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Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food1
Republic of Slovenia
Slovenian Agriculture and the Slovenian Agriculture and the
European unionEuropean union
Iztok Jarc,
State Secretary for EU Affaires
Visit of students from University of Ancona,
19 April 2004
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food2
Republic of Slovenia
Slovenian Agriculture and Slovenian Agriculture and the European unionthe European union
1. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food
2. Slovenian agriculture
3. Accession Negotiations on Agriculture
4. Introduction of the CAP Reform
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food3
Republic of SloveniaMinistry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food
ORGANISATION CHART OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FOOD
Ministry of Agriculture,Forestry and Food
Internal Control Service
EU Coordination and InternalAffairs Service
Ministers Office
Public Relations and PromotionService
EU Affairs Department
International Affairs andDevelopment Assistance
Department
Directorate for Agriculture Directorate for Food Safety Secretariat
AgriculturalMarketsSection
StructuralPolicy and
RuralDevelopment
Section
SustainableAgricultural
Section
NaturalDisasterSection
Education,Nongovernmental
Org. andAccounting
Section
Safety andQuality of Food
and FeedSection
ZootechnicSection
Animal Identificationand Registration
Section
ForestrySection
Hunting andFishery Section
LegalAffars
Budget andFinanceService
Investmentsand General
Affairs Service
PersonnelAffairsService
InformationTechnology
Service
Analysis TradeMechanisms and
Records Depatrment
Plant ProductionDepartment
Livestock ProductionDepartment
AgriculturalArea
Department
RuralDevelopmentProgrammeDepartment
Legal SystemsAffairs
Department
Administrativeand Legal
AffairsDepartmrnt
Main Office
FitosanitaryAdministration of the RS
Agency of the RS forAgricultural Markets and Rural
Development
Veterinary Administrationof the RS
Inspectorate of the RS forAgriculture, Forestry and
Food
Directorate forForestry, Hunting
and Fishery
220 empl.
320 empl.18 empl. 154 empl.202 empl.
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food4
Republic of Slovenia
Slovenia - macroeconomic contents
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Population (000) 1996 1991 1989 1988 1991 1987 1983 1986 1990 1992 1996
Change in real GDP (%) -5,5 2,8 5,3 4,1 3,5 4,6 3,8 5,2 4,6 2,9 2,9
GDP per capita (EUR) 4854 5450 6115 7300 7571 8111 8811 9490 10352 10957 11690
Inflation (ann. average)(%) 201,3 32,3 19,8 12,6 9,7 9,1 7,9 6,1 8,9 8,4 7,5
Unemployment rate (%) 13,3 15,4 14,2 13,9 13,9 14,4 14,5 13,6 12,2 11,6 11,6
Share of agriculture
- in GDP (%) 5,2 4,5 4,0 3,9 3,9 3,7 3,6 3,2 3,0 2,9 2,7
- in total export (%)6,7 4,9 4,9 4,0 4,2 4,0 3,9 3,9 3,8 3,7 3,7
- in total import (%)9,6 9,0 9,2 8,4 8,4 8,0 7,3 6,8 6,4 6,6 6,6
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food5
Republic of Slovenia
Slovenian agriculture• Slovenia - scarcely endowed with natural resources:
agricultural area - 44% of the country territory, 75% located in LFA
• unfavourable size structure (average size of the farm is 6,2 ha), trends of improvement
• agriculture: minor role in overall national economy –
small and falling shares of GDP (2,5% in 2003 est.) and employment (5% of active labour force)
• however, agriculture important for rural development:
rural areas - 89% territory, 57% population in rural areas
• agricultural output stabilised and growing
• livestock is the major sector of Slovenian agriculture
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food6
Republic of Slovenia
Farm structureFarm structure
1991 1997 2000 2003
Index
03/91
Number of holdings 112140 90831 86467 77145 68,8
Utilised agricultural area (ha) 504222 466589 485879 481034 95,4
Average size (ha UAA) 4,5 5,1 5,6 6,2 138,7
Holdings above 10 ha of UAA:
- share in number (%) 7,6 9,5 12,7 15,7
- share in UAA (%) 26,5 34,5 41,8 46,6
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food7
Republic of Slovenia
Utilised agricultural area (000 Utilised agricultural area (000 ha)ha)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Arable land Permanent crops Permanent grassland
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food8
Republic of Slovenia
Number of animals Number of animals (000)(000)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Pigs
Cattle
Sheep/goats
Cow s
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food9
Republic of Slovenia
Gross Agricultural Output Gross Agricultural Output (1991=100)(1991=100)
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Agricultural output Crop output Animal output
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food10
Republic of Slovenia
Self-sufficiency Self-sufficiency (%)(%)
0 50 100 150 200
Wheat
Maize
Potatoes
Sugar
Beef
Pork
Poultry
Milk
Eggs
1992
1995
2002
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food11
Republic of Slovenia
Agro-food foreign trade Agro-food foreign trade (m(mio USD)
-500
-300
-100
100
300
500
700
900
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Export Import Trade balance
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food12
Republic of Slovenia
Agro-food imports Agro-food imports (m(mio USD)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Cereals Cerealsprep.
Fruit Vegetables Fruit andvegetables
prep.
Animalfeed
Meat Fats andoils
Beverages Cocoa Misc.edibleprep.
Other
1992-93 2000-02
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food13
Republic of Slovenia
Agro-food exports Agro-food exports (m(mio USD)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Beverages Dairyproducts
Meat prep. Meat Tobacco Misc.edibleprep.
Cerealsprep.
Fruit andvegetables
prep.
Oilseeds Other
1992-93 2000-02
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food14
Republic of Slovenia
Trade destinations Trade destinations (% of total)(% of total)
EXPORT
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
EU Ex SFRJ CEFTA Other
IMPORT
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
EU Ex SFRJ CEFTA Other
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food15
Republic of Slovenia
Policy harmonization
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
General services Rural development and structural policy
Market price measures Compensations for natural disasters
Budget expenditure for agriculture in 1992-2002 (in mio EUR)
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food16
Republic of Slovenia
Transition – Transition – agriculturalagricultural supportsupport (%PSE)(%PSE)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Slovak R Czech R Hungary PolandOECD EU Slovenia
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food17
Republic of Slovenia
Agricultural trade relations
Slovenia’s agricultural trade has been firmly integradted into bi-lateral, regional and multilateral trade agreements:
• WTO agreement
• Europe agreement – also substantial trade liberalisation
• Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) - another step to trade liberalisation, however some import concessions have been on hold
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food18
Republic of Slovenia
Milestones: in 1998: beginning of legislation screenings in 1999: submission of negotiation positions in December 2002: negotiation agreement concluded.
Objectives: Full and equal integration into the Community legal order Accession must not worsen the economic situation in
agriculture Resolving structural and developmental problems of
agriculture Updating the policy and other forms of sector
management
Accession to the EU- negotiations on agriculture
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food19
Republic of Slovenia
Accession to the EU- negotiations on agriculture
Negotiation components:
1. Implementation of the acquis commounataire (legislation, policy, institution)
2. Requests for temporary (transitional periods) and permanent derogations from the acquis
3. Financial framework (direct payments, quotas and reference quantities, rural development)
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food20
Republic of Slovenia
Pre-accession agricultural policy
• long-term goals of the agricultural policy set in 1993 (Slovenia’s Agricultural Strategy) – similar to the CAP goals
• so called ecological-social concept of agricultural policy adopted with stress on multi-functionality of agriculture
• in 1999, reform of the agricultural policy: new policy concept and the ways of goals attainment – as part of preparations to the EU accession
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food21
Republic of Slovenia
Financial framework:Amount and payment method for direct paymentsLevel of production quotas and reference quantitiesAmount of funds allocated to rural development
(EAGGF – Guarantee Measures)
Agreement:
– progressive increase of direct payments
– topping-up from the national budget to the following levels:
2004: 85%, 2005: 90%, 2006: 95%,
2007: 100% = equalization with producers in the current MS
– in total, 249.8 mio EUR from the EU budget have been allocated to Slovenia for rural development in the period 2004-2006.
Accession negotiations on agriculture
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food22
Republic of Slovenia
Government decision:
• 2003: CAP-like standard scheme at EU level of 75%. • 2004: no SAPS, but standard scheme (85 % level)
CAP reform introduction - first results of study in favour of
gradual introduction of regional single area payments
Accession Accession effects effects – – selection of direct payments
scheme
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food23
Republic of Slovenia
Future agricultural policyFuture agricultural policy
1. Slovenia supports further reforms of the CAP
2. When introducing the CAP reform, Slovenia’s objectives are:
• gradual introduction of the new system of decoupled payments,
• prevention of redistribution effects and shocks for producers
• set up of the agricultural policy for the next 10 years, which is economically attractive for producers and at the same time attention is paid to environmental and food safety issues.