pfc 2010_08 expanding facilities knowledge session v_ valves

Valve Training Seminara e a g Se a

Speaker: Ed PearsonManager [email protected]

August 2010

Training Agenda

Safety momentBrief Cameron OverviewGeneral Valve TraininggBall Valves:

FloatingTrunnionRising StemRising Stem

Gate Valves:SlabExpanding Gate

Check ValvesSwingPistonNozzleNozzleDual Plate

Plug ValvesSuper GGeneral Twin Seal

C OCameron Overview

Cameron is a leading provider of flow equipment products, systems and g p q p p , yservices to worldwide oil, gas and process industries

Company

OperatingGroups

Drilling & ProductionSystems (DPS)

Valves & Measurement(V&M)

CompressionSystems (CS)

OperatingDivisions

ProductBrands

DistributedValves(DSV)

DEMCONAVCO

EngineeredValves(EGV)

CAMERONENTECH

ProcessValves(PRV)

GENERALVALVE

MeasurementSystems

(FLO)

BARTONCALDON

ReciprocatingCompression

(RC)

AJAXCOOPER-

CentrifugalCompression

(CC)

MSGTURBO-AIR

ProcessSystems

(PRS)

CAMERONCONSEPT

FlowControl(FLC)

CAMERONDYNATORQUE

SubseaSystems

(SUB)

CAMERONMARS

SurfaceSystems(SUR)

CAMERONCAMROD

DrillingSystems

(DRL)

CAMERONGUIBERSONBrands NAVCO

NUTRONTECHNOTEXSTEAMTHORNHILLCRAVER

WHEATLEYWKM

ENTECHGROVERING-OTKTOM

WHEATLEY

VALVEORBITTBVWKM

CALDONCLIF MOCKJISKOOTLINCONUFLOPAAI

COOPERBESSEMER

CSIENTERPRISESUPERIORTEXCENTRICTSI

TURBO AIRJOY

CONSEPTCYNARAHYDROMATIONKCCKREBSMETROLMOZLEYNATCOPETRECOPORTA-TEST

DYNATORQUELEDEENMAXTORQUETESTWILLIS

MARSMcEVOYWILLIS

CAMRODICMcEVOYPRECISIONSBSTUNDRAWILLISWKM

GUIBERSONH & HMELCOTOWNSEND

AfterMarket

Services

UNICELVORTOILWEMCO

Cam eron Afte rm arketServices

Parts Service

Repair Remanufacturing

AssetManagement

V&MCorporate Master Brand

V&M

Group

Valves &Measurement

(V&M)

DistributedValves(DSV)

MeasurementSystems

(FLO)

DEMCO BARTON

Divisions

CAMERON

Engineered & ProcessValves(EPV)

Flow ManagementSolutions

(FMS)

DEMCONAVCONEWMANSNUTRONTECHNOTXT

BARTONCALDONCLIF MOCKJISKOOTLINCONUFLO

ProductBrands

CAMERONENTECHGROVERINGOTKTOM

GENERALVALVE

ORBITTBV TRIAX WKM

PVMALLIANCE MGMT.IND. SOLUTIONSBRIC SALES & OPsAFM SERVICES

TXTT.CRAVER WHEATLEYWKM

NUFLOPAAI

Aftermarket

TOMWHEATLEY

TEXSTEAM

WKM

Services

Cameron Geographic Regionsg p g

Worldwide 16,000 Employees275 Manufacturing, Sales & Service Locations

Global Manufacturing & SupportGlobal Manufacturing & Support

Voghera, ItalyColico, Italy

Little Rock, ArkansasHouston,TexasEdmonton, Canada

Ville Platte, ,Louisiana Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Cameron Products that can be Supplied in the Construction & M i t f Pi li A i t d F ilit

GROVE

Maintenance of a Pipeline or Associated Facility:

GROVETK, TEXSTEAM

TOM WHEATLEY

CAMERONGROVE

ORBITTK

CAMERONGROVEORBIT

TK

DEMCOWKM

GROVETK

TOM WHEATLEY

GROVETK

TOM WHEATLEY

ORBITGENERAL

WKMGROVERING-O

TOM WHEATLEY

ORBITTK, TBVWKM

GENERALWKM

DEMCOWKM

VALVE BRANDS & GENERAL APPLICATIONSCam eron Afte rm arketServices

The Cameron Advantage A Wide Range of Upstream Products

Ring-O, WKM & Foster Expanding & Slab Gate

Valves

Tom Wheatley Swing & Nozzle Check Valves WKM Butterfly Valves

Texsteam Manifold Plug Valve

TBV Cryogenic Ball Valve

Grove API 6D Pipeline Gate Valves

The Cameron Advantage A Wide Range of Upstream Products

Grove and Ringo Trunnion and Specialty Ball Valves

WKM & Nutron Trunnion & Floating Ball Valves

Cameron Trunnion Ball Valves

Ledeen Pneumatic & Hydraulic Ringo, Cameron and Grove Subsea Ball, Gate and yActuators, HPUs & Controls Check Valves Orbit Valve

P d t T i iProduct Training

Training Purpose

There are many different types of valves and the correct

Training Purpose

There are many different types of valves and the correctselection is imperative. Selection of the incorrect valve orsealing concepts may have an impact on safety, reliability,cost, and schedule.cost, and schedule.

Valves used in todays projects are increasingly complex. Theprocess conditions material limitations and specificationprocess conditions, material limitations, and specificationregulations play into the difficulty of valve selection.Understanding the basic drivers behind valve design andmaterial selections will offer competitive advantages for allate a se ect o s o e co pet t e ad a tages o aparties of the supply chain.

History

Evidence of valves can be traced back to the times of the ancient Egyptians and Greeks. It is the Romans, however, who are generally

i d th d l f ti l hi ti t d t

History

recognized as the developers of comparatively sophisticated water systems. Their plumbing was advanced enough to deliver water into individual buildings, for which they developed the plug valve, or stopcock, and there is also evidence that the Romans used check valves to prevent back flowto prevent back flow.

History (cont )The basic philosophy remains the same today. Along with advances in technology, the design of the valve has become increasingly sophisticated. The dawn of the oil boom saw a large usage of simple

History (cont.)

p g g pgate and plug valves. These type of valves are still in use in many applications. Many of the large gate valves have given way to ball valves. Ball valves have a lower profile (more compact) and have overall greater cost advantages.

What valves look like

In a P&ID:

What valves look like...

In engineering: In a submitted drawing:

In manufacturing: In the field:

Types of Valves (covered in this training)

Ball Spherical obturator used in


Ball Spherical obturator used in combination with a seat (or seats) to stop/allow flow. The ball is supported by trunnion using floating seats in a Trunnionball al e Floating ball al es se a floatingball valve. Floating ball valves use a floating ball that seats on a stationary sealing surface.

Plug Similar to a ball valve, a plug valve has cylindrical or conically-tapered "plugs" which can be rotated inside the valve body tocan be rotated inside the valve body to control flow through the valve. With the absence of soft seals in the flow path, these valves are ideal for abrasive service.


Gate - Opens by lifting a round or


p y grectangular gate/wedge out of the path of the fluid.

Check Used to prevent backflow. A clapper is used to shut with opposing pressure (or assisted by gravity).

Types of Valves (outside this training)

Butterfly - A flat circular plate is positioned in the center of the pipe The plate has a rod through it


center of the pipe. The plate has a rod through it connected to a handle on the outside of the valve. Rotating the handle turns the plate either parallel or perpendicular to the flow. Unlike a ball valve, the plate is always present within the flowthe plate is always present within the flow

Globe - Consists of a movable disk-type element and a stationary ring seat in a generally spherical body. It has an opening in the body that forms a y p g yseat onto which a movable plug can be screwed in to close (or shut) the valve.


Double Ball Double Block and Bleed Consisting of


gtwo balls within the valve, this instrumentation valve is typically used on small instrumentation double block and bleed applications.

Needle This valve has a small orifice and a threaded, needle-like plunger. It allows precise regulation of flow, although it is generally used for, and is capable of, only relatively small flow rates.and is capable of, only relatively small flow rates.

**Relief Valves and Control Valves are not covered in**Relief Valves and Control Valves are not covered in this training session.

B ll V lBall Valves

Floating BallValves

Floating Ball Valves

T i ll tili d f ll i


Typically utilized for smaller size and lower pressure applications

Flanged: to 12, ANSI 150 3002 to 6 ANSI 6002 to 6 ANSI 6002 ANSI 900

Threaded / Socket Weld: 4 285# - 6000#

Pressure moves ball into the downstream seat

Trims available for multipleTrims available for multiple services

Economically Priced


Body and trim materials include carbon steel stainless steel


carbon steel, stainless steel, duplex, super duplex, Inconel

Seat materials include Teflon, Nylon PEEK metal/metalNylon, PEEK, metal/metal

Seals are normally Teflon, Buna, Viton or HNBR

Stem packing can be o ring type Stem packing can be o-ring type or adjustable graphoil/teflon type

Operators can be lever, worm gear or actuationgear or actuation

Typically firesafe to API 607 Testing typically to API 598

Floating Ball Valve AnimationFloating Ball Valve Animation

Trunnion Ball ValvesTrunnion Ball Valves

Trunnion Ball Valves

Trunnions are designed for larger sizes and higher pressureshigher pressures

Sizes from 1-1/2 to 60 Pressures from ANSI 150 to API 10,000

Lower torque design allows ease of Lower torque design allows ease of operation Lower actuation costs

Pressure drives the upstream seat into the ball. The ball remains stationary.

Double block and bleed design (API 6D)g ( ) Upstream and downstream seats isolate the cavity.

The pressure in the cavity can then be relieved to prove the integrity of the seats.


Body and trim materials include carbon steel stainless steel


carbon steel, stainless steel, duplex, super duplex, Inconel

Seat materials include Teflon, Nylon PEEK metal/metalNylon, PEEK, metal/metal

Seals are normally Teflon, Buna, Viton, HNBR or lipseals

Stem packing can be o ring type Stem packing can be o-ring type or lipseal type

Firesafe to API 607 or API 6FAT ti t i ll t API 598 API Testing typically to API 598 or API 6D

Body Types

Sid E tSide Entry

Top EntryTop Entry

Fully Welded

Specialty ValvesSpecialty Valves

TK Twin Valve

Two individual but self contained ball valves in one compact design. Double Block/Double Isolation Barrier Total Isolation. Simplify critical isolation requirements for facility isolation, emergency shutdown and abrasive environments which often require two valves. Eliminates potential leak paths by removing two flanges and two body seals. Provides weight and space reductions Provides weight and space reductions.

48 900 Bolted Body Valve48 900 Bolted Body Valve

Side Entry Trunnion Design

Adapter Plate Stem Outer Seat Ring

Inner Seat Ring

Gland Plate

ClosureUpper Bearing RetainerRetainer

BodyBody

Ball

Side Entry Valve DisassemblySide Entry Valve Disassembly

All Welded Trunnion Design

Adapter Plate Stem

Ball

DogEnd

Connection Dog (Seat)

Connection

Rotating Seat

Lower TrunnionLower Trunnion

Fully Welded Valve DisassemblyFully Welded Valve Disassembly

Seat Configurations:

Self-Relieving Seats (SR)

Seat Configurations:Double Piston Effect SeatSelf Relieving Seat

Double Piston Effect (DPE) Dual Seat Design (DS) Hydraulic Seats (HS)y ( )

Dual Seat

higher risk direction

platform sidehydraulic pressure

Dual SeatHydraulic Seat

firstbarrier

secondbarrier hydraulic thrust

Self Relieving Seat DesignSelf Relieving Seat Design

Spring

Seat Ring

S I

Seat Gasket O-Ring

Seat Insert

Self Relieving Seat DesignSelf Relieving Seat Design

b dpressure

resultant thrust

body pressure

(downstream seat)

Self Relieving is a design whereby the excessive internal body pressure is automatically relieved either into the upstream or

downstream line by forcing the seats away from the closure element.

Double Piston Effect Seat DesignDouble Piston Effect Seat Design

Spring Washer

Seat RingWasher

plastic insertSeat InsertSeat Gasket O-Ring

Double Piston Effect Seat DesignDouble Piston Effect Seat Design

body pressure

pressure

resultant thrust

y p

Double Piston Effect is a design whereby pressure in the cavity energizes the downstream seat and effects a downstream seal. DPE seats result in athe downstream seat and effects a downstream seal. DPE seats result in a

double barrier within a single valve. Valves in liquid service with DPE seats must pipe-away the cavity pressure

to the upstream side of the valve to prevent damage from thermal expansionexpansion.

DPE Seat Test After Maintenance

pressure

Inside out test checks the integrity of the seats and seals with g yvalve inline

Dual Seat Designhigher risk direction

platform side

Dual Seat Design

firstbarrier

secondbarrier

Self Relieving Seat Double Piston Effect Seat

lower risk direction

body pressure platform side

singlebarrier

Self Relieving Seat Double Piston Effect Seat

Hydraulic Seat Design

h d li

Hydraulic Seat Design

hydraulic pressure

hydraulic pressure

hydraulic thrust hydraulic thrust

Seat - Withdrawn Condition Seat - Engaged Condition

Double Block and Bleed

The body cavity can be vented y yor drained in the open or closed position

BenefitsBenefits Test valve integrity Replace stem seal

Note that API 6D DBB varies in definition from Pipeline (OSHA) Isolation

Valve Open(In certain arrangements)

Valve Closed(API 6D)

Seat Sealing OptionsSeat Sealing Options

Primary Metal Seat with Secondary Soft SeatSecondary Soft Seat

Soft Sealing

F ll M t l t M t l S li Full Metal-to-Metal Sealing

Seat Face Sealing Designg g

Outer Seat Ring

O ring

SecondaryO-Ring Seal

Inner Seat Ring

O-ring

Primary Metal to Metal Seat

Primary Metal to Metal with Elastomer Back Upy p


plastic insert

Seat with Plastic Insert Seal

The plastic seal is inserted by means of a press with the interference determined according to the material. The interference prevents the extrusion of the insert during the maneuver of the ball.g


Metal to Metal Seat

The metal to metal seal is obtained by means of a flexible seat with the ball and seat sealing surfaces coated with Tungsten Carbide . Metal seats are typically used in potentially erosive or abrasiveMetal seats are typically used in potentially erosive or abrasive service caused by the presence of solids.

Typical Stem Sealing Arrangement

Internal Stop

Upper Stem O-Ring

Lower StemO-RingGland PlateO-Ring

Options: Emergency Seat SealantOptions: Emergency Seat Sealant

Injection Fitting with CheckNote: Sealant is

for emergency usefor emergency use only and is not

required for normal

Buried Check Valve

maintenance.

Options: Emergency Stem SealantOptions: Emergency Stem Sealant

Injection FittingInjection Fitting

Options: Body Vent & Drain Feature

Seat Sealant InjectionInjection

Relief ValveValve

Drain Valve

Body Drain used to drain, flush & clean

Body relief fitting used to vent body pressure

OrbitOrbitRising StemBall Valves

Orbit Design Features

Single seat no trapped pressure in body

g

body.

Rising stem - easily converted from handwheel operation to rotary electric actuator or linear pneumatic & hydraulicactuator, or linear pneumatic & hydraulic actuators.

Quarter turn no contact between seat and ball during rotationand ball during rotation.

Trunnion mounted trunnion supports ball to provide alignment with seat and allows mechanical closureallows mechanical closure.


Mechanical closure, will stay in closed position under line

g

closed position under line pressure fluctuations

Bolted bonnet in-line repairableBolted bonnet, in-line repairable

Ease of operation, hands only and short stroke compared toand short stroke compared to gate valves

No o-rings to limit service temperature or fail due to explosive decompression


Body and trim available in carbon

g

Body and trim available in carbon steel, low alloy, stainless steel, duplex, monel, hastelloy and inconelinconel

For liquid & gaseous services

Temperature: -150F to + 800F

Pressure: vacuum to 2500 Class

Sizes: 1 to 24

#3. THE GUIDE PINS The Key The Rocking ENGAGE THE

HELICAL GROOVE & TURN THE BALL NO

FRICTION

e ey e oc gof the Ball

#1. THE CAM TILTS THE

#2. THE BALL ROLLS BACK ON

BALL

ITS TRUNNION

Typical Parts Breakdownyp

Orbit Seating Principle

Load applied

Orbit Seating Principle

Load applied

Initial Contact Full Compression

Li t tPrimary seal

Line contactSecondary metal seal

The Orbit in Mol Sie e Dr erApplications

The Orbit in Mol Sieve Dryer

Orbit Valve AnimationOrbit Valve Animation

Gate Valves

API 6A / 6DAPI 6A / 6DSlab & Expanding

Gate Valves

API 6D Slab Gate Valves

Sizes 6 to 48

ANSI Class 150 to 1500

Fabricated or Cast Designs

Self Relieving Seat Self Relieving Seat Design (upstream sealing)

Bl k d Bl d Block and Bleed Capability

Typical Fabricated Slab Gate Valve Parts ListTypical Fabricated Slab Gate Valve Parts List

Typical Cast Slab Gate Valve Parts ListTypical Cast Slab Gate Valve Parts List

Features-What you need to know

API 6D Slab Gate Valve Applications

Mainline valves in liquids pipelines

API 6D Slab Gate Valve Applications

Mainline valves in liquids pipelines Geothermal Storage wells (salt domes, etc.)

Water flood Water flood Pipelines, wellheads, and storage domes.

Slab Gate Valve AnimationSlab Gate Valve Animation

API 6A / 6D Double Expanding Gate Valve

Features:

Full bore or reduced bore

True double block and bleed valve with positive sealing

Suitable for double isolation - no need to fit blind flanges or two valves

API 6A / 6D Double Expanding Gate Valve

Features:Features:

Metal to metal bonnet seal

True metal to metal seat sealing True metal to metal seat sealing -no soft seals between seats and body

No risk of damage from foreign particles

St d d fi ti it bl Standard configuration suitable for 300 C

Double Expanding Gate Valve Design

The gate assembly consists of four main parts two gate segments and two centralizing levers.

The main gate segment connects the gate assembly to the stem.

The gate segments are connected together with two centralizing levers.

Two gate guides are fitted inside the valve body and react with the centralizing levers.centralizing levers.

Double Expanding Gate Valve OperationWorking principle - valve closed

The gate assembly is expanded g y pas result of the gate contacting on the bottom of valve body at the end of the closing stroke.

There are two sealing barriers -the upstream and the downstream seatsseats

There is no penetration of solid particles into the valve body cavity

The valve cavity can be depressurized for valve diagnostic testingtesting.

Double Expanding Gate Valve Common Applications

Gathering systemsGathering systems Mainline and manifold valves in liquids pipelines Pump/compressor isolation valves

S l h / i l Scraper launcher/receiver valves Hot taps Dirty service Steam Industrial, geothermal, steam injection Master valves on storage wells De-cokersDe cokers Critical pressure barriers

Expanding Gate Valve AnimationExpanding Gate Valve Animation

Check Valves

Check Valves

Check valve are used to: Prevent backflow in pipelines

P t l k t th i t Prevent leakage to the environment Protect the integrity of upstream equipment Provide additional safety to personnel

Swing check valves are used for: Above ground applications Below ground applications (buried or in a vault) Offshore applications (topside and splash zone) Subsea applications

Nozzle check valves are used for: Gas compressor stations

Piston check valves are used for: Pulsating serviceg Gas compressor stations

Dual plate swing checks are used for: Applications where weight and size are important

Swing Check Valves

Sizes : 1/2 to 48

Swing Check Valves

End connections: Threaded, socket weld, weld end, hub end and flanged

Pressure Classes: Class 150 2500#Class 150 2500# API 2000 - 10,000

Operating Temperatures -29C to +120C standard range

46C t 190 C t d d -46C to 190+C extended range Other temperatures ranges to suit

applications Full open piggable design

Tom Wheatley Subsea Swing Check Valvep p gg g

Swing Check Valve Options

Manual lock open lever

Swing Check Valve Options

Manual lock open lever Gearbox lock open Counterweight to aid fast clapper opening Dead-weight to assist clapper closing Dead-weight to assist clapper closing Spring return clapper to ensure positive

shut off Mini slam damper for pulsating flowMini slam damper for pulsating flow

applications All valves are suitable for vertical flow up

Swing Check Valves Seat Designs

Integral SeatIntegral Seat O-Ring in clapper Good for clean service

Removable Seat O-Ring in seat Good for dirty/abrasive service Allows the use of more corrosion

resistant materials

Tom Wheatley Swing Check Valve Major Components

Top CoverTop Cover

Seal

Clapper

Clapper ArmBody Unit

SeatClapper Seat

Swing Check Valve AnimationSwing Check Valve Animation

Piston Check Valves

2- 12 Size2 12 Size 150 - 2500# Class API 6D Design and Test

NACE MR 01 75 2003 NACE MR-01-75 2003 Top Entry / Field Repairable Inconel Spring Integral or Removable Seat Adjustable Closing Speed Ideal for Pulsationdea o u sa o Compressor station service

Nozzle Check Valves

Sizes : 2 - 56 Pressure Classes :

Class 150 2500# API 2000 - 10,000

Operating Temperatures : -29C to +120C standard29C to +120C standard

Standards : API 6A/6D NACE MR 01-75-2003

Main Characteristics: Main Characteristics: Short closing time Low pressure loss Zero leakage at any back pressure Maintenance free Must be tuned for the service

conditions

Nozzle Check Valves

Non-Slam Design / Anti Slam

Nozzle Check Valves

Low Pressure Loss (Energy Savings on Compressor & Pumps

Maintenance Free

Non Return Emergency Shut

Down

Fast Acting

API 6D & 6D4

Weld End & Flanged

Nozzle Check Valves Parts List

Dual Plate Wafer Checks

Lightweight Design Lightweight Design Compact End to End Dimensions

Dual Plate Wafer Checks - Operation

Pl V lPlug Valves

Specialty Plug Valves

Metal-to-Metal SealingMetal-to-Metal Sealing

Z Li id L k Zero Liquid Leakage Hard Coated Plug (70 Rc+) and

Seats Resist Damage to Solids Maximum Service Life

Top Entry Inline Repairable

Fast and Easy

p y p

Fast and Easy Repair Does Not Require Removal

from the Line Internals Can be Removed withoutInternals Can be Removed without

Special Tools Teflon Encapsulated Cover for Easy

RemovalRemoval Plug and Seats Fully Interchangeable

without Lapping

Emergency Sealant Injection

Internal Sealant Path to Provide an Emergency Seal

Sealant is Injected into a Groove in the jCenter of the Seats Resulting in an O-Ring Type Seal

Extended Service Life Consistent Torques

Anti-Taper Lock Plug

The Stem Area is Unpressurized

Anti Taper Lock Plug

The Stem Area is Unpressurized, Resulting in the Plug Being Pushed Out of the Taper

Avoids Taper Lock Avoids Taper Lock Large Bearing Absorbs Upward

Forces, Lower Torques

Plug Valve AnimationPlug Valve Animation

GeneralSegmented Plug

ValvesValves

General Twinseal & Truseal Operationp

ROTATING POSITION Plug at the top

Slips withdrawn

R i i h b i Rotation without abrasion

General Twinseal & Truseal Operationp

CLOSED POSITION Plug to the bottomPlug to the bottom

Slips laterally displaced

Seals compressed

Mechanical Double Sealing

General Manual Bleed Systemy

Relieves cavity pressure

V ifi t lVerifies upstream seal

Valve bi-directional

General Thermal Relief

Cavity pressure relieved upstream

Valve unidirectionalM l l f t Manual valve for seat verification

General Valve Animation

General Seals

Over 18 seal materials available

Most frequently used:VitonNitrilePTFE

Temperature range.- 55C 315C

Typical fluid mediums encountered:Hydrocarbons (crude to jet fuel)OxygenatesOxygenatesAmmoniaEthylene

In-house bonding expertise

Actuation

ELECTRIC ACTUATORS All models can be adapted to accept

electric actuatorselectric actuators Actuator can be set to operate valves

at various speeds. Set limit for both OPEN & CLOSED, with torque sufficient for valve operation.

Low torque requirements

Pneumatic ActuationPneumatic Actuation Only up thru 6 on Truseal

Hydraulic ActuationHi h S d High Speed

ESD Capabilities NEMA 7 explosion proof

ApplicationsApplications

Fiscal Metering

Product Segregation

Fuel Hydrant leakage detection

Verifiable Isolation

Applications Product Segregation

Applications Bi-Directional Meter Schematic

P roduct F low M eter

D iagran B

P ig D e tecto r

K ey

C a lib ra torM eter

K ey

C 1 & C 2 :

A & B :

D & E : P ig Launchers

V a lves

V a lves

P rover Iso la tion

M ete r Iso la tion

F :

D & E : P ig Launchers

V a lve4 W ay D iverte r

Applications Metering Skids

Applications Verifiable Isolation

QQuestions?