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Quality control & Total Quality

Managment

By

Yashika Vaishnav

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Quality

Quality is a distinguishing feature or

grade of the product in appearance,

performance, life, reliability, taste, odor,

maintainability etc.

A product can be said to possess good

quality if it has suitability, reliability,

durability, safety, economical etc

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Quality control

Quality control can be defined as the

entire collection of activities which

ensures that the operation will produce

the optimum quality products at minimum

cost.

It can also be defined as the tools,

devices or skills through which qualityactivities are carried out.

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Objactives of QC

Establishment of quality standard : The mainobjective of quality control is the economical

production of a high quality product at the quality.

Locating quality deviations : It is necessary toanalyze the trend and extent of quality deviations in a

manufacturing process.

Evaluating methods and processes of production

Quick sale of quality goods

Improvement in quality

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Steps In Quality Control

Process

Devising control over raw materials

a resident inspector may be deputed by

the Quality Control Department in the

vendor's place to see that only goods in

accordance with specifications are

supplied

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Fixing standards and specifications

it is essential to predetermine standards

and specifications. The practice should

be to provide quality instructions in the

form of drawings, showing shapes,

dimensions and specifications describing

color, strength, thickness, chemicalcomposition, etc.

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Exercising control over production

operations The technical expert of theQuality Control Department must

investigate, from time to time, theoperating methods.

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Locating inspection points : When the points atwhich defects occur are wrongly located or located

with delay, it hinders quality control. Therefore there

should first inspection of the raw materials at the

vendor's places, then at the company's plant, then atthe various points during the process of production

and finally at the time of packing. The defects are

likely to occur at these points. The finished goods can

be cleared after obtaining 'O.K.' or 'All Correct' fromthe Quality Control Department.

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Maintaining quality of equipments

The Quality Control Department is

responsible for testing the equipment

used in inspection such as gauges,

which measure dimensions, electronic

devices, magnetic devices etc.

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Maintaining records

The Quality Control Department is

responsible for maintaining all records

relating to quality inspection and control

and the number rejected

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Advantage of QC

Advantage of QC to the company

stability to sale,goodwill in the market,

ability to face market competition

effectively, reduction in production costs,

and elimination of wastage due to

rejections and uniformity in production.

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Advantage of QC to the consumer

Advantage of QC to the consumer

Availability of standard quality and reliable

goods, proper reward for the price paid,

safety to life and health, better standard

of living and protection against

substitution or adulteration.

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Total Quality Management

John Gilbert,

Total Quality Management is "A process

designed to focus on customerexpectations, preventing problems,building commitment to quality in the

workforce and promoting open decision-making."

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TQM

TQM is a gradual process :. It is selfimprovement and group improvement

programme through team building for raising

quality and productivity. TQM is about thegradual change of people's behavior towards

the tasks they perform and their attitude

towards other people. A mental revolution

among the employees is required for theexecution of TQM.. This suggests that TQM is

a gradual process.

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Phases of TQM

There are, in fact, four broad phases in

the introduction of TQM.

Awareness Phase,

Planning Phase,

Implementation Phase, and Institutional Phase.

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focus areas of TQM

Main focus areas of TQM

Focus on customers : The focus of TQM ison customer satisfaction on quality, cost and

delivery through improved orgarnisationalquality of processes. According to British

Quality Association (BQA), TQM is a corporate

business management philosophy which

recognised that customers' needs andbusiness goals are inseparable.

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Employee involvement : Employeesinvolvement is the most important recognised

feature of TQM. Their participation and co-

operation are required to be taken at all levels.Under TQM, employees will be motivated to

participate actively in the process of quality

improvement through incentives and

recognition of contribution for achieving qualitystandards

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Management's involvement : Top levelmanagement has to take number of

initiatives in order to start the process of

TQM. In fact, TQM cannot have a goodtake off without total commitment of CEO

and other senior executives.

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Advantage of TQM

Customer satisfaction

Quality improvement

Raises competitiveness

Facilitates expansion and diversification

Provides trained and motivated employees

Long-term consumer support

Prestigious position in internationalmarketing

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Thank You