spatial@gov conference 2011 matthew jakab

Spatially Enhancing Natural Hazard Risk Analysis in the Asia-Pacific Region

November 2011

SPATIALLY ENHANCING

NATURAL HAZARD RISK ANALYSIS

IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION

Matthew JakabSpatial Data Manager

Regional Risk Section

International Group


November 2011

OVERVIEW

• NATURAL HAZARDS IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC

REGION

• ROLE OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

• NATURAL HAZARD RISK ANALYSIS

• RISK ANALYSIS PROGRAMS

– THE PHILIPPINES

– PAPUA NEW GUINEA

– INDONESIA

• HOW ARE PROGRAMS SPATIALLY ENHANCED?


November 2011

NATURAL HAZARDS IN THE ASIA-

PACIFIC REGION

• Geophysical Hazards:

– Earthquake

– Tsunami

– Volcanic

– Inundation

– Landslide

• Hydro-meteorological Hazards:

– Severe Wind

– Flood


November 2011


PACIFIC REGION

*Earthquake Events between 1900 and 2002 from USGS


November 2011


PACIFIC REGION

*Tsunami Events from NOAA Tsunami Database


November 2011


PACIFIC REGION

* Cyclone Tracks 1945 – 2006 (Source: Unisys and Joint Typhoon Warning Centre)


November 2011


PACIFIC REGION


November 2011


PACIFIC REGION

*Gary Knight


November 2011


PACIFIC REGION

• Consequences for individuals & communities:

– Death and injury

– Loss of property and livelihood

– Displacement

– Poverty

• Disproportionate effect on:

– the poor

– Women, children, elderly, people with

disabilities


November 2011


PACIFIC REGION

• Consequences for nations:

– Impact on infrastructure

– Impact on key facilities

– Social impacts

– Impaired or reversed economic

development

– Erosion of development gains


November 2011

ROLE OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

• Role of Disaster Risk Reduction:

– Save lives

– Protect livelihoods

– Protect development gains

– Improve resilience to natural disasters

• Key element of Disaster Risk Reduction is

Risk Analysis

• AusAID and Geoscience Australia partnership


November 2011


Hazard

Event

Exposure Vulnerability Impact

$


November 2011


Earthquake

Tsunami

Floods

Cyclones

- - - - -

People, Buildings, Businesses,

Infrastructure, Lifeline Utilities

- - - - -

Engineering

Economic

Social

Casualties

- - - - -

SPATIALSPATIAL

DATADATA


November 2011

WHAT IS EXPOSURE?

• Decision makers need to know:

– WHO may be affected?

– WHAT may be affected?

– WHERE are people and features?

– WHEN might the event occur?

– HOW and WHY people and features

respond?

• Exposure = ‘Elements at risk’


November 2011

WHAT IS USED TO BUILD AN

EXPOSURE DATABASE?

• Any dataset providing one or more of the following:

– Physical Location, Size and Shape

– Administrative Area

– Land Ownership

– Land Use

– Construction Date

– Structural Characteristics

– Demographic or Social Characteristics

– Economic Characteristics


November 2011

GA’S HAZARD CAPABILITY

• Hazard modelling capability for:

– Earthquake

– Severe Wind

– Flood

– Tsunami

– Storm Surge

– Bushfire

– Volcanic Ash

• Geo-scientific and atmospheric science expertise


November 2011

GA’S EXPOSURE CAPABILITY

• National Exposure Information System

(NEXIS)

– Combines spatial and non-spatial data

– Consistent attribution of areas and features

– Aggregated at various levels of detail

– Underpins various risk assessment

programs

• Spatial data and relational database expertise


November 2011

GA’S VULNERABILITY CAPABILITY

• Vulnerability modelling for:

– Buildings

– Critical Infrastructure

– Lifeline Utilities

– People and Communities

– Economies

• Engineering, social and economic expertise


November 2011

GA’S RISK ASSESSMENT CAPABILITY

• Cities Project:

– Cairns

– Mackay

– Perth

– South East Queensland

• National Coastal Vulnerability Assessment

• National Wind Risk Assessment

• Post-disaster surveys in Australia and

neighbouring countries


November 2011

AUSTRALIA AND THE PHILIPPINES

Source: http://www.flags.net/


November 2011

EARTHQUAKE IMPACT PILOT STUDY

• Geoscience Australia and Philippine Institute of

Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

• Focus on earthquake impacts in Iloilo City

• Development of exposure database:

– People and Buildings

– Statistical approach (national data)

– Statistical approach (local data)

– Validation (data collection)

– Tool development (open source environment)

• Duration: 2008 - 2011


November 2011

EARTHQUAKE IMPACT PILOT STUDY


November 2011

GREATER METRO MANILA AREA

• Collaboration with various Government of

Philippines agencies

• Hazards focussed on:

– Earthquake

– Tropical Cyclone Severe Wind

– Flooding

• Spatial data support in:

– Component 1 – LiDAR and Imagery

– Component 2 – Exposure Database

• Duration: 2010 - 2013


November 2011

COMPONENT 1 – LiDAR AND IMAGERY

• LiDAR and aerial imagery (1,364 km²)

• Acquired March-April 2011

• Delivered September 2011

• First LiDAR capture mission in the Philippines

• High accuracy surface and terrain data

products for hazard modelling

• Includes ortho-rectified aerial imagery

• Additional value-added products being

generated


November 2011

COMPONENT 1 – LiDAR AND IMAGERY


November 2011

COMPONENT 2 – EXPOSURE DATABASE

• Development of exposure database for Greater Metro Manila Area:

– Statistical data (national and regional data)

– Specific data (local, surveyed and open source)

– Area-Based Approach (land uses)

– Feature-Based Approach (buildings, infrastructure)

– Sustainable tools and databases

• Database suitable for various risk analyses


November 2011

COMPONENT 2 – EXPOSURE DATABASE


November 2011

AUSTRALIA AND PAPUA NEW GUINEA



November 2011

RISK ANALYSIS PROGRAMS IN

PAPUA NEW GUINEA


November 2011


PAPUA NEW GUINEA

• Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment for East New Britain

(a pilot province)

• Collaboration with:

– Government of Papua New Guinea agencies

– East New Britain Provincial Administration

• Hazards focussed on:

– Earthquake

– Tsunami

– Volcanic Ash

• Duration: 2010 - 2013


November 2011


PAPUA NEW GUINEA

• Spatial dataset development and

management

• Capacity building for government agencies

• Collaboration with other aid providers (World

Bank, UNDP)


November 2011

AUSTRALIA AND INDONESIA



November 2011

SUPPORT TO AIFDR

• Australia-Indonesia Facility for Disaster Reduction (AIFDR) – established in 2009

• Geo-scientific support to AIFDR activities

• Provision of spatial data to support hazard modelling for:

– Earthquake

– Tsunami

– Volcanic Ash

• Provision of post-disaster survey expertise following Padang earthquake (2009)

• Duration: 2009 – 2013


November 2011

HOW ARE PROGRAMS SPATIALLY

ENHANCED?

• Importance and value of spatial information:

– Direct benefits to risk assessment

– Centralised database

– Consistency of data

– Available to many

– Efficiency gains


November 2011


ENHANCED?

• New challenges:

– Data management

– Currency

– Consistency

– Maintenance

– Metadata

– Disputed boundaries

– Data access and sharing


November 2011


ENHANCED?

• New opportunities:

– Improved spatial awareness

– Adding value to existing data

– Application of data

– Sustainable tools and processes

– Address future challenges (e.g. climate

change impacts)

– Spatial data infrastructures


November 2011

OVERALL BENEFITS

• When combined with mitigation, the benefits

of spatially enhanced risk analysis are:

– Lives saved

– Safer communities

– Improved quality of life

– Property and infrastructure protected

– Preservation of development gains


November 2011

THANK YOU FOR YOUR INTEREST

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