GLASS IONOMER CEMENT

Dr.Shahbaz Ahmed

BDS, MSc (UK), FCPS (Pak)

Assistant Professor

Department of Operative Dentistry

DIKIOHS

Historical Evolution

UniversalCEMENTS

GI

COMPOSITE

HYDROGEL

Hydrophobic POLYMER

RM-GI

GI and VLC Hydrophilic

monomer and polymer

CEMENTS

MM-GI

GI andMetallic fillers Cermet fillers

CORES

COMPOMER

VLC Composite and F source

FILLING MATERIALS

RR-GI

GI and Resin-Fillers

A.R.T. and

TEMPORARIES

GIOMER

VLC Composite and Pre-reacted GIC powder

FILLING MATERIALS

CEMENTS

FILLING MATERIALS

Classification on the Basis of Applications

Type I - For luting cements

Type II - For Restorations

Type III - Liners and bases

Type IV - Fissure sealants

Type V - Orthodontic Cements

Type VI - Core build up

Type IX – For A.R.T

Composition

SETTING REACTION

FLUORO-ALUMINO-SILICATEPARTICLE

CEMENTMATRIX

F-1, Ca+2, Al+3, Si+4

Initialdissolution

for startingreaction

rapid earlyF release

from matrixSlow long term

F releaseby diffusionfrom particle

FLUORIDE RELEASEFluoride comes from matrix and particles at different rates.

EFFECTIVE LEVELS

20

10

15

5

14 21 2870

TIME (Days)

FLU

OR

IDE

RE

LE

AS

E (

ppm

)

Fluoride Toothpaste,Topical Fluoride,Fluoride Mouthrinse

PARTICLES

MA

TR

IX

MANIPULATION OF GLASS IONOMER CEMENT

Properties

Setting Time

Mixing Time: 30 seconds

Working Time: 2 minutes

Setting Time: 5 minutes

Total Time: 5-6 minutes at 23 C

Esthetics

Water Sensitivity, Solubility and Disintegration

Margin Adaptation andLeakage

Physical Strengths

Biocompatibility

Anticariogenic Affect by way of Fluoride Release

Finishing

Advantages

Inherent adhesion to tooth structure

High retention rate

Little shrinkage and good marginal seal

Fluoride release and hence caries inhibition

Biocompatible

Minimal cavity preparation required hence easy to use on children in and suitable for use even in absence of skilled dental manpower and facilities (such as in ART)

Disadvantages Brittle

Soluble

Abrasive

Water sensitive

Some products release less fluoride then conventional GIC

Not Radiopaque (only true for conventional GIC lacking Lanthanum, Strontium, Barium or Zinc Oxide additives)

Slow setting and hence harder to use

Less aesthetic then composite

Applications / Uses

As Luting Agents

As Orthodontic Brackets Adhesives

As Pit and Fissure Sealants

As Liners and Bases

For Core Build Up

For Intermediate / Temporary Restoration

Restorations

Tunnel Restoration

Root caries

Cervical / Class V restorations *

Single-surface fillings in areas not involved in occlusion/ Non-stress bearing areas

Sandwich technique

‘Closed Sandwich’

‘Open Sandwich’

Co-cured Technique

Co-cured Technique - G. Knight

Resin-modified GIC placed first as a thin liner beneath composite resin, then cured together.

Reduces polymerization stress from composite, reduced micro leakage

Adhesion is provided by micromechanical (resin) and by chemical (GIC ion-exchange) methods

Retrograde / Apical Filling(Geristore)

Fuji IX

Developed as temporary restorations for 3rd world countries.First tested in African countries.Now used widely in Asian countries.

Current technique = P/L or precapsulated mixture.Original technique = scoop, finger mix, finger insertion.

A.R.T. RESTORATIONSART = Atraumatic Restorative Technique

Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) = prevention and treatment of dental carie sbased on excavating and removing caries using hand instruments only and restoring glass ionomer.

As Restorations for Deciduous Teeth