organic molecules carbon is the main ingredient in organic molecules
DESCRIPTION
Organic Compounds Contain carbon Found in living things Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic AcidsTRANSCRIPT
Organic Molecules
Carbon is the Main Ingredient in Organic
Molecules
Organic Compounds• Hydrocarbons are
composed of only carbon and hydrogen
• Functional groups are groups of atoms within a molecule that interact in predictable ways with other molecules
Organic Compounds• Contain carbon• Found in living
things
• Carbohydrates• Lipids• Proteins • Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates provide fuel and building material
• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (1:2:1)
• -ose suffix• Source of energy for
cells• Provides structural
framework for plant cells
Monosaccharides– monomer– Immediate energy– Glucose, Fructose
Carbohydrates provide fuel and building material
Disaccharides– Must be broken
down to utilize energy
– Sucrose (table sugar), maltose
Sucralose
Carbohydrates provide fuel and building material
Polysaccharides– Polymer – Must be broken down
to utilize energy– Starch, Cellulose
(fiber), Glycogen (animals)
Diseases and Disorders Related to Carbohydrates
• Lactose Intolerance
• Gluten Intolerance
• Diabetes
Lipids• Hydrophobic- “water-fearing”• Build cell membranes• Long-term energy storage • Cushion organs• Insulation• Aid in the absorption of
vitamins A, D, E and K• Slows the emptying of
stomach so you feel fuller longer
Fats
• Saturated Fats– Solid at room temperature– All carbons make 4 single bonds– Not easily digested– Butter, marbled meat,
shortening• Unsaturated Fats
– Liquid at room temperature– Some carbons make double
bonds– Digested readily– oils
Steroids• All have 4 fused
rings• Differ in kinds and
locations of functional groups- small changes make for big differences!
• Circulate body as chemical signals
• Responsible for our secondary sex characteristics
Total Cholesterol levels should be <200LDL “bad cholesterol <100HDL “good cholesterol >50
ProteinsMade of amino acids•Build muscle•Responsible for most of our physical and chemical characteristics
– Skin color– Hair color– Eye color– Height– Temperament– Metabolism• Enzymes (proteins) play
a critical role in chemical reactions within living organisms
Nucleic Acids• Well, we will get to these later…….