Principles of Immunology

Overview of Innate Immunity1/19/06

“Education is not preparation for life. Education is life itself.”

John Dewey

Review(T/F)

Jenner was the first to introduce variolation

Innate immune responses are specific T cells are either T-helper or T-

cytotoxic cells Immunological memory results in an

amanestic response All antigens are immunogens

Innate Immunity

Nonspecific host defenses that exist prior to exposure to an antigen. Involves the following components:

Anatomic Physiologic Phagocytic Inflammatory

Word List Antibody Antigen Complement Endocytosis Humoral Macrophage Monocyte Neutrophil

Barriers to Antigenic Insult

Anatomic Skin Mucous membranes

Physiologic Temperature pH Chemical mediators

Cellular and Inflammatory Components of Innate Immunity

Cellular Phagocytic cells

Inflammatory Vasodilation Capillary permeability

Anatomic Barriers

Skin Epidermis Dermal layer Sebaceous glands Normal flora

Anatomic Barriers

Mucous membranes Physical barrier Secretions Cilia Normal flora

Physiologic Barriers

Temperature Varies by species Febrile response

Endogenous pyrogens

pH Skin GI tract

Physiologic Mediators of Innate Immunity

Chemical mediators Enzymes Interferon Complement

Three pathways Classical MB Lectin Alternative

Physiologic Mediators of Innate Immunity(cont’d)

Chemical mediators Collectins Toll-like receptors Acute phase proteins

Cellular Component of Innate Immunity

Phagocytic cells Monocytes Neutrophils Macrophages

Non-Phagocytic cells Natural killer cells

Inflammatory Response

Hallmarks of inflammation Rubor Tumor Calor Dolor

Primary cell Activated macrophage

Inflammatory Response(cont’d)

Biological effects Vasodilation Capillary permeability Phagocyte migration

Inflammatory Response(cont’d)

Chemical mediators of inflammation Histamine Kinin system Fibrin system