presentation on dss system

8/9/2019 Presentation on DSS System

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University of Wollongong

Faculty of Engineering

INNOVATION and DESIGN

Subject Code: ENGG950BY

LIST OF GROUP MEMBERS

1. AVINASH H V ()

2. GAUTHAM SUKUMARAN (3314388)

3. JOGI RAJU MANDAPAKA (3579505)

4. PRASAD KORARTAGERE SIDDAGANGAIAH (3581676)

5. SANTOSH H M ()

6. SATISH D V S ()

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. TITLE PAGE............................................................................. 01

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY....................................................... 02

III. TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................................... 03

IV. INTRODUCTION..................................................................... 04

V. DESIGN PRODUCT SELECTION........................................ 0

1. Problem Definition Statements ....................................

2. Weighted Constraint matrix & Selection of Product..

3. Design Product Embodiment Sketches .......................

4. Detail Explanation of Selected SBU.............................

I. DESIGN PRODUCT MARKET ANALYSIS.........................

II. DESIGN PRODUCT COST ANALYSIS................................

III. DESIGN PRODUCT RISK ANALYSIS.................................

IV.DESIGN TEAM MOTIVATION & STRUCTURE...............

V. DESIGN FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN....................

VI.CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMMENDATION..................

VII.REFRENCES..............................................................................

VIII.APPENDICES.............................................................................

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INTRODUCTIONDesign product selection

Three problem definition statements

1. Automatic Change Dispenser

In the fast moving world time has become priceless, cash transaction has

become a daily part of life, achieving it would be top priority and our design

helps in achieving it. This product finds its application in retail & wherever

cash transaction process is carried out, it also reduces human errors and

provides security.

Problem definition & description:

Our product main objective is to automatically segregate and dispense money

according to the transaction made. It can also detect counterfeit notes , savetime and prevent human error because it can accurately calculate the

transaction made.

Money segregation

Coin segregation

Note segregation

COIN SEGREGATION

Coin counter & sorter. Coin counting machine is designed to help quickly &

precisely count and sort the coins.

There is different denomination of coins ranging from 5 cents to 2 Dollars, each

of these coins have different dimensions, weight, materials which forms the

principle of segregation.

NOTE SEGREGATION

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The machine counts, authenticates and sorts mixed note bundles of banknotes.

The number of pieces per denomination, the value of each denomination and

the total value of all notes counted can be determined.

The unit is equipped with a standard Magnetism, Ultraviolet and Infrared

counterfeit detection that enables to detect all denominations of AustralianDollar banknotes counterfeits.

CHANGE DISPENSING

In a retail shop more than hundred transactions take place and most of it

involves the employee tendering change manually, there is a high percentage of

human error involved, the employee end up giving more or less money to the

customer due to wrong calculations,, this error can be negated by giving

automatic change dispensing. There are both coin dispensers and notedispensers we have to give an input as to how many coins/notes are to be

dispensed and it will give out exact change.

Teller Machine(cash register)

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This machine has all the data regarding different product costs, software which

calculates the change to be given to the customer after the employee enters the

amount received. It also gives the total sales on that particular day. It comes

with a barcode scanner which scans the product & the cost is obtained, shortcut

keys for fast moving products etc. Teller machines now come with a touch

screen which makes transaction very easy. This machine reduces human error

and increases flexibility.

Our product is an innovation that combines all the above design and technology.

We have used the existing products in the market, combined them and come

out with an extremely useful, time saving, safe design.

The principle of working is as follows:

When customer has to pay he/she just have to dump the money in the provided

slot, the coin sorter sorts the coins into different denominations and the note

sorter sorts the notes. Here the coin and note sorter also counts the money

inputted it acts as both sorter and counter. This data goes to the teller machine

and it calculates the change to be dispensed, the sorted money goes to the coin

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and note dispenser, the signal from the teller forms the input to the dispenser

and it dispenses the exact amount. The full process is automatic, the employee

work is to scan the products, put it in a bag and ensure smooth flow of traffic. In

our design money is safe as none of the products used is exposed, everything is

concealed inside the table or enclosing.

The flow diagram is as given below:

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2- PO KI cycle ( Potential energy to kinetic energy cycle )

Fossil fuels are not a renewable resource, its bound to get depleted some day. People

should change to other forms of energy. Energy is very essential, it may be in the form of

Electricity, in the form of fossil fuels, solar energy, wind energy, thermal energy, nuclear

energy, some are renewable & some are non renewable. We should all make a very valiant

effort to shift over to renewable resources. Fossil fuels which is extensively used in

automobiles, generators etc is a good energy source but it also causes pollution, nowadays

with the word global warming ringing around everywhere & burning of fossil fuelscontributing a lot to this effort should be made to switch over to alternate forms of energy.

Our Design is one such initiative. With more & more people relying on automobiles for

transportation, if half of these people shift over to our product we can see a considerable

decrease in green house emissions & less dependence on fossil fuels.

Problem definition & Description:

Bicycles are a great form of transportation but have many constraints. Speed, number

of people, Load etc is limited. Bicycles are manually powered ie human has to input energy

& its easier to cycle on flat roads and declines but its tough on steep inclines. Even on flatroads a average person can cycle for 10 15 kms then he gets exhausted. All these

constraints have made bicycle not the preferred mode of transportation. Our product is an

innovation of existing cycle combined with spring wound mechanism which is used in clocks

& watches.

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Spring wound mechanism

A mainspring is a spiral spring of metal ribbon that is the power source in mechanical

watches and some clocks. Winding the timepiece, by turning a knob or key, stores energy in

the mainspring by twisting the spiral tighter. The force of the mainspring then turns the

clock's wheels as it unwinds, until the next winding is needed. The adjectives wind-up and

spring-wound refer to mechanisms powered by mainsprings, which also include kitchen

timers, music boxes, wind-up toys and clockwork radios.

The mainspring is coiled around an axle called the arbor, with the inner end hooked to it. Inmany clocks, the outer end is attached to a stationary post. The spring is wound up by turning

the arbor, and after winding its force turns the arbor the other way to run the clock. The

disadvantage of this arrangement is that while the mainspring is being wound, its drive force

is removed from the clock movement, so the clock may stop. The winding mechanism must

always have a ratchet attached, with a pawl (called by clockmakers the click) to prevent the

spring from unwinding.

Bicycle

Its a human powered machine which is used for transportation.

Working principle

Using the wound coil/spring mechanism which powers clocks & watches to bicycle we can

get stored energy. The shaft of the cycle which connects the pedals, one end of the coil is

welded & this coil is enclosed in a casing with tight clearance, when we pedal the cycle the

shaft rotates & the coil gets tightened ie its in high tension & its storing energy in it, after

pedalling for fixed duration of time & when we stop the tightened coil starts loosening hence

releasing energy, the shaft which is connected to the coil starts rotating 7 the chain sprocket

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which is mounted on this shaft transmits power to the cycle. Here the kinetic energy

(pedalling) is converted to Potential energy (Coil) & this energy is again converted to kinetic

energy which powers the cycle. The amount of energy stored in dependent on the type of

material used in coil spring and its elasticity, it also depends on the length of the coil that is

wound. This process is as shown below.

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The above casing is fixed to the cycle where the shaft runs through the pedals, coil and

sprocket.

3. Piezoelectric Energy Harvester (DSS)

Introduction

Electricity has become an essential commodity in todays life. In developing countries like

India, there is frequent power shortage due to insufficient generation of electricity. So it is

necessary to find alternate source of energy at least for few cases so that we can conserve at

least for a few percentage of regular source of energy.

While finding an alternative source, the first thing comes to our mind is the use of solar

energy. The traffic signals, heaters and cookers have been utilising this energy thus reducing

their dependency on regular source of energy. However this energy is seasonal and cannot be

used all the time.

Similarly in finding alternative source, our group have come up with an idea of finding

alternative source of energy in lighting up the traffic signals and street lights, board signs

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near school zones and hospital zones which will reduce their dependency on major source of

electricity.

Product Concept

We have heard about the use piezoelectric transducer which converts mechanical energy toelectric energy. By using this transducer, we can generate electricity for smaller equipments

like traffic signals, lights and boards.

Product Concept

Introduction to Transducer

The transducer is a very important part of the ultrasonic instrumentation system. Thetransducer incorporates a piezoelectric element, which converts electrical signals intomechanical vibrations (transmit mode) and mechanical vibrations into electrical signals

(receive mode).Working Piezoelectric

Transducers

The conversion of electrical pulses tomechanical vibrations and the conversionof returned mechanical vibrations back intoelectrical energy is the basis for ultrasonictesting. The active element is the heart ofthe transducer as it converts the mechanical

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energy to electric energy and vice versa. The active element is basically a piece of polarizedmaterial (i.e. some parts of the molecule are positively charged, while other parts of themolecule are negatively charged) with electrodes attached to two of its opposite faces. Whenan electric field is applied across the material, the polarized molecules will align themselveswith the electric field, resulting in induced dipoles within the molecular or crystal structure

of the material. This alignment of molecules will cause the material to change dimensions.This phenomenon is known as electrostriction. In addition, a permanently-polarized materialsuch as quartz (SiO2) or barium titanate (BaTiO3) will produce an electric field when thematerial changes dimensions as a result of an imposed mechanical force. This phenomenonis known as the piezoelectric effect.

Weighted Constraint Matrix of the Selected SBUs:-

Product selectionconstraints Importance rating(1-10 scale) Constraint weight%Affordability 9 12

Aesthetic 6 8User Friendly 10 13

Reliability 9 12Energy Efficiency 9 12

Product Life Expectancy 8 10Usefulness 8 10

Market Demography 6 8Low Risk Potential 7 9

Readily Upgradeable 5 6TOTAL 77 100

ProductSelection

Constrain andweight in (%)

Group Design Product

ACD PoKi Cycle Piezo Current

1-2-3, Concept Rating and Weighted Constraint Score.

1-2-3-

4-5

Score 1-2-3-4-

5

Score 1-2-3-4-

5

Score

Affordability (12) 3 36 5 60 4 48Aesthetic (8) 2 16 3 24 2 16

User Friendly (13) 4 52 3 39 3 39Reliability (12) 3 36 4 48 4 48

Energy Efficiency(12)

3 36 3 36 5 60

Product LifeExpectancy (10)

4 40 3 30 3 30

Usefulness (10) 5 50 4 40 5 50

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MarketDemography (8)

3 24 2 16 4 32

Low Risk (9) 1 9 3 27 4 36Readily

Upgradeable (6)3 18 1 6 3 18

TOTAL 317 326 377

1 Poor

2 Fairly Better

3 Satisfactory

4 Good

5 Very Good

ProductSelection

Constrain andweight in (%)

Group Design Product

GPS Navigator Parking SlotAllocator

1-2-3-4-5, Concept Rating and Weighted ConstraintScore.

1-2-3-4-5

Score 1-2-3-4-5

Score 1-2-3-4-5

Score

Affordability (12) 4 48 3 36Aesthetic (8) 3 24 3 24

User Friendly (13) 4 52 4 52

Reliability (12) 4 48 2 24Energy Efficiency(12)

3 36 2 24

Product LifeExpectancy (10)

3 30 4 40

Usefulness (10) 3 30 4 40Market

Demography (8)3 24 1 8

Low Risk (9) 2 18 4 36Readily

Upgradeable (6)5 30 3 18

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TOTAL 340 302

The Weighted Constraint Score for all the SBUs is as follows:

1. Si = SijWj = (12x3) + (8x3) + (13 x 4) + (12x3) + (12x 3) + (10x4) +

(10x5) + (8x3) + (9x1) + (6x3)

= 317.

2. Si = SijWj = (12x5) + (8x3) + (13x3) + (12x4) + (12x3) + (10x3) +

(10x4) + (8x2) + (9x3) + (6x1)

= 326.

3. Si = SijWj = (12x4) + (8x2) + (13x3) + (12x4) + (12x5) + (10x3) +(10x5) + (8x4) + (9x4) + (6x3)

= 377

4. Si = SijWj = (12x4) + (8x3) + (13x4) + (12x4) + (12x3) + (10x3) +

(10x3) + (8x3) + (9x2) + (6x5)

= 340

5. Si = SijWj = (12x3) + (8x3) + (13x4) + (12x2) + (12x2) + (10X4) +

(10x4) + (8x1) + (9x4) + (6x3)

= 302.

Electricity has become an essential commodity in day todays life. In developing countries

like India, there is frequent power shortage due to insufficient generation of electricity. So it

is necessary to find alternate source of energy atleast for few cases so that we can conserve at

least for a few percentile of regular source of energy.

While finding an alternative source, the first thing comes to our mind is the use of solar

energy. The traffic signals, heaters and cookers are been utilising this energy thus reducing

their dependency on regular source of energy. However this energy is seasonal and cannot beused all the time.

Similarly in finding alternative source, we our group have come up with an idea of finding

alternative source of energy in lighting up the traffic signals, board signs near school zones

and hospital zones which will reduce their dependency on major source of electricity.

Product Concept

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We have heard about the use of piezoelectric transducer which converts mechanical energy

to electric energy and vice versa. By using this transducer, we can generate electricity for

smaller equipments like

as we said like board

signs near school zones

and hospital zones.

Power generated is then used toilluminate boards of the school

zones etc

Introduction to Transducer

The transducer is a very important part of the ultrasonic instrumentation system. Thetransducer incorporates a piezoelectric element, which converts electrical signals into

mechanical vibrations (transmit mode) and mechanical vibrations into electrical signals(receive mode).

Working Piezoelectric

Transducers

The conversion of electrical pulses tomechanical vibrations and the conversionof returned mechanical vibrations back intoelectrical energy is the basis for ultrasonictesting. The active element is the heart of

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Weight of the vehicle is transferred to

Transducers placed below the speedbreakers and slow moving traffic

zones

Mechanical Energy converted to

Mechanical strain in the piezo

electric element

Mechanical Strain creates Electricfield in the piezo electric element

Electric field is than transferredto Power Generator


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the transducer as it converts the mechanical energy to electric energy and vice versa. Theactive element is basically a piece of polarized material (i.e. some parts of the molecule are

positively charged, while other parts of the molecule are negatively charged) with electrodesattached to two of its opposite faces. When an electric field is applied across the material, the

polarized molecules will align themselves with the electric field, resulting in induced dipoles

within the molecular or crystal structure of the material. This alignment of molecules willcause the material to change dimensions. This phenomenon is known as electrostriction. Inaddition, a permanently-polarized material such as quartz (SiO2) or barium titanate(BaTiO3) will produce an electric field when the material changes dimensions as a result ofan imposed mechanical force. This phenomenon is known as the piezoelectric effect.

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SWOT Analysis

Generation of power from peizo electric transducers.

Strengths

1. Alternate Source of PowerGeneration

2. New Technology-No Competitor3. Large market area4. Higher Productivity5. Easily Producible6. Simple Design Concept7. Cheap Raw Material8. Low Risk9. Reliable than Solar Energy

Weaknesses

1. Less amount of power output

2. Not suitable for IndustrialApplications(Constrained applicability).

3. High Maintenance4. Occupies More space during

Installation


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CHAPTER :- 3

DESIGN PRODUCT MARKET RESEARCH:

The process of manufacturing the product as per customer needs. The

main purpose of marketing is to develop products that meets clients needs in

both a competitive and profitable manner. To communicate awareness among

clients of the relative benefits of the products offered.

Marketing is much more than selling. Marketing involves the market research to

develop product to attain this we need to carry out SWOT Analysis, formulatemarketing strategies, price, advertise and promote product.

The SIX MARKET RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. Market Size

2. Market Competition

3. Market Price

4. Market Share Goal?

5. Relative Benefits of Product

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Opportunities

1. Non Pollutant source of Energy2. Efficiency of the Product will

Increase in future which increasesthe application of the product infuture.

Threats

1. Damage due to NaturalCalamities

2. If the System fails the equipmentrelying on this power source stopsfunctioning.


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6. Market Trends

1. Market Size:

The total dollar amount of potential sales to all customers within a given

market.

There are totally 234 traffic signals in Australian Capital Territory alone. Our

innovation will be installed in these Traffic signals, so we are effectively looking

at installing 234 devices initially, then we are aiming for major cities like Sydney,

Melbourne, Perth, Adelaide. Our aim is to reach whole of Australia. The Market

size is huge , There are totally 15,296,542 number of vehicles in use as a result

we expect atleast 5-10 vehicles per minute which cross the area where the

transducers are installed

According to the study, the transducers are capable of producing 200-300 MW of

power once it is strained continuously for a period of 20 minutes, so we expect

continuous generation of power during day time. So we can store energy

generated and can be distributed at least for 10 20 traffic signals and street

lamps. Since it is entirely a new concept and this energy produced can also be

distributed for domestic purpose, we can expect 100% market share once it

comes to existence.

4. Market Share Goal.

In this era of intense competition both worldwide and domestic, business

firms of all sizes and varieties have become more concerned with the marketshare figures they achieve in the market place. Some managers appear

interested as much, if not more in market shares as profits or returns on

investment. For product brand managers in particular the sense of urgency

associated with the gains and losses of market shares for the product in their

charge may be linked to what winning or losing of a war front means to

generals.

Our Market share goal is to achieve 100% market share in the future.

Relative Benefits of Product

1. Design of the transducer product design is of simple design.

2. It does not require any complex equipment.

3. The raw material for the construction of this process is very low when

compared with other power generation system.

4. It is independent of environmental conditions.

5. It also does not require any supplementary source of energy for its

function as it is a It is a source of energy by itself.

Market competitors

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Since we are the first entrants to this concept of generating power we expect no

competitors in the initial stage until and unless if there is any alternative and

cheap and efficient source of energy comes into existence.

Market trends

Power generation from transducers is a cheap and efficient source of energy we

expect there will enormous growth in the market in the coming years. Industries

which usually depends upon crude oil as an alternative source of energy during

power crisis they may indulge this form of energy especially in industrial sectors

where there is continuous movement of heavy vehicles like trucks, cranes. Here

the growth will be exponential.

In developing countries like India where there is enormous demand for energy

and insufficient supply of energy this concept can be extensively used.

Market price

Cost-Plus Pricing:

Cost includes PRIME COST +

OVERHEAD COST

Direct Labour

Manufacturing Expenses

Direct Material

Marketing Expenses

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General Expenses

Direct Labour

We have divided Direct Labour into 2 groups.

1. Worksmen

2. Technicians

1. Workmen

Wages = 52 weeks x $600 per week =

$31200.0

Leave Loading (4 weeks @ 17.5%) = 17.5% x $31200 x 4/52 =$420.00

Workers Compensation & Payroll Tax = 1 2.6 % x $31620 =

$3984.12

Superannuation = 7 % x $31200 =

$2184

Total amount = $

36024.00

Now calculating total number of hours annually

Total Annual Hours = 52 weeks x 40 hours per week = 2080.0

hours

Annual Leave = 4 weeks x 40 hours per week = 160.0

hours

Sick Leave = 2 weeks per year = 76.0

hours

Public Holidays = 9 days per year = 9 x 40/5 = 68.4

hours

Long Service Leave = 6 days leave per year = 48.0

hours

Actual Annual Hours = 1727.6 hours

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True Cost per Hour = $36024/1727.6hours =

$20.85 per hour.

2. Technician

Wages = 52 weeks x $1250 per week

= $65,000

Leave Loading (4 weeks @ 17.5%) = 17.5% x $31200 x 4/52 =

$420.00

Workers Compensation & Payroll Tax = 1 2.6 % x $31620 =

$3984.12

Superannuation = 7 % x $31200 =

$2184

Total amount = $

71588

Now calculating total number of hours annually

Total Annual Hours = 52 weeks x 40 hours per week = 2080.0

hours

Annual Leave = 4 weeks x 40 hours per week = 160.0hours

Sick Leave = 2 weeks per year = 76.0

hours

Public Holidays = 9 days per year = 9 x 40/5 = 68.4

hours

Long Service Leave = 6 days leave per year = 48.0

hours

Actual Annual Hours = 1727.6 hours

True Cost per Hour = $71588/1727.6hours =

$41.43 per hour.

So direct labour cost for a technician and workmen = 41.43+20.85

= $62.28/hour

Placing a transducer device for 20mx20m segment takes approximately

100hours of work.

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So, to install our device for each segment of 20mx20m comes to =

62.28x100

= $6228/segment

Direct Material

Direct Material includes stationary and office supplies = $

100/segment

One Piezo electric transducer (2.00 x 1.50 x 0.03 (in inches))

= 0.0508mx0.0381mx7.62e-4 (in meters) =$79

So for one segment of 20mx20m, we need 400 pieces of transducer, so

=$30x400

=$12000

So, Direct material costs equals =12100

(For example pads, papers, disks, reports, files)

Prime Cost = Direct labour + Direct Material =$6228+

$12100

=$17228/segment

OVERHEADS

Expenses includes

Manufacturing expenses

Marketing expenses

General expenses.

Manufacturing Expenses

Manufacturing expenses includes indirect labour, indirect material,

utilities and insurances.

Indirect Labour

Indirect labour includes labour cost of supervisors and secretary.

For Supervisor, three hours of supervision is required for each segment

installed. For administrating the project, we approximately assumed about

6hours of job required for each segment.

Supervisor = $40/hour

= 40x3

=

120/segment.

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Administrator = $15/hour

= 15x6

= $90/segment.

Indirect labour = $120+$90

=$210/segment.

Indirect Material

Indirect material expenses include softwares, printers, scanners and type

writing.

We used AutoCAD and catia v5 softwares in order to design and model

the transducer In order to design a segment of transducer device installed

under the zebra crossing; it nearly took about 30hours of work. The CAD

designers who uses required softwares and other essential devices may

charge about comes nearly to $250/segment.

So indirect material cost can be approximated to =

$250/segment.

Utilities

Utilities include basic requirements like water, telephone, internet,

electricity, cranes and other equipments which may be approximated to

$150/segment.

So, cost for utilities can be assumed about =

$150/segment.

Insurances

Professional indemnity, theft, public risk, property damage comes nearly

to $2000 per year as per our research work. So, for one segment it comes

nearly to =1727.6/100

=

$17.276sgmnts/yr

For one segment it comes nearly to =

2000/yr

=$115.76/segment

Total Manufacturing expenses =$210+$250+$150+$115.76

=$725.76/segment.

Marketing expenses

Marketing expenses includes business advertising, promotion and training

for the usage of the installed devices.

Training for the operators =$650/year.

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=$650/17.276

=$37.624/segment.

Business advertising and promotion

=$300/year.

=$300/17.276

=$17.365/segment.

Total Marketing expenses =$37.624++$17.365

=$55/segment.

General expenses

General expenses include lease and publication fees.

Lease may be approximated as 200/week, say about 10,400/year. So for

one segment it may cost about:=$10400/17.276 =$602/segment.

Total cost for each segment: Prime cost + overheads

$17228+$725.76+$55+$602

= $18610.76/segment

Engineering Smart Technologies, who are manufacturers of the piezoelectrictransducers.

Piezo electric transducers = 2.00 x 1.50 x 0.03= 0.0508mx0.0381mx7.62e-4m

As per the Engineering smart technologies, who manufacture piezo electric

transducers, the transducers is capable of producing 15 to 20watt of power. For

example, we consider one segment is divided into 10 rows. In each we are

placing 70 to 80 piezo electric transducers at a distance of 1m.

Consider 20x20m segment placed just before and after the speed breakers

One Piezo electric transducer is of = 2.00 x 1.50 x 0.03 (in inches)

= 0.0508mx0.0381mx7.62e-4 (in meters)

One segment consists of 6 rows, Each row consists of 70pieces of transducers,

As per the Engineering smart technologies, who manufacture piezo electric

transducers, the transducers are capable of producing 15 to 20watt of power.

So we consider about 300vehicles passing over this segment per hour which

can produce 15watt of power from each piece of transducer.

So each piece of transducer produces (consider the least power that can be

generated) = 15watt

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So each row can produce (one row=20pieces)

=15x20 = 300watt

So each segment has 20 rows, so it can produce

=300x20=6000watts.

Considering energy loses of 10 %( worst case scenario)=6000-(6000x10/100)

So in the worst case scenario, each segment can produce of about

=5400watts/hour

So with this power we can illuminate 22 to 24 Traffic lights if it is used for 24

complete hours.

From the information that we got from the web source, an LED street lamp

consumes 7 to 13watts of energy for one hour which is about 240watt for

24hours approximately (considering 10watts of power for every LED).

So we are spending about $43.2 each LED for illuminating it for 24hours.

Our prediction of cost of installation is about $18610.

So it takes approximately 430 days to neutralise our expenditure.

Cost of installation =$18610

For 24hours, LED costs =$43.2

If we want to neutralise our cost it takes about = 18610/43.2= 430.78days

Total revenue = (output volume)x(Unit selling price)

= 430.78 x43.78

= $18610

So we can gain profit just after 431 days from the date of installation.

Break-Even and Target Profit Pricing

Breakeven point is achieved when the total costs equals total revenue.

Total Costs = Total Revenue.

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According to Australian Bureau of Statistics, on an average one unit of power is

about 15cents, for illuminating one LED display which consumes 10 to 13watt of

power for one hour costs about $1.8. So, for 24LED display it costs

approximately about $43.2. For 24hours, it costs about

Total Cost = Total cost + Total Variable costTC = TFC+TVC

Total Revenue = (Output Volume).(Unit selling price)

Active Fiber CompositesMSI has licensed patented* Active Fiber Composite (AFC) patch actuator technology and ismaking these devices available for volume production applications such as energy harvestingand vibration control.

AFCs are thin, flexible, piezoelectric devices that can provide cost-effective actuation andsensing over large areas. They offer many advantages over monolithic piezoceramic,including higher actuation strain, unidirectional actuation, damage tolerance, andconformability to curved surfaces. AFCs are ideal for smart structures, sound and vibrationcontrol, acoustic transducers, and energy harvesting for powering wireless sensors andhandheld devices. Exceptionally high actuation strains of 1800 ppm and blocked forces of110 pounds are possible for large 50 x 125mm (2"x 5") AFCs.

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MSI's AFC design consists of aligned piezoceramic ribbon fibers in a tough, flexible,polymer matrix. MSI is unique in its use of proprietary injection molding techniques tomanufacture piezoceramic "combs" that are pre-assembled and pre-aligned to reduce AFCfabrication cost. The molding process also facilitates rectangular fibers, which perform betterthan round fibers in AFC devices.

MSI's vertical integration, from piezoceramic development and manufacture to AFC designand assembly, provides exceptional flexibility to meet unique customer applicationrequirements. The composition, design and size of MSI injection molded AFCs can beselected to provide the best combination of performance and cost for most high volumeapplications. Click here for further reading.

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http://www.matsysinc.com/products/transducers/docs/Enhanced_Performance_AFCs.pdfhttp://www.matsysinc.com/products/transducers/docs/Enhanced_Performance_AFCs.pdf


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presentation on dss system

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