili, sadac Senaxulia Cvens mier Seqmnili cxrili, avarCioT igi da Import;

5. amuSavdeba Wizard programa, romlis pirvel dialog- fanjaraze gamotanili iqneba cxrilis maketi, Next;

6. momdevno dialog-fanjaraze CarTulia alami First Row Contains Column Headings, romliTac cxrilis pirveli striqoni (saxeli qula) gansazRvruli iqneba, rogorc cxrilis saTave, Next;

7. momdevno dialogSi zustdeba, Tu sad unda iyos cxrili importirebuli – axal cxrilSi Tu arsebulSi, Next;.

nax. 14

26

8. momdevnoze SerCeul svets SegviZlia indeqsirebis Tviseba mivaniWoT, Next;

9. momdevnoze CarTulia Rilaki Let Access add primary key, rac Seesabameba imas, rom pirveladi gasaRebi-veli ID daemateba sistemis mier, Next;

10. bolo dialogSi cxrils miniWebuli aqvs savaraudo saxeli, SegviZlia igi SevcvaloT, Finish. miRebulia bazaSi importirebuli eleqtronuli cxrili (nax. 15).

analogiurad moxdeba cxrilebis eqsporti sxva programebSi da kavSiris

damyareba Link Tables sxva programebis cxrilebTan, ris Sedegad cxrilSi Setanili cvlileba gamoiwvevs Sesabamisi ujredis SigTavsis cvlilebas.

savarjiSo 1. monacemTa bazis Seqmna ostatis gamoyenebiT

SevqmnaT monacemTa baza ostatis (Wizard) daxmarebiT. avagoT igi erT-erTi Sablonis safuZvelze. ostatis mier Seiqmneba Sablonis Sesabamisi cxrilebis struqtura, formebi da angariSebi. aseTi baza srulad daakmayofilebs tipur amocanaSi dasmul sakiTxebs. ostatis gamosayeneblad SevasruloT Semdegi moqmedebebi:

1. Start→ Programs→ Microsoft Access, CatvirTvis Semdeg avarCioT ostatis daxmarebiT bazis Seqmnis romelime varianti arsebuli Sablonebis safuZvelze (Access database wizards, pages, and projects), davawkapunoT Rilakze OK (momdevno teqstSi miTiTebuli iqneba mxolod Rilakis saxeli).

2. gamoCndeba dialogi-fanjara New, romlis Databases CanarTze iqneba moyvanili sxvadasxva Tematikis bazebis Sablonebis niSnakebi.

nax. 15

27

3. vinaidan SablonebTan muSaoba erTnairad mimdinareobs, bazis Seqmnis process ganvixilavT erTis magaliTze. Sablonis niSnakis moniSvnis Semdeg Preview velSi davinaxavT suraTs, romelic zogad warmodgenas Segviqmnis Sablonis daniSnulebaze. amovarCioT, magaliTad, Sabloni Contact Management, OK. gaixsneba dialogi-fanjara File New Database. Save in velSi mivuTiToT im saqaRaldis saxeli, sadac gvsurT bazis failis Senaxva, magaliTad, My Documents, xolo velSi File Name CavweroT monacemTa bazis failis saxeli, Create.

4. ostati daiwyebs muSaobas da gamoitans pirvel fanjaras, romelSic gvatyobinebs Sesaqmneli cxrilebis saxelebs, am SemTxvevaSi, Contact information, Call information, Next. Nmomdevno fanjris marcxena mxares (nax.16) gamotanili iqneba cxrilebis CamonaTvali – 2 sabaziso (Contact information da Call information) da 1 gadamkveTi (Contact Types), fanjris marjvena mxares – moniSnuli cxrilis velebis CamonaTvali. maTi gamoricxva dauSvebelia, xolo SemoTavazebulebidan romelimes CarTva – SesaZlebeli, Next.

5. momdevno fanjaraze ostati gvTavazobs Sesaqmneli formebis stils, avarCioT nebismieri, Next.

6. momdevnoze ostati gvTavazobs Sesaqmneli angariSebis stils, avarCioT nebismieri, Next.

7. ukanasknel 2 fanjaraSi bazas unda mivaniWoT saxeli da ostats mivceT brZaneba bazis dauyovnebliv Seqmnis Sesaxeb (Start The Database), Next, bolos Finish.

nax. 16

28

8. ostati

Seudgeba muSaobas da garkveul droSi daasrulebs am process: gamoitans bazis mTavar, gadamrTvel dafas (Main Switchboard), romelzec 5 Rilakia ganTavsebuli (nax.17): pirveliT gamovitanT e.w. sakontaqto formas axali informaciis Setanisa da arsebulis daTvalierebis mizniT, meoriT informaciis Setanis formas, mesamiT davaTvalierebT angariSebs, meoTxe RilakiT TviT am dafis redaqtirebaa SesaZlebeli, mexuTe Rilaki bazidan gasvlis Rilakia.

9. bazis ZiriTadi fanjara Cakecilia, gavxsnaT igi Cveulebrivi wesiT (nax.18). cxrilebs (Tables) Soris: 3 cxrilia informaciis Semcveli da 1 gadamrTveli dafis. cxrilebis gaxsnisas (Open) davinaxavT mxolod maT struqturas, monacemebis gareSe.

nax. 17

nax. 18

29

10. davaTvalieroT agreTve formebi Forms da angariSebi Reports.

11. bazis struqtura Seqmnilia, SevitanoT monacemebi miRebuli formebis meSveobiT, wavikiTxoT isini cxrilebSi.

savarjiSo 2. cxrilis Seqmna konstruqtoris reJimSi

ganvixiloT amocana: samSeneblo masalebiT movaWre firmis xelmZRvaneli ukveTavs specialists monacemTa bazas. baza or cxrils unda Seicavdes: erTSi myidvelze orientirebuli monacemebi iqneba Sesatani (masalis saxelwodeba, raodenoba, erTeulis fasi, daxasiaTeba), meoreSi – firmis saqmianobis maCveneblebi (gayidvis TariRi, dRe, mokle informacia myidvelis Sesaxeb).

aq da Semdgom velebis saxelebi da monacemebi pirobiTad iqneba SerCeuli – mxolod saswavlo procesze orientirebiT, kerZod, velebSi Sesatani monacemebis tipebis da maTi Tvisebebis Seswavlis mizniT. saxelebisTvis gamoyenebulia qarTuli sityvebi, dawerili laTinuri asoebiT – AcadNusx SriftSi, arsebuli qarTuli asoebis warmodgenis wesebze dayrdnobiT. mizanSewonili ar aris qarTul Sriftze cxrilSive gadasvla, am operacias formis Seqmnis dros ganvaxorcielebT. 1. CavtvirToT Microsoft Access 2000 (Start→ Programs → Microsoft

Access). 2. gamotanil Microsoft Access fanjaraSi CavrToT Blank Access

database, OK.3. File New Database fanjris Save in velSi SevarCioT My Documents an

sxva sasurveli saqaRalde, File name velSi SevitanoT failis saxeli, magaliTad, samSmasalebi. failis tipSi Save as type unda iyos miTiTebuli Microsoft Access Databases, Create.

4. bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi davaWiroT xeli Tables Rilaks, Semdeg New. gamotanil dialogSi avarCioT Design View, OK. imaves mivaRwevT Create table in Design View niSnakze orjer dawkapunebiT.

5. cxrilis struqturis gansazRvris blankSi SevitanoT velebis saxelebi da SevarCioT Sesatani monacemebis tipebi. aRwerilobis Sevseba Description savaldebulo ar aris.

Field Name Data Type Descriptionmasala ID Autonumbersaxeli Textraodenoba NumbererTeulis fasi CurrencydaxasiaTeba Memo

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6. meore cxrilTan dasakavSireblad masala ID vels mivaniWoT pirveladi gasaRebi-velis Tviseba: amisaTvis am striqonze movaTavsoT kursori, avarCioT menius Edit → Primary Key punqti an xeli davaWiroT imave saxelwodebis Rilaks. striqonis TavSi gamoCndeba gasaRebis gamosaxuleba. am velSi Sesatani monacemebisTvis SevarCioT mTvlelis tipi Autonumber, ris Sedegad Canawerebis Setanis dros ganxorcieldeba maTi avtomaturi danomvra.

7. sxva danarCen velebs, romlebSic Sesatani iqneba masalebis saxelebi, raodenoba, erTeulis fasi da daxasiaTeba, mivaniWoT Sesatani monacemebis Sesabamisi tipebi: teqstis, ricxviTi, fuladi da mozrdili sididis teqstis.

8. cxrili SevinaxoT – File→Save, SevarCioT saxeli, magaliTad, masala, OK.

9. Tu ra gavlenas axdens TiToeuli velis Tviseba Field Properties cxrilSi Sesatan monacemebze, SevamowmoT maTi SerCevis an cvlilebis gziT (yoveli am moqmedebis Semdeg cxrili SevinaxoT). blankis qveda nawilSi Field Properties yoveli velisTvis avtomaturad SerCeuli iqneba Tvisebebi, magaliTad, is, rom pirveladi gasaRebi-velisTvis indeqsireba saWiroa, rom maTi mniSvnelobebi ar unda meordebodes – Indexed Yes (No Duplicates).

10. CavataroT eqsperimenti: saxeli velis zoma Field Size SemoTavazebuli 50 simbolos nacvlad aviRoT 5, konstruqtoris reJimidan gadavideT cxrilis Sevsebis reJimSi (View → Datasheet View an Sesabamisi RilakiT).

11. klaviaturis Tab klaviSiT an TagviT, kursori movaTavsoT saxeli velSi da SevitanoT 5-ze metsimboloiani saxeli. davinaxavT, rom 5-ze meti simbolo Setanili ar iqneba, ris Sesaxeb gamoicema sasignalo xma. Tanac, danarCeni simboloebi daikargeba aRdgenis saSualebis (Undo) gareSe.

12. Caption striqonze SevitanoT velis saTavis axali saxeli, romelic Seicavs velis saTavisTvis zogadad dauSvebel niSnebs: wertils, mZimes da sxv. davweroT, magaliTad, mas.saxeli. cxrilis reJimSi gadasvlisTanave davinaxavT am saxels velis saTaveSi.

13. Default Value striqonze SegviZlia CavweroT is mniSvneloba, romelic Cveni mosazrebiT unda dagvxvdes xolme yovel axal CanawerSi, magaliTad, davweroT bloki. manamde Setanil Canawerebze es gavlenas ar moaxdens.

14. TvisebebSi SegviZlia davawesoT moTxovna velis Seuvsevlobis ardaSvebis Sesaxeb Required – Yes. maSin, Canaweris Setanis dros, am velSi mniSvnelobis gamotovebis SemTxvevaSi gamotanili iqneba SeniSvna imis Taobaze, rom veli ar unda Seicavdes cariel striqons “”, igi unda Seivsos

31

raime mniSvnelobiT. es aris dacva monacemis SemTxveviT gamotovebisagan.

15. Tu velis arSevseba dasaSvebia (Required – No) da gamotovebis SemTxvevaSi unda iyos aRqmuli, rogorc ara carieli striqoni “” (im gagebiT, magaliTad, rom klients faqsi ar aqvs), aramed rogorc carieli mniSvneloba Null Value (im gagebiT, rom faqsi aris, mxolod nomeri ucnobia), maSin Tavidanve Allow Zero Length SevitanoT Yes. monacemis gamotovebis SemTxvevaSi igi iqneba dafiqsirebuli, rogorc carieli mniSvneloba Null Value, da cxrilis Semdgomi analizis dros es garemoeba iqneba gamoyenebuli.

16. cxrilis reJimSi SevitanoT 6-7 Canaweri. erTi an ramdenime Canaweri movniSnoT da gavauqmoT Edit → Delete an Delete Record. gauqmebaze dasturis Semdeg Canaweris aRdgena SeuZlebelia. yuradReba mivaqcioT imas, rom gauqmebuli Canaweris mimdinare nomeri – identifikatori (igi Autonumber tipisaa) aRar aRdgeba.

17. konstruqtoris reJimSi meore velisTvis raodenoba Tvisebebis Field Size striqonze avarCioT ricxviTi tipis sxvadasxva formati: Byte, Integer, Long Integer. SevamowmoT formatebis gavlena Setanil monacemebze, risTvisac gadavideT cxrilis reJimSi da pirveli formatis SerCevis Semdeg SevitanoT 4-niSna, meoris – 6-niSna, xolo mesamis – 11-niSna ricxvi. yoveli am SemTxvevisaTvis gamotanili iqneba Setyobineba velis sigrZis gadametebis Sesaxeb.

18. davawesoT imave raodenoba velisTvis ricxvis gamosaxvis TanrigTa raodenoba: Tu Format striqonze SevitanT 000000, maSin cxrilSi Setanili ricxvi, magaliTad, 5, Caiwereba 000005 saxiT.

19. Tu am velisTvis gvsurs zRvruli mniSvnelobis daweseba, romlis gadameteba dauSvebelia, Tvisebebis Validation Rule striqonze SevitanoT piroba, magaliTad, <200. Tu cxrilis reJimSi am ujredSi SevitanT ricxvs 200, gamotanili iqneba Setyobineba pirobis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb, radgan 200 ar aris 200-ze naklebi. Setyobinebis teqsti SegviZlia Tavad CamovayaliboT Validation Text striqonze, magaliTad, “ar aris naklebi 200-ze!”.

20. velisTvis erTeulisfasi Tvisebebis Format striqonze avarCioT Currency, xolo wiladSi aTobiT cifrTa raodenoba Decimal Places aviRoT 2, maSin cxrilis reJimSi ricxvi 5 Setanili iqneba $5.00 saxiT.

21. daxasiaTeba veli cxrilis reJimSi SevavsoT vrceli teqstiT, igi mTlianad ar gamoCndeba cxrilSi. teqstis srulad gamosatanad SegviZlia velis sigane gavadidoT cnobili xerxebiT: TagviT an Format → Column Width → Best Fit punqtiT.

32

22. axali velis an Canaweris Camateba/amoReba ganvaxorcieloT miRebuli wesiT – rogorc cxrilis, ise konstruqtoris reJimSi (Edit →Delete/ Insert → Record/ Column). mivaqcioT yuradReba, rom am moqmedebebis uaryofis (Undo) SesaZlebloba ar gvaqvs.

savarjiSo 3. cxrilis velebis Tvisebebis redaqtireba

me-2 savarjiSoSi moyvanili amocanis gasagrZeleblad gavimeoroT 1-li punqti. Semdeg:1. avarCioT arsebuli bazis gaxsnis Open an existing file punqti,

movniSnoT bazis saxeli samSmasalebi, OK.2. gavimeoroT me-2 savarjiSoSi moyvanili me-4 punqti.

SevitanoT velebis saxelebi da ganvsazRvroT maTi tipebi:

Field Name Data Type Descriptionfirm ID Autonumber masala ID NumberTariRi Date/TimedRe Textmyidvelis saxeli Texttelefoni Text

3. cxrilis Senaxvisas (wina savarjiSos punqti 8) mivaniWoT mas saxeli firma. ganvsazRvroT cxrilSi sakuTari pirveladi gasaRebi-velis firm ID tipi, rogorc Autonumber, xolo am firma cxrilis masala cxrilTan dasakavSireblad davamatoT Sesabamisi masala ID veli, rogorc gare gasaRebi. masala cxrilSi igi iyo Autonumber tipis, am cxrilSi igi unda ganisazRvros, rogorc Number tipi. zogadad, sxva danarCeni tipebisTvis misakavSirebeli velebi erTnairi tipebiT ganisazRvrebian.

4. danarCen velebs, romlebSic Sesatani iqneba gayidvis TariRi, myidvelis saxeli da telefoni, mivusadagoT monacemebis Date/Time da Text tipebi.

5. Tu ra gavlenas axdens TiToeuli velis Tviseba Field Properties cxrilSi Sesatan monacemebze, SevamowmoT maTi SerCevis an cvlilebis gziT (yoveli am moqmedebis Semdeg cxrili SevinaxoT). TariRis formatad Format striqonidan avarCioT erT-erTi, magaliTad, Short Date. SesaZlebelia agreTve yoveli axali CanawerisTvis winaswar ganisazRvros kalendaruli TariRi, amisaTvis Default Value striqonze SevitanoT Date().

6. telefonis nomeri gansazRvrulia, rogorc teqsturi tipi. es aixsneba imiT, rom telefonis nomers ar gaaCnia ricxviTi monacemis Sinaarsi – nomrebze Sekrebis, gamravlebis da sxva moqmedebebis Catareba ar xdeba. telefonis nomris SetanisTvis gamoviyenoT niRabi, rac gaaadvilebs Setanis

33

process da gamoricxavs nomris arasworad akrefas. blankis qveda nawilSi Field Properties Input Mask striqonze SevitanoT, magaliTad, gamosaxuleba !00\-00\-00. igi uzrunvelyofs telefonis nomris marcxnidan marjvniv or-ori cifriT Sevsebas da maT Soris defisis avtomaturad Camatebas, magaliTad, 22-22-22.

7. ganvaxorcieloT Access-Si arsebuli Canacvlebis Lookup meTodi, romelsac viyenebT Setanis procesis gamartivebis da Secdomebis gamoricxvis mizniT. magaliTad, dRe velSi Sesatania Semdegi mocemebidan erTi: orS, sam, oTx, xuT, par, Sab, kvira. konstruqtoris reJimSi movniSnoT es veli (davayenoT kursori) da Lookup CanarTis Display Control striqonze avarCioT List Box, Row Source Type striqonze – Value List, Row Source striqonze SevitanoT CamonaTvali: orS; sam; oTx; xuT; par; Sab; kvira. sxva danarCen striqonebze ucvleli davtovoT avtomaturad gamotanili mniSvnelobebi. cxrilis reJimSi gadasvlis Semdeg velis marjvena mxares gaCndeba siis CamosaSleli isari.

8. Canacvlebis SesaZlebloba gamoviyenoT maSinac, rodesac masalis saxelis Sesabamisi kodis Setanaa saWiro.

nax. 19

9. konstruqtoris reJimSi movniSnoT firma cxrilis masala ID veli (davayenoT kursori), Lookup CanarTis Display Control striqonze avarCioT Combo Box, Row Source Type striqonze – Table/Query, Row Source striqonze davawkapunoT masala cxrilze. misakavSirebeli svetebis raodenoba Bound Column aviRoT 1, CamosaSleli svetebis raodenoba Column Count – 2, CamoSlili cxrilis saTaveebi Heads – No (ar iyos naCvenebi), TiToeuli svetis sigane Column Widths -1”, mTlianad siis (orive svetis erTad) sigane List Widths - 2”, danarCeni avtomaturad gamotanili Tvisebebi davtovoT ucvleli.

10.ganvaxorcieloT arsebul cxrilSi monacemis tipis Secvla. rogorc viciT, es SesaZlebelia garkveuli wesebis dacviT. Tu veli gansazRvrulia, rogorc ricxviTi, maSin misi teqsturad gadakeTeba ar iwvevs problemas. analogiurad icvleba sxva tipebi. konstruqtoris reJimSi movniSnoT nebismieri veli da arsebuli tipi SevcvaloT teqsturad. gamonakliss warmoadgens mTvlelis tipi, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac cxrilebs Soris kavSiri damyarebulia am velis saSualebiT.

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11.teqsturi tipis ricxvad, TariRad an sxva tipad gadakeTeba ar warmoadgens problemas, Tu monacemebi cifrebis saxiTaa Setanili. Cveulebrivi teqstis ricxvad gadakeTeba ki SeuZlebelia. droebiT SevcvaloT TariRi velis TariRis tipi – ricxviT tipad, yvela Setanili TariRis maCvenebeli Seicvleba am TariRis Sesabamisi ricxviTi mniSvnelobiT. SevasruloT ukuprocesi.

savarjiSo 4. cxrilebs Soris kavSirebis damyareba

ganvixiloT me-2 – me-3 savarjiSoebSi naCvenebi monacemTa baza samSmasalebi cxri-lebiT masala da firma, davamyaroT maT Soris kavSiri. gavimeoroT me-3 savarjiSos 1-li punqti. Semdeg: nax.20

1. gaxsnili bazis mTavar fanjaraSi ori cxrilia: masala da firma, romelTa Soris unda damyardes kavSiri. CavrToT menius punqti Tools → Relationships an davaWiroT xeli imave saxelwodebis Rilaks, gamotanili iqneba cxrilebis Cvenebis Show Table fanjara. cxrilebis saxelebis moniSvnis Semdeg Add-iT gadavitanoT saxelebi sqemis Relationships fanjaraze da davxuroT (Close). Tu sqemis fanjaraze cxrilebis damateba kidev iqneba saWiro, CavrTavT menius punqts View→ Show Table an davaWerT xels imave saxelwodebis Rilaks.

nax.21

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2. sqemis fanjaraze Relationships naCvenebia cxrilebis maketebi velebis siebiT (nax.20). masala cxrilidan TagviT pirveladi gasaRebis masala ID veli gadmovitanoT firma cxrilis imave saxelwodebis masala ID gare gasaRebze. gamotanili iqneba dialogi Edit Relationships (nax.21). aq Relationship Type-Si miTiTebulia kavSiri “erTi mravalTan” One-To-Many, rac sworia. CavrToT alami Enforce Referential Integrity, riTac daculi iqneba monacemebi, magaliTad, ararsebuli masala kodis firma cxrilSi Setanisagan.

nax. 22

3. SevamowmoT es ukanaskneli viTareba: masala cxrilSi Sevita-

noT Canawerebi kodebiT 1, 2 da 4. firma cxrilSi masala ID velSi SevitanoT Canaweri ararsebuli kodiT 3. Sedegad gamotanili iqneba Sesabamisi Setyobineba.

4. Enforce Referential Integrity CarTvis Semdeg gaaqtiurdebian almebi Cascade Enforce Referential Integrity da Cascade Delete Related Records, romlebiTac yoveli cvlileba “erTis” mxareze gamoiwvevs cvlilebas “mravalis” mxareze. SevamowmoT es viTareba.

5. zogierT SemTxvevaSi saWiro xdeba kavSiris gauqmeba, ami-saTvis gavxsnaT Relationships fanjara, movniSnoT kavSiris xazi da klaviaturis Delete RilakiT gavauqmoT igi.

6. davamyaroT cxrilebs Soris kavSiri Tavidan, gavxsnaT masala cxrili da mivaqcioT yuradReba marcxena mxares damatebul + niSnebs. am niSanze dawkapunebiT gaixsneba firma cxrilis is nawili, romelic Seesabameba masala ID velis kodis mniSvnelobas (nax.22).

savarjiSo 5. gadamkveTi cxrilis Seqmna “mravali mravalTan” kavSiris gansaxorcieleblad; kavSiri “erTi

erTTan”ganvixiloT me-2 savarjiSoSi Sesrulebuli samSmasalebi

monacemTa baza.

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1. SevqmnaT axali cxrili im savaWro dawesebulebebis marketi monacemebiT, romlebSic unda ganxorcieldes masalebis realizacia. aq Semdegi monacemebi iqneba Sesatani: maRaziis saxeli, misamarTi da telefoni. misi velebi konstruqtoris reJimSi CamovayaliboT ase:

Field Name Data Type Description market ID Autonumber

saxeli TextmisamarTi Texttelefoni Text

2. market ID vels mivaniWoT pirveladi gasaRebi-velis Tviseba, raTa moxdes misi dakavSireba masala cxrilTan. magram es kavSiri iqneba “mravali mravalTan”, radgan erT savaWro dawesebulebaSi SeiZleba gaiyidos sxvadasxva dasaxelebis masala, amave dros, erTi dasaxelebis masala SeiZleba gaiyidos sxvadasxva maRaziaSi. SevqmnaT konstruqtoris reJimSi axali – gadamkveTi gadamkveTi cxrili, romelSic ori gare gasaRebi-velia market ID da masala ID.

Field Name Data Type Descriptionmarket ID Numbermasala ID Number

3. SevitanoT gadamkveT cxrilSi monacemebi: masalis kodebi da maRaziebis kodebi, romlebic asaxaven konkretuli masalis realizacias konkretul savaWro dawesebulebaSi.

nax. 23

4. davakavSiroT es sami cxrili erTmaneTTan: gavxsnaT Relationships fanjara da Show Table-dan gadmovitanoT cxrilebi masala, gadamkveTi da market. TagviT SevaerToT masala da mar-ket pirveladi gasaRebebi gadamkveTi cxrilSi Sesabamis gare gasaRebebTan (nax.23).

5. SevamowmoT kavSiri, magaliTad, masala cxrili gavxsnaT cxrilis reJimSi da davawkapunoT + niSanze.

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6. SevqmnaT iseTi cxrilebi, romlebsac kavSiri eqnebaT “erTi erTTan”. aseT kavSirs viyenebT maSin, rodesac erTi mravalveliani cxrili unda daiyos nawilebad. aviRoT umartivesi cxrili, romelSic, magaliTad, saxelebi da gvarebia. warmovadginoT aseTi cxrili ori cxrilis saxiT: erTSi SevitanoT mxolod saxelebi, meoreSi – mxolod gvarebi. oriveSi davtovoT erTnairi pirveladi gasaRebebi.

nax. 24

7.davakavSiroT es cxrilebi erTmaneTTan. kavSiris tipi ase

aRiniSneba: One-To-One (nax.24).

savarjiSo 6. monacemTa baza “samisamarTo wigni”. moTxovnis Seqmna monacemebis amorCevaze

SevqmnaT ubis wignakis analogi baza. amisaTvis sruliad sakmarisia erTi cxrili, romelSic mocemuli iqneba CvenTvis saWiro informacia nebismieri pirovnebis Sesaxeb. velebi, romlebic unda Seadgendnen aseT cxrils, CamoTvlilia qvemoT. 1. CavtvirToT Microsoft Access (Start→Programs→Microsoft Access).

dialogis sawyis fanjaraSi CavrToT Blank Database, OK. dialogis fanjaraSi File New Database, velSi Save In mivuTiToT im saqaRaldis saxeli, sadac SevinaxavT monacemTa bazis fails, xolo velSi File Name CavweroT failis saxeli, failis saxelad avirCioT samisamarTo wigni, Create.

2. bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi CavrToT Tables Rilaki da mivceT konstruqtoris reJimSi cxrilis Seqmnis brZaneba Create tables in Design view. cxrilis velebia:

Field Name Data Type DescriptionkodiID Autonumbersaxeli Textgvari TextmisamarTi Textqalaqi Textsafostoindeqsi Textqveyana Text

38

el fosta Textsaxlistelefoni Textsamstelefoni Textfaqsi Textdabadebis TariRi Textbaratis gagzavna BooleanSeniSvna Memo

3. kodiID vels mivaniWoT gasaRebis Tviseba. velebisTvis saxlis telefoni da samstelefoni ganvsazRvroT Setanis niRabi: velSi Input Mask SevitanoT gamosaxuleba !00\-00\-00.

4. SevarCioT monacemTa tipebi da velebis Tvisebebi zemoT aRwerili meTodebiT.

5. cxrilis struqturis agebis Semdeg SevinaxoT igi: Table name velSi mivuTiToT cxrilis saxeli misamarTi.

6. movniSnoT cxrilis saxeli da gavxsnaT igi Cveulebrivi wesiT (Open), SevavsoT velebi da SevqmnaT ramdenime Canaweri.

7. saWiroa Seiqmnas moTxovna, romelic sabaziso cxrilidan amoarCevs mxolod im Canawerebs, romelTa mniSvneloba gvari velSi emTxveva moTxovnaSi miTiTebuls.

8. CavtvirToT monacemTa baza samisamarTo wigni. bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi davaWiroT xeli Queries Rilaks. fanjris marjvena areSi SevarCioT konstruqtoris reJimSi moTxovnis Seqmnis brZaneba Create query in Design view.

nax. 25

9. dialogis fanjaraSi Show Tables avarCioT CanarTi Tables, romelSic movniSnoT cxrili misamarTi. RilakiT Add gadavitanoT cxrilis maketi moTxovnis Seqmnis blankze (nax.25), Close.

10. moTxovnis fanjris zeda nawilSi moTavsebuli cxrilis maketSi avarCioT velebi, romlebic unda figurirebdes moTxovnaSi. isini rigrigobiT TagviT an orjer dawkapunebiT gadavitanoT

39

moTxovnis blankis velis Field striqonze. moTxovnaSi aucileblad unda gvqondes veli gvari, danarCeni velebis moTxovnaSi CarTva moxdeba Cveni Sexedulebisamebr.

11.Tu gvainteresebs ama Tu im gvaris pirovnebas rodis aqvs dabadebis dRe da gvWirdeba misi telefoni, maSin moTxovnaSi gvarTan erTad CavrTavT velebs dabadebis TariRi da saxlis telefoni.

12.imisaTvis, rom Canawerebis amorCeva moxdes gvarebis mixedviT, velisaTvis gvari, Criteria striqonze SevitanoT gamosaxuleba [saZiebeli gvari]. amorCevis pirobis ujraSi kvadratuli frCxilebis arseboba uzrunvelyofs moTxovnis Sesrulebas winaswar miTiTebuli parametriT, xolo teqsti, romelic moTavsebulia kvadratul frCxilebSi, warmoadgens parametris moTxovnis fanjris saTaurs.

nax. 26

13. davxuroT moTxovnis konstruqtoris fanjara. sistema moiTxovs cvlilebebis Senaxvis

dadasturebas, Yes. Semdeg etapze moTxovnas mivaniWoT saxeli gvari. am moqmedebebis Sesrulebis Semdeg bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi moTxovnebis CamonaTvals daemateba Seqmnili moTxovna gvari.

14. movniSnoT moTxovna da gavxsnaT Cveulebrivi wesiT Open. ekranze gamonaTdeba fanjara parametris moTxovniT (nax.26). SevitanoT is gvari, romlis Sesaxeb monacemebis amokrebac gvinda ZiriTadi cxrilidan. moTxovnis muSaobis Sedegi iqneba damajamebeli cxrili, romelic Seicavs moTxovnaSi Cvens mier CarTul velebs da mxolod im Canawerebs, romelic Seicavs parametrad miTiTebul gvars.

savarjiSo 7. monacemTa baza “samisamarTo wigni”, moTxovnidan Canawerebis amokreba garkveuli pirobebiT

SevqmnaT moTxovna, romelic sabaziso cxrilidan misamarTi amoarCevs mxolod im Canawerebs, romelTa velSi dabadebis TariRi Tvis da dRis ricxviTi mniSvnelobebi emTxveva kompiuteris kalendarul TariRs (e.i. mimdinare dRes aqvs dabadebis dRe). agreTve Seiqmnas moTxovnebi, romelSic iqneba gamoTvlili pirovnebis welTa raodenoba da moTxovna, romelic sabaziso cxrilidan amoarCevs mxolod im Canawerebs (Sesabamisi pirovnebebis gvarebs), romlebsac Cvens mier

40

miTiTebul TveSi aqvT dabadebis dRe da saWiroa misaloci baraTis gagzavna. CavtvirToT monacemTa baza samisamarTo wigni. moTxovnis Sesaqmnelad SevasruloT wina samuSaos me-8 da me-9 punqtebi.1. pirveli moTxovnis Sesaqmnelad gadmovitanoT cxrilis Sem-

degi velebi: gvari, saxeli da dabadebis TariRi. SeiZleba sxva velebis Setanac.

2. dabadebis TariRi velis Sesabamis Criteria striqonze SevitanoT gamosaxuleba, romelic aRniSnul velSi miTiTebul TariRs Seadarebs kompiuteris mimdinare kalendarul TariRs. am gamosaxulebas aseTi saxe eqneba: Day(Date())=Day([misamarTi]![dabadebisTariRi]) and month(Date())=month([misamarTi]![dabadebisTariRi]). funqcia Date() iTvlis mimdinare TariRis ricxviT mniSvnelobas. pirveli toloba uzrunvelyofs Canaweris dRis rigiTi nomris damTxvevas mimdinare TariRis dRis nomerTan, xolo meore toloba – Canaweris Tvis nomris tolobas mimdinare Tvis nomerTan.

3. davxuroT fanjara da mivaniWoT moTxovnas saxeli dabadebis dRe. gamosaxulebis Casawerad SegviZlia Built programis gamoyeneba.

4. Seqmnili moTxovna gavxsnaT Cveulebrivi wesiT. miviRebT damajamebel cxrils CanawerebiT, romlebic Seexeba mimdinare dRes dabadebul pirovnebebs.

5. SevqmnaT meore moTxovna, romelSic gamoTvlili iqneba pi-rovnebis welTa raodenoba, amisaTvis moTxovnaSi SevitanoT velebi: saxeli da dabadebis TariRi. davamatoT veli, romelSic CavweroT gamosaxuleba Built programis gamoyenebiT: Year(Date())-Year([misamarTi]![dabadebis TariRi]). davaTvalieroT damajamebeli cxrili.

6. SevqmnaT mesame moTxovna, romelic amokrebs Canawerebs im pirovnebebis Sesaxeb, romelTa dabadebis dRec miTiTebul TveSia da saWiroa misaloci baraTis gagzavna. amisaTvis dagvWirdeba velebi: gvari dabadebis TariRi da baraTis gagzavna

7. velSi dabadebis TariRi amorCevis piroba unda iyos TariRis Tvis ricxviTi mniSvnelobis da winaswar miTiTebuli parametris (romelime Tvis nomeri) toloba. amisaTvis am velis Sesabamis Criteria striqonze SevitanoT gamosaxuleba [SearCieT Tve]= Month([misamarTi]![dabadebis TariRi]) (nax.27). kvadratuli frCxilebi gamosaxulebis TavSi uzrunvelyofs moTxovnis parametris fanjris gamotanas, xolo frCxilebSi moTavsebuli teqsti [SearCieT Tve] – am fanjris dasaTaurebas. tolobis niSnis marjvena nawilSi xdeba Tvis nomris parametrTan tolobis Semowmeba. garda wina pirobisa, Canawerebi unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg pirobasac: vels baratis gagzavna unda

41

hqondes WeSmariti mniSvneloba. amisaTvis am velis Sesabamis Criteria striqonze SevitanoT Yes.

8. davxuroT konstruqtoris fanjara da moTxovnas mivaniWoT saxeli milocva.

nax. 27

9. Seqmnili moTxovna gavxsnaT Cveulebrivi wesiT, parametris moTxovnis fanjris teqstur velSi SevitanoT raime ricxvi 1-dan 12-mde (Tvis nomeri). davaTvalieroT damajamebeli cxrili.

savarjiSo 8. monacemTa baza “Rvinis sardafi”

rogorc viciT, monacemTa bazis Sesaqmnelad srulad unda iyos gaazrebuli, ra saxis informaciis Senaxva da SemdgomSi gacema moiTxoveba bazisagan. am SemTxvevaSi bazaSi sasurvelia Setanili iyos informacia sardafSi arsebuli produqciis Sesaxeb (cnobebi produqciis yovel erTeulze), da monacemebi am produqciis Sesyidvaze (raodenoba, TariRi da a.S.). aqedan gamomdinare, gvWirdeba ori cxrili: Rvinis CamonaTvlis da misi Sesyidvis. Rvinis CamonaTvalSi yoveli erTeulisaTvis ganisazRvreba Rvinis tipi (dasaxeleba, feri, tkbilia Tu mSrali, mosavlis weli da a.S.). magram aq gverds ver avuvliT monacemebis gameorebas, rac ar aris sasurveli. amitom davamatebT mesame cxrils, romelSic CamoTvlili iqneba mxolod Rvinis tipebi. bazaSi agreTve SevqmniT moTxovnebs.1. bazis Seqmna daviwyoT failis gansazRvriT, amisaTvis

SevasruloT me-6 savarjiSos 1-li da me-2 punqtebi, File name velSi SevitanoT failis saxeli Rvinis sardafi.

2. konstruqtoris reJimSi rigrigobiT SevqmnaT sami cxrilis struqtura. Rvinis tipis (Rvinis tipi) cxrilis velebia:

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Field Name Data Type DescriptionRvinis tipisID AutonumberRvinis tipi Textferi Text

3. danarCen cxrilebTan kavSirebis dasamyareblad pirveli veli ganvsazRvroT, rogorc pirveladi gasaRebi. amisaTvis movniSnoT igi da SevasruloT brZaneba Edit→Primary Key.

4. radgan Rvinis feris mniSvnelobebis mxolod sami varianti arsebobs, feri velis SevsebisaTvis gamoviyenoT Canacvlebis meTodi. movniSnoT veli da Field Properties → Lookup CanarTSi SevarCioT Semdegi Tvisebebi: Display Control – List Box, Row Source Type – Value List, Row Source – SevitanoT ferebis CamonaTvali, romlebic erTmaneTisagan wertilmZimiT iqnebian gamoyofili: TeTri; wiTeli; Savi.

5. Canacvlebis meTodi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT agreTve velisTvis Rvinis tipi, an saxeobebi mSrali, tkbili da sxva SevitanoT pirdapir cxrilSi.

6. davxuroT konstruqtoris fanjara da mivaniWoT cxrils saxeli Rvinis tipi.

7. gavxsnaT cxrili Cveulebrivi wesiT Open, SevavsoT mona-cemebiT – SevqmnaT ramdenime Canaweri.

8. meore cxrilis – Rvinis CamonaTvlis (Rvinis CamonaTvali) velebia:

Field Name Data Type DescriptionRvinisID Autonumberdasaxeleba Textmosavlis weli NumberRvinis tipisID Numberdamamz.qveyana Textmowodeba MemoboTlis zoma Number

9. cxrilis pirveli veli RvinisID ganvsazRvroT, rogorc pirveladi

gasaRebi-veli. 10. cxrilis Sevsebisas velisTvis RvinistipisID gamoviyenoT

Canacvlebis meTodi – masSi Casaweri monacemebi (kodebi) avarCioT ukve arsebuli Rvinis tipi cxrilidan. amisaTvis movniSnoT veli da Field Properties → Lookup CanarTSi SevarCioT Semdegi Tvisebebi: Display Control – Combo Box, Row Source Type – Table/Query, Row Source – amovarCioT cxrili Rvinis tipi, Bound Column – 1, Column Count – 3, Column Heads –Yes, Column Widths – 1, List Widths – 3, danarCeni Tvisebebi davtovoT ucvlelad.

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11.velisaTvis boTlis zoma Tvisebebis Field Properties CanarTSi General SevarCioT Semdegi Tvisebebi: Field Size—Single, Decimal Places -- 2. es uzrunvelyofs ricxvis warmodgenas wiladis saxiT ise, rom aTobiTi wertilis Semdeg gamotanili iqnas ori cifri.

12.davxuroT konstruqtoris fanjara da mivaniWoT cxrils saxeli Rvinis CamonaTvali.

13.gavxsnaT cxrili Cveulebrivi wesiT (Open), SevavsoT monacemebiT – SevqmnaT ramodenime Canaweri.

14.mesame cxrilis – Sesyidvis (Sesyidva) velebia:

Field Name Data Type DescriptionSesyidvisID AutonumberRvinisID NumberSesyidvis TariRi Date/Timeraodenoba Numbergadaxdili Tanxa Currency

15.cxrilis pirveli veli SesyidvisID ganvsazRvroT, rogorc pirveladi gasaRebi-veli .

16. RvinisID velis Sevsebisas SesaZlebelia Canacvlebis meTodis gamoyeneba – monacemebi (kodebi) avarCioT ukve arsebuli cxrilidan Rvinis CamonaTvali. movniSnoT veli da Field Properties Lookup CanarTSi SevarCioT Semdegi Tvisebebi: Display Control – Combo Box, Row Source Type – Table/Query, Row Source – amovarCioT cxrili Rvinis CamonaTvali, Bound Column – 1, Column Count – 7, Heads – Yes, Column Widths –1”, List Width – 7”, danarCeni Tvisebebi davtovoT ucvleli.

17.davxuroT konstruqtoris fanjara da mivaniWoT cxrils saxeli Sesyidva.

18.gavxsnaT cxrili Cveulebrivi wesiT, SevavsoT monacemebiT – SevqmnaT ramodenime Canaweri.

19.davamyaroT cxrilebs Soris kavSiri (nax.28).

nax. 28

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20.SevqmnaT moTxovna, romelic amoarCevs produqcias dasaxelebis da feris mixedviT: saWiroa Sesruldes Rvinis CamonaTvali cxrilidan im produqciis amorCeva, romelic miTiTebuli feris da tipis iqneba, anu moTxovnaSi velebisaTvis Rvinistipi da feri SevasruloT moTxovna parametriT.

nax.29

21.moTxovnis asagebad dagvWirdeba ori cxrili Rvinis tipi da Rvinis CamonaTvali. gavxsnaT moTxovna konstuqtoris reJimSi Create query in Design view da dialogis fanjaraSi Show Tables, avarCioT CanarTi Tables, zemoT aRniSnuli cxrilebi gadavitanoT moTxovnis Seqmnis fanjaraSi. fanjris qveda nawilSi CamovitanoT velebi Rvinis tipi, feri da dasaxeleba, SesaZlebelia sxva velebis Camotanac (nax.29).

22.velSi Criteria arsebuli Canaweri uzrunvelyofs Zebnas parametrebiT. kvadratul frCxilebSi miTiTebuli teqstebi [saxeli] da [Rvinis feri] warmoadgens parametrebis fanjrebis saTaurebs. es teqstebi ar unda iyos velebis saTaurebis zusti aslebi (erTi carieli simboloTi mainc unda gansxvavdebodes). davxuroT konstruqtoris fanjara da moTxovnas mivaniWoT saxeli amorCeva.

23.gavxsnaT moTxovna Cveulebrivi wesiT, SevavsoT jer Rvinis saxelis parametris moTxovnis teqsturi veli, xolo Semdeg Rvinis feris parametris. davaTvalieroT damajamebeli cxrili.

savarjiSo 9. monacemTa baza “Rvinis sardafi”. moTxovnebis Seqmna

SevqmnaT iseTi moTxovna, romelSic iqneba Casatarebeli gamoTvlebi, magaliTad, SevqmnaT moTxovnebi “produqciis

45

erTeulis fasi” da “saSualo fasi”. amocanis Sinaarsi aseTia: erTi da imave ID kodis mqone produqciis partia SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva dros sxvadasxva fasad iqnas Sesyiduli. Sesabamisad, erTi da imave dasaxelebis produqciisaTvis, romelic sxvadasxva dros aris Sesyiduli da e.i. erTmaneTisagan mxolod SesyidvisID kodiT gansxvavdebian, erTeulis fasi iqneba gansxvavebuli. 1. CavtvirToT baza “Rvinis sardafi”, SevqmnaT moTxovna

konstuqtoris reJimSi Create query in Design view. moTxovnis Seqmnis fanjaraSi SevitanoT cxrilebi Sesyidva da Rvinis CamonaTvali. Field velSi gadmovitanoT Rvinis CamonaTvlis cxrilidan RvinisID da dasaxeleba velebi, Sesyidvis cxrilidan – SesyidvisID, raodenoba, dagaxdili Tanxa.

2. erTeulis fasi gamoiangariSeba partiaSi gadaxdili Tanxis (velis gadaxdili Tanxa) raodenobasTan (velTan raodenoba) SefardebiT. amisaTvis Semogvaqvs veli erTeulis fasi, romelSic CavwerT gamosaxulebas: gadaxdili Tanxa, gayofili raodenobaze, anu Field velSi SevitanT gamosaxulebas: erTeulis fasi:([Sesyidva]![gadaxdili Tanxa]/ [Sesyidva]![raodenoba]). aq SeiZleba Built programis gamoyenebac.

3. rogorc viciT, cxrilis velebis daformateba xdeba cxrilebis agebis procesSi. veli erTeulis fasi arc erT Cvens mier Seqmnil cxrilSi ar figurirebs da, e.i. ar aris daformatebuli. am velis dasaformateblad SevasruloT Semdegi moqmedebebi: davayenoT kursori Field velis erTeulis fasi ujraSi da menius View → Properties (an konteqsturi meniudan marjvena RilakiT), General CanarTis Format velSi avarCioT velis daformatebis tipi (nax.30).

nax.30

4. davxuroT dialogis fanjara da moTxovnas mivaniWoT saxeli erTeulis fasi. gavxsnaT moTxovna Cveulebrivi wesiT, davaTvalieroT damajamebeli cxrili (nax.31).

nax. 31

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5. SevqmnaT moTxovna “saSualo fasi”. rogorc wina moTxovnis Seqmnisas davinaxeT, erTi da imave kodis mqone produqcias SeiZleba sxvadasxva fasi hqondes. miuxedavad amisa, am produqciisaTvis SesaZlebelia saSualo fasis gamoangariSeba, romelic iqneba erTi da imave ID-is mqone produqciis sxvadasxva fasebis saSualo ariTmetikuli.

6. gavxsnaT moTxovnis konstuqtoris reJimi Create query in Design view. moTxovnis Seqmnis fanjaraSi SevitanoT cxrili Rvinis CamonaTvali. Semdeg menius View → Show Tables punqtiT gamovitanoT fanjara Show Tables, avarCioT CanarTi Queries da davamatoT moTxovna erTeulis fasi.

7. CamonaTvlis cxrilidan Field velSi gadmovitanoT RvinisID da dasaxeleba velebi.

8. SemovitanoT axali veli saS fasi, romelic iqneba erTnairi kodis mqone dasaxelebebis fasebis saSualo ariTmetikuli. amisaTvis field velSi SevitanoT gamosaxuleba: saSfasi:Avg([erTeulis fasi]! erTeulis fasi) (nax.32).

9. wina moTxovnaSi aRwerili gziT davaformatoT veli saSfasi, rogorc fuladi tipis monacemi (Currency).

10. imisaTvis, rom saSualo fasis amorCeva moxdes konkretuli

dasaxelebis produqciisaTvis, veli dasaxeleba gamoviyenoT amorCevis kriteriumis misaTiTeblad. am velis Criteria ujraSi SevitanoT parametris moTxovnis gamosaxuleba [dasaxeleba]. aq parametris saTaurs win daurTeT carieli pozicia, raTa velis saxelisagan iyos gansxvavebuli.

nax. 32

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11. davxuroT dialogis fanjara da moTxovnas mivaniWoT saxeli saSfasi.

12.gavxsnaT moTxovna Cveulebrivi wesiT, SevavsoT parametri dasaxeleba da davaTvalieroT damajamebeli cxrili.

savarjiSo 10. monacemTa baza “samkervalo”

monacemTa baza “samkervalo” unda Seicavdes Semdegi saxis informacias: TanamSromlebis vinaoba (saxeli, gvari da a.S.), dawesebulebaSi arsebuli samuSaoTa saxeobebi, anazRaurebis odenoba da sxv. bazis meSveobiT agreTve unda arsebobdes iseTi informaciis miRebis saSualeba, rogoricaa, TiToeuli TanamSromlis mier Sesrulebuli samuSaos odenoba, saxeoba, drois Sualedi da a.S. bazis saswavlo daniSnulebidan gamomdinare, amocanaSi zogierTi sakiTxi gamartivebulia, kerZod, daSvebulia piroba, rom erT konkretul SekveTas mxolod erTi TanamSromeli asrulebs. bazis Sesaqmnelad CamovayaliboT sami cxrili: SesaZlo SekveTebis CamonaTvali – SemoTavazebuli momsaxureba, TanamSromlebis Sesaxeb informacia da monacemebi Sesrulebuli samuSaos Sesaxeb.

bazis asagebad SevqmnaT faili saxeliT samkervalo. cxrilebi SevqmnaT konstruqtoris reJimSi:1. daviwyoT axali bazis Seqmna, fails mivaniWoT saxeli

samkervalo. SevqmnaT pirveli cxrili, struqturis blankSi SevitanoT cxrilis SemoTavazebuli momsaxureba (SemoTavazebuli momsaxureba) velebis saxelebi: dasaxeleba, anazRaureba da SesrulebisaTvis saWiro dReebi. SevarCioT Sesatani monacemebis tipebi:

Field Name Data Type DescriptionmomsID Autonumberdasaxeleba TextanazRaureba CurrencySesr saWiro dReebi Number

2. pirveli veli ganvsazRvroT, rogorc pirveladi gasaRebi, amisaTvis movniSnoT igi da CavrToT Edit→Primary Key.

3. SevinaxoT cxrili da konstruqtoris reJimidan gadavideT cxrilis reJimSi – SevitanoT ramdenime Canaweri.

4. SevqmnaT meore cxrili, struqturis blankSi SevitanoT cxrilis – TanamSromlebis (TanamSromlebi) velebis saxelebi da SevarCioT Sesatani monacemebis tipebi:

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Field Name Data Type DescriptionTanamSromlisID Autonumbergvari Textsaxeli Text

5. gavimeoroT me-2 punqti, SevinaxoT cxrili da konstruqtoris reJimidan gadavideT cxrilis reJimSi – SevitanoT ramdenime Canaweri.

6. SevqmnaT mesame cxrili, struqturis blankSi SevitanoT cxrilis – Sesrulebuli samuSaos (Sesrulebuli samuSao) velebis saxelebi da SevarCioT Sesatani monacemebis tipebi:

Field Name Data Type DescriptionSekveTisID AutonumbermomsID NumberTanamSromlisID NumberSekveTis TariRi Date/Time

7. gavimeoroT me-5 punqti. cxrilSi velis momsID Sevsebis gamartivebis mizniT gamoviyenoT Canacvlebis meTodi – monacemebi avarCioT arsebuli SemoTavazebuli momsaxureba cxrilidan. amisaTvis konstruqtoris reJimSi movniSnoT momsID veli da Field Properties → Lookup CanarTSi SevarCioT Semdegi Tvisebebi: Display Control – Combo Box; Row Source Type – Table/Query; Row Source – cxrili SemoTavazebuli momsaxureba; Bound Column – 1; Column Count – 3; Column Widths – 1”, List Width – 3”. danarCeni Tvisebebi davtovoT ucvlelad.

8. imave wesiT gamoviyenoT Canacvlebis meTodi velisaTvis TanamSromlisID, wyarod avirCioT cxrili TanamSromlebi.

9. SevinaxoT cxrili da konstruqtoris reJimidan gadavideT cxrilis reJimSi – SevitanoT ramdenime Canaweri.

10. davamyaroT cxrilebs Soris kavSiri. amisaTvis: Tools→Relationships, Show Table fanjris Tables CanarTSi movniSnoT samive cxrili, Add. davxuroT dialogis fanjara, Close. Relationships fanjaraSi cxrili SemoTavazebuli momsaxureba pirveladi gasaRebi veliT davakavSiroT cxril Sesrulebuli samuSao-s gare gasaReb-velTan momsID. gamonaTebul Edit Relationships fanjaraSi CavrToT Sesabamisi almebi, Create. analogiurad davakavSiroT cxrili TanamSromlebi gasaRebi veliT cxrilTan Sesrulebuli samuSao gare gasaReb-velTan TanamSromlisID. davxuroT fanjara, Yes.

11.SevqmnaT moTxovna, romelic gansazRvravs SekveTis Sesrulebis vadas. rogorc ukve vnaxeT, cxrilebis Seqmnisas yoveli SekveTisaTvis gansazRvrulia Sesasruleblad saWiro dReTa raodenoba, e.i. Tu viciT SekveTis miRebis dRe, SegviZlia ganvsazRvroT SekveTis damTavrebis TariRic.

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moTxovnis Sesaqmnelad gamoviyenoT samive cxrili: gavxsnaT moTxovna konstruqtoris reJimSi (Create query in Design view) da dialogis fanjridan Show Tables CanarT Tables-Si movniSnoT samive cxrili, Add. blankze TagviT Fields striqonze CamovitanoT velebi SekveTisID (cxrili Sesrulebuli samuSao) da dasaxeleba (cxrili SemoTavazebuli momsaxureba).

12. moTxovnis Fields striqonze damatebiT svetSi SevqmnaT veli Semsrulebeli ori velis gvari da saxeli (cxrilidan TanamSromlebi) gaerTianebis gziT. amisaTvis axal svetSi SevitanoT gamosaxuleba: Semsrulebeli: [TanamSromlebi]![saxeli] & " " & [TanamSromlebi]![gvari]. gamosaxulebis Casawerad SegviZlia agreTve Built programis gamoyenebac.

13.amave moTxovnaSi SevqmnaT kidev erTi veli – SekveTis Cabarebis vada (SekveTis Cabarebis vada). am velis mniSvneloba gamoiTvleba SekveTis miRebis TariRze SekveTis Sesasruleblad saWiro dReebis damatebiT. velSi SekveTis Cabarebis vada SevitanoT gamosaxuleba: SekveTis Cabarebis vada: DateAdd(“d”, [SemoTavazebulimomsaxureba]![SesrsaWiro- dReebi], [SesrulebulisamuSao]![SekveTisTariRi]). gamosaxulebis Casawerad SegviZlia Built programis gamoyeneba. gamosaxulebaSi CarTulia funqcia DateAdd, misi zogadi Canaweria: DateAdd («interval», «number», «date»). argumentis «interval»-Si mivuTiTebT, Tu ra intervali emateba SekveTis TariRs: dRe, Tve Tu weli. Cvens SemTxvevaSi unda daematos dReebi, amitom CavweroT "d" (Tveebis damatebis SemTxvevaSi CavwerT “mm”, wlebis - “yyyy”), «number» nawilSi SevitanT dasamatebel ricxvs, am SemTxvevaSi mivuTiTebT vels SesrsawirodReebi cxrilidan SemoTavazebuli samuSao, «date» nawilSi SevitanT im TariRis mniSvnelobas, romelzec xdeba ama Tu im intervalis damateba – vels SekveTisTariRi cxrilidan Sesrulebuli samuSao.

14.davxuroT konstruqtoris fanjara da mivaniWoT moTxovnas saxeli SekveTis Cabareba. gavxsnaT moTxovna Cveulebrivi wesiT, davaTvalieroT damajamebeli cxrili.

savarjiSo 11. monacemTa baza “samkervalo”. sxvadasxva xasiaTis moTxovnebis Seqmna

monacemTa bazaSi “samkervalo” SevqmnaT Semdegi saxis moTxovnebi: pirvelSi moxdes SekveTebis Sesrulebidan Semosuli mTliani Tanxis daTvla konkretul TveSi, meoreSi - SerCeuli TanamSromlis mier konkretul TveSi yvela SekveTis SesrulebiT Semotanili mTliani Tanxa, mesameSi – TiToeuli TanamSromlis mier gamomuSavebuli xelfasi.

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1. pirveli moTxovnisaTvis dagvWirdeba SemdegiGvelebi: cxrilidan SesrulebulisamuSao – SekveTisID da SekveTisTariRi, cxrilidan TanamSromlebi – gvari, saxeli, cxrilidan SemoTavazebulimomsaxureba – anazRaureba.SevqmnaT moTxovna konstuqtoris reJimSi (Create query in Design view) da dialogis fanjridan Show Tables gadavitanoT samive cxrili moTxovnis fanjaraSi. zemoT aRniSnuli velebi TagviT saTiTaod gadmovitanoT moTxovnis blankze.

2. axali svetis Criteria striqonze SevitanoT gamosaxuleba [Tve]=Month([SesrulebulisamuSao]![SekveTisTariRi]), raTa moTxov-na Sesruldes parametriT. davxuroT konstruqtoris fanjara da mivaniWoT moTxovnas saxeli Semosuli Tanxebi.

3. gavxsnaT moTxovna Cveulebrivi wesiT, mivuTiToT parametri, anu Tvis rigiTi nomeri da davaTvalieroT damajamebeli cxrili.

nax. 33

4. meore moTxovna

unda Seiqmnas ukve arsebuli moTxovnis Semosuli Tanxebi safuZvelze. SevqmnaT moTxovna konstruqtoris reJimSi (Create query in Design view) da dialogis fanjaraSi Show Tables avarCioT CanarTi Query CamonaTvalidan – moTxovna Semosuli Tanxebi. moTxovnis blankze aRniSnuli moTxovnis maketidan Fields striqonze gadavitanoT velebi gvari, saxeli da anazRaureba (nax.33).

5. CavrToT jgufuri operaciebi iaraRebis panelze arsebuli Σ RilakiT. velebisaTvis gvari da saxeli davtovoT (Group By), xolo velisaTvis anazRaureba – avarCioT dajamebis operacia (Sum).

vinaidan velis “anazRaureba” ga-moTvla xdeba moTxovnaSi, saWiroa misi

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formatis gansazRvra. amisaTvis SevasruloT Semdegi moqmedebebi: velSi anazRaureba davaWiroT xeli menius punqts Properties, General

nax. 34

CanarTis Format velSi avarCioT 0”lari” formati, Decimal Places-Si 2, Caption velSi SevitanoT velis saxeli “anazRaureba TveSi” (nax.34).

6. davxuroT konstruqtoris fanjara da mivaniWoT moTxovnas saxeli Semosuli Tanxebi2 .

7. SevasruloT moTxovna Cveulebrivi wesiT, parametris fanjaraSi (sistema aucileblad moiTxovs parametrs, radgan es moTxovna agebulia iseT moTxovnaze, romlis Sesruleba saWiroebs parametris miTiTebas), SevitanoT konkretuli Tvis ricxviTi mniSvneloba da davaTvalieroT miRebuli cxrili.

8. mesame moTxovnaSi gamoTvlili unda iyos TiToeuli TanamSromlis mier Semotanili Tanxis odenobis safuZvelze gamoangariSebuli xelfasis mniSvneloba (aq xelfasis gamosaTvleli formulebi maqsimalurad gamartivebulia). CavTvaloT, rom Semotanili Tanxis naxevari gamoiwereba xelfasis saxiT. gamowerili Tanxidan ganxorcieldeba sxvadasxva saxis daqviTva. davuSvaT, rom daqviTvebi jamSi Seadgenen: 15%-s 150 larze dabal gamoweril Tanxaze, xolo 20%-s – 150 larze maRal Tanxaze. moTxovna SevqmnaTYmanamde Seqmnili moTxovnis Semosuli Tanxebi2 safuZvelze.

9. gavxsnaT moTxovna konstuqtoris reJimSi (Create query in Design view) da dialogis fanjaraSi Show Tables CanarTidan Query movniSnoT moTxovna Semosuli Tanxebi2. moTxovnis maketidan blankze gadmovitanoT velebi gvari, saxeli da SumOfanazRaureba (nax.35).

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nax. 35

10. SevqmnaT axal svetSi veli gamowerili Tanxis naxevris dasaTvlelad. amisaTvis svetis saTaveSi SevitanoT gamosaxuleba: naxevari:[SumOfanazRaureba]* 0.5.

11. momdevno svetSi gamoviTvaloT daqviTva. am sididis gamosaTvlelad SevitanoT gamosaxuleba: daqviTva:IIf([naxevari]<150, [naxevari]*0.15, [ naxevari]*0.2).

12. gamoviTvaloT xelze asaRebi Tanxa, amisaTvis momdevno axali svetis saTaveSi SevitanoT gamosaxuleba xelzeasaRebi:[naxevari]-[daqviTva]. samive veli davaformatoT wina moTxovnaSi aRwerili wesiT.

13. davxuroT konstruqtoris fanjara da moTxovnas mivaniWoT saxeli xelfasi. moTxovnis Sesrulebaze gaSvebisas gamoCndeba parametris fanjara, romelSic SevitanT konkretuli Tvis ricxviT mniSvnelobas da davaTvalierebT damajamebel cxrils.

formebi

monacemTa bazaSi gamoyenebis simartivis da sixSiris TvalsazrisiT forma yvelaze mniSvnelovani obieqtia. igi bazis gare samyarosTan urTierTobis saukeTeso saSualebaa, radgan momxmarebeli programis yoveli gaSvebisas muSaobs formasTan – Seaqvs monacemebi, marTavs procesebs da a.S. am dros cxrilebi da moTxovnebi misTvis rCeba uxilavi. gamomdinare aqedan, formis Seqmnis dros didi yuradReba eqceva mis garegnul saxes.

forma momxmarebels, erTis mxriv, monacemebis uSualod cxrilebSi Setanis saSualebas aZlevs (Tanac cxrilebTan Seuxeblad), meores mxriv – moTxovnebis damajamebel cxrilebs lamazi da TvalsaCino xediT warmoaCens. amrigad, formas viyenebT: monacemebis Setanis, redaqtirebis (monacemebis damateba, amoReba, damalva, gamoTvla da a.S.), bazis muSaobis mimdinareobis marTvis (monacemebis Zebna, gafil-tvra, makrosebisa da Visual Basic procedurebis gamoyeneba da sxv.) da, agreTve, informaciis sabeWd mowyobilobaze gatanis mizniT.

formebis umetesoba cxrilebis da moTxovnebis safuZvelze iqmneba. SesaZlebelia kombinirebuli variantic. Access-s aqvs formis agebis avtomatizebis saSualebebi – avtoformebi. avtoformebiT igi garkveul standartul struqturebs gvTavazobs. forma SeiZleba agreTve ostatis daxmarebiTac Seiqmnas. formis ostati specialuri programuli saSualebaa, romelic mis struqturas bazis dammuSavebelTan dialogSi qmnis. magram Cveni fantaziis

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da gemovnebis gamovlinebisTvis forma umjobesia avagoT konstruqtoris reJimSi (Design View). aq SesaZlebelia yvela wvril-manis gaTvaliswineba formis garegnuli saxis saukeTesodD warmoCenisa da marTvis efeqturad ganxorcielebisaTvis. formas ganvixilavT da masTan vmuSaobT e.w. formis reJimSi (Form View).

Tu forma mxolod erT obieqts efuZneba, mas martivi ewodeba, xolo Tu igi ramdenime dakavSirebul obieqtzea agebuli – rTuli. aseT dros igi warmoadgens formebis kompozicias. rTuli formis agebis wesis mixedviT ganvasxvavebT daqvemdebarebul da dakavSirebul variantebs. xSirad viyenebT agreTve modalur da tivtiva formebs. pirveli muSaobis gasagrZeleblad momxmareblisagan Sesabamis Setyobinebas iTxovs, meore yovelTvis aqtiuria, ganlagebulia sxva fanjrebTan SedarebiT wina planze.

avtoformebi

avtoformis gamoyenebiT formis agebis sami varianti arsebobs: svetebad (Columnar, nax.36), striqonebad (Tabular, nax.37) da cxrilad (Datasheet). Columnar tipis forma asaxavs erTi Canaweris yvela vels, igi mosaxerxebelia monacemebis

nax. 36

Setanisa da redaqtirebisaTvis. Tabular tipis forma asaxavs Cana-werTa jgufs, misi gamoyeneba mosaxerxebelia monacemebis sabeWd mowyobilobaze gatanis dros. Datasheet tipis forma garegnulad ar gansxvavdeba sabazo cxrilisagan. formis Sesaqmnelad avtoformebis gamoyenebiT bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi CavrTavT Rilaks Forms, Semdeg New. gamotanil dialogSi avarCevT avtoformis saxeobas. fanjris qveda nawilSi, velSi Choose the table or query where the object’s data comes from CamosaSleli

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siidan avarCevT im cxrils an moTxovnas, romlis safuZvelze igeba forma, OK.

forma avtomaturad Seiqmneba da mzadaa gamosayeneblad – monacemebis Setanis da sxva moqmedebebis Casatareblad. yuradReba mivaqcioT imas, rom avtoforma mxolod erT obieqts (cxrils an moTxovnas) efuZneba.

-.

nax. 37

formis struqtura

konstruqtoris reJimis CarTviT gavecnobiT formis struqturas: bazis ZiriTadi fanjridan CavrTavT Forms→ New→ Design View (nax.38). forma dafarulia badiT, romelic aadvilebs masze obieqtebis optimalurad ganTavsebas. bades CavrTavT an gamovrTavT meniudan View → Grid. rogorc naxatidan Cans, forma 3 ZiriTadi ganyofilebis (seqciisagan) Sedgeba: saTauris (Form Header), monacemebis (Detail) da SeniSvnebis (Form Footer). informacia, romelic sabazo cxrilidan an moTxovnidan Semodis, Tavsdeba formis Sua nawilSi Detail ubanze. saTauris da SeniSvnebis areebs, romlebsac kolontitulebi ewodeba, mxolod gaformebis daniSnuleba aqvT. maTi Sinaarsi cxrilebTan an moTxovnebTan ar aris dakavSirebuli. aq Setanili informacia yvela CanawerisTvis erTia. zolebi, romliTac es ganyofilebebi erTmaneTisagan gamoiyofa, gadaadgildebian vertikalurad Tagvis meSveobiT, riTac maT sasurvel zomas SevurCevT. Tu forma Tavsdeba qaRaldis erT furcelze, mas printerze gavitanT Windows-Si arsebuli wesiT (formis reJimSi File → Print). Tu for-mebis raodenoba an zoma qaRaldis furclis zomebs aRemateba, maSin beWdvis gagrZeleba unda moxdes momdevno gverdze gadasvliT. am dros davamatebT gverdis saTavisa da SeniSvnebis areebs Page Header, Page Footer. formis da gverdis kolontitulebis CarTva/gamorTva xdeba menius punqtidan View → Form Header/Form Footer da View → Page Header/Page Footer. gverdis

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saTaveSi SevitanT gverdis nomers, risTvisac CavrTavT menius punqts Insert → Page Number.

nax . 38

formis marTvis elementebi

konstruqtoris reJimSi muSaobis dros viyenebT marTvis elementebs. maTi daxmarebiT vqmniT sxvadasxva daniSnulebis velebs, romlebSic ganvaxorcielebT monacemTa Setanas an

gamotanas, vaTavsebT warwerebs, romlebic zrdian formis TvalsaCinoebas da informatiulobas, vamatebT gadamrTvelebs, almebs, siebs da elementebs. marTvis elementebi moTavsebulia elementTa panelze Toolbox (nax.39). mas gamovitanT menius punqtiT View → Toolbox an imave saxelwodebis RilakiT. marTvis elementebis paneli formis Seqmnis Taviseburi “marTvis centria”, romlidanac vasrulebT ama Tu im brZanebas an garkveuli daniSnulebis programas. rodesac

CavrTavT panelis romelime Rilaks, Tagvis maCvenebeli iRebs am elementis niSnakis formas. Tagvis maCvenebels davawkapunebT Details areSi an davayenebT iq, sadac marTvis elementis marcxena zeda kuTxe unda moTavsdes. Semdeg Tagvis Rilakis daWeril mdgomareobaSi maCvenebels sasurveli aris marjvena qveda kuTxeSi gadavitanT da Tagvis Rilakidan aviRebT xels. sxva Rilakis CarTvis Semdeg arCeuli Rilaki gamoirTveba. Rilakis CarTuli mdgomareobis dasafiqsireblad masze orjer davawkapunebT.

nax.39

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elementTa panelis Rilakebi Semdeg funqciebs axorcieleben: Select Objects – obieqtis moniSvnis saSualeba. igi Tavidanvea

CarTuli. Control Wizards – ostatebis CamrTveli Rilaki. ostats gamo-

viyenebT elementebis dajgufebis, siebis an damatebiTi Rilakebis formaze moTavsebis da sxva operaciebis ganxorcielebis mizniT.

Label – warwera. marTvis elementebs, rogorc wesi, minawe-ri (Label) aqvT darTuli. am Rilaks gamoviyenebT agreTve iseTi teqstebis Sesatanad (saTaurebi, instruqciebi da sxva), romlebic ar arian ama Tu im elementTan mierTebuli.

Text Box gamoiyeneba iseTi velis Sesaqmnelad, romelSic teqstis, ricxvis, TariRis Setana/gamotanis saSualeba gveqneba. SesaZlebelia misi dakavSireba cxrilis an moTxovnis romelime velTan. es elementi SegviZlia gamoviyenoT agreTve gamoTvlebis Sedegebis gamosatanad.

Option Group gamoiyeneba marTvis elementebis dasajgu-feblad. jgufSi SeiZleba ramdenime gadamrTvelis, almis da sxva. elementis gaerTianeba. maTi redaqtireba (zomebis an adgilmdebareobis Secvla) xdeba erTianad. Tu jgufi mierTebulia sabaziso cxrilis an moTxovnis romelime velTan, maSin jgufSi Semavali elementis SerCeviT mierTebul vels axali mniSvneloba eniWeba.

Toggle Button gamoiyeneba marTvis elementis e.w. “CamrT-velis” Sesaqmnelad, romelic iRebs MmniSvnelobebs: CarTuli / gamorTuli, WeSmariti / mcdari an ki / ara. CarTvis SemTxvevaSi misi mniSvneloba 1-is tolia: CarTuli, WeSmariti an ki. Tu erTxelac davaWerT Rilaks xels, igi miiRebs mniSvnelobas 0: gamorTuli, mcdari an ara. CamrTveli Rilaki mierTebulia sabaziso cxrilis an moTxovnis romelime logikuri tipis velTan.

Option Button gamoiyeneba marTvis elementis “gadamrTvelis” Sesaqmnelad, iRebs iseTive mniSvnelobebs, rogorc “CamrTveli”. gadamrTvelebis gaerTianeba SeiZleba elementTa jgufSi. SesaZlebelia am elementis meSveobiT velisaTvis unikaluri ricxviTi mniSvnelobis miniWeba.

Check Box gamoiyeneba marTvis elementis “almis” Sesaq-mnelad, igi iseTive mniSvnelobebs iRebs, rogorc “CamrTveli”. SesaZlebelia almebis CarTva elementTa jgufSi da velisaTvis unikaluri mniSvnelobis miniWeba.

Combo Box gamoiyeneba marTvis elementis “siis Semcveli velis” Sesaqmnelad, romelic Seicavs sias. siis SigTavsis gansazRvra SeiZleba Row Source striqonze mniSvnelobebis

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SetaniT. SesaZlebelia agreTve cxrilis an moTxovnis velis mierTeba. mniSvneloba, romelsac formaze avarCevT, myisierad dafiqsirdeba sabazo obieqtSi.

List Box – sia. igi analogiuria Combo Box elementis, mxolod sia gamotanili iqneba srulad, velis CamosaSleli Rilakis gareSe. Tu mis zomas (simaRles) SevamcirebT, formis reJimSi gadasvlisas mas avtomaturad daemateba gadafurcvlis zoli (RilakebiT).

Command Button gamoiyeneba rogorc CamrTveli Rilaki, ro-melic Seasrulebs makross an Visual Basic-is proceduras. am procesebs vaxorcielebT ostatebis daxmarebiT.

Image – gamosaxuleba. saSualebas gvaZlevs, formas davurToT statikuri naxati redaqtirebis SesaZleblobis gareSe. naxati formis fonadac SegviZlia gamoviyenoT – jer naxatis, xolo Semdeg velebis gamotaniT.

Unbound Object Frame saSualebas gvaZlevs formas obieqti (naxati, diagrama da a.S.) mivuerToT sxva programuli da-narTidan, romelic axorcielebs ActiveX teqnologias. TviT obieqti formaze ar inaxeba, aq gvaqvs mxolod masze mimarTva.

Bound Object Frame – “obieqtTan mierTebuli CarCo”. gamoi-yeneba ActiveX obieqtis misaerTebad. monacemis es tipi an cxrilSive unda iyos gansazRvruli, rogorc OLE Object, an formis TvisebebSi (Properties). TviT naxati an diagrama formaze aisaxeba Form View reJimSi. am elementis gamoyeneba mosaxerxebelia TiToeuli CanawerisTvis sxvadasxva naxatis gamotanis saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi.

Page Break gamoiyeneba mravalgverdian formaSi. Tab Control gvaZlevs formaze CanarTebis gamoyenebis

saSualebas. Subform/Subreport – “daqvemdebarebuli forma/angariSi”. sa-

Sualebas gvaZlevs formas davurToT sxva forma. magaliTad, daqvemdebarebuli formis danergviT SegviZlia im monacemebis gamotana, romlebic ZiriTad formasTan arian kavSirSi.

Line – xazi. gamoiyeneba formaze swori xazis gasatareblad – TvalsaCinoebis gazrdis mizniT.

Rectangle – marTkuTxedi. aseve aumjobesebs garegnul saxes.

More Controls – marTvis sxva elementebi. am Rilakze daw-kapunebiT gamoCndeba ActiveX sistemaSi CarTuli programebi, SesaZloa zogierTma maTganma Microsoft Access -Si ar imuSaos. magaliTad, programebis sakmaod didi CamonaTvalidan SegviZlia Calendar Control 9.0 gamoviyenoT, romelic formis velSi kompiuteris kalendridan TariRis Setanis saSualebas gvaZlevs.

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formis ganyofilebebis da elementebis Tvisebebi

formis ganyofilebebs (saTauris, monacemebis an SeniSvnebis areebs) da marTvis elementebs (Rilakebs, gadamrTvelebs da sxv.) maTTvis specifikuri Tvisebebi eniWebaT Tvisebebis fanjris (Properties) saSualebiT. Tvisebebis dasaTva-liereblad an axali mniSvnelobis misaniWeblad ganyofileba unda moiniSnos, Semdeg View → Properties. Tvisebebis CamonaTvali TviT elementis tipzea damokidebuli, magaliTad, masala cxrilis (baza samS masalebi) raodenoba velisTvis (moniSnuli unda iyos TviT veli da ara minaweri). Tvisebebis CamonaTvali moyvanilia Tvisebebis Format CanarTze (nax.40). Format da Desimal Places iseTive Tvisebebia, rogorsac viyenebdiT cxrilis konstruqtoris reJimSi muSaobis dros (Field Properties); Visible uzrunvelyofs velis mniSvnelobis Cveneba/ arCvenebas formis reJimSi gadasvlis Semdeg; Display When ganapirobebs mis arsebobas mxolod

ekranze an mxolod qaRaldze (printerze gatanis dros);

nax. 40

Scroll Bars uzrunvel-yofs velSi gadafurcvlis zolebis arsebobas; Can Grow, Can Shrink – ganapirobebs Semci-rebis an gaWimvis sa-Sualebas; Left, Top – miuTiTebs elementis mier dakavebuli aris marcxena zeda kuTxis

koordinatebs; Width, Height – velis CarCos siganes/simaRles; Back Style, Back Color, Special Effect – agvarCevinebs velis gaformebis variantebs; Border Style, Border Color, Border Width- CarCos gaformebis variantebs, Fore Color, Font Name, Font Size, Font Weight, Font Italic, Font Underline – Sriftis maxasiaTeblebs, Text Align da sxv. – teqstis sworebis saSualebebs. Tvisebebis danarCen CanarTebze SevarCevT monacemebis da sxva daniSnulebis elementebis Tvisebebs, gamotanis wesebs (magaliTad, teqs-tisaTvis – anbaniT, ricxvebisaTvis – zrdadobiT an klebadobiT da

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a.S.). Tvisebebi SegviZlia agreTve formis calkeuli ganyofilebisTvisac ganvsazRvroT, Tu movniSnavT Sesabamis zols.

formaSi monacemebis moZieba, daxarisxeba, gafiltvra

formebSi ganvaxorcielebT monacemebis moZiebis, daxa-risxebis da gafiltvris procesebs. amisaTvis iseTive saSualebebs viyenebT, rogorsac cxrilebSi muSaobis dros. magaliTad, ZebnisaTvis movniSnavT vels (davayenebT iq kursors) da CavrTavT menius punqts Edit → Find. gamotanili dialogis velSi SevitanT saZiebel monacems da Find Next. Sedegi miiReba moZiebuli Canawerebis saxiT. analogiurad ganvaxorcielebT Senacvlebis (Replace) process.

swrafi daxarisxeba cxrilSi arsebuli wesis msgavsad xdeba: movniSnavT vels da menius punqtidan Records an instru-mentTa panelis RilakebiT Sort Ascending an Sort Descending ganva-xorcielebT zrdadobiT (Tu teqstia – anbaniT) an klebadobiT dalagebas. daqvemdebarebul formebSi swrafi Zebna da da-xarisxeba ar ganxorcieldeba.

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zogadad, filtris gamoyenebis arsi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom mxolod im monacemebis Semcveli Canaweri unda iyos ga-motanili, romelic dasmul pirobebs akmayofilebs. magaliTad, Tu filtri unda ganxorcieldes gamoyofili velis (romelSic kursoria moTavsebuli) mniSvnelobis mixedviT, gamoviyenebT menius punqts Records an instrumentTa panelis Rilaks Filter By Selection. gamoitanili iqneba forma mxolod gafiltruli (amorCeuli)

CanawerebiT, anu im CanawerebiT, romlebic Seicaven moniSnul velSi miTiTebul mniSvnelobas. qveda zolSi naCvenebi iqneba maTi raodenoba, magaliTad, of 2 (Filtered), anu filtris

Sedegad napovnia 2 Canaweri. filtris gamorTva, anu yvela Canaweris aRdgena xdeba RilakiT Remove Filter. gafiltvra SesaZlebelia ramdenime velis mixedviTac (velebSi mniSvnelobebis miTiTebiT). Access-Si gafiltvra SeiZleba specialuri formiTac ganxorcieldes. amisaTvis CavrToT Rilaki Filter By Form, romliTac gaixsneba amave saxelwodebis fanjara aq movniSnavT vels, romlis mixedviTac CairTveba filtri. velis marjvena mxridan mdebare isriT gamovitanT im monacemebis sias, romlebic erTxel mainc figurireben. velSi Setanil siaSi (nax.41). avarCevT monacems da instrumentTa panelis RilakiT Apply Filter ganvaxor-cielebT gafiltvras. gafiltvris Sedegi gamotanili iqneba formis saxiT, romlSic naCvenebi iqneba mxolod gafiltvris Sedegad arCeuli Canawerebi. filtrs gamovrTavT RilakiT Remove Filter. gafiltvra SegviZlia CavataroT erTdroulad ramdenime lobisaTvis, Tu Filter By Form fanjaraze CavrTavT Or CanarTs.

nax. 41

SesaZlebelia gafiltvris Sedegis daTvaliereba, amisaTvis CavrTavT instrumentTa panelis Records → Filter → Advanced Sort/ Filter Rilaks, romelic gamoitans moTxovnis fanjaras iq dawesebuli daxarisxebis Tu gafiltvris pirobebiT (nax.42).

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nax. 42

martivi formis ageba konstruqtoris reJimSi

konstruqtoris reJimSi formis asagebad bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi CavrTavT Forms da Semdeg New. gamotanil dialogSi avarCevT Design View reJims, Choose the table or query where the object’s data comes from velSi movniSnavT cxrils an moTxovnas, romlis safuZvelzec iqmneba forma. formis struqturis fanjaraSi gamotanili iqneba elementTa paneli da SerCeuli cxrilis an moTxovnis maketi velebis CamonaTvaliT. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi CavrTavT menius punqts View → Toolbox da View → Field List. siaSi velis an maTi erTobliobis moniSvnis Semdeg TagviT gadmovitanT maT Details areSi. amrigad, aq moTavsdeba gadmotanili velebi Tavisi minawerebiT.

velebis redaqtirebisaTvis SegviZlia movniSoT TiToeuli elementi calke an ramdenime erTad (Shift klaviSiT an saxazavze Tagvis maCveneblis gadatarebiT) da erToblivad ganvixiloT maTi Tvisebebi, risTvisac CavrToT menius punqti View → Properties an instrumentTa panelze ganlagebuli Sesabamisi Rilaki. elementis zomebis SecvlisTvis movniSnoT igi da vimuSaoT arsebuli wesiT markerebiT. adgilmdebareobis SecvlisaTvis Tagvis maCvenebeli

davayenoT moniSnuli aris marcxena zeda kuTxeSi: Tu igi saCvenebeli TiTis formas miiRebs, minaweri da veli gadaadgildebian cal-calke, Tu xelis gaSlili mtevnis formas – erTad.

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nax. 43

adgilmdebareobis da zomebis SerCevis garda instrumentTa panelidan an menius Format punqtiT SegviZlia SevcvaloT Srifti, teqstis sworeba (marcxena kideze mibjeniT, centris mimarT sworebiT da a.S.), simboloebis an fonis feri da sxv. formas SevinaxavT miRebuli wesiT da mivaniWebT axal saxels an davtovebT SemoTavazebuls.

arsebuli velebis garda formaze SeiZleba axali velis damateba, magaliTad, gamoTvlebis an sxva funqciebiT miRebuli Sedegebis gamosatanad. magaliTad, konstruqtoris reJimSi avagoT forma samS masalebi bazis masala cxrilis safuZvelze. Text Box RilakiT formis Details areSi SemovxazoT marTkuTxedi. Properties fanjris Data CanarTis (nax.43) Control Source striqonze davaWiroT xeli iq arsebul sam wertils. gamotanili iqneba gamosaxulebis amgebi Expression Builder fanjara. fanjris Sua nawilSi moyvanilia formis velebis da minawerebis saxelebi. orjer davawkapunoT raodenoba saxelze, Semdeg davaWiroT xeli gamravlebis niSans da isev orjer davawkapunoT erTeulis fasi velis saxelze, OK. velis minawerSi SevitanoT sityva “Rirebuleba”. gadavideT formis ganxilvis reJimSi Form View da davaTvalieroT Sedegi. gamosaxulebis Setana SegviZlia Builder programis gareSec, Tu Tvisebebis Data CanarTis Control Source velSi SevitanT gamosaxulebas: =[raodenoba]*[erTeulis fasi].

isev samS masalebi bazaSi gamoviyenoT pirobis Semowme-bis funqcia IIf , amisaTvis Expression Builder fanjris marcxena areSi gavxsnaT Function → Built- In Function saqaRalde. SuaSi gamotanil siaSi movniSnoT Program Flow da marcxena mxares – orjer davawkapunoT IIf funqciis saxelze. fanjris zeda nawilSi gamoCndeba funqciis zogadi saxe IIf(“expr”,”truepart”,”falsepart”). movniSnoT “expr”, Semdeg gavxsnaT amJamad aqtiuri Form5 da Sua aridan avarCioT raodenoba (orjer dawkapunebiT). funqciaSi igi moTavsdeba kvadratul frCxilebSi, davasruloT pirobis Semcveli gamosaxuleba da mivuweroT >100. movniSnoT ”truepart” nawili da SevitanoT is informacia, romelic Seesabameba pirobis Sesrulebas, ”falsepart”-Si SevitanoT informacia, romelic Seesabameba pirobis arSesrulebas (nax.44). amis Semdeg davaTvalieroT sxvadasxva Canaweri formis View → Datasheet View reJimSi: im Canaweris axal velSi, sadac raodenoba aRemateboda 200-s, Caiwereba “SeviZinoT”, sadac naklebia an tolia 200-is – “ar SeviZinoT”.

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nax. 44

cxrilis konstruqtoris reJimSi muSaobisas garkveuli velisTvis viyenebdiT Lookup SesaZleblobas, raTa saSualeba gvqonoda monacemi Segvetana winaswar Seqmnili siidan an sxva cxrilSi arsebuli velidan. monacemis aseTi wesiT Setanis organizebis saSualeba arsebobs formis konstruqtoris reJimSic. magaliTad, Tu formidan sabazo cxrilSi Casaweria sagnis kodi, SegviZlia Setanis procesi ganvaxorcieloT misi saxelis CvenebiT. amisaTvis elementTa panelze CavrToT Combo Box Rilaki (formis am vels cxrilis konstruqtoris reJimSi Lookup CanarTze Text Box Tviseba unda hqondes miniWebuli). amuSavdeba ostati. sabolood, formidan cxrilSi SevitanT kods saxelis mixedviT. es aadvilebs kodebis Setanis process. magaliTad, saswavlo baza samS masalebi cxrilSi gadamkveTi Sesatania masalebis da savaWro warmoebis kodebi. SevqmnaT gadamkveTi cxrilis forma, romelSic ori velia, orive gare gasaRebebis daniSnulebisa. bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi CavrToT Forms, Semdeg New, amosarCevi siidan movniSnoT gadamkveTi, OK. Semdeg:1. elementTa panelze davaWiroT xeli Combo Box Rilaks da

Details areSi SemovxazoT mcire zomis marTkuTxedi.2. ostatis dialogis pirvel fanjaraze CavrToT Rilaki I want the

combo box to look up the values in a table or query, Next.3. ostatis momdevno dialogis View-Si CavrToT Tables da

cxrilebis siidan avarCioT masala, radgan swored am cxrilSia moyvanili sagnis Sesabamisi kodi, Next.

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4. momdevno fanjris marcxena mxares myofi velebis siidan gadavitanoT masala ID da saxeli velebi marjvena mxares, Next.

5. momdevno fanjaraze CavrToT alami Hide key column, raTa formaze Candes mxolod saxeli (kodis gareSe), Next.

6. momdevno fanjaraze CavrToT Rilaki Store that value in this field da SemoTavazebuli siidan avarCioT masala cxrilis masala ID veli, sadac unda moTavsdes formaze arCeuli saxelis Sesabamisi kodi, Next.

7. momdevnoze SeirCeva TviT formis saxeli, Finish.8. monacemebis Setanis Seqmnili wesi SevamowmoT formis

reJimSi. formasTan erTad gavxsnaT gadamkveTi cxrili da davakvirdeT, Tu rogor xdeba formaze ama Tu im saxelis SerCeviT gadamkveTi cxrilSi Sesabamisi kodis Setana. gamoviyenoT TariRis tipis velSi monacemis Setanis saSualeba uSualod kalendridan. formis agebis konstruqtoris reJimSi elementTa penelze davaWiroT xeli More… Rilaks.

nax. 45

gamotanili siidan avarCioT Calendar Control 9.0 programa. formis Details areSi SemovxazoT

marTkuTxedi, romelSic moTavsdeba kalendari. mis TvisebebSi Data CanarTze (nax.45) Control Source striqonze avarCioT TariRi veli, romelSic Sesatani iqneba TariRi kalendridan. formis reJimSi gadasvlisas TariRi-velis gaaqtiurebis Semdeg davawkapunebT kalendris saWiro TariRze, sxva velze gadasvlis Semdeg davinaxavT Setanil TariRs (nax.46).

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nax. 46

martivi forma SeiZleba Seiqmnas agreTve moTxovnis sa-fuZvelze, sadac gamotanili iqneba moTxovnaSi gaerTianebuli cxrilebis velebi.

Tu vels ori gansxvavebuli mniSvneloba unda mieniWos, gamoviyenebT gadamrTvels an alams. cxrilis Sesabamisi veli Tavidanve logikur tipad unda iyos gansazRvruli. orze meti variantidan erTis SerCevis aucileblobis dros aseT elementebs gavaerTianebT jgufSi. jgufSi mxolod erT elements SeiZleba “WeSmariti” mniSvneloba mieniWos. jgufis Sesaqmnelad elementTa panelze xels davaWerT Option Group Rilaks da formis areSi SemovxazavT marTkuTxeds. danarCeni procedura Sesruldeba ostatTan dialogSi.

rTuli formis Seqmna

ganvixiloT ramdenime cxrilis monacemebis erT formaSi gaerTianebis saSualebebi, anu SevqmnaT rTuli forma. magaliTad, ZiriTadi da misi daqvemdebarebuli formebis gaerTianebiT ganvaxorcieloT ori cxrilis an moTxovnebis monacemebTan erTdroulad muSaoba. formebis dakavSireba SeiZleba erT formaze meoris moTavsebiT an specialurad Seqmnili gadamrTveli RilakebiT.

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magaliTad, rTuli formis Sesaqmnelad gamoviyenoT ori cxrili: “erTis” mxareze myofi masala cxrili – bazidan samSmasalebi da “mravalis” mxareze myofi imave bazis cxrili warmoeba. SevqmnaT ori forma masala cxrilis safuZvelze (Form5) da warmoeba cxrilis safuZvelze (Form6). gavxsnaT Form5 konstruqtoris reJimSi, elementTa panelze davaWiroT xeli Subform/Subreport Rilaks. Detail areSi SemovxazoT marTkuTxedi, ris Semdeg amuSavdeba ostati. mis pirvel fanjaraze movniSnavT Form6, Next, bolos Finish. miRebul formaze

nax.47

masalis yoveli dasaxelebis Sesabamisi monacemebi gamotanili iqneba Form6 formaze (nax.47).

qveformis gamosaZaxeblad Rilakis gamoyenebiT agreTve mivmarTavT ostats, romelic CairTveba elementTa panelze mo-Tavsebuli Command Button-is CarTvis Semdeg. MmagaliTi gan-xilulia savarjiSoSi.

angariSebi

monacemTa bazis calkeuli obieqti (cxrili, moTxovna, forma) SegviZlia davbeWdoT Cveulebrivi wesiT File – Print brZanebiT. magram monacemebis ufro TvalsaCino da mimzidveli formiT warmodgenisTvis Access-Si gaTvaliswinebulia specialuri obieqti, saxelwodebiT angariSi (Report). angariSebSi SesaZlebelia didi raodenobis monacemebis dalageba ierarqiulad, dajgufeba raime niSniT, saSualedo da saSedego gamoTvlebis Catareba jgufSi moTavsebul monacemebze da a.S. angariSebiT SesaZlebelia SekveTebis da sxva saprezentacio daniSnulebis masalebis lamazad gaformebac.

bazis sxva obieqtis msgavsad, angariSis Seqmna SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva gziT, magaliTad, e.w. avtoangariSis

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gamoyenebiT. amisaTvis bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi vaWerT xels Reports Rilaks da New. gamotanil dialogSi SevarCevT svetebad (AutoReport: Columnar) an striqonebad gasaformebel avtoangariSs (AutoReport: Tabular). CamosaSlel siaSi SevarCevT cxrils an moTxovnas, romlis safuZvelzec iqmneba angariSi. avtoangariSis Seqmna, avtoformis msgavsad, mxolod erTi cxrilis an moTxovnis safuZvelze SeiZleba. Tu ramdenime cxrilis monacemebis CarTvaa saWiro, jer iqmneba moTxovna ramdenime cxrilis monacemebis gaerTianebiT, Semdeg, am moTxovnis safuZvelze – angariSi.

angariSis Sesaqmnelad SegviZlia gamoviyenoT agreTve an-gariSebis ostati. igi ramdenime cxrilis da moTxovnis gamoyenebis saSualebas mogvcems.

ganvixiloT magaliTi: SevqmnaT angariSi monacemTa baza Rvinis sardafi iseTi moTxovnis safuZvelze, romelSic Rvinis CamonaTvali cxrilidan mxolod ori velia gamotanili dasaxeleba da mosavlis weli. gamoviyenoT Report:Tabular sqema. miRebuli anga-riSis konstruqtoris reJimSi gadasvliT formaSi muSaobis msgavsad SevarCioT qarTuli Srifti da angariSis saTauri.

nax. 48

aqve SevarCioT dalagebis wesi – menius punqtiT View → Sorting and Grouping an imave dasaxelebis RilakiT gamovitanoT Sesabamisi fanjara (nax.48). aq pirvel striqonze isriT CamosaSleli siidan avarCioT dasaxeleba veli da marjvena mxares CavurToT mas zrdadobis Ascending wesi, riTac moxdeba angariSSi moyvanili siis anbaniT mowesrigeba. Tu saxelebis dajgufeba gvinda mosavlis wlebis mixedviT, maSin Sorting and Grouping fanjaraze avirCevT mosavlis weli vels da angariSSi Rvinis saxelebi dajgufebuli iqneba wlebis mixedviT.

Sualeduri an saboloo Sedegebis (jamis, saSualo ariTmetikulis da sxva) gamotanis nimuSis gansaxilvelad SevarCioT isev ganxiluli bazis moTxovna, romelSic Tavmoyrili iqneba dasaxeleba, mosavlis weli, raodenoba da gadaxdili Tanxa. aseTi

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moTxovnis safuZvelze avagoT angariSi isev Tabular sqemiT da davajgufoT mosavlis weli da raodenoba velebiT, amasTan, Group Properties ganyofilebaSi Group Footer striqonze avarCioT Yes. konstruqtoris reJimSi Group Footer areSi Toolbox-dan Text Box RilakiT SemovxazoT are, romelSic CavweroT gamosaxuleba: =Sum([raodenoba]). saboloo Sedegis, anu saerTo jamis gamosatanad igive gamosaxuleba CavweroT Report Footer ganyofilebaSi. garda amisa, dasaxeleba velis (movniSnoT igi) Tvisebebis Properties Hide Duplikates striqonze CavrToT Yes, ris Semdegac aRar iqneba gamotanili gameorebuli saxelebi (nax.49). analogiurad Sesruldeba saSualo ariTmetikulis Avg, maqsimumis Max da sxva funqciebis gamoTvla. formebis msgavsad angariSebSic SesaZlebelia

nax. 49

daqvemdebarebuliangariSebis Seqm-na, naxatebiT da fo-toebiT gawyoba.

monacemTa bazis SekumSva

erTi obieqtis gauqmebis da meores Seqmnis Sedegad monacemTa bazis faili SeiZleba diskze araoptimalurad ganawil-des, anu gaxdes fragmentirebuli. amis Sedegad is mexsierebaSi ufro did adgils daikavebs, vidre esaWiroeba. am gafantuli gamouyenebeli ubnebis gasauqmeblad drodadro saWiroa bazis SekumSva. SekumSvis win yvela baza daxuruli unda iyos. menius punqtiT Tools → Database Utilities → Compact and Repair Database Access gaxsnis fanjaras, romelSic bazebis siaa gamotanili. sistema iTxovs SekumSuli bazis aslis saxels. siidan SesakumSi bazis arCevis da saxelis miniWebis Semdeg davaWerT xels Compact Rilaks. Access SekumSavs moniSnul bazas, moaTavsebs droebiT gamoyofil failSi da Tu SekumSvis procesi warmatebiT dasrulda, gaauqmebs dedans da mianiWebs mas manamde arsebul saxels.

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savarjiSo 12. formis Seqmna ostatis gamoyenebiT

ostatis gamoyenebiT SevqmnaT martivi forma bazis cxrilis safuZvelze: 1. gavxsnaT romelime baza, magaliTad, samS masalebi. mis Zi-

riTad fanjaraSi CavrToT Forms Rilaki da orjer davawkapunoT Create form by using wizard Rilakze.

2. gamotanil dialog-fanjaraze Tables/ Queries velSi avarCioT cxrili an moTxovna, magaliTad, masala, romelic safuZvlad daedeba Sesaqmnel formas. siidan Available Fields movniSnoT formaze gadasatani velebi da isriT ( > ) gadavitanoT isini marjvena mxares. erToblivad velebis gadasatanad gamoviyenoT ormagi isari ( >> ). moqmedebis uarsayofad moniSnuli velisTvis gamoviyenoT marcxniv mimarTuli isari ( < ), yvela velisTvis – ormagi isari ( << ), Next.

3. momdevno 2 fanjaraze ostati gvTavazobs formis saxeobis da stilis arCevas, Next.

4. ukanasknel fanjaraze SemoTavazebulia formis saTauri, SegviZlia SevcvaloT igi. fanjaraze CarTulia Rilaki, romelic formas gamoitans ganxilvis raJimSi, Finish.

5. davaTvalieroT forma ganxilvis Form View reJimSi, Record striqonidan ganvaxorcieloT Canaweridan Canawerze gadasvla. SevitanoT axali Canawerebi, SevinaxoT forma, davxuroT.

6. bazis ZiriTadi fanjridan CavrToT Tables, gavxsnaT da davaTvalieroT is cxrili, romelic safuZvlad daedo formas da romelSic Setanil iqna (formidan) axali Canaweri an gadakeTda arsebuli.

7. gavxsnaT axlad Seqmnili forma, gadavideT konstruqtoris reJimSi, movniSnoT romelime veli da klaviaturis Delete klaviSiT gavauqmoT igi. gadavideT formis reJimSi da davaTvalieroT Sedegi – forma gauqmebuli veliT.

8. gavimeoroT savarjiSos yvela punqti – CavataroT velebis redaqtireba, formis sxvadasxva saxeobis da stilis SerCeva.

savarjiSo 13. martivi formis ageba konstruqtoris reJimSi

SevqmnaT martivi forma cxrilis safuZvelze. formis konstruqtoris reJimSi SeqmnisaTvis SevasruloT Semdegi punqtebi:1. CavtvirToT, magaliTad, monacemTa baza Rvinis sardafi. ba-

zis ZiriTad fanjaraSi CavrToT Forms, New.

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nax. 50

2. gamotanil dialogSi (nax.50) avarCioT Design View reJimi, xolo velSi Coose the table or query … movniSnoT im cxrilis an moTxovnis saxeli, romlis safuZvelze iqmneba forma, magaliTad, Rvinis CamonaTvali, OK.

3. arsebuli wesiT gavzardoT konstruqtoris reJimSi gamotanili fanjris zomebi. cxrilis Rvinis CamonaTvali maketis saTaveze orjer dawkapunebiT movniSnoT yvela veli (an romelime sasurveli) da TagviT gadmovitanoT isini formis dafaze Details areSi ise, rom marcxnidan darCes 3sm-mde manZili (velebis minawerebisaTvis). Tu cxrilis maketi gamotanili ar aris, CavrToT menius punqtebi View → Field List.

4. Details areSi gadmotanili velebi da Sesabamisi minawerebi iqneba moniSnuli. moniSvna SegviZlia gavauqmoT da mi-Rebuli wesiT (velze dawkapunebiT) movniSnoT calkeuli elementi.

5. yvela elementis erToblivad mosaniSnad visargebloT me-nius punqtiT Edit → Select All. imaves mivaRwevT Tagvis maCveneblis saxazavze gadatarebiT (maCvenebeli miiRebs qveviT momarTuli Savi isris formas) an calkeul elementze dawkapunebiT Shift klaviSis daWeril mdgomareobaSi. SevarCioT Srifti arsebuli wesiT (magaliTad, AcadNusx), Sriftis zoma, stili, feri da sxva.

6. gadavideT formis reJimSi, davaTvalieroT igi. formis re-daqtirebis mizniT – elementebis zomebis, adgilmdebare-obis, Sriftis da sxva parametrebis SerCevis an gadakeTebisaTvis davbrundeT konstruqtoris reJimSi.

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7. movniSnoT romelime veli da SevcvaloT misi zoma, adgil-mdebareoba Tagvis an Properties fanjris gamoyenebiT.

8. SevasruloT minawerebis sworeba marjvena kidis mimarT – movniSnoT isini da CavrToT menius Format → Align → Right punqti. analogiurad SevasruloT velebis sworeba marcxena an zeda kidis mimarT.

9. gavaerTianoT ramdenime veli erToblivi redaqtirebis mizniT – movniSnoT velebi erToblivad, menius Format → Group punqtiT davajgufoT isini, ganvaxorcieloT maTi redaqtireba (fonis feris, CarCos stilis da sxva parametrebis SerCeva).

10. garegnuli iersaxis gaumjobesebisaTvis gamoviyenoT xaze-bi, marTkuTxedebi. menius punqtiT Format → Autoformat

avarCioT velebi-saTvis SemoTava-zebuli gansxvave-buli stili.

nax. 51

11. davaTvalieroT forma Form View reJimSi (nax.51). formaze velebis kompaqturad ganTavsebis mizniT davawkapunoT marcxena kideze mdebare moniSvnis zolze (naxatze igi gaSavebulia) da gamoviyenoT menius punqti Window → Size to Fit Form.

12. menius punqtiT View → Properties an Sesabamisi RilakiT gamovitanoT formis Tvisebebis fanjara (nax.52). punqtiT Caption formas mivaniWoT sasurveli saxeli, Views Allowed striqonze CavrToT Both – cxrilis da formis (orive variantis) Cvenebis daSvebisaTvis.

13. gamovrToT (miuwvdomeli gavxadoT None Enabled) fanjris standartuli Min, Max Rilakebi: Min, Max Buttons –None. imave wesiT gavauqmoT Close – daxurvis Rilaki. amis Semdeg davimaxsovroT forma da gadavideT konstruqtoris reJimSi. formis reJimSi dabrunebis Semdeg es sami Rilaki mocilebuli eqneba. am Rilakebis

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nax. 52

aRdgena xdeba ukusvliT. formis daxurva Se-iZleba Alt+F4 kla-viSebiT (kla-viaturidan).

14. Tvisebas Navigation Buttons mivaniWoT No, rasac mohyveba Record striqonze arsebuli Canawerebis gadamrTveli Ri-lakebis gauqmeba. maTi aRdgena SesaZlebelia Undo brZa-nebiT.

savarjiSo 14. martivi formis redaqtireba, monacemebis mowesrigeba, filtris gamoyeneba

SevqmnaT forma bazis cxrilis safuZvelze, magaliTad, CavtvirToT baza Rvinis sardafi. monacemebis redaqtirebis, mowesrigebis da gafiltvris mizniT SevasruloT Semdegi punqtebi:

1. gavimeoroT wina savarjiSos pirveli 3 punqti. 2. redaqtirebis mizniT gamoviyenoT formis Tvisebebi. gamovi-

tanoT wina savarjiSoSi Seqmnili forma Form View reJimSi, davawkapunoT marcxena kideze moniSvnis areze da ga-movitanoT Tvisebebis fanjara Properties. CavrToT CanarTi Data (nax.53). Tu Tviseba Allow Edits (redaqtirebis daSveba), uaryofilia (No), maSin Sesworebis Setana formaSi SeuZlebeli iqneba.

nax. 53

3.analogiurad Se-vamowmoT Tvi-sebebi Allow Dele-tions da Allow

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Additions monacemebis gauqmebis da Canawerebis damatebis daSveba/ ar daSveba.

4. formis reJimSi ganvaxorcieloT Canawerebis daxarisxeba kodebis an saxelebis mixedviT (kursori davayenoT Sesabamis velSi). amisaTvis CavrToT menius Record → Sort Ascending (an Descending) punqti. imaves SevasrulebT meniudan an instrumentTa panelze arsebuli RilakebiT.

5.formis reJimSi ganvaxorcieloT Canawerebis gafiltvris ori varianti: monacemis moniSvniT Filter By Selection da specialuri formis gamoyenebiT Filter By Form. brZanebebi ganvaxorcieloT an menius Records punqtidan an instrumentTa panelze arsebuli RilakebiT.

6. davayenoT kursori, “dasaxeleba” velSi, romelSic weria, magaliTad, “mukuzani”. Rilakze Filter By Selection xelis daWe-riT mTeli cxrilidan amokrebili iqneba mxolod miTiTebuli saxelis Semcveli Canawerebi. gamovrToT filtri Remove Filter RilakiT, raTa forma aRdges yvela arsebuli CanaweriT.

7. davayenoT kursori isev “dasaxeleba” velSi. Filter By Form Rilakze xelis daWeriT gamotanili iqneba specialuri forma (nax.54), romelSic aqtiuri velis marjvena mxares gamotanilia siis CamosaSleli isari. siidan amovarCioT is

nax. 54

saxeli, romliTac gvsurs gafiltvra, magaliTad, “manavi”. Remove Filter RilakiT aRvadginoT arsebuli forma.

8. ganvaxorcieloT orjeradi amorCeva “an” pirobis gamoye-nebiT. gavimeoroT wina punqti, arCevis Semdeg gadavideT meore – Or CanarTze da avarCioT, magaliTad, “mukuzani”. gafiltrul formaSi iqneba mxolod SerCeuli saxelebis Semcveli Canawerebi. aRvadginoT forma Remove Filter RilakiT.

savarjiSo 15. naxatis damateba da kalendris gamoyeneba formaze

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SevqmnaT forma bazis cxrilis safuZvelze, magaliTad, CavtvirToT baza samS masalebi. formaze naxatis da kalendris damatebis mizniT SevasruloT Semdegi punqtebi:

1. bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi CavrToT Forms, New.2. gamotanil dialogSi avarCioT Design View reJimi, velSi Choose

the table or query … im cxrilis an moTxovnis saxeli, romlis safuZvelze iqmneba forma, magaliTad, warmoeba, OK.

3. cxrilis maketidan Details areSi gadmovitanoT velebis sia.4. formas davamatoT statikuri naxati, risTvisac Toolbox-ze

davaWiroT xeli Image Rilaks. CairTveba Insert Picture fanjara, romlidanac avarCevT winaswar Seqmnili naxatis Semcvel fails, OK.

5. davaTvalieroT naxati formis reJimSi sxvadasxva Canawer-ze gadasvliT – igi erTi da igivea yvela CanawerisTvis.

6. gavauqmoT velebi (movniSnoT yvela da davaWiroT xeli Delete klaviSs), gavzardoT naxatis zomebi ise, rom man formis mTeli are daikavos. maketidan gadmovitanoT ve-lebi. Sedegi davaTvalieroT formis reJimSi – formas naxati dadebuli eqneba fonad.

7. konstruqtoris reJimSi gavauqmoT naxati da formas SevuqmnaT sada feradi foni: movniSnoT Details zoli da menius punqtiT Fill → Back Color avarCioT feri. feris SerCeva SeiZleba Properties fanjridanac – Back Color stri-qonze xeli davaWiroT 3 wertils. gamotanil fanjaraSi Basic Colors-Si SemoTavazebuli feris nacvlad SegviZlia Tavad avawyoT feris tonaloba – gamoviyenoT Custom Colors: Define Custom Colors Rilakze xelis daWeriT gavxsnaT ferebis SerCevis fanjara, avawyoT feris axali varianti da Add to Custom Colors RilakiT davafiqsiroT arCeuli feri moniSnul Custom Colors ujredSi, OK. damatebiT davawkapunoT formis areSi.

8. konstruqtoris reJimSi formas davamatoT naxati e.w. Ta-visufali CarCos xerxis gamoyenebiT - Unbound Object Frame. CavrToT Toolbox panelze amave saxelwodebis Rilaki da SemovxazoT marTkuTxedi. gaixsneba Insert Object fanjara. aq CavrToT an Create New Rilaki (Tu naxats vqmniT formaze), an Create from File (Tu gamogvaqvs naxatis Semcveli faili). CavrToT pirveli Rilaki, Object Type siaSi movniSnoT, magaliTad, Bitmape Image – xatvis programa. SevqmnaT naxati – igi moTavsdeba formaze da yvela CanawerisTvis erTi iqneba.

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9. formas davamatoT kalendari, raTa velSi TariRi Sesabamisi TariRis monacemi SevitanoT gamartivebuli wesiT. kon-struqtoris reJimSi Toolbox-ze davaWiroT xeli More Controls Rilaks da gamotanil siaSi movniSnoT Calendar Control 9.0, formis Tavisufal areSi SemovxazoT marTkuTxedi (nax.55).

nax. 5510.movniSnoT kalendari da davaWiroT xeli Properties Rilaks,

Data CanarTis Control Source striqonze avarCioT TariRi veli, romelSic unda iqnas Setanili kalendarze SerCeuli TariRi.

11.formis reJimSi gadasvliT kursori davayenoT TariRi velSi, kalendarze avarCioT da CavrToT Sesatani TariRi. TariRi velSi igi aisaxeba momdevno velze gadasvlis Semdeg.

savarjiSo 16. naxatis dakavSireba CanawerTan, diagramis ageba

avagoT iseTi forma, romlSic TiToeul Canawers Seesa-bameba gansxvavebuli naxati. avagoT agreTve forma, romelzec movaTavsebT cxrilSi arsebuli ricxviTi monacemebis amsaxvel diagramas. pirveli amocanis gadasawyvetad winaswar mo-vamzadoT mcire formatis suraTebi: gavxsnaT Start → Programs → Accessories → Paint, menius Edit → Paste From punqtiT gamovitanoT romelime suraTi, magaliTad, nakrebidan Sample Pictures, movniSnoT nawili (fragmenti) da Edit → Copy To punqtiT SevinaxoT faili My Document saqaRaldeSi saxeliT nax1. imave wesiT SevinaxoT kidev 2-3 fragmenti. SevqmnaT konstruqtoris reJimSi cxrili naxati Semdegi velebiT:

Field Name Data Type Description naxID Autonumber

saxeli Textqula Number

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suraTi OLE Object

1. monacemebis cxrilSi Setanis dros suraTi velSi yovel Canawers CavurToT Seqmnili failis saxeli (menius Insert Object punqtiT). am cxrilis safuZvelze agebul formaSi davaTvalieroT Canawerebi mierTebuli suraTebiT.

2. imave efeqts miviRebT suraTebis uSualod formaSi SetaniT (cxrilSi winaswar suraTebis Semcveli failebis mierTebis gareSe): avagoT forma – cxrili naxati-s safuZvelze. formis reJimSi, velSi saxeli SevitanoT suraTis saxeli, velSi qula – ricxvi, velSi suraTi menius Insert Object punqtiT an konteqsturi meniudan gamoviZaxoT dialog-fanjara, romelSic CavrToT Rilaki Create from File, Semdeg Browse, movniSnoT sasurveli failis saxeli, magaliTad, nax1, OK.

3. imave TanmimdevrobiT SevitanoT axali Canawerebi da mivuerToT naxatebi.

nax. 56

4. davaTvalieroT formis reJimSi Canawerebi Sesabamisi naxatebiT (nax.56).

5. diagramis asagebad gamoviyenoT naxati cxrilSi qula velSi Setanili ricxvebi. avagoT axali forma: Forms, New, Chart Wisard.

gamotanil dialogSi avarCioT velebi saxeli da qula, Next.

nax.57

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6. momdevno dialogebSi avarCioT diagramis tipi, minawerebis stili, CavrToT Rilaki: No, don’t display a legend – diagramis gamotanis reJimi ganmatrebiTi warwerebis gareSe, mivaniWoT diagramas saxeli, Finish.

7. konstruqtoris reJimSi diagramas CavutaroT redaqtireba arsebuli wesebis gamoyenebiT.

savarjiSo 17. rTuli formis ageba ostatis daxmarebiT

rTuli formis Sesaqmnelad gamoviyenoT moTxovna, romelic Seicavs urTierTdakavSirebuli cxrilebis monacemebs. magaliTad, bazaSi “Rvinis sardafi” SevqmnaT moTxovna Query1, romelSic CavrToT velebi cxrilebidan Rvinis CamonaTvali da Rvinis tipi. SevqmnaT forma am moTxovnis safuZvelze. aseT formaSi SegviZlia SevitanoT axali an SevcvaloT arsebuli Canaweri.1. bazis ZiriTad fanjaraSi CavrToT Forms, New. forma avagoT

ostatis gamoyenebiT Form Wizard. Coose the table or query… velSi mivuTiToT Query1, OK.

2. gamotanil dialogSi movniSnoT moTxovnis sasurveli

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nax.58

velebi (magaliTad, dasaxeleba, mosavlis weli, boTlis zoma, Rvinis tipi, weli), an ormagi isriT gadavitanoT yvela veli marjvena mxares, Next.

3. momdevno dialog-fanjaraSi unda mivuTiToT, Tu ra struq-turiT gvsurs am monacemebis urTierTganlageba (nax.58). radgan moTxovnaSi Query1 velebi ori cxrilidanaa CarTuli, romelTaganac Rvinis tipi Relationships kavSirSi “erTi”-s mxarezea, xolo Rvinis CamonaTvali “mravali”-s, amitom pirvel kiTxvaze How do you want to view your data movniSnoT by Rvinis tipi, fanjris qveda nawilSi davtovoT CarTul mdgomareobaSi Rilaki Form with subform(s) (formis ageba qveformiT), Next.

4. momdevno dialogebSi SevarCioT stili, magaliTad, Tabular da Standard, Next.

nax. 59

5. bolo safexurze ostati gvTavazobs formis da qveformis saxelebs, Finish.

6. rTul formaSi muSaobis Tanmimdevroba aseTia: magaliTad, naxatze (nax.59) Rvinis tipisTvis aRebulia me-2 Canaweri (sul am cxrilSi 4 Canaweria). qveforma “Rvinis CamonaTval”-Si am tips (mSrali, Savi) Seesabameba

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3 dasaxelebis Rvino, maTi sia qveformazea moyvanili.

nax. 60

7. isev ostatis gamoye-nebiT avagoT axali forma miTiTebuli moTxovnis Query1 sa-fuZvelze. jer gavi-meoroT savarjiSos pir-veli 2 punqti.

8. me-3 punqtSi miTiTebul dialog-

fanjaraSi movniSnoT Rvinis CamonaTvali cxrili, anu is, romelic “mravali”-s mxarezea. CairTveba Rilaki Single Form da momdevno dialogebis gavlis Semdeg miviRebT martiv formas, romelzec gamotanili iqneba orive cxrilis velebi.

9. gavimeoroT pirveli 2 punqti, me-3 punqtSi miTiTebul dialog-fanjaraSi movniSnoT Rvinis tipi da CavrToT Rilaki Linked Forms. momdevno fanjrebis Cveulebrivi wesiT gavlis Semdeg miviRebT or urTierTdakavSirebul formas. Rvinis tipis fanjaraze ostati ganaTavsebs Rilaks “Rvinis CamonaTvali”, romlis CarTvisas gamovitanT mis Sesabamis formas (nax.60).

savarjiSo 18. rTuli formis ageba konstruqtoris reJimSi

avagoT rTuli forma 2 cxrilis safuZvelze, romelTa Soris@”erTi-mravalTan” kavSiria damyarebuli, magaliTad, cxrilebis masala da firma monacemTa baza samS masalebi -dan. erTis mxarezea masala, mravlis – firma. SevqmnaT jer martivi forma firma cxrilis safuZvelze, Semdeg ki firma cxrilis forma movaTavsoT masala cxrilis formaze. SevasruloT Semdegi punqtebi:1. CavtvirToT monacemTa baza samS masalebi. konstruqtoris re-

JimSi SevqmnaT martivi forma firma cxrilis safuZvelze.

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nax.61

2. SevqmnaT ZiriTadi forma masala cxrilis safuZvelze. formis areSi velebis gadmotanis Semdeg Toolbox-ze CavrToT qve-formis (an daqvemdebarebuli angariSis) dasamatebeli Rilaki - Subforms/ Subreports. formis Tavisufal areSi SemovxazoT marTkuTxedi.

3. CairTveba ostatis programa, romelic pirvel dialog- fanjaraze gvTavazobs im formis arCevas (firma cxrilis Sesabamiss), romelic unda daukavSirdes ZiriTad formas. CavrToT meore Rilaki da movniSnoT firma cxrilis Sesabamisi forma.

4. momdevno dialogSi davtovoT CarTuli Rilaki Choose from a list, Next, bolos Finish.

5. davaTvalieroT Seqmnili rTuli forma (nax.61), romelsac SesabamisobaSi mohyavs urTierTdakavSirebuli Canawerebi.

6. SevqmnaT masala cxrilis safuZvelze axali forma. masTan da-kavSirebuli firma cxrilis formis gaxsna ganvaxorcieloT Cvens mier specialurad damatebuli RilakiT. amisaTvis cxrilis velebis gadmotanis Semdeg Toolbox-ze CavrToT Rilaki Command Button.

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7. CairTveba ostatis programa, dialog-fanjris marcxena mxares SevarCevT Form Operations punqts, marjvena mxares – Open Form (nax.62), Next.

nax. 62

8. momdevno fanjaraze movniSnoT RilakiT gamosatani formis saxeli, Next. davtovoT CarTuli Rilaki Open the form and show all the records, Next.

9. momdevno dialog-fanjaraze CavrToT Rilaki Text, Tu Rilaks unda gaukeTdes warwera, an Picture, Tu Rilakis gaformeba gvsurs naxatiT, Finish.

10.formis reJimSi SevamowmoT ZiriTadi formidan dakavSirebuli formis CarTvis procesi damatebuli Rilakis meSveobiT.

savarjiSo 19. angariSis Seqmna ostatis gamoyenebiT

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ostatis gamoyenebiT monacemTa bazis angariSis SeqmnisaTvis SevasruloT Semdegi:

nax. 63

1. CavtvirToT baza, magaliTad, samkervalo. bazis ZiriTad fanja-raSi CavrToT Reports Rilaki da orjer davawkapunoT Create report by using wizard Rilakze, an Reports New Report Wizard.

2. amuSavdeba ostatis programa, romlis pirvel dialog- fanjaraze velis Tables/ Queries siidan avarCioT im cxrilis saxeli, romlis safuZvelzec iqmneba angariSi, magaliTad, TanamSromlebi. ostatis meore dialog- fanjaraSi cxrilis yvela veli gadavitanoT marcxnidan marjvniv, Next.

3. momdevno dialog-fanjaraze ganvsazRvroT velebis priorituli ganlageba (an dajgufebis wesi) maTi angariSze TvalsaCinod warmoCenis mizniT (nax.63), Next.

4. momdevno dialog-fanjrebze SegviZlia ganvsazRvroT sidideebis zrdadobiT (Tu teqstia – anbaniT) an klebadobiT gamotanis wesi, avarCioT agreTve angariSis furcelze maTi wyoba, stili, Next.

5. SesaZloa, angariSi ar moTavsdes erT gverdze, an velis mi-naweris adgilmdebareoba ar iyos TviT monacemis mimarT Sefardebuli. aseT SemTxvevaSi CavrTavT Design reJims da CvenTvis cnobili wesebis gamoyenebiT CavatarebT mis redaqtirebas.

6. miRebuli angariSi SegviZlia gavitanoT printerze.

savarjiSo 20. angariSis Seqmna konstruqtoris reJimSi

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SevqmnaT angariSi konstruqtoris reJimSi, gamovitanoT ricxviTi mniSvnelobebis jami, saSualo ariTmetikuli da sxva informacia. SevasruloT Semdegi:1. CavtvirToT, magaliTad, monacemTa baza samkervalo, CavrToT

Rilaki Reports, New. avarCioT Design View reJimi, angariSi SevasruloT cxrilis SemoTavazebuli samuSaoebi safuZvelze, OK.

2. formis msgavs angariSis areSi sami ganyofilebaa: Page Header, Details da Page Footer. cxrilis maketidan movniSnoT da gadmovitanoT angariSis Details ganyofilebaSi velebi: dasaxeleba, gadasaxdeli fasi da SesrulebisaTvis saWiro dReebi.

nax. 64

3. velebis minawerebi movaTavsoT angariSis saTaveSi – mov-niSnoT isini, “amovWraT” da gadavitanoT Page Header areSi movniSnoT minawerebi erToblivad (Shift klaviSis gamoyenebiT), SevurCioT maT qarTuli Srifti, sasurveli stili, zoma da sworeba zeda kidis mimarT: Format→Align→Top.

4. mniSvnelobebis gamosatani velebi movaTavsoT saTaveebis qvemoT.

5. angariSis erTiani saTauris an SeniSvnebis moTavsebis mizniT davamatoT Sesabamisi areebi: View→Report Header/ Report Footer. Report Header areSi Toolbox-dan Label Rilakis CarTviT SemovxazoT saTauris are da SevitanoT saTauris teqsti.

6. jamis mniSvneloba movaTavsoT Report Footer areSi, amisaT-vis SevitanoT teqsti “sul:”, xolo ricxvebis jamis gamosaT-vlelad Toolbox-dan Text Box RilakiT SemovxazoT are, igi moiniSneba. CavurToT mas Properties dialog- fanjara: Data CanarTis Control Source striqonze davaWiroT xeli 3 wertils,

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CairTveba Expression Builder fanjara, romelSic CavrTavT Sum funqcias velisTvis gadasaxdeli fasi cxrilidan SemoTavazebuli samuSaoebi. imave wesiT gamoviTvaloT jamuri mniSvneloba velisTvis Sesr saWiro dReebi.

7. davaTvalieroT angariSi View reJimSi, redaqtirebisaTvis davbrundeT konstruqtoris reJimSi.

literatura

1. Джон Вейскас , Эффективная работа с Microsoft Access 2000, Питер, Санкт-Петербург , 2001.2. Информатика для экономистов и юристов , под. ред. К. Симоновича , Питер, Санкт-Петербург , 2002.

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Sinaarsi

Sesavali.............................................................................................3monacemTa bazis daproeqtebis ZiriTadi principebi......................4bazis usafrTxoeba............................................................................6monacemTa bazis marTvis sistema Microsoft Access.......................7Microsoft Access-is arqiteqtura............................................................8kavSirebi cxrilebs Soris..................................................................10monacemTa bazis ageba Microsoft Access -Si.................................13cxrilis Seqmna konstruqtoris reJimSi............................................15monacemTa tipebi.........................................................................15cxrilis velebis Tvisebebi.................................................................16cxrilis Seqmna monacemTa Setanis wesiT...................................19moTxovnebi....................................................................................20moTxovnis Seqmna konstruqtoris reJimSi....................................21gamosaxulebis Sedgena specialuri programis gamoyenebiT.....25monacemTa importi, eqsporti.......................................................27savarjiSo 1. monacemTa bazis Seqmna ostatis gamoyenebiT. .28savarjiSo 2. cxrilis Seqmna konstruqtoris reJimSi.......................31savarjiSo 3. cxrilis velebis Tvisebebis redaqtireba.....................34savarjiSo 4. cxrilebs Soris kavSirebis damyareba.......................37savarjiSo 5. gadamkveTi cxrilis Seqmna “mravali mravalTan” kavSiris gansaxorcieleblad; kavSiri “erTierTTan”...............38savarjiSo 6. monacemTa baza “samisamarTo wigni”. moTxovnis Seqmna monacemebis amorCevaze............................................40savarjiSo 7. monacemTa baza “samisamarTo wigni”. moTxovnidan Canawerebis amokreba garkveuli pirobebiT........43savarjiSo 8. monacemTa baza “Rvinis sardafi”.........................44savarjiSo 9. monacemTa baza “Rvinis sardafi”. moTxovnebis Seqmna...........................................................................................48savarjiSo 10. monacemTa baza “samkervalo”............................50savarjiSo 11. monacemTa baza “samkervalo”. sxvadasxva xasiaTis moTxovnebis Seqmna.....................................................53formebi............................................................................................56avtoformebi....................................................................................57formis struqtura..............................................................................58formis marTvis elementebi............................................................59formis ganyofilebebis da elementebis Tvisebebi.........................62

formaSi monacemebis moZieba, daxarisxeba, gafiltvra.............63martivi formis ageba konstruqtoris reJimSi..................................64rTuli formis Seqmna.......................................................................69angariSebi.......................................................................................70savarjiSo 12. formis Seqmna ostatis gamoyenebiT.....................72savarjiSo 13. martivi formis ageba konstruqtoris reJimSi...........73savarjiSo 14. martivi formis redaqtireba, monacemebis mowesrigeba, filtris gamoyeneba.................................................75savarjiSo 15. naxatis damateba da kalendris gamoyeneba formaze...........................................................................................77savarjiSo 16. naxatis dakavSireba CanawerTan. diagramis ageba.........................................................................................................79savarjiSo 17. rTuli formis ageba ostatis daxmarebiT...................81savarjiSo 18. rTuli formis ageba konstruqtoris reJimSi................83savarjiSo 19. angariSis Seqmna ostatis gamoyenebiT................85savarjiSo 20. angariSis Seqmna konstruqtoris reJimSi................86literatura.........................................................................................88

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